CA2511630C - Masonry wall system - Google Patents
Masonry wall system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2511630C CA2511630C CA002511630A CA2511630A CA2511630C CA 2511630 C CA2511630 C CA 2511630C CA 002511630 A CA002511630 A CA 002511630A CA 2511630 A CA2511630 A CA 2511630A CA 2511630 C CA2511630 C CA 2511630C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- masonry
- block
- fastener
- fasteners
- blocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
- E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/161—Protective caps for the ends of reinforcing bars
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
- E04C5/165—Coaxial connection by means of sleeves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
- E04B2002/0254—Tie rods
Abstract
The masonry block wall system comprises masonry blocks fastened together with interconnecting threaded steel fasteners. Four fasteners on each block connect with a pair of identical blocks immediately above and a pair of identical blocks immediately below the block. The resulting masonry wall is structurally sound and allows large vertical chases or conduits for electrical, plumbing and the like. Unlike conventional masonry, the construction of the present masonry wall does not require specialized knowledge and skill of a mason and is relatively easy to build. As well, the masonry wall system is not dependant upon weather during construction and can be deconstructed without demolition.
Description
MASONRY WALL SYSTEM
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a masonry wall system in which masonry blocks are interconnected using mechanical fasteners.
BACKGROUND
Masonry block walls are presently constructed using concrete blocks stacked on top of each other. The blocks are bonded together using cement mortar (both in the horizontal and vertical joints). A wire-reinforcing ladder is iiistalled in the periodic horizontal joints. Construction of a masonry block wall requires a skilled mason. The construction of a masonry block wall requires a controlled environment while the cement mortar cures.
In conventional masonry construction, the designer (the design engineer) has few means of knowing that the block wall is built in accordance with the designers specifications, for example: the mortar being oorrectiy installed and having adequate strength, the concrete filled cores being completely filled and the reinforcing steel being placed correctly or being installed at all. The designer has to rely heavily on the integrity of the mason and the mason's workers that the masonry wall was properly built.
Traditional masonry units have vertical chases or conduits for installing plumbing lines, electrical conduits and other building services, but the vertical holes are often small and are commonly filled with cement grout or concrete and thus very often not contirtuous from top to bottom.
United States Patents 1,499,483 (Simms), 5,685,119 (Zschoppe), 5,899,040 (Cerrato) and 6,244,009 (Cerrato) disclose various examples of a wall construction using masonry type blocks. In each instance, the block has an irregular shape for interlocking connection with adjacent blocks. The blocks thus require complex molds for manufacturing. Rods are used in some instances for interconnecting adjacent blocks, however the rods are intended to span plural rows resulting is a wall which permits some relative movement between the biocks.
This relative movement is typically undesirable in a large static structure.
US 5,787,675 (Futagi) discloses a log wall construc'tion in which mechanical fasteners are used for interconnecting the logs of the wall. The fasteners include a washer formed integrally thereon which has cleats for bearing into the logs being fastened. The configuration of the cleats would interfere with the use of the fasteners on a masonry wall construction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a masonry block in combination with a plurality of masonry fasteners, for use in a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces;
the masonry block comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure, the upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, and a piurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction such that the lateral direction extends between the opposing flat sides which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; and an intemally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identicai configuration, According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry wall system comprising rows of masonry blocks supported one above the other to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces in whioh each masonry block is connected to at least one masonry block immediately therebelow by a plurality of masonry fasteners:
each masonry block comprising:
a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longi#udinal direction of the block and forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed In the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the blocks, the lateral direation extending between the opposing flat sides of the blocks whiCh form the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body;
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a masonry wall system in which masonry blocks are interconnected using mechanical fasteners.
BACKGROUND
Masonry block walls are presently constructed using concrete blocks stacked on top of each other. The blocks are bonded together using cement mortar (both in the horizontal and vertical joints). A wire-reinforcing ladder is iiistalled in the periodic horizontal joints. Construction of a masonry block wall requires a skilled mason. The construction of a masonry block wall requires a controlled environment while the cement mortar cures.
In conventional masonry construction, the designer (the design engineer) has few means of knowing that the block wall is built in accordance with the designers specifications, for example: the mortar being oorrectiy installed and having adequate strength, the concrete filled cores being completely filled and the reinforcing steel being placed correctly or being installed at all. The designer has to rely heavily on the integrity of the mason and the mason's workers that the masonry wall was properly built.
Traditional masonry units have vertical chases or conduits for installing plumbing lines, electrical conduits and other building services, but the vertical holes are often small and are commonly filled with cement grout or concrete and thus very often not contirtuous from top to bottom.
United States Patents 1,499,483 (Simms), 5,685,119 (Zschoppe), 5,899,040 (Cerrato) and 6,244,009 (Cerrato) disclose various examples of a wall construction using masonry type blocks. In each instance, the block has an irregular shape for interlocking connection with adjacent blocks. The blocks thus require complex molds for manufacturing. Rods are used in some instances for interconnecting adjacent blocks, however the rods are intended to span plural rows resulting is a wall which permits some relative movement between the biocks.
This relative movement is typically undesirable in a large static structure.
US 5,787,675 (Futagi) discloses a log wall construc'tion in which mechanical fasteners are used for interconnecting the logs of the wall. The fasteners include a washer formed integrally thereon which has cleats for bearing into the logs being fastened. The configuration of the cleats would interfere with the use of the fasteners on a masonry wall construction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a masonry block in combination with a plurality of masonry fasteners, for use in a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces;
the masonry block comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure, the upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, and a piurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction such that the lateral direction extends between the opposing flat sides which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; and an intemally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identicai configuration, According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry wall system comprising rows of masonry blocks supported one above the other to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces in whioh each masonry block is connected to at least one masonry block immediately therebelow by a plurality of masonry fasteners:
each masonry block comprising:
a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longi#udinal direction of the block and forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed In the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the blocks, the lateral direation extending between the opposing flat sides of the blocks whiCh form the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body which engages a top side of the respective masonry block;
an internally threaded bare formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body in mating engagement with the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener received through said at least one masonry block immediately therebelow.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of assembling a masonry wall on a supporting surface in which the masonry wall has a pair of opposing surfaces, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of masonry blocks, each comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning In a longitudinal direction of the block for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein, at least some of the fastener apertures for receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
providing a plurality of masonry fasteners, each comprising an elongate body; a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
forming the supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of a first row of blocks;
forming the first row of blocks by placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along the supporting surface such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
an internally threaded bare formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body in mating engagement with the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener received through said at least one masonry block immediately therebelow.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of assembling a masonry wall on a supporting surface in which the masonry wall has a pair of opposing surfaces, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of masonry blocks, each comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning In a longitudinal direction of the block for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein, at least some of the fastener apertures for receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
providing a plurality of masonry fasteners, each comprising an elongate body; a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
forming the supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of a first row of blocks;
forming the first row of blocks by placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along the supporting surface such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
5 anchoring each of the masonry blocks of the first row to the supporting surfaoe using the masonry fasteners by:
inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective one of the fastener apertures until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block; and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete by fastening the extemaily threaded portion of the masonry fasteners in the first row of blocks to the embedded masonry fasteners;
forming subsequent rows of blocks in which each subsequent row is fbnred by:
placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along a previous row of blocks with the fastener apertures of the masonry blocks being aligned with respective fastener apertures of the previous row of blocks such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall; and connecting each of the masonry blocks to the masonry blocks of the previous row of blocks using the masonry fasteners by inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective fastener aperture until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block and the externally threaded portion is threadably received in the intema!!y threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener in the previous row of blocks; and inserting the masonry fasteners into the masonry blocks such that each masonry block includes at least two masonry fasteners therein which are spaced apart from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing upright flat sides of the masonry block which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry block for use with threaded masonry fasteners having a nut portion and a threaded portion to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction extending between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the threaded portions of the masonry fasteners therethrough;
each fastener aperture including a counter bore for'med at the bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the nut portions of the masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures including the counter bore formed at the bottom side thereof being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the Iongitudinal direction and extending between the opposing, upright side walls for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure.
Aocording to yet a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry bfook for use with threaded masonry fasteners for forming a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective one of the fastener apertures until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block; and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete by fastening the extemaily threaded portion of the masonry fasteners in the first row of blocks to the embedded masonry fasteners;
forming subsequent rows of blocks in which each subsequent row is fbnred by:
placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along a previous row of blocks with the fastener apertures of the masonry blocks being aligned with respective fastener apertures of the previous row of blocks such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall; and connecting each of the masonry blocks to the masonry blocks of the previous row of blocks using the masonry fasteners by inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective fastener aperture until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block and the externally threaded portion is threadably received in the intema!!y threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener in the previous row of blocks; and inserting the masonry fasteners into the masonry blocks such that each masonry block includes at least two masonry fasteners therein which are spaced apart from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing upright flat sides of the masonry block which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry block for use with threaded masonry fasteners having a nut portion and a threaded portion to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction extending between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the threaded portions of the masonry fasteners therethrough;
each fastener aperture including a counter bore for'med at the bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the nut portions of the masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures including the counter bore formed at the bottom side thereof being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the Iongitudinal direction and extending between the opposing, upright side walls for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure.
Aocording to yet a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a masonry bfook for use with threaded masonry fasteners for forming a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direotion between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure, and a pair of web portions spanning in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls;
a central conduit extending through the body from a top side to a bottom side of the body between the web portions;
a pair of partial conduits extending through the body from the top side to the bottom side of the body at the ends of the body, each partial conduit being located between a respective one of the web portions and a respective one of the ends of the body and substantially comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit;
and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from the top side to the bottom side of the block;
each fastener aperture being arranged for receiving one of the threaded masonry fasteners therethrough in the masonry wall structure;
the fastener apertures being located in each web portion of the body;
and at least some of the fastener apertures being spaced from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls of the body.
Preferably each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block wherein a length and a diameter of the counter bore are respectively equal to or greater than a length and a diameter of the nut portion of the fastener.
a central conduit extending through the body from a top side to a bottom side of the body between the web portions;
a pair of partial conduits extending through the body from the top side to the bottom side of the body at the ends of the body, each partial conduit being located between a respective one of the web portions and a respective one of the ends of the body and substantially comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit;
and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from the top side to the bottom side of the block;
each fastener aperture being arranged for receiving one of the threaded masonry fasteners therethrough in the masonry wall structure;
the fastener apertures being located in each web portion of the body;
and at least some of the fastener apertures being spaced from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls of the body.
Preferably each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block wherein a length and a diameter of the counter bore are respectively equal to or greater than a length and a diameter of the nut portion of the fastener.
There may be provided a flat washer between the nut portion and the externally threaded portion which is greater in diameter than the counter bore and which is formed integraily with the nut portion.
When the block includes flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, preferably the fastener apertures are spaced both in the longitudinal direction and IateraNy relative to the longitudinal direction from one another.
A pair of laterally spaced fastener apertures may be spaced from each end of the block by approximately % of a total length of the block in a longitudinal direction of the block for alignment of the fastener apertures when the blocks are stacked to overlap half a block length of the blocks immediately therebelow.
The blocks may include a pair of side walls spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block and a pair of web portions spanning between the side 'walls.
The web portions preferably define a central conduit extending through the block from the top side to the bottom side of the block between the web portions and a pair of partial conduits formed at opposing ends of the blocks between each web portion and a nespective end of the block. Preferably the partial conduits each comprise half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit for forming a complete conduit when two partial conduits are abutted. The fastener apertures may be located in each web pordon.
The method may include forming a supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of the first row of blocks and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete.
As described herein, the masonry wall system resufts in a mvrtarless block wall comprising concrete block units that are connected together with steel connectors. The steel connectors main purposes are to provide tensile strength to the wall to resist bending stresses (created from lateral loads such as wind and eccentric verticai wall loading). The block walls are placed on top of the lower course of masonry units (the vertical joints are stagger from the block course below -running bond). The steel connectors also serve a secondary purpose of providing a guide for the masonry block units being placed.
The masonry wall system of the present invention (or mortariess biock wall) possesses numerous benefits and advantages over the traditional masonry wall construction. Most significantly, the mortarless block wall can be built without the specialized skills and knowledge of a niason. As well, the mortarless block wall can be constructed in any weather conditions without affecting its structural integrity (unlike traditionai masonry wall construction that is effected by weather condition that in tum affects its structural integrity such as frozen mortar in cold weather, baked mortar in hot weather or dried mortar in windy weather). As well, as the mortariess block wall is constructed it has immediate structural strength (unlike conventionai masonry construction, which only has strength after the cement mortar has cured).
Having instantaneous strength is beneficial when the walls an? exposed to construction in windy condikions. Another benefit to the mortarless block wall is that the construction can be de-constructed by simply reversing the construction process.
The masonry block units and the nietai connectors can be re-used over and over again.
The mortarless block wall is lighter than traditional block walls and the walls have greater resistance to wind loads (both posi#ive pressure loads and negative suction loads). As well, the mortarless block wall has greater horizontal shear resistance than traditional block walls (which relies on the strength of the cement mortar).
The mortarless block wall requires the use of the masonry fasteners of the present invention to work property and so there is no incentive or means for the 5 wall builder to skimp on material or do shoddy workmanship.
Another advantage of the mortarless masonry block is that it has large continuous vertical holes in the center. These holes can be used for installing plumbing lines, etectrical conduits and other building services and wori't get plugged with mortar or concrete when installed due to the use of the masonry fasteners 10 according to the present invention.
The masonry block wall's vertical holes must line up vertically and in fact are guide for the proper placement of the block units.
One embodiment of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the masonry wall system.
Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the masonry wall system.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the masonry fastener for the masonry wall system.
Figure 4 is a perspeGtive view of the masonry block for the masonry wall system shown with a pair of masonry fasteners inserted therein.
Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the masonry block.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the block along the line 6-8 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a sectional view of the masonry wall system along the line 7-7 of Figure 2.
When the block includes flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, preferably the fastener apertures are spaced both in the longitudinal direction and IateraNy relative to the longitudinal direction from one another.
A pair of laterally spaced fastener apertures may be spaced from each end of the block by approximately % of a total length of the block in a longitudinal direction of the block for alignment of the fastener apertures when the blocks are stacked to overlap half a block length of the blocks immediately therebelow.
The blocks may include a pair of side walls spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block and a pair of web portions spanning between the side 'walls.
The web portions preferably define a central conduit extending through the block from the top side to the bottom side of the block between the web portions and a pair of partial conduits formed at opposing ends of the blocks between each web portion and a nespective end of the block. Preferably the partial conduits each comprise half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit for forming a complete conduit when two partial conduits are abutted. The fastener apertures may be located in each web pordon.
The method may include forming a supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of the first row of blocks and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete.
As described herein, the masonry wall system resufts in a mvrtarless block wall comprising concrete block units that are connected together with steel connectors. The steel connectors main purposes are to provide tensile strength to the wall to resist bending stresses (created from lateral loads such as wind and eccentric verticai wall loading). The block walls are placed on top of the lower course of masonry units (the vertical joints are stagger from the block course below -running bond). The steel connectors also serve a secondary purpose of providing a guide for the masonry block units being placed.
The masonry wall system of the present invention (or mortariess biock wall) possesses numerous benefits and advantages over the traditional masonry wall construction. Most significantly, the mortarless block wall can be built without the specialized skills and knowledge of a niason. As well, the mortarless block wall can be constructed in any weather conditions without affecting its structural integrity (unlike traditionai masonry wall construction that is effected by weather condition that in tum affects its structural integrity such as frozen mortar in cold weather, baked mortar in hot weather or dried mortar in windy weather). As well, as the mortariess block wall is constructed it has immediate structural strength (unlike conventionai masonry construction, which only has strength after the cement mortar has cured).
Having instantaneous strength is beneficial when the walls an? exposed to construction in windy condikions. Another benefit to the mortarless block wall is that the construction can be de-constructed by simply reversing the construction process.
The masonry block units and the nietai connectors can be re-used over and over again.
The mortarless block wall is lighter than traditional block walls and the walls have greater resistance to wind loads (both posi#ive pressure loads and negative suction loads). As well, the mortarless block wall has greater horizontal shear resistance than traditional block walls (which relies on the strength of the cement mortar).
The mortarless block wall requires the use of the masonry fasteners of the present invention to work property and so there is no incentive or means for the 5 wall builder to skimp on material or do shoddy workmanship.
Another advantage of the mortarless masonry block is that it has large continuous vertical holes in the center. These holes can be used for installing plumbing lines, etectrical conduits and other building services and wori't get plugged with mortar or concrete when installed due to the use of the masonry fasteners 10 according to the present invention.
The masonry block wall's vertical holes must line up vertically and in fact are guide for the proper placement of the block units.
One embodiment of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the masonry wall system.
Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the masonry wall system.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the masonry fastener for the masonry wall system.
Figure 4 is a perspeGtive view of the masonry block for the masonry wall system shown with a pair of masonry fasteners inserted therein.
Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the masonry block.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the block along the line 6-8 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a sectional view of the masonry wall system along the line 7-7 of Figure 2.
In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAIl.ED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the accompanying figures there is illustrated a masonry wall system generally indicated by reference numeral 10. The system 10 includes a plurality of masonry blocks 12 which are mechanically coupled to one another using masonry fasteners 14 as described herein.
Each masonry block 12 comprises a rectangular body of pre-cast concrete which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between opposing ends 16 of the body. The height and lateral width transverse to the longiitudinal direction are approximately equal to one another, having dimensions each of approximately millimetres while the length is approximately double. The blocks each include flat side walls 18 which form the surfaces of the wall structure being formed when the blocks are stacked on top of one another. Each block also includes aflat top side 19 and a flat bottom side 20 which permits stacking of the blocks on top of the other.
Each block includes a centrally located round conduit 24 having a diameter which is more than half of the width of the block which extends through the block from the top side to the bottom side thereof. The conduit is centered both laterally and longitudinally. Each end 16 of the block also includes a partial conduit 26 which comprises a channel open to the exterior end of the block and which is shaped to correspond to half of the cross sectional shape of the central round conduit 24.
Accordingly when two blocks are abutted in an end to end configuration two partial canduits 26 are opened to one another and form an assembled conduit which is identical in cross section to the central round conduit 24.
Two webs 28 are integrally formed in each block to span between the opposing sides 18 of the block to divide the central conduit 24 from eacti of the partial conduits 26 at opposing ends of the block. Each web 28 is located spaced from a respective end of the block by approximately one quarter of a length of the block in the longitudinal direction so that the resutting space between the webs 28 locating the central conduit is approximately equal to double the space between each web 28 and the respective end of the block locating the partial conduits.
Fastener apertures 30 are also formed in the block for slidably receiving the masonry fasteners 14 therethrough. Each of the fastener apertures 30 comprises a through bore extending from the top side 19 to the bottom side 20 of the block. A
counter bore 32 is formed at the bottom side of each fastener aperture 30 which is slightly larger in diameter than the through bore of the fastener apertures.
The counter bore 32 extends axially less then half a depth of the masonry block 12.
Two fastener apertures 30 are provided at laterally spaced positions within each web 28 so that a set of four fastener apertures 30 are pnavided in each block in a rectangular configuration spaced both laterally and longitudinally relative to one another. By locating the apertures 30 spaced apart within each oi' the webs, the fastener apertures are similarly located so as to be spaced from a respective end of the block by approximately one quarter of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, the fastener apertures of the two webs are spaced apart from one another approximately twice the distance of the spacing of each fastener aperture from the respective end of the block.
Each masonry fastener 14 according to the present invention includes an integral body which corresponds approxlmately in length to a height of the block between the top and bottom sides thereof so that the fastener spans the height of the block and has some additional length for overlapping in a lengthwise direction the fastener of an adjacent row of blocks stacked thereabove when the fasteners are engaged with one another in a mating connection.
The fastener body includes an elongate shaft having an external threaded portion 34 at the bottom end. Diameter of the shaft and threaded portion 34 is approximately equal to the diameter of the through bore of the fastener apertures 30 for slidably receiving the fasteners within the apertures in use. The external threaded potion 34 comprises a machine screw fcar threaded securement to a suitable mating nut.
A nut portion 36 is provided at the top end of the fastener body which has a hexagonal cross section similar to conventional nuts for example for gripping with a wrench or socket tool and the fike. Length and diameter of the nut portlon 36 is approximately equal to or less than the respective length and diameter of the counter bore 32 so that the nut portion is receive within the counter bore when stacking blocks. The through bore and counter bore of the fastener apertures 30 are close enough in dimensions to the shaft defining the threaded portion 34 and the nut portion 36 of the masonry fasteners to provide a snug fit of the fasteners within the apertures to maintain proper alignment of the masonry blocks 12 relative to adjacent blocks.
The nut portion 36 includes an intemally threaded bore 38 at the top end which is suitably sized for mating engagement with the threaded portion 34 of another masonry fastener 14 of identical configuration. A washer 40 is located between the nut portion 26 and the shaft defining the threaded portion 34 for abutment against the top side of the masonry block 12 which receives the threaded portion 34 through one of the fastener apertures 30 therein. An engaging surface of the washer 40, which faces the threaded portion and which lies perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the fastener, is flat for abutment with the masonry block 12.
DETAIl.ED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the accompanying figures there is illustrated a masonry wall system generally indicated by reference numeral 10. The system 10 includes a plurality of masonry blocks 12 which are mechanically coupled to one another using masonry fasteners 14 as described herein.
Each masonry block 12 comprises a rectangular body of pre-cast concrete which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between opposing ends 16 of the body. The height and lateral width transverse to the longiitudinal direction are approximately equal to one another, having dimensions each of approximately millimetres while the length is approximately double. The blocks each include flat side walls 18 which form the surfaces of the wall structure being formed when the blocks are stacked on top of one another. Each block also includes aflat top side 19 and a flat bottom side 20 which permits stacking of the blocks on top of the other.
Each block includes a centrally located round conduit 24 having a diameter which is more than half of the width of the block which extends through the block from the top side to the bottom side thereof. The conduit is centered both laterally and longitudinally. Each end 16 of the block also includes a partial conduit 26 which comprises a channel open to the exterior end of the block and which is shaped to correspond to half of the cross sectional shape of the central round conduit 24.
Accordingly when two blocks are abutted in an end to end configuration two partial canduits 26 are opened to one another and form an assembled conduit which is identical in cross section to the central round conduit 24.
Two webs 28 are integrally formed in each block to span between the opposing sides 18 of the block to divide the central conduit 24 from eacti of the partial conduits 26 at opposing ends of the block. Each web 28 is located spaced from a respective end of the block by approximately one quarter of a length of the block in the longitudinal direction so that the resutting space between the webs 28 locating the central conduit is approximately equal to double the space between each web 28 and the respective end of the block locating the partial conduits.
Fastener apertures 30 are also formed in the block for slidably receiving the masonry fasteners 14 therethrough. Each of the fastener apertures 30 comprises a through bore extending from the top side 19 to the bottom side 20 of the block. A
counter bore 32 is formed at the bottom side of each fastener aperture 30 which is slightly larger in diameter than the through bore of the fastener apertures.
The counter bore 32 extends axially less then half a depth of the masonry block 12.
Two fastener apertures 30 are provided at laterally spaced positions within each web 28 so that a set of four fastener apertures 30 are pnavided in each block in a rectangular configuration spaced both laterally and longitudinally relative to one another. By locating the apertures 30 spaced apart within each oi' the webs, the fastener apertures are similarly located so as to be spaced from a respective end of the block by approximately one quarter of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, the fastener apertures of the two webs are spaced apart from one another approximately twice the distance of the spacing of each fastener aperture from the respective end of the block.
Each masonry fastener 14 according to the present invention includes an integral body which corresponds approxlmately in length to a height of the block between the top and bottom sides thereof so that the fastener spans the height of the block and has some additional length for overlapping in a lengthwise direction the fastener of an adjacent row of blocks stacked thereabove when the fasteners are engaged with one another in a mating connection.
The fastener body includes an elongate shaft having an external threaded portion 34 at the bottom end. Diameter of the shaft and threaded portion 34 is approximately equal to the diameter of the through bore of the fastener apertures 30 for slidably receiving the fasteners within the apertures in use. The external threaded potion 34 comprises a machine screw fcar threaded securement to a suitable mating nut.
A nut portion 36 is provided at the top end of the fastener body which has a hexagonal cross section similar to conventional nuts for example for gripping with a wrench or socket tool and the fike. Length and diameter of the nut portlon 36 is approximately equal to or less than the respective length and diameter of the counter bore 32 so that the nut portion is receive within the counter bore when stacking blocks. The through bore and counter bore of the fastener apertures 30 are close enough in dimensions to the shaft defining the threaded portion 34 and the nut portion 36 of the masonry fasteners to provide a snug fit of the fasteners within the apertures to maintain proper alignment of the masonry blocks 12 relative to adjacent blocks.
The nut portion 36 includes an intemally threaded bore 38 at the top end which is suitably sized for mating engagement with the threaded portion 34 of another masonry fastener 14 of identical configuration. A washer 40 is located between the nut portion 26 and the shaft defining the threaded portion 34 for abutment against the top side of the masonry block 12 which receives the threaded portion 34 through one of the fastener apertures 30 therein. An engaging surface of the washer 40, which faces the threaded portion and which lies perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the fastener, is flat for abutment with the masonry block 12.
Using the masonry wall system 10, a wall structure can be erected in which masonry blocks 12 are mechanically joined by masonry fasteners 14 as described herein. A base of concrete 42 is first formed where the wall is to be erected.
Fasteners 14 are embedded in the concrete when the concrete is still wet. The fasteners 14 are embedded such that the threaded portion 34 is embedded Into the concrete but the nut portion extends above the top surface of thie concrete. A
retention nut 44 can be secured to the bottom end of the threaded portion 34 prior to insertion of the fasteners into the wet concrete, The fasteners are suitably spaced from one another for alignment with the fastener apertures 30 of the first row of blocks to be formed.
The first row is formed by placing the blocks in an end to end configuration in a longitudinal direction of the blocks so that the partial conduits 26 of each block join with those of adjacent blocks to form complete conduits. The counter bores 32 are inserted overtop of the nut portions 42 which project up and outwardly from the concrete base once the base has cured. The blocks in the first row are secured in place by inserting the threaded portion 34 of a masonry fastener 14 into each of the fastener apertures 30 so that the bottom end is matingly engaged with the internally threaded bore 38 of the fasteners embedded in the concrete therebelow.
As the fasteners 14 reGeived through the blocks are threaded into the fasteners therebelow and tightened in place, the washer 40 and nut portion 36 thereabove clamp down on to the top side of the blocks. The close fit of the fasteners with respect to the through bore and oounter bore of the fastener apertures 30 assists in proper alignment of the masonry blocks.
Each subsequent row is place above the previous row by sequentially placing the masonry blocks in an end to end configuration in a longitudinal din,ction of the blocks along the previous row. The frst block is positioned so as to be offset in a longltudinal direction by half a block length relative to the previous row to form a staggered pattem. Due to the spacing of the conduits and fastener apertures, each pair of joined partial conduits 26 aligns with a central round conduit 24 of the rows 5 thereabove and therebelow.
Similarly the fastener apertures of each masonry block align with fastener apertures of two separate blocks in the rows immediately above and below.
As each subsequent row is formed, the masonry fasteners inserted therein are threadably engaged with the fasteners of the pervious row and tightened untll the nut 10 porhon thereof clamps down onto the top surface of the respective blocks.
The location of the masonry fasteners permits the first row of blocks to be anchored to the concrete base forming a supporting surface of the wall while eacti block in the subsequent rows is anchored to two adjacent blocks in the row above and two adjacent blocks in the row below. Accordingly, the finished wall structure includes 15 biocks which are sufficiently interconnected by mechanical fasteners to be self supporting without any grout materiai being required to join the blocks.
As described herein, the masonry wall system 10 (or mortarless block wall) consists of a masonry block 12 and a masonry fastener 14 comprising a steel connector. Construction of the block wall starts with first installing a connector to a concrete base (concrete wall, slab, footing, etc) with a base steel connector.
This base steel connector is either installed in wet concrete (not hardened yet) or installed in cured conorete (hardened concrete). If the base steel connector is installed in wet concrete, a nut is placed at the and of the steel connector to increase the tensile anchorage strength of the steel connector. If the steel connector is installed in cured concrete, then an oversized hole is drilled in the concrete and the connector is installed with an epoxy grout in the hole with the connector. In either Installation of the base connector, care is required to place the connector in the correct location.
Once the base connector is installed, the standard masonry blocks 12 are installed over the base connector. The standard steel connectors are then inserted in the top of the masonry block (or unit) and after the wall has been straightened and plumbed, the steel connectors are tightened snug. After the first masonry course is placed the second course is installed and again the steel connectors are inserted in the top of the masonry unit. Again after the second course of masonry units have been straightened and plumbed, the steel wnne+ctors are tightened snug. The process is continued until the full height of the wall is completed.
A form can be placed at the ends of the wall, or at an opening, etc and the rough openings or ends of the wall can be finished with concrete. To achieve a greater fire resistance in the mortarless biock wall, the vertical and horizontal joints in the wall can be caulked with a fire retardant caulking. The caulking serves another purpose, to straighten out vertical block unevenness.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as herein above described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without department from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
Fasteners 14 are embedded in the concrete when the concrete is still wet. The fasteners 14 are embedded such that the threaded portion 34 is embedded Into the concrete but the nut portion extends above the top surface of thie concrete. A
retention nut 44 can be secured to the bottom end of the threaded portion 34 prior to insertion of the fasteners into the wet concrete, The fasteners are suitably spaced from one another for alignment with the fastener apertures 30 of the first row of blocks to be formed.
The first row is formed by placing the blocks in an end to end configuration in a longitudinal direction of the blocks so that the partial conduits 26 of each block join with those of adjacent blocks to form complete conduits. The counter bores 32 are inserted overtop of the nut portions 42 which project up and outwardly from the concrete base once the base has cured. The blocks in the first row are secured in place by inserting the threaded portion 34 of a masonry fastener 14 into each of the fastener apertures 30 so that the bottom end is matingly engaged with the internally threaded bore 38 of the fasteners embedded in the concrete therebelow.
As the fasteners 14 reGeived through the blocks are threaded into the fasteners therebelow and tightened in place, the washer 40 and nut portion 36 thereabove clamp down on to the top side of the blocks. The close fit of the fasteners with respect to the through bore and oounter bore of the fastener apertures 30 assists in proper alignment of the masonry blocks.
Each subsequent row is place above the previous row by sequentially placing the masonry blocks in an end to end configuration in a longitudinal din,ction of the blocks along the previous row. The frst block is positioned so as to be offset in a longltudinal direction by half a block length relative to the previous row to form a staggered pattem. Due to the spacing of the conduits and fastener apertures, each pair of joined partial conduits 26 aligns with a central round conduit 24 of the rows 5 thereabove and therebelow.
Similarly the fastener apertures of each masonry block align with fastener apertures of two separate blocks in the rows immediately above and below.
As each subsequent row is formed, the masonry fasteners inserted therein are threadably engaged with the fasteners of the pervious row and tightened untll the nut 10 porhon thereof clamps down onto the top surface of the respective blocks.
The location of the masonry fasteners permits the first row of blocks to be anchored to the concrete base forming a supporting surface of the wall while eacti block in the subsequent rows is anchored to two adjacent blocks in the row above and two adjacent blocks in the row below. Accordingly, the finished wall structure includes 15 biocks which are sufficiently interconnected by mechanical fasteners to be self supporting without any grout materiai being required to join the blocks.
As described herein, the masonry wall system 10 (or mortarless block wall) consists of a masonry block 12 and a masonry fastener 14 comprising a steel connector. Construction of the block wall starts with first installing a connector to a concrete base (concrete wall, slab, footing, etc) with a base steel connector.
This base steel connector is either installed in wet concrete (not hardened yet) or installed in cured conorete (hardened concrete). If the base steel connector is installed in wet concrete, a nut is placed at the and of the steel connector to increase the tensile anchorage strength of the steel connector. If the steel connector is installed in cured concrete, then an oversized hole is drilled in the concrete and the connector is installed with an epoxy grout in the hole with the connector. In either Installation of the base connector, care is required to place the connector in the correct location.
Once the base connector is installed, the standard masonry blocks 12 are installed over the base connector. The standard steel connectors are then inserted in the top of the masonry block (or unit) and after the wall has been straightened and plumbed, the steel connectors are tightened snug. After the first masonry course is placed the second course is installed and again the steel connectors are inserted in the top of the masonry unit. Again after the second course of masonry units have been straightened and plumbed, the steel wnne+ctors are tightened snug. The process is continued until the full height of the wall is completed.
A form can be placed at the ends of the wall, or at an opening, etc and the rough openings or ends of the wall can be finished with concrete. To achieve a greater fire resistance in the mortarless biock wall, the vertical and horizontal joints in the wall can be caulked with a fire retardant caulking. The caulking serves another purpose, to straighten out vertical block unevenness.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as herein above described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without department from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (31)
1. A masonry block in combination with a plurality of masonry fasteners, for use in a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces;
the masonry block comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure, the upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction such that the lateral direction extends between the opposing flat sides which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration.
the masonry block comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure, the upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction such that the lateral direction extends between the opposing flat sides which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration.
2. The combination according to Claim 1 wherein each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block.
3. The combination according to Claim 2 wherein a length and a diameter of the counter bore are respectively equal to or greater than a length and a diameter of the nut portion of the fastener.
4. The combination according to either one of Claims 2 or 3 wherein there is provided a flat washer between the nut portion and the externally threaded portion which is greater in diameter than the counter bore.
5. The combination according to any one of Claims 1 through 4 wherein the fastener apertures are spaced both in the longitudinal direction and laterally relative to the longitudinal direction from one another.
6. The combination according to any one of Claims 1 through 5 wherein the fastener apertures are spaced from each end of the block by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction of the block.
7. The combination according to any one of Claims 1 through 6 wherein a pair of laterally spaced fastener apertures are spaced from each end of the block by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction of the block.
8. The combination according to any one of Claims 1 through 7 wherein the block includes a pair of web portions spanning between the side walls and defining a central conduit extending through the block from the top side to the bottom side of the block between the web portions and a pair of partial conduits formed at opposing ends of the blocks between each web portion and a respective end of the block, the partial conduits each comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit, wherein the fastener apertures are located in each web portion.
9. A masonry wall system comprising rows of masonry blocks supported one above the other to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces in which each masonry block is connected to at least one masonry block immediately therebelow by a plurality of masonry fasteners:
each masonry block comprising:
a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block and forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the blocks, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides of the blocks which form the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body which engages a top side of the respective masonry block;
an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body in mating engagement with the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener received through said at least one masonry block immediately therebelow.
each masonry block comprising:
a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block and forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block and receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the blocks, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides of the blocks which form the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and each masonry fastener comprising:
an elongate body;
a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body which engages a top side of the respective masonry block;
an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body in mating engagement with the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener received through said at least one masonry block immediately therebelow.
10. The system according to Claim 9 wherein each fastener aperture Includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block.
11. The system according to Claim 10 wherein a length and a diameter of the counter bores are respectively equal to or greater than a length and a diameter of the nut portion of the fasteners.
12. The system according to either one of Claims 10 or 11 wherein there is provided a flat washer between the nut portion and the externally threaded portion of each fastener aperture which is greater in diameter than the counter bores.
13. The system according to any one of Claims 9 through 12 wherein the fastener apertures are spaced both in the longitudinal direction and laterally relative to the longitudinal direction from one another within each block.
14. The system according to any one of Claims 9 through 13 wherein the fastener apertures of each block are spaced from each end of the block by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction of the block.
15. The system according to any one of Claims 9 through 14 wherein the fastener apertures of each block comprise a pair of laterally spaced fastener apertures spaced from each end of the block by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the block in the longitudinal direction of the block.
16. The system according to any one of Claims 9 through 15 wherein each block includes a pair of web portions spanning between the side walls and defining a central conduit extending through the block from the top side to the bottom side of the block between the web portions and a pair of partial conduits formed at opposing ends of the blocks between each web portion and a respective end of the block, the partial conduits each comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit, wherein the fastener apertures are located in each web portion.
17. The system according to Claim 16 wherein at least some of the fastener apertures are spaced from one another in the lateral direction within each of the web portions.
18. The system according to any one of Claims 9 through 17 wherein each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block, the counter bore snugly receiving the nut portion of a respective fastener therein.
19. A method of assembling a masonry wall on a supporting surface in which the masonry wall has a pair of opposing surfaces, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of masonry blocks, each comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein, at least some of the fastener apertures for receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
providing a plurality of masonry fasteners, each comprising an elongate body; a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
forming the supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of a first row of blocks;
forming the first row of blocks by placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along the supporting surface such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
anchoring each of the masonry blocks of the first row to the supporting surface using the masonry fasteners by:
inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective one of the fastener apertures until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block; and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete by fastening the externally threaded portion of the masonry fasteners in the first row of blocks to the embedded masonry fasteners;
forming subsequent rows of blocks in which each subsequent row is formed by:
placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along a previous row of blocks with the fastener apertures of the masonry blocks being aligned with respective fastener apertures of the previous row of blocks such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall; and connecting each of the masonry blocks to the masonry blocks of the previous row of blocks using the masonry fasteners by inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective fastener aperture until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block and the externally threaded portion is threadably received in the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener in the previous row of blocks; and inserting the masonry fasteners into the masonry blocks such that each masonry block includes at least two masonry fasteners therein which are spaced apart from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing upright flat sides of the masonry block which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall.
providing a plurality of masonry blocks, each comprising a rectangular body with upright flat sides spanning in a longitudinal direction of the block for forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall, and a plurality of fastener apertures formed in the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving respective ones of the plurality of masonry fasteners therein, at least some of the fastener apertures for receiving the masonry fasteners therein being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing flat sides forming the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
providing a plurality of masonry fasteners, each comprising an elongate body; a nut portion adjacent a top end of the elongate body; an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion; and an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
forming the supporting surface of concrete with some of the masonry fasteners embedded therein for alignment with the fastener apertures of a first row of blocks;
forming the first row of blocks by placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along the supporting surface such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall;
anchoring each of the masonry blocks of the first row to the supporting surface using the masonry fasteners by:
inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective one of the fastener apertures until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block; and anchoring the masonry fasteners received in the first row of blocks to the masonry fasteners embedded in the concrete by fastening the externally threaded portion of the masonry fasteners in the first row of blocks to the embedded masonry fasteners;
forming subsequent rows of blocks in which each subsequent row is formed by:
placing the masonry blocks sequentially in an end to end configuration along a previous row of blocks with the fastener apertures of the masonry blocks being aligned with respective fastener apertures of the previous row of blocks such that the flat sides form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall; and connecting each of the masonry blocks to the masonry blocks of the previous row of blocks using the masonry fasteners by inserting each externally threaded portion through a respective fastener aperture until the nut portion engages the top side of the respective block and the externally threaded portion is threadably received in the internally threaded bore of the respective masonry fastener in the previous row of blocks; and inserting the masonry fasteners into the masonry blocks such that each masonry block includes at least two masonry fasteners therein which are spaced apart from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing upright flat sides of the masonry block which form the opposing surfaces of the masonry wall.
20. The method according to Claim 19 wherein each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block,
21. The method according to Claim 20 wherein a length and a diameter of the counter bore are respectively equal to or greater than a length and a diameter of the nut portion of the fastener.
22. The method according to either one of Claims 20 or 21 wherein there is provided a flat washer between the nut portion and the externally threaded portion which is greater in diameter than the counter bore.
23. A masonry block for use with threaded masonry fasteners having a nut portion and a threaded portion to form a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction extending between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the threaded portions of the masonry fasteners therethrough;
each fastener aperture including a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the nut portions of the masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures including the counter bore formed at the bottom side thereof being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction and extending between the opposing, upright side walls for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure.
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction extending between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure; and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from a top side to a bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the threaded portions of the masonry fasteners therethrough;
each fastener aperture including a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block for receiving a respective one of the nut portions of the masonry fasteners therein;
at least some of the fastener apertures including the counter bore formed at the bottom side thereof being spaced from one another in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction and extending between the opposing, upright side walls for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure.
24. The block according to Claim 23 wherein at least some of the fastener apertures are spaced in the longitudinal direction relative to one another.
25. The block according to either one of Claims 23 or 24 wherein the fastener apertures are located adjacent the side walls.
26. The block according to any one of Claims 23 through 25 wherein the fastener apertures are spaced from each end of the body by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the body in the longitudinal direction.
27. The block according to any one of Claims 23 through 26 wherein a pair of the fastener apertures spaced from one another in the lateral direction are spaced from each end of the body by approximately 1/4 of a total length of the body in the longitudinal direction.
28. The block according to any one of Claims 23 through 27 in combination with the plurality of threaded masonry fasteners, each fastener comprising:
an elongate body substantially corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
the threaded portion being externally threaded near a bottom end of the elongate body;
the nut portion being formed near a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration;
wherein the counter bores and the nut portions are near one another in diameter for receiving the nut portion of one of the fasteners in each counter bore.
an elongate body substantially corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
the threaded portion being externally threaded near a bottom end of the elongate body;
the nut portion being formed near a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration;
wherein the counter bores and the nut portions are near one another in diameter for receiving the nut portion of one of the fasteners in each counter bore.
29. A masonry block for use with threaded masonry fasteners for forming a masonry wall structure having a pair of opposing surfaces, the block comprising:
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure, and a pair of web portions spanning in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls;
a central conduit extending through the body from a top side to a bottom side of the body between the web portions;
a pair of partial conduits extending through the body from the top side to the bottom side of the body at the ends of the body, each partial conduit being located between a respective one of the web portions and a respective one of the ends of the body and substantially comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit;
and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from the top side to the bottom side of the block;
each fastener aperture being arranged for receiving one of the threaded masonry fasteners therethrough in the masonry wall structure;
the fastener apertures being located in each web portion of the body;
and at least some of the fastener apertures being spaced from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls of the body.
a rectangular body which is elongate in a longitudinal direction between ends of the body, the body having a pair of opposing, upright side walls spanning in the longitudinal direction between the ends for forming the opposing surfaces of the wall structure, and a pair of web portions spanning in a lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls;
a central conduit extending through the body from a top side to a bottom side of the body between the web portions;
a pair of partial conduits extending through the body from the top side to the bottom side of the body at the ends of the body, each partial conduit being located between a respective one of the web portions and a respective one of the ends of the body and substantially comprising half of a cross-sectional area of the central conduit;
and a plurality of fastener apertures formed through the rectangular body to extend from the top side to the bottom side of the block;
each fastener aperture being arranged for receiving one of the threaded masonry fasteners therethrough in the masonry wall structure;
the fastener apertures being located in each web portion of the body;
and at least some of the fastener apertures being spaced from one another in the lateral direction extending between the opposing, upright side walls of the body.
30. The block according to Claim 29 in combination with a plurality of threaded masonry fasteners, each fastener comprising:
an elongate body substantially corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion formed near a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration;
wherein the fastener apertures each include a counter bore of increased diameter formed at the bottom side of the body, the counter bores and the nut portions being near one another in diameter for receiving the nut portion of one of the fasteners in each counter bore.
an elongate body substantially corresponding in length to a height between the top and bottom sides of the block;
an externally threaded portion near a bottom end of the elongate body;
a nut portion formed near a top end of the elongate body; and an internally threaded bore formed in the nut portion at the top end of the elongate body which is suitably sized to operatively receive the externally threaded portion of an additional masonry fastener of identical configuration;
wherein the fastener apertures each include a counter bore of increased diameter formed at the bottom side of the body, the counter bores and the nut portions being near one another in diameter for receiving the nut portion of one of the fasteners in each counter bore.
31. The block according to Claim 30 wherein each fastener aperture includes a counter bore formed at the bottom side of the block.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002511630A CA2511630C (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2005-07-06 | Masonry wall system |
| US11/410,897 US20070017176A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2006-04-26 | Masonry wall system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002511630A CA2511630C (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2005-07-06 | Masonry wall system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2511630A1 CA2511630A1 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
| CA2511630C true CA2511630C (en) | 2008-10-14 |
Family
ID=37545777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002511630A Expired - Fee Related CA2511630C (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2005-07-06 | Masonry wall system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070017176A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2511630C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU200968U1 (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-20 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" | Masonry of walls made of cellular concrete blocks with their fixation along the seam |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7934345B2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2011-05-03 | Marsh Roger F | Systems for building construction by attaching blocks with bolts and vertically spaced flat bars |
| US8893447B1 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2014-11-25 | J Kevin Harris | Use devices for mechanically secured block assembly systems |
| US9206597B2 (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2015-12-08 | 3B Construction Solutions, Inc. | Unitized post tension block system for masonry structures |
| US8594118B2 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2013-11-26 | General Instrument Corporation | Method and apparatus for configuring logical channels in a network |
| AU2007317627A1 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-15 | Patricia M. Marsh | Post tension block system with superstrongbloks |
| US8099918B2 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2012-01-24 | Marsh Roger F | Special and improved configurations for unitized post tension block systems for masonry structures |
| US20090041551A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Kelly Morrell | Retaining wall with rear pin system |
| US20100132298A1 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2010-06-03 | Sci Materials | Retaining wall block and system |
| US8863476B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2014-10-21 | Gary Summers | Building block system |
| US8201370B1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2012-06-19 | Goodwin Aaron G | Building block assembly |
| US8667750B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2014-03-11 | Tie-Cast Systems, Inc. | Masonry reinforcement system |
| US8863464B2 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2014-10-21 | Joe Balducci, JR. | Interlocking masonry unit |
| US8820024B1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-02 | Mohammad A. H. S. H. Abdullah | Wall building system and method |
| US9574340B1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-02-21 | Marrk Scoggins | Protective enclosure for concrete anchor bolts |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1499483A (en) * | 1923-02-13 | 1924-07-01 | James H Simms | Wall construction |
| US3777431A (en) * | 1972-03-29 | 1973-12-11 | T Bowman | Erectable and disassemblable partition and panel therefor |
| DE19502979A1 (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-08 | Bodo Zschoppe | Dry block building kit for wall |
| JP3280561B2 (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 2002-05-13 | 株式会社アールシーコア | How to assemble log walls for log houses and bolts for tying logs |
| US6244009B1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-06-12 | Dominic Cerrato | Flexible interlocking wall system |
| US6588972B1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-07-08 | Selectech Inc. | Standoff block |
-
2005
- 2005-07-06 CA CA002511630A patent/CA2511630C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-04-26 US US11/410,897 patent/US20070017176A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU200968U1 (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-20 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" | Masonry of walls made of cellular concrete blocks with their fixation along the seam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070017176A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| CA2511630A1 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |