CA2303981A1 - Plasma spraying apparatus - Google Patents
Plasma spraying apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2303981A1 CA2303981A1 CA002303981A CA2303981A CA2303981A1 CA 2303981 A1 CA2303981 A1 CA 2303981A1 CA 002303981 A CA002303981 A CA 002303981A CA 2303981 A CA2303981 A CA 2303981A CA 2303981 A1 CA2303981 A1 CA 2303981A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- base body
- torch head
- plasma torch
- plasma
- spraying apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004157 plasmatron Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3457—Nozzle protection devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
- B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
- B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
Abstract
A plasma spraying apparatus comprises a plasma torch head provided with an anode base body member, a cathode base body member and an insulating member inserted between the anode base body member and the cathode base body member. In the anode base body member, a gas feeding channel is provided that opens into an essentially conically shaped recess provided in the anode base body member. Via that gas feeding channel, a gas can be fed into a cavity located between a coating powder feeding tube and the outlet nozzle. Thereby, an accumulation of coating powder particles in the region of the outlet nozzle can be substantially avoided and the quality of the coating applied with such a plasma spraying apparatus is improved.
Description
. CA 02303981 2000-04-06 PLASMA SPRAYING APPARATUS
Background of the Invention The present invention refers to a plasma spraying apparatus, comprising a plasma torch head, an outlet nozzle having a central longitudinal axis that is provided in the plasma torch head and serves as an anode, and a coating powder feeding channel provided in the plasma torch head and running substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the outlet nozzle.
Under the expression "plasma spraying apparatus", a coating apparatus shall be understood, both generally an in the present case, that is provided with a so-called plasmatron, whereby the coating material is fed to the plasma jet in the form of powder.
That coating powder is molten in the plasma jet and applied to the substrate as a homogenous layer.
Prior Art In nearly all plasma spraying apparatuses used nowadays, the coating powder is fed to the plasma jet laterally, i.e. in radial direction. Examinations of substrates that have been coated using such plasma spraying apparatuses have shown that inhomogenous por-tions in the form of inclusions can occur from time to time in the applied coating layer. The reason for the occurrence of such in-clusion most probably lies in the fact that coating powder parti-cles adhere to the outlet nozzle, serving as an anode, of the plasma torch head, whereby such powder agglomerates are entrained by the plasma jet from time to time. The powder agglomerates en-trained by the plasma jet usually are heavily oxidized and con-taminated, respectively, with the result that they impair the quality of the applied coating.
It is supposed that particularly aerodynamic conditions are responsible for the occurrence of such powder particle agglomer-ates.
Obiects of the Invention Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide a plasma spraying apparatus having a plasma torch head by means of which coatings can be applied that show an improved quality. Particu-larly, it is an object of the invention to provide a plasma spray-ing apparatus having a plasma torch head in which the occurrence of such agglomerates of coating powder particles in the applied coating is avoided.
Summary of the Invention In order to meet these and other objects, the present inven-tion provides a plasma spraying apparatus, comprising a plasma torch head, an outlet nozzle provided in plasma the torch head and adapted to serve as an anode, and a coating powder feeding channel provided in the plasma torch head that runs substantially perpen-dicular to a central longitudinal axis of the outlet nozzle.
The plasma torch head is provided with at least one gas outlet aperture adapted to feed a gaseous medium to the outlet nozzle such that an accumulation of coating powder particles in the re-gion of the outlet nozzle is substantially avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the plasma torch head comprises a supporting member defining a cavity that is located between the gas outlet aperture and the coating powder feeding channel, whereby the gaseous medium is fed into that cavity.
In this way, the afore mentioned problems can be solved and the occurrence of accumulations of coating powder particles in the region between the coating powder channel and the outlet nozzle can be avoided.
Brief Description of the Drawings In the following, an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention will be further described, with reference to the ac-companying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional plasma torch head;
Background of the Invention The present invention refers to a plasma spraying apparatus, comprising a plasma torch head, an outlet nozzle having a central longitudinal axis that is provided in the plasma torch head and serves as an anode, and a coating powder feeding channel provided in the plasma torch head and running substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the outlet nozzle.
Under the expression "plasma spraying apparatus", a coating apparatus shall be understood, both generally an in the present case, that is provided with a so-called plasmatron, whereby the coating material is fed to the plasma jet in the form of powder.
That coating powder is molten in the plasma jet and applied to the substrate as a homogenous layer.
Prior Art In nearly all plasma spraying apparatuses used nowadays, the coating powder is fed to the plasma jet laterally, i.e. in radial direction. Examinations of substrates that have been coated using such plasma spraying apparatuses have shown that inhomogenous por-tions in the form of inclusions can occur from time to time in the applied coating layer. The reason for the occurrence of such in-clusion most probably lies in the fact that coating powder parti-cles adhere to the outlet nozzle, serving as an anode, of the plasma torch head, whereby such powder agglomerates are entrained by the plasma jet from time to time. The powder agglomerates en-trained by the plasma jet usually are heavily oxidized and con-taminated, respectively, with the result that they impair the quality of the applied coating.
It is supposed that particularly aerodynamic conditions are responsible for the occurrence of such powder particle agglomer-ates.
Obiects of the Invention Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide a plasma spraying apparatus having a plasma torch head by means of which coatings can be applied that show an improved quality. Particu-larly, it is an object of the invention to provide a plasma spray-ing apparatus having a plasma torch head in which the occurrence of such agglomerates of coating powder particles in the applied coating is avoided.
Summary of the Invention In order to meet these and other objects, the present inven-tion provides a plasma spraying apparatus, comprising a plasma torch head, an outlet nozzle provided in plasma the torch head and adapted to serve as an anode, and a coating powder feeding channel provided in the plasma torch head that runs substantially perpen-dicular to a central longitudinal axis of the outlet nozzle.
The plasma torch head is provided with at least one gas outlet aperture adapted to feed a gaseous medium to the outlet nozzle such that an accumulation of coating powder particles in the re-gion of the outlet nozzle is substantially avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the plasma torch head comprises a supporting member defining a cavity that is located between the gas outlet aperture and the coating powder feeding channel, whereby the gaseous medium is fed into that cavity.
In this way, the afore mentioned problems can be solved and the occurrence of accumulations of coating powder particles in the region between the coating powder channel and the outlet nozzle can be avoided.
Brief Description of the Drawings In the following, an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention will be further described, with reference to the ac-companying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional plasma torch head;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of a plasma torch head ac-cording to the invention;
Fig. 3 shows a top view of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows a front view of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows a top view of the anode base body member of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2; and Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anode base body member of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional plasma torch head 1. As can be seen from this drawing, the plasma torch head 1 comprises an anode base body member 2, a cathode base body member 4 as well as an insulating body member 3 inserted between the anode base body member 2 and the cathode base body member 4 and electrically insulating the anode base body member 2 from the cathode base body member 4.
The anode base body member 2 is provided with an anode nozzle 6, and the cathode base body member 4 is provided with a cathode member 7. The plasma torch head 1 has a longitudinal central axis L-1, and it can be seen from Fig. 1 that the afore mentioned anode nozzle 6 as well as the afore mentioned cathode member 7 are lo-Gated along an axis L-2 running perpendicular to the central lon-gitudinal axis L-1 of the plasma torch head 1. Thus, a plasma jet created by the plasma torch head 1 escapes laterally out of the plasma torch head 1, in the direction of the axis L-2.
Both the anode base member 2 and the cathode base member 4 are manufactured of a material having a good electrical conductivity, for example of brass. Thereby, the anode nozzle 6 is electrically connected to the anode base member 2, and the cathode member 7 is electrically connected to the cathode base member 4. The supply of the coating powder is accomplished by means of a tube member 9 that is provided at the outside of the plasma torch head 1. Since this tube member 9 runs perpendicular to the afore mentioned lon-gitudinal axis L-2, the coating material is fed to the plasma jet 10 in a substantially radial direction. The plasma torch head 1 is of very compact design. Thus a plasma spraying apparatus incorpo-rating such a plasma torch head 1 is particularly suitable for coating the inner walls of tubes and pipes.
It is understood that the plasma torch head 1 further com-prises a number of channels provided for feeding cooling media and other media required for the operation thereof. However, since these channels are not relevant in connection with the present in-vention, they are not shown in the drawings.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of the plasma torch head 1 according to the invention, while Fig. 3 shows a top view of the plasma torch head 1 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 shows a front view of the plasma torch head 1 of Fig. 2. In the following, the design of the plasma torch head 1 will be further explained, whereby the same parts and elements are designated with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1.
The plasma torch head 1 according to the invention is provided with a gas supply channel 12 (Fig. 2) that is located in the inte-rior of the anode base body member 2. Moreover, the anode base body member 2 is provided with a recess 13 having essentially conical shape. The gas supply channel 12 has an outlet aperture 12a opening into that recess 13. The tube member 9 provided for supplying coating material is fixed to a supporting member 14 hav-ing a cavity 15 extending between the recess 13 and the coating powder supply tube member 9. This cavity 15 can be flooded with a gas 16 supplied via the channel 12, as it is symbolized in Fig. 2.
The gas 16 escapes from the cavity 15 at the side that is directed towards the plasma jet 10. In this way, it is avoided that an ac-cumulation of coating powder can occur in the aerodynamically critical region between the outlet edge of the anode nozzle 6 and the mouth of the powder supply tube member 9.
Fig. 5 shows a top view of the anode base body member 2 and Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anode base body member 2. From these two figures, particularly the design of the anode nozzle 6 and the shape of the recess 13 can be seen.
According to the desired effect and depending on the kind of the coating powder, both a reactive or an inert gas can be fed via the channel 12. In most cases, it is sufficient to feed the gas through the channel 12 in a rate of 10 to 20 liters per minute.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows a front view of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows a top view of the anode base body member of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2; and Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anode base body member of the plasma torch head of Fig. 2.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional plasma torch head 1. As can be seen from this drawing, the plasma torch head 1 comprises an anode base body member 2, a cathode base body member 4 as well as an insulating body member 3 inserted between the anode base body member 2 and the cathode base body member 4 and electrically insulating the anode base body member 2 from the cathode base body member 4.
The anode base body member 2 is provided with an anode nozzle 6, and the cathode base body member 4 is provided with a cathode member 7. The plasma torch head 1 has a longitudinal central axis L-1, and it can be seen from Fig. 1 that the afore mentioned anode nozzle 6 as well as the afore mentioned cathode member 7 are lo-Gated along an axis L-2 running perpendicular to the central lon-gitudinal axis L-1 of the plasma torch head 1. Thus, a plasma jet created by the plasma torch head 1 escapes laterally out of the plasma torch head 1, in the direction of the axis L-2.
Both the anode base member 2 and the cathode base member 4 are manufactured of a material having a good electrical conductivity, for example of brass. Thereby, the anode nozzle 6 is electrically connected to the anode base member 2, and the cathode member 7 is electrically connected to the cathode base member 4. The supply of the coating powder is accomplished by means of a tube member 9 that is provided at the outside of the plasma torch head 1. Since this tube member 9 runs perpendicular to the afore mentioned lon-gitudinal axis L-2, the coating material is fed to the plasma jet 10 in a substantially radial direction. The plasma torch head 1 is of very compact design. Thus a plasma spraying apparatus incorpo-rating such a plasma torch head 1 is particularly suitable for coating the inner walls of tubes and pipes.
It is understood that the plasma torch head 1 further com-prises a number of channels provided for feeding cooling media and other media required for the operation thereof. However, since these channels are not relevant in connection with the present in-vention, they are not shown in the drawings.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of the plasma torch head 1 according to the invention, while Fig. 3 shows a top view of the plasma torch head 1 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 shows a front view of the plasma torch head 1 of Fig. 2. In the following, the design of the plasma torch head 1 will be further explained, whereby the same parts and elements are designated with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1.
The plasma torch head 1 according to the invention is provided with a gas supply channel 12 (Fig. 2) that is located in the inte-rior of the anode base body member 2. Moreover, the anode base body member 2 is provided with a recess 13 having essentially conical shape. The gas supply channel 12 has an outlet aperture 12a opening into that recess 13. The tube member 9 provided for supplying coating material is fixed to a supporting member 14 hav-ing a cavity 15 extending between the recess 13 and the coating powder supply tube member 9. This cavity 15 can be flooded with a gas 16 supplied via the channel 12, as it is symbolized in Fig. 2.
The gas 16 escapes from the cavity 15 at the side that is directed towards the plasma jet 10. In this way, it is avoided that an ac-cumulation of coating powder can occur in the aerodynamically critical region between the outlet edge of the anode nozzle 6 and the mouth of the powder supply tube member 9.
Fig. 5 shows a top view of the anode base body member 2 and Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anode base body member 2. From these two figures, particularly the design of the anode nozzle 6 and the shape of the recess 13 can be seen.
According to the desired effect and depending on the kind of the coating powder, both a reactive or an inert gas can be fed via the channel 12. In most cases, it is sufficient to feed the gas through the channel 12 in a rate of 10 to 20 liters per minute.
Claims (5)
1. A plasma spraying apparatus, comprising a plasma torch head means;
an outlet nozzle means having a central longitudinal axis and provided in said plasma torch head means and adapted to serve as an anode;
a coating powder feeding channel means provided in said plasma torch head means and running substantially perpendicular to said central longitudinal axis of said outlet nozzle means;
said plasma torch head means being provided with at least one gas outlet aperture means adapted to feed a gaseous medium to said outlet nozzle means such that an accumulation of coating powder particles in the region of said outlet nozzle means is substantially avoided.
an outlet nozzle means having a central longitudinal axis and provided in said plasma torch head means and adapted to serve as an anode;
a coating powder feeding channel means provided in said plasma torch head means and running substantially perpendicular to said central longitudinal axis of said outlet nozzle means;
said plasma torch head means being provided with at least one gas outlet aperture means adapted to feed a gaseous medium to said outlet nozzle means such that an accumulation of coating powder particles in the region of said outlet nozzle means is substantially avoided.
2. A plasma spraying apparatus according to claim 1 in which said plasma torch head means further comprises a supporting member means defining a cavity means that is located between said at least one gas outlet aperture means and said coating powder feeding channel means.
3. A plasma spraying apparatus according to claim 1 in which said plasma torch head means is provided with an anode base body means comprising said outlet nozzle means, with a cathode base body means comprising a cathode means and with an insulating body means inserted between said anode base body means and said cathode base body means.
4. A plasma spraying apparatus according to claim 3 in which said anode base body means is provided with a recess means having essentially conical shape, said at least one gas outlet aperture means opening into said recess means.
5. A plasma spraying apparatus according to claim 4 in which said plasma torch head means comprises a gas feeding channel means opening into said recess means in the region of the tip of the cone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19935468.5 | 1999-07-28 | ||
| DE19935468A DE19935468A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 1999-07-28 | Plasma spraying device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2303981A1 true CA2303981A1 (en) | 2001-01-28 |
Family
ID=7916368
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002303981A Abandoned CA2303981A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 2000-04-06 | Plasma spraying apparatus |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1075167A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001052893A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010020643A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2303981A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19935468A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19935468A1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-15 | Sulzer Metco Ag Wohlen | Plasma spraying device |
| JP3543149B2 (en) | 2001-09-03 | 2004-07-14 | 島津工業有限会社 | Torch head for plasma spraying |
| US20070298187A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2007-12-27 | Volvo Aero Corporation | Thermal Spraying Method and Device |
| US7644872B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2010-01-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Powder port blow-off for thermal spray processes |
| RU2765851C1 (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-02-03 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет" (ФГАОУ ВО КФУ) | Metal spraying apparatus for restoring the wear of a part |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3430383A1 (en) * | 1984-08-17 | 1986-02-27 | Plasmainvent AG, Zug | PLASMA SPRAY BURNER FOR INTERNAL COATINGS |
| JPH01218772A (en) * | 1988-02-27 | 1989-08-31 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Plasma powder body cladding torch |
| US5013883A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1991-05-07 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Plasma spray device with external powder feed |
| DE4022112C2 (en) * | 1990-07-11 | 1996-03-14 | Mannesmann Ag | Plasma torch for transmitted arc |
| DE4030541C2 (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1997-10-02 | Dilthey Ulrich Prof Dr Ing | Burner for coating base materials with powdered filler materials |
| US5208448A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-05-04 | Esab Welding Products, Inc. | Plasma torch nozzle with improved cooling gas flow |
| DE4409002A1 (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1994-09-01 | Arnim Wirth | Method for applying materials in the form of powders or wires by means of a plasma arc which is not transmitted to the workpiece |
| JPH10152766A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-06-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma spraying torch |
| DE19935468A1 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-15 | Sulzer Metco Ag Wohlen | Plasma spraying device |
-
1999
- 1999-07-28 DE DE19935468A patent/DE19935468A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-01-31 EP EP00810085A patent/EP1075167A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-15 JP JP2000036596A patent/JP2001052893A/en active Pending
- 2000-02-28 KR KR1020000009726A patent/KR20010020643A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-06 CA CA002303981A patent/CA2303981A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19935468A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| EP1075167A2 (en) | 2001-02-07 |
| KR20010020643A (en) | 2001-03-15 |
| JP2001052893A (en) | 2001-02-23 |
| EP1075167A3 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |