CA2372446C - Coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor and a trailer - Google Patents
Coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor and a trailer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2372446C CA2372446C CA002372446A CA2372446A CA2372446C CA 2372446 C CA2372446 C CA 2372446C CA 002372446 A CA002372446 A CA 002372446A CA 2372446 A CA2372446 A CA 2372446A CA 2372446 C CA2372446 C CA 2372446C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- ball
- trailer
- socket
- towing vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/58—Auxiliary devices
- B60D1/583—Holding down means, e.g. holding down retainers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
- B60D1/06—Ball-and-socket hitches, e.g. constructional details, auxiliary devices, their arrangement on the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
- B60D1/06—Ball-and-socket hitches, e.g. constructional details, auxiliary devices, their arrangement on the vehicle
- B60D1/065—Ball-and-socket hitches, e.g. constructional details, auxiliary devices, their arrangement on the vehicle characterised by the hitch mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
- B60D1/07—Multi-hitch devices, i.e. comprising several hitches of the same or of a different type; Hitch-adaptors, i.e. for converting hitches from one type to another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
- B60D1/42—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for being adjustable
- B60D1/46—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for being adjustable vertically
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Machines (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a coupling device (5) between a towing vehicle, especially an agricultural tractor, and a trailer with a coupling ball (6) that is arranged on a coupling support (1) of the towing vehicle and a ball socket (8) that faces the trailer and embraces the coupling ball (6) from above. The aim of the invention is to provide advantageous construction conditions. To this end, the ball socket (8) consists of a cast body (9) tha t consists of a ferrous product and is provided with a casting skin at least o n the inner side of the socket (16).
Description
COUPLING DEVICE BETWEEN A TOWING VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A FARM TRACTOR AND A TRAILER
Technical Field The present invention relates to a coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor, and a trailer having a coupling ball arranged on a coupling carrier of the towing vehicle, and a ball socket on the trailer side encompassing the coupling ball from above.
Prior Art Coupling devices with a coupling ball assigned to the towing vehicle and a ball socket provided on the drawbar of the trailer and encompassing the coupling ball from above allow the trailer to be coupled and uncoupled at comparatively large pivot angles between the drawbar and the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle. The possible pivoting movements of the ball socket relative to the coupling ball around both a vertical and a horizontal pivot axis also ensure advantageous conditions for cross-country travel. In addition to this there is a coupling procedure simplified by the self-centering action of the ball socket so that on the basis of these properties the use of such coupling devices could be offered for agricultural vehicles, for example, if the supported and trailing loads which can be accommodated by these coupling devices were not restricted to one mass only, prohibiting such use. In order to improve the carrying capacity of the usually deep-drawn ball sockets it has already been proposed to considerably enlarge the ball diameter, however sufficiently large ball diameters call for special constructions for taking up heavy supported and trailing loads, which limits the range of application of these coupling devices to special vehicles.
1a Description of the Invention An aspect of the invention is therefore to arrange for a coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor and a trailer of the type described at the outset, such that large supported and trailing loads can be accommodated without the ball diameter having to be enlarged.
The invention solves this task by the fact that the ball socket comprises a moulded article made of a ferrous material presenting a casting crust at least on the interior of the socket.
According to a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a coupling device between a towing vehicle and a trailer, which comprises a coupling ball arranged on a coupling carrier of the towing vehicle and a ball socket on the trailer side encompassing the coupling ball from above, wherein the ball socket is comprised of a moulded article made of a ferrous material and has a casting crust at least on the interior of the socket.
By providing a moulded article as a ball socket, surprisingly the carrying capacity of the coupling device was able to be decidedly improved by supported and trailing loads on condition that the moulded article is supported by a casting crust on the steel coupling ball. This casting crust obviously forms an intermediate layer which influences the power transmission ratios between the coupling ball and the moulded article of the ball socket, such that overload of the moulded article of the ball socket can be discounted even with large supported and trailing loads. Supported loads of up to 5.5 t and trailing loads of up to 60 t were able to be taken up using coupling devices according to the present invention without overloading the coupling device.
Particularly advantageous load ratios can be achieved whenever the ball socket has a lesser hardness Rockwell hardness by 5 to 12 than the coupling ball made of hardened steel. In the case of a hardness difference of Rockwell hardness 6 optimum conditions for the customary fields of application could be guaranteed for dissipation of load by the coupling device.
To create easy connection options for example on the drawbar of the trailer for the ball socket formed by a moulded article. the moulded article can form the ball socket with a connecting plate which can be screwed on to the drawbar independently of the respective drawbar structure.
Brief Description of the Diagrams The inventive object is illustrated by way of example in the diagrams, in which:
Figure 1 shows the part of a coupling device according to the present invention on the towing vehicle side in a frontal, partly schematic view, Figure 2 shows the coupling device with the bail socket encompassing the coupling ball from above in a view according to line ll-ll of Figure 1, and Figure 3 shows the ball socket with an integrally cast connecting plate in an underneath view on an enlarged scale.
Best Realisation of Invention As evident from Figures 1 and 2 coupling carrier 1 on the towing vehicle side is formed by a built-on frame 2 which can be connected conventionally to a farm tractor and which presents a vertical guide 3 for a height-adjustable trailer coupling 4 of conventional structure which can be bolted at individual heights, as indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2.
Apart from this conventional trailer coupling 4 a selectively applicable coupling device 5 with a coupling ball 6 made of hardened steel is provided, which is inserted into a recessed bore 7 of coupling carrier 1. Said coupling ball 6 cooperates with a ball socket 8 on the trailer side formed by a moulded article 9 made of steel. Said moulded article 9 does not, however, form only ball socket 8, but also forms a connecting plate 10 for ball socket 8, as illustrated in Figure 3. By means of this connecting plate 10 ball socket 8 can be attached to a drawbar of a trailer for example, and even by means of screws for which through-holes 11 are provided in connecting plate 10.
To be able to bolt ball socket 8 set on coupling ball 6 from above in this coupling position a holding-down clamp 14, which can be swivelled about an axle 13 in a bearing block 12, is provided which can be secured in the locked position by means of a safety pin 15. When the trailer is to be uncoupled first holding-down clamp 14 is accordingly to be released by loosening safety pin 15 before holC~ng-down clamp 14 is pivoted away from the ball socket and ball socket 8 can be lifted from coupling ball 6. When the trailer is hooked on, then in reverse order holding-down clamp 15 is to be pivoted against positioned ball socket 8 and secured.
Moulded article 8 exhibits at least c~n inner side 16 of socket facing coupling ball 6 a casting crust which is of prime importance for the desired dissipation of large supported and trailing loads from ball socket 8 to coupling ball 6 in conjunction with ball socket 8 being designed as a moulded article. Dissipation of large supported and trailing loads occurring in the case of agricultural trailers for example bec3r;~~s possible ~rvith comparatively small ball diameters only by moulded article 9 supported on coupling ball 6 by a casting crust.
It probably does not particularly need tc be emphasised that the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Thus, coupling cagier 1 can be arranged directly on the towing vehicle. Furthermore, bolting coupi~ng device 5 in the coupling position can structurally be realised in various ways, because what matters only is that unintentional lifting of ball socket from coupling ball 6 is prevented.
Technical Field The present invention relates to a coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor, and a trailer having a coupling ball arranged on a coupling carrier of the towing vehicle, and a ball socket on the trailer side encompassing the coupling ball from above.
Prior Art Coupling devices with a coupling ball assigned to the towing vehicle and a ball socket provided on the drawbar of the trailer and encompassing the coupling ball from above allow the trailer to be coupled and uncoupled at comparatively large pivot angles between the drawbar and the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle. The possible pivoting movements of the ball socket relative to the coupling ball around both a vertical and a horizontal pivot axis also ensure advantageous conditions for cross-country travel. In addition to this there is a coupling procedure simplified by the self-centering action of the ball socket so that on the basis of these properties the use of such coupling devices could be offered for agricultural vehicles, for example, if the supported and trailing loads which can be accommodated by these coupling devices were not restricted to one mass only, prohibiting such use. In order to improve the carrying capacity of the usually deep-drawn ball sockets it has already been proposed to considerably enlarge the ball diameter, however sufficiently large ball diameters call for special constructions for taking up heavy supported and trailing loads, which limits the range of application of these coupling devices to special vehicles.
1a Description of the Invention An aspect of the invention is therefore to arrange for a coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor and a trailer of the type described at the outset, such that large supported and trailing loads can be accommodated without the ball diameter having to be enlarged.
The invention solves this task by the fact that the ball socket comprises a moulded article made of a ferrous material presenting a casting crust at least on the interior of the socket.
According to a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a coupling device between a towing vehicle and a trailer, which comprises a coupling ball arranged on a coupling carrier of the towing vehicle and a ball socket on the trailer side encompassing the coupling ball from above, wherein the ball socket is comprised of a moulded article made of a ferrous material and has a casting crust at least on the interior of the socket.
By providing a moulded article as a ball socket, surprisingly the carrying capacity of the coupling device was able to be decidedly improved by supported and trailing loads on condition that the moulded article is supported by a casting crust on the steel coupling ball. This casting crust obviously forms an intermediate layer which influences the power transmission ratios between the coupling ball and the moulded article of the ball socket, such that overload of the moulded article of the ball socket can be discounted even with large supported and trailing loads. Supported loads of up to 5.5 t and trailing loads of up to 60 t were able to be taken up using coupling devices according to the present invention without overloading the coupling device.
Particularly advantageous load ratios can be achieved whenever the ball socket has a lesser hardness Rockwell hardness by 5 to 12 than the coupling ball made of hardened steel. In the case of a hardness difference of Rockwell hardness 6 optimum conditions for the customary fields of application could be guaranteed for dissipation of load by the coupling device.
To create easy connection options for example on the drawbar of the trailer for the ball socket formed by a moulded article. the moulded article can form the ball socket with a connecting plate which can be screwed on to the drawbar independently of the respective drawbar structure.
Brief Description of the Diagrams The inventive object is illustrated by way of example in the diagrams, in which:
Figure 1 shows the part of a coupling device according to the present invention on the towing vehicle side in a frontal, partly schematic view, Figure 2 shows the coupling device with the bail socket encompassing the coupling ball from above in a view according to line ll-ll of Figure 1, and Figure 3 shows the ball socket with an integrally cast connecting plate in an underneath view on an enlarged scale.
Best Realisation of Invention As evident from Figures 1 and 2 coupling carrier 1 on the towing vehicle side is formed by a built-on frame 2 which can be connected conventionally to a farm tractor and which presents a vertical guide 3 for a height-adjustable trailer coupling 4 of conventional structure which can be bolted at individual heights, as indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2.
Apart from this conventional trailer coupling 4 a selectively applicable coupling device 5 with a coupling ball 6 made of hardened steel is provided, which is inserted into a recessed bore 7 of coupling carrier 1. Said coupling ball 6 cooperates with a ball socket 8 on the trailer side formed by a moulded article 9 made of steel. Said moulded article 9 does not, however, form only ball socket 8, but also forms a connecting plate 10 for ball socket 8, as illustrated in Figure 3. By means of this connecting plate 10 ball socket 8 can be attached to a drawbar of a trailer for example, and even by means of screws for which through-holes 11 are provided in connecting plate 10.
To be able to bolt ball socket 8 set on coupling ball 6 from above in this coupling position a holding-down clamp 14, which can be swivelled about an axle 13 in a bearing block 12, is provided which can be secured in the locked position by means of a safety pin 15. When the trailer is to be uncoupled first holding-down clamp 14 is accordingly to be released by loosening safety pin 15 before holC~ng-down clamp 14 is pivoted away from the ball socket and ball socket 8 can be lifted from coupling ball 6. When the trailer is hooked on, then in reverse order holding-down clamp 15 is to be pivoted against positioned ball socket 8 and secured.
Moulded article 8 exhibits at least c~n inner side 16 of socket facing coupling ball 6 a casting crust which is of prime importance for the desired dissipation of large supported and trailing loads from ball socket 8 to coupling ball 6 in conjunction with ball socket 8 being designed as a moulded article. Dissipation of large supported and trailing loads occurring in the case of agricultural trailers for example bec3r;~~s possible ~rvith comparatively small ball diameters only by moulded article 9 supported on coupling ball 6 by a casting crust.
It probably does not particularly need tc be emphasised that the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Thus, coupling cagier 1 can be arranged directly on the towing vehicle. Furthermore, bolting coupi~ng device 5 in the coupling position can structurally be realised in various ways, because what matters only is that unintentional lifting of ball socket from coupling ball 6 is prevented.
Claims (4)
1. A coupling device between a towing vehicle and a trailer, which comprises a coupling ball arranged on a coupling carrier of the towing vehicle and a ball socket on the trailer side encompassing the coupling ball from above, wherein the ball socket is comprised of a moulded article made of a ferrous material and has a casting crust at least on the interior of the socket.
2. A coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball socket has a lesser hardness by Rockwell hardness 5 to 12 than the coupling ball made of hardened steel.
3. A coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball socket has a lesser hardness by Rockwell hardness 6 than the coupling ball made of hardened steel.
4. A coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moulded article comprises the ball socket and a connecting plate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0077899A AT406849B (en) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Coupling device between a traction vehicle, in particular a tractor, and a trailer |
| ATA778/99 | 1999-04-30 | ||
| PCT/AT2000/000107 WO2000066376A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-27 | Coupling device between a towing vehicle, especially an agricultural tractor, and a trailer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2372446A1 CA2372446A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| CA2372446C true CA2372446C (en) | 2006-06-06 |
Family
ID=3499521
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002372446A Expired - Lifetime CA2372446C (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-27 | Coupling device between a towing vehicle, in particular a farm tractor and a trailer |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1284206A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1136107C (en) |
| AT (2) | AT406849B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU774153B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2372446C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ297038B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50012988D1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU225358B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL202942B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000066376A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10065161A1 (en) | 2000-12-23 | 2002-07-04 | Deere & Co | Trailer hitch for a work vehicle |
| EP1236590A1 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-04 | Cramer Kupplung GmbH & Co. KG | Trailer coupling |
| DE10118862C1 (en) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-07-25 | Hans Sauermann | Trailer coupling, for agricultural haulage work, has plate able to be pushed into and removed from guide grooves of cheek plates and lockable there by insertion bolt |
| AT412459B (en) | 2002-06-03 | 2005-03-25 | Scharmueller Gmbh & Co Kg | CLUTCH DEVICE |
| FR2843563B1 (en) * | 2002-08-19 | 2005-03-25 | Coutier Ind | COUPLING DEVICE FOR CARRIAGE AND CARRIAGE EQUIPPED WITH SAID DEVICE |
| DE10304978A1 (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-19 | Deere & Company, Moline | Trailer hitch for an agricultural or industrial work vehicle |
| ITMO20040145A1 (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2004-09-08 | Cbm Spa | TOWING DEVICE FOR TRAILERS, TOOLS AND MACHINES IN GENERAL. |
| CN100417533C (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2008-09-10 | 叶培玉 | Piston type automobile tractor and assembling method thereof |
| US7559568B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2009-07-14 | Austin Planz | Adaptor for coupling a drawbar of a tractor to a receiver hitch |
| CN100519237C (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-07-29 | 王春江 | Coupling device between traction tool and trailer like |
| WO2010071436A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Teun Johan Hugo Leende Sanders | Method of manufacturing a housing |
| CN108248311A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of adjustable tractor traction apparatus |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR903599A (en) * | 1944-04-22 | 1945-10-09 | Advanced coupling for motor vehicle trailers or others | |
| DE808415C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-07-16 | Wolfgang Marby | Coupling for bicycles, motorcycles and similar vehicles |
| DE849629C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1952-09-18 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Ball joint housing |
| US3779653A (en) * | 1971-11-08 | 1973-12-18 | W Charlton | Trailer hitch |
| BE794731A (en) * | 1972-02-07 | 1973-05-16 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | APPLICATION OF IMPROVED STEEL TAPES BY QUENCHING AND REVENUE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAMBER SUPPORTS FOR SHOES |
| US3827724A (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1974-08-06 | Deere & Co | Coupling device |
| JPS5676714A (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-24 | Avrea Walter C | Protection body for coupling |
| DE8429103U1 (en) * | 1984-10-04 | 1985-01-10 | Westfalia-Werke Franz Knöbel & Söhne KG, 4840 Rheda-Wiedenbrück | BALL HEAD COUPLING FOR TRAILERS |
| DE3824028C1 (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-02-15 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Locking device for a ball-headed coupling |
-
1999
- 1999-04-30 AT AT0077899A patent/AT406849B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-27 CZ CZ20013900A patent/CZ297038B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-27 HU HU0200889A patent/HU225358B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-27 AT AT00926521T patent/ATE329768T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-27 CN CNB008069638A patent/CN1136107C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-27 EP EP02025901A patent/EP1284206A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-27 WO PCT/AT2000/000107 patent/WO2000066376A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-27 AU AU45225/00A patent/AU774153B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-04-27 EP EP00926521A patent/EP1173339B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-27 PL PL350626A patent/PL202942B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-27 CA CA002372446A patent/CA2372446C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-27 DE DE50012988T patent/DE50012988D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL202942B1 (en) | 2009-08-31 |
| CA2372446A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| WO2000066376A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| AU4522500A (en) | 2000-11-17 |
| PL350626A1 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
| AU774153B2 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
| EP1173339B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
| EP1284206A1 (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1136107C (en) | 2004-01-28 |
| DE50012988D1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
| HU225358B1 (en) | 2006-10-28 |
| CN1349461A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| CZ20013900A3 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
| ATE329768T1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
| EP1173339A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| AT406849B (en) | 2000-09-25 |
| HUP0200889A2 (en) | 2002-06-29 |
| CZ297038B6 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| ATA77899A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20200427 |