CA2331172A1 - Fluid-cooled electric current line - Google Patents
Fluid-cooled electric current line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2331172A1 CA2331172A1 CA002331172A CA2331172A CA2331172A1 CA 2331172 A1 CA2331172 A1 CA 2331172A1 CA 002331172 A CA002331172 A CA 002331172A CA 2331172 A CA2331172 A CA 2331172A CA 2331172 A1 CA2331172 A1 CA 2331172A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- current line
- cooled
- pin
- receptacle
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/533—Bases, cases made for use in extreme conditions, e.g. high temperature, radiation, vibration, corrosive environment, pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
- H01B7/421—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
- H01B7/423—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation using a cooling fluid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/42—Cooling of coils
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
According to the invention, in an electric current lead divided into at least two sections (4, 27) said sections (4, 27) are joined to an electric connection. To ensure the desired cooling in the different operating states, the one section (4) and/or the one connecting element (10) are air-cooled and the other section (27) and/or the other connecting element (22) are water-cooled.
Description
OCT-31-2888 15:37 WENDEROTH LIND & PONRCK 282 721 8250 P.03~14 Fluid-cooled electric current line Specificarion The invention relates to a fluid-cooled electric current line divided into at least two sections; wherein the sections are connected with an electric coupling.
Such current line is used, for example, in metallurgical technology. In metal casting a distributor vcsscl (tundish), still cmpty and prchcatcd to approximately casting temperature, is moved to a chill mold. After coupling the distributor vessel with the chill mold, melt is let into the distributor vessel, which emerges through casting openings into the chill mold. The casting openings are each heated with a cooled electric inductor, which must be electrically connected with a rnrrPnt line tn a frequency changer or generator. This connection takes place by means of an electric coupling after the distributor vessel has been connected with the chill mold.
Since high curremt5 are IlvwW g, il is uselul to euul mut uWy ll~e ioc:luclor bul also We current line and the coupling.
It is the task of the invention to ensure the desired cooling during different operating stages.
According to the invention the above task is solved in said fluid-coolPrl current lmP
thereby that the one section and/or the one coupling part is air-cooled and the other section and/or the other coupling part is water-cooled.
In the aforementioned application example the one section of the current line and the one coupling part are disposed fixedly on the distributor vessel and connected to the Received Oct-31-00 03:3Tpm From-202 T21 8250 To-Smart & BIQQar Pale 003 OCT-31-2000 15 37 ~.IENDEROTH LIND & PONRCK 282 721 8258 P.f~4i14 inductor. This section and/or this coupling part as well as the inductor are air-cooled via an air connection. This section and the inductor arc already air-cooled during the preheating of the distributor vessel and also during the casting operation.
Cooling the inductor with air is used since there are safety reservations against cooling it with water.
The other section of the current line and/or the other coupling part are water-cooled since this cooling [method] is more effective and since there are no safety reservations in this area.
Overall, if is thus ensured that the current line, the coupling and the inductor do not assume impermissibly high temperatures during different operating stages (preheating, casting), which could lead to damage of the structural parts.
Advantageous implementations of the invention are evident in the dependent claims and the following description of an embodiment example. In the drawing depict:
Figure 1 a partial sectional view of a distributor vessel in the direction ~f arrwv I
in Figure 2, Figure 2 a view of the distributor vessel approximately in the direction of arrow II in rigure 1, Figure 3 a detailed sectional view of the coupling, cornParPd to Figt~rP 1 nn ~~n enlarged scale, Figure 4 a section through a water-cooled coupling part approximately along lute IV-IV according to Figure 3.
Such current line is used, for example, in metallurgical technology. In metal casting a distributor vcsscl (tundish), still cmpty and prchcatcd to approximately casting temperature, is moved to a chill mold. After coupling the distributor vessel with the chill mold, melt is let into the distributor vessel, which emerges through casting openings into the chill mold. The casting openings are each heated with a cooled electric inductor, which must be electrically connected with a rnrrPnt line tn a frequency changer or generator. This connection takes place by means of an electric coupling after the distributor vessel has been connected with the chill mold.
Since high curremt5 are IlvwW g, il is uselul to euul mut uWy ll~e ioc:luclor bul also We current line and the coupling.
It is the task of the invention to ensure the desired cooling during different operating stages.
According to the invention the above task is solved in said fluid-coolPrl current lmP
thereby that the one section and/or the one coupling part is air-cooled and the other section and/or the other coupling part is water-cooled.
In the aforementioned application example the one section of the current line and the one coupling part are disposed fixedly on the distributor vessel and connected to the Received Oct-31-00 03:3Tpm From-202 T21 8250 To-Smart & BIQQar Pale 003 OCT-31-2000 15 37 ~.IENDEROTH LIND & PONRCK 282 721 8258 P.f~4i14 inductor. This section and/or this coupling part as well as the inductor are air-cooled via an air connection. This section and the inductor arc already air-cooled during the preheating of the distributor vessel and also during the casting operation.
Cooling the inductor with air is used since there are safety reservations against cooling it with water.
The other section of the current line and/or the other coupling part are water-cooled since this cooling [method] is more effective and since there are no safety reservations in this area.
Overall, if is thus ensured that the current line, the coupling and the inductor do not assume impermissibly high temperatures during different operating stages (preheating, casting), which could lead to damage of the structural parts.
Advantageous implementations of the invention are evident in the dependent claims and the following description of an embodiment example. In the drawing depict:
Figure 1 a partial sectional view of a distributor vessel in the direction ~f arrwv I
in Figure 2, Figure 2 a view of the distributor vessel approximately in the direction of arrow II in rigure 1, Figure 3 a detailed sectional view of the coupling, cornParPd to Figt~rP 1 nn ~~n enlarged scale, Figure 4 a section through a water-cooled coupling part approximately along lute IV-IV according to Figure 3.
Received Oct-31-00 03:37pm From-202 721 8250 To-Smart 8 Bisser Pose 004 OCT-31-200 15~37 WENDEROTH LIND & PONACK 282 721 8258 P.(~5i14 On a distributor vessel 1 are provided thz'ee casting openings 2. On each casting opening 2 is di~posed an inductor 3. For the sake of simplicity, in the following only the current line, its connection, coupling and cooling of one of the inductors is described. As is evident in Figures 1 and 2 the current lines of the other inductors are likewise structured.
The inductor 3, specifically its coil, is connected with hollow electric conductors 4,. 5, each of which forms a first section of the current line. As will be described later, in the electric c~nduct~rs compressed air is conducted for the puzpuse ~f CUUling them and for cooling the inductor 3. To the inductor 3 is connected an air discharge 6 for the cooling, which is connected with a collector 7. Prom the collector 7 the compressed air is released into the atmosphere through an outlet 8, wherein a sound absorber can be provided. The inductor 3 i~ therein air-cooled with eeparate air feed lines via two cooling branches, namely through the conductors 4, 5 and common air discharge. If necessary, the cooling branches can be controlled separately.
C7n the distributor vessel 1 is fastened a junction box 9. In it the conductors 4, 5 terminate at one coupling part 10 each. In Figure 3 only one of the coupling part:; x0 is shown; the other is likewise structured and is located behind the plane of draw:;ng.
The coupling part 10 comprises a current-conducting pin 11, far example comprised of copper or a copper alloy, which is screwed into an electrically insulating block 12, for example of hard tissue. The block 12 is disposed fixedly at an angle [form] 13 of the junction box 9 (cf. Figure 3).
The pin 11 ~omPrisPS an axial rocket bore 14, in which the hnllnw c~nductrrr 4 is seated so as to carry current. From the pocket bore 14 several radial bores 15 lead to an annular channel 16 between the pin 11 and the block I2. For the purpose of sealW g, D-iilzgs 17 are provided between the pin 11 and the block 12 as well as the conductor 4.
The inductor 3, specifically its coil, is connected with hollow electric conductors 4,. 5, each of which forms a first section of the current line. As will be described later, in the electric c~nduct~rs compressed air is conducted for the puzpuse ~f CUUling them and for cooling the inductor 3. To the inductor 3 is connected an air discharge 6 for the cooling, which is connected with a collector 7. Prom the collector 7 the compressed air is released into the atmosphere through an outlet 8, wherein a sound absorber can be provided. The inductor 3 i~ therein air-cooled with eeparate air feed lines via two cooling branches, namely through the conductors 4, 5 and common air discharge. If necessary, the cooling branches can be controlled separately.
C7n the distributor vessel 1 is fastened a junction box 9. In it the conductors 4, 5 terminate at one coupling part 10 each. In Figure 3 only one of the coupling part:; x0 is shown; the other is likewise structured and is located behind the plane of draw:;ng.
The coupling part 10 comprises a current-conducting pin 11, far example comprised of copper or a copper alloy, which is screwed into an electrically insulating block 12, for example of hard tissue. The block 12 is disposed fixedly at an angle [form] 13 of the junction box 9 (cf. Figure 3).
The pin 11 ~omPrisPS an axial rocket bore 14, in which the hnllnw c~nductrrr 4 is seated so as to carry current. From the pocket bore 14 several radial bores 15 lead to an annular channel 16 between the pin 11 and the block I2. For the purpose of sealW g, D-iilzgs 17 are provided between the pin 11 and the block 12 as well as the conductor 4.
Received Oct-31-00 03:3Zpm From-202 Z21 8250 To-Smart & Bi~sar Page 005 OCT-31-2000 15:3? ~JENDERDTH LIND 8; PONRCK 282 721 8258 P.(~6~1~I
The annular channel 16 is connected via a channel 18 of block 12 and an elbow 19 to a plug corrector 20 for a compressed air hose 21.
The compressed air hose 21 or the compressed air hosts is/are already connected during the preheating of the distributor vessel 1 to approximately casting temperature and, due to flexibility, accomznodate(s) the movement of the distribmtor vessel 1 to the chill mold. The compressed air hose 2'1 or the compressed air hoses remain r_nnnP~tPd PvPn during the casting opPraHon. In all of these operating stages cooling air is conducted through the block 12, the pin 11, the conductor 4 and the inductor 3.
For the electric connection of the conductors 4, 5 a coupling part 22 is provided (cf.
rigures 3, 4). It compriaca two electrically conducting recePtacle~ 23, 2d, which are fixed jointly in an electrically insulating block 25 (cf. Figure 4). By means of threaded connectors 26 the receptacles ~.3, 24 arc connected with water-carrying and water-cooled electric cables 27, 2S, which in each instance form the other section of the current line and are connected to a remote frequency changer over water-cooled 'hms bars not further shown.
Each of the receptacles 23, 24 has an axial pocket bore 29, which via radial t~ures 30 terminate in an annular channel 31 disposed between the particular receptacles 23, 24 and the block 25- O-rungs 32 ara piovided for the purpose of sealing. The annular channels 31 of receptacles 23, 24 are connected with one another via a channel 33~ in block 25.
If through the one electric cable 27 cooling water is supplied, it PntPr:~
intro the packet bore 2y of the one receptacle hi, flows in its annular channel 31 and through the channel 33 into the annular channel 31 of the other receptacle 24 and through its pocket bore 29 into the other electric cable 28. Thereby via tl~e couplWg part 22 ithe water circulation is closed even if the coupling part 22 is not yet connected with the Reveived Oel-91-00 09:9Ppm From-202 P21 8250 Tu-Srnarl & Bi~~ar Pale, 008 OCT-31-2008 15:38 ~JENDEROTH LIND & PONRCK 282 721 8258 P.07i14.
associated coupling parts 10. Simultaneously, the coupling part 22 is water-cooled.
When the distributor vessel 1 is coupled to the chill mold, the conductors 4, 5 are electrically connected with the electric cables 27, 2f3. For this purpose the coupling part 22 is plugged with its receptacles 23, 24 onto the pins 11 of the adjacent coupling parts 10 of the conductors 4, 5. Into the contact sites 34 can be placed elements improving current transfer.
On the juluelium hux 9 i5 Suppurted d c:Iusure flap 35 5u ds lu Le pivuldble abuul am axle 36. ~ In order to ensure the secure seating of the coupling part 22 on the coup:Ling parts 10, at least one locating plug can be provided on coupling part 22 with which is associated a pressure point 37 (cf, Figure 2) of the closure flap 35. To press tight and block the closure flap 35, slotted bolt/wedge connections 38, 39 are provided (cf.
Figure 2). The closed closure flap 35 presses the coupling part 2Z on the coupling parts 10 and offers contact protection against the electrically conducting parts.
The transverse connection described in connection with receptacles 23, 24 via the channel 33 of bludc, 25 can al5u tie pruvided with puu~ 11 ili smh a way lhal the block 12 receives several pins 11 and in it connecting transverse channels are developed between lliei.~' amular ehalumls 16. In this case a separate compressed air cormeclion or separate compressed air hose is not required for each air cooling branch.
With a single compressed air connection in this case two or several of the conductors 4, 5 can be supplied. The receptacles and pins can also be interchanged.
Received Oct-31-00 03:3Zpm From-202 Z21 8250 To-Smart & Bi~~ar Page OOZ
The annular channel 16 is connected via a channel 18 of block 12 and an elbow 19 to a plug corrector 20 for a compressed air hose 21.
The compressed air hose 21 or the compressed air hosts is/are already connected during the preheating of the distributor vessel 1 to approximately casting temperature and, due to flexibility, accomznodate(s) the movement of the distribmtor vessel 1 to the chill mold. The compressed air hose 2'1 or the compressed air hoses remain r_nnnP~tPd PvPn during the casting opPraHon. In all of these operating stages cooling air is conducted through the block 12, the pin 11, the conductor 4 and the inductor 3.
For the electric connection of the conductors 4, 5 a coupling part 22 is provided (cf.
rigures 3, 4). It compriaca two electrically conducting recePtacle~ 23, 2d, which are fixed jointly in an electrically insulating block 25 (cf. Figure 4). By means of threaded connectors 26 the receptacles ~.3, 24 arc connected with water-carrying and water-cooled electric cables 27, 2S, which in each instance form the other section of the current line and are connected to a remote frequency changer over water-cooled 'hms bars not further shown.
Each of the receptacles 23, 24 has an axial pocket bore 29, which via radial t~ures 30 terminate in an annular channel 31 disposed between the particular receptacles 23, 24 and the block 25- O-rungs 32 ara piovided for the purpose of sealing. The annular channels 31 of receptacles 23, 24 are connected with one another via a channel 33~ in block 25.
If through the one electric cable 27 cooling water is supplied, it PntPr:~
intro the packet bore 2y of the one receptacle hi, flows in its annular channel 31 and through the channel 33 into the annular channel 31 of the other receptacle 24 and through its pocket bore 29 into the other electric cable 28. Thereby via tl~e couplWg part 22 ithe water circulation is closed even if the coupling part 22 is not yet connected with the Reveived Oel-91-00 09:9Ppm From-202 P21 8250 Tu-Srnarl & Bi~~ar Pale, 008 OCT-31-2008 15:38 ~JENDEROTH LIND & PONRCK 282 721 8258 P.07i14.
associated coupling parts 10. Simultaneously, the coupling part 22 is water-cooled.
When the distributor vessel 1 is coupled to the chill mold, the conductors 4, 5 are electrically connected with the electric cables 27, 2f3. For this purpose the coupling part 22 is plugged with its receptacles 23, 24 onto the pins 11 of the adjacent coupling parts 10 of the conductors 4, 5. Into the contact sites 34 can be placed elements improving current transfer.
On the juluelium hux 9 i5 Suppurted d c:Iusure flap 35 5u ds lu Le pivuldble abuul am axle 36. ~ In order to ensure the secure seating of the coupling part 22 on the coup:Ling parts 10, at least one locating plug can be provided on coupling part 22 with which is associated a pressure point 37 (cf, Figure 2) of the closure flap 35. To press tight and block the closure flap 35, slotted bolt/wedge connections 38, 39 are provided (cf.
Figure 2). The closed closure flap 35 presses the coupling part 2Z on the coupling parts 10 and offers contact protection against the electrically conducting parts.
The transverse connection described in connection with receptacles 23, 24 via the channel 33 of bludc, 25 can al5u tie pruvided with puu~ 11 ili smh a way lhal the block 12 receives several pins 11 and in it connecting transverse channels are developed between lliei.~' amular ehalumls 16. In this case a separate compressed air cormeclion or separate compressed air hose is not required for each air cooling branch.
With a single compressed air connection in this case two or several of the conductors 4, 5 can be supplied. The receptacles and pins can also be interchanged.
Received Oct-31-00 03:3Zpm From-202 Z21 8250 To-Smart & Bi~~ar Page OOZ
Claims (8)
1. Fluid-cooled electric current line divided into at least two sections, wherein the sections are connected with an electric coupling characterized in that the one section (4, 5) and/or the one coupling part (10) is air-cooled and the other section (27, 28) and/or the other coupling part (22) is water-cooled.
2. Current line as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the coupling (10, 22) comprises at least one current-conducting receptacle (23, 24) and at least one current-conducting pin (11).
3. Current line as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the current-conducting receptacle (23, 24) is water-cooled and the current-conducting pin (11) is air-cooled.
4. Current line as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pin or pins and a receptacle or receptacles are placed into an electrically insulating block (12, 25), which comprises at least one channel (18, 33) for the fluid.
5. Current line as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pin (11) and/or the receptacle (23, 24) comprises an axial bore (14, 29), which terminates via radial bores (15, 30) with an annular channel (16, 31) disposed between the block (12, 25) and the pin (11) or the receptacle (23, 24).
6. Current line as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that at least two adjacent receptacles (23, 24) or pins (11) are disposed in a common block (12, 25), which comprises a channel (33) connecting the annular channels (16, 31) of the adjacent receptacles (23, 24) or pins (11).
7. Current line as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the fluid is supplied from a section (27) of the current line to the axial.
bore (29) of the one receptacle (23) or of the one pin (11) and is discharged via the axial bore (29) of the adjacent receptacle (24) or pin (11) into the adjacent section (28) of the current line.
bore (29) of the one receptacle (23) or of the one pin (11) and is discharged via the axial bore (29) of the adjacent receptacle (24) or pin (11) into the adjacent section (28) of the current line.
8. Current line as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid is supplied to the axial bore (14) from a compressed air hose (21), and is conducted through a section (4, 5) of the current line to an inductor (3) and is released from there into the atmosphere.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19819903A DE19819903C2 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1998-05-05 | Fluid cooled electrical power line |
| DE19819903.1 | 1998-05-05 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/002975 WO1999056897A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-05-03 | Fluid-cooled electric current lead |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2331172A1 true CA2331172A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
Family
ID=7866649
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002331172A Abandoned CA2331172A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-05-03 | Fluid-cooled electric current line |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1084006A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002513985A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010052309A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1299305A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3826399A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2331172A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19819903C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999056897A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200005905B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016107409A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Connector part with a cooled contact element |
| DE102016012018A1 (en) | 2016-10-07 | 2017-04-27 | Daimler Ag | Electrical plug-in system and charging station with the plug-in system |
| CN107681314B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2024-03-19 | 深圳市沃尔新能源电气科技股份有限公司 | Liquid-cooled cable plug-in structure and charging connector |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1262872A (en) * | 1968-04-11 | 1972-02-09 | British Insulated Callenders | Method of jointing and terminating electric cables |
| DE2514635C3 (en) * | 1975-04-03 | 1984-09-27 | Kabel- Und Lackdrahtfabriken Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Cable termination for gas-insulated, metal-enclosed switchgear |
| DE3912236A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-18 | Zeiss Carl Fa | ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR |
| DE3935440A1 (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-05-02 | Leybold Ag | ROTATING HIGH CURRENT CONNECTION |
| DE19651535C1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-04-30 | Didier Werke Ag | Inductor for a melt container |
-
1998
- 1998-05-05 DE DE19819903A patent/DE19819903C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-03 JP JP2000546903A patent/JP2002513985A/en active Pending
- 1999-05-03 EP EP99920833A patent/EP1084006A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-03 CN CN99805801A patent/CN1299305A/en active Pending
- 1999-05-03 AU AU38263/99A patent/AU3826399A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-03 WO PCT/EP1999/002975 patent/WO1999056897A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-03 KR KR1020007012313A patent/KR20010052309A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-03 CA CA002331172A patent/CA2331172A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2000
- 2000-10-23 ZA ZA200005905A patent/ZA200005905B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1084006A1 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
| DE19819903A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
| JP2002513985A (en) | 2002-05-14 |
| AU3826399A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
| ZA200005905B (en) | 2001-06-08 |
| DE19819903C2 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
| KR20010052309A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
| WO1999056897A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
| CN1299305A (en) | 2001-06-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |