CA2465709A1 - Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide fixation and separation - Google Patents

Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide fixation and separation Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2465709A1
CA2465709A1 CA002465709A CA2465709A CA2465709A1 CA 2465709 A1 CA2465709 A1 CA 2465709A1 CA 002465709 A CA002465709 A CA 002465709A CA 2465709 A CA2465709 A CA 2465709A CA 2465709 A1 CA2465709 A1 CA 2465709A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
catalyst
photolytic
light
photo
carbon dioxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002465709A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2465709C (en
Inventor
Bruce F. Monzyk
Eric C. Burckle
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Battelle Memorial Institute Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/920,385 external-priority patent/US6866755B2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2465709A1 publication Critical patent/CA2465709A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2465709C publication Critical patent/CA2465709C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/32—Oxygenators without membranes
    • A61M1/327—Oxygenators without membranes using catalytic production of oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B13/00—Special devices for ventilating gasproof shelters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
    • B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/60—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by adding oxygen

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for oxygenating an enclosed space as well as removing carbon dioxide from the enclosed space.

Claims (32)

1. A photolytic apparatus for oxygenating and removing carbon dioxide from a confined volume area comprising:
a photolytic cell having an anode compartment with a photo-active surface having the ability to convert water to oxygen; and, a cathode compartment having the ability to convert carbon dioxide to a solid or liquid medium; and a light source for providing light photons to said photolytic cell and activating the photo-reactive surface.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said photo-reactive surface comprises a light-activated catalyst.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said light activated catalyst is a metal oxide catalyst comprising anatase (TiO2), WO3 or ZnO, combinations thereof, with or without performance enhancing dopants.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said light source is an ultraviolet light at 350-500 nm.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said light-activated catalyst converts, when photolytically irradiated, water to hydrogen ions, electrons and active oxygen.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said active oxygen formed during photolysis is hydrogen peroxide or other forms of oxygen gas precursors.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said electrons generated during photolysis are then electrically conducted away to avoid reversal of the reaction.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said active oxygen formed during photolysis is converted by a disproportionation catalyst into dissolved oxygen.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said disproportionation catalyst is MnO2.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide is converted to a carbonate solid.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide is reacted with C5 pentose to produce C6 hexose.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide is converted to a C3 compound and then catalyzed to form C6 hexose.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the photo-reactive surface comprises a light transparent substrate and a photolytic coating.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said photolytic coating comprises a layer of a light activated catalyst which converts, when photolytically irradiated, water to hydrogen ions, electrons and active oxygen.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said photolytic coating further comprises a disproportionation catalyst which converts active oxygen to dissolved oxygen.
16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the anode compartment and the cathode compartment are separated by a membrane.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said membrane allows for the flow of hydrogen ions from the anode compartment to the cathode compartment.
18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the photolytic cell comprises a mesoporous material.
19. A photolytic apparatus for oxygenating and removing carbon dioxide in order to maintain a proper physiological environment comprising:
a photolytic cell having an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, a) said anode compartment having an inlet for receiving an aqueous solution, an anode conductor, a photo-reactive surface, and an outlet for transporting a dissolved oxygenated solution out of said anode compartment, wherein said photo-reactive surface has the ability, upon photo-activation, to convert water in an aqueous solution to dissolved oxygen, hydrogen ions and electrons upon light activation; b) said cathode compartment having an inlet for receiving carbon dioxide, C5 pentose, and a catalyst, a cathode conductor for converting hydrogen ions, carbon dioxide, C5 pentose and catalyst to C6 pentose, and an outlet for removing the C6 pentose from the cell and any remaining reactants; and, a light source for providing light photons to said photo-reactive surface to initiate a series of chemical reactions that results in dissolved oxygen generation in the anode compartment and C6 pentose formation in the cathode compartment.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said light photo-reactive surface comprises a layer of a light activated photolytic catalyst.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said light activated photolytic catalyst is a metal oxide comprises TiO2 (anatase), WO3 or ZnO, or combination thereof.
22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said light source is an ultraviolet light at 350-500 nm.
23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said photo-reactive surface further comprises a disproportionation catalyst.
24. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said photolytic cell comprises a transparent substrate and a photolytic coating comprising a first disposed layer of TiO2 (anatase) and a second disposed layer of MnO2.
25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said cell is constructed from mesoporous materials.
26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein said disproportionation catalyst includes at least one of Fe II, Fe III, Cu I, Cu II, Co II, Co III, Mn II, Mn III, Mn IV, and MnO2.
27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said catalyst is MnO2.
28. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said light-activated photolytic catalyst converts water into active oxygen.
29. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said disproportionation catalyst converts active oxygen to dissolved oxygen.
30. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said cell is constructed from mesoporous materials.
31. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said cell is constructed of SAMMS.
32. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the anode compartment and the cathode compartment are separated by a cationic membrane.
CA002465709A 2001-08-01 2002-08-01 Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide fixation and separation Expired - Fee Related CA2465709C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/920,385 2001-08-01
US09/920,385 US6866755B2 (en) 2001-08-01 2001-08-01 Photolytic artificial lung
US35844802P 2002-02-20 2002-02-20
US60/358,448 2002-02-20
US38897702P 2002-06-14 2002-06-14
US60/388,977 2002-06-14
US60/393,049 2002-06-20
US39304902P 2002-06-28 2002-06-28
PCT/US2002/024277 WO2003012261A2 (en) 2001-08-01 2002-08-01 Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide fixation and separation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2465709A1 true CA2465709A1 (en) 2003-02-13
CA2465709C CA2465709C (en) 2010-01-12

Family

ID=27502913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002465709A Expired - Fee Related CA2465709C (en) 2001-08-01 2002-08-01 Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide fixation and separation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7527770B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1454036B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE393650T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002335623A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2465709C (en)
DE (1) DE60226340T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2307790T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2003012261A2 (en)

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US7909788B2 (en) * 2001-08-01 2011-03-22 Battelle Memorial Institute Carbon dioxide removal from whole blood by photolytic activation
US7883610B2 (en) * 2002-08-21 2011-02-08 Battelle Memorial Institute Photolytic oxygenator with carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen separation and fixation
JP2005236038A (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-02 Ushio Inc Processing apparatus
US7727374B2 (en) * 2004-09-23 2010-06-01 Skyonic Corporation Removing carbon dioxide from waste streams through co-generation of carbonate and/or bicarbonate minerals
US20090061267A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2009-03-05 Battelle Memorial Institute Power device and oxygen generator
WO2007092570A2 (en) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 Battelle Memorial Institute Breathing air maintenance and recycle
US8227127B2 (en) * 2007-04-03 2012-07-24 New Sky Energy, Inc. Electrochemical apparatus to generate hydrogen and sequester carbon dioxide
WO2009014785A2 (en) * 2007-05-03 2009-01-29 Battelle Memorial Institute Oxygen generation for battlefield applications
AU2008302064B9 (en) 2007-09-20 2012-11-22 Skyonic Corporation Removing carbon dioxide from waste gas streams through co-generation of carbonate and/or bicarbonate minerals
CN101549167A (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 展晶科技(深圳)有限公司 Photocatalyst purification plant
US7998714B2 (en) * 2008-09-29 2011-08-16 Akermin, Inc. Process for accelerated capture of carbon dioxide
BR112012014862A2 (en) 2009-12-18 2016-03-29 Skyonic Corp carbon dioxide sequestration through the formation of group 2 carbonates and silicon dioxide
MY161228A (en) 2010-07-08 2017-04-14 Skyonic Corp Carbon dioxide sequestration involving two-salt-based thermolytic processes
WO2012129510A1 (en) 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 New Sky Energy, Inc. Sulfate-based electrolysis processing with flexible feed control, and use to capture carbon dioxide
US20130008775A1 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Osman Ahmed Photocatalytic Panel and System for Recovering Output Products Thereof
US8945368B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2015-02-03 Battelle Memorial Institute Separation and/or sequestration apparatus and methods
EP3094401A4 (en) 2014-01-17 2017-08-09 Skyonic Corporation Acid gas removal from a gaseous stream
MX2016011528A (en) 2014-04-02 2016-11-29 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Self-cleaning windows for downhole and process chemistry environment.
EP3261991B9 (en) 2015-02-23 2023-11-15 Carbonfree Chemicals Holdings, LLC Carbon dioxide sequestration with magnesium hydroxide and regeneration of magnesium hydroxide
DE102021114704B3 (en) * 2021-06-08 2022-09-08 Jassen - Kunststoffzentrum Gmbh - Apparatebau, Zuschnitte Und Formung Apparatus and method for converting ammonia from an aqueous liquid containing ammonia into molecular nitrogen

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7527770B2 (en) 2009-05-05
WO2003012261A3 (en) 2004-05-27
ATE546211T1 (en) 2012-03-15
EP1454036B1 (en) 2008-04-30
EP1454036A4 (en) 2004-11-17
AU2002335623A1 (en) 2003-02-17
DE60226340D1 (en) 2008-06-12
DE60226340T2 (en) 2009-05-28
WO2003012261A2 (en) 2003-02-13
US20050013750A1 (en) 2005-01-20
ES2307790T3 (en) 2008-12-01
EP1454036A2 (en) 2004-09-08
CA2465709C (en) 2010-01-12
ATE393650T1 (en) 2008-05-15

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Effective date: 20130801