CA2356591A1 - Method of and an apparatus for protecting the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system - Google Patents
Method of and an apparatus for protecting the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system Download PDFInfo
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- CA2356591A1 CA2356591A1 CA 2356591 CA2356591A CA2356591A1 CA 2356591 A1 CA2356591 A1 CA 2356591A1 CA 2356591 CA2356591 CA 2356591 CA 2356591 A CA2356591 A CA 2356591A CA 2356591 A1 CA2356591 A1 CA 2356591A1
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- warhead
- projectile
- fragments
- antimissile
- defence system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
- F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
Abstract
There is provided a method and apparatus to protect the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system. It comprises:
creating, at a certain distance in front of the warhead, a layer of mechanical fragments with the same trajectory as that of the warhead and a density that will make it impossible for the projectile of an antimissile defence system to get through the layer without hitting one or more fragments. This layer is created by an apparatus that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into its required position using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system. At the same time the warhead is equipped with 2 or more side jet engines or devices that can shoot the weight in a direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead and give the warhead an impulse in that direction. In addition, the warhead is equipped with compact radar to determine the speed and/or distance to the projectile of the antimissile defence system and to give the signal to switch on the side jet engine or to shoot the weight.
After the warhead reaches an open space, the apparatus mentioned above moves into position in front of the warhead so that it has the same trajectory as the warhead but is removed a certain distance from the latter and creates a layer of fragments. When the projectile of an antimissile defence system reaches the layer of fragments it will hit one or more of them and cause damage or lose orientation. The radar on the warhead gives a signal to the side jet or to the shooting device to give the warhead an impulse perpendicular to its trajectory to avoid contact with the damaged and/or disoriented projectile of the antimissile defence system. The second side jet engine or shooting device is used to give the warhead an impulse in the opposite direction in order to keep it on a trajectory close to original one.
creating, at a certain distance in front of the warhead, a layer of mechanical fragments with the same trajectory as that of the warhead and a density that will make it impossible for the projectile of an antimissile defence system to get through the layer without hitting one or more fragments. This layer is created by an apparatus that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into its required position using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system. At the same time the warhead is equipped with 2 or more side jet engines or devices that can shoot the weight in a direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead and give the warhead an impulse in that direction. In addition, the warhead is equipped with compact radar to determine the speed and/or distance to the projectile of the antimissile defence system and to give the signal to switch on the side jet engine or to shoot the weight.
After the warhead reaches an open space, the apparatus mentioned above moves into position in front of the warhead so that it has the same trajectory as the warhead but is removed a certain distance from the latter and creates a layer of fragments. When the projectile of an antimissile defence system reaches the layer of fragments it will hit one or more of them and cause damage or lose orientation. The radar on the warhead gives a signal to the side jet or to the shooting device to give the warhead an impulse perpendicular to its trajectory to avoid contact with the damaged and/or disoriented projectile of the antimissile defence system. The second side jet engine or shooting device is used to give the warhead an impulse in the opposite direction in order to keep it on a trajectory close to original one.
Description
Specifications:
This invention relates to the method and apparatus for protecting the warhead of a ballistic missile from the projectiles of an Antimissile Defence System (later AMDS).
The idea is to protect the warhead of the ballistic missile from the projectile by creating a layer of fragments in front of the warhead that will damage and/or change the orientation of the projectile of the AMDS and by performing an avoiding manoeuvre to avoid hitting that projectile. The layer of protecting fragments is created by an apparatus (fragment dispenser) that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into the required position using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system.
To implement this method, the warhead 1 (see Fig.l) is equipped with one or more pairs of side shooting devices 2 and compact radar attachment 3. The one or more pairs of the side jet engines 8 can be used instead of shooting devices as shown on Fig.2.
