CA2308082A1 - Injectable compostion - Google Patents
Injectable compostion Download PDFInfo
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- CA2308082A1 CA2308082A1 CA002308082A CA2308082A CA2308082A1 CA 2308082 A1 CA2308082 A1 CA 2308082A1 CA 002308082 A CA002308082 A CA 002308082A CA 2308082 A CA2308082 A CA 2308082A CA 2308082 A1 CA2308082 A1 CA 2308082A1
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- composition
- matter
- taxol
- pharmaceutical formulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229930012538 Paclitaxel Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229960001592 paclitaxel Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 239000008389 polyethoxylated castor oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002456 taxol group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229920002685 Polyoxyl 35CastorOil Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- QUANRIQJNFHVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound C1CO1.OCC(O)CO QUANRIQJNFHVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000029749 Microtubule Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091022875 Microtubule Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000004688 microtubule Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N (S)-colchicine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](NC(C)=O)CC2)=CC(=O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=C1OC IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000202349 Taxus brevifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000394 mitotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 Aspartic acid Benzene sulphonic acid Benzoic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Phosphoric acid Nitric acid Tartaric acid Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010025323 Lymphomas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033128 Ovarian cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061535 Ovarian neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000632 Spindle poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241001116500 Taxus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940122803 Vinca alkaloid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZMZINYUKVRMNTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;formic acid Chemical compound OC=O.CC(O)=O ZMZINYUKVRMNTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVPYQUNUQOZFHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N amidotrizoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=C(I)C(NC(C)=O)=C(I)C(C(O)=O)=C1I YVPYQUNUQOZFHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004543 anhydrous citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000118 anti-neoplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940034982 antineoplastic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQLATGHUWYMOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L cisplatin Chemical compound N[Pt](N)(Cl)Cl DQLATGHUWYMOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004316 cisplatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001338 colchicine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005223 diatrizoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N epipodophyllotoxin Natural products COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(C2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(O)C3C2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007972 injectable composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002611 ovarian Effects 0.000 description 1
- YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N podophyllotoxin Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001237 podophyllotoxin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N podophyllotoxin Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3C(O)C3C2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YVCVYCSAAZQOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011123 type I (borosilicate glass) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A composition of taxol and polyethoxylated castor oil is pH balanced to have a pH less than 8.1 to improve stability. This composition can include an acid, preferably citric acid, to adjust the pH value.
The invention includes a method of formulating a taxol solution for injection by mixing an acid with a carrier material, such as castor oil, to form a carrier solution after which taxol is mixed with the carrier solution to form the taxol solution at a pH of less than 8.1. The method may include the step of slurrying the taxol in alcohol before mixing with the carrier solution.
The invention includes a method of formulating a taxol solution for injection by mixing an acid with a carrier material, such as castor oil, to form a carrier solution after which taxol is mixed with the carrier solution to form the taxol solution at a pH of less than 8.1. The method may include the step of slurrying the taxol in alcohol before mixing with the carrier solution.
Description
INJECTABLE COMPOSITION
This invention relates to a solution of taxol having improved stability.
This application is a division of copending Canadian Patent Application No. 2,149,150 filed November 18, 1993.
Taxol is a compound extracted from the bark of a western yew, Taxus brevifolia and known for its antineoplastic activity. It is described for example in The Merck Index, Eleventh Edition 1989, monograph 9049. "TAXOL" is a registered trade-mark for the substance paclitaxel.
In 1977, taxol was chosen for development as an antineoplastic agent because of its unique mechanism of action and good cytotoxic activity against IP implanted D16 melanoma and the human X-1 mammary tumor xenograft.
Taxol is believed to function as a mitotic spindle poison and as a potent inhibitor of cell replication in vitro. Other mitotic spindle points (colchicine and podophyllotoxin) inhibit microtubule assembly. Taxol employs a different mechanism of action since it appears to shift the equilibrium of polymerization/depolymerization toward polymer assembly and to stabilize microtubules against depolymerization under conditions which would cause rapid disaggregation of microtubules. The interference with the polymerization/depolymerization cycle in cells appears to interfere with both the replication and migration of cells.
After extensive preclinical screening in mouse tumor models, taxol entered clinical trials in 1983.
Over the past few years, taxol has demonstrated good response rates in treating both ovarian and breast cancer patients who were not benefiting from vinca alkaloid or cisplatin therapy. It has also shown encouraging results in patients with other types of cancer including lung, melanoma, lymphoma, head and neck.
5 For further information, reference may be made to the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Clinical Brochure for Taxol, revised July 1991, and papers presented at the Second National Cancer Institute Workshop on Taxol and Taxus held in Alexandria, Virginia USA on September 23-24, 1992.
It is a disadvantage of a known formulation that the taxol therein degrades, with the result that the shelf life of the formulation is unsatisfactory, and there is therefore a need for a taxol solution of improved stability.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention claimed in the parent application, there is provided an improvement in a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for use in treating cancer comprising taxol and polyethoxylated castor oil, the improvement comprising an acidifying agent added to the pharmaceutical formulation in a proportion such that the composition has a resulting pH less than or equal to 7Ø
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article of manufacture comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days; and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter produced by the process of (a) obtaining a sealable container; (b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days; (c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
In accordance with an additional aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, said pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier; and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days; and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter produced by the process of (a) obtaining a sealable container; (b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days; (c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container; (d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
Accordingly, in a general aspect the invention provides a solution containing taxol, cremophor ELTM
and ethanol, characterized in that the pH of the solution has been adjusted into the range 1 to 8 by addition of an acid. Acids in the form of powders, for example citric acid, are preferred over those which contain water, for example sulfuric acid . The most preferred acid for use in accordance with the present invention is citric acid but a wide range of acids may be used including the following:
Citric acid - monohydrous Citric acid - anhydrous Citric acid - hydrous Acetic acid Formic acid Ascorbic acid Aspartic acid Benzene sulphonic acid Benzoic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Phosphoric acid Nitric acid Tartaric acid Diatrizoic acid Glutamic acid Lactic acid Malefic acid Succinic acid 5 Due to its limited solubility in water, Taxol is usually prepared and administered in a vehicle containing cremophor ELTM (a polyethoxylated castor oil which acts as a solubilizer) and ethanol. A
commercially available solution supplied by Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) is formulated with these components and has a pH of 9.1.
As indicated above, the invention essentially teaches addition of an acid to a taxol formulation to adjust its pH into the range 1 to 8, preferably 5 to 7.
In a preferred procedure adopted by the applicant, which it will be clearly understood is non-limiting, the following steps were carried out:
Mixina Instructions Citric acid was dissolved in absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 mls of absolute alcohol to 1 gram of citric acid, and the solution was stirred for fifteen (15) minutes.
Cremophor EL was weighted out into the main mixing vessel.
Solution 1 was added to solution 2, and the container used for solution 2 was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol to ensure complete transfer of the citric acid. Solution 3 was mixed and bubbled with nitrogen for at least 15 minutes. The taxol was weighed out and slurried using absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 ml of absolute alcohol to 1 gm of taxol. The slurried taxol was added to solution 3 and the slurrying vessel was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol. Solution 3 was adjusted 5 to 75% of required volume using absolute alcohol, and thoroughly stirred for at least 45 minutes until completely dissolved. Once completely dissolved, the volume was checked and made up as necessary with absolute alcohol and the final solution stirred for 5 minutes.
Exam~l a 1 A solution was prepared with the following formulation:
Formulation: (Sample 1) Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Citric Acid (Anhydrous) 2.0 mg Taxol 6.0 mg Absolute Alcohol to 1.0 mL
The pH of this solution was determined as 6.1.
The stability of this sample was compared with a sample prepared by the formulation stated in the NCI
Taxol Clinical brochure (as follows) which had a pH of 9.1. (Sample 2) Sample 2 per mL
Taxol 6 mg Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Absolute Alcohol to 1 mL
The solutions were filled into clear type 1 glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solutions were stored at 40°C for 7 (seven) days and the stability results are shown in Table 1.
This invention relates to a solution of taxol having improved stability.
This application is a division of copending Canadian Patent Application No. 2,149,150 filed November 18, 1993.
Taxol is a compound extracted from the bark of a western yew, Taxus brevifolia and known for its antineoplastic activity. It is described for example in The Merck Index, Eleventh Edition 1989, monograph 9049. "TAXOL" is a registered trade-mark for the substance paclitaxel.
In 1977, taxol was chosen for development as an antineoplastic agent because of its unique mechanism of action and good cytotoxic activity against IP implanted D16 melanoma and the human X-1 mammary tumor xenograft.
Taxol is believed to function as a mitotic spindle poison and as a potent inhibitor of cell replication in vitro. Other mitotic spindle points (colchicine and podophyllotoxin) inhibit microtubule assembly. Taxol employs a different mechanism of action since it appears to shift the equilibrium of polymerization/depolymerization toward polymer assembly and to stabilize microtubules against depolymerization under conditions which would cause rapid disaggregation of microtubules. The interference with the polymerization/depolymerization cycle in cells appears to interfere with both the replication and migration of cells.
After extensive preclinical screening in mouse tumor models, taxol entered clinical trials in 1983.
Over the past few years, taxol has demonstrated good response rates in treating both ovarian and breast cancer patients who were not benefiting from vinca alkaloid or cisplatin therapy. It has also shown encouraging results in patients with other types of cancer including lung, melanoma, lymphoma, head and neck.
5 For further information, reference may be made to the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Clinical Brochure for Taxol, revised July 1991, and papers presented at the Second National Cancer Institute Workshop on Taxol and Taxus held in Alexandria, Virginia USA on September 23-24, 1992.
It is a disadvantage of a known formulation that the taxol therein degrades, with the result that the shelf life of the formulation is unsatisfactory, and there is therefore a need for a taxol solution of improved stability.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention claimed in the parent application, there is provided an improvement in a pharmaceutical formulation adapted for use in treating cancer comprising taxol and polyethoxylated castor oil, the improvement comprising an acidifying agent added to the pharmaceutical formulation in a proportion such that the composition has a resulting pH less than or equal to 7Ø
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article of manufacture comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days; and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter produced by the process of (a) obtaining a sealable container; (b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days; (c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
In accordance with an additional aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, said pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier; and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days; and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition of matter produced by the process of (a) obtaining a sealable container; (b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days; (c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container; (d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
Accordingly, in a general aspect the invention provides a solution containing taxol, cremophor ELTM
and ethanol, characterized in that the pH of the solution has been adjusted into the range 1 to 8 by addition of an acid. Acids in the form of powders, for example citric acid, are preferred over those which contain water, for example sulfuric acid . The most preferred acid for use in accordance with the present invention is citric acid but a wide range of acids may be used including the following:
Citric acid - monohydrous Citric acid - anhydrous Citric acid - hydrous Acetic acid Formic acid Ascorbic acid Aspartic acid Benzene sulphonic acid Benzoic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Phosphoric acid Nitric acid Tartaric acid Diatrizoic acid Glutamic acid Lactic acid Malefic acid Succinic acid 5 Due to its limited solubility in water, Taxol is usually prepared and administered in a vehicle containing cremophor ELTM (a polyethoxylated castor oil which acts as a solubilizer) and ethanol. A
commercially available solution supplied by Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) is formulated with these components and has a pH of 9.1.
As indicated above, the invention essentially teaches addition of an acid to a taxol formulation to adjust its pH into the range 1 to 8, preferably 5 to 7.
In a preferred procedure adopted by the applicant, which it will be clearly understood is non-limiting, the following steps were carried out:
Mixina Instructions Citric acid was dissolved in absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 mls of absolute alcohol to 1 gram of citric acid, and the solution was stirred for fifteen (15) minutes.
Cremophor EL was weighted out into the main mixing vessel.
Solution 1 was added to solution 2, and the container used for solution 2 was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol to ensure complete transfer of the citric acid. Solution 3 was mixed and bubbled with nitrogen for at least 15 minutes. The taxol was weighed out and slurried using absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 ml of absolute alcohol to 1 gm of taxol. The slurried taxol was added to solution 3 and the slurrying vessel was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol. Solution 3 was adjusted 5 to 75% of required volume using absolute alcohol, and thoroughly stirred for at least 45 minutes until completely dissolved. Once completely dissolved, the volume was checked and made up as necessary with absolute alcohol and the final solution stirred for 5 minutes.
Exam~l a 1 A solution was prepared with the following formulation:
Formulation: (Sample 1) Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Citric Acid (Anhydrous) 2.0 mg Taxol 6.0 mg Absolute Alcohol to 1.0 mL
The pH of this solution was determined as 6.1.
The stability of this sample was compared with a sample prepared by the formulation stated in the NCI
Taxol Clinical brochure (as follows) which had a pH of 9.1. (Sample 2) Sample 2 per mL
Taxol 6 mg Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Absolute Alcohol to 1 mL
The solutions were filled into clear type 1 glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solutions were stored at 40°C for 7 (seven) days and the stability results are shown in Table 1.
Sample 1 Sample 2 pH 6.2 9.0 Potency 96.6 86.7 Major individual 0.3% 5.1% impurity Total impurities 2.0% 12.2%
Clearly Sample 1 showed significantly increased stability over Sample 2.
Example 2 A solution was prepared with the following formulation:
Formulation: (Sample 3) Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Taxol 6.0 mg Absolute Ethanol to 1 mL
pH adjusted to 6.6 with 1.OM Acetic Acid.
The solution was filled into clear type I glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solution was stored at 40°C for 7 days.
The stability results obtained are compared to those seen with Sample 2.
Sample 3 Sample 2 pH 6.7 9.0 Potency 97.5 86.7 Major individual 0.3% 5.1% impurity Total impurities 2.3% 12.2%
Again the significantly superior stability of the formulation according to the invention (Sample 3) is evident.
It will be clearly understood that the invention in its general aspects is not limited to the specific details referred to hereinabove.
Clearly Sample 1 showed significantly increased stability over Sample 2.
Example 2 A solution was prepared with the following formulation:
Formulation: (Sample 3) Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Taxol 6.0 mg Absolute Ethanol to 1 mL
pH adjusted to 6.6 with 1.OM Acetic Acid.
The solution was filled into clear type I glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solution was stored at 40°C for 7 days.
The stability results obtained are compared to those seen with Sample 2.
Sample 3 Sample 2 pH 6.7 9.0 Potency 97.5 86.7 Major individual 0.3% 5.1% impurity Total impurities 2.3% 12.2%
Again the significantly superior stability of the formulation according to the invention (Sample 3) is evident.
It will be clearly understood that the invention in its general aspects is not limited to the specific details referred to hereinabove.
Claims (40)
1. An article of manufacture comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, said pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier; and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
2. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has a pH between 5 and 7, inclusive.
3. The article of manufacture of claim 1 or 2, further comprising ethanol as a constituent thereof.
4. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier is polyethoxylated caster oil.
5. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is anhydrous.
6. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said acid is a mineral acid.
7. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said acid is an organic acid.
8. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said acid is acetic acid.
9. The article of manufacture of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said acid is citric acid.
10. The article of manufacture of claim 9, wherein said citric acid is anhydrous.
11. A composition of matter produced by the process of:
(a) obtaining a sealable container;
(b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days;
(c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
(a) obtaining a sealable container;
(b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid in sufficient amount to improve the stability of the taxol such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when the composition is stored at 40°C for seven days;
(c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
12. The composition of matter of claim 11, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has a pH between 5 and 7, inclusive.
13. The composition of matter of claim 11 or 12, further comprising ethanol as a constituent thereof.
14. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein said pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier is polyethoxylated caster oil.
15. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is anhydrous.
16. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein said acid is mineral acid.
17. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein said acid is an organic acid.
18. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein said acid is acetic acid.
19. The composition of matter of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein said acid is citric acid.
20. The composition of matter of claim 19, wherein said citric acid is anhydrous.
21. A composition of matter comprising a sealable container and a pharmaceutical formulation contained therein, said pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol; a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier; and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days; and wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has been sealed in said container for at least seven days.
22. The composition of matter of claim 21, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has a pH between 5 and 7, inclusive.
23. The composition of matter of claim 21 or 22, further comprising ethanol as a constituent thereof.
24. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein said pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier is polyethoxylated caster oil.
25. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is anhydrous.
26. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein said acid is mineral acid.
27. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein said acid is an organic acid.
28. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein said acid is acetic acid.
29. The composition of matter of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein said acid is citric acid.
30. The composition of matter of claim 29, wherein said citric acid is anhydrous.
31. A composition of matter produced by the process of:
(a) obtaining a sealable container;
(b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days;
(c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
(a) obtaining a sealable container;
(b) obtaining a pharmaceutical formulation comprising taxol, a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier, and an acid, said formulation being such that at least 95% of the taxol potency is retained when said formulation is stored at 40°C for seven days;
(c) placing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealable container;
(d) sealing said sealable container; and (e) storing said pharmaceutical formulation in said sealed container for at least seven days.
32. The composition of matter of claim 31, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation has a pH between 5 and 7, inclusive.
33. The composition of matter of claim 31 or 32, further comprising ethanol as a constituent thereof.
34. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein said pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier is polyethoxylated caster oil.
35. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 34, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is anhydrous.
36. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein said acid is mineral acid.
37. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein said acid is an organic acid.
38. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein said acid is acetic acid.
39. The composition of matter of any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein said acid is citric acid.
40. The composition of matter of claim 39, wherein said citric acid is anhydrous.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AUPL6074 | 1992-11-27 | ||
AUPL607492 | 1992-11-27 | ||
US99550192A | 1992-12-22 | 1992-12-22 | |
US07/995,501 | 1992-12-22 | ||
CA002149150A CA2149150C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable taxol composition with improved stability |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CA002149150A Division CA2149150C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable taxol composition with improved stability |
Publications (1)
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CA2308082A1 true CA2308082A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
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CA002149150A Expired - Lifetime CA2149150C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable taxol composition with improved stability |
CA002308082A Abandoned CA2308082A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable compostion |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CA002149150A Expired - Lifetime CA2149150C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable taxol composition with improved stability |
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EP (4) | EP0674510B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2880292B2 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE169216T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5612694A (en) |
CA (2) | CA2149150C (en) |
DE (2) | DE69320206T2 (en) |
DK (2) | DK0674510T3 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2119996T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3027724T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT835657E (en) |
WO (2) | WO1994012031A1 (en) |
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FR2601675B1 (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-09-23 | Rhone Poulenc Sante | TAXOL DERIVATIVES, THEIR PREPARATION AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM |
US4942184A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1990-07-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Water soluble, antineoplastic derivatives of taxol |
US5157049A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1992-10-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health & Human Services | Method of treating cancers sensitive to treatment with water soluble derivatives of taxol |
US4960790A (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1990-10-02 | University Of Kansas | Derivatives of taxol, pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods for the preparation thereof |
US5136060A (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1992-08-04 | Florida State University | Method for preparation of taxol using an oxazinone |
EP0468044B1 (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1995-10-11 | PQ Corporation | Method of frying oil treatment using an alumina and amorphous silica composition |
TW223634B (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1994-05-11 | Kingston David G I | |
FR2678833B1 (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1995-04-07 | Rhone Poulenc Rorer Sa | NEW PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS BASED ON DERIVATIVES OF THE TAXANE CLASS. |
US5254580A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1993-10-19 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | 7,8-cyclopropataxanes |
EP0674510B1 (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1998-08-05 | Napro Biotherapeutics, Inc. | Injectable composition comprising paclitaxel |
US5281727A (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1994-01-25 | Napro Biotherapeutics, Inc. | Method of using ion exchange media to increase taxane yields |
NZ258044A (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1995-12-21 | Faulding F H & Co Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition comprising taxol, solubilising agent, an acid and an organic solvent |
TW406020B (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 2000-09-21 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Stabilized pharmaceutical composition and its method for preparation and stabilizing solvent |
US5733388A (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1998-03-31 | Daido Tokiushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Steel composition for bearings and method of producing the same |
-
1993
- 1993-11-18 EP EP94901593A patent/EP0674510B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-11-18 WO PCT/US1993/011209 patent/WO1994012031A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-11-18 PT PT97121710T patent/PT835657E/en unknown
- 1993-11-18 EP EP97121710A patent/EP0835657B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-11-18 DE DE69320206T patent/DE69320206T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-11-18 AU AU56126/94A patent/AU5612694A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-11-18 CA CA002149150A patent/CA2149150C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-18 EP EP04020044A patent/EP1500393A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-11-18 DK DK94901593T patent/DK0674510T3/en active
- 1993-11-18 ES ES94901593T patent/ES2119996T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-18 CA CA002308082A patent/CA2308082A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-11-18 DE DE69333605T patent/DE69333605T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-11-18 ES ES97121710T patent/ES2224200T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-18 EP EP03025151A patent/EP1384474A1/en active Pending
- 1993-11-18 WO PCT/US1993/011199 patent/WO1994012030A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-11-18 JP JP6513255A patent/JP2880292B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-18 AT AT94901593T patent/ATE169216T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-18 DK DK97121710T patent/DK0835657T3/en active
- 1993-11-18 AT AT97121710T patent/ATE274347T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-01-31 US US08/594,478 patent/US5733888A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 US US08/979,836 patent/US5977164A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-02-24 US US09/028,906 patent/US5972992A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-26 GR GR980401904T patent/GR3027724T3/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-07-19 US US09/356,158 patent/US6140359A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-03 US US09/563,969 patent/US6306894B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-10-04 US US09/970,558 patent/US6770670B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-04-29 US US10/835,875 patent/US20040204479A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040204479A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
WO1994012030A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
JP2880292B2 (en) | 1999-04-05 |
EP0835657B1 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
GR3027724T3 (en) | 1998-11-30 |
WO1994012031A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
EP0674510B1 (en) | 1998-08-05 |
US6770670B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 |
ATE274347T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US20030065022A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
EP1500393A1 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
US6306894B1 (en) | 2001-10-23 |
EP0674510A4 (en) | 1995-08-12 |
DE69320206D1 (en) | 1998-09-10 |
CA2149150C (en) | 2000-08-01 |
EP0835657A1 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
US5972992A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
ES2224200T3 (en) | 2005-03-01 |
EP1384474A1 (en) | 2004-01-28 |
JPH08503945A (en) | 1996-04-30 |
DK0674510T3 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
EP0674510A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
DK0835657T3 (en) | 2005-01-10 |
AU5612694A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
US5977164A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
ES2119996T3 (en) | 1998-10-16 |
PT835657E (en) | 2004-11-30 |
ATE169216T1 (en) | 1998-08-15 |
DE69333605T2 (en) | 2005-02-03 |
DE69320206T2 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
DE69333605D1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
US6140359A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
CA2149150A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
US5733888A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |