CA2460447A1 - Three-dimensional printer - Google Patents
Three-dimensional printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2460447A1 CA2460447A1 CA002460447A CA2460447A CA2460447A1 CA 2460447 A1 CA2460447 A1 CA 2460447A1 CA 002460447 A CA002460447 A CA 002460447A CA 2460447 A CA2460447 A CA 2460447A CA 2460447 A1 CA2460447 A1 CA 2460447A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- build material
- build
- powder
- feed reservoir
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 193
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- OEWIYUQCPIHWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-isothiocyanatobenzoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N=C=S)C=C1 OEWIYUQCPIHWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000023445 Congenital pulmonary airway malformation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004890 malting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/35—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/357—Recycling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32531001P | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | |
| US60/325,310 | 2001-09-27 | ||
| PCT/US2002/031102 WO2003026876A2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | Three-dimensional printer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2460447A1 true CA2460447A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
Family
ID=23267354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002460447A Abandoned CA2460447A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | Three-dimensional printer |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1429911B8 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP4611629B2 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE549150T1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2460447A1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2387299T3 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2003026876A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (58)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060214335A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-28 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Laser sintering powder recycle system |
| CA2649840A1 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-01 | Next21 K.K. | Figure-forming composition, method for forming three-dimensional figures and three-dimensional structures by using the same |
| US7979152B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2011-07-12 | Z Corporation | Apparatus and methods for handling materials in a 3-D printer |
| WO2008023462A1 (en) | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Next21 K.K. | Bone model, bone filler and process for producing bone filler |
| WO2008065738A1 (fr) | 2006-11-11 | 2008-06-05 | The University Of Tokyo | Charge de compensation de défauts osseux, porteur à libération contrôlée et leurs méthodes de production |
| US20090321045A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Alcatel-Lucent Technologies Inc. | Monolithic structurally complex heat sink designs |
| DE102009056695B4 (de) * | 2009-12-02 | 2012-03-29 | Prometal Rct Gmbh | Druckkopf-Reinigungsvorrichtung |
| DE102012018366A1 (de) | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Vorrichtung zum lagenweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Gegenstandes |
| US9364995B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-14 | Matterrise, Inc. | Three-dimensional printing and scanning system and method |
| WO2015056232A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Xjet Ltd. | Support ink for three dimensional (3d) printing |
| MX393796B (es) | 2014-01-16 | 2025-03-24 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Generar objetos tridimensionales. |
| MX372915B (es) * | 2014-01-16 | 2020-04-27 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Generar objetos tridimensionales. |
| US10889059B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2021-01-12 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Generating three-dimensional objects |
| US10452038B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2019-10-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Build material profile |
| US10005303B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2018-06-26 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using a profilometer and predetermined test pattern printing |
| US9090113B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-07-28 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative ejectors in three-dimensional object printing using a pneumatic sensor |
| US9352572B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-05-31 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using an optical sensor and movable test substrates |
| US9168772B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-27 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in printheads ejecting clear ink using three dimensional imaging |
| US9302518B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-04-05 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using an optical sensor and reversible thermal substrates |
| US9073374B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-07-07 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using a test pattern and electrical continuity probes |
| US9067446B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-06-30 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using a test pattern and an ultrasonic sensor |
| US9162509B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-20 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in printheads ejecting clear ink using thermal substrates |
| US9126446B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-09-08 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in printheads ejecting clear ink using a rotating member having a light transmitting surface |
| US9199499B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-12-01 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using a camera and substrate roll |
| US9114652B1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-08-25 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting inoperative inkjets in printheads ejecting clear ink using heated thermal substrates |
| DE102014110156A1 (de) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-21 | Harting Electric Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Daten |
| JP6359922B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-10 | 2018-07-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 金属粉末回収供給システム及び金属粉末焼結造形物の製造方法 |
| JP2016104550A (ja) | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-09 | 株式会社リコー | 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、情報処理プログラム、および三次元造形物 |
| US9302519B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2016-04-05 | Xerox Corporation | System for detecting malfunctioning ejectors in three-dimensional object printing using specular reflectance |
| WO2016125275A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-08-11 | 富士機械製造株式会社 | データ変換装置及び積層造形システム |
| DE102015222689A1 (de) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-18 | Realizer Gmbh | Formherstellungsvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern durch ortsselektives Verfestigen von Werkstoffpulver |
| US11279088B2 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2022-03-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Purging non-fused build material |
| JP6740358B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-12 | 2020-08-12 | ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル．ピー．Ｈｅｗｌｅｔｔ‐Ｐａｃｋａｒｄ Ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ， Ｌ．Ｐ． | 構築材料供給源容器 |
| GB2550335B (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2021-12-22 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Unpacking 3D printed objects |
| CN109070477B (zh) | 2016-07-26 | 2021-04-02 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | 冷却3d打印系统中的构建材料 |
| US10773456B2 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2020-09-15 | Freshmade 3D, LLC | Process for strengthening porous 3D printed objects |
| US10974449B2 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2021-04-13 | Adira—Metal Forming Solutions, S.A. | Three-dimensional printing system |
| US20190105841A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-04-11 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Measure of the build material in a build material container |
| WO2018143948A1 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Microwave sensing in additive manufacturing |
| WO2018195187A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Desktop Metal, Inc. | Metering build material in three-dimensional (3d) printing |
| US20210221062A1 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-07-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Printers |
| US11254056B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2022-02-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Feeding mechanisms for 3D printers |
| CN108160999A (zh) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-06-15 | 广西大学 | 一种基于气压差可自动送粉的金属3d打印机 |
| WO2019133099A1 (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-04 | Desktop Metal, Inc. | System and method for controlling powder bed density for 3d printing |
| US10906249B2 (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2021-02-02 | Desktop Metal, Inc. | Method for reducing layer shifting and smearing during 3D printing |
| EP3850300A2 (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2021-07-21 | Inkbit, LLC | High-speed metrology |
| US11354466B1 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2022-06-07 | Inkbit, LLC | Machine learning for additive manufacturing |
| JP2022506523A (ja) | 2018-11-02 | 2022-01-17 | インクビット， エルエルシー | インテリジェント付加製造方法 |
| CA3118309A1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | Inkbit, LLC | Inkjet 3d printing of multi-component resins |
| US11077620B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-08-03 | Inkbit, LLC | Depth reconstruction in additive fabrication |
| AU2020205973A1 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-07-15 | Inkbit, LLC | Reconstruction of surfaces for additive manufacturing |
| CN109878089B (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江津海机械科技有限公司 | 一种多功能3d打印材料重加工装置 |
| US10994477B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-04 | Inkbit, LLC | Optical scanning for industrial metrology |
| US11712837B2 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2023-08-01 | Inkbit, LLC | Optical scanning for industrial metrology |
| US10926473B1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2021-02-23 | Inkbit, LLC | Multi-material scanning for additive fabrication |
| US10994490B1 (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2021-05-04 | Inkbit, LLC | Calibration for additive manufacturing by compensating for geometric misalignments and distortions between components of a 3D printer |
| DE102020211225B4 (de) | 2020-09-08 | 2024-05-16 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Drucktechnikvorrichtung für den Einsatz in einem 3D-Drucksystem, Druckeinheit, 3D-Drucksystem |
| CN113386239B (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-11-18 | 河北工业大学 | 多材料3d打印方法及基于该方法的微流挤出式打印机 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3002062B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-21 | 2000-01-24 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | フィルタークリーナ付衣類乾燥機 |
| WO1995034468A1 (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | Soligen, Inc. | Powder handling apparatus for additive fabrication equipment |
| US6007318A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-12-28 | Z Corporation | Method and apparatus for prototyping a three-dimensional object |
| JPH11151413A (ja) * | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-08 | Ryuuki Engineering:Kk | 集塵機のダスト排出方法 |
| JP2001133367A (ja) * | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-18 | Sony Corp | ガス検知機 |
-
2002
- 2002-09-27 EP EP02763801A patent/EP1429911B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 AT AT02763801T patent/ATE549150T1/de active
- 2002-09-27 JP JP2003530492A patent/JP4611629B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 CA CA002460447A patent/CA2460447A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-27 WO PCT/US2002/031102 patent/WO2003026876A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-27 ES ES02763801T patent/ES2387299T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005503939A (ja) | 2005-02-10 |
| ES2387299T3 (es) | 2012-09-20 |
| EP1429911B1 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
| WO2003026876A2 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
| ATE549150T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
| EP1429911A2 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
| EP1429911B8 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
| WO2003026876A3 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| JP4611629B2 (ja) | 2011-01-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |