CA2545765C - Steerable drilling system - Google Patents
Steerable drilling system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2545765C CA2545765C CA2545765A CA2545765A CA2545765C CA 2545765 C CA2545765 C CA 2545765C CA 2545765 A CA2545765 A CA 2545765A CA 2545765 A CA2545765 A CA 2545765A CA 2545765 C CA2545765 C CA 2545765C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- control
- bias unit
- motor
- control shaft
- angular position
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A steerable drilling system comprises a bias unit 14 operable by means of a control valve arrangement 22, the control valve arrangement 22 comprising a rotary valve 24 having a control shaft 28 the angular position of which is controlled by a motor 30.
Description
=
Steerable Drilling System This invention relates to a steerable drilling system for use in the formation of boreholes, for example for use in hydrocarbon extraction.
One known form of steerable drilling system includes a bias unit having several bias pads mounted thereon. Each bias pad is moveable from a retracted position to an extended position by means of an associated piston to which drilling fluid under pressure is supplied through a control valve arrangement. The bias pads are arranged such that, when in their extended positions, they engage the adjacent part of the wall of the borehole and apply a sideways acting load to the bias unit. It will be appreciated that if the drill bit is connected to the bias unit, the application of such a load to the bias unit will apply a similar load to the drill bit thereby urging the bit to form a desired deviation in the borehole.
The control valve arrangement typically comprises a rotary valve arranged to supply drilling fluid to the pistons in turn. A control shaft of the rotary valve is connected to a suitably controlled roll stabilised platform so that the control shaft and associated part of the valve are held in a substantially geostationary manner.
The provision of a roll stabilised platform results in the control valve arrangement being of fairly complex form and also being of fairly large dimensions.
Steerable Drilling System This invention relates to a steerable drilling system for use in the formation of boreholes, for example for use in hydrocarbon extraction.
One known form of steerable drilling system includes a bias unit having several bias pads mounted thereon. Each bias pad is moveable from a retracted position to an extended position by means of an associated piston to which drilling fluid under pressure is supplied through a control valve arrangement. The bias pads are arranged such that, when in their extended positions, they engage the adjacent part of the wall of the borehole and apply a sideways acting load to the bias unit. It will be appreciated that if the drill bit is connected to the bias unit, the application of such a load to the bias unit will apply a similar load to the drill bit thereby urging the bit to form a desired deviation in the borehole.
The control valve arrangement typically comprises a rotary valve arranged to supply drilling fluid to the pistons in turn. A control shaft of the rotary valve is connected to a suitably controlled roll stabilised platform so that the control shaft and associated part of the valve are held in a substantially geostationary manner.
The provision of a roll stabilised platform results in the control valve arrangement being of fairly complex form and also being of fairly large dimensions.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steerable drilling system comprising a bias unit operable by means of a control valve arrangement, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft the angular position of which is controlled by a motor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steerable drilling system comprising a bias unit to control a direction of drilling, the bias unit being operable by means of a control valve arrangement which controls the supply of drilling fluid used to actuate the bias unit, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft extending from an output shaft of an electrically operated motor, the angular position of the control shaft and the rotary valve being powered and controlled by the electrically operated motor.
The motor is conveniently an electrically operated motor. Preferably the operation of the motor is controlled by a control unit, conveniently using information relating to the orientation of the bias unit and the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit.
The information relating to the orientation of the bias unit may be derived from the outputs of accelerometers and/or magnetometers mounted upon, carried by or associated with the bias unit. The information relating to the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit may be derived from the output of an angle transducer arranged to monitor the control shaft.
The invention also relates to a control valve arrangement suitable for use in such a drilling system, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft the angular position of which is controlled by a motor.
=
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steerable drilling system comprising a bias unit to control a direction of drilling, the bias unit being operable by means of a control valve arrangement which controls the supply of drilling fluid used to actuate the bias unit, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft extending from an output shaft of an electrically operated motor, the angular position of the control shaft and the rotary valve being powered and controlled by the electrically operated motor.
The motor is conveniently an electrically operated motor. Preferably the operation of the motor is controlled by a control unit, conveniently using information relating to the orientation of the bias unit and the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit.
The information relating to the orientation of the bias unit may be derived from the outputs of accelerometers and/or magnetometers mounted upon, carried by or associated with the bias unit. The information relating to the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit may be derived from the output of an angle transducer arranged to monitor the control shaft.
The invention also relates to a control valve arrangement suitable for use in such a drilling system, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft the angular position of which is controlled by a motor.
=
The invention will further be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a drilling system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; and Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating part of the drilling system of Figure 1.