The shooting device 2 is a small canon that shoots the weight 4 in the direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead and gives an impulse of speed to the warhead. Side jet engines or shooting devices are located in position so their longitudinal axis passes through the centre of gravity (C.G.) of the warhead with attached radar so that their use will not lead to the rotation of the warhead. The use of the shooting device may be preferable to the use of jet engines because it gives the impulse to the warhead in a much shorter period of time. The size of the weights 4 depends on the mass of the warhead with the radar attachment and the speed at which the weight leaves the shooting device, but it should provide the warhead with a speed impulse that is enough to avoid hitting the projectile of AMDS (discussed later). The radar attachment 3 in the front of the warhead is used to determine the speed and/or distance to the projectile of the AMDS
and give the control signal to deploy the side jet engine or shooting device.
It uses the Doppler effect to separate the signal reflected from the projectile and the signals reflected from the objects with a speed close to the speed of the warhead.
As an option, the warhead could be equipped with foil shells (rockets) 5 as shown on Fig. l to impede the determination of the precise location of the warhead by land- or sea-based early warning radars. The foil shells (rockets) use small jet engines to leave their holding containers 6 and, after moving a certain distance from the warhead (for example, thirty to sixty meters), switch on breaking jets so that the speed of the shells (rockets) is close to that of the warhead. The shells then spread the cloud of metal foil at speeds about 10 cm/sec (0.3 foot per sec) so that the estimated size of the cloud will vary from approximately 20 meters (60 feet) after the first 100 seconds after deployment to 70 - 1 SO meters (200 - 500 feet) after 350 - 750 seconds after deployment when the attempt of interception by the AMDS will probably take place (we assume that the flight time of the warhead of intercontinental ballistic missile lies in the range of approximately 700-1500 seconds depending on the distance).
In addition to the systems mentioned above, the fragment dispenser 7 is attached to the warhead (Fig.l). The fragment dispenser (see Fig.3) is an autonomous apparatus used to create the layer of mechanical fragments in front of the warhead. It consists of a platform l, control and navigational module (control module) 2, a set of jet engines 3 to perform the necessary manoeuvres and equipment to create the layer of fragments in space. This equipment consists of the hard inner shell 4 with holes) 5 containing the gas reservoir 6 filled with compressed gas, connected to the gas valve with calibrated orifice 7. The gas valve can be opened or closed by commands from control module 2.
The hard inner shell is covered with a balloon 8 made of rubber or other gas-tight expandable material.
The layers of fragments 9 surround the balloon 8 and are held together by the walls of platform 1, made of two halves that are held together with locks 10 and could be detached from each other and fly away under the force of springs 11 on the command, given by control module 2, to open the locks 10. The springs 11 could be mechanical, pneumatic or another type.
The weight of fragments 9 is determined by the task the system is designed to perform. Thus if the task is to damage optical systems of the projectile of AMDS, the weight of fragments could be between 1.4 - 11 milligrams each and size (assuming the material is quartz Si02) 1 - 2 mm (approx 1/64" - 1/32"). If the task is to damage and/or disorient the projectile of AMDS the weight of fragments could be approximately 4 grams each and size (assuming the material is steel) around 10 mm (approx 3/8"). It is possible to use bigger or smaller fragments as well as a mixture of fragments of different sizes. Taking in account that the speed of a warhead and therefore of the fragments is around 5000 - 7000 meters per second and the speed of the projectile of AMDS
should be similar (probably not less than 2500 - 3000 meters per second to be able to intercept the warhead), these sizes of fragments should be sufficient to cause substantial damage to the optical systems or to the projectile itself depending on the size of the fragments used.
Since the kinetic energy of the object is equal mv2/2 where m is mass and v is velocity of the object, hitting the projectile with steel fragment weighing around 4 grams at the speeds mentioned above is the approximate equivalent of shooting directly at the projectile from an artillery canon with shells weighing 0.3 - 0.5 kilogram).
The bigger fragments are arranged in such a way that after being given an impulse of speed by the expanding balloon they would form the layer with an even distribution of fragments so the positions of fragments in the front semisphere of the layer do not coincide with the positions of fragments in the rear semisphere to increase the probability of the collision between the projectile of AMDS and fragments and therefore decrease the amount and total weight of fragments in the fragment dispenser.
After the warhead reaches an open space, the fragment dispenser detaches from the warhead and using one or more of its jet engines accelerates away from the warhead, then brakes (after rotating 180 degrees or using another jet engine(s)) and, using its jets, positions itself so that its speed equals the speed of the warhead, it has the same trajectory as the warhead and removed from the warhead on distance L (see Fig.4) between 10000 meters. This distance depends on the time that the warhead needs to perform the avoidance manoeuvre.
The control module 2 (Fig.3) then sends the command to open the locks 10, causing both halves of platform 1 to separate and move away, and after that opens the gas valve 7. The compressed gas from the gas reservoir 6 passes through the calibrated orifice to the inner shell 4 and through the holes) S expands the balloon 8.
The size of the orifice is chosen so that the balloon gives the impulse of speed approximately 1 - 5 cm per second (1/2 - 2 inches per second) to the layer of fragments depending on the flight time of the warhead. This creates a slowly expanding layer of fragments (see Fig.4, the distance L is equal 200 - 10000 meters as mentioned above). In this way, the diameter D of the layer of fragments will be equal 8 - 10 meters in the middle section of the warhead's trajectory where interception could take place and will reach up to 20 meters in 200 - 1000 seconds after deployment depending on initial speed of the fragments.
Assuming that the cross size of the projectile of the AMDS is close to 25 - 30 cm (10 -12 inches) the total number of fragments used for damaging and/or disorientation of the projectile should be close to 5000 (i.e. approximately 16 fragments per square meter of the cross section of the layer with an average distance between them around 25 cm (10 inches) when the diameter of the layer reaches 20 m) and the total weight of fragments will reach approximately 20 kilograms (assuming the 10 mm (3/8 ") steel fragments weighting around 4 grams each are used).
If the system is used for damaging the optical devices of the projectile of AMDS, then the average distance between fragments should be close to 1 cm (i.e.
smaller than the diameter of the lenses of the optical devices on projectile of AMDS) and the total number of fragments is equal to approximately 3,000,000. If the size of each fragment is 1 - 2 mm and fragments are made of quartz weighting 1.4 - 11 milligrams each, then the total weight of fragments will be between 4.5 - 34.5 kilograms.
A mixture of smaller and bigger fragments can be used to damage the optical devices and the projectile itself.
After the balloon gives the required impulse to the fragments, the control module closes the gas valve to prevent an explosion of the balloon that could cause the deformation of the approximately spherical shape of the layer of fragments.
When the projectile 4 of AMDS (see Fig.4) approaches the layer of fragments 2, the radar, attached to the warhead, gives the signal to deploy the side jet engine or the shooting device of the warhead. The radar uses the Doppler effect to distinguish the signal reflected by the projectile of AMDS from the signals reflected by the fragment dispenser, fragments and other objects with speeds close to speed of the warhead. The speed impulse given to the warhead should be big enough to move the latter a distance close at least to 1 meter (approx. 3 feet) perpendicular to the original trajectory in approximately 0.1 - 1 second (since distance L (see Fig.6) is equal 200 -10000 meters and the sum of the speeds of the warhead and projectile of AMDS could be close to 5 -km per second) to avoid hitting the projectile of AMDS. Based on these assumptions, the weight of the projectile of the warhead's shooting device can be determined depending on its speed and the weight of the warhead. Thus, if the required side speed of the warhead is equal to 1 meter per second and the weight of the warhead is around 80 kilograms, then the weight of projectile should be close to 0.8 kilograms if its speed is 100 meters per second.
In addition, the detached halves 3 of the particle dispenser (Fig.4) can serve as false targets for the projectile 4 of AMDS.
After the projectile 4 of AMDS passes by (let us say approximately 2-3 seconds after the initial signal from the radar), the second jet or shooting device is deployed to give the impulse to the warhead in the opposite direction to keep it on trajectory close to the original one.
As mentioned above, two or more pairs of the side jets or shooting devices can be used on the warhead to deal with the situation when more than one projectile of AMDS is deployed against the same warhead. In this case they are used sequentially, pair after pair.
When the projectile of antimissile defence system reaches the layer of fragments it will hit one or more of them causing damage to its optical system, to itself (or to both, depending on the sizes of the fragments used) and will lose orientation since in most cases the fragment will hit the projectile off its centre of gravity and cause the projectile to rotate.
Taking in account that to avoid hitting the layer of fragments, the projectile of AMDS should be at least 5 -10 meters off trajectory of the warhead in no more than 1 second before the planned collision, it makes it difficult for the projectile of AMDS to correct its trajectory to hit the warhead.
The use of the system to protect the warhead from the projectile of AMDS could add approximately SO kg or more to the weight of the warhead (including 20 -kilograms of fragments, fragment dispenser with fuel for its jets, radar attachment and side shooting devices or jets). That will lead to the decreased range of the ballistic missile. The possible solution is to use multiple warheads missiles with a decreased number of warheads, but equipped with the protective system described in this document.
Another possible use of the system similar to the one described in this document is to increase the effectiveness of the projectile of AMDS by attaching the expanding balloon with a layer of fragments similar to that one on fragment dispenser to the projectile of AMDS itself. In this case fragments could be arranged so they create only one semisphere and the size of fragments could be significantly bigger than of those in fragment dispenser used to protect the warhead. The balloon can be deployed when the projectile of AMDS is close to the warhead (let us say 0.5 - 1 second before collision) and spread fragments with speed around 1 - 2 meters per second (3 - 7 feet per second) so they create a semisphere with diameter around 2 meters at the moment of reaching the warhead (or more, or less depending on circumstances) thus increasing the effective cross section of the projectile of AMDS. In this case the total number of required fragments could be around SO (i.e. 16 per square meter with an average distance 25 cm (10") between them) and their weight could be approximately 200 grams each (approximately kilograms in total, depending on circumstances and the allowable weight of the projectile). Such a fragment hitting the warhead at speed of a few thousands meters per second should create significant damage to the warhead or destroy it.
This invention relates to the method and apparatus for protecting the warhead of a ballistic missile from the projectiles of an Antimissile Defence System (later AMDS).
The idea is to protect the warhead of the ballistic missile from the projectile by creating a layer of fragments in front of the warhead that will damage and/or change the orientation of the projectile of the AMDS and by performing an avoiding manoeuvre to avoid hitting that projectile. The layer of protecting fragments is created by an apparatus (fragment dispenser) that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into the required position using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system.
To implement this method, the warhead 1 (see Fig.l) is equipped with one or more pairs of side shooting devices 2 and compact radar attachment 3. The one or more pairs of the side jet engines 8 can be used instead of shooting devices as shown on Fig.2.
The shooting device 2 is a small canon that shoots the weight 4 in the direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead and gives an impulse of speed to the warhead. Side jet engines or shooting devices are located in position so their longitudinal axis passes through the centre of gravity (C.G.) of the warhead with attached radar so that their use will not lead to the rotation of the warhead. The use of the shooting device may be preferable to the use of jet engines because it gives the impulse to the warhead in a much shorter period of time. The size of the weights 4 depends on the mass of the warhead with the radar attachment and the speed at which the weight leaves the shooting device, but it should provide the warhead with a speed impulse that is enough to avoid hitting the projectile of AMDS (discussed later). The radar attachment 3 in the front of the warhead is used to determine the speed and/or distance to the projectile of the AMDS
and give the control signal to deploy the side jet engine or shooting device.
It uses the Doppler effect to separate the signal reflected from the projectile and the signals reflected from the objects with a speed close to the speed of the warhead.
As an option, the warhead could be equipped with foil shells (rockets) 5 as shown on Fig. l to impede the determination of the precise location of the warhead by land- or sea-based early warning radars. The foil shells (rockets) use small jet engines to leave their holding containers 6 and, after moving a certain distance from the warhead (for example, thirty to sixty meters), switch on breaking jets so that the speed of the shells (rockets) is close to that of the warhead. The shells then spread the cloud of metal foil at speeds about 10 cm/sec (0.3 foot per sec) so that the estimated size of the cloud will vary from approximately 20 meters (60 feet) after the first 100 seconds after deployment to 70 - 1 SO meters (200 - 500 feet) after 350 - 750 seconds after deployment when the attempt of interception by the AMDS will probably take place (we assume that the flight time of the warhead of intercontinental ballistic missile lies in the range of approximately 700-1500 seconds depending on the distance).
In addition to the systems mentioned above, the fragment dispenser 7 is attached to the warhead (Fig.l). The fragment dispenser (see Fig.3) is an autonomous apparatus used to create the layer of mechanical fragments in front of the warhead. It consists of a platform l, control and navigational module (control module) 2, a set of jet engines 3 to perform the necessary manoeuvres and equipment to create the layer of fragments in space. This equipment consists of the hard inner shell 4 with holes) 5 containing the gas reservoir 6 filled with compressed gas, connected to the gas valve with calibrated orifice 7. The gas valve can be opened or closed by commands from control module 2.
The hard inner shell is covered with a balloon 8 made of rubber or other gas-tight expandable material.
The layers of fragments 9 surround the balloon 8 and are held together by the walls of platform 1, made of two halves that are held together with locks 10 and could be detached from each other and fly away under the force of springs 11 on the command, given by control module 2, to open the locks 10. The springs 11 could be mechanical, pneumatic or another type.
The weight of fragments 9 is determined by the task the system is designed to perform. Thus if the task is to damage optical systems of the projectile of AMDS, the weight of fragments could be between 1.4 - 11 milligrams each and size (assuming the material is quartz Si02) 1 - 2 mm (approx 1/64" - 1/32"). If the task is to damage and/or disorient the projectile of AMDS the weight of fragments could be approximately 4 grams each and size (assuming the material is steel) around 10 mm (approx 3/8"). It is possible to use bigger or smaller fragments as well as a mixture of fragments of different sizes. Taking in account that the speed of a warhead and therefore of the fragments is around 5000 - 7000 meters per second and the speed of the projectile of AMDS
should be similar (probably not less than 2500 - 3000 meters per second to be able to intercept the warhead), these sizes of fragments should be sufficient to cause substantial damage to the optical systems or to the projectile itself depending on the size of the fragments used.
Since the kinetic energy of the object is equal mv2/2 where m is mass and v is velocity of the object, hitting the projectile with steel fragment weighing around 4 grams at the speeds mentioned above is the approximate equivalent of shooting directly at the projectile from an artillery canon with shells weighing 0.3 - 0.5 kilogram).
The bigger fragments are arranged in such a way that after being given an impulse of speed by the expanding balloon they would form the layer with an even distribution of fragments so the positions of fragments in the front semisphere of the layer do not coincide with the positions of fragments in the rear semisphere to increase the probability of the collision between the projectile of AMDS and fragments and therefore decrease the amount and total weight of fragments in the fragment dispenser.
After the warhead reaches an open space, the fragment dispenser detaches from the warhead and using one or more of its jet engines accelerates away from the warhead, then brakes (after rotating 180 degrees or using another jet engine(s)) and, using its jets, positions itself so that its speed equals the speed of the warhead, it has the same trajectory as the warhead and removed from the warhead on distance L (see Fig.4) between 10000 meters. This distance depends on the time that the warhead needs to perform the avoidance manoeuvre.
The control module 2 (Fig.3) then sends the command to open the locks 10, causing both halves of platform 1 to separate and move away, and after that opens the gas valve 7. The compressed gas from the gas reservoir 6 passes through the calibrated orifice to the inner shell 4 and through the holes) S expands the balloon 8.
The size of the orifice is chosen so that the balloon gives the impulse of speed approximately 1 - 5 cm per second (1/2 - 2 inches per second) to the layer of fragments depending on the flight time of the warhead. This creates a slowly expanding layer of fragments (see Fig.4, the distance L is equal 200 - 10000 meters as mentioned above). In this way, the diameter D of the layer of fragments will be equal 8 - 10 meters in the middle section of the warhead's trajectory where interception could take place and will reach up to 20 meters in 200 - 1000 seconds after deployment depending on initial speed of the fragments.
Assuming that the cross size of the projectile of the AMDS is close to 25 - 30 cm (10 -12 inches) the total number of fragments used for damaging and/or disorientation of the projectile should be close to 5000 (i.e. approximately 16 fragments per square meter of the cross section of the layer with an average distance between them around 25 cm (10 inches) when the diameter of the layer reaches 20 m) and the total weight of fragments will reach approximately 20 kilograms (assuming the 10 mm (3/8 ") steel fragments weighting around 4 grams each are used).
If the system is used for damaging the optical devices of the projectile of AMDS, then the average distance between fragments should be close to 1 cm (i.e.
smaller than the diameter of the lenses of the optical devices on projectile of AMDS) and the total number of fragments is equal to approximately 3,000,000. If the size of each fragment is 1 - 2 mm and fragments are made of quartz weighting 1.4 - 11 milligrams each, then the total weight of fragments will be between 4.5 - 34.5 kilograms.
A mixture of smaller and bigger fragments can be used to damage the optical devices and the projectile itself.
After the balloon gives the required impulse to the fragments, the control module closes the gas valve to prevent an explosion of the balloon that could cause the deformation of the approximately spherical shape of the layer of fragments.
When the projectile 4 of AMDS (see Fig.4) approaches the layer of fragments 2, the radar, attached to the warhead, gives the signal to deploy the side jet engine or the shooting device of the warhead. The radar uses the Doppler effect to distinguish the signal reflected by the projectile of AMDS from the signals reflected by the fragment dispenser, fragments and other objects with speeds close to speed of the warhead. The speed impulse given to the warhead should be big enough to move the latter a distance close at least to 1 meter (approx. 3 feet) perpendicular to the original trajectory in approximately 0.1 - 1 second (since distance L (see Fig.6) is equal 200 -10000 meters and the sum of the speeds of the warhead and projectile of AMDS could be close to 5 -km per second) to avoid hitting the projectile of AMDS. Based on these assumptions, the weight of the projectile of the warhead's shooting device can be determined depending on its speed and the weight of the warhead. Thus, if the required side speed of the warhead is equal to 1 meter per second and the weight of the warhead is around 80 kilograms, then the weight of projectile should be close to 0.8 kilograms if its speed is 100 meters per second.
In addition, the detached halves 3 of the particle dispenser (Fig.4) can serve as false targets for the projectile 4 of AMDS.
After the projectile 4 of AMDS passes by (let us say approximately 2-3 seconds after the initial signal from the radar), the second jet or shooting device is deployed to give the impulse to the warhead in the opposite direction to keep it on trajectory close to the original one.
As mentioned above, two or more pairs of the side jets or shooting devices can be used on the warhead to deal with the situation when more than one projectile of AMDS is deployed against the same warhead. In this case they are used sequentially, pair after pair.
When the projectile of antimissile defence system reaches the layer of fragments it will hit one or more of them causing damage to its optical system, to itself (or to both, depending on the sizes of the fragments used) and will lose orientation since in most cases the fragment will hit the projectile off its centre of gravity and cause the projectile to rotate.
Taking in account that to avoid hitting the layer of fragments, the projectile of AMDS should be at least 5 -10 meters off trajectory of the warhead in no more than 1 second before the planned collision, it makes it difficult for the projectile of AMDS to correct its trajectory to hit the warhead.
The use of the system to protect the warhead from the projectile of AMDS could add approximately SO kg or more to the weight of the warhead (including 20 -kilograms of fragments, fragment dispenser with fuel for its jets, radar attachment and side shooting devices or jets). That will lead to the decreased range of the ballistic missile. The possible solution is to use multiple warheads missiles with a decreased number of warheads, but equipped with the protective system described in this document.
Another possible use of the system similar to the one described in this document is to increase the effectiveness of the projectile of AMDS by attaching the expanding balloon with a layer of fragments similar to that one on fragment dispenser to the projectile of AMDS itself. In this case fragments could be arranged so they create only one semisphere and the size of fragments could be significantly bigger than of those in fragment dispenser used to protect the warhead. The balloon can be deployed when the projectile of AMDS is close to the warhead (let us say 0.5 - 1 second before collision) and spread fragments with speed around 1 - 2 meters per second (3 - 7 feet per second) so they create a semisphere with diameter around 2 meters at the moment of reaching the warhead (or more, or less depending on circumstances) thus increasing the effective cross section of the projectile of AMDS. In this case the total number of required fragments could be around SO (i.e. 16 per square meter with an average distance 25 cm (10") between them) and their weight could be approximately 200 grams each (approximately kilograms in total, depending on circumstances and the allowable weight of the projectile). Such a fragment hitting the warhead at speed of a few thousands meters per second should create significant damage to the warhead or destroy it.
Claims (17)
1. A method to protect the warhead of ballistic missile from projectiles of antimissile defence system comprising the following steps to be carried out:
a) launching from the warhead an apparatus that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into required position on certain distance ahead of the warhead with the same trajectory as that of the warhead using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system;
b) creating, using the apparatus mentioned in paragraph a), at a certain distance in front of warhead, a layer of mechanical fragments with the same trajectory as that of the warhead with layer's density that will make it impossible for the projectile of an antimissile defence system to get through the layer without hitting one or more fragment ;
c) determining the speed and/or distance to the projectile of antimissile defence system using a radar attached to the warhead to give the signal to switch on the side jet engine of the warhead or to shoot the weight from the warhead;
d) performing by the warhead an avoidance manoeuvre using the side jet engine or weight shooting device to give the impulse of speed to the warhead in the direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead, using a signal from the radar when the projectile of antimissile defence system approaches to the certain distance;
e) giving the impulse of speed to the warhead in direction opposite described in paragraph d) using second jet engine or weight shooting device to keep it on a trajectory close to original one.
a) launching from the warhead an apparatus that detaches from the warhead after the latter reaches an open space and moves into required position on certain distance ahead of the warhead with the same trajectory as that of the warhead using propulsion jets under control of its own navigation system;
b) creating, using the apparatus mentioned in paragraph a), at a certain distance in front of warhead, a layer of mechanical fragments with the same trajectory as that of the warhead with layer's density that will make it impossible for the projectile of an antimissile defence system to get through the layer without hitting one or more fragment ;
c) determining the speed and/or distance to the projectile of antimissile defence system using a radar attached to the warhead to give the signal to switch on the side jet engine of the warhead or to shoot the weight from the warhead;
d) performing by the warhead an avoidance manoeuvre using the side jet engine or weight shooting device to give the impulse of speed to the warhead in the direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead, using a signal from the radar when the projectile of antimissile defence system approaches to the certain distance;
e) giving the impulse of speed to the warhead in direction opposite described in paragraph d) using second jet engine or weight shooting device to keep it on a trajectory close to original one.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1 when additional expanding cloud of metal foil is created near the warhead to impede the determination of the precise position of the warhead by land- or sea-based radars.
3. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 when the weight of fragments in layer lies between 0.001 - 200 milligrams to damage optical devices of the projectile of antimissile defence system.
4. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 when the weight of fragments in layer lies between 100 milligrams to 200 grams to damage the projectile of antimissile defence system and disorient it by causing it to rotate.
5. Method as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 and 4 when the mixture of fragments described in claim 3 and 4 is used to damage optical devices of the projectile of antimissile defence system and damage and/or disorient the projectile itself.
6 Method as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 when the laser radar is used to determine the distance and/or speed of the projectile of antimissile defence system.
7. Method as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 when radio frequency radar is used to determine the distance and/or speed of the projectile of antimissile defence system.
8. Method as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 when the combination of radio frequency and laser radars is used to determine the distance and/or speed of the projectile of antimissile defence system.
9. Method as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 or 8 when the distance between the warhead and protective layer of fragments lies in the range between 200 - 10000 meters.
10. Method as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9 when the diameter of the protective layer of fragments lies in the range between 1 - 100 meters.
11. The apparatus to create the layer of fragments as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4,5,9 or 10 comprising a platform, control and navigational module, set of jet engines to perform the necessary maneuvers and equipment to create the layer of fragments in space, consisting of the hard inner shell with hole(s) containing the gas reservoir filled with compressed gas, that in turn is connected to the gas valve with calibrated orifice. The gas valve can be open or closed by commands from control module. The hard inner shell is covered with balloon made of rubber or other gas tight expandable material.
The layers of fragments surround the balloon and are held together by the walls of the platform, made of two halves that are held together with locks and could be detached from each other and fly away under force of springs on command to open the locks given by control module. The springs could be of mechanical, pneumatic or other type.
The control module sends the command to open the removable shell and opens the gas valve. The compressed gas from the gas reservoir passes the calibrated orifice to the inner shell and through the hole in it expands the balloon that gives the impulse of speed between 0.5 - 30 cm per second to the layer of fragments creating expanding layer of fragments.
The layers of fragments surround the balloon and are held together by the walls of the platform, made of two halves that are held together with locks and could be detached from each other and fly away under force of springs on command to open the locks given by control module. The springs could be of mechanical, pneumatic or other type.
The control module sends the command to open the removable shell and opens the gas valve. The compressed gas from the gas reservoir passes the calibrated orifice to the inner shell and through the hole in it expands the balloon that gives the impulse of speed between 0.5 - 30 cm per second to the layer of fragments creating expanding layer of fragments.
12. The use of detached halves of the particle dispenser claimed in claim 11 as false targets for the projectile of antimissile defence system.
13. The one or more pairs of shooting devices attached to the opposite sides of the warhead and located in position so their longitudinal axis passes through the center of gravity of the warhead with all attachments to shoot projectiles in direction perpendicular to the trajectory of the warhead and give the warhead the impulse of speed as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4,5,9 or 10.
14. The one or more pairs of shooting devices attached to the opposite sides of the warhead as claimed in claim 13 but used without the fragment dispenser to protect the warhead by performing an avoidance maneuver only (giving the warhead the impulse of speed big enough to avoid being hit by the projectile of antimissile defence system).
15. The one or more pairs of jet engines attached to the opposite sides of the warhead and located in position so their longitudinal axis passes through the center of gravity of the warhead with all attachments to give the impulse of speed to the warhead in direction perpendicular to the warhead trajectory as claimed in claim 1,2,3,4,5,9 or 10.
16. The expanding balloon with fragments similar to described in claim 11 attached to the projectile of antimissile defence system with fragments arranged in a way so they create only one semisphere with the balloon being deployed when the projectile of antimissile defence system is within 0.1- 1 sec before the collision with the warhead, spreading mechanical pieces so they create semisphere with diameter 1 - 5 meters in front of the projectile thus increasing the effective cross section of the projectile of antimissile defence system.
17. The device as claimed in claim 16 when the weight of mechanical fragments is between 4 - 4000 grams.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2356591 CA2356591A1 (en) | 2001-08-13 | 2001-08-13 | Method of and an apparatus for protecting the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2356591 CA2356591A1 (en) | 2001-08-13 | 2001-08-13 | Method of and an apparatus for protecting the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2356591A1 true CA2356591A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
Family
ID=4169892
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2356591 Abandoned CA2356591A1 (en) | 2001-08-13 | 2001-08-13 | Method of and an apparatus for protecting the warhead of ballistic missiles from projectiles of antimissile defence system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2356591A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017002446A1 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-20 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for protecting a missile |
-
2001
- 2001-08-13 CA CA 2356591 patent/CA2356591A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017002446A1 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-20 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for protecting a missile |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |