CA2430735A1 - Mass spectrometer - Google Patents

Mass spectrometer Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2430735A1
CA2430735A1 CA 2430735 CA2430735A CA2430735A1 CA 2430735 A1 CA2430735 A1 CA 2430735A1 CA 2430735 CA2430735 CA 2430735 CA 2430735 A CA2430735 A CA 2430735A CA 2430735 A1 CA2430735 A1 CA 2430735A1
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Prior art keywords
ion guide
ion
mass spectrometer
mbar
ions
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CA 2430735
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French (fr)
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CA2430735C (en
Inventor
Robert Harold Bateman
Andrew Entwistle
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Micromass UK Ltd
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Micromass UK Ltd
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Priority claimed from GB0212634A external-priority patent/GB0212634D0/en
Application filed by Micromass UK Ltd filed Critical Micromass UK Ltd
Publication of CA2430735A1 publication Critical patent/CA2430735A1/en
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Publication of CA2430735C publication Critical patent/CA2430735C/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062—Ion guides
    • H01J49/065—Ion guides having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

A mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising an AC
or RF ion guide 1a having a plurality of plate electrodes 2 and an upper plate electrode 3 and a lower plate electrode 4. One or more channels are formed within the plate electrodes 2 so that an ion guiding region 5 is formed within the ion guide 1a. The channels and hence the ion guiding region 5 may be curved.

Claims (91)

1. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions along a first axis and an exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide along a second axis, wherein said second axis is at an angle .theta. to said first axis and wherein .theta. > 0°.
2. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein .theta. falls within the range: (i) < 10°; (ii) 10-20°; (iii) 20-30°; (iv) 30-40°; (v) 40-50°; (vi) 50-60°;
(vii) 60-70°; (viii) 70-80°; (ix) 80-90°; (x) 90-100°; (xi) 110°; (xii) 110-120°; (xiii) 120-130°; (xiv) 130-140°;
(xv) 140-150°; (xvi) 150-160°; (xvii) 160-170°; and (xviii) 170-180°.
3. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions along a first axis and an exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide along a second axis, wherein said on guide further comprises a curved ion guiding region between said entrance and said exit.
4. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said ion guiding region is substantially "S"-shaped and/or has a single point of inflexion.
5. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein said first axis is substantially parallel to said second axis.
6. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein said second axis is laterally displaced from said first axis.
7. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions along a first axis, a curved ion guiding region and an exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide along a second axis, wherein said second axis is substantially co-axial with said first axis.
8. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a device arranged at least partially outside of said ion guiding region to block particles and/or photons passing directly from said entrance to said exit.
9. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 8, wherein said device comprises a baffle, plate or electrode.
10. A mass spectrometer comprising:
a first ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said first ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from said first ion guide; and a second ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said second ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from said second ion guide.
11. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a third ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said third ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from said third ion guide.
12. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 11, further comprising a fourth ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said fourth ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from said fourth ion guide.
13. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein in a mode of operation said first ion guide and said second ion guide are maintained in use at different DC potentials so that ions exiting said first ion guide are urged into said second ion guide.
14. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein in a mode of operation said second ion guide and said third ion guide are maintained in use at different DC potentials so that ions exiting said second ion guide are urged into said third ion guide.
15. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 12, wherein in a mode of operation said third ion guide and said fourth ion guide are maintained in use at different DC
potentials so that ions exiting said third ion guide are urged into said fourth ion guide.
16. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein in a mode of operation said second ion guide is maintained at a different DC potential to said first ion guide so that ions are trapped in said first ion guide.
17. A mass spectrometer as claimed claim 11 or 12, wherein in a mode of operation said third ion guide is maintained at a different DC potential to said second ion guide so that ions are trapped in said second ion guide.
18. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 12, wherein in a mode of operation said fourth ion guide is maintained at a different DC potential to said third ion guide so that ions are trapped in said third ion guide.
19. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 10-18, wherein either said first and/or second and/or third and/or fourth ion guide comprise an ion storage region.
20. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 19, wherein in a first mode of operation said ion storage region receives ions through a single port and in a second mode of operation ions emerge from said ion storage area through said single port.
21. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having two or more entrances for receiving ions and one or more exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
22. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 21, wherein said ion guide comprises two entrances for receiving ions and one exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
23. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 21, wherein said ion guide comprises three entrances for receiving ions and one exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
24. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 21, 22 or 23, further comprising at least two ion sources, wherein ions from a first ion source enter a first entrance and ions from a second ion source enter a second entrance and wherein said first and%or said second ion source are selected from the group consisting of: (i) an Electrospray ("ESI") ion source; (ii) an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation ("APCI") ion source; (iii) an Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionisation ("APPI") ion source; (iv) a Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation ("MALDI") ion source; (v) a Laser Desorption Ionisation ("LDI") ion source; (vi) an Inductively Coupled Plasma ("ICP") ion source; (vii) an Electron Impact ("CI") ion source; (viii) a Chemical Ionisation ("CI") ion source; (ix) a Fast Atom Bombardment ("FAB") ion source; and (x) a Liquid Secondary Ions Mass Spectrometry ("LSIMS") ion source.
25. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having one or more entrances for receiving ions and two or more exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
26. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 25, wherein said ion guide comprises one entrance for receiving ions and two exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
27. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 25, wherein said ion guide comprises one entrance for receiving ions and three exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
28. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 21 or 25, wherein said ion guide comprises at least two entrances for receiving ions and at least two exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide.
29. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 28, further comprising at least two ion sources, wherein ions from a first ion source enter a first entrance and ions from a second ion source enter a second entrance and wherein said first and/or said second ion source are selected from the group consisting of: (i) an Electrospray ("ESI") ion source; (ii) an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation ("APCI") ion source; (iii) an Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionisation ("APPI") ion source; (iv) a Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation ("MALDI") ion source; (v) a Laser Desorption Ionisation ("LDI") ion source; (vi) an Inductively Coupled Plasma ("ICP") ion source; (vii) an Electron Impact ("EI") ion source; (viii) a Chemical Ionisation ("CI") ion source; (ix) a Fast Atom Bombardment ("FAB") ion source; and (x) a Liquid Secondary Ions Mass Spectrometry ("LSIMS") ion source.
30. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-29, wherein in use a beam of ions entering an entrance of said ion guide is divided into two or more beams, a first beam exiting said ion guide via a first exit and a second beam exiting said ion guide via a second exit.
31. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 30, wherein in use the ions entering an entrance of said ion guide are divided into two or more beams by one or more electrodes arranged adjacent to said entrance, one or more electrodes disposed within said ion guide or one or more electrodes arranged adjacent to an exit of said ion guide.
32. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 30 or 31, wherein said first beam comprises a percentage of the ions in said beam of ions entering said ion guide selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0-100; (ii) 10-20%; (iii) 20-30%; (iv) 30-40%; (v) 40-50%; (vi) 50-60%; (vii) 60-70%; (viii) 10-80%; (ix) 80-90%; and (x) greater than 90%.
33. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-32, wherein at least part of a beam of ions entering said ion guide is switchable to or between one of a plurality of exits.
34. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 33, wherein in use the ions entering an entrance of said ion guide are switchable to or between one of a plurality of exits by one or more electrodes arranged adjacent to said entrance, one or more electrodes disposed within said ion guide or one or more electrodes arranged adjacent to an exit of said ion guide.
35. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-34, further comprising a first ion detector disposed to receive ions exiting from a first exit and a second ion detector disposed to receive ions exiting from a second ion exit.
36. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-35, further comprising a first mass analyser disposed to receive ions exiting from a first exit and a second mass analyser disposed to receive ions exiting from a second ion exit.
37. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-34, further comprising a mass analyser disposed to receive ions exiting said ion guide from a first exit and an ion detector disposed to receive ions exiting said ion guide from a second exit.
38. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 21-34, said mass spectrometer further comprising:

an ion storage device disposed to receive ions exiting said ion guide from a first exit, said ion storage device comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, wherein in a first mode of operation a beam of ions enters said ion storage device via a port and wherein in a second mode of operation a beam of ions exits from said ion storage device via said port; and a mass analyser disposed to receive ions exiting said ion guide from a second exit.
39. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a. plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having one or more entrances for receiving ions and one or more exits from which ions emerge from said ion guide, wherein in a first mode of operation a beam of ions enters said ion guide via a first port and exits said ion guide via a second port and wherein in a second mode of operation a beam of ions enters said ion guide via said second port.
40. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 39, wherein in said second mode of operation said beam of ions exits said ion guide via said first port.
41. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 39, wherein in said second mode of operation said beam of ions exits said ion guide via a third port different from said first and said second ports.
42. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion storage device, said ion storage device comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, wherein in a first mode of operation a beam of ions enters said ion storage device via a port and wherein in a second mode of operation a beam of ions exits from said ion storage device via said same port.
43. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide, said entrance having a first cross-sectional profile and a first cross-sectional area, said exit having a second cross-sectional profile and a second cross-sectional area, wherein said first cross-sectional profile is different to said second cross-sectional profile and/or said first cross-sectional area is different to said second cross-sectional area.
44. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 43, wherein said first cross-sectional profile and/or said second cross-sectional profile have a substantially circular or oval cross-section.
45. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 43, wherein said first cross-sectional profile and/or said second cross-sectional profile have a substantially rectangular or square cross-section.
46. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 43, 44 or 45, wherein in use an ion beam is received by said ion guide, said ion beam having a third cross-sectional profile and a third cross-sectional area, wherein said first cross-sectional profile and/or said first cross-sectional area is substantially the same or similar to said third cross-sectional profile and/or said third cross-sectional area.
47. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 43-46, further comprising an ion-optical device downstream of said ion guide wherein the entrance to said ion-optical device has a fourth cross-sectional profile and a fourth cross-sectional area, wherein said second cross-sectional profile and/or said. second cross-sectional area is substantially the same or equal to said fourth cross-sectional profile and/or said fourth cross-sectional area.
48. A mass spectrometer as claimed claim 47, wherein said ion-optical device comprises a device selected from the group consisting of: (i) an ion guide having a substantially circular cross-sectional profile; (ii) a quadrupole mass filter/analyser having a substantially circular cross-sectional profile; (iii) an orthogonal acceleration Time of Flight mass analyser having a substantially square or rectangular cross-sectional profile; (iv) a magnetic sector analyser having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile; (v) a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance ("FTICR") mass analyser having a substantially circular cross-sectional profile; (vi) a 2D (linear) quadrupole ion trap having a substantially circular cross-sectional profile; and (vii) a 3D (Paul) quadrupole ion trap having a substantially circular cross-sectional profile.
49. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 43-48, wherein an ion guiding region between said entrance and said exit either: (i) varies in size and/or shape along the length of the ion guiding region; or (ii) has a width and/or height which progressively tapers in size.
50. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 43-49, wherein said ion guide further comprises a second entrance for receiving ions and/or a second exit from which ions emerge from said ion guide, said second entrance having a fifth cross-sectional profile and a fifth cross-sectional area, said second. exit having a sixth cross-sectional profile and a sixth cross-sectional area, wherein said fifth cross-sectional profile is different to said sixth cross-sectional profile and/or said fifth cross-sectional area is different to said sixth cross-sectional area.
51. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 50, wherein said first cross-sectional profile and said first cross-sectional area and/or said second cross-sectional profile and said second cross-sectional area and/or said fifth cross-sectional profile and said fifth cross-sectional area and/or said sixth cross-sectional profile and said sixth cross-sectional area are different.
52. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least 500, 60%, 70%, 30%, 90% or 95%
of said plates are substantially parallel.
53. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%
of said plates are arranged in a first plane and said ion guide is curved in said first plane.
54. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%
of said plates are arranged at an entrance of said ion guide in a first plane and said ion guide is curved in a second plane orthogonal to said first plane.
55. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%
of said plates are substantially equidistant.
56. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plurality of pate electrodes comprises 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or more than 20 plate electrodes.
57. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plate electrodes have a thickness selected from the group consisting of: (i) less than or equal to 5 mm; (ii) less than or equal to 4.5 mm; (iii) less than or equal to 4 mm; (iv) less than or equal to 3.5 mm; (v) less than or equal to 3 mm; (vi) less than or equal to 2.5 mm; (vii) less than or equal to 2 mm;
(viii) less than or equal to 1.5 mm; (ix) less than or equal to 1 mm; (x) less than or equal to 0.8 mm; (xi) less than or equal to 0.6 mm; (xii) less than or equal to 0.4 mm; (xiii) less than or equal to 0.2 mm; (xiv) less than or equal to 0.1 mm; and (xv) less than or equal to 0.25 mm.
58. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plate electrodes are spaced apart from one another by a distance selected from the group consisting of: (i) less than or equal to 5 mm; (ii) less than or equal to 4.5 mm; (iii) less than or equal to 4 mm; (iv) less than or equal to 3.5 mm; (v) less than or equal to 3 mm; (vi) less than or equal to 2.5 mm; (vii) less than or equal to 2 mm; (viii) less than or equal to 1.5 mm; (ix) less than or equal to 1 mm; (x) less than or equal to 0.8 mm; (xi) less than or equal to 0.6 mm;
(xii) less than or equal to 0.4 mm; (xiii) less than or equal to 0.2 mm; (xiv) less than or equal to 0.1 mm; and (xv) less than or equal to 0.25 mm.
59. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plate electrodes are supplied with an AC or RF voltage.
60. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 59, wherein adjacent plate electrodes are supplied with opposite phases of said AC or RF voltage.
61. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 59 or 60, wherein said AC or RF voltage has a frequency selected from the group consisting of: (i) < 100 kHz; (ii) 100-200 kHz; (iii) 200-300 kHz; (iv) 300-400 kHz; (v) 400-500 kHz; (vi) 0.5-1.0 MHz; (vii) 1.0-1.5 MHz; (viii) 1.5-2.0 MHz; (ix) 2.0-2.5 MHz; (x) 2.5-3.0 MHz; (xi) 3.0-3.5 MHz; (xii) 3.5-4.0 MHz; (xiii) 4.0-4.5 MHz;

