CA2368633A1 - Apparatus for sharpening objects - Google Patents
Apparatus for sharpening objects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2368633A1 CA2368633A1 CA002368633A CA2368633A CA2368633A1 CA 2368633 A1 CA2368633 A1 CA 2368633A1 CA 002368633 A CA002368633 A CA 002368633A CA 2368633 A CA2368633 A CA 2368633A CA 2368633 A1 CA2368633 A1 CA 2368633A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- objects
- abrading
- longitudinal axis
- active surface
- moving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/16—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding sharp-pointed workpieces, e.g. needles, pens, fish hooks, tweezers or record player styli
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
- B24B41/061—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies axially supporting turning workpieces, e.g. magnetically, pneumatically
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for sharpening objects (2) comprises abrading means (6) arranged for abrading an end portion of said objects (2) and for creating tip means (2a) in said objects (2) and support means (7) connected to rotation driving means (8) and arranged for supporting said abrading means (6) said abrading means (6) being fixed toward support means (7) by magnetic coupling means (15)the projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing an active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on a rotation axis (X) of said abrading means (6); moving means (33) for moving said objects (2) are provided, the moving means (33) being arranged for driving said objects (2) to interact with regions of said active surface (10); in addition, transfer means (5) rotates each object (2) around the longitudinal axis thereof and moves each object (2) along said longitudinal axis towards said abrading means (6).
Description
pe~~~tp~for'~ha~~~sa3.ra~~b ~tm This 'invention' concerns aat' apparatus for sharp~nilig objects, in particular .e~.ongated bddi~s eucl~. as we~.din~g~,elec~rodes.
Appa~catuses~ ~ ars known for sharpening electrod~s, ~, especially for aharge-ning tungsten electrotie~; sa~.d apparatuses . .comprising an abrasive ~grind~r p~ovidea' ~~.~th ari' area coatec3v- by c~~.ectric~all.y deposited- synth°et~.c ;diamond: particles . The °grinder is f:ixetl by a gxubscx°e~a to a. shaft actaiated b~ an eledtri-~ .mi~tor? wrhi.ch shaft rotates skid grinder.
to °~he abo~re mentioned apparatuse~~ are also proiridec~ ~ pith ael~usting . de~i.c:es fox ,adj~i~ti~iig the tiat o~= ~h~ electrode i~a relation to the grinder su~~ace~, sa~.d dewice~:enaiblirig a.preset . ~ sharpening angle ~ to be obtaia~ed at the ~~,p of .they el,~ctrode.
Said deices al.~o .compr~.se a: bored sl~.d~,r~g. bar, .;prod?ided uri~Ch a 15 double sex~.~s .of holes of c3~cxeas.inc~ d5.ameter ~:nsi.d~ which tlae y electrodes that. req~u~ire sha.rpti~~.ngv can ~be ~iosi~io~ed, and a solder which is rota~dd-by a.~second:electric inoto~ and which: is connect~d to the latter by an '~bring which. dlso..pwrforms the function o~ rotating the ~3.ectrod~ ~ after it ~I~as .beer2. mallua~.l~ .
20 pressed against the rollex. ~ ~ ' °.~
In brder to . conduct , ahaxpe,ri3.ng op~'rations~ . an o~a~r~tor , fi~gt . deyermines the' d~,ai~eter of ~~i~ .e:lectrode ox~, the ~~i~st series of holes in th~ sl~d3.ng tsar ' aid t'lleri ti,lte the Wlevtr.ctde-h~lcling .
dev~.ce to aehietre' the wee,~aired :~-harpening ~ang~.e,, ata.it.s up the 25 gr~.nd9r, 8Rld, e~,,V~aC~.llg .,dot~I1" .talk ;el~carodE i~ry ~telT,Ls of a ~ 's2lG~a~.
. cylind-er.,v In other ~r~~ds~~ ~h~ oper.a~or~ c~uees ~ the cylinder to ~ act : on the end :,.df the electr~de that . is further ; from the :grinder. so ac to. push ~ eaid ~ e~,ectrode up. a'gains't .'the ab~asi~re grander, arid the operator tYaen. ing_e~ts the. electrode into tie 3D second sexier of : hales that pare.: located .ota the diamond-coated strip, and ~u.ses ~a knob-.corit~ec,~tad. to a threaded s,ut to push the .
roller ~ga~.nst the latter ~o :itia)ee: it xotate. ~ .
fhe . electrode - th~n ~ttakes c<rritac~ with the .grindez~ and stair's sharpening.
Appa~catuses~ ~ ars known for sharpening electrod~s, ~, especially for aharge-ning tungsten electrotie~; sa~.d apparatuses . .comprising an abrasive ~grind~r p~ovidea' ~~.~th ari' area coatec3v- by c~~.ectric~all.y deposited- synth°et~.c ;diamond: particles . The °grinder is f:ixetl by a gxubscx°e~a to a. shaft actaiated b~ an eledtri-~ .mi~tor? wrhi.ch shaft rotates skid grinder.
to °~he abo~re mentioned apparatuse~~ are also proiridec~ ~ pith ael~usting . de~i.c:es fox ,adj~i~ti~iig the tiat o~= ~h~ electrode i~a relation to the grinder su~~ace~, sa~.d dewice~:enaiblirig a.preset . ~ sharpening angle ~ to be obtaia~ed at the ~~,p of .they el,~ctrode.
Said deices al.~o .compr~.se a: bored sl~.d~,r~g. bar, .;prod?ided uri~Ch a 15 double sex~.~s .of holes of c3~cxeas.inc~ d5.ameter ~:nsi.d~ which tlae y electrodes that. req~u~ire sha.rpti~~.ngv can ~be ~iosi~io~ed, and a solder which is rota~dd-by a.~second:electric inoto~ and which: is connect~d to the latter by an '~bring which. dlso..pwrforms the function o~ rotating the ~3.ectrod~ ~ after it ~I~as .beer2. mallua~.l~ .
20 pressed against the rollex. ~ ~ ' °.~
In brder to . conduct , ahaxpe,ri3.ng op~'rations~ . an o~a~r~tor , fi~gt . deyermines the' d~,ai~eter of ~~i~ .e:lectrode ox~, the ~~i~st series of holes in th~ sl~d3.ng tsar ' aid t'lleri ti,lte the Wlevtr.ctde-h~lcling .
dev~.ce to aehietre' the wee,~aired :~-harpening ~ang~.e,, ata.it.s up the 25 gr~.nd9r, 8Rld, e~,,V~aC~.llg .,dot~I1" .talk ;el~carodE i~ry ~telT,Ls of a ~ 's2lG~a~.
. cylind-er.,v In other ~r~~ds~~ ~h~ oper.a~or~ c~uees ~ the cylinder to ~ act : on the end :,.df the electr~de that . is further ; from the :grinder. so ac to. push ~ eaid ~ e~,ectrode up. a'gains't .'the ab~asi~re grander, arid the operator tYaen. ing_e~ts the. electrode into tie 3D second sexier of : hales that pare.: located .ota the diamond-coated strip, and ~u.ses ~a knob-.corit~ec,~tad. to a threaded s,ut to push the .
roller ~ga~.nst the latter ~o :itia)ee: it xotate. ~ .
fhe . electrode - th~n ~ttakes c<rritac~ with the .grindez~ and stair's sharpening.
2.
. . One . drawback vof prior-art aY~arpening appa~atu~.sES , cosisists ~.x~ .
.
that the diem~nd-coated: gr~,ndex alwayw abx~a~ies the electrode in ' the same po~ition.~ tah~:ch: .causes uneven 2nd e~tr'emely severe wear to the .. diamond-coated gone: although. , the -~ridth of '. said ~5 .diamond-eoat~d zone isl,si~nific-antly greater khan the section that becomes p~oc~.ressively worn.
Another 'dra~b'acic of the prior-art sharpen~;ng apparatuses consists in that.. the tilting device that enablea the :~harper~i~n~g ..
angle to,be .adjusted causes, the electrac~e~s~ in ~ah~.cl~ a t~,p must 1~ .be .rna~ie hav~,ng ~a ~ sharp~raing angle thaw .. as: ve~'y acute; or . otherwise, a .very W pen,' sh~xp'~win;g angle; tb b~ s3gr~if~.c~.ntly abraded under ~r nver t:he; ~r~,ndary.s ha~,fraay; .ai~~.va ~h~ diamond-coated .parti.al~s thus came into '.. coratac't dbliqueljr writhe the electrode in .~,ela~tion ~ to the.,. pxy~ection ~.a'~ tkie ~.xis of the :electrode on the. grinder surface, thus 1_eaving. ~an~at.asfactory roughness on the surface. of the sharpened tapir.
A further drawback of the :pyibr-art sharpeningapparat.usew is that the ~-ring which rotate~:the electr~c~e .wears down vary c~tzickly, ~.as fit must be .:pressed: with sufffc~.~n'~ ~ ~force~ to 2~ ewercome the fsi.ct3.on which=' i~:~generated~ bet.u~~ei~ t3ie electrode ~~nd, the, holes ~arras~ged, :oxi t~i~ slidang bar, in. ael~ition, . the:
efficacy of .~ this sy,ste~i. ddperids on the ope~eator°v skilh in identifyir:g the ~ptimal pressurewith whLch t?~e v:0-r~.ng must. ~ be pxessed against the el~ct~°ode~: .too light ~r~e~srare wi.Zl not 23 enabZs ~ th,e electrode to r~tata, too great p~wsur~ will have, . . the., oPp~si~te effect of ~ px~~ma~urel;y w~ea~aric~ : out . t-Y~e . O-ring.' Moreovei:, , if the. metal: c~linderv used to : "~eigi~ : down" . the. v electrode ..has net been ca~eful~.jr chosen,. and . in : particular if it~ ~,is very heavy, ''it may .ma~Ce t.h~ g~:inder. interact with - he 30 electrod~ boo vio,Iently and th~zs cause ~rery haa~h consumption of abrasiv~ material. on the oth~~ hand, i~f the cylinder ~.s 'too la.ght, sharpening t~.me wf 11 ;be very; long because v the electrode.
wil,3:..not be pressed again.~t tae grinder with s~ff~cl~nt force.
~ further drawback of vthe px°ior-art sharpen3.~ig appa~at~ts~es is that replac3~'ng the grinder is : rather ~oriiplicated~ mainly -because ~orre~ct axi~~. pos~.~~,oning of .the gr~.s~d.er depends oh the ~peratorp s~ sk~.~.1 >
An abject of this ~.n~renti.o~t is to ianpi~ot~e fhe k~iowni .apparatuses for s.harpeniht~ objects, espaciaZly~ , for ~ sha~pex~ing welding electrodes_~ ,. : ' -Another ~b~ec.t ~f .this 3:-nvention is to obta~:r ~i sharpeni~ag apI?gratus provided saith~ an~. ak~xas,iwe grinder. ~tha~ e~in b~ easily and rapidly assembled and -c~isa~semk~3;ed.. ; .
:A .further, ~h~ act ~of ~ th~.s ' anvdntion is to ~btain ~ sharp~nirig .
apparatus, comprising era abrasive portion that : dc~eg not :have regions that ~ are spoci.all'y 'subject , t.~ wear, '' but ~rhich is ~, aub~ect t-~ uniform gear.
A .further object of thin .riiavehtion is to, pro~ride ~: sha.xpening . ' ~s apparatus; that; at ' the , arid. of, , sharpening o~aerat~.~ns, enables vaect~odes ao be. .obtained the ~ tips of, which have eactremely: low surface roughal~ss. , .. . . ' .
2inother furthex object aid. .this 3.nv~ntiari ~ ~.sto ~ obtain a ~sha~rpenang. apparatus px°ov,ic~~d with t.ransfex arieans wkiich: is 2D suitable fax a-~tomati'aaZ3.y .'s~t:ati.ng the eld~ctrod~s aro~znd ~ the .
respective, long~.tuct~.nal- aic~~a , and: for ax~.~5.~.y moving .paid el~ctrodes in such . a' ma~aner, ,as 'to .drive ~:a~e~i to; iaaterac~. with the abrasi.va grinder., ' , - .
hn a. first aspect of the i~ltien~t~.on, : an apparatus :for sharpening.
2~ objects ~.~ pr~vid~~.. said .~ppa.ratu.g compsis~.ng abrading means . arranged for abradingy an ~nd port3~oza. of said ' objects and -for cr.eat~ing tap ~meana in. said ola~e~ts. : and, support ,memn~ oonr.~edted .
to. ratation dri~r~.ng. means arid . arranged four s~ippok.ting said , ~a,brad3.ng:- means, ~ charaater.i~ect in that said. abrading deans is 3o fi.ated to said support insane b~: itiaagneti~ cotapliai~g ~ean~.
1h a .preferred vers~:on, . they magnetic .couplii~~ ~naa.n.s comprises magnetic pads. Yioussd iai sui~~ab~.e seats arranged, ~;i1 the supp~rt .
means. . ' In another preferred ..versic~~l, the abrading -meana comprises 'a Crown of ferromagrieticv ana.texial: ~baa which ~ lay8:~ of abrasive material such. as ~iazn~nd paxtialas is d~posit~da the magnetic pads are thexeb~ ab7.e to; ~ iriteraat w~.th the :abrading means., - . .
keeping paid ~b~aditag. ~inaaz~s , ~ixect to ,the suppeirt z~eans during S operation ~of the appagatu~:: . ' .
Owing. to 'this aspect ' of the inventiein,::'an: .apparatus for sharpening .obj;e.cts aan.be o~it.ained~ in which :asseanbly~ and/or , r.~placement~ . of the , abr~~aiig mans is extxeYnel~ ~asy arid econom~.cal.. v ' . ~ .. ;
1Q In ~ a second . aspect of the izweritioxi, ari : apparatus : for .
sharpening obj.ec~s, as ~-rovi,ded, said apparatus co~r~prising abrading :means, having an acti~te surface . arrar~g~d :for a.brading , an end porta;on~ of ,sa~.d obects z~rid for creating t:i.p means in said ob~ects,.;characteris~c3' in' that it ~uvth~'x.co~rprises mflving i~ means for mo~irig said, objec~cea said ano~~.ng mean; being .arranged for, driving , said bb j ects vte~ ' interact 'with. reg:~ons of aid . ~ ~.ctive srxsface .: ~ . . : : ~ . .
In 'one advantageous ve~~i.oh, 'the ~abrad~.ng meant aoz~pr~,ses an active surface °shaped ,as ,'a ~:ci~rculax ~. c,rown having. a width, in a ~o - ~adia-1 direati~n, which ~.~~ gi.grli.fi;cantl~ greater than the : end .of' each ~bjeat requiring .ak~rasi:on. ~:
._ '~h.e moving means comprises tr~.hley. anear~ on .which th:e object to be sharpened ,is' fixed and. '~~arther oompxi~~~ aia eecera~tric 8e~iice~
. arxanged vox actuat~.ng , said . .trolle~r me~na with a straight reciprocating .movemeritd ' so, :as to ~r~,n.g~ tlae~ etzd : of the obj~ct . . into .contact with said aetivi~ surface ~t ~a:11 g~of.nts .
Tris, is ,possibier ~.n part~.c~t~.a.r.~ ; because the mooring moans cans~s eaah ,object to oseii~ate ; in a direc~c~.ara whicta - ~,s . , perpend~.~cular to the grinder axis and 'with an oscii3.ation w~.dth .
30 which is, as. gr~a~t as the w.idt~a ~o~ the .grinder's a~ti~~ surface.
. _~~r.ing to this' : aapect .of : tie a~.nventions an, apparatus for ,sharpening::~bje°ot's c.an be oh~,ai..tied, ;in whicY~ the abrading, :means . i~ subject to ~ai~iform and extremely :limite.d ~~rear. : .
ire a third aspect of~ ~ttie iiawea~~tion, an appat:atus i~ p.rovitled J
for shaxp~ning. ob j ects; , vsai:cl apparatus cdinpxasing ' abr~adincr ~,-means driveh info ~rotatioi~ mound a ~ r~spevtive rota~tiot~ ax~,s .
arid arra~.ged ~ for anrad:~.ng , ari end poxtion. .vf paid obj ects~ . to w create tip means in~ said ebje~ts,, W haracterised~.n that, during S W aid sharpening; seed abjeCt~ :in-tract ~r~.th: said abrading insane so that a. pro3eation of~ tie longitudinal a~i~ ~f each object on , v :_ a , plane ~ cont~ih~.ng sa~.et~ active, sux.face : is ~ ta-ngent to a circumference the center o~ wh: eh dies on saidrotati~n axis.
. ee~ring ta~ ~ this aspect of the : iiwention, ~ri appar:atu.s; can be .
1o ~ obtained ~ . for -. ~ha~peiaira~ -obj ects, whe~es:n the : ab~ad~.i~g means . creates, at ~ne end o~ each of t%~e oh~;ects', a ~.hav~.ng an external -s~axface pxo~ided: wi-th ~ ~ plurali~.y° df .i~eicrogrooves ;
arranged : at r~;r~ht ~ ~nr~l~s ~o. :the. axis og t.~e ~r~bjedt~. thdreby creating excellent surface rout~hness~
is . In a fourth aspect. of the . 3.r~vention, an apparatus for sharpening objects is . provided, s~a.id appara~Cus . cor~tprisir~g abrading m~ans~ arraiaged ~vx ~b:rading an er~d .ppri~ion of said.
object to create ti.p m~s~~n~ bri said ob~ectsy 'cYiaracter:~.seci in . that it furt~ex c~mp~isos , ~rari~sfer insane ~a~~~ng~d: fog rotating 20 mach of s~a~.d. a~i~ects arc~tzric~ ~ a :r~s~eot~.ve ~ 1~n~~.~tt~d,inyl, aatisv and y fox' -, simultanedus~:~r .mov~.t~c~ . , each - ~f said ~I~jects . along said ~.or~git~.dinal.~aacis:, to~wd~iv~ ,each of said obj~a~s to interact w~.th said~~abrad~:ng ~ieans-~ '. . ' . v Iai a prefe:xr~d ~rersion. the.: transfer a~ean9 co~tprises. first Wdle 25 . roller . means~, =second ~:cl~.~v r~llex ~ an~ahs .arid. ci~~.~ing ro~.l,er .means, which area. a~rang~d~u'r _ g'ripp3ng tie ~bjedts to: be sharpened : ~ and . ~ rotating them . and moving . them axially as . described, above:,, the. driv~.rig rol7G~r mearus ~~in~'~ t~~.~ed b~ a~.
given ang3~e in relation ,to .;the f~.rst idle rbller moans and: to 3o the' second 'idle' rbller meaias, the.: exes of c~hich area mutually parallel.
hn another preferred vera~on;., t.h~ driv~:ng: ro2ler: means ;ris fittee~ ; toslide; means and ~an~ ther~.fore be' moved .close to: or . ~ far from t~i~ fist idle zol~.~r mean. and, ttie ~~eco~9~ ~dae ~ol;Ier 6 .
mans arid are thus suitable fc5r . macYair~ii~g vob j ecte of any .dimensions a~°ter . they' wave been pressed ~.up . s.gainst : said , ' . o~jeets, ~: ~ ~ , . . Oe~ing to this . aspeo~ ~~. the invention,- any . apparatus: for sharpening cbj:ects can be :obtairae~, by means,- ofwhich appsxstaa objects of ~~ny. d~.mens~.~ns can bs machined simply: and effectively. :; uch machining ~.s. complLetr~.y au~tomat~.ce the operator having to intery~ne~.only to posit~.on th.e objects on ' the ' apparatus.~:and take tham frcsm; the apparatus at 'the arid of 1d the ~iaohining cycle , ~ .
In , order ~ t,hat: the inven~von : nay, be cl'ea~ly and com~il~~.ely d~.sclosed, by away_ of e~.anlp~.es~ that do. riot. t~am~.t the scope of the invarit,a.on, : refexenca .w.:~11 now; be made to the accompanying dxacair~g3; wh~.i'~in m. , _. . .
. ~S ,. Fi.gu.re 7. i~ a ; partially .s,~ctione~i aide ~rievr of the apparatus .according ~ to the . invention; s~iowing . an : el~ctrdde to b~ - .
sharpened: whioh is tilted ira.-xelation to the. abrading aneaxas . by a Preset. vangleA~ ' Figuxe 2 '~.a a ~riewr lik~.~ t=hat ~.n Figure a. showing an elect.~code zo tilted iw _~xelatloti~ .to the abrad~.~~ means. in,. such a way as to . form, a dtfferen~ angle ~fxom the ~n.~ shoran in ~'ig~tre 19 Figure . 3 ~.s a, side . view.a pa.rtia.l3~r s~ctioned; of the abrad~.ng means of : the appar~~tus:; a.ccor'ding;. to the , invention. of : the relative support means and ø.f the ~:otation, driving meazis;
'. zs fi9'uxe 4 ~ is .a' ,front.. ~riew off' :the; support means ~f Figure 3~
E'igure 5 is a plan viaw of.ahe.transfer means of thv.apparatus of E~.gure 1y . y . .
~'igura, 6 ~.s a font ~riew of .the apparatus of ~'3guxs ~.;
Fiqure ? is a front diayra~una'i.ca3 wi~ew of ~ an apparatus 30 according to the irav~nt.ian _sho~a~ng :an electrode to be~ sharpened .
lying on a. plane that pass,e;~ :°tlarou~h .the rotation .~.~c~.s of ahe~
abrading mean. ' . ~ . . ~ ~ - .
. . Figiz.res 1 ~.to 5 :sb~~r an appsra,t~as .1 -fox sharpe~iir~g;
el~actxodes2, .
c~mprigingv, a ~ body 3 to whiG:h ~a frame 4 . is fs.~ed~, tie frame 4 . holding .transfer means ~ ~~rranged fob .moving .the electrodes 2 according to a helicoidal.~v~notion.:~aid hali~oidal motion has a rotation component ~r3.tPi respect to a ~.~IlC~I.tL'~.d~.Tla~. axis of said ~~ electrodes and'a translation'dompdnent in the: direction of~saia axis. . . .- ' .-The appaxatue 1 fur:t;her Cornpris'a~ abrading means . 6 wh~.ch as fixed to respective suppcsrt vteans; 7 and wh~.ch :la suitable for abrading ~ a.n anci por~xon- of: ,th$ . e.~~ct.rodes to cxeat.e on sash of said e3.ectrodd~ a sharpened tip 2a~
'the abrading means 6 co~pr~~.s~-s a-- drown 9 made of ferromagnetic ~nater,ial, 0~1 which an .a~t~:ve .surface 20 c:an be ident~.fiedg said active surface ~.0 ~bei.ngcreated by depositing a ,la~e~ of abrasiv~ material; such a~ diamond powder.
The suppart meant 7 i~ rc~tat~d- mound wa . re~psct~.ve axe s X by.
zs . . actuating means ~, compx~.sa;~ag, en e~.ectri.c ano~-or 1I .
The, supp~bt insane 7 cotripx~.se~ ~ a f~.anc~w 12 fi.ttdd to the shaft l3 of theelectric motor 21. vn said flame ~.2 ~ : several chambers :~4 ~ are housed, . ~~ch one - of which ~can~ accommodate a magnetic element I~ , arranged .vor ~interactirag . ~riah °the crown 9 to -fix ,it, to, bhe flange 12.~ To replace the abradi3xg means 6,~
~nce..said abradi~ig ,meatas 6 ~hasv:bec~me worno it ~ie s~iffie3.ent to remove the vrorrr~ crauan 9 and replace it faith ~ new crown 9 that Haas a layer of: abrasive tnat~ri.a~ in pri.stihe :condit3.a~n..
this op~ration is extremely simple, part~.cuZar~~y because . t'he 2~ cro~rn 9 is ~ fixed to the : fi.a~ge ; lqp wh.i,ch: Yia~s an assembly .referenc.a on s~aa-ft 13~ ~her~b~ en,~blirag domplicated a~j.al . , aparations , t~o position tie 1 : crown and the .flange ' to be eliminated. .
fhe electrodes 2 can be tiJaed an.xelaaion °to~the wo~ktng plane of the abrading means 6. by iotating the game 9 around a fuloxum F and s~bs,eruent3:~ le~cking ~a~.d ~fr~me ~ in the r~qui:red position by manual7:y acting on ~thevClamp blockingmeans ~6 o..f a-known type. Thus, . the angle .firmed. by ~ the ~ ~lec'.trodes 2 Wrath ~r~espect to: said :worl~~;ng~~plarie can be varied, ,qo~.i5g for example g from -an . angle .oc, shown. ion ~'~.gu~~ L, t~ .a,n angle (3, shorn -iz~
Figure 2; tli~as, it .is po~sibla to obtain electrodes 2 ,of t~hi.ch the tips 2a are basic~ll~r: shaped. as cones ,with atag7.e s at the tops o:~ a set cle~ree.
The transfer arieans ~ compr~.s~s drisring roller means 19 arranged for interact~.r~g with the :.electrodes 2 and='for press~.r~g. them against first driven ~~ll~r ~i~~ns 1? an ~ second' drivexz roller :
means ~.8. The -drivisig rol~.er ~~tt~ans ~29 ins ~ a~~uatved ~y ~. belt ~ 23 stretched, betv~een. said driii;ica~g drollery fnearz~ ~19 anc~ a pulley 22 to that is fixed ao a shaft 27. of a- ~ further elect~:i:c; sriotor ~0. R
f~:rst~ pair of o~ring~ 24 , and ~ a second ;~aa.~of ~-rings 26 are r~saociated. with the d.rivinc~roller mearis. ~9, ~ at axially consecutive sections, said.O~rings.rotat:lng the ~e~troe~es,2 by friction..
p5 F~~ axial~.y consecrlt~,~e : sections, : a fixst baring 26 arid a s~cond bearia~g ~ 27, and ~ third bearing 26 and. .a' fourth bearing 29. are associated re~pect~~.ve3:y w~.th they f~:rstdx~isren rdller means. 17 and to the .secaiad .s~ri~ezi roller arcea~as- 1E~ tha external races of sa~.d ., bearings. avtint~ as abu~ti.ng : el~me~tts -for v the 2~ electrbdss 2 pressed ,on, th~~ .by the dri~ririg ~~11e~ deans 19;
As , ~hczwn . in .. ~'~.gure 6, the dr3.v~.ng roller zri~aa~~ ~ 19 hay a loi~gxtudihal axis t3.l.ted_ by: an. angle y in rdlation to the axes .
of the ~ first dxiven rol3.er vne~.ns 1°I arad caf .the: second dr~.v~n ~rolZex means 1,8; which aye bas~,:cally mutua~.ly : pa:~alle~.. .
~s ~lhera 'the .driviiag rol3:er arievns: 19 is . actuated. Icy the further .
e~,ectric motor 20, the twb . pa3,~s of O~rings ~.4 an~1 2 s, ~ wYiich ire ~ fixedv to the ~ dr~.vi~.g ; xohher tteans 19, . ~~arast~~.t a .rotary r~owement .to the elect~ode,s 2 , around. a 1~ngitudinal a~cis , thereof . In addition, ~iw~ing:. to: the pxes~nae , of 9l~ght 30 ~.i.sa~5.igrlmen°t between the ~a~es of the dri~criY~~, ~rolle'x means: 19 and the axes of ._ the 'first ~..r~.~ei~ ro~.ler meats :l? ' end the second . , driv~xz rol~.er .means ~.~, the: el~ctr~des 2 are shifted sade~ays . ' Tong said longitudinal . axis, .which: drivee the electrodes 2'. .~o interact' ,wrath the abra~dirtg. r~eatas 6.
The ~driv~.ng rol7.er meara.s ,1:9 and the actuating device~s the~ceof, namely the. further tnoto~ ~0,, ~h~ pulley z2 Bred the belt 23p are fitted to a sl9.de 30, wl~ic~a ~.s sJ.idably coupled wrath the frame 4 and movab3.e - far 'from and of~se to tW first cltivet~~ r~l.ler means 17 and the second. dr~,ve2~ roller means :1~:' this males the appa~°atias 1 suitable for ~~achirai.ng elect~:odas 2 of : any dimens~.ons-. In fact, by ~ad~ust~.ng' the ~;nob . ,31 ~ and overcoming the res~.stance. of the spring' 32 it is . possible ~o~ bring 'ir~t~ -.contact' with the 'bearir~gs~.'2f., . 27,.Z~, .2y, air e.~.dctrode with a wide range of diameters gild. ~ubsec~uea~tl~r, after: releasia~g.aaid~
Jenob 31, ~.t is :poeBible to ~tee~ th2 eieat~od~. 3.n: po.~ition under . :the thrus.~ of the t~ao pa~.r~~ of :~-rings 24, 2-5:
the driving ~, roller , means, ~.9 with the rela~f:~r~ actu~~ting devices, and the ,f~.rst .dx~i~ren' roller means '1.'i :aid. the second is . dr~.ven ~:a~.ler imeans ' 18 aye ~'itt~ed do tro~:ley . meaxzs 33 0 The ~ro~.ley means° '33 as a~au~ted with a r~c~,,ptocati~g s~:ra~.ght movement . .by . meabs of . ski ,eccentric . 34 r~tat~.wg around a.
respective .axis. ~: thus~ thv tip 2a ~f sects of tie: electxodes.2 . 3~ driven to ~ l~teract ~vj.th. 'she entire aati~r~ : s~r,face 10 of the ' ~0 w abrading means ~ arid wear ~ se~.d ~bradincg means 6 ddu~n ~.r~ a uniform. mariner end .to a limiLed~ e~ctent.
.3n .fact, the trolley means: v3P ypressed by the eccentric 34 and, recalled bar a further spring 35., osciZlat~s with :an cscil~.at~.on ampla,tude which is, substag~t~,~aZ~. j~ equal to t;he. 'cai:dth of, cxourn:
9.
.25 As Figure 7 shows, the °~.ra:~i;sf.er jeans 5 and the' trolley.
aneans .
33 described '~abo~re wre : spa . arranged that tie .electrodes 2, during sharpening, ~.nte~°adt With she abrad~~2g means 6, she electrodes ~2 lying on' a pl~iie that.:passes throu.gYi t~i~ rotation axis of the ab~~dirc~ meaa~s. :~;: tYaus -the ab.raairic~ ~near~s ~ ac;hi~ve .
3o e~c~I2ent abrading. of the e~:ectz~ode~ and .give. them tips 2a y~~.~h.
extremely ~imit~~d- surface rou~Yiri~ss a.
. . One . drawback vof prior-art aY~arpening appa~atu~.sES , cosisists ~.x~ .
.
that the diem~nd-coated: gr~,ndex alwayw abx~a~ies the electrode in ' the same po~ition.~ tah~:ch: .causes uneven 2nd e~tr'emely severe wear to the .. diamond-coated gone: although. , the -~ridth of '. said ~5 .diamond-eoat~d zone isl,si~nific-antly greater khan the section that becomes p~oc~.ressively worn.
Another 'dra~b'acic of the prior-art sharpen~;ng apparatuses consists in that.. the tilting device that enablea the :~harper~i~n~g ..
angle to,be .adjusted causes, the electrac~e~s~ in ~ah~.cl~ a t~,p must 1~ .be .rna~ie hav~,ng ~a ~ sharp~raing angle thaw .. as: ve~'y acute; or . otherwise, a .very W pen,' sh~xp'~win;g angle; tb b~ s3gr~if~.c~.ntly abraded under ~r nver t:he; ~r~,ndary.s ha~,fraay; .ai~~.va ~h~ diamond-coated .parti.al~s thus came into '.. coratac't dbliqueljr writhe the electrode in .~,ela~tion ~ to the.,. pxy~ection ~.a'~ tkie ~.xis of the :electrode on the. grinder surface, thus 1_eaving. ~an~at.asfactory roughness on the surface. of the sharpened tapir.
A further drawback of the :pyibr-art sharpeningapparat.usew is that the ~-ring which rotate~:the electr~c~e .wears down vary c~tzickly, ~.as fit must be .:pressed: with sufffc~.~n'~ ~ ~force~ to 2~ ewercome the fsi.ct3.on which=' i~:~generated~ bet.u~~ei~ t3ie electrode ~~nd, the, holes ~arras~ged, :oxi t~i~ slidang bar, in. ael~ition, . the:
efficacy of .~ this sy,ste~i. ddperids on the ope~eator°v skilh in identifyir:g the ~ptimal pressurewith whLch t?~e v:0-r~.ng must. ~ be pxessed against the el~ct~°ode~: .too light ~r~e~srare wi.Zl not 23 enabZs ~ th,e electrode to r~tata, too great p~wsur~ will have, . . the., oPp~si~te effect of ~ px~~ma~urel;y w~ea~aric~ : out . t-Y~e . O-ring.' Moreovei:, , if the. metal: c~linderv used to : "~eigi~ : down" . the. v electrode ..has net been ca~eful~.jr chosen,. and . in : particular if it~ ~,is very heavy, ''it may .ma~Ce t.h~ g~:inder. interact with - he 30 electrod~ boo vio,Iently and th~zs cause ~rery haa~h consumption of abrasiv~ material. on the oth~~ hand, i~f the cylinder ~.s 'too la.ght, sharpening t~.me wf 11 ;be very; long because v the electrode.
wil,3:..not be pressed again.~t tae grinder with s~ff~cl~nt force.
~ further drawback of vthe px°ior-art sharpen3.~ig appa~at~ts~es is that replac3~'ng the grinder is : rather ~oriiplicated~ mainly -because ~orre~ct axi~~. pos~.~~,oning of .the gr~.s~d.er depends oh the ~peratorp s~ sk~.~.1 >
An abject of this ~.n~renti.o~t is to ianpi~ot~e fhe k~iowni .apparatuses for s.harpeniht~ objects, espaciaZly~ , for ~ sha~pex~ing welding electrodes_~ ,. : ' -Another ~b~ec.t ~f .this 3:-nvention is to obta~:r ~i sharpeni~ag apI?gratus provided saith~ an~. ak~xas,iwe grinder. ~tha~ e~in b~ easily and rapidly assembled and -c~isa~semk~3;ed.. ; .
:A .further, ~h~ act ~of ~ th~.s ' anvdntion is to ~btain ~ sharp~nirig .
apparatus, comprising era abrasive portion that : dc~eg not :have regions that ~ are spoci.all'y 'subject , t.~ wear, '' but ~rhich is ~, aub~ect t-~ uniform gear.
A .further object of thin .riiavehtion is to, pro~ride ~: sha.xpening . ' ~s apparatus; that; at ' the , arid. of, , sharpening o~aerat~.~ns, enables vaect~odes ao be. .obtained the ~ tips of, which have eactremely: low surface roughal~ss. , .. . . ' .
2inother furthex object aid. .this 3.nv~ntiari ~ ~.sto ~ obtain a ~sha~rpenang. apparatus px°ov,ic~~d with t.ransfex arieans wkiich: is 2D suitable fax a-~tomati'aaZ3.y .'s~t:ati.ng the eld~ctrod~s aro~znd ~ the .
respective, long~.tuct~.nal- aic~~a , and: for ax~.~5.~.y moving .paid el~ctrodes in such . a' ma~aner, ,as 'to .drive ~:a~e~i to; iaaterac~. with the abrasi.va grinder., ' , - .
hn a. first aspect of the i~ltien~t~.on, : an apparatus :for sharpening.
2~ objects ~.~ pr~vid~~.. said .~ppa.ratu.g compsis~.ng abrading means . arranged for abradingy an ~nd port3~oza. of said ' objects and -for cr.eat~ing tap ~meana in. said ola~e~ts. : and, support ,memn~ oonr.~edted .
to. ratation dri~r~.ng. means arid . arranged four s~ippok.ting said , ~a,brad3.ng:- means, ~ charaater.i~ect in that said. abrading deans is 3o fi.ated to said support insane b~: itiaagneti~ cotapliai~g ~ean~.
1h a .preferred vers~:on, . they magnetic .couplii~~ ~naa.n.s comprises magnetic pads. Yioussd iai sui~~ab~.e seats arranged, ~;i1 the supp~rt .
means. . ' In another preferred ..versic~~l, the abrading -meana comprises 'a Crown of ferromagrieticv ana.texial: ~baa which ~ lay8:~ of abrasive material such. as ~iazn~nd paxtialas is d~posit~da the magnetic pads are thexeb~ ab7.e to; ~ iriteraat w~.th the :abrading means., - . .
keeping paid ~b~aditag. ~inaaz~s , ~ixect to ,the suppeirt z~eans during S operation ~of the appagatu~:: . ' .
Owing. to 'this aspect ' of the inventiein,::'an: .apparatus for sharpening .obj;e.cts aan.be o~it.ained~ in which :asseanbly~ and/or , r.~placement~ . of the , abr~~aiig mans is extxeYnel~ ~asy arid econom~.cal.. v ' . ~ .. ;
1Q In ~ a second . aspect of the izweritioxi, ari : apparatus : for .
sharpening obj.ec~s, as ~-rovi,ded, said apparatus co~r~prising abrading :means, having an acti~te surface . arrar~g~d :for a.brading , an end porta;on~ of ,sa~.d obects z~rid for creating t:i.p means in said ob~ects,.;characteris~c3' in' that it ~uvth~'x.co~rprises mflving i~ means for mo~irig said, objec~cea said ano~~.ng mean; being .arranged for, driving , said bb j ects vte~ ' interact 'with. reg:~ons of aid . ~ ~.ctive srxsface .: ~ . . : : ~ . .
In 'one advantageous ve~~i.oh, 'the ~abrad~.ng meant aoz~pr~,ses an active surface °shaped ,as ,'a ~:ci~rculax ~. c,rown having. a width, in a ~o - ~adia-1 direati~n, which ~.~~ gi.grli.fi;cantl~ greater than the : end .of' each ~bjeat requiring .ak~rasi:on. ~:
._ '~h.e moving means comprises tr~.hley. anear~ on .which th:e object to be sharpened ,is' fixed and. '~~arther oompxi~~~ aia eecera~tric 8e~iice~
. arxanged vox actuat~.ng , said . .trolle~r me~na with a straight reciprocating .movemeritd ' so, :as to ~r~,n.g~ tlae~ etzd : of the obj~ct . . into .contact with said aetivi~ surface ~t ~a:11 g~of.nts .
Tris, is ,possibier ~.n part~.c~t~.a.r.~ ; because the mooring moans cans~s eaah ,object to oseii~ate ; in a direc~c~.ara whicta - ~,s . , perpend~.~cular to the grinder axis and 'with an oscii3.ation w~.dth .
30 which is, as. gr~a~t as the w.idt~a ~o~ the .grinder's a~ti~~ surface.
. _~~r.ing to this' : aapect .of : tie a~.nventions an, apparatus for ,sharpening::~bje°ot's c.an be oh~,ai..tied, ;in whicY~ the abrading, :means . i~ subject to ~ai~iform and extremely :limite.d ~~rear. : .
ire a third aspect of~ ~ttie iiawea~~tion, an appat:atus i~ p.rovitled J
for shaxp~ning. ob j ects; , vsai:cl apparatus cdinpxasing ' abr~adincr ~,-means driveh info ~rotatioi~ mound a ~ r~spevtive rota~tiot~ ax~,s .
arid arra~.ged ~ for anrad:~.ng , ari end poxtion. .vf paid obj ects~ . to w create tip means in~ said ebje~ts,, W haracterised~.n that, during S W aid sharpening; seed abjeCt~ :in-tract ~r~.th: said abrading insane so that a. pro3eation of~ tie longitudinal a~i~ ~f each object on , v :_ a , plane ~ cont~ih~.ng sa~.et~ active, sux.face : is ~ ta-ngent to a circumference the center o~ wh: eh dies on saidrotati~n axis.
. ee~ring ta~ ~ this aspect of the : iiwention, ~ri appar:atu.s; can be .
1o ~ obtained ~ . for -. ~ha~peiaira~ -obj ects, whe~es:n the : ab~ad~.i~g means . creates, at ~ne end o~ each of t%~e oh~;ects', a ~.hav~.ng an external -s~axface pxo~ided: wi-th ~ ~ plurali~.y° df .i~eicrogrooves ;
arranged : at r~;r~ht ~ ~nr~l~s ~o. :the. axis og t.~e ~r~bjedt~. thdreby creating excellent surface rout~hness~
is . In a fourth aspect. of the . 3.r~vention, an apparatus for sharpening objects is . provided, s~a.id appara~Cus . cor~tprisir~g abrading m~ans~ arraiaged ~vx ~b:rading an er~d .ppri~ion of said.
object to create ti.p m~s~~n~ bri said ob~ectsy 'cYiaracter:~.seci in . that it furt~ex c~mp~isos , ~rari~sfer insane ~a~~~ng~d: fog rotating 20 mach of s~a~.d. a~i~ects arc~tzric~ ~ a :r~s~eot~.ve ~ 1~n~~.~tt~d,inyl, aatisv and y fox' -, simultanedus~:~r .mov~.t~c~ . , each - ~f said ~I~jects . along said ~.or~git~.dinal.~aacis:, to~wd~iv~ ,each of said obj~a~s to interact w~.th said~~abrad~:ng ~ieans-~ '. . ' . v Iai a prefe:xr~d ~rersion. the.: transfer a~ean9 co~tprises. first Wdle 25 . roller . means~, =second ~:cl~.~v r~llex ~ an~ahs .arid. ci~~.~ing ro~.l,er .means, which area. a~rang~d~u'r _ g'ripp3ng tie ~bjedts to: be sharpened : ~ and . ~ rotating them . and moving . them axially as . described, above:,, the. driv~.rig rol7G~r mearus ~~in~'~ t~~.~ed b~ a~.
given ang3~e in relation ,to .;the f~.rst idle rbller moans and: to 3o the' second 'idle' rbller meaias, the.: exes of c~hich area mutually parallel.
hn another preferred vera~on;., t.h~ driv~:ng: ro2ler: means ;ris fittee~ ; toslide; means and ~an~ ther~.fore be' moved .close to: or . ~ far from t~i~ fist idle zol~.~r mean. and, ttie ~~eco~9~ ~dae ~ol;Ier 6 .
mans arid are thus suitable fc5r . macYair~ii~g vob j ecte of any .dimensions a~°ter . they' wave been pressed ~.up . s.gainst : said , ' . o~jeets, ~: ~ ~ , . . Oe~ing to this . aspeo~ ~~. the invention,- any . apparatus: for sharpening cbj:ects can be :obtairae~, by means,- ofwhich appsxstaa objects of ~~ny. d~.mens~.~ns can bs machined simply: and effectively. :; uch machining ~.s. complLetr~.y au~tomat~.ce the operator having to intery~ne~.only to posit~.on th.e objects on ' the ' apparatus.~:and take tham frcsm; the apparatus at 'the arid of 1d the ~iaohining cycle , ~ .
In , order ~ t,hat: the inven~von : nay, be cl'ea~ly and com~il~~.ely d~.sclosed, by away_ of e~.anlp~.es~ that do. riot. t~am~.t the scope of the invarit,a.on, : refexenca .w.:~11 now; be made to the accompanying dxacair~g3; wh~.i'~in m. , _. . .
. ~S ,. Fi.gu.re 7. i~ a ; partially .s,~ctione~i aide ~rievr of the apparatus .according ~ to the . invention; s~iowing . an : el~ctrdde to b~ - .
sharpened: whioh is tilted ira.-xelation to the. abrading aneaxas . by a Preset. vangleA~ ' Figuxe 2 '~.a a ~riewr lik~.~ t=hat ~.n Figure a. showing an elect.~code zo tilted iw _~xelatloti~ .to the abrad~.~~ means. in,. such a way as to . form, a dtfferen~ angle ~fxom the ~n.~ shoran in ~'ig~tre 19 Figure . 3 ~.s a, side . view.a pa.rtia.l3~r s~ctioned; of the abrad~.ng means of : the appar~~tus:; a.ccor'ding;. to the , invention. of : the relative support means and ø.f the ~:otation, driving meazis;
'. zs fi9'uxe 4 ~ is .a' ,front.. ~riew off' :the; support means ~f Figure 3~
E'igure 5 is a plan viaw of.ahe.transfer means of thv.apparatus of E~.gure 1y . y . .
~'igura, 6 ~.s a font ~riew of .the apparatus of ~'3guxs ~.;
Fiqure ? is a front diayra~una'i.ca3 wi~ew of ~ an apparatus 30 according to the irav~nt.ian _sho~a~ng :an electrode to be~ sharpened .
lying on a. plane that pass,e;~ :°tlarou~h .the rotation .~.~c~.s of ahe~
abrading mean. ' . ~ . . ~ ~ - .
. . Figiz.res 1 ~.to 5 :sb~~r an appsra,t~as .1 -fox sharpe~iir~g;
el~actxodes2, .
c~mprigingv, a ~ body 3 to whiG:h ~a frame 4 . is fs.~ed~, tie frame 4 . holding .transfer means ~ ~~rranged fob .moving .the electrodes 2 according to a helicoidal.~v~notion.:~aid hali~oidal motion has a rotation component ~r3.tPi respect to a ~.~IlC~I.tL'~.d~.Tla~. axis of said ~~ electrodes and'a translation'dompdnent in the: direction of~saia axis. . . .- ' .-The appaxatue 1 fur:t;her Cornpris'a~ abrading means . 6 wh~.ch as fixed to respective suppcsrt vteans; 7 and wh~.ch :la suitable for abrading ~ a.n anci por~xon- of: ,th$ . e.~~ct.rodes to cxeat.e on sash of said e3.ectrodd~ a sharpened tip 2a~
'the abrading means 6 co~pr~~.s~-s a-- drown 9 made of ferromagnetic ~nater,ial, 0~1 which an .a~t~:ve .surface 20 c:an be ident~.fiedg said active surface ~.0 ~bei.ngcreated by depositing a ,la~e~ of abrasiv~ material; such a~ diamond powder.
The suppart meant 7 i~ rc~tat~d- mound wa . re~psct~.ve axe s X by.
zs . . actuating means ~, compx~.sa;~ag, en e~.ectri.c ano~-or 1I .
The, supp~bt insane 7 cotripx~.se~ ~ a f~.anc~w 12 fi.ttdd to the shaft l3 of theelectric motor 21. vn said flame ~.2 ~ : several chambers :~4 ~ are housed, . ~~ch one - of which ~can~ accommodate a magnetic element I~ , arranged .vor ~interactirag . ~riah °the crown 9 to -fix ,it, to, bhe flange 12.~ To replace the abradi3xg means 6,~
~nce..said abradi~ig ,meatas 6 ~hasv:bec~me worno it ~ie s~iffie3.ent to remove the vrorrr~ crauan 9 and replace it faith ~ new crown 9 that Haas a layer of: abrasive tnat~ri.a~ in pri.stihe :condit3.a~n..
this op~ration is extremely simple, part~.cuZar~~y because . t'he 2~ cro~rn 9 is ~ fixed to the : fi.a~ge ; lqp wh.i,ch: Yia~s an assembly .referenc.a on s~aa-ft 13~ ~her~b~ en,~blirag domplicated a~j.al . , aparations , t~o position tie 1 : crown and the .flange ' to be eliminated. .
fhe electrodes 2 can be tiJaed an.xelaaion °to~the wo~ktng plane of the abrading means 6. by iotating the game 9 around a fuloxum F and s~bs,eruent3:~ le~cking ~a~.d ~fr~me ~ in the r~qui:red position by manual7:y acting on ~thevClamp blockingmeans ~6 o..f a-known type. Thus, . the angle .firmed. by ~ the ~ ~lec'.trodes 2 Wrath ~r~espect to: said :worl~~;ng~~plarie can be varied, ,qo~.i5g for example g from -an . angle .oc, shown. ion ~'~.gu~~ L, t~ .a,n angle (3, shorn -iz~
Figure 2; tli~as, it .is po~sibla to obtain electrodes 2 ,of t~hi.ch the tips 2a are basic~ll~r: shaped. as cones ,with atag7.e s at the tops o:~ a set cle~ree.
The transfer arieans ~ compr~.s~s drisring roller means 19 arranged for interact~.r~g with the :.electrodes 2 and='for press~.r~g. them against first driven ~~ll~r ~i~~ns 1? an ~ second' drivexz roller :
means ~.8. The -drivisig rol~.er ~~tt~ans ~29 ins ~ a~~uatved ~y ~. belt ~ 23 stretched, betv~een. said driii;ica~g drollery fnearz~ ~19 anc~ a pulley 22 to that is fixed ao a shaft 27. of a- ~ further elect~:i:c; sriotor ~0. R
f~:rst~ pair of o~ring~ 24 , and ~ a second ;~aa.~of ~-rings 26 are r~saociated. with the d.rivinc~roller mearis. ~9, ~ at axially consecutive sections, said.O~rings.rotat:lng the ~e~troe~es,2 by friction..
p5 F~~ axial~.y consecrlt~,~e : sections, : a fixst baring 26 arid a s~cond bearia~g ~ 27, and ~ third bearing 26 and. .a' fourth bearing 29. are associated re~pect~~.ve3:y w~.th they f~:rstdx~isren rdller means. 17 and to the .secaiad .s~ri~ezi roller arcea~as- 1E~ tha external races of sa~.d ., bearings. avtint~ as abu~ti.ng : el~me~tts -for v the 2~ electrbdss 2 pressed ,on, th~~ .by the dri~ririg ~~11e~ deans 19;
As , ~hczwn . in .. ~'~.gure 6, the dr3.v~.ng roller zri~aa~~ ~ 19 hay a loi~gxtudihal axis t3.l.ted_ by: an. angle y in rdlation to the axes .
of the ~ first dxiven rol3.er vne~.ns 1°I arad caf .the: second dr~.v~n ~rolZex means 1,8; which aye bas~,:cally mutua~.ly : pa:~alle~.. .
~s ~lhera 'the .driviiag rol3:er arievns: 19 is . actuated. Icy the further .
e~,ectric motor 20, the twb . pa3,~s of O~rings ~.4 an~1 2 s, ~ wYiich ire ~ fixedv to the ~ dr~.vi~.g ; xohher tteans 19, . ~~arast~~.t a .rotary r~owement .to the elect~ode,s 2 , around. a 1~ngitudinal a~cis , thereof . In addition, ~iw~ing:. to: the pxes~nae , of 9l~ght 30 ~.i.sa~5.igrlmen°t between the ~a~es of the dri~criY~~, ~rolle'x means: 19 and the axes of ._ the 'first ~..r~.~ei~ ro~.ler meats :l? ' end the second . , driv~xz rol~.er .means ~.~, the: el~ctr~des 2 are shifted sade~ays . ' Tong said longitudinal . axis, .which: drivee the electrodes 2'. .~o interact' ,wrath the abra~dirtg. r~eatas 6.
The ~driv~.ng rol7.er meara.s ,1:9 and the actuating device~s the~ceof, namely the. further tnoto~ ~0,, ~h~ pulley z2 Bred the belt 23p are fitted to a sl9.de 30, wl~ic~a ~.s sJ.idably coupled wrath the frame 4 and movab3.e - far 'from and of~se to tW first cltivet~~ r~l.ler means 17 and the second. dr~,ve2~ roller means :1~:' this males the appa~°atias 1 suitable for ~~achirai.ng elect~:odas 2 of : any dimens~.ons-. In fact, by ~ad~ust~.ng' the ~;nob . ,31 ~ and overcoming the res~.stance. of the spring' 32 it is . possible ~o~ bring 'ir~t~ -.contact' with the 'bearir~gs~.'2f., . 27,.Z~, .2y, air e.~.dctrode with a wide range of diameters gild. ~ubsec~uea~tl~r, after: releasia~g.aaid~
Jenob 31, ~.t is :poeBible to ~tee~ th2 eieat~od~. 3.n: po.~ition under . :the thrus.~ of the t~ao pa~.r~~ of :~-rings 24, 2-5:
the driving ~, roller , means, ~.9 with the rela~f:~r~ actu~~ting devices, and the ,f~.rst .dx~i~ren' roller means '1.'i :aid. the second is . dr~.ven ~:a~.ler imeans ' 18 aye ~'itt~ed do tro~:ley . meaxzs 33 0 The ~ro~.ley means° '33 as a~au~ted with a r~c~,,ptocati~g s~:ra~.ght movement . .by . meabs of . ski ,eccentric . 34 r~tat~.wg around a.
respective .axis. ~: thus~ thv tip 2a ~f sects of tie: electxodes.2 . 3~ driven to ~ l~teract ~vj.th. 'she entire aati~r~ : s~r,face 10 of the ' ~0 w abrading means ~ arid wear ~ se~.d ~bradincg means 6 ddu~n ~.r~ a uniform. mariner end .to a limiLed~ e~ctent.
.3n .fact, the trolley means: v3P ypressed by the eccentric 34 and, recalled bar a further spring 35., osciZlat~s with :an cscil~.at~.on ampla,tude which is, substag~t~,~aZ~. j~ equal to t;he. 'cai:dth of, cxourn:
9.
.25 As Figure 7 shows, the °~.ra:~i;sf.er jeans 5 and the' trolley.
aneans .
33 described '~abo~re wre : spa . arranged that tie .electrodes 2, during sharpening, ~.nte~°adt With she abrad~~2g means 6, she electrodes ~2 lying on' a pl~iie that.:passes throu.gYi t~i~ rotation axis of the ab~~dirc~ meaa~s. :~;: tYaus -the ab.raairic~ ~near~s ~ ac;hi~ve .
3o e~c~I2ent abrading. of the e~:ectz~ode~ and .give. them tips 2a y~~.~h.
extremely ~imit~~d- surface rou~Yiri~ss a.
Claims (76)
1.~Apparatus for sharpening objects (2), comprising abrading means (6) arranged for abrading an end portion of said objects (2) and for creating tip means (2a) in said objects (2), and support means (7) connected to rotation driving means (8) and arranged for supporting said abrading means (6), characterised in that said abrading means (6) is fixed to said support means (8) by magnetic coupling means (15).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said abrading means (6) comprises tool means (9) made of ferromagnetic material and provided with an active surface (10) comprising abrasive material.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said magnetic coupling means comprises magnetic elements (15) arranged for interacting with said tool means (9).
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said support means (7) comprises flange means (12) wherein chamber means (14) is created, said chamber means (14) being arranged for accommodating said magnetic elements (15).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, and further comprising moving means (33) for moving said objects (2), said moving means (33) being arranged for driving said objects (2) to interact with active surface regions (10) of said abrading means (6).
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said moving means comprises trolley means (33) actuated with a straight reciprocating movement by eccentric means (34) cooperating with restoring spring means (35).
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said trolley means (33) oscillates with an oscillation amplitude that is basically as great as the width of said active surface (10).
8. Apparatus according to on of the preceding claims, ~
wherein said abrading means (6) is rotated around a longitudinal axis thereof (X) by actuating means (11).
wherein said abrading means (6) is rotated around a longitudinal axis thereof (X) by actuating means (11).
9. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims,~
wherein during said sharpening, said objects (2) interact with said abrading means (6) so that a projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing said active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on said rotation axis (X).
wherein during said sharpening, said objects (2) interact with said abrading means (6) so that a projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing said active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on said rotation axis (X).
10. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, and further comprising transfer means (5) arranged for rotating each of said objects (2) around a respective longitudinal axis and for simultaneously moving each of said objects (2) along said longitudinal axis to drive each of said objects (2) to interact with said abrading means (6).
11.~Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said transfer means (5) comprises driving roller means (19) arranged for interacting with said objects (2) to block them against stop means (17,18).
12.~Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, respectively first contact means (24) and second contact means (25) are associated with said driving roller means (19), said first contact means (24) and said second contact means (25) being arranged for rotating said objects (2) around respective longitudinal axes.
13. Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said first contact means comprises a first pair of O-rings (24).
14. Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, wherein said second contact means comprises a second pair of O-rings (25).
15.~Apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 14 wherein said stop means comprises first driven roller means (17) and second driven roller means (18) having longitudinal axes which are substantially mutually parallel.
16. Apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, respectively first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) are associated with said first driven roller means (17) and/or with said second driven roller means (18), the external races of said first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or of said third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) acting as stop elements for said objects (2).
17. Apparatus according to one of claims 11 to 16, wherein said driving roller means (19) has a longitudinal axis tilted by a preset angle (.gamma.) in relation to the axes of said stop means (17, 18).
18. Apparatus according to one of claims 11 to 17, wherein said driving roller means (19) is fixed to slide means (30) which is movable towards and away from said stop means (17, 18).
19. Apparatus for sharpening objects (2), comprising abrading means (6) having an active surface (10) arranged for abrading an end portion of said objects (2) and for creating tip means (2a) in said objects, characterised in that it further comprises moving means (33) for moving said objects (2), said moving means (33) being arranged for driving said objects (2) to interact with regions of said active surface (10).
20. Apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said moving means comprises trolley means (33) actuated by straight reciprocating movement means (34, 35).
21. Apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said trolley means (33) travels strokes the amplitude of which is substantially equal to the width of said active surface (10).
22. Apparatus according to one of claims 19 to 21, and further comprising support means (7) connected to rotation driving means (8) and arranged for supporting said abrading means (6).
23. Apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said abrading means (6) is fixed to said support means (8) through magnetic coupling means (15).
24. Apparatus according to one of claims 19 to 23, wherein said abrading means (6) comprises tool means (9) made of ferromagnetic material, on which a layer of abrasive material is located, said layer of abrasive material identifying said active surface (10).
25. Apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said magnetic coupling means comprises magnetic elements (15) arranged for interacting with said tool means (9).
26. Apparatus according to claim 25, when claim 24 is appended to claim 22, or to claim 23, wherein said support means (8) comprises flange means (12) in which chamber means (14) is created, said chamber means (14) being arranged for accommodating said magnetic elements (15).
27. Apparatus according to one of claims 19 to 26, wherein said abrading means (6) is rotated around a longitudinal axis thereof (X) by actuating means (11).
28. Apparatus according to claim 27, in which during sharpening, said objects (2) interact with said abrading means (6) so that a projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing said active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on said rotation axis (X).
29. Apparatus according to one of claims 19 to 28, and further comprising transfer means (5) arranged for rotating each of said objects (2) around a respective longitudinal axis and for simultaneously moving each of said objects (2) along said longitudinal axis to drive each of said objects (2) to interact with said abrading means (6).
30. Apparatus according to claims 29, wherein said transfer means (5) comprises driving roller means (19) arranged for interacting with said objects (2) to immobilise said objects (2) against stop means (17, 18).
31. Apparatus according to claim 30, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, respectively first contact means (24) and second contact means (25) are associated with said driving roller means (19), said first contact means (24) and said second contact means (25) being arranged for rotating said objects (2) around respective longitudinal axes.
32. Apparatus according to claim 31, wherein said first contact means comprises a first pair of O-rings (24).
33. Apparatus according to claim 31, or 32, wherein said second contact means comprises a second pair of O-rings (25).
34. Apparatus according to one of claims 30 to 33, wherein said stop means comprises first driven roller means (17) and second driven roller means (18).
35. Apparatus according to claim 34, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, respectively first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or third and fourth bearing means (28,29) are associated with said first stop means (17) and/or with said second stop means (18), the external races of said first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or of said third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) acting as stop elements for said objects (2).
36. Apparatus according to one of claims 30 to 35, wherein said driving roller means (19) has a longitudinal axis which is tilted by a present angle (.gamma.) in relation to the axes of said stop means (17, 18).
37. Apparatus according to one of claims 30 to 36, wherein said driving roller means (19) is fixed to slide means (30) which is movable towards and away from said first driven roller means (17) and said second driven roller means (18).
38. Apparatus for sharpening objects, comprising abrading means (6) provided with an active surface (10) and driven into rotation around an axis (X) for abrading an end portion of said objects (2) to create tip means (2a) in said objects (2), characterised in that, during said sharpening, said objects (2) interact with said abrading means (6) so that a projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing said active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on said rotation axis (X).
39. Apparatus according to claim 37, and further comprising support means (7) connected to rotation driving means (8) and arranged for supporting said abrading means (6).
40. Apparatus according to claim 39, wherein said abrading means (6) is fixed to said support means (8) through magnetic coupling means (15).
41. Apparatus according to one of claims 38 to 40, wherein said abrading means (6) comprises tool means (9) made of ferromagnetic material and provided with an active surface (10) obtained by depositing a layer of abrasive material.
42. Apparatus according to claim 41, wherein said magnetic coupling means comprises magnetic elements (15) arranged for interacting with said tool means (9).
43. Apparatus according to claim 42, when claim 41 is appended to claim 39, or 40, wherein said support means (8) comprises flange means (12) in which chamber means (14) is created, the chamber means (14) being arranged for accommodating said magnetic elements (15).
44. Apparatus according to claim 43, and further comprising moving means (33) for moving said objects (2), said objects (2) to interact with the entire area of said active surface (10).
45. Apparatus according to claim 44, wherein said moving means comprises trolley means (33) actuated by reciprocating straight movement by eccentric means (34), said eccentric means (34) cooperating with restoring spring means (35).
46. Apparatus according to claim 45, wherein said trolley means (33) travels strokes the amplitude of which is substantially equal to the width of said active surface (10).
47. Apparatus according to one of claims 38 to 46, and further comprising transfer means (5) arranged for rotating each of said objects (2) around a respective longitudinal axis and for simultaneously moving each of said objects (2) along said longitudinal axis, to drive each of said objects (2) to interact with said abrading means (6).
48. Apparatus according to claim 47, wherein said transfer means (5) comprises driving roller means (19) arranged for interacting with said objects (2) to immobilize said objects (2) against stop means (17, 18).
49. Apparatus according to claim 48, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, first contact means (24) and second contact means (25) are respectively associated with said driving roller means (19), said first contact means (24) and said second contact means (25) being arranged for rotating said objects (2) around respective longitudinal axes.
50. Apparatus according to claim 49, wherein said first contact means comprises a first pair of O-rings (24).
51. Apparatus according to claim 49, or 50, wherein said second contact means comprises a second pair of O-rings (25).
52. Apparatus according to one of claims 48 to 51, wherein said stop means comprises first driven roller means (17) and second driven roller means (18).
53. Apparatus according to claim 52, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, respectively first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) are associated with said first driven roller means (17) and/or with said second driven roller means (18), the external races of said first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or of said third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) acting as stop elements for said objects 2.
54. Apparatus according to one of claims 48 to 53, wherein said driving roller means (19) has a longitudinal axis which is tilted by a preset angle (.gamma.) in relation to the axes of said stop means (17, 18).
55. Apparatus according to one of the claims from 48 to 54, wherein said driving roller means (19) is fixed to slide means (30) which is movable towards and away from said stop means (17, 18).
56. Apparatus for sharpening objects (2), comprising abrading means (6) arranged for abrading an end portion of said objects (2), to create tip means (2a) in said objects (2), characterised in that it further comprises transfer means (5) arranged for rotating each of said objects (2) around a respective longitudinal axis and for simultaneously moving each of said objects (2) along said longitudinal axis to drive each of said objects (2) to interact with said abrading means (6).
57. Apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said transfer means (5) comprises driving roller means (19) arranged for interacting with said objects (2) to immobilise said objects (2) against stop means (17, 18).
58. Apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, first contact means (24) and second contact means (25) are respectively associated with said driving roller means (19), said first contact means (24) and said second contact means (25) being arranged for rotating each of said objects (2) around said respective longitudinal axis.
59. Apparatus according to claim 58, wherein said first contact means comprises a first pair of O-rings (24).
60. Apparatus according to claim 58, or 59, wherein said second contact means comprises a second pair of O-rings (25).
61. Apparatus according to one of claims 57 to 60, wherein said stop means comprises first driven roller means (17) and second driven roller means (18) which have axes that are substantially mutually parallel.
62. Apparatus according to claim 61, wherein, at axially consecutive sections, first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) are respectively associated with said first driven roller means (17) and/or with said second driven roller means (18), the external races of said first and second bearing means (26, 27) and/or of said third and fourth bearing means (28, 29) acting as stop elements for said objects (2).
63. Apparatus according to one of claims 57 to 62, wherein said driving roller means (19) has a longitudinal axis which is tilted by a preset angle (.gamma.) in relation to the axes of said stop means (17, 18).
64. Apparatus according to one of claims 57 to 63, wherein said driving roller means, (19) is fixed to slide means (30) which is movable towards and away from said stop means (17, 18).
65. Apparatus according to one of claims 59 to 64, and further comprising support means (7) connected to rotation driving means (8) and arranged for supporting said abrading means (6).
66. Apparatus according to claim 63, wherein said abrading means (6) is fixed to said support means (8) through magnetic coupling means (15).
67. Apparatus according to one of claim 56 to 64, wherein said abrading means (6) comprises tool means (9) made of ferromagnetic material.
68. Apparatus according to claim 67, when claim 66 is appended to claim 64, or 65, wherein said magnetic coupling means comprises magnetic elements (15) arranged for interacting with said tool means (9).
69. Apparatus according to claim 68, wherein said support means (8) comprises flange means (12) in which chamber means (14) are created, the chamber means (14) being arranged for accommodating said magnetic elements (15).
70. Apparatus according to claim 69, and further comprising moving means (33) for moving said objects (2), said moving means (33) being arranged for driving said objects (2) to interact with the entire area of said active surface (10).
71. Apparatus according to claim 70, wherein said moving means comprising trolley means (33) actuated by straight reciprocating movement by eccentric means (34) which cooperates with restoring spring means (35).
72. Apparatus according to claim 71, wherein said trolley means (33) travels strokes the amplitude of which is substantially equal to the width of said active surface (10).
73. Apparatus according to one of the claim 56 to 72, wherein said abrading means (6) is rotated around a longitudinal axis thereof (X) by actuating means (11).
74. Apparatus according to claim 73, in which, during said sharpening, said objects (2) interact with said abrading means (6) so that a projection of the longitudinal axis of each object (2) on a plane containing said active surface (10) is tangent to a circumference the center of which lies on said rotation axis (X).
75. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said objects comprise elongated bodies.
76. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said objects comprise welding electrodes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT2001CA000001A ITCA20010001A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2001-01-19 | APPARATUS TO SHARP OBJECTS |
| ITCA2001A000001 | 2001-01-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2368633A1 true CA2368633A1 (en) | 2002-07-19 |
Family
ID=11440977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002368633A Abandoned CA2368633A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-18 | Apparatus for sharpening objects |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020137445A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1258316A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2368633A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITCA20010001A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITRM20050018A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-15 | Dima S N C Di Boccia M & C | BLADE SHARPENING MACHINE. |
| CN102107383A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-06-29 | 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 | Electrode surface treatment method and device |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4536992A (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-08-27 | Magnetic Peripherals | Precision lapping system |
| JPH01281817A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1989-11-13 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Disk file, fitting plate and grinder |
| US5575708A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-11-19 | Alligiance Corporation | Belt grinding machine and method for forming cutting edges on surgical instruments |
| FR2747332B1 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-05-29 | Emmanuel Maurin | DEVICE FOR SHARPENING WELDING ELECTRODES |
| US6036583A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 2000-03-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Conditioner head in a substrate polisher and method |
| US6200199B1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2001-03-13 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Chemical mechanical polishing conditioner |
| DK199801383A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-04-28 | Heine Plougman Olsen | Apparatus, in particular for grinding electrodes for TIG welding |
| US6386963B1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2002-05-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Conditioning disk for conditioning a polishing pad |
| US6514123B1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2003-02-04 | Agere Systems Inc. | Semiconductor polishing pad alignment device for a polishing apparatus and method of use |
| US20020127957A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-09-12 | Shipley Kevin D. | Chemical mechanical polish pad conditioning device |
-
2001
- 2001-01-19 IT IT2001CA000001A patent/ITCA20010001A1/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-01-17 EP EP02001223A patent/EP1258316A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-18 US US10/053,127 patent/US20020137445A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-18 CA CA002368633A patent/CA2368633A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITCA20010001A0 (en) | 2001-01-19 |
| ITCA20010001A1 (en) | 2002-07-19 |
| EP1258316A2 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
| US20020137445A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
| EP1258316A3 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE3805926C2 (en) | Motor-driven hand-held unit with oscillating tool movement | |
| KR200382872Y1 (en) | Polisher of pipe inside | |
| DE60103123D1 (en) | GRINDING SPINDLE FOR GRINDING MACHINES WITH SECTIONS OF RESIN-BORN COARSE AND FINE GRAIN | |
| US2976652A (en) | Belt sander | |
| CN101687299B (en) | Abrading device | |
| EP0626235A2 (en) | Centerless grinder and wheel truing device therefor | |
| CA2368633A1 (en) | Apparatus for sharpening objects | |
| CA1195121A (en) | Grinding, welding and cutting apparatus | |
| JP4215877B2 (en) | Tool | |
| FR2431347A1 (en) | CENTERLESS GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD | |
| US440682A (en) | Burr-remover | |
| US2291164A (en) | Grinding tool | |
| US4741129A (en) | Method and apparatus for honing truck ring gear bearing surfaces | |
| KR20180095365A (en) | Griding device for exchanging giriding element | |
| DE102004035859A1 (en) | Device with at least two balance weights | |
| US2706368A (en) | Reciprocator sanding head | |
| DE4401548A1 (en) | Machining tool for profiling bearings esp. roller or grooved ball bearings | |
| US2338963A (en) | Adjustable hone | |
| JP4223934B2 (en) | Honing head | |
| US3212491A (en) | Method and apparatus for trueing and forming the working surface of a grinding wheel | |
| US677593A (en) | Grinding-machine. | |
| US20030087595A1 (en) | Abrading method and holding device | |
| KR200263394Y1 (en) | Grinding machine | |
| US3564778A (en) | Apparatus for finishing forming dies | |
| DE1557330C3 (en) | Nail file or grinder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |