CA2547966A1 - Continuously tunable coupled opto-electronic oscillators having balanced opto-electronic filters - Google Patents

Continuously tunable coupled opto-electronic oscillators having balanced opto-electronic filters Download PDF

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CA2547966A1
CA2547966A1 CA002547966A CA2547966A CA2547966A1 CA 2547966 A1 CA2547966 A1 CA 2547966A1 CA 002547966 A CA002547966 A CA 002547966A CA 2547966 A CA2547966 A CA 2547966A CA 2547966 A1 CA2547966 A1 CA 2547966A1
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optical
phase
resonators
tuning
electronic
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CA002547966A
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French (fr)
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CA2547966C (en
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Vladimir Ilchenko
Danny Eliyahu
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Oewaves Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B17/00Generation of oscillations using radiation source and detector, e.g. with interposed variable obturator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08013Resonator comprising a fibre, e.g. for modifying dispersion or repetition rate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08018Mode suppression
    • H01S3/08022Longitudinal modes
    • H01S3/08031Single-mode emission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/081Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
    • H01S3/083Ring lasers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/106Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
    • H01S3/107Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using electro-optic devices, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1305Feedback control systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1307Stabilisation of the phase
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/062Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
    • H01S5/06226Modulation at ultra-high frequencies
    • H01S5/0623Modulation at ultra-high frequencies using the beating between two closely spaced optical frequencies, i.e. heterodyne mixing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14External cavity lasers
    • H01S5/141External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2302/00Amplification / lasing wavelength
    • H01S2302/02THz - lasers, i.e. lasers with emission in the wavelength range of typically 0.1 mm to 1 mm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08086Multiple-wavelength emission
    • H01S3/0809Two-wavelenghth emission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10069Memorized or pre-programmed characteristics, e.g. look-up table [LUT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2210/00Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
    • H04B2210/006Devices for generating or processing an RF signal by optical means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

Devices and techniques for achieving continuous tuning of coupled opto-electronic oscillators with signal filtering in RF or microwave frequencies by optical filtering via two optical resonators in two separate optical paths.

Claims (22)

1. A device, comprising:
a closed optical loop to produce laser light, the closed optical loop comprising an optical gain medium to amplify light and to modulate an optical gain of the laser light in response to a control signal applied to the optical gain medium;
an opto-electronic path comprising an optical section coupled to receive a portion of the laser light from the closed optical loop, an electronic section to produce the control signal, and an optical detector coupled between and interconnecting the optical section and the electronic section to covert light in the optical section into an electrical signal in the electronic section, wherein the electronic section produces the control signal from the electrical signal and wherein the opto-electronic path and at least a portion of the closed optical loop form a closed opto-electronic loop to produce an oscillation at a signal frequency;
a tunable optical filter optically coupled in the closed optical loop to filter the laser light circulating in the closed optical loop, the tunable optical filter comprising:
an input port to receive the laser light, a first optical path coupled to the input port to receive a first portion of the received laser light and comprising a first tunable optical resonator to transmit light at a first resonator resonance frequency, a second optical path coupled to the input port to receive a second portion of the laser light and comprising a second tunable optical resonator to transmit light at a second resonator resonance frequency different from the first resonator resonance frequency by the signal frequency, and an output port coupled to the first and second optical paths to combine transmitted light from the first and second optical paths to produce an output optical beam into the closed optical loopy and a mechanism to adjust a relative optical phase between the first and the second optical paths in response to a change in the signal frequency.

~25~
2. The device as in claim 1, further comprising a tuning controller to tune the first and the second resonators to change the signal frequency, wherein the tuning controller further control the mechanism to adjust the relative optical phase between the first and the second optical paths in the tunable optical filter when changing the signal frequency.
3. The device as in claim 2, wherein the opto-electronic path further comprises a second mechanism to control a phase of the control signal to maintain the oscillation at the signal frequency in response to a control by the tuning controller.
4. The device as in claim 3, wherein the tuning controller derives analog control voltages for controlling the first and second optical resonators, the relative optical phase, and the phase of the control signal for continuously tuning the signal frequency from a common analog voltage source.
5. The device as in claim 3, wherein the tuning controller derives analog control voltages for controlling the first and second optical resonators, the relative optical phase, and the phase of the control signal for continuously tuning the signal frequency from a digital tuning source, and the device further comprising digital-to-analog converters to respectively produce the analog control voltages from the digital tuning source.
6. The device as in claim 2, wherein the first and second optical resonators are tunable via an electro-optic effect.
7. The device as in claim 6, wherein the first and second optical resonators comprise a lithium niobate material.
8. The device as in claim 6, the first and second optical resonators are whispering gallery mode resonators.
9. The device as in claim 1, wherein the mechanism to adjust the relative optical phase between the first and the second optical ~26~

paths comprises an optical phase shifter in one of the first and the second optical paths.
10. The device as in claim 1, wherein the mechanism to adjust the relative optical phase between the first and the second optical paths comprises two separate controls of the first and the second optical resonators to tune the first and second resonator resonance frequency, respectively.
11. The device as in claim 1, wherein the optical section comprises an optical delay element.
12. The device as in claim 11, wherein the optical delay element is a fiber loop.
13. A device, comprising:
a laser to lase at first and second laser frequencies that differ by a signal frequency, the laser comprising a closed optical loop which comprises:
an optical gain medium to produce an optical gain and to amplify light and to modulate the optical gain in response to a control signal applied to the optical gain medium, a common optical path having a first end and a second end, a first optical path coupled between the first end and second ends to receive a first portion of light in the closed optical loop and comprising a first optical resonator to transmit light at the first laser frequency, wherein the first optical resonator is tunable to change the first laser frequency, and a second optical path, parallel to the first optical path, coupled between the first end and second ends to receive a second portion of light in the closed optical loop and comprising a second optical resonator to transmit light at the second laser frequency, wherein the second optical resonator is tunable to change the second laser frequency;
an opto-electronic feedback path comprising an optical section coupled to the laser to receive a portion of light from the closed optical loop, an electronic section to produce the control signal and coupled to the optical gain medium to apply the control signal, and an optical detector coupled between the optical section and the electronic section to covert light in the optical section into an electrical signal in the electronic section, wherein the electronic section produces the control signal from the electrical signal and sustains an oscillation at the signal frequency in the opto-electronic path and at least a portion of the closed optical loop;
and a tuning control mechanism to simultaneously control a relative optical phase between the first and the second optical paths, the first and the second optical resonators, and a phase of the control signal to continuously tune the signal frequency.
14. The device as in claim 13, wherein the tuning control mechanism comprises:
a tuning controller to tune at least one of the first and the second optical resonators to change the difference between the first and second laser frequencies and thus to tune the signal frequency;
an optical phase shifter in at least one of the first and second optical paths to change the relative optical phase; and a phase shifter in the electrical section of the opto electronic feedback path to change the phase of the control signal, wherein the tuning of at least one of the first and the second optical resonators, the change in the relative optical phase, and the change in the phase of the control signal are correlated to provide a continuous tuning in the signal frequency without optical mode hopping in the laser.
15. The device as in claim 14, further comprising a common analog voltage source to produce an analog voltage source, and wherein the tuning controller derives analog control voltages for controlling the first and second optical resonators, the optical phase shifter, and the phase shifter from the common analog voltage source.
16. The device as in claim 14, wherein the tuning controller comprises:

a digital tuning source to produce digital signals for controlling the controlling the first and second optical resonators, the optical phase shifter, and the phase shifter, respectively; and digital-to-analog converters to respectively produce analog control voltages for controlling the first and second optical resonators, the optical phase shifter, and the phase shifter, respectively.
17. The device as in claim 13, wherein the tuning control mechanism comprises:
a tuning controller to tune at least one of the first and the second optical resonators to change the difference between the first and second laser frequencies to tune the signal frequency and a relative optical phase between the first and the second optical paths; and a phase shifter in the electrical section of the opto-electronic feedback path to change the phase of the control signal when applied to the optical gain medium, wherein the tuning of at least one of the first and the second optical resonators, the associated change in the relative optical phase, and the change in the phase of the control signal are correlated to provide a continuous tuning in the signal frequency without optical mode hopping in the laser.
18. The device as in claim 13, wherein the optical section comprises an optical delay element.
19. The device as in claim 18, wherein the optical delay element is a fiber loop.
20. The device as in claim 13, wherein the first and second optical resonators are tunable via an electro-optic effect.
21. The device as in claim 20, wherein the first and second optical resonators comprise a lithium niobate material.
22. The device as in claim 13, the first and second optical resonators are whispering gallery mode resonators.
CA2547966A 2003-12-01 2004-12-01 Continuously tunable coupled opto-electronic oscillators having balanced opto-electronic filters Expired - Fee Related CA2547966C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52599203P 2003-12-01 2003-12-01
US60/525,992 2003-12-01
US59919804P 2004-08-05 2004-08-05
US60/599,198 2004-08-05
US10/963,755 2004-10-12
US10/963,755 US7187870B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2004-10-12 Tunable balanced opto-electronic filters and applications in opto-electronic oscillators
PCT/US2004/040301 WO2005055412A2 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-12-01 Continuously tunable coupled opto-electronic oscillators having balanced opto-electronic filters

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CA2547966A1 true CA2547966A1 (en) 2005-06-16
CA2547966C CA2547966C (en) 2010-08-17

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WO2005055412A2 (en) 2005-06-16
EP1695463A2 (en) 2006-08-30
EP1695463A4 (en) 2014-07-09
CA2547966C (en) 2010-08-17
WO2005055412A3 (en) 2005-10-13

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