(xiv) 4.5-5.0 MHz; (xv) 5.0-5.5 MHz; (xvi) 5.5-6.0 MHz;
(xvii) 6.0-6.5 MHz; (xviii) 6.5-7.0 MHz; (xix) 7.0-7.5 MHz; (xx) 7.5-8.0 MHz; (xxi) 8.0-8.5 MHz; (xxii) 8.5-9.0 MHz; (xxiii) 9.0-9.5 MHz; (xxiv) 9.5-10.0 MHz; and (xxv) > 10.0 MHz.
62. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 59, 60 or 61, wherein the amplitude of said AC or RF voltage is selected from the group consisting of: (i) < 50V peak to peak; (ii) 50-100V peak to peak; (iii) 100-150V peak to peak; (iv) 150-200V peak to peak; (v) 200-250V peak to peak; (vi) 250-300V peak to peak; (vii) 300-350V peak to peak; (viii) 350-400V peak to peak; (ix) 400-450V peak to peak; (x) 450-500V peak to peak; and (xi) > 500V peak to peak.
63. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) greater than or equal to 0.001 mbar; (ii) greater than or equal to 0.0005 mbar; (iii) greater than or equal to 0.001 mbar; (iv) greater than or equal to 0.005 mbar;
(v) greater than or equal to 0.01 mbar; (vi) greater than or equal to 0.05 mbar; (vii) greater than or equal to 0.1 mbar; (viii) greater than or equal to 0.5 mbar;
(ix) greater than or equal to 1 mbar; (x) greater than or equal to 5 mbar; and (xi) greater than or equal to 10 mbar.
64. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) less than or equal to 10 mbar; (ii) less than or equal to 5 mbar; (iii) less than or equal to 1 mbar; (iv) less than or equal to 0.5 mbar; (v) less than or equal to 0.1 mbar; (vi) less than or equal to 0.05 mbar; (vii) less than or equal to 0.01 mbar; (viii) less than or equal to 0.005 mbar; (ix) less than or equal to 0.001 mbar; (x) less than or equal to 0.0005 mbar; and (xi) less than or equal to 0.0001 mbar.
65. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) between 0.0001 and 10 mbar; (ii) between 0.0001 and 1 mbar; (iii) between 0.0001 and 0.1 mbar; (iv) between 0.0001 and 0.01 mbar; (v) between 0.0001 and 0.001 mbar;
(vi) between 0.001 and 10 mbar; (vii) between 0.001 and 1 mbar; (viii) between 0.001 and 0.1 mbar; (ix) between 0.001 and 0.01 mbar; (x) between 0.01 and 10 mbar; (xi) between 0.02 and 1 mbar; (xii) between 0.01 and 0.1 mbar; (xiii) between 0.1 and 10 mbar; (xiv) between 0.1 and 1 mbar; and (xv) between 1 and 10 mbar.
66. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 1-62, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) greater than or equal to 1x10 -7 mbar; (ii) greater than or equal to 5x10 -7 mbar; (iii) greater than or equal to 1x10 -6 mbar; (iv) greater than or equal to 5x10 -6 mbar;
(v) greater than or equal to 1x10 -5 mbar; and (vi) greater than or equal to 5x10 -5 mbar.
67. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 1-62, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) less than or equal to 1x10 4- mbar; (ii) less than or equal to 5x10 -5 mbar; (iii) less than or equal to 1x10 -5 mbar;
(iv) less than or equal to 5x10 -6 mbar; (v) less than or equal to 1x10 -6 mbar; (vi) less than or equal to 5x10 -7 mbar; and (vii) less than or equal to 1x10 -7 mbar.
68. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 1-62, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) between 1x10 -7 and 1x10 -4 mbar; (ii) between 1x10 -7 and 5x10 -5 mbar; (iii) between 1x10 -7 and 1x10 -5 mbar; (iv) between 1x10 -7 and 5x10 -6 mbar; (v) between 1x10 -7 and 1x10 -6 mbar; (vi) between 1x10 -7 and 5x10 -7 mbar; (vii) between 5x10 -7 and 1x10 -4 mbar; (viii) between 5x10 -7 and 5x10 -5 mbar; (ix) between 5x10 -7 and 1x10 -5 mbar; (x) between 5x10 -7 and 5x10 -6 mbar; (xi) between 5x10 -7 and 1x10 -6 mbar; (xii) between 1x10 -6 mbar and 1x10 -4 mbar;
(xiii) between 1x10 -6 and 5x10 -5 mbar; (xiv) between 1x10 -6 and 1x10 -5 mbar; (xv) between 1x10 -6 and 5x10 -6 mbar;
(xvi) between 5x10 -6 mbar and 1x10 -4 mbar; (xvii) between 5x10 -6 and 5x10 -5 mbar; (xviii) between 5x10 -6 and 1x10 -5 mbar; (xix) between 1x10 -5 mbar and 1x10 -4 mbar; (xx) between 1x10 -5 and 5x10 -5 mbar; and (xxi) between 5x10 -5 and 1x10 -4 mbar.
69. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said ion guide further comprises a first outer plate electrode arranged on a first side of said ion guide and a second outer plate electrode arranged on a second side of said ion guide.
70. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 69, wherein said first outer plate electrode a.nd/or said second outer plate electrode are arranged to be biased at a bias DC voltage with respect to the mean voltage of the plate electrodes to which an AC or RF voltage is applied.
71. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 70, where said bias voltage is selected from the group consisting of: (i) less than -10V; (ii) -9 to -8V; (iii) -8 to -7V;
(iv) -7 to -6V; (v) -6 to -5V; (vi) -5 to -4V; (vii) -4 to -3V; (viii) -3 to -2V; (ix) -2 to -1.V; (x) -1 to 0V;
(xi) 0 to 1V; (xii) 1 to 2V; (xiii) 2 to 3V; (xiv) 3 to 4V; (xv) 4 to 5V; (xvi) 5 to 6V; (xvii) 6 to 7V; (xviii) 7 to 8V; (xix) 8 to 9V; (xx) 9 to 10V; and (xxi) more than 10V.
72. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 70, wherein said first outer plate electrode and/or said second outer plate electrode are supplied in use with a DC only voltage.
73. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 70, wherein said first outer plate electrode and/or said second outer plate electrode are supplied in use with an AC or RF only voltage.
74. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 70, wherein said first outer plate electrode and/or said second outer plate electrode are supplied in use with a DC and an AC or RF voltage.
75. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 69-74, further comprising an ion and/or gas and/or laser beam port arranged in said first outer plate electrode.
76. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any of claims 69-75, further comprising an ion and/or gas and/or laser port arranged in said second outer plate electrode.
77. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein one or more of said plate electrodes is maintained in use at a different DC potential to the other plate electrodes so that a plurality of discrete ion guiding regions are formed within said ion guide.
78. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein a plurality of said plate electrodes are maintained at different DC potentials.
79. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 78, wherein said ion guide comprises a first outer portion, a second outer portion and an intermediate portion between said first and second outer portions and wherein the DC
potential at which said plate electrodes are maintained is increased in said first and/or second outer portions relative to said intermediate portion so that ions are directed back towards a central region of said ion guide.
80. A mass spectrometer as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein one or more transient DC potentials or one or more DC potential waveforms are applied to said plate electrodes.
81. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 80, wherein said one or more transient DC potentials or said one or more DC potential waveforms urge ions from one region of said ion guide to another region of said ion guide.
82. A mass spectrometer comprising an ion guide, said ion guide comprising:

a plurality of electrode layers; and a plurality of insulator layers interspersed or interleaved between said electrode layers.
83. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 82, wherein at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% of said electrode layers are arranged on or are deposited on said insulator layers.
84. A mass spectrometer comprising an AC or RF ion guide, said ion guide comprising:

a plurality of electrodes;

a plurality of insulators interspersed or interleaved between said electrodes;

wherein said electrodes are mounted on or deposited on said insulators.
85. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 82, 83 or 84, wherein said ion guide has an ion entrance and an ion exit and wherein gas molecules within said ion guide are substantially prevented from exiting said ion guide other than through said ion entrance or said ion exit.
86. A mass spectrometer comprising:
a first ion guide;
a gas collision/reaction cell;
a second ion guide downstream of said gas collision/reaction cell, said second ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes, said second ion guide having an entrance for receiving ions, an ion guiding region through said second ion guide and an exit from which ions emerge from said second ion guide, wherein there is no direct line of sight from said entrance to said exit.
87. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 86, further comprising an ion source selected from the group consisting of: (i) an Electrospray ("ESI") ion source;
(ii) an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation ("APCI") ion source; (iii) an Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionisation ("APPI") ion source; (iv) a Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation ("MALDI") ion source; (v) a Laser Desorption Ionisation ("LDI") ion source; (vi) an Inductively Coupled Plasma ("ICP") ion source; (vii) an Electron Impact ("EI") ion source; (viii) a Chemical Ionisation ("CI") ion source; (ix) a Fast Atom Bombardment ("FAB") ion source; and (x) a Liquid Secondary Ions Mass Spectrometry ("LSIMS") ion source.
88. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 86 or 87, further comprising a mass analyser arranged downstream of said second ion guide, said mass analyser selected from the group consisting of: (i) a Time of Flight mass analyser; (ii) a quadrupole mass analyser; (iii) a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance ("FTICR") mass analyser; (iv) a 2D (linear) quadrupole ion trap; (v) a 3D (Paul) quadrupole ion trap; and (vi) a magnetic sector mass analyser.
89. A method of mass spectrometry comprising:
generating ions from an atmospheric pressure ion source; and guiding said ions through an ion guide, said ion guide comprising a plurality of plate electrodes and having an entrance for receiving ions and an exit from which ions emerge from the ion guide wherein an ion guiding channel is provided in said plate electrodes and runs substantially the length of said ion guide and wherein the plate electrodes are arranged in the plane of ion travel.
90. A method of manufacturing an ion guide for a mass spectrometer, comprising:

interspersing or interleaving a plurality of electrodes with a plurality of insulators to form an ion guide having a plurality of electrodes arranged on said insulators to form an ion guide stack.
91. A method of manufacturing an ion guide for a mass spectrometer, comprising:

depositing a plurality of electrode layers on a plurality of insulator layers to form an ion guide stack having a plurality of electrode layers arranged on top of said insulator layers.
CA 2430735 2002-05-31 2003-06-02 Mass spectrometer Expired - Fee Related CA2430735C (en)

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DE20308577U1 (en) 2003-11-13
GB2392005B (en) 2004-07-14
DE10324839A1 (en) 2004-03-11
CA2430735C (en) 2012-04-10
GB0312650D0 (en) 2003-07-09
DE10324839B4 (en) 2007-09-13
GB2392005A (en) 2004-02-18

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