CA2469341A1 - Electron collector - Google Patents
Electron collector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2469341A1 CA2469341A1 CA002469341A CA2469341A CA2469341A1 CA 2469341 A1 CA2469341 A1 CA 2469341A1 CA 002469341 A CA002469341 A CA 002469341A CA 2469341 A CA2469341 A CA 2469341A CA 2469341 A1 CA2469341 A1 CA 2469341A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- collector
- heat pipe
- assembly
- electron
- dielectric fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/027—Collectors
- H01J23/033—Collector cooling devices
Landscapes
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
- Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
An electron collector assembly for an electron beam tube comprises an electron collector (2), which is at least partially surrounded by dielectric material, such as a dielectric fluid (5). A heat pipe (6), in communication with the dielectric fluid, is provided. Heat energy from the collector is transferred to the dielectric fluid, and hence to the heat pipe. By pumping coolant through the heat pipe, heat energy is removed from the vicinity of the collector. Previous proposals for cooling electron collectors necessarily involved non-conducting fluids as coolants. The provision of a dielectric fluid as an intermediary between the collector and the heat pipe allows greater freedom in the choice of coolant.
Description
ELECTRON COLLECTOR
This invention relates to electron collector assemblies for electron beam tubes.
Electron beam tube devices, such as klystrons, travelling wave tubes (TWTs), inductive output tubes, etc, conventionally comprise four basic elements. Those elements are: an electron gun, an RF interaction circuit, a magnetic beam focussing arrangement and a collector assembly, which comprises an electron beam collector.
The function of the electron beam collector is to collect the electron beam and dissipate the remaining beam energy. Introducing a plurality of collector stages can increase the efficiency of an electron beam tube. This arrangement allows for the collection of lowest energy electrons at the first stage, with higher energy electrons being collected at stages that are depressed at a higher bias. The term "depressed" refers to the practice of introducing a potential difference between the collector stage and the interaction circuit.
As the electron beam passes through the RF interaction circuit, the beam usually loses some of its original energy. However, at least half of the original beam energy is maintained until the beam impinges on the collector. The absorption of the electron beam energy causes the collector to heat, thereby requiring the collector to be cooled.
In conventional electron beam devices, cooling is carried out using non-conducting coolant, such as de-ionised water. The use of such coolant prevents corrosion of the collector electrodes. However, use of these coolants typically involves other devices, CONFIRMATION COPY
_u , ,j t5 t34~?OCI~'' . CD~~f15 ,, .::.
16-I~PR-2004 11 ~ ~8 FRC1M REDD I E 8~ GR05E ' TO 004q89~'3994465 ~ P . 03i'06 2 w v . ~...~: v,-<~-: . .
r~ F~"
such as five de-ionising systems and further requires high levels of maintenance'of the cooling system, including regular and thorough cleaning.
The invention provides an electron collector assembly for an electron beam tube, the assembly comprising an electron collector at least partiahy surrounded by dielectric_ffuid and a heat pipe in communication with the dielectric fluid, the dielectric fluid acting as an intermediary between the collector and a coolant in the heat pipe.
The provision of a dielectric fluid as an intermediary between the collector and a coolant in the heat pipe allows far greater freedom in the choice of coolant.
The invention obviates the need for non-conducting coolants, and the complex apparatus associated therewith.
Preferably, the material is a fluid, such as ail.
Advantagaausly, the heat,pipe is located adjacent the collector. The heat pipe may take the form of a helix, with the collector being located in the coils of the helix.
A pump may be provided to pump coolant into and through the heat pipe.
Cooling may be further improved by the addition of one or mere fins on the heat pipe, in order to increase the effective surtace area available. ~ , . , Empf .zei t: l6~'04f2004 T2:20 ;,AIVIENDEp..~HEET X00 F.003 The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing. The drawing, Figure 1, is a partly sectional view of a collector assembly constructed according to the invention.
Referring to Figure l, there is shown a collector assembly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. The assembly 1 is part of an electron beam tube device (not shown). The collector assembly includes an electron collector 2. The collector 2 is a mufti-stage depressed collector, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be used in conjunction with any type of electron collector. Insulating material 3 is provided on some regions of the collector 2, for electrical insulation purposes.
The electron collector 2 is contained within an enclosure 4. In accordance with the invention, the enclosure 4 is at least partially filled with a material 5 having dielectric properties. In this embodiment, the dielectric material 5 comprises a fluid.
In use, as the collector heats up, heat energy is transferred to the dielectric fluid 5.
The collector assembly 1 is also provided with a heat pipe 6. In this embodiment, the heat pipe 6 is helical, and is arranged around, and coaxially with, the electron collector 2. The broken lines in the drawing show parts of the electron collector 2 behind the heat pipe 6. The heat pipe has an inlet 7 and an outlet i~. In use, coolant is introduced into the heat pipe at the inlet 7. Coolant is then pumped through the heat pipe 6, to the outlet ~, in order to remove heat from the dielectric fluid 5. As the coolant is not in direct communication with the collector 2, the user is not restricted to non-conducting coolant.
,., ~ , . . ~Y~i~d~~~J~
z .
16-APR-40H4 11:28 Y~FROM REDDIE ~ GRBSE TCI 004989239944E5 P.~4~06 More readily available and/or efficient coolant may be used, such as ordinary water yr a mixture of water and an alcohol, such as glycol..
An air gap 9 may ba provided in the enclosure 4 containing the dielectric fluid 5 in order to allow far expansion of the fluid.
The invention has been described with reference to employing a dielectric fluid.
In the case that a fluid dielectric is used, a pump may be provided in order to circulate the dielectric, thus errsuring~intimate contact of the dielectric with the heat.pipe.
Further variations may be made without departing from the ~scvpe of the invention, Far example, the heat pipe may take the form of a snaking Tube , running from top to bottom of the colfectvr enclosure, and around its inside a diameter. In addition, or alternatively, fins may be provided for the heat pipe in order to increase its effective surface area, and hence its efficiency.
The invention allows surplus heat energy to be removed from the electron collector of a beam tube device without danger of corrosion of the collector electrodes or elec#ricaf conductivity between the coolant and electrodes, both of which were problems hitherto.
Em~frGPl~~16f041~Q04 1~:2D AMENDEp SHf~,~'~a80 P-Md
This invention relates to electron collector assemblies for electron beam tubes.
Electron beam tube devices, such as klystrons, travelling wave tubes (TWTs), inductive output tubes, etc, conventionally comprise four basic elements. Those elements are: an electron gun, an RF interaction circuit, a magnetic beam focussing arrangement and a collector assembly, which comprises an electron beam collector.
The function of the electron beam collector is to collect the electron beam and dissipate the remaining beam energy. Introducing a plurality of collector stages can increase the efficiency of an electron beam tube. This arrangement allows for the collection of lowest energy electrons at the first stage, with higher energy electrons being collected at stages that are depressed at a higher bias. The term "depressed" refers to the practice of introducing a potential difference between the collector stage and the interaction circuit.
As the electron beam passes through the RF interaction circuit, the beam usually loses some of its original energy. However, at least half of the original beam energy is maintained until the beam impinges on the collector. The absorption of the electron beam energy causes the collector to heat, thereby requiring the collector to be cooled.
In conventional electron beam devices, cooling is carried out using non-conducting coolant, such as de-ionised water. The use of such coolant prevents corrosion of the collector electrodes. However, use of these coolants typically involves other devices, CONFIRMATION COPY
_u , ,j t5 t34~?OCI~'' . CD~~f15 ,, .::.
16-I~PR-2004 11 ~ ~8 FRC1M REDD I E 8~ GR05E ' TO 004q89~'3994465 ~ P . 03i'06 2 w v . ~...~: v,-<~-: . .
r~ F~"
such as five de-ionising systems and further requires high levels of maintenance'of the cooling system, including regular and thorough cleaning.
The invention provides an electron collector assembly for an electron beam tube, the assembly comprising an electron collector at least partiahy surrounded by dielectric_ffuid and a heat pipe in communication with the dielectric fluid, the dielectric fluid acting as an intermediary between the collector and a coolant in the heat pipe.
The provision of a dielectric fluid as an intermediary between the collector and a coolant in the heat pipe allows far greater freedom in the choice of coolant.
The invention obviates the need for non-conducting coolants, and the complex apparatus associated therewith.
Preferably, the material is a fluid, such as ail.
Advantagaausly, the heat,pipe is located adjacent the collector. The heat pipe may take the form of a helix, with the collector being located in the coils of the helix.
A pump may be provided to pump coolant into and through the heat pipe.
Cooling may be further improved by the addition of one or mere fins on the heat pipe, in order to increase the effective surtace area available. ~ , . , Empf .zei t: l6~'04f2004 T2:20 ;,AIVIENDEp..~HEET X00 F.003 The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing. The drawing, Figure 1, is a partly sectional view of a collector assembly constructed according to the invention.
Referring to Figure l, there is shown a collector assembly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. The assembly 1 is part of an electron beam tube device (not shown). The collector assembly includes an electron collector 2. The collector 2 is a mufti-stage depressed collector, although it will be appreciated that the invention may be used in conjunction with any type of electron collector. Insulating material 3 is provided on some regions of the collector 2, for electrical insulation purposes.
The electron collector 2 is contained within an enclosure 4. In accordance with the invention, the enclosure 4 is at least partially filled with a material 5 having dielectric properties. In this embodiment, the dielectric material 5 comprises a fluid.
In use, as the collector heats up, heat energy is transferred to the dielectric fluid 5.
The collector assembly 1 is also provided with a heat pipe 6. In this embodiment, the heat pipe 6 is helical, and is arranged around, and coaxially with, the electron collector 2. The broken lines in the drawing show parts of the electron collector 2 behind the heat pipe 6. The heat pipe has an inlet 7 and an outlet i~. In use, coolant is introduced into the heat pipe at the inlet 7. Coolant is then pumped through the heat pipe 6, to the outlet ~, in order to remove heat from the dielectric fluid 5. As the coolant is not in direct communication with the collector 2, the user is not restricted to non-conducting coolant.
,., ~ , . . ~Y~i~d~~~J~
z .
16-APR-40H4 11:28 Y~FROM REDDIE ~ GRBSE TCI 004989239944E5 P.~4~06 More readily available and/or efficient coolant may be used, such as ordinary water yr a mixture of water and an alcohol, such as glycol..
An air gap 9 may ba provided in the enclosure 4 containing the dielectric fluid 5 in order to allow far expansion of the fluid.
The invention has been described with reference to employing a dielectric fluid.
In the case that a fluid dielectric is used, a pump may be provided in order to circulate the dielectric, thus errsuring~intimate contact of the dielectric with the heat.pipe.
Further variations may be made without departing from the ~scvpe of the invention, Far example, the heat pipe may take the form of a snaking Tube , running from top to bottom of the colfectvr enclosure, and around its inside a diameter. In addition, or alternatively, fins may be provided for the heat pipe in order to increase its effective surface area, and hence its efficiency.
The invention allows surplus heat energy to be removed from the electron collector of a beam tube device without danger of corrosion of the collector electrodes or elec#ricaf conductivity between the coolant and electrodes, both of which were problems hitherto.
Em~frGPl~~16f041~Q04 1~:2D AMENDEp SHf~,~'~a80 P-Md
Claims (13)
1. An electron collector assembly for an electron beam tube, the assembly comprising an electron collector at least partially surrounded by dielectric fluid and a heat pipe in communication with the dielectric fluid, the dielectric fluid acting as an intermediary between the collector and a coolant in the heat pipe.
2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, in which the dielectric fluid is oil.
3. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the heat pipe is located adjacent the collector.
4. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the heat pipe is helical and is located around the collector.
5. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising means arranged to pump coolant through the heat pipe.
6. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising at least one fin for the heat pipe.
7. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising an enclosure for the collector and fluid, with an air gap being provided for the fluid.
8. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising a pump arranged to circulate the dielectric fluid.
9. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the electron collector comprises a plurality of stages.
10. An electron beam tube including an electron collector assembly as claimed in any preceding claim.
11. Apparatus for cooling an electron collector of an electron beam tube, the apparatus comprising dielectric fluid in communication with the collector and a heat pipe in communication with the dielectric fluid.
12. A method of cooling an electron collector of an electron beam tube, comprising the steps of at least partially surrounding the collector with a dielectric fluid and providing a heat pipe in communication with the dielectric fluid.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising the step of pumping coolant through the heat pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0128922.2A GB0128922D0 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | Electron collector |
| GB0128922.2 | 2001-12-04 | ||
| PCT/GB2002/005459 WO2003049133A2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-04 | Electron collector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2469341A1 true CA2469341A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
Family
ID=9926914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002469341A Abandoned CA2469341A1 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-04 | Electron collector |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050062381A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1451845B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1599944A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE300096T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002352352A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2469341A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60205133T2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB0128922D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003049133A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2428513A (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-31 | E2V Tech | Collector cooling arrangement |
| CN104465847B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of electron collector based on stress distribution realizes method |
| CN104485274B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-02-22 | 清华大学 | Electron collector implementing method |
| CN104599924B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-10-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of multistage interacting system helix TWT |
| CN107331591B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of high-power stable state gyrotron electron gun combination cooling device |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3169206A (en) * | 1959-08-06 | 1965-02-09 | Varian Associates | High frequency tube method and apparatus |
| US3751802A (en) * | 1970-12-02 | 1973-08-14 | Litton Systems Inc | Method of manufacturing a ceramic ball insulated depressed collector for a microwave tube |
| DE2646498C2 (en) * | 1976-10-14 | 1978-09-07 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Electron beam catcher, especially for time-of-flight tubes, and method for its production |
| JPS55136461A (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-10-24 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | Alkaline storage battery |
| US4601331A (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1986-07-22 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Multiple heat pipes for linear beam tubes having common coolant and vaporizing surface area enhancement |
| US5025193A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1991-06-18 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Beam collector with low electrical leakage |
| JPH01309233A (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron beam tube |
| US5493178A (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1996-02-20 | Triton Services, Inc. | Liquid cooled fluid conduits in a collector for an electron beam tube |
| FR2737042B1 (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 2004-07-23 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | MULTI-STAGE ELECTRON COLLECTOR SUPPORTING HIGH VOLTAGES AND ELECTRONIC TUBE PROVIDED WITH SUCH A COLLECTOR |
| US5995585A (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-11-30 | General Electric Company | X-ray tube having electron collector |
| US6429589B2 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2002-08-06 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Oil-cooled multi-staged depressed collector having channels and dual sleeves |
-
2001
- 2001-12-04 GB GBGB0128922.2A patent/GB0128922D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-12-04 EP EP02788072A patent/EP1451845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-04 AT AT02788072T patent/ATE300096T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-04 US US10/497,710 patent/US20050062381A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-04 AU AU2002352352A patent/AU2002352352A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-04 GB GB0228265A patent/GB2387713A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-04 WO PCT/GB2002/005459 patent/WO2003049133A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-04 DE DE60205133T patent/DE60205133T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-04 CA CA002469341A patent/CA2469341A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-04 CN CN02824045.6A patent/CN1599944A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE300096T1 (en) | 2005-08-15 |
| WO2003049133A3 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| US20050062381A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| WO2003049133A2 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
| EP1451845A2 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| DE60205133D1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
| AU2002352352A8 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| GB0228265D0 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
| EP1451845B1 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
| GB0128922D0 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| GB2387713A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| AU2002352352A1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| CN1599944A (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| DE60205133T2 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |