CA2494873C - Apparatus and method for charging and discharging a capacitor - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for charging and discharging a capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2494873C
CA2494873C CA002494873A CA2494873A CA2494873C CA 2494873 C CA2494873 C CA 2494873C CA 002494873 A CA002494873 A CA 002494873A CA 2494873 A CA2494873 A CA 2494873A CA 2494873 C CA2494873 C CA 2494873C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
smart material
power source
circuitry
material actuator
transformer
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002494873A
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French (fr)
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CA2494873A1 (en
Inventor
Mark Oudshoorn
Donald Vandersluis
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VIKING TECHNOLOGIES LC
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VIKING TECHNOLOGIES LC
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Publication of CA2494873A1 publication Critical patent/CA2494873A1/en
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Publication of CA2494873C publication Critical patent/CA2494873C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M3/3385—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M3/3387—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for electrically stimulating a smart material includes a controllable power source for charging the smart material and/or switching circuitry for discharging the smart material. The controllable power source includes a regulated DC to DC converter having controllable drive circuitry associated therewith. The drive circuitry can be self-oscillating through associated feedback means. The switching circuitry can be responsive to one or more control signals.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CHARGING
AND DISCHARGING A CAPACITOR
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to electronic methods and circuits for controlling general-purpose smart material based actuators.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Actuator technologies are being developed for a wide range of applications.
One example includes a mechanically leveraged smart material actuator that changes shape in response to electrical stimulus. Since this shape change is generally effectuated predominantly along a single axis, such actuators can be used to perform work on associated mechanical systems including a lever in combination with some main support structure. Changes in axial displacement are magnified by the lever to create an actuator with a useful amount of displacement and force. This displacement and force is useful for general-purpose industrial valves, beverage dispensers, compressors or pumps, brakes, door locks, electric relays, circuit breakers, and most applications employing a solenoid type actuator. Smart materials, however, piezoelectric specifically, can require hundreds of volts to actuate and cause displacement. This type of voltage may not be readily available and may have to be derived from a lower voltage as one would find with a battery.
[0003] Another characteristic of piezoelectric materials is that the materials are capacitive in nature. Moreover, a single actuator is often controlled using two separate signals: a main supply and a ground using watts of energy during the moment of actuation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present invention provides a simple low power, and cost-effective means to drive a mechanically leveraged smart material actuator including a specialized power source operatively connected to switching circuitry.
[0005] The specialized power source of the present invention includes a controllable power source, regulated direct current {DC} to {DC} converter, to apply a known voltage potential across a smart material and thereby converting a control voltage to a level suitable for the smart material. Thus, according to the present invention, the control and main supply signals are combined into one conductor. This permits the proposed invention to be retrofit into present control systems, directly replacing existing actuators.
[0006] The present invention further provides an apparatus comprising a smart material actuator, a controllable power source for charging the smart material actuator, switching circuitry for discharging the smart material actuator and a switch for activating an input voltage to the controllable power source. The input voltage simultaneously provides a switching control signal for preventing the switching circuitry from discharging the smart material actuator.
[0007] According to a first embodiment of the invention, the controllable power source is a regulated DC to DC converter that includes a transformer having primary and secondary windings. The primary winding of the transformer, in turn, is coupled to controllable drive circuitry for generating drive signals 180 out of phase with one another.
To this end, the controllable power source operates in a binary manner: either supplying a known stimulating voltage potential across the smart material, or shorting across the smart material. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drive circuitry of the controllable power source can further include feedback means such that the circuitry is self-oscillating. The feedback means can further include push-pull circuitry as well as an auxiliary winding associated with the transformer. The push-pull circuitry can further include a pair of negative positive negative (NPN) transistors.
[0008] A rectifier may further be associated with the secondary winding of the transformer for generating a DC voltage from an alternating current {AC}
signal associated with the secondary winding. Noise reduction circuitry can also be coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer for filtering noise that may be generated by the controllable drive circuitry.
[0009] An apparatus for driving a smart material actuator according to the present invention thus includes a controllable power source for charging the smart material actuator and switching circuitry coupled between the controllable power source and the smart material actuator such that the switching circuitry discharges the smart material actuator upon removal of an input voltage to the controllable power source.
The rate of the discharge of the smart material actuator is determined by the impedance of the switching circuitry whereas the rate of charge of the controllable power source is determined by the impedance of the controllable power source.
[0010] A method for driving a smart material actuator according to the present invention thus comprises:
charging the smart material actuator with a controllable power source connectible to the smart material actuator; and discharging the smart material actuator in response to removal of an input voltage to the controllable power source with a switching circuitry coupled between the controllable power source and the smart material actuator.
[0010A] Other applications of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art when the following description of the best mode contemplated for practicing the invention is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The description herein makes reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and wherein:
[0012] Fig. 1 is an electronic schematic of a controllable power source according to the present invention;
[0013] Fig. 2 is an electronic schematic of a first embodiment of switching circuitry according to the present invention;
[0014] Fig. 3 is an electronic schematic of a second embodiment of switching circuitry according to the present invention;
[0015] Fig. 4 is an electronic schematic of an apparatus for driving a smart material actuator implementing the controllable power source of Fig. 1 and the switching circuitry of Fig. 2; and [0016] Fig. 5 is an electronic schematic of an apparatus for driving a smart material actuator implementing the switching circuit of Fig. 3 and the DC to DC converter of Fig. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0017] Fig. 1 is an electronic schematic diagram illustrating a controllable power source 10, where a known voltage source 12 of known potential is connected to a reverse protection diode 14 which feeds a bead inductor 16. The bead inductor 16 acts as a filter to remove noise generated by a collector of an NPN
transistor 18 into the voltage source 12. The NPN transistor 18 and an NPN transistor 20 form a push-pull driver for a transformer 22. Resistors 24, 26, 28, 30 form a resistive voltage divider and set the basic bias points for the NPN transistors 18, 20.
The transformer 22 is wound not only with primary and secondary windings 22a and 22b but also an auxiliary winding 22c. The auxiliary winding 22c on the transformer 22, resistors 32, 34, 28, and capacitors 36, 38 form feedback means for creating oscillation on a base of the NPN transistors 18, 20. The oscillation is 180 degrees out of phase between the two NPN transistors 18, 20 forming a self-oscillating push-pull transformer driver. The secondary winding 22b of transformer 22 is connected to a rectifier 40, which is connected to a bead inductor 42 and a capacitive load 44, in this case a piezoelectric smart material actuator. The bead inductor 42 acts as a filter to remove noise generated by the oscillation of the circuit and feeds the capacitive load 44. A Zener diode 46 acts as feedback means through a current limiting resistor 48.
When the Zener voltage is exceeded, a transistor 50 is turned on causing the base of the transistor 20 to be grounded and stopping the self-oscillating mechanism.
[0018] Referring now to Fig. 2, switching circuitry 11 for discharging a smart material actuator capacitive load 58 is shown. When a switch 52 is closed, current flows from a voltage source 54 through the switch 52 and through the bead inductor 56 for charging the capacitive load 58, in this case a piezoelectric smart material actuator. Also, current flows into a resistive divider network 60 driving an NPN
transistor 62 on, which turns an NPN Darlington pair 64 off. The rate of charge is determined by the impedance of the bead inductor 56, the resistor 66 and the capacitive load 58. When the switch 52 is opened, the current stops flowing in the capacitive load 58 and the NPN transistor 62 is turned off and turning the NPN
Darlington pair 64 on, causing current to flow through the resistor 66 for discharging the capacitive load 58. The rate of discharge is determined by the resistor 66 and the capacitive load 58. The resistor 68 and the base of NPN transistor 62 serve as a level translator between the switched voltage source 54 and a control signal;
therefore the resistor 68 and the base of NPN transistor 62 do not have to have the same voltage levels or voltage swings.
[0019] Referring now to Fig. 3, a second embodiment of switching circuitry 111 for discharging a smart material actuator capacitive load 158 is shown.
When the switch 152 is closed, current flows into the voltage divider network 160 turning the NPN transistor 162 on, causing current to flow through the resistor 70, turning the NPN Darlington transistor pair 164 off, and the positive negative positive {PNP}
transistor 72 on, causing current to flow through the resistor 166 for discharging capacitive load 158. The rate of discharge is determined by the resistor 166 and the capacitive load 158. When the switch 152 is open, the base of the NPN
transistor 162 turns the NPN transistor 162 off, allowing current to flow through the resistor 70 to the base of the PNP transistor 72, turning the PNP transistor off, and the NPN
Darlington pair 164 sources current to the capacitive load 158 through the resistor 74.
The rate of charge is determined by the resistor 74 and the capacitive load 158. The resistor 70 and the NPN transistor 162 serve as a level translator between the voltage source 154 and a control signal generated by the closure of switch 154, for example;
therefore, the resistor 70 and the base of NPN transistor 162 do not have to have the same voltage levels or voltage swings.
[0020] Referring now to Fig. 4, a preferred embodiment of a driver for a smart material actuator capacitive load 76 according to the present invention includes, a controllable power source 10a and switching circuitry l la. An input voltage source 12a is applied to the controllable power source 10a and at the same time the switch circuit 11 a is disabled and the capacitive load 76 is charged. When the input voltage source 12a is removed, the controllable power source l0a is stopped and the switch circuit 11a is enabled and the capacitive load 76 is discharged. The actual impedance of the controllable power source 10a controls the rate at which the capacitive load 76 is charged and the impedance of the switch circuit 11 a controls the rate which the capacitive load 76 is discharged.
[0021] Referring now to Fig. 5, a second embodiment of a driver for a smart material actuator according to the present invention includes a controllable power source l Ob and switching circuitry 111 a, 11 lb, 111 c, 111 d, 111 e, 11 lf.
An input voltage source 12b is applied to the controllable power source 10b. The voltage to be switched is generated continually. When the control signal (not shown) to the switch circuits 1 I 1 a, I 1 1 b, I I 1 c, I 1 I d, 1 I l e, 1 I 1 f is low, the NPN
Darlington p air 164a of each respective circuit 11 l a, 11 l b, 111 c, 111 d, 11 le, 111 f, but shown only in circuit 11 la, is enabled and each respective capacitive load is charged. When the control signal is high, the switch circuit 111 a, 111 b, 111 c, 1 I 1 d, 111 e, 111 f and the PNP
transistor 72a of each respective unit I I 1 a, 11 Ib, 1 I 1 c, 111 d, I I I
e, I I If is enabled and the capacitive load is discharged, but shown only in each respective circuit 11 la, Illb, lllc, Illd, 111e, Illf.
[0022] In the embodiment of Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, various components were included according to the current carrying ability, voltage rating, and type of the components. Other suitable components can include Field Effect Transistor {FET}
and bipolar junction transistor {BJT} small signal and power transistors, wire wound, thin film and carbon comp resistors, ceramic, tantalum and film capacitors, wound, and Low Temperature cofred ceramic {LTCC} transformers, or any combination of suitable components commonly used for high volume production. Although these materials given as examples provide excellent performance, depending on the requirements of an application, use of other combinations of components can be appropriate. Likewise, the embodiment illustrates components that are commercially available.
[0023] While the invention has been described in conjunction with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, which scope is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures as permitted under law.

Claims (30)

What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus comprising:
a smart material actuator;
a controllable power source for charging the smart material actuator;
switching circuitry for discharging the smart material actuator; and a switch for activating an input voltage to the controllable power source, the input voltage simultaneously providing a switching control signal for preventing the switching circuitry from discharging the smart material actuator.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controllable power source includes a DC-to-DC converter having a transformer including primary and secondary windings and controllable drive circuitry coupled to the primary winding of the transformer for generating drive signals 180 degrees out of phase with one another.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controllable drive circuitry is self-oscillating.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the self-oscillating drive circuitry further comprises feedback means for delivering a feedback signal, the feedback means including push-pull circuitry and an auxiliary winding associated with the transformer.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the push-pull circuitry includes a pair of NPN
transistors.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a rectifier associated with the secondary winding of the transformer for generating a DC voltage from an AC
signal associated with the secondary winding.
7. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising noise reduction circuitry coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer for filtering noise generated by the controllable drive circuitry.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the noise reduction circuitry includes a bead inductor and a bypass capacitor.
9. The apparatus of claim 3 further comprising means for enabling the self-oscillating driver.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the means for enabling includes voltage feedback means for feeding back voltage.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the voltage feedback means includes a Zener diode.
12. The apparatus of claim 4 further comprising means for biasing the push-pull circuitry.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the means for biasing includes a voltage divider.
14. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the DC-to-DC converter further comprises means for reverse polarity protection associated with an input to the DC-to-DC
converter.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the means for protecting reverse polarity is a diode.
16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a rate of discharge is determined by an impedance of the switching circuitry.
17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a rate of charge is determined by an impedance of the controllable power source.
18. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the transformer is of wound core design.
19. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the transformer is of LTCC design.
20. An apparatus for driving a smart material actuator comprising:
a controllable power source connectible to the smart material actuator for charging the smart material actuator; and a switching circuitry coupled between the controllable power source and the smart material actuator for discharging the smart material actuator in response to removal of an input voltage to the controllable power source.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the switching circuitry is responsive to a single controlled input signal.
22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the switching circuitry is responsive to one of a plurality of controlled input signals.
23. A method for driving a smart material actuator comprising the steps of:
charging the smart material actuator with a controllable power source connectible to the smart material actuator; and discharging the smart material actuator in response to removal of an input voltage to the controllable power source with a switching circuitry coupled between the controllable power source and the smart material actuator.
24. The method of claim 23 further comprising the step of generating drive signals 180 degrees out of phase with one another where the controllable power source includes a DC
to DC converter having a transformer including primary and secondary windings and controllable drive circuitry coupled to the primary winding of the transformer.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the controllable drive circuitry is self-oscillating.
26. The method of claim 25 further comprising the step of delivering a feedback signal derived from push-pull circuitry and an auxiliary winding associated with the transformer.
27. The method of claim 23 further including the step of generating a DC
voltage from an AC signal associated with the secondary winding of the transformer by using a rectifier associated with the secondary winding.
28. The method of claim 23 further including the step of reducing noise generated by the controllable drive circuitry by coupling noise reduction circuitry to the secondary winding of the transformer.
29. The method of claim 23 further including the step of determining the rate of discharge by an impedance of the switching circuitry.
30. The method of claim 23 further including the step of determining the rate of charge by an impedance of the controllable power source.
CA002494873A 2002-09-05 2003-07-17 Apparatus and method for charging and discharging a capacitor Expired - Fee Related CA2494873C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40827702P 2002-09-05 2002-09-05
US60/408,277 2002-09-05
PCT/US2003/022289 WO2004023635A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2003-07-17 Apparatus and method for charging and discharging a capacitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2494873A1 CA2494873A1 (en) 2004-03-18
CA2494873C true CA2494873C (en) 2009-10-27

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EP (1) EP1563597A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4274373B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1679226A (en)
AU (1) AU2003259143A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2494873C (en)
WO (1) WO2004023635A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103150077B (en) * 2013-03-29 2020-01-03 苏州瀚瑞微电子有限公司 Circuit arrangement
CN108712107B (en) * 2018-05-28 2019-08-13 深圳市浩博高科技有限公司 A kind of circuit powered with transient electric-energy to single-chip microcontroller and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59188657U (en) * 1983-06-01 1984-12-14 オムロン株式会社 Piezoelectric element drive circuit
JPS63283228A (en) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-21 Max Co Ltd System for driving capacitive load
JPH02197256A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-08-03 Sony Corp Power supply circuit
US4973876A (en) * 1989-09-20 1990-11-27 Branson Ultrasonics Corporation Ultrasonic power supply
JPH05300737A (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-11-12 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Constant-voltage dc power supply apparatus
JPH0623983A (en) * 1992-07-06 1994-02-01 Seiko Epson Corp Ink jet recorder
JP3214961B2 (en) * 1993-08-31 2001-10-02 株式会社デンソー Piezoelectric element driving device
JP3045215B2 (en) * 1993-12-30 2000-05-29 サンケン電気株式会社 Resonant switching power supply
JPH07213061A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-08-11 Hitachi Commun Syst Inc Small switching power unit
US5604673A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-02-18 Hughes Electronics Low temperature co-fired ceramic substrates for power converters
JPH09247931A (en) * 1996-03-13 1997-09-19 Tec Corp Switching power supply
DE19931235C2 (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-08-30 Siemens Ag Method and device for loading a capacitive actuator
FR2796219B1 (en) * 1999-07-09 2001-09-21 Renault DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR
DE19952950A1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2001-06-07 Siemens Ag Control unit for a capacitive actuator

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Publication number Publication date
AU2003259143A1 (en) 2004-03-29
JP4274373B2 (en) 2009-06-03
CN1679226A (en) 2005-10-05
WO2004023635A1 (en) 2004-03-18
CA2494873A1 (en) 2004-03-18
JP2005538671A (en) 2005-12-15
EP1563597A1 (en) 2005-08-17

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