The drilling system illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 1 comprises a drill bit 10 connected to a drilling collar 12 forming the housing of a bias unit 14. A
plurality of bias pads 16 are pivotally connected to the collar 12, each bias pad 16 including a piston region 18 slidable within a respective bore 20 provided in the collar 12 so as to be moveable between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, the bias pad 16 lies adjacent the periphery of the collar 12. When in its extended position, the pad 16 projects from the circumference of the collar 12 and, in use, will engage an adjacent part of the wall of the borehole being formed so as to apply a sideways acting load to the collar 12, and hence to the bit 10.
A control valve arrangement 22 is provided to control the supply of drilling fluid or mud under pressure to the bores 20 within which the piston regions 18 are moveable. The control valve arrangement 22 comprises a rotary valve 24 having an inlet to which fluid under pressure is supplied and a series of outlets, each outlet being connected through 4 appropriate lines 26 to the bores 20. A valve member is rotatably moveable, the valve member being shaped to define a flow path which communicates with the inlet and which communicates with the outlets, in turn, as the valve member is rotated so as to supply fluid under pressure to the bores 20 in turn as the valve member rotates. Depending upon the valve design, there may be times at which fluid is supplied to more than one of the lines. It will be appreciated, therefore, that the bias pads 16 are each moved from their respective retracted positions to their respective extended positions, in turn, as the valve member rotates. The valve member is connected to a control shaft 28, and it will be appreciated that the angular position of the control shaft 28 determines which one or ones of the lines 26, and hence the bores 20 are supplied with fluid under pressure at any given time.
The bias unit 14 and drill bit 10 are connected to an output of a downhole motor so as to be driven for rotation. A load is applied to the bias unit 14 and bit 10 and it will be appreciated that the combination of the application of the load and the rotary motion of the bit causes the bit to gouge, scrape or abrade material from the formation in which the borehole is being formed. Drilling fluid is used to carry away material removed in this manner.
As the bias unit 14 is arranged to rotate, in use, in order to apply a sideways acting load to the bias unit 14 and bit 10 acting in a desired direction so as to cause a desired deviation in the direction of the borehole being formed it will be appreciated that the bias pads 16 need to be moved from their retracted positions to their extended position in a manner synchronised with the rotation of the bias unit 14, and this is achieved by holding the control shaft 28 against rotation relative to the formation.
In accordance with the invention, the control shaft 20 is connected to or forms an extension of the output shaft of a motor 30 the operation of which is controlled by a motor controller 32. As illustrated in Figure 2, the motor controller is driven from a DC power source generated downhole by means of a turbine 34 and alternator 36. Although it is convenient to use a downhole generated electrical supply to control the operation of the motor controller 32 and motor 30, it will be appreciated that other forms of power source could be used if desired. For example, suitable batteries could be used.
The motor controller 32 is arranged to receive, in real time, tool face measurement signals representative of the orientation and rotational speed of the collar 12. These signals are generated by sensors in the form of a three axis accelerometer 38, a three axis magnetometer 40, and a rotational rate sensor 41, typically in the form of a gyroscope, in the illustrated arrangement. However, it will be appreciated that rather than use signals from a plurality of different types of sensor, a single type of sensor could be used if desired.
In addition to the signals representative of the orientation of the drilling collar 12, the motor controller 32 is further supplied with signals representative of the angular position of the control shaft 28 relative to the drilling collar 12. These signals are derived from the output of an angle transducer 42.
The information representative of the absolute orientation of the drilling collar 12 is used, in combination with the information representative of the angle of the shaft 28 relative to the drilling collar 12 to determine, substantially in real time, the absolute orientation of the control shaft 28. Using a downhole computer 44, the calculated angular position of the shaft 28 is compared with a desired angular position thereof, and a signal is generated to cause the motor 30 to be driven to cause rotation of the drive shaft 28 to the desired position at any given time. It will be appreciated, therefore, that the bias pads 16 can be driven to their extended positions, in turn, at the desired time to achieve drilling in the desired direction.
It will be appreciated that a range ofmodifications and alterations to the arrangement described herein may be made within the scope of the invention. It will further be appreciated that the provision of a roll stabilised platform, and the associated disadvantages, are avoided.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a drilling system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; and Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating part of the drilling system of Figure 1.
The drilling system illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 1 comprises a drill bit 10 connected to a drilling collar 12 forming the housing of a bias unit 14. A
plurality of bias pads 16 are pivotally connected to the collar 12, each bias pad 16 including a piston region 18 slidable within a respective bore 20 provided in the collar 12 so as to be moveable between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, the bias pad 16 lies adjacent the periphery of the collar 12. When in its extended position, the pad 16 projects from the circumference of the collar 12 and, in use, will engage an adjacent part of the wall of the borehole being formed so as to apply a sideways acting load to the collar 12, and hence to the bit 10.
A control valve arrangement 22 is provided to control the supply of drilling fluid or mud under pressure to the bores 20 within which the piston regions 18 are moveable. The control valve arrangement 22 comprises a rotary valve 24 having an inlet to which fluid under pressure is supplied and a series of outlets, each outlet being connected through 4 appropriate lines 26 to the bores 20. A valve member is rotatably moveable, the valve member being shaped to define a flow path which communicates with the inlet and which communicates with the outlets, in turn, as the valve member is rotated so as to supply fluid under pressure to the bores 20 in turn as the valve member rotates. Depending upon the valve design, there may be times at which fluid is supplied to more than one of the lines. It will be appreciated, therefore, that the bias pads 16 are each moved from their respective retracted positions to their respective extended positions, in turn, as the valve member rotates. The valve member is connected to a control shaft 28, and it will be appreciated that the angular position of the control shaft 28 determines which one or ones of the lines 26, and hence the bores 20 are supplied with fluid under pressure at any given time.
The bias unit 14 and drill bit 10 are connected to an output of a downhole motor so as to be driven for rotation. A load is applied to the bias unit 14 and bit 10 and it will be appreciated that the combination of the application of the load and the rotary motion of the bit causes the bit to gouge, scrape or abrade material from the formation in which the borehole is being formed. Drilling fluid is used to carry away material removed in this manner.
As the bias unit 14 is arranged to rotate, in use, in order to apply a sideways acting load to the bias unit 14 and bit 10 acting in a desired direction so as to cause a desired deviation in the direction of the borehole being formed it will be appreciated that the bias pads 16 need to be moved from their retracted positions to their extended position in a manner synchronised with the rotation of the bias unit 14, and this is achieved by holding the control shaft 28 against rotation relative to the formation.
In accordance with the invention, the control shaft 20 is connected to or forms an extension of the output shaft of a motor 30 the operation of which is controlled by a motor controller 32. As illustrated in Figure 2, the motor controller is driven from a DC power source generated downhole by means of a turbine 34 and alternator 36. Although it is convenient to use a downhole generated electrical supply to control the operation of the motor controller 32 and motor 30, it will be appreciated that other forms of power source could be used if desired. For example, suitable batteries could be used.
The motor controller 32 is arranged to receive, in real time, tool face measurement signals representative of the orientation and rotational speed of the collar 12. These signals are generated by sensors in the form of a three axis accelerometer 38, a three axis magnetometer 40, and a rotational rate sensor 41, typically in the form of a gyroscope, in the illustrated arrangement. However, it will be appreciated that rather than use signals from a plurality of different types of sensor, a single type of sensor could be used if desired.
In addition to the signals representative of the orientation of the drilling collar 12, the motor controller 32 is further supplied with signals representative of the angular position of the control shaft 28 relative to the drilling collar 12. These signals are derived from the output of an angle transducer 42.
The information representative of the absolute orientation of the drilling collar 12 is used, in combination with the information representative of the angle of the shaft 28 relative to the drilling collar 12 to determine, substantially in real time, the absolute orientation of the control shaft 28. Using a downhole computer 44, the calculated angular position of the shaft 28 is compared with a desired angular position thereof, and a signal is generated to cause the motor 30 to be driven to cause rotation of the drive shaft 28 to the desired position at any given time. It will be appreciated, therefore, that the bias pads 16 can be driven to their extended positions, in turn, at the desired time to achieve drilling in the desired direction.
It will be appreciated that a range ofmodifications and alterations to the arrangement described herein may be made within the scope of the invention. It will further be appreciated that the provision of a roll stabilised platform, and the associated disadvantages, are avoided.
Claims (9)
1. A steerable drilling system comprising a bias unit to control a direction of drilling, the bias unit being operable by means of a control valve arrangement which controls the supply of drilling fluid used to actuate the bias unit, the control valve arrangement comprising a rotary valve having a control shaft extending from an output shaft of an electrically operated motor, the angular position of the control shaft and the rotary valve being powered and controlled by the electrically operated motor.
2. A system according to Claim 1, wherein the operation of the motor is controlled by a control unit.
3. A system according to Claim 2, wherein the control unit controls the motor using information relating to the orientation of the bias unit and the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit.
4. A system according to Claim 3, wherein the control unit further uses information relating to the rotational speed of the bias unit.
5. A system according to Claim 3 or Claim 4, wherein the information relating to the orientation of the bias unit is derived from the outputs of accelerometers and/or magnetometers mounted upon, carried by or associated with the bias unit.
6. A system according to Claim 4, wherein rotational speed information is derived from a rotational rate sensor.
7. A system according to Claim 6, wherein the rotational rate sensor comprises a gyroscope.
8. A system according to Claim 3 or Claim 4, wherein the information relating to the angular position of the control shaft relative to the bias unit is derived from the output of an angle transducer arranged to monitor the control shaft.
9. A control valve arrangement adapted for use in the drilling system as claimed in any one claims 1 to 8, the control valve arrangement comprising the rotary valve having the control shaft, the angular position of which is controlled by the motor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0509153A GB2425790B (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2005-05-05 | Steerable drilling system |
| GB0509153.3 | 2005-05-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2545765A1 CA2545765A1 (en) | 2006-11-05 |
| CA2545765C true CA2545765C (en) | 2013-04-30 |
Family
ID=34685107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2545765A Active CA2545765C (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2006-05-03 | Steerable drilling system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060249287A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2545765C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2425790B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO324591B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2450498A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Schlumberger Holdings | Battery powered rotary steerable drilling system |
| US8763726B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2014-07-01 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Drill bit gauge pad control |
| US8727036B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2014-05-20 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for drilling |
| MX337972B (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2016-03-29 | Schlumberger Technology Bv | Method and system for steering a directional drilling system. |
| US8534380B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2013-09-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for directional drilling a borehole with a rotary drilling system |
| US8066085B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2011-11-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Stochastic bit noise control |
| US8757294B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2014-06-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for controlling a drilling system for drilling a borehole in an earth formation |
| US8720604B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2014-05-13 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and system for steering a directional drilling system |
| US20100038141A1 (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2010-02-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Compliantly coupled gauge pad system with movable gauge pads |
| WO2011160027A2 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | 7Schlumberger Canada Limited | Oil operated rotary steerable system |
| US8590638B2 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-11-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Intelligent wellbore propagation system |
| US8672056B2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2014-03-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for controlling steering in a rotary steerable system |
| US8708064B2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2014-04-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method to control steering and additional functionality in a rotary steerable system |
| US8376067B2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2013-02-19 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method employing a rotational valve to control steering in a rotary steerable system |
| US9303457B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2016-04-05 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Directional drilling using magnetic biasing |
| US9970235B2 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2018-05-15 | Bertrand Lacour | Rotary steerable drilling system for drilling a borehole in an earth formation |
| CA2910916C (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2018-06-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Dynamic geo-stationary actuation for a fully-rotating rotary steerable system |
| GB2546909B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2018-01-03 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Dynamic geo-stationary actuation for a fully-rotating rotary steerable system |
| CN103341790A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-10-09 | 苏州边枫电子科技有限公司 | Angle deflection detecting and automatic bottom plate adjusting device of drill |
| US10364608B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2019-07-30 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Rotary steerable system having multiple independent actuators |
| US10415363B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2019-09-17 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Control for rotary steerable system |
| US10287821B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2019-05-14 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Roll-stabilized rotary steerable system |
| US10641077B2 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2020-05-05 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Determining angular offset between geomagnetic and gravitational fields while drilling wellbore |
| CN107939291B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-07-09 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of rotary guiding device |
| CA3136759A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-22 | Sparrow Downhole Tools Ltd. | Rotary steerable drilling system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9503829D0 (en) * | 1995-02-25 | 1995-04-19 | Camco Drilling Group Ltd | "Improvememnts in or relating to steerable rotary drilling systems" |
| US6470974B1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2002-10-29 | Western Well Tool, Inc. | Three-dimensional steering tool for controlled downhole extended-reach directional drilling |
| US6962214B2 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2005-11-08 | Schlumberger Wcp Ltd. | Rotary seal for directional drilling tools |
| GB2408526B (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2007-10-17 | Schlumberger Holdings | Steerable drilling system |
-
2005
- 2005-05-05 GB GB0509153A patent/GB2425790B/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-05-02 US US11/381,171 patent/US20060249287A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-05-03 CA CA2545765A patent/CA2545765C/en active Active
- 2006-05-04 NO NO20061997A patent/NO324591B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0509153D0 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
| NO20061997L (en) | 2006-11-06 |
| GB2425790A (en) | 2006-11-08 |
| GB2425790B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
| US20060249287A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| CA2545765A1 (en) | 2006-11-05 |
| NO324591B1 (en) | 2007-11-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |