CA2344134A1 - Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid - Google Patents
Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2344134A1 CA2344134A1 CA002344134A CA2344134A CA2344134A1 CA 2344134 A1 CA2344134 A1 CA 2344134A1 CA 002344134 A CA002344134 A CA 002344134A CA 2344134 A CA2344134 A CA 2344134A CA 2344134 A1 CA2344134 A1 CA 2344134A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- radical
- acid according
- linear
- acrylophosphonic
- acrylophosphonic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- -1 arylene radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005548 dental material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003479 dental cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical group [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006832 (C1-C10) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 101150041968 CDC13 gene Proteins 0.000 description 10
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Chemical compound CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QNKGOZUWLIWNHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-dimethoxyphosphorylethoxymethyl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)CCOCC(=C)C(O)=O QNKGOZUWLIWNHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Panavia opaque Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1 AMFGWXWBFGVCKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXXHZVHYFQSELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethoxyphosphorylethanol Chemical group CCOP(=O)(CCO)OCC KXXHZVHYFQSELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZPPDWDHNIMTDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dimethoxyphosphorylethanol Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)CCO TZPPDWDHNIMTDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPTHZKIDNHJFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O.OCC(O)CO UPTHZKIDNHJFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006063 Lamide® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC=C BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPBDGZFUCODIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(2-dimethoxyphosphorylethoxymethyl)prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=C)COCCP(=O)(OC)OC NPBDGZFUCODIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001918 phosphonic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003008 phosphonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YVURAEQQLUQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;styrene Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 YVURAEQQLUQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSXOPWMMLGHLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-amino-2-methylpropyl)phosphonic acid;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(C)(N)CP(O)(O)=O FSXOPWMMLGHLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWSYWFHHWNYIQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-amino-2-methylpropyl)phosphonic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(C)(N)CP(O)(O)=O MWSYWFHHWNYIQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NQKYYPUDGSKSPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (prop-2-enoylamino)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)NC(=O)C=C NQKYYPUDGSKSPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFEWNFVBWPABCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C(O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MFEWNFVBWPABCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMAWUPHYEABFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane-1,2-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 XMAWUPHYEABFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNANGXWUZWWFKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 YNANGXWUZWWFKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN=C=O ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)C(=O)C1C2(C)C VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWBMGQYBVTVOER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-dimethoxyphosphorylethoxymethyl)-n,n-diethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C(=C)COCCP(=O)(OC)OC TWBMGQYBVTVOER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIBPJPNDSZRXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound ClCC(=C)C#N QIBPJPNDSZRXRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3,5,5-trimethyl-6-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexyl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CNC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUVSRZCUMWZBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylanilino]ethanol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CCO)CCO)C=C1 JUVSRZCUMWZBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoethanol Chemical compound OCCBr LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-phenanthroquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diacetyl Chemical group CC(=O)C(C)=O QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGRHKLUTZDNJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)(O)(O)O.C=CC(C)=C Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)O.C=CC(C)=C OGRHKLUTZDNJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020667 PBr3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Padimate O Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930006711 bornane-2,3-dione Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLNMJVMGIXUXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxyphosphoryl(phenyl)methanol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SLNMJVMGIXUXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)OCC UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(O)=O ZJXZSIYSNXKHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003178 glass ionomer cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFACZVCSDVIHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C IFACZVCSDVIHHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229930015698 phenylpropene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPNPIHIZVLFAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus tribromide Chemical compound BrP(Br)Br IPNPIHIZVLFAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HHLJUSLZGFYWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethanolamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OCCN(CCO)CCO HHLJUSLZGFYWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXPUVBFQXJHYNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-furil Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 SXPUVBFQXJHYNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F30/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F30/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3808—Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3834—Aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6509—Six-membered rings
- C07F9/650952—Six-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in the positions 1 and 4
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid with the general formula (I)
Description
Hvdrol~rsis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid The present invention relates to polymerizable acrylophosphonic acids which have a high hydrolysis stability and are suitable in particular for preparing, or as components of, polymers, adhesives or other materials and mainly dental materials.
Polymerizable phosphoric acids are of polymer-chemical importance mainly as comonomers . They allow the preparation of organic polymers with high thermal stability, good adhesion properties, high ignition temperature and good solubility in polar solvents. For this purpose, numerous monomeric phosphoric acids with polymerizable vinyl, dienyl, allyl, or styryl groups have been synthetized and polymerized. An overview of phosphoric acids is given by Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen~Chemie, Vol. E' 20 (2nd part), Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart-New York 1987, p. 1300 et seq). Examples of such conventiorr~al polymerizable phosphoric acids are vinyl phosphoric acid, allylbenzene phosphoric acid, a-aminoallyl phosphoric acid, phenylethene phosphoric acid, 1,3-butadiene or isoprene phosphoric acid, 4-vinylbenzene phosphoric acid or 2-(4-vinyiphenyl)-ethane phosphoric acid.
a Phosphoric acids in which the C=C group is bound to the phosphorus atom directly or-via an oxygen atom, such as e.g.
vinyl phosphoric acid or ethyl phosphoric acid monovinyl ester, show at most only a moderate tendency towards homopolymerization, so that only homopolymers with a low molecular weight are accessible.
High-molecular-weight polymerisates can on the other hand be obtained from (meth)acrylaphosphonic acids or esters in which the (meth)acrylic group is not bound directly to the phosphorus, but via a hydrolysis-stable spacer group. Such (meth)acrylophosphonic acid derivatives are described for example in DE-B-27 11 234.
DE-A-32 10 775 discloses 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane phosphoric acid with the formula CHZ=CH-CONH-C ( CH3 ) Z-CHZ_ P(=0)(OH)2 as well as its use for preparing copolymerides.
DE-A-33 13 819 and JP 62-63314 CChem. Abstr. 107 (1987), 41318f) disclose methacrylic acid-(2-phosphono-1,1-dimethylethylamine ) of the formula CHZ=C ( CH3 ) -CONH-C ( CH3 ) Z-CHZ-P(=0) (OH)2.
According to EP-B-0 089 654 and US-A-4 650 591 acrylic acid-(2-phosphono-1,1-dimethylethylamine), also called 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylhosphonic acid, is suitable as a corrosion inhibitor in the form of its homo- or copolymers.
DD-A-273 846 discloses adhesion promoters based on N-acyl-aminomethan-bisphosphonic acid derivatives.
These known (meth}acrylophosphonic acid derivatives are not stable in aqueous solution. Rather, they show, a hydrolytic clearage of the (meth) acrylic group which is even catalyzed by dissociated protons of the phosphoric acid group and thus accelerated.
_3_ The use of aqueous solutions is however advantageous or absolutely necessary in a whole series of applications of polymerizable phosphonic acids. This is the case e.g. in the preparation of low viscosity adhesives which are free from organic solvents, or in dental adhesives which lead to an optimal wetting of the moist dentine surfaces only in aqueous form.
DE 197 46 708 A1 discloses polymerizable acrylophosphonic acids which are hydrolysis-stable in an aqueous solution, have good adhesion properties, can be polymerized with conventional radical initiators and are therefore suitable as a component in particular of adhesives, molded articles, cements or composites and in particular dental materials. The acrylophosphonic acids show a good solubility, in the form of their carboxylic acid esters, in water and polar organic solvents, whereas in the form of carboxylic acids they are easily soluble in water but hardly soluble in organic solvents. The different dissolving behaviour of ester and acid can be disadvantageous in the case of aqueous materials, The hydrolysis of the carboxylic acid esters to produce free carboxylic acid and alcohol can significantly change the solubility of the monomers and thus lead to partial or complete precipitation of the phosphonic acid component and' thus influence the properties of the material.
The object of the invention is the preparation of polymerizable acrylophosphonic acids which are practically completely hydrolysis-stable in the presence of water at room temperature. ._ Surprisingly, this object was achieved by acrylophosphonic acids of the following general formula (I) _.
c ~X Z
R~ (~) O~---O R2 ~H n in which R1, RZ, R3, X, Y, Z and n have the following meanings a R1 - a linear or branched C~ to Cio alkylene or C6 to Cla arylene radical;
R2 - hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl or C6 to Clo aryl radical;
Y = oxygen, sulphur, CI to C~ alkylene or is absent;
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;
where X = CN, n = I and Z = absent or X = CONR3 with R3 - hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl radical or a C6 to Clo aryl radical;
provided that for n = 1 Z - hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to C1o alkyl radical or a phenyl radical; and for n = 2 to 5 Z - an aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 14 carbon atoms, substituted n times with the structure of formula (I) iri brackets, when Z and R3 may also be a part of a common ring, and when the individual radicals may be substituted or unsubstituted.
The individual alkyl, aryl, alkylene, arylene, phenyl, phenylene and arylene alkylene radicals can be substituted by one or more substituents, such as Cl, Br, CH30, OH, COOH, CN, =O, =S , =NR2 or -NR3-CO-C ( =CHZ ) CHZ-Y-R1-PO ( OH ) Z .
The nitriles (X=CN) can be transformed into the amides (X =
CONR3) and can -therefore be regarded as their precursors.
Further, there are preferred definitions for the above mentioned variables of the formula (I) which, unless otherwise stated, can be chosen independently from each other and are as follows:
R1 - a linear or branched C1 to C5 alkylene radical or phenylene;
RZ - hydrogen or a linear C1 to C3 alkyl radical;
Y = oxygen or is absent;
X = CN or CONR3 with R3 - hydrogen, a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with Z part of a six-membered ring;
n = 1 or 2;
Z = hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring (for n = 1); and Z = a linear C1 to Clo alkylene radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring (for n _> 2).
Particularly preferred meanings which can also be chosen independently of each other are:
R1 a linear or branched C1 C4 alkylene radical;
- to RZ hydrogen or a methyl radical;
-Y oxygen;
=
X CONR3;
=
R3 hydrogen or a linear C1 C5 alkyl radical;
- to Z hydrogen or a linear CI C6 alkyl radical (for n = 1);
= to and Z a linear C1 to CS alky radical ( for n _>. 2 ) .
= lene The radicals Rl, RZ, R3 and/or Y are preferably unsubtituted, the radical Z is preferably unsubstituted or substituted by =O, =S , =NRZ or -NR3-CO-C ( =CHZ ) CHZ-Y-R1-PO ( OH ) Z .
Preferred compounds are those where at least one, more preferably all, of the variables of formula (I) have the preferred definitions described above, the formula (I) including all the stereoisomers possible through the named substituents and their mixtures, such as racemates.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) (X=CN, Z is absent) can be prepared by reacting alkylphosphonic acid esters APE y-functionalized at the alkyl radical ( R2=alkyl ) with oc-halogen methylacryl nitrites ( U -halogen, preferably C1 or Br) HMAN and subsequent elimination of the alkyl groups RZ using methods known from organic chemistry for preparing C-C-, C-O- or C-S- bonds (cf. C.
Weygand, G. Hilgetag, Organisch-chemische Experimentierkunst, Johann Ambrosius Bart Verlag, Leipzig 1970, pp. 963 et seq, 362 et seq, and 657 et seq). The protection groups technique is used for the two phosphonic acid groups ,.- i . a , the reactions e.g. are carried out with the corresponding phosphonic acid esters, from which the mono- (RZ - alkyl) or d.ihydrogen phosphonic acids (RZ - H) of formula (I) are subsequently released, depending on the hydrolysis reagent used:
_7-CN CN
C N '~ O~-O F~ " U H~ ~ -F~ O H
U
OR'- R-OH
O=~-OH
O~' HMA~( APE ~~? OR'-Specifically, the reaction of o~c-chloromethylacrylnitrile with 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid dimethylester via 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxybutyl]-acrylonitrile gives, after silylation with trimethylsilyl bromide and desilyation with methanol, the corresponding phosphonic acid ~2-[4-(dihydroxy-phosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylonitrile}:
~~O- -HCl _ NC~O~~O-' NC' " I HO~~
1. BrSiMe3 2. MeOH
r ~O~~O H
NC
OH
The oc-halogen methylacrylonitriles HMAN are accessible by reacting acrylonitrile with formaldehyde in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and subsequent halogenation with inorganic acid chlorides, such as SOClZ, PC13 or PBr3 (cf. DE-OS 34 44 098 and G.F> Meijs, E. Rizzardo, S.H.
Thang, Polym. Bu11.24 (1990) 501).
For example, the reaction of acrylonitrile with formaldehyde via a-hydroxymethylacrylonitrile leads, after chlorination with thionyl chloride, to a-chloromethylacrylonitrile:
H SOCK I
H~ (DABCO) NC
NC ---+ ~C~ w~' NC _HCI,SOz _ 8 _ Suitable phosphonic acid esters APE can be obtained in different ways. A particularly suitable reaction for the preparation of alkanephospohonic acid esters is the Michaelis-Arbuzow reaction (cf. G. M. Kosolapoff, Org. Reactions 6 (1951) 273), where trialkyl phosphites, e.g. triethyl phosphite, and alkyl halides are reacted with each other a . g. .
H
R-O ~2 ~ R~ - BrR2 ~RZ
R~~ ~ r ~ RZ
Specifically, upon the reaction of triethyl phosphite with 2-bromoethanol the 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester forms:
C2H50~ H
C2H5 ~C2H5 - C2H5Br H2 + _~---~ ~H2 Br--CH2-CH2-OH C o H 2H5 The Y substituent must also be protected where appropriate. A
further possibility for the synthesis of hydroxyalkylphosphonic acid esters (YH - OH) comprises the base-catalyzed addition of dialkyl phosphites to mono- or difunctional aldehydes or ketones (F. Texier-Boullet, A.
Foucaud, Synthesis, 1982, 916):
H
X s R-0~'' ~ X 3 n ~-0R2 .
ri R-U ,j~
UR2 n Specifically, as a result of reacting diethyl phosphate with benzaldehyde,. (1-hydroxy-1-phenyl)-methylphosphonic acid diethyl ester is obtained:
__ C2H50~,~!~ ~ O°C -------~. HO H
C2H50 ~"~ O~'-OCZHS
~C2H~
The protection group is preferably eliminated by hydrolytic clearage through silylation with trialkylsilyl halides, e.g.
trimethylsilyl chloride/(NaI or NaBr), and subsequent reaction with alcohols or water (S. Freeman, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1991, 263).
The acrylophosphonic acids AP according to the invention of formula (I) (X = CONR3, n = 1) can be prepared by reaction of dialkoxyphosphoryl acrylic acids DPA with monofunctional amines in the presence of a suitable condensing agent and subsequent hydrolysis of the phosphonic acid ester groups.
Z-NHR~3 R~ -R20H~ .. Rl I
O~l'-fl R 2 O~--O R Z O~-O H
-io-Carbodiimides or phosphoroxychlorides (Houben-Weyl, Vol. 15/2, Peptides 4th Edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1974, pp.
103 et seq and 232 et seq) can be used as condensing agent for the amidation. The elimination of the phosphonic acid ester groups is carried out by means of trimethylsilyl bromide.
By way of example, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid with diethylamine via 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid diethylamide gives the corresponding acrylamidophosphonic acid ~2-[4-(dihydroxyposphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid diethylamide}:
CO-OH 4-t~1(C2H5)2 ~(C2H5)2 HN(C2H5)2 BrS'r(CH3)s ~-O H
p=P-O C H3 O~-OC H3 O
~CH3 ~H
The dialkoxyphosphoryl-acrylic acids DPA used can be prepared from the corresponding dialkoxyphosphoryl-acrylic acid alkyl esters DPAE (cf. N. Moszner, F. Zeuner, U.K. Fischer, V.
Rheinberger, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 200 (1999) by selective alkaline hydrolysis, e.g..
CO-OAlk - AIkOH_ O~-O R 2 ~R2 ~1 R
O~-O R2 Specifically, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid ethyl ester with sodium hydroxide with elimination of ethanol gives 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid:
~O-OC2H5 ~O-OH
O (NaOH) O
-C2H~OH
O-=.R-OCH3 O~-OCH3 ~CH3 ~CH3 Analogously the amidation of dialkoxyphosphoryl acrylic acids with diamines results in acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) with X=CONR3 and n = 2:
O°O H Rs R 3 p--N-Z-N-O C
H N-Z-N H ~' ~ R ~
R
~~R2 2 H20 O~--0R O~-OR2 OR2 U! R i3rSi(CH3)3 OR 2 CO -N-Z-N- O C
R~ R~
O~-O H O~-O H
OH OH
By way of example, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid with ethylenediamine gives N,N'-bis-[(6-dimethoxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl]-ethylenediamine, which can be transformed by treatment with trimethylsilyl bromide into N,N'-bis-[(C-dihydroxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl]-ethylenediamine:
~H O-HN---CHz-~CH2 NH-OC
HzN~N_Hz O~--OCH3 O -OCH3 CH30-P=O
OCH3 ~CH3 ~ OCH3 BrSi(CH3)a O O
O -OH ,HO-i~~
~H - OH
Preferred examples of acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) are i.a.:
~P(OH)z ~(OH)2 NC ~ ti NC O
H
-1,OH ~P~
NC O~~ NC OCH3 Hz ~ Hz ~P(OH)2 O _O{OH)z O
O
. . H
H5C2 ~(OH)2 H5C2 ~p(OH)z ~~ \ O O" \~ O
H C H {HsC)z ~p{OH)z s ~P(OH)2 O
p O
O
H {H~3Cs)z ~p(OH)2 H~3Cs ~pOOH)z O
O O
O
(H5C2)2 ~P{OH)2 (H5C2)2 O
~(oH)2 p ~P(OH)2 O
O
(H5C2)2 O P{OH)2 -' O
O
v (H5C2)2 {H5C2)2 ~o(OH)2 O O(OH)2 ~O H H ~(OH)2 (HO)2 tl O H /~/H ~P(OH)2°
(HO)2P~..~
,o ~~O H ~H ~~OCH3 CH30 OOH O p' \v HO PLO ~{OH)2 ( )2~~ ~
O O O
~O H ~H " Y{O H)2 (HO)2P /j"~
O O O
(HO)2P'~ H ~H S~(OH)2 O
O
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are practically completely hydrolysis-stable at room temperature.
They are therefore suitable in particular for use with aqueous mixtures.
Moreover, the acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are characterized, compared with the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives (X = COO, Z = H), by a much better solubility in polar organic solvents such as e.g. ethanol, acetone, methylene chloride or ethyl acetate. In addition, they are largely inert vis-a-vis other compounds such as e.g.
organic solvents, while by way of example the corresponding carboxylic acid esters (X = COO, Z - alkyl radical} already have a tendency towards alcoholysis at room temperature in the presence of ethanol.
Due to the presence of polymerizable groups, the acrylophosphonic acid esters according to the invention are suitable as starting materials for the preparation of polymers and copolymers. They can be homopolymerized with the known methods of radical polymerisation or copolymerized e.g. with suitable comonomers.
To carry out the polymerisation, the known radical initiators (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 13, Wiley-Interscience Publisher, New York 1988, 754 et seq) can be used: Azo compounds, such as azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) or,azobis-(4-cyanovalerianic acids} or peroxides, such as dibenzoylperoxide, dilauroylperoxide, tert.-butylperoctoate, tert.-butylperbenzoate or di.-(tert.-butyl)-peroxide are particularly suitable.
Benzopinacol and 2,2'-dialkylbenzopinacols are also suitable as initiators for hot-curing..
Furthermore, photoinitiators ( c f . J . P . Fouas s ier, J . F . Rabek (Ed.), Radiation Curing in Polymer Science and Technology, Vol. II, Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York 1993) can also be used for polymerisation with UV light or light of visible wavelengths, such as, benzoinethers, dialkylbenzil-ketals, dialkoxyacetophenones, acylphosphinic oxides, oc-diketones, such as 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, diacetyl, furil, anisil, 4,4'-dichlorobenzil and 4,4'-dialkoxybenzil, and camphorquinone The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be used in particular as a component of adhesives, cements, composites and molded articles as well as, preferably, dental materials. The compounds according to the invention can also be used in polymerized or partly polymerized form i.e. in the form of polymers such as homo- or copolymers, for example as a component of glass ionomer cements.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be polymerized alone or in a mixture with conventional radically polymerizable comonomers, in particular with difunctional crosslinking monomers. Cross-linking bi- or multifunctional acrylates or methacrylates, such as e.g. bisphenol-A-di-(meth)acrylate, bis-GMA (the addition product of methacrylic acid and bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether), UDMA (the addition product of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2,2,4-trimethylhexa-methylene diisocyanate), di-, tri- or tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropantri(meth)acrylate and pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate above all are suitable for the preparation of adhesives or dental materials. Butane diol di(meth)acrylate, 1,10-decane diol di(meth)acrylate and 1,12-dodecanediol di(meth)acrylate which are accessible by esterifying (meth}acrylic acid with the corresponding diols.
are also suitable.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be used in free form or in the form of their salts, i.e. as phosphonates or phosphonate esters. In case of the alkali-metal ions, in particular sodium and lithium ions, as well as organic ammonium ions, in particular those derived from amine accelerators such as N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-bis-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl-3,5-xylidine or 4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid-2-ethyl-hexylester are preferably used as counterions. Amine accelerators are used in the field of dentistry as a component for example of photoinitiator systems. In general they are tent. amines which can act as H-donators and thus accelerate radical generation (cf. L.A.
Linden, " Photocuring of Polymeric Dental Materials and Plastic Composite Resins" in Radiation Curing in Polymer Science and Technology, Vol. IV, J.P. Fouassier, J.F. Rabek (Editors), Elsevier Appl.Sci., London, New York 1993, 396 et seq).
Moreover, the acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention or their mixtures with other radically polymerizable comonomers can be filled with organic or inorganic particles _ or fibres to improve the mechanical properties. Preferred inorganic particulate fillers are amorphous spherical materials based on mixed oxides of SiOZ, ZrOz and/or Ti02, microfine fillers, such as pyrogenic silicic acid or precipitation silicic acid, as well as macro- or minifillers, such as quartz, glass ceramic or glass powders with an average particle size of 0.01 to 5 Vim. Furthermore, x-ray opaque fillers, such as ytterbium trifluroide, or glass fibres, polyamide or carbon fibres can also be used.
If necessary, further components can be added to the acrylophosphonic acids or mixtures thereof, above all solvents, such as water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, - 17 - ..
methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or mixtures thereof, as well as stabilisers, UV-absorbers, dyes, pigments or lubricants. Water, ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate as well as mixtures thereof are preferred as solvents for use in dental materials.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are suitable in particular as a component of dental materials, such as fixing cements and filler composites and above all dental adhesives. Such materials are characterized by a very good adhesion to different substrates, such as hard tooth substance and metallic substrates, and are hydrolysis-stable under moist conditions.
Preferred dental materials according to the invention contain the following components (a), (b), (c), (d) and/or (e):
(a) 0.5 to 99 wt.-%, preferably 10 to 80 wt.-% and particularly preferably 20 to 50 wt.-% of one or more acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention, (b) 0.01 to 5 wt.-% and preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt.-% of radical initiators, (c) 0 to 80 wt.-%, preferably 0 to 60 wt.-% and particularly preferably 0 to 50 wt.-% radically polymerizable comonomers, (d) 0 to 95 wt.-%, preferably 0 to 80 wt.-% and particularly preferably 0 to 70 wt.-% solvents, in particular water, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof as well as mixtures of water with the named organic solvents, (e) 0 to 90 wt.-%, particularly preferably, depending on the application, 0 to 20 wt.-% (adhesive), 20 to 60 wt.-o (cement} and 60 to 85 wt.-o (filling composite) filler.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the dental materials according to the invention are free from acrylo-phosphonic acids such as. are described by e.g. way of example in DE 197 46 708.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following using examples.
Examples Example 1:
Step 1~ 2- ~4-(dimethoxypho ~horyl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrvlic acid H O O~~O-O O_ 250 ml (0.5 mol) 2 N KOH are added dropwise to 133 g (0.5 mol}
2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-ethyl acetate, which is accessible by reacting 2-hydroxyethyl-phosphonic acid diethyl ester and cc-chloromethylacrylic-acid ethyl ester, (cf.
N. Moszner, F. Zeuner, U.IC. Fischer, V. Rheinberger, Macromol.
Chem. Phys. 200 (1999) 1062), so that the temperature remains between --5 and 0°C. Then the reaction mixture is stirred for 2 hours at this temperature and subsequently for another 2 hours at 25°C. The product is washed three times with 250 ml methylene chloride each time, the residual aqueous phase is then adjusted to a pH-value of 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted 3 times with 250 ml methylene chloride each time . After the organic extracts have been dried n -19- --' over anhydrous sodium sulphate, they are concentrated on a rotary evaporator and dried at 40°C in fine vacuum until their weight is constant. 106 g (89 o yield) of a colourless, viscous liquid remain, which solidifies after prolonged standing at -18°C.
Elemental analysis:
C$H1506P: Calc.: C 40.34 H 6.35 (238.18) Found:: C 40.24 H 6.52 IR ~GKBrl cm 11 :2958 ( s ) , 1712 ( s ) , 1634 (m) , 1455 (m} , 1386 (m), 1218 (s), 1180 (s), 1104 (s), 1033 {s), 956 (m), 824 (m), 702 {w), 651 (m).
1H-NMR ,j400 MHz, CDC13_Ppm) 2.16-2.27 (m, 2H, CHZP), 3.70-3.80 ( m, 7 H, CH3+CHZCHZO ) , 4 . 21 ( S , 2H, C=C-CHzO } , 5 . 9 2 and 6 . 3 7 ( s , 2xlH; CHZ=C), 10.65 (s, 1H, COOH).
13C-NMR X100 MHz, CDCl~~m,~ 22.85 and 24.05 (CH2P), 51.32 ( CH3 ) , 6 2 . 3 4 ( CHZC_HZO } , 6 6 . 9 9 ( C=C-C_HZO ) , 12 4 . 18 and 13 4 . 8 3 (C=CHZ), 166.08 (C=0).
31p-NMR X161.9 MHz, CDC13,~-_ppml 32.6.
Step 2~ 2-f4-~ dimethoxvphos~horyl~i-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid dieth~lamide f 2 ) O~~O ..-O
10.2 g (140 mmol} diethylamine are added dropwise at -5°C to a solution of 35.2 g (148 mmol) 1, 0.5 g (4.1 mmol) 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP} and 8 g hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ), stabiliser), in 280 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride so that the temperature does nvt exceed 0°C.
Subsequently; 27.0 g (141 mmol) N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) are added at the same temperature.
After further stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture is diluted with 420 ml of methylene chloride after 20 hours and then extracted twice, in each case firstly with 2 N
NaOH and then with 2 N HC1. Finally, the mixture is washed with saturated NaHC03 solution and saturated NaCl solution.
After the methylene chloride phase has been dried over anhydrous NazS04, it is concentrated on a rotary evaporator and the residue is dried at 40°C and 0.2 mbar until its weight is constant. The Fine-vacuum distillation of the obtained raw product resulted in 21.1 g (52a yield) of a bright-yellow oil at boiling point 1~9 °C (0.08 mbar)..
Elemental analysis:
CizH24NOsP: Calc . : ~ C 49 . 14 H 8. 25 . N 4 . 78 (293.30) Found.: C 47.77 H 8.22 N 5.02 IR ~KBr, cm-11: 3478 (b), _2972 (m), 1644 (s), 1620 (s), 1462 (s), 1252 (s), 1101 (s), 1032 (s), 947 (m), 821 (s).
1H-NMR ~ 400 MHz , CDC13 ppml 1. 19 (t, 6H, CH CHIN) , 2 . 08-2 . 16 (m, 2H, PCHzCH20) , 3.43 (q, 4H, CH3CHzN) , 3. 68-3. 79 (m, 8H, OCH3 and PCHZCHZO), 4.18 (s, 2H, OCHZC=), 5.19 and 5.39 (s, 2xlH;
CHZ= ) .
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDC13, ppml 14.36 and 15.06 (CH3CHZN), 25.28 and 2 6 . 6 8 ( PC_HZCHZO ) , 3 8 . 8 9 and 4 2 . 8 0 ( CH3C_HZN ) , 5 2 . 3 2 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 6 3 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 71. 6 4 ( OCHZC= ) , 114 . 5 7 ( CH2= ) , 14 2 . 2 2 ( C=CHZ ) , 169.81 (C=O).
31P-NMR y161 . 9 MHz , CDC13.,, ppml 31 . 26 .
-21~ _.
Step 3s 2-[,4-(,dihydroxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutvll-acrylic acid dieth~lamide ~( 31 17 g (111 mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide are slowly added dropwise to 13.5 g (51 mmol) of compound 2 and the mixture is subsequently stirred for 2 hours at 40°C. Afterwards, it is firstly concentrated in a water-jet vacuum and then in a fine vacuum {0.2 mbar), 70 ml of absolute methanol are added and the mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. The slightly yellowish, clear solution is concentrated on the rotary evaporator and dried off in fine vacuum (0.2 mbar) at 40°C until its weight is constant. 13.5 g (1000 yield) of a bight yellow oil remain as product-, which has a HPLC purity of 98.1 0.
IR ~filml cm~llo 2975 (s),..2936 (s), 2877 (s), 1570 (s), 1489 {s), 1460 (m), 1317 (m), 1215 (s), 1137 (s), 1010 (s), 944 {s), 790 (w).
1H-NMR X400 MHz, CDC1~~ ppml 1: 15 (t, 6H, CH CHIN) , 2 .06-2. 15 (m, 2H, PCHZCH20) , 3 . 40-3. 45 (m, 4H, CH3CHZN) , 3 . 73-3. 80 (m, 2H, PCHzCH20 ) , 4 . 17 ( s, 2H, OCHZC=} , 5 . 18 and 5 . 38 ( s, 2xlH;
CHZ=), 11.90 (s, 2H, OH}.
isC-NMR y100. MHz, CDCl~., ppm) 11.71 and 13.27 (CH3CHZN), 26.42 and 2 7 . 8 0 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 3 8 . 5 6 and 4 2 . 3 9._ ( CH3CH2N ) , 6 4 . 2 0 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 7 0 . 5 0 ( OC_HZC=,) , 115 . 0 5 ( CHZ= ) , 14 0 . 3 0 ( C=CHZ
) , 170.10 (C=O).
sip-NMR ( 161. 9 MHzL CDC13-ppml 28. 30 .
Example 2:
Step 1~ 2-f4-~(dimethoxyphosphoryll-2-oxabutyl]-acrvlonitrile NC ~(OCH3)2 86.3 g (850 mmol) 2-(chloromethyl)-acrylonitrile are added dropwise at room temperature to a solution of 130.9 g (850 mmol) 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid dimethylester, 85.9 g (850 mmol ) triethylamine ( TEA) and 40 mg phenothiazine ( stabilizer ) in 1 1 THF. Subsequently, the mixture is heated for 6 hours at 65°C under reflex. 9.1 g (90 mmol) TEA and 9.1 g (90 mmol) 2-(chloromethyl)-acrylanitrile are once again added one after the other and the mixture is heated for a further 24 hours under reflex. After the reaction mixture has cooled, the formed deposit of TEA hydrochloride is filtered out and is washed twice with 50 ml THF. After the THF phases have been concentrated on the rotary evaporator, the residual raw product is taken up in 650 ml methylene chloride and washed ' twice with water. After it has been dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, the mixture is concentrated and the residual liquid undergoes fractional distillation in the fine vacuum.
lOl.Og (54o yield) of a colourless liquid results at b.p.
150°C (0.05 mbar).
Elemental analysis.-C$H14N04P: Calc.: C 43.84 H 6.44 N 6.39 (219.16) Found.: C 43.11 H 6.98 N 6.29 IR {film, cm ~l: 2956 (m), 2227 (m), 1626 (w), 1464 (m}, 1397 (m), 1250 (s), 1107 (s), 1032 (s), 944 (s), 821 (s).
1H-NMR ( 400 MHz . CDC13 ppml 2 . 07-2 .19 (m, 2H, PCHzCHZO) , 3 . 71-3 . 8 3 ( m, 8H, -OCH3 and PCHZCHZO ) , 4 . 11 ( s , 2 H OCHZC= ) , 6 . 0 6 ( s , 2H; CHZ= ) .
1sC-NMR ( 100 MHz, CDCI~~~ 25. O1 and 26 . 41 (PCHZCHZO) , 52. 71 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 5 8 ( PCHzCH20 ) , 7 0 . 0 3 ( OCHZC= ) , i 17 . 18 ( CN ) , 12 0 . 4 0 ( C=CHZ ) , 13 2 . 8 2 ( CH2= ) . ._ 31P-NMR X161. 9 MHz , CDC13-ppm l 3 0 . 7 3 .
Step 2: 2-~4-(dihydroxyphosphoryll-2-oxabutvl~-acrvlonitrile NC ~W /~p(pH)2 Analogously to the preparation of 3, 55.0 g (250 mmol) 5 were reacted with 84.2 g {550. mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide and worked up. 47.5 g (99% yield) of a dark, wax-like solid resulted.
Elemental analysis:
C6H1oN04P : Calc . : C 3 7 . 71 H 5 . 2 7 N 7 . 3 3 (191.12) Found.: C 36.15 H 5.60 N 7.26 IR yfilm,, cm 11 : 2884 (m) , 2228 (m) , 1722 (w) , 1456 (w) , 1398 {w), 1103 (s), 2009 (s), 954 (s).
1H-NMR t 400 MHz, CDC13 ppml 2 . 16-2 . 23 (m, 2H, PCHZCHZO) , 3. 67-3.81 (m, 2H, PCHZ-CHZO), 4.10 (s, 2H, OCHZC=), 6.07 (s, 2H;
CHZ=), 10.93 (s, 2H, OH).
_24_ _ 13C-NMR X100 MHz,. CDC13-ppml 34. 06 and 35. 9.6 (PC-HZCHZO) , 72 > 04 (PCHZC_HZO), _76.90 (OCHZC=), 124.28 (CN), 126.66 (C=CHZ), 139.81 ( cHZ= } .
sip-NMR X161. 9 MHz . CDC13-ppml 30 . 71.
Example 3:
Step 1~ N~ N'-bis- ~~~6-dimethoxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methvlene-hexanoyl],-112-diaminoethane (61 Analogously to the preparation of 2, a solution of 94 g (395 mmol) 1, 1.3 g (10.8 mmol) DMAP and 18 mg MEHQ in 750 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride were reacted at -5°C with 10.8 g (180 mmol) ethylenediamine and 69.3 g (360 mmol) EDC. After analogous working-up of the reaction mixture, 26.8 g (300 yield) of a yellow oil resulted.
Elemental analysis:
C1aH34NzOaPa: Calc . : C 43 . 20 H 6 . 85 N 5 . 60 (500.43) Found>: C 43.04 H 6.94 N 5.52 IR (,film, cm 11: 3322 (m), 2954 (m), 1667 (s), 1622 (s}, 1538 (s}, 1248 (s), 1104 (s), 1032 (s), 951 (w), 823 (m).
1H- -NMR ( 400 MHz p CDC13 ppm) 2 . 07-2 . 18 (m', 4H, PCHZCHZO) , 3 . 52 ( s , 4H, CH2NH ) , 3 . 71-3 . 7 9 ( m, 16H, OCH3 and PCHZCH20 ) , 4 . 2 0 ( s , 4H, OCHZC=), 5.59 and 6.06 (s, 2x2H; CHZ=), 7.84 (s, 2H, NH).
_25~ _ 1sC-NMR ( 10 0 MHzl CDC1~ , perm l 2 4 . 8 8 and 2 6 . 2 8 ( PCHZCH20 ) , 3 9 . 5 7 ( CHZNH ) , 5 2 . 4 5 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 2 0 ( PCHzCH20 } , 7 0 7 9 ( OC_HZC= ) , 12 3 . 3 4 (CH2=), 139.50 (C=CHZ), 167.20 (C=0}.
slp-NMR ( 161. 9 MHz CDC13=,~t~ml . 31. 74 .
S_te~ 2: N.N'-bis-[~6-dihydroxyphosphoryl)~-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl, -1,2-diaminoethane ~(7y ~(O H)2 O
Analogously to the preparation . of 3, 11. 3 8 ( 22 . 6 mmol ) 6 were reacted with 15.3 g {100 mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide and worked up. 10 g {96% yield) of a redish solid resulted.
IR ,(film. cm-11: 3347 (s, b); 2880 (s), 2318 (m), 1659 (s}, 1622 {s), 1609 (s), 1552 (s), 1438 (m}, 1362 (m), 1316 (m}, 1095 {s), 1002 (s), 935 (s), 715 (m).
1H-NMR 1,400 MHz, CDC13 ppml 1.94-2.02 {m, 4H, PCH2CH20), 3.34 s, 4H, CHZNH) , 3 . 50-3 . 65 (m, 4H, PCHZCHZO) , 4 . 10 ( s, , 4H, OCHZC=), 4.70 (s, POH+HZO), 5.64 and 6.23 (2s, 2x2H; CHZ=).
13C-NMR ~~100 MHz,, CDC13_ppml 26.95 and 28,.29 (PCHZCHZO), 39.05 ( CHZNH ) , 6 4 . 6 6 ( PCHZC_H20 ) , 7 0 . 2 4 (.OCHZC= ) , 12 5 . 0 4 ( CHZ=
) , 13 9 . 3 9 {C=CHZ}, 170.32 (C=0).
31p-NMR X161.9 MHz,. CDC13,= t~t?m) 26.89.
-2s_ -Example 4 Radical homopolymerization of monomers 3 and 5 5.31 g (20.0 mmol) of monomer 3 and 3.82 g (20.0 mmol) of monomer 5 respectively are combined with 2.0 mol-o 2,2'-azobis(isobutyric acid~amidine)dihydrochloride and filled up with distilled water to 10 ml monomer solution in a Schlenk-receptacle. The monomer solutions are degassed by multiple repeated freezing under argon and thawing under a fine vacuum and subsequently polymerized under argon at 65°C. During the polymerisation, the viscosity of the starting solution increases perceptibly. After 2 hours, the solutions are precipitated in 10 times the quantity of tetrahydrofuran and dried until its weight is constant. The monomer conversion rate thus gravimetrically established is 23.1 o for monomer 3 and 13.7% for monomer 5. The success of the polymerisation can also be confirmed by 1NMR spectroskopically.
Example 5 Investigation of the hydrolytic stability of monomers 3 and 5 Monomers 3 and 5 are each dissolved in a 1:1 mixture of water and ethanol and stored as 20% solution at 37°C. The 1H-NMR
spectrum of the solution is recorded weekly. During the 12-week investigation period, there was no change in the spectrum of monomer 3 or 5, which shows their hydrolytic stability.
tinder analogous conditions, the _ monomer 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid ethyl ester (comparison monomer l; X = COO, Z = ethyl) was investigated, a 20% hydrolytic elimination of the ethoxy group being established by 1H-NMR spectroscopy after 3 months according to the following equation:
C H~~~~ C H~O
H °~ H20 =~ ~ H
"~/ H
- + C2H50H
Vergle'schsmonomer 1 Example 6 Investigation of the dentine adhesion of monomer 3 An adhesive of the following composition (amounts in weight-%) was prepared to examine the dentine adhesion to bovine tooth dentine.
Monomer 3: 11.1%
Glycerine dimethacrylate: 11.0%
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 20.0%
Ethanol: 24.0%
bis-GMA: 33.1%
Photoinitiator: - 0.~%
Bovine teeth are imbedded in plastic cylinders so that the dentine and the plastic are located on one level. After 15 seconds9 etching with 37% phosphoric acid thorough rinsing is carried gut with water. The dentubili are opened by the acid etching. Then a layer of adhesive of the above composition is painted on with a microbrush, blown on briefly with the air blower to remove the solvent and lit for 40 seconds with a halogen lamp (Astralis 7, Vivadent) . A composite cylinder made of Tetric Ceram (Vivadent) is polymerized. onto the adhesive layer in two layers of 1 to 2 mm each. Subsequently the testpieces are stored in water for 24 hours at 37°C and then the adhesive strength is determined. A value of 23.2 MPa was recorded.
a ' _28_ _ Example 7 Investigation of the adhesion to enamel of monomer 5 An adhesive of the following composition (amount in weight-%) was prepared to examine the adhesion to enamel on bovine teeth: --Monomer 5: 11.0%
Glycerine dimethacrylate: 10.0%
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 20.0%
Ethanol: 25.5%
bis-GMA: 32.7%
Photoinitiator: 0.8%
Bovine teeth are imbedded in plastic cylinders so that the enamel zone and the plastic are located on one level. After 15 seconds' of etching with a 30% phosphoric acid thorough rinising is carried out with water. Then a layer of adhesive of the above composition_ is painted on with a microbrush, blown on briefly with the air blower to remove the solvent and lit for 40 seconds with a halogen lamp (Astralis 7, Vivadent} .
A composite cylinder made of Tetric Ceram {Vivadent) is polymerized onto the adhesive layer in two layers of 1 to 2 mm each. Subsequently the testpieces are stored in water for 24 hours at 37°C and then the adhesive strength is determined. A
value of 15.5 MPa was recorded.
Example 8 Investigation of the solubility of monomers 3 and 5 The solubility of monomers 3 and 5 and of a comparison monomer (comparison monomer 2; X - COO, Z - H) in water, ethanol, acetone, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate was investigated. The results are given below.
Table 1 Comparison of the .solubilities carbonic acid, carbonic of acid amide and carbonic acid trile ni derivatives of acrylophosphonic acid lSolubility/monomer-~ 3 5 Comparison monomer 2 water ++ ++ ++
ethanol ++ ++ p methylene chloride ++ ++ 0 acetone ++ ++ 0 ethyl acetate ++ ++ 0 Solubility: ++: very good (> 20 wt.-%), +: good {10 - 20 wt.-%), Oa practically insoluble (< 1 wt.-o).
H
CHI
l/ergleichsmonomer 2 H
H
v
Polymerizable phosphoric acids are of polymer-chemical importance mainly as comonomers . They allow the preparation of organic polymers with high thermal stability, good adhesion properties, high ignition temperature and good solubility in polar solvents. For this purpose, numerous monomeric phosphoric acids with polymerizable vinyl, dienyl, allyl, or styryl groups have been synthetized and polymerized. An overview of phosphoric acids is given by Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen~Chemie, Vol. E' 20 (2nd part), Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart-New York 1987, p. 1300 et seq). Examples of such conventiorr~al polymerizable phosphoric acids are vinyl phosphoric acid, allylbenzene phosphoric acid, a-aminoallyl phosphoric acid, phenylethene phosphoric acid, 1,3-butadiene or isoprene phosphoric acid, 4-vinylbenzene phosphoric acid or 2-(4-vinyiphenyl)-ethane phosphoric acid.
a Phosphoric acids in which the C=C group is bound to the phosphorus atom directly or-via an oxygen atom, such as e.g.
vinyl phosphoric acid or ethyl phosphoric acid monovinyl ester, show at most only a moderate tendency towards homopolymerization, so that only homopolymers with a low molecular weight are accessible.
High-molecular-weight polymerisates can on the other hand be obtained from (meth)acrylaphosphonic acids or esters in which the (meth)acrylic group is not bound directly to the phosphorus, but via a hydrolysis-stable spacer group. Such (meth)acrylophosphonic acid derivatives are described for example in DE-B-27 11 234.
DE-A-32 10 775 discloses 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane phosphoric acid with the formula CHZ=CH-CONH-C ( CH3 ) Z-CHZ_ P(=0)(OH)2 as well as its use for preparing copolymerides.
DE-A-33 13 819 and JP 62-63314 CChem. Abstr. 107 (1987), 41318f) disclose methacrylic acid-(2-phosphono-1,1-dimethylethylamine ) of the formula CHZ=C ( CH3 ) -CONH-C ( CH3 ) Z-CHZ-P(=0) (OH)2.
According to EP-B-0 089 654 and US-A-4 650 591 acrylic acid-(2-phosphono-1,1-dimethylethylamine), also called 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylhosphonic acid, is suitable as a corrosion inhibitor in the form of its homo- or copolymers.
DD-A-273 846 discloses adhesion promoters based on N-acyl-aminomethan-bisphosphonic acid derivatives.
These known (meth}acrylophosphonic acid derivatives are not stable in aqueous solution. Rather, they show, a hydrolytic clearage of the (meth) acrylic group which is even catalyzed by dissociated protons of the phosphoric acid group and thus accelerated.
_3_ The use of aqueous solutions is however advantageous or absolutely necessary in a whole series of applications of polymerizable phosphonic acids. This is the case e.g. in the preparation of low viscosity adhesives which are free from organic solvents, or in dental adhesives which lead to an optimal wetting of the moist dentine surfaces only in aqueous form.
DE 197 46 708 A1 discloses polymerizable acrylophosphonic acids which are hydrolysis-stable in an aqueous solution, have good adhesion properties, can be polymerized with conventional radical initiators and are therefore suitable as a component in particular of adhesives, molded articles, cements or composites and in particular dental materials. The acrylophosphonic acids show a good solubility, in the form of their carboxylic acid esters, in water and polar organic solvents, whereas in the form of carboxylic acids they are easily soluble in water but hardly soluble in organic solvents. The different dissolving behaviour of ester and acid can be disadvantageous in the case of aqueous materials, The hydrolysis of the carboxylic acid esters to produce free carboxylic acid and alcohol can significantly change the solubility of the monomers and thus lead to partial or complete precipitation of the phosphonic acid component and' thus influence the properties of the material.
The object of the invention is the preparation of polymerizable acrylophosphonic acids which are practically completely hydrolysis-stable in the presence of water at room temperature. ._ Surprisingly, this object was achieved by acrylophosphonic acids of the following general formula (I) _.
c ~X Z
R~ (~) O~---O R2 ~H n in which R1, RZ, R3, X, Y, Z and n have the following meanings a R1 - a linear or branched C~ to Cio alkylene or C6 to Cla arylene radical;
R2 - hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl or C6 to Clo aryl radical;
Y = oxygen, sulphur, CI to C~ alkylene or is absent;
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;
where X = CN, n = I and Z = absent or X = CONR3 with R3 - hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl radical or a C6 to Clo aryl radical;
provided that for n = 1 Z - hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to C1o alkyl radical or a phenyl radical; and for n = 2 to 5 Z - an aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 14 carbon atoms, substituted n times with the structure of formula (I) iri brackets, when Z and R3 may also be a part of a common ring, and when the individual radicals may be substituted or unsubstituted.
The individual alkyl, aryl, alkylene, arylene, phenyl, phenylene and arylene alkylene radicals can be substituted by one or more substituents, such as Cl, Br, CH30, OH, COOH, CN, =O, =S , =NR2 or -NR3-CO-C ( =CHZ ) CHZ-Y-R1-PO ( OH ) Z .
The nitriles (X=CN) can be transformed into the amides (X =
CONR3) and can -therefore be regarded as their precursors.
Further, there are preferred definitions for the above mentioned variables of the formula (I) which, unless otherwise stated, can be chosen independently from each other and are as follows:
R1 - a linear or branched C1 to C5 alkylene radical or phenylene;
RZ - hydrogen or a linear C1 to C3 alkyl radical;
Y = oxygen or is absent;
X = CN or CONR3 with R3 - hydrogen, a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with Z part of a six-membered ring;
n = 1 or 2;
Z = hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to Clo alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring (for n = 1); and Z = a linear C1 to Clo alkylene radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring (for n _> 2).
Particularly preferred meanings which can also be chosen independently of each other are:
R1 a linear or branched C1 C4 alkylene radical;
- to RZ hydrogen or a methyl radical;
-Y oxygen;
=
X CONR3;
=
R3 hydrogen or a linear C1 C5 alkyl radical;
- to Z hydrogen or a linear CI C6 alkyl radical (for n = 1);
= to and Z a linear C1 to CS alky radical ( for n _>. 2 ) .
= lene The radicals Rl, RZ, R3 and/or Y are preferably unsubtituted, the radical Z is preferably unsubstituted or substituted by =O, =S , =NRZ or -NR3-CO-C ( =CHZ ) CHZ-Y-R1-PO ( OH ) Z .
Preferred compounds are those where at least one, more preferably all, of the variables of formula (I) have the preferred definitions described above, the formula (I) including all the stereoisomers possible through the named substituents and their mixtures, such as racemates.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) (X=CN, Z is absent) can be prepared by reacting alkylphosphonic acid esters APE y-functionalized at the alkyl radical ( R2=alkyl ) with oc-halogen methylacryl nitrites ( U -halogen, preferably C1 or Br) HMAN and subsequent elimination of the alkyl groups RZ using methods known from organic chemistry for preparing C-C-, C-O- or C-S- bonds (cf. C.
Weygand, G. Hilgetag, Organisch-chemische Experimentierkunst, Johann Ambrosius Bart Verlag, Leipzig 1970, pp. 963 et seq, 362 et seq, and 657 et seq). The protection groups technique is used for the two phosphonic acid groups ,.- i . a , the reactions e.g. are carried out with the corresponding phosphonic acid esters, from which the mono- (RZ - alkyl) or d.ihydrogen phosphonic acids (RZ - H) of formula (I) are subsequently released, depending on the hydrolysis reagent used:
_7-CN CN
C N '~ O~-O F~ " U H~ ~ -F~ O H
U
OR'- R-OH
O=~-OH
O~' HMA~( APE ~~? OR'-Specifically, the reaction of o~c-chloromethylacrylnitrile with 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid dimethylester via 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxybutyl]-acrylonitrile gives, after silylation with trimethylsilyl bromide and desilyation with methanol, the corresponding phosphonic acid ~2-[4-(dihydroxy-phosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylonitrile}:
~~O- -HCl _ NC~O~~O-' NC' " I HO~~
1. BrSiMe3 2. MeOH
r ~O~~O H
NC
OH
The oc-halogen methylacrylonitriles HMAN are accessible by reacting acrylonitrile with formaldehyde in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and subsequent halogenation with inorganic acid chlorides, such as SOClZ, PC13 or PBr3 (cf. DE-OS 34 44 098 and G.F> Meijs, E. Rizzardo, S.H.
Thang, Polym. Bu11.24 (1990) 501).
For example, the reaction of acrylonitrile with formaldehyde via a-hydroxymethylacrylonitrile leads, after chlorination with thionyl chloride, to a-chloromethylacrylonitrile:
H SOCK I
H~ (DABCO) NC
NC ---+ ~C~ w~' NC _HCI,SOz _ 8 _ Suitable phosphonic acid esters APE can be obtained in different ways. A particularly suitable reaction for the preparation of alkanephospohonic acid esters is the Michaelis-Arbuzow reaction (cf. G. M. Kosolapoff, Org. Reactions 6 (1951) 273), where trialkyl phosphites, e.g. triethyl phosphite, and alkyl halides are reacted with each other a . g. .
H
R-O ~2 ~ R~ - BrR2 ~RZ
R~~ ~ r ~ RZ
Specifically, upon the reaction of triethyl phosphite with 2-bromoethanol the 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester forms:
C2H50~ H
C2H5 ~C2H5 - C2H5Br H2 + _~---~ ~H2 Br--CH2-CH2-OH C o H 2H5 The Y substituent must also be protected where appropriate. A
further possibility for the synthesis of hydroxyalkylphosphonic acid esters (YH - OH) comprises the base-catalyzed addition of dialkyl phosphites to mono- or difunctional aldehydes or ketones (F. Texier-Boullet, A.
Foucaud, Synthesis, 1982, 916):
H
X s R-0~'' ~ X 3 n ~-0R2 .
ri R-U ,j~
UR2 n Specifically, as a result of reacting diethyl phosphate with benzaldehyde,. (1-hydroxy-1-phenyl)-methylphosphonic acid diethyl ester is obtained:
__ C2H50~,~!~ ~ O°C -------~. HO H
C2H50 ~"~ O~'-OCZHS
~C2H~
The protection group is preferably eliminated by hydrolytic clearage through silylation with trialkylsilyl halides, e.g.
trimethylsilyl chloride/(NaI or NaBr), and subsequent reaction with alcohols or water (S. Freeman, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1991, 263).
The acrylophosphonic acids AP according to the invention of formula (I) (X = CONR3, n = 1) can be prepared by reaction of dialkoxyphosphoryl acrylic acids DPA with monofunctional amines in the presence of a suitable condensing agent and subsequent hydrolysis of the phosphonic acid ester groups.
Z-NHR~3 R~ -R20H~ .. Rl I
O~l'-fl R 2 O~--O R Z O~-O H
-io-Carbodiimides or phosphoroxychlorides (Houben-Weyl, Vol. 15/2, Peptides 4th Edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1974, pp.
103 et seq and 232 et seq) can be used as condensing agent for the amidation. The elimination of the phosphonic acid ester groups is carried out by means of trimethylsilyl bromide.
By way of example, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid with diethylamine via 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid diethylamide gives the corresponding acrylamidophosphonic acid ~2-[4-(dihydroxyposphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid diethylamide}:
CO-OH 4-t~1(C2H5)2 ~(C2H5)2 HN(C2H5)2 BrS'r(CH3)s ~-O H
p=P-O C H3 O~-OC H3 O
~CH3 ~H
The dialkoxyphosphoryl-acrylic acids DPA used can be prepared from the corresponding dialkoxyphosphoryl-acrylic acid alkyl esters DPAE (cf. N. Moszner, F. Zeuner, U.K. Fischer, V.
Rheinberger, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 200 (1999) by selective alkaline hydrolysis, e.g..
CO-OAlk - AIkOH_ O~-O R 2 ~R2 ~1 R
O~-O R2 Specifically, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid ethyl ester with sodium hydroxide with elimination of ethanol gives 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid:
~O-OC2H5 ~O-OH
O (NaOH) O
-C2H~OH
O-=.R-OCH3 O~-OCH3 ~CH3 ~CH3 Analogously the amidation of dialkoxyphosphoryl acrylic acids with diamines results in acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) with X=CONR3 and n = 2:
O°O H Rs R 3 p--N-Z-N-O C
H N-Z-N H ~' ~ R ~
R
~~R2 2 H20 O~--0R O~-OR2 OR2 U! R i3rSi(CH3)3 OR 2 CO -N-Z-N- O C
R~ R~
O~-O H O~-O H
OH OH
By way of example, the reaction of 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid with ethylenediamine gives N,N'-bis-[(6-dimethoxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl]-ethylenediamine, which can be transformed by treatment with trimethylsilyl bromide into N,N'-bis-[(C-dihydroxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl]-ethylenediamine:
~H O-HN---CHz-~CH2 NH-OC
HzN~N_Hz O~--OCH3 O -OCH3 CH30-P=O
OCH3 ~CH3 ~ OCH3 BrSi(CH3)a O O
O -OH ,HO-i~~
~H - OH
Preferred examples of acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention of formula (I) are i.a.:
~P(OH)z ~(OH)2 NC ~ ti NC O
H
-1,OH ~P~
NC O~~ NC OCH3 Hz ~ Hz ~P(OH)2 O _O{OH)z O
O
. . H
H5C2 ~(OH)2 H5C2 ~p(OH)z ~~ \ O O" \~ O
H C H {HsC)z ~p{OH)z s ~P(OH)2 O
p O
O
H {H~3Cs)z ~p(OH)2 H~3Cs ~pOOH)z O
O O
O
(H5C2)2 ~P{OH)2 (H5C2)2 O
~(oH)2 p ~P(OH)2 O
O
(H5C2)2 O P{OH)2 -' O
O
v (H5C2)2 {H5C2)2 ~o(OH)2 O O(OH)2 ~O H H ~(OH)2 (HO)2 tl O H /~/H ~P(OH)2°
(HO)2P~..~
,o ~~O H ~H ~~OCH3 CH30 OOH O p' \v HO PLO ~{OH)2 ( )2~~ ~
O O O
~O H ~H " Y{O H)2 (HO)2P /j"~
O O O
(HO)2P'~ H ~H S~(OH)2 O
O
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are practically completely hydrolysis-stable at room temperature.
They are therefore suitable in particular for use with aqueous mixtures.
Moreover, the acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are characterized, compared with the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives (X = COO, Z = H), by a much better solubility in polar organic solvents such as e.g. ethanol, acetone, methylene chloride or ethyl acetate. In addition, they are largely inert vis-a-vis other compounds such as e.g.
organic solvents, while by way of example the corresponding carboxylic acid esters (X = COO, Z - alkyl radical} already have a tendency towards alcoholysis at room temperature in the presence of ethanol.
Due to the presence of polymerizable groups, the acrylophosphonic acid esters according to the invention are suitable as starting materials for the preparation of polymers and copolymers. They can be homopolymerized with the known methods of radical polymerisation or copolymerized e.g. with suitable comonomers.
To carry out the polymerisation, the known radical initiators (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 13, Wiley-Interscience Publisher, New York 1988, 754 et seq) can be used: Azo compounds, such as azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) or,azobis-(4-cyanovalerianic acids} or peroxides, such as dibenzoylperoxide, dilauroylperoxide, tert.-butylperoctoate, tert.-butylperbenzoate or di.-(tert.-butyl)-peroxide are particularly suitable.
Benzopinacol and 2,2'-dialkylbenzopinacols are also suitable as initiators for hot-curing..
Furthermore, photoinitiators ( c f . J . P . Fouas s ier, J . F . Rabek (Ed.), Radiation Curing in Polymer Science and Technology, Vol. II, Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York 1993) can also be used for polymerisation with UV light or light of visible wavelengths, such as, benzoinethers, dialkylbenzil-ketals, dialkoxyacetophenones, acylphosphinic oxides, oc-diketones, such as 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, diacetyl, furil, anisil, 4,4'-dichlorobenzil and 4,4'-dialkoxybenzil, and camphorquinone The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be used in particular as a component of adhesives, cements, composites and molded articles as well as, preferably, dental materials. The compounds according to the invention can also be used in polymerized or partly polymerized form i.e. in the form of polymers such as homo- or copolymers, for example as a component of glass ionomer cements.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be polymerized alone or in a mixture with conventional radically polymerizable comonomers, in particular with difunctional crosslinking monomers. Cross-linking bi- or multifunctional acrylates or methacrylates, such as e.g. bisphenol-A-di-(meth)acrylate, bis-GMA (the addition product of methacrylic acid and bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether), UDMA (the addition product of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2,2,4-trimethylhexa-methylene diisocyanate), di-, tri- or tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropantri(meth)acrylate and pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate above all are suitable for the preparation of adhesives or dental materials. Butane diol di(meth)acrylate, 1,10-decane diol di(meth)acrylate and 1,12-dodecanediol di(meth)acrylate which are accessible by esterifying (meth}acrylic acid with the corresponding diols.
are also suitable.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention can be used in free form or in the form of their salts, i.e. as phosphonates or phosphonate esters. In case of the alkali-metal ions, in particular sodium and lithium ions, as well as organic ammonium ions, in particular those derived from amine accelerators such as N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-bis-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyl-3,5-xylidine or 4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid-2-ethyl-hexylester are preferably used as counterions. Amine accelerators are used in the field of dentistry as a component for example of photoinitiator systems. In general they are tent. amines which can act as H-donators and thus accelerate radical generation (cf. L.A.
Linden, " Photocuring of Polymeric Dental Materials and Plastic Composite Resins" in Radiation Curing in Polymer Science and Technology, Vol. IV, J.P. Fouassier, J.F. Rabek (Editors), Elsevier Appl.Sci., London, New York 1993, 396 et seq).
Moreover, the acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention or their mixtures with other radically polymerizable comonomers can be filled with organic or inorganic particles _ or fibres to improve the mechanical properties. Preferred inorganic particulate fillers are amorphous spherical materials based on mixed oxides of SiOZ, ZrOz and/or Ti02, microfine fillers, such as pyrogenic silicic acid or precipitation silicic acid, as well as macro- or minifillers, such as quartz, glass ceramic or glass powders with an average particle size of 0.01 to 5 Vim. Furthermore, x-ray opaque fillers, such as ytterbium trifluroide, or glass fibres, polyamide or carbon fibres can also be used.
If necessary, further components can be added to the acrylophosphonic acids or mixtures thereof, above all solvents, such as water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, - 17 - ..
methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or mixtures thereof, as well as stabilisers, UV-absorbers, dyes, pigments or lubricants. Water, ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate as well as mixtures thereof are preferred as solvents for use in dental materials.
The acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention are suitable in particular as a component of dental materials, such as fixing cements and filler composites and above all dental adhesives. Such materials are characterized by a very good adhesion to different substrates, such as hard tooth substance and metallic substrates, and are hydrolysis-stable under moist conditions.
Preferred dental materials according to the invention contain the following components (a), (b), (c), (d) and/or (e):
(a) 0.5 to 99 wt.-%, preferably 10 to 80 wt.-% and particularly preferably 20 to 50 wt.-% of one or more acrylophosphonic acids according to the invention, (b) 0.01 to 5 wt.-% and preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt.-% of radical initiators, (c) 0 to 80 wt.-%, preferably 0 to 60 wt.-% and particularly preferably 0 to 50 wt.-% radically polymerizable comonomers, (d) 0 to 95 wt.-%, preferably 0 to 80 wt.-% and particularly preferably 0 to 70 wt.-% solvents, in particular water, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof as well as mixtures of water with the named organic solvents, (e) 0 to 90 wt.-%, particularly preferably, depending on the application, 0 to 20 wt.-% (adhesive), 20 to 60 wt.-o (cement} and 60 to 85 wt.-o (filling composite) filler.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the dental materials according to the invention are free from acrylo-phosphonic acids such as. are described by e.g. way of example in DE 197 46 708.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following using examples.
Examples Example 1:
Step 1~ 2- ~4-(dimethoxypho ~horyl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrvlic acid H O O~~O-O O_ 250 ml (0.5 mol) 2 N KOH are added dropwise to 133 g (0.5 mol}
2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-ethyl acetate, which is accessible by reacting 2-hydroxyethyl-phosphonic acid diethyl ester and cc-chloromethylacrylic-acid ethyl ester, (cf.
N. Moszner, F. Zeuner, U.IC. Fischer, V. Rheinberger, Macromol.
Chem. Phys. 200 (1999) 1062), so that the temperature remains between --5 and 0°C. Then the reaction mixture is stirred for 2 hours at this temperature and subsequently for another 2 hours at 25°C. The product is washed three times with 250 ml methylene chloride each time, the residual aqueous phase is then adjusted to a pH-value of 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted 3 times with 250 ml methylene chloride each time . After the organic extracts have been dried n -19- --' over anhydrous sodium sulphate, they are concentrated on a rotary evaporator and dried at 40°C in fine vacuum until their weight is constant. 106 g (89 o yield) of a colourless, viscous liquid remain, which solidifies after prolonged standing at -18°C.
Elemental analysis:
C$H1506P: Calc.: C 40.34 H 6.35 (238.18) Found:: C 40.24 H 6.52 IR ~GKBrl cm 11 :2958 ( s ) , 1712 ( s ) , 1634 (m) , 1455 (m} , 1386 (m), 1218 (s), 1180 (s), 1104 (s), 1033 {s), 956 (m), 824 (m), 702 {w), 651 (m).
1H-NMR ,j400 MHz, CDC13_Ppm) 2.16-2.27 (m, 2H, CHZP), 3.70-3.80 ( m, 7 H, CH3+CHZCHZO ) , 4 . 21 ( S , 2H, C=C-CHzO } , 5 . 9 2 and 6 . 3 7 ( s , 2xlH; CHZ=C), 10.65 (s, 1H, COOH).
13C-NMR X100 MHz, CDCl~~m,~ 22.85 and 24.05 (CH2P), 51.32 ( CH3 ) , 6 2 . 3 4 ( CHZC_HZO } , 6 6 . 9 9 ( C=C-C_HZO ) , 12 4 . 18 and 13 4 . 8 3 (C=CHZ), 166.08 (C=0).
31p-NMR X161.9 MHz, CDC13,~-_ppml 32.6.
Step 2~ 2-f4-~ dimethoxvphos~horyl~i-2-oxabutyl]-acrylic acid dieth~lamide f 2 ) O~~O ..-O
10.2 g (140 mmol} diethylamine are added dropwise at -5°C to a solution of 35.2 g (148 mmol) 1, 0.5 g (4.1 mmol) 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP} and 8 g hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ), stabiliser), in 280 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride so that the temperature does nvt exceed 0°C.
Subsequently; 27.0 g (141 mmol) N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) are added at the same temperature.
After further stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture is diluted with 420 ml of methylene chloride after 20 hours and then extracted twice, in each case firstly with 2 N
NaOH and then with 2 N HC1. Finally, the mixture is washed with saturated NaHC03 solution and saturated NaCl solution.
After the methylene chloride phase has been dried over anhydrous NazS04, it is concentrated on a rotary evaporator and the residue is dried at 40°C and 0.2 mbar until its weight is constant. The Fine-vacuum distillation of the obtained raw product resulted in 21.1 g (52a yield) of a bright-yellow oil at boiling point 1~9 °C (0.08 mbar)..
Elemental analysis:
CizH24NOsP: Calc . : ~ C 49 . 14 H 8. 25 . N 4 . 78 (293.30) Found.: C 47.77 H 8.22 N 5.02 IR ~KBr, cm-11: 3478 (b), _2972 (m), 1644 (s), 1620 (s), 1462 (s), 1252 (s), 1101 (s), 1032 (s), 947 (m), 821 (s).
1H-NMR ~ 400 MHz , CDC13 ppml 1. 19 (t, 6H, CH CHIN) , 2 . 08-2 . 16 (m, 2H, PCHzCH20) , 3.43 (q, 4H, CH3CHzN) , 3. 68-3. 79 (m, 8H, OCH3 and PCHZCHZO), 4.18 (s, 2H, OCHZC=), 5.19 and 5.39 (s, 2xlH;
CHZ= ) .
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDC13, ppml 14.36 and 15.06 (CH3CHZN), 25.28 and 2 6 . 6 8 ( PC_HZCHZO ) , 3 8 . 8 9 and 4 2 . 8 0 ( CH3C_HZN ) , 5 2 . 3 2 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 6 3 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 71. 6 4 ( OCHZC= ) , 114 . 5 7 ( CH2= ) , 14 2 . 2 2 ( C=CHZ ) , 169.81 (C=O).
31P-NMR y161 . 9 MHz , CDC13.,, ppml 31 . 26 .
-21~ _.
Step 3s 2-[,4-(,dihydroxyphosphoryl)-2-oxabutvll-acrylic acid dieth~lamide ~( 31 17 g (111 mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide are slowly added dropwise to 13.5 g (51 mmol) of compound 2 and the mixture is subsequently stirred for 2 hours at 40°C. Afterwards, it is firstly concentrated in a water-jet vacuum and then in a fine vacuum {0.2 mbar), 70 ml of absolute methanol are added and the mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. The slightly yellowish, clear solution is concentrated on the rotary evaporator and dried off in fine vacuum (0.2 mbar) at 40°C until its weight is constant. 13.5 g (1000 yield) of a bight yellow oil remain as product-, which has a HPLC purity of 98.1 0.
IR ~filml cm~llo 2975 (s),..2936 (s), 2877 (s), 1570 (s), 1489 {s), 1460 (m), 1317 (m), 1215 (s), 1137 (s), 1010 (s), 944 {s), 790 (w).
1H-NMR X400 MHz, CDC1~~ ppml 1: 15 (t, 6H, CH CHIN) , 2 .06-2. 15 (m, 2H, PCHZCH20) , 3 . 40-3. 45 (m, 4H, CH3CHZN) , 3 . 73-3. 80 (m, 2H, PCHzCH20 ) , 4 . 17 ( s, 2H, OCHZC=} , 5 . 18 and 5 . 38 ( s, 2xlH;
CHZ=), 11.90 (s, 2H, OH}.
isC-NMR y100. MHz, CDCl~., ppm) 11.71 and 13.27 (CH3CHZN), 26.42 and 2 7 . 8 0 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 3 8 . 5 6 and 4 2 . 3 9._ ( CH3CH2N ) , 6 4 . 2 0 ( PCHZCHZO ) , 7 0 . 5 0 ( OC_HZC=,) , 115 . 0 5 ( CHZ= ) , 14 0 . 3 0 ( C=CHZ
) , 170.10 (C=O).
sip-NMR ( 161. 9 MHzL CDC13-ppml 28. 30 .
Example 2:
Step 1~ 2-f4-~(dimethoxyphosphoryll-2-oxabutyl]-acrvlonitrile NC ~(OCH3)2 86.3 g (850 mmol) 2-(chloromethyl)-acrylonitrile are added dropwise at room temperature to a solution of 130.9 g (850 mmol) 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid dimethylester, 85.9 g (850 mmol ) triethylamine ( TEA) and 40 mg phenothiazine ( stabilizer ) in 1 1 THF. Subsequently, the mixture is heated for 6 hours at 65°C under reflex. 9.1 g (90 mmol) TEA and 9.1 g (90 mmol) 2-(chloromethyl)-acrylanitrile are once again added one after the other and the mixture is heated for a further 24 hours under reflex. After the reaction mixture has cooled, the formed deposit of TEA hydrochloride is filtered out and is washed twice with 50 ml THF. After the THF phases have been concentrated on the rotary evaporator, the residual raw product is taken up in 650 ml methylene chloride and washed ' twice with water. After it has been dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, the mixture is concentrated and the residual liquid undergoes fractional distillation in the fine vacuum.
lOl.Og (54o yield) of a colourless liquid results at b.p.
150°C (0.05 mbar).
Elemental analysis.-C$H14N04P: Calc.: C 43.84 H 6.44 N 6.39 (219.16) Found.: C 43.11 H 6.98 N 6.29 IR {film, cm ~l: 2956 (m), 2227 (m), 1626 (w), 1464 (m}, 1397 (m), 1250 (s), 1107 (s), 1032 (s), 944 (s), 821 (s).
1H-NMR ( 400 MHz . CDC13 ppml 2 . 07-2 .19 (m, 2H, PCHzCHZO) , 3 . 71-3 . 8 3 ( m, 8H, -OCH3 and PCHZCHZO ) , 4 . 11 ( s , 2 H OCHZC= ) , 6 . 0 6 ( s , 2H; CHZ= ) .
1sC-NMR ( 100 MHz, CDCI~~~ 25. O1 and 26 . 41 (PCHZCHZO) , 52. 71 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 5 8 ( PCHzCH20 ) , 7 0 . 0 3 ( OCHZC= ) , i 17 . 18 ( CN ) , 12 0 . 4 0 ( C=CHZ ) , 13 2 . 8 2 ( CH2= ) . ._ 31P-NMR X161. 9 MHz , CDC13-ppm l 3 0 . 7 3 .
Step 2: 2-~4-(dihydroxyphosphoryll-2-oxabutvl~-acrvlonitrile NC ~W /~p(pH)2 Analogously to the preparation of 3, 55.0 g (250 mmol) 5 were reacted with 84.2 g {550. mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide and worked up. 47.5 g (99% yield) of a dark, wax-like solid resulted.
Elemental analysis:
C6H1oN04P : Calc . : C 3 7 . 71 H 5 . 2 7 N 7 . 3 3 (191.12) Found.: C 36.15 H 5.60 N 7.26 IR yfilm,, cm 11 : 2884 (m) , 2228 (m) , 1722 (w) , 1456 (w) , 1398 {w), 1103 (s), 2009 (s), 954 (s).
1H-NMR t 400 MHz, CDC13 ppml 2 . 16-2 . 23 (m, 2H, PCHZCHZO) , 3. 67-3.81 (m, 2H, PCHZ-CHZO), 4.10 (s, 2H, OCHZC=), 6.07 (s, 2H;
CHZ=), 10.93 (s, 2H, OH).
_24_ _ 13C-NMR X100 MHz,. CDC13-ppml 34. 06 and 35. 9.6 (PC-HZCHZO) , 72 > 04 (PCHZC_HZO), _76.90 (OCHZC=), 124.28 (CN), 126.66 (C=CHZ), 139.81 ( cHZ= } .
sip-NMR X161. 9 MHz . CDC13-ppml 30 . 71.
Example 3:
Step 1~ N~ N'-bis- ~~~6-dimethoxyphosphoryl)-4-oxa-2-methvlene-hexanoyl],-112-diaminoethane (61 Analogously to the preparation of 2, a solution of 94 g (395 mmol) 1, 1.3 g (10.8 mmol) DMAP and 18 mg MEHQ in 750 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride were reacted at -5°C with 10.8 g (180 mmol) ethylenediamine and 69.3 g (360 mmol) EDC. After analogous working-up of the reaction mixture, 26.8 g (300 yield) of a yellow oil resulted.
Elemental analysis:
C1aH34NzOaPa: Calc . : C 43 . 20 H 6 . 85 N 5 . 60 (500.43) Found>: C 43.04 H 6.94 N 5.52 IR (,film, cm 11: 3322 (m), 2954 (m), 1667 (s), 1622 (s}, 1538 (s}, 1248 (s), 1104 (s), 1032 (s), 951 (w), 823 (m).
1H- -NMR ( 400 MHz p CDC13 ppm) 2 . 07-2 . 18 (m', 4H, PCHZCHZO) , 3 . 52 ( s , 4H, CH2NH ) , 3 . 71-3 . 7 9 ( m, 16H, OCH3 and PCHZCH20 ) , 4 . 2 0 ( s , 4H, OCHZC=), 5.59 and 6.06 (s, 2x2H; CHZ=), 7.84 (s, 2H, NH).
_25~ _ 1sC-NMR ( 10 0 MHzl CDC1~ , perm l 2 4 . 8 8 and 2 6 . 2 8 ( PCHZCH20 ) , 3 9 . 5 7 ( CHZNH ) , 5 2 . 4 5 ( OCH3 ) , 6 4 . 2 0 ( PCHzCH20 } , 7 0 7 9 ( OC_HZC= ) , 12 3 . 3 4 (CH2=), 139.50 (C=CHZ), 167.20 (C=0}.
slp-NMR ( 161. 9 MHz CDC13=,~t~ml . 31. 74 .
S_te~ 2: N.N'-bis-[~6-dihydroxyphosphoryl)~-4-oxa-2-methylene-hexanoyl, -1,2-diaminoethane ~(7y ~(O H)2 O
Analogously to the preparation . of 3, 11. 3 8 ( 22 . 6 mmol ) 6 were reacted with 15.3 g {100 mmol) trimethylsilyl bromide and worked up. 10 g {96% yield) of a redish solid resulted.
IR ,(film. cm-11: 3347 (s, b); 2880 (s), 2318 (m), 1659 (s}, 1622 {s), 1609 (s), 1552 (s), 1438 (m}, 1362 (m), 1316 (m}, 1095 {s), 1002 (s), 935 (s), 715 (m).
1H-NMR 1,400 MHz, CDC13 ppml 1.94-2.02 {m, 4H, PCH2CH20), 3.34 s, 4H, CHZNH) , 3 . 50-3 . 65 (m, 4H, PCHZCHZO) , 4 . 10 ( s, , 4H, OCHZC=), 4.70 (s, POH+HZO), 5.64 and 6.23 (2s, 2x2H; CHZ=).
13C-NMR ~~100 MHz,, CDC13_ppml 26.95 and 28,.29 (PCHZCHZO), 39.05 ( CHZNH ) , 6 4 . 6 6 ( PCHZC_H20 ) , 7 0 . 2 4 (.OCHZC= ) , 12 5 . 0 4 ( CHZ=
) , 13 9 . 3 9 {C=CHZ}, 170.32 (C=0).
31p-NMR X161.9 MHz,. CDC13,= t~t?m) 26.89.
-2s_ -Example 4 Radical homopolymerization of monomers 3 and 5 5.31 g (20.0 mmol) of monomer 3 and 3.82 g (20.0 mmol) of monomer 5 respectively are combined with 2.0 mol-o 2,2'-azobis(isobutyric acid~amidine)dihydrochloride and filled up with distilled water to 10 ml monomer solution in a Schlenk-receptacle. The monomer solutions are degassed by multiple repeated freezing under argon and thawing under a fine vacuum and subsequently polymerized under argon at 65°C. During the polymerisation, the viscosity of the starting solution increases perceptibly. After 2 hours, the solutions are precipitated in 10 times the quantity of tetrahydrofuran and dried until its weight is constant. The monomer conversion rate thus gravimetrically established is 23.1 o for monomer 3 and 13.7% for monomer 5. The success of the polymerisation can also be confirmed by 1NMR spectroskopically.
Example 5 Investigation of the hydrolytic stability of monomers 3 and 5 Monomers 3 and 5 are each dissolved in a 1:1 mixture of water and ethanol and stored as 20% solution at 37°C. The 1H-NMR
spectrum of the solution is recorded weekly. During the 12-week investigation period, there was no change in the spectrum of monomer 3 or 5, which shows their hydrolytic stability.
tinder analogous conditions, the _ monomer 2-[4-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-2-oxa-butyl]-acrylic acid ethyl ester (comparison monomer l; X = COO, Z = ethyl) was investigated, a 20% hydrolytic elimination of the ethoxy group being established by 1H-NMR spectroscopy after 3 months according to the following equation:
C H~~~~ C H~O
H °~ H20 =~ ~ H
"~/ H
- + C2H50H
Vergle'schsmonomer 1 Example 6 Investigation of the dentine adhesion of monomer 3 An adhesive of the following composition (amounts in weight-%) was prepared to examine the dentine adhesion to bovine tooth dentine.
Monomer 3: 11.1%
Glycerine dimethacrylate: 11.0%
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 20.0%
Ethanol: 24.0%
bis-GMA: 33.1%
Photoinitiator: - 0.~%
Bovine teeth are imbedded in plastic cylinders so that the dentine and the plastic are located on one level. After 15 seconds9 etching with 37% phosphoric acid thorough rinsing is carried gut with water. The dentubili are opened by the acid etching. Then a layer of adhesive of the above composition is painted on with a microbrush, blown on briefly with the air blower to remove the solvent and lit for 40 seconds with a halogen lamp (Astralis 7, Vivadent) . A composite cylinder made of Tetric Ceram (Vivadent) is polymerized. onto the adhesive layer in two layers of 1 to 2 mm each. Subsequently the testpieces are stored in water for 24 hours at 37°C and then the adhesive strength is determined. A value of 23.2 MPa was recorded.
a ' _28_ _ Example 7 Investigation of the adhesion to enamel of monomer 5 An adhesive of the following composition (amount in weight-%) was prepared to examine the adhesion to enamel on bovine teeth: --Monomer 5: 11.0%
Glycerine dimethacrylate: 10.0%
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 20.0%
Ethanol: 25.5%
bis-GMA: 32.7%
Photoinitiator: 0.8%
Bovine teeth are imbedded in plastic cylinders so that the enamel zone and the plastic are located on one level. After 15 seconds' of etching with a 30% phosphoric acid thorough rinising is carried out with water. Then a layer of adhesive of the above composition_ is painted on with a microbrush, blown on briefly with the air blower to remove the solvent and lit for 40 seconds with a halogen lamp (Astralis 7, Vivadent} .
A composite cylinder made of Tetric Ceram {Vivadent) is polymerized onto the adhesive layer in two layers of 1 to 2 mm each. Subsequently the testpieces are stored in water for 24 hours at 37°C and then the adhesive strength is determined. A
value of 15.5 MPa was recorded.
Example 8 Investigation of the solubility of monomers 3 and 5 The solubility of monomers 3 and 5 and of a comparison monomer (comparison monomer 2; X - COO, Z - H) in water, ethanol, acetone, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate was investigated. The results are given below.
Table 1 Comparison of the .solubilities carbonic acid, carbonic of acid amide and carbonic acid trile ni derivatives of acrylophosphonic acid lSolubility/monomer-~ 3 5 Comparison monomer 2 water ++ ++ ++
ethanol ++ ++ p methylene chloride ++ ++ 0 acetone ++ ++ 0 ethyl acetate ++ ++ 0 Solubility: ++: very good (> 20 wt.-%), +: good {10 - 20 wt.-%), Oa practically insoluble (< 1 wt.-o).
H
CHI
l/ergleichsmonomer 2 H
H
v
Claims (29)
1. Acrylophosphonic acid of the general formula (I), stereoisomers thereof or mixtures of these wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Y, Z and n have the following meanings:
R1 = a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkylene or C6 to C14 arylene radical;
R2 = hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkyl or C8 to C10 aryl radical;
Y = oxygen, sulphur, C1 to C8 alkylene or is absent; and n - 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
where X = CN, n = 1 and Z is absent or X = CONR3 with R3 = hydrogen, a linear or branded C1 to C10 alkyl radical, or a C6 to C10 aryl radical;
provided that for n - 1 Z - hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkyl radical, or a phenyl radical;
and for n - 2 to 5 Z - an aliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 14 carbon atoms, substituted n times with the structure of formula (I) in brackets, where Z and R3 may also be part of a common ring.
R1 = a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkylene or C6 to C14 arylene radical;
R2 = hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkyl or C8 to C10 aryl radical;
Y = oxygen, sulphur, C1 to C8 alkylene or is absent; and n - 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
where X = CN, n = 1 and Z is absent or X = CONR3 with R3 = hydrogen, a linear or branded C1 to C10 alkyl radical, or a C6 to C10 aryl radical;
provided that for n - 1 Z - hydrogen or a linear or branched C1 to C10 alkyl radical, or a phenyl radical;
and for n - 2 to 5 Z - an aliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 14 carbon atoms, substituted n times with the structure of formula (I) in brackets, where Z and R3 may also be part of a common ring.
2. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 1, wherein R1 - a linear or branched C1 to C5 alkylene radical or phenylene.
3. Acryfophosphonic acid according to claim 1, wherein R2 - hydrogen or a linear C1 to C3 alkyl radical.
4. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 1, wherein Y - oxygen or is absent.
5. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 1, wherein X = CN or CONR3 with R3 = hydrogen, a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with Z part of a six-membered ring.
6. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 1, wherein n = 1 or 2.
7. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 6, wherein n = 1.
8. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 7, wherein Z - hydrogen or a linear or branched C~ to C~a alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring.
9. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 6, wherein n = 2.
10. Acrylophosphonic acid according to claim 9, wherein Z = a linear C1 to C10 alkylene radical or together with R3 part of a six-membered ring.
11. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the variables of formula (I) have the following meanings:
R1 = a linear or branched C1 to C4 alkylene radical;
R2 = hydrogen or a methyl radical;
Y = oxygen;
X = CONR3 with R3 = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C5 alkyl radical; and Z = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical (for n = 1 ); or Z = a linear C1 to C4 alkylene radical (for n = 2)
R1 = a linear or branched C1 to C4 alkylene radical;
R2 = hydrogen or a methyl radical;
Y = oxygen;
X = CONR3 with R3 = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C5 alkyl radical; and Z = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical (for n = 1 ); or Z = a linear C1 to C4 alkylene radical (for n = 2)
12. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein R1 = a linear or branched C1 to C4 alkylene radical.
13. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein R2 = hydrogen or a methyl radical.
14. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein Y = oxygen.
15. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein X = CONR3; and R3 = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C5 alkyl radical.
16. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein n = 1; and Z = hydrogen or a linear C1 to C6 alkyl radical or n = 2; and Z = a linear C1 to C5 alkylene radical.
17. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radical R1 is unsubstituted.
18. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radical R3 is unsubstituted.
19. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radical R3 is unsubstituted.
20. Acryiophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radical Y is unsubstituted.
21. Acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radical Z is unsubstituted or is substituted by =O, =S, =NR2 or -NR3-CO-C(=CH2)CH2-Y-R1-PO(OH)2.
22. Use of the acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 21 as a component of an adhesive, of a polymer, of a composite, of a cement, or of a molded article.
23. Use of the acryiophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 21 as a component of a dental material.
24. Use according to claim 23, wherein the dental material is a dental adhesive, a fixing cement or a filling composite.
25. Use according to claim 22, 23 or 24, wherein the acrylophosphonic acid is present in at least partially polymerized form.
26. Dental material comprising an acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 21.
27. Dental material according to claim 26, wherein the acrylophosphonic acid is present in at least partially polymerized form.
28. Polymers obtained by polymerization of an acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 21.
29. Copolymers obtained by copolymerization of an acrylophosphonic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 21.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10018968.7 | 2000-04-17 | ||
DE10018968A DE10018968C1 (en) | 2000-04-17 | 2000-04-17 | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylic phosphonic acid |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2344134A1 true CA2344134A1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
Family
ID=7639030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002344134A Abandoned CA2344134A1 (en) | 2000-04-17 | 2001-04-12 | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1148060B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3616346B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE249468T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2344134A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10018968C1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9783559B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | β-Ketophosphonic acids and dental materials based thereon |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE60216951T2 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2007-06-14 | Dentsply Detrey Gmbh | HYDROLYSIS STABILIZED SELF-ESTABLISHING AND SELF-SOUNDING DENTAL INCOMPONENT ADHESIVE COMPOSITION |
US6900251B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2005-05-31 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | Dental materials based on acrylic-ester phosphonic acids |
EP1454911A1 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-08 | DENTSPLY DETREY GmbH | A polymerizable phosphoric acid ester derivative and a dental composition employing it |
JP2004359843A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-24 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | Actinic-radiation-curing composition |
DE60312714T2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2007-12-06 | Dentsply Detrey Gmbh | Self-etching, self-priming, one-component dental adhesive composition |
DE102004061924B4 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2010-01-28 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | Hydrolysis stable self-etching one-component end-face adhesive |
DE102005022172A1 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Voco Gmbh | Adhesion-improving additives for polymerizable compositions |
EP2450025B1 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2012-11-28 | VOCO GmbH | Polymerisable phosphoric acid derivatives comprising a polyalicyclic structure element |
EP2578200B1 (en) | 2011-10-04 | 2018-03-28 | VOCO GmbH | Compounds for infiltrating and/or sealing of dental hard substance and method |
US9040602B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2015-05-26 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | Dental materials on the basis of highly acidic polymerizable bisphosphonic acids |
DE102015112602A1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-02 | Heraeus Kulzer Gmbh | Crosslinking monomers having at least one sulfur atom |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4650847A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1987-03-17 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Adhesive composition |
DE3210775A1 (en) * | 1982-03-24 | 1983-09-29 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-PROPANPHOSPHONIC ACID AND ITS SALTS, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THE USE THEREOF FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COPOLYMERS |
DE19746708C2 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2000-02-17 | Ivoclar Ag Schaan | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylic phosphonic acids |
-
2000
- 2000-04-17 DE DE10018968A patent/DE10018968C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-04-11 DE DE50100589T patent/DE50100589D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-11 EP EP01107896A patent/EP1148060B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-11 AT AT01107896T patent/ATE249468T1/en active
- 2001-04-12 CA CA002344134A patent/CA2344134A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-13 JP JP2001116222A patent/JP3616346B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9783559B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | β-Ketophosphonic acids and dental materials based thereon |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10018968C1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
EP1148060A1 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
ATE249468T1 (en) | 2003-09-15 |
EP1148060B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 |
DE50100589D1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
JP2002012598A (en) | 2002-01-15 |
JP3616346B2 (en) | 2005-02-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6710149B2 (en) | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid | |
JP3154978B2 (en) | Hydrolytically stable and polymerizable acrylic phosphonic acid | |
Moszner et al. | Monomers for adhesive polymers, 2. Synthesis and radical polymerisation of hydrolytically stable acrylic phosphonic acids | |
JP4490057B2 (en) | Acrylic ester phosphonic acid based dental materials | |
US6172131B1 (en) | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylphosphonic acids | |
JP4171600B2 (en) | Multifunctional amide based dental material | |
JP2007039453A (en) | Photopolymerizable dental material containing bisacylphosphine oxide as initiator | |
US6953832B2 (en) | Dental materials based on polyfunctional amides | |
JP2007520465A (en) | One-component self-etching self-priming dental adhesive composition | |
JP5630999B2 (en) | Dental adhesive composition | |
CA2344134A1 (en) | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid | |
CN106535862B (en) | Composite material with controlled network structure | |
EP2058318A1 (en) | Phosphate ester compound, metal salt thereof, dental material, and dental composition | |
US6350839B2 (en) | Hydrolysis-stable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid monoesters | |
Moszner et al. | Monomers for adhesive polymers, 3. Synthesis, radical polymerization and adhesive properties of hydrolytically stable phosphonic acid monomers | |
WO2008100907A2 (en) | Fluoride-releasing compositions | |
US6703518B1 (en) | Fluoride-releasing compositions | |
JP3002152B2 (en) | Multifunctional vinylcyclopropane derivative | |
JP3612287B2 (en) | Hydrolyzable and polymerizable acrylophosphonic acid monoester | |
Sahin et al. | Synthesis and photopolymerizations of new phosphonated methacrylates from alkyl α‐hydroxymethacrylates and glycidyl methacrylate | |
Edizer et al. | Synthesis and Photo-Polymerization of an Aryl Diphosphonic Acid-Containing Dimethacrylate for Dental Materials | |
EP1537130A1 (en) | Carboxylic acid derivatives containing phosphorous groups and organically polymerisable groups |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |