CA2480083A1 - Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2480083A1
CA2480083A1 CA002480083A CA2480083A CA2480083A1 CA 2480083 A1 CA2480083 A1 CA 2480083A1 CA 002480083 A CA002480083 A CA 002480083A CA 2480083 A CA2480083 A CA 2480083A CA 2480083 A1 CA2480083 A1 CA 2480083A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
flow passage
capillary flow
fuel
liquid fuel
control valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002480083A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2480083C (en
Inventor
Francis Murphy Sprinkel
John Baron
Jan-Roger Linna
Peter Loftus
Peter Palmer
John Paul Mello
Stuart Bennett Sprague
Roberto O. Pellizzari
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2480083A1 publication Critical patent/CA2480083A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2480083C publication Critical patent/CA2480083C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/04—Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/003—Adding fuel vapours, e.g. drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/007—Cleaning
    • F02M65/008—Cleaning of injectors only

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injector for vaporizing a liquid fuel for use in an internal combusti on engine. The fuel injector includes at least one capillary flow passage (12) , the at least one capillary flow passage (12) having an inlet end (14) and an outlet end (16), the capillary flow passage comprises a channel formed withi n a monolithic body produced from a material selected from the group consistin g of ceramics, polymers, metals and composites thereof or a multi-layer cerami c body, a fluid control valve (18) for placing the inlet end of the at least o ne capillary flow passage (12) in fluid communication with the liquid fuel sour ce and introducing the liquid fuel in a substantially liquid state, a heat sour ce (20) arranged along the at least one capillary flow passage, the heat source (20) operable to heat the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage (12) to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from the liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passag e.

Claims (20)

1. A fuel injector for vaporizing a liquid fuel for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising:
(a) at least one capillary flow passage, said at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, said capillary flow passage comprising a channel formed within a monolithic body produced from a material selected from the group consisting of ceramics, polymers, metals and composites thereof or a multi-layer ceramic body;
(b) a fluid control valve for placing said inlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with the liquid fuel source and introducing the liquid fuel in a substantially liquid state; and (c) a heat source arranged along said at least one capillary flow passage, said heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in said at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from the liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage.
2. The fuel injector of claim 1, wherein said capillary flow passage is formed within a ceramic body.
3. The fuel injector of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
(d) means for cleaning deposits formed during operation of the apparatus.
4. The fuel injector of claim 3, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes said fluid control valve, said heat source and an oxidizer control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with an oxidizer, said heat source also being operable to heat the oxidizer in said at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to oxidize deposits formed during the heating of the liquid fuel, wherein said oxidizer control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with an oxidizer is operable to alternate between the introduction of liquid fuel and the introduction of oxidizer into said capillary flow passage and enable in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the oxidizer is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
5. The fuel injector of claim 4, wherein said at least one capillary flow passage comprises a plurality of capillary flow passages, each of said capillary flow passages being in fluid communication with a supply of fuel and a supply of oxidizing gas, said fluid control valve and said oxidizer control valves being constituted by a single valve mechanism operated by a controller.
6. The fuel injector of claim 4 or 5, wherein the oxidizer comprises air, exhaust gas, steam and mixtures thereof.
7. The fuel injector of claim 3, wherein said means for cleaning deposits comprises means for abrading deposits formed during operation of the apparatus.
8. The fuel injector of claim 3, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes said fluid control valve and a solvent control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with a solvent, said solvent control valve disposed at one end of said at least one capillary flow passage, and wherein said solvent control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with a solvent is operable to alternate between the introduction of liquid fuel and the introduction of solvent into said capillary flow passage and enable in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the solvent is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
9. The fuel injector of claim 3, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes said fluid control valve, said fluid control valve operable for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with a solvent, enabling in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the solvent is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
10. The fuel injector of claim 9, wherein the solvent comprises liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source and wherein the heat source is phased-out during cleaning of said capillary flow passage.
11. The fuel injector of any preceding claim, further comprising a nozzle to atomize a portion of the liquid fuel.
12. The fuel injector of any preceding claim, further including a solenoid to actuate said fluid control valve for placing said inlet end in fluid communication with the liquid fuel supply.
13. The fuel injector of any preceding claim, wherein said fluid control valve comprises a solenoid-activated valve stem having a valve element at said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage to open and close said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage.
14. The fuel injector of any preceding claim, further comprising a non-capillary liquid fuel flow passage, said non-capillary liquid fuel flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, said inlet end in fluid communication with the liquid fuel supply, said non-capillary liquid fuel flow passage having a fuel injector nozzle at said outlet end.
15. The fuel injector of claim 1, wherein said heat source includes a resistance heater.
16. A fuel system for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising:
(a) a plurality of fuel injectors, each injector including (i) at least one capillary flow passage said at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, said capillary flow passage comprising a channel formed within a monolithic body produced from a material selected from the group consisting of ceramics, polymers, metals and composites thereof or a multi-layer ceramic body; (ii) a fluid control valve for placing said inlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with the liquid fuel source and introducing the liquid fuel in a substantially liquid state; and (iii) a heat source arranged along the at least one capillary flow passage, said heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in said at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from the liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage;
(b) a liquid fuel supply system in fluid communication with said plurality of fuel injectors; and (c) a controller to control the supply of fuel to said plurality of fuel injectors.
17. The fuel system of claim 16, wherein said capillary flow passage is formed within a ceramic body.
18. The fuel system of claim 16 or 17, further comprising means for cleaning deposits formed during operation of the apparatus.
19. A method of delivering fuel to an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of:
(a) supplying liquid fuel to at least one capillary flow passage of a fuel injector;
(b) causing a stream of substantially vaporized fuel to pass through an outlet of the at least one capillary flow passage by heating the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage; and (c) delivering the vaporized fuel to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
wherein the capillary flow passage comprises a channel formed within a monolithic body produced from a material selected from the group consisting of ceramics, polymers, metals and composites thereof or a multi-layer ceramic body.
20. The method of claim 46, further comprising cleaning periodically the at least one capillary flow passage.
CA2480083A 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related CA2480083C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36712102P 2002-03-22 2002-03-22
US60/367,121 2002-03-22
PCT/US2003/009128 WO2003083281A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2480083A1 true CA2480083A1 (en) 2003-10-09
CA2480083C CA2480083C (en) 2012-01-24

Family

ID=28675323

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2480083A Expired - Fee Related CA2480083C (en) 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1488098B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4323325B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100764529B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100379978C (en)
AT (1) ATE366361T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003223348A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0308625B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2480083C (en)
DE (1) DE60314737T2 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04009181A (en)
WO (1) WO2003083281A1 (en)

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US7357124B2 (en) 2002-05-10 2008-04-15 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Multiple capillary fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
US7237539B2 (en) * 2003-10-30 2007-07-03 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Control method and apparatus for use in an alcohol fueled internal combustion engine
US7337768B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2008-03-04 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Multiple capillary fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
US7766251B2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2010-08-03 Delavan Inc Fuel injection and mixing systems and methods of using the same
US7444230B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2008-10-28 Transonic Combustion, Inc. Fuel injector having algorithm controlled look-ahead timing for injector-ignition operation
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US20140116032A1 (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-01 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Injector with Capillary Aerosol Generator
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CN105386913B (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-09-22 吉林大学 A kind of GDI fuel injectors of utilization PTC thermal sensitive ceramicses heating
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0308625B1 (en) 2012-03-06
DE60314737T2 (en) 2007-10-18
CN1653261A (en) 2005-08-10
DE60314737D1 (en) 2007-08-16
AU2003223348A1 (en) 2003-10-13
KR100764529B1 (en) 2007-10-09
WO2003083281A1 (en) 2003-10-09
KR20050002880A (en) 2005-01-10
CN100379978C (en) 2008-04-09
EP1488098A1 (en) 2004-12-22
ATE366361T1 (en) 2007-07-15
EP1488098B1 (en) 2007-07-04
MXPA04009181A (en) 2005-06-20
JP2005520989A (en) 2005-07-14
JP4323325B2 (en) 2009-09-02
BR0308625A (en) 2007-01-09
CA2480083C (en) 2012-01-24

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Effective date: 20160324