CA2289142A1 - Dual heater with ptc and fixed resistance elements - Google Patents
Dual heater with ptc and fixed resistance elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2289142A1 CA2289142A1 CA002289142A CA2289142A CA2289142A1 CA 2289142 A1 CA2289142 A1 CA 2289142A1 CA 002289142 A CA002289142 A CA 002289142A CA 2289142 A CA2289142 A CA 2289142A CA 2289142 A1 CA2289142 A1 CA 2289142A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- resistance heating
- heating element
- relatively
- fixed resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/006—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using interdigitated electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
Abstract
The heater includes a relatively fixed resistance heating element for providing a greater heating rate at lower ambient temperatures and/or high heat transfer environments. The heater further includes a relatively variable resistance heating PTC
(positive temperature coefficient) element which has a resistance which increases in response to increased temperature, thereby providing self-regulation by way of reduced heat at increased temperatures. The relatively fixed and variable resistance heating elements are typically provided on opposite sides of a heating pad, but may be separated by a dielectric layer on a single side of a heating pad.
(positive temperature coefficient) element which has a resistance which increases in response to increased temperature, thereby providing self-regulation by way of reduced heat at increased temperatures. The relatively fixed and variable resistance heating elements are typically provided on opposite sides of a heating pad, but may be separated by a dielectric layer on a single side of a heating pad.
Description
sACKGROUND OF THE INoENTION
Field of the Invention This invention pertains to a heater pad which includes both a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heater element and a fixed resistance heater element.
Descrir~tion of the Prior Art In the prior art, fixed resistance heaters are basic elements.
However, in higher ambient temperature or lower heat txansfer environments, such heaters can overheat. An examplE of a dual wattage heater using fixed resistance elements is a KANTHAL X010 NFt 410-1100. PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heaters, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,857,711 to Watts, have a resistance which increases in response to increasing temperatures.
This increased resistance fundamentally reduces the power output in the Pace of constant input voltage. However, users in several applications prefer a heater with multiple settings (such as ~~high"
and "low") which is typically not available in a PTC heater.
OBJECTS AND SUMMAR OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a heater which is self-regulating, particularly at higher operating temperatures.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a heater which can operate With a high power at loiaer operating tempez~atures for maximum heat transfer.
It is therefore a further object of this invention to provide a heater which has multiple power settings.
These and other obj ects are attained by providing a heater pad with a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heater printed on a first side o~ the heater pad and a secondary fixed resistance heater screen printed on the second side of the heater pad.
Terminal connections are made by an eyelet acting as a through hole to create a switchable three-point connection to be used for high and low power setting. Alternatively, a multi-layer single sided screen printed heater can be used with a dielectric layer to separate the two individual heater elements_ BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and claims, and from the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure z is a plan view of the heater of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the PTC conductor layer of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the PTC thermistor layer of the present invention.
Figure ~ is a plan view of the fixed resistance layer of the present invention. .
Figure 5 is a plan view of the dielectric layer which can be used in the alternative 'embodiment of the present invention to separate the ~C layer and the fixed resistance layer_ DETA LED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail wherein like numerals refer to like elements throughout the several views, one sees that Figure 1 is a plan view of dual heater 10. Dual heater 10 includes heater pad 12 which acts as a substrate upon which subsequent layers comprising the heating elements and possibly a dielectric layer are superimposed, as will be explained hereinbelow. Fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14 (also see Figure 4) is typically screen printed onto a first side of heater pad 12 and is in electrical communication through high power positive terminal z8 and conanon ground terminal 2o thereby forming an electrical circuit therethrough.
Figure 2 is a plan view of PTC conductor layer 22 which is in electrical communication with low power positive terminal 16 and common ground terminal zo and which further includes parallel rows of conductor elements z3. PTC conductor layer 22 provides an electrical. connection to PTC thermistor layer 24 as shown in Figure 3. PTC conductor layer 22 is immediately adjacent to PTC
thermistor layer 24 to provide such an electrical connection. The variable resistance as a function of temperature is provided by the inherent characteristics of the PTC thermistor layer 24 in which the thermistox heating elements z5 are provided in parallel rows which contact the parallel rows of conductor elements z3.
Conductor elements 23 are typical perpendicular to thermistor heating elements 25. Fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14 is separated from the combination of the PTC conductor layer 22 and PTC thermistor layer 24 by either the heater pad 12 (that is, fixed resistance serpentine heater element l4 is screen printed on the first side of the heater pad 12, and variable resistance PTC
conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24 are formed on a second side of heater pad 12) or by dielectric layer 26 illustrated in Figure (that is, fixed resistance serpentine heatex element 14 and the PTC conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24 are formed on a single side of heater pad 12 with dielectric layer 26 separating heater element 14 from the combination of PTC conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24).
Typically a switchable three point connection (not shown) is used with terminals 16, 1B, 20 to provide for high and low power settings.
In the low power configuration, an electrical circuit is formed between low power positive terminal 16 and ground terminal 20 thereby providing an electrical circuit through PTC conductor layer 22 and PTC thermistor layer 24. This provides a low power, self-regulating heat source for use in high ambient temperature or low heat transfer situations.
In the high power configuration, an electric circuit is formed between high power positive terminal 18 and ground terminal 20 thereby providing an electrical circuit through the fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14. This provides a high power, relatively non-regulating heat source for low ambient temperatures (such as below 32~ F.) or high heat transfer situations.
Field of the Invention This invention pertains to a heater pad which includes both a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heater element and a fixed resistance heater element.
Descrir~tion of the Prior Art In the prior art, fixed resistance heaters are basic elements.
However, in higher ambient temperature or lower heat txansfer environments, such heaters can overheat. An examplE of a dual wattage heater using fixed resistance elements is a KANTHAL X010 NFt 410-1100. PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heaters, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,857,711 to Watts, have a resistance which increases in response to increasing temperatures.
This increased resistance fundamentally reduces the power output in the Pace of constant input voltage. However, users in several applications prefer a heater with multiple settings (such as ~~high"
and "low") which is typically not available in a PTC heater.
OBJECTS AND SUMMAR OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a heater which is self-regulating, particularly at higher operating temperatures.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a heater which can operate With a high power at loiaer operating tempez~atures for maximum heat transfer.
It is therefore a further object of this invention to provide a heater which has multiple power settings.
These and other obj ects are attained by providing a heater pad with a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heater printed on a first side o~ the heater pad and a secondary fixed resistance heater screen printed on the second side of the heater pad.
Terminal connections are made by an eyelet acting as a through hole to create a switchable three-point connection to be used for high and low power setting. Alternatively, a multi-layer single sided screen printed heater can be used with a dielectric layer to separate the two individual heater elements_ BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and claims, and from the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure z is a plan view of the heater of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the PTC conductor layer of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the PTC thermistor layer of the present invention.
Figure ~ is a plan view of the fixed resistance layer of the present invention. .
Figure 5 is a plan view of the dielectric layer which can be used in the alternative 'embodiment of the present invention to separate the ~C layer and the fixed resistance layer_ DETA LED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail wherein like numerals refer to like elements throughout the several views, one sees that Figure 1 is a plan view of dual heater 10. Dual heater 10 includes heater pad 12 which acts as a substrate upon which subsequent layers comprising the heating elements and possibly a dielectric layer are superimposed, as will be explained hereinbelow. Fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14 (also see Figure 4) is typically screen printed onto a first side of heater pad 12 and is in electrical communication through high power positive terminal z8 and conanon ground terminal 2o thereby forming an electrical circuit therethrough.
Figure 2 is a plan view of PTC conductor layer 22 which is in electrical communication with low power positive terminal 16 and common ground terminal zo and which further includes parallel rows of conductor elements z3. PTC conductor layer 22 provides an electrical. connection to PTC thermistor layer 24 as shown in Figure 3. PTC conductor layer 22 is immediately adjacent to PTC
thermistor layer 24 to provide such an electrical connection. The variable resistance as a function of temperature is provided by the inherent characteristics of the PTC thermistor layer 24 in which the thermistox heating elements z5 are provided in parallel rows which contact the parallel rows of conductor elements z3.
Conductor elements 23 are typical perpendicular to thermistor heating elements 25. Fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14 is separated from the combination of the PTC conductor layer 22 and PTC thermistor layer 24 by either the heater pad 12 (that is, fixed resistance serpentine heater element l4 is screen printed on the first side of the heater pad 12, and variable resistance PTC
conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24 are formed on a second side of heater pad 12) or by dielectric layer 26 illustrated in Figure (that is, fixed resistance serpentine heatex element 14 and the PTC conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24 are formed on a single side of heater pad 12 with dielectric layer 26 separating heater element 14 from the combination of PTC conductor and thermistor layers 22, 24).
Typically a switchable three point connection (not shown) is used with terminals 16, 1B, 20 to provide for high and low power settings.
In the low power configuration, an electrical circuit is formed between low power positive terminal 16 and ground terminal 20 thereby providing an electrical circuit through PTC conductor layer 22 and PTC thermistor layer 24. This provides a low power, self-regulating heat source for use in high ambient temperature or low heat transfer situations.
In the high power configuration, an electric circuit is formed between high power positive terminal 18 and ground terminal 20 thereby providing an electrical circuit through the fixed resistance serpentine heater element 14. This provides a high power, relatively non-regulating heat source for low ambient temperatures (such as below 32~ F.) or high heat transfer situations.
Thus the several aforementioned objects and. advantages are most effectively attained. Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been, disclosed and described in detail herein, it should be understood that this invention is in no sense limited thereby and its scope is to be determined by that of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A heater including:
a heating pad providing a substrate;
a relatively fixed resistance heating element: and a relatively variable resistance heating element with an inherent increasing resistance in response to increasing temperatures: and wherein said relatively fixed resistance heating element and said relatively variable resistance heating element are supported by said heating pad.
a heating pad providing a substrate;
a relatively fixed resistance heating element: and a relatively variable resistance heating element with an inherent increasing resistance in response to increasing temperatures: and wherein said relatively fixed resistance heating element and said relatively variable resistance heating element are supported by said heating pad.
2. The heater of Claim 1 wherein said heating pad, said relatively fixed resistance heating element and said relatively variable resistance heating element are coplanar with each other.
3. The heater of Claim 2 wherein said relatively fixed resistance heating element is in electrical communication with a first positive terminal and a common ground terminal and said relatively variable resistance heating element is in electrical communication with a second positive terminal and said common ground terminal.
4. The heater of Claim 3 wherein said relatively variable resistance heating element includes a conductor layer and a thermistor layer.
5. The heater of Claim 4 wherein said conductor layer includes parallel rows of conductor elements and said thermistor layer includes parallel rows of thermistor elements, said parallel rows of conductor elements being in electrical contact with and perpendicular to said parallel rows of thermistor elements.
6. The heater of Claim 5 wherein said relatively fixed resistance heating element is screen printed onto a first side of said heating pad.
7. The heater of Claim 6 wherein said relatively variable resistance heating element is formed on a second side of said heating pad.
8. The heater of Claim 4 wherein said relatively fixed resistance heating element is separated from said relatively variable resistance heating element by a dielectric layer and one of said relatively fixed resistance heating element and said relatively variable resistance heating element is joined to said heating pad.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18938298A | 1998-11-09 | 1998-11-09 | |
| US09/189,382 | 1998-11-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2289142A1 true CA2289142A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 |
Family
ID=22697099
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002289142A Abandoned CA2289142A1 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 1999-11-08 | Dual heater with ptc and fixed resistance elements |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1001655A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000150114A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20000035181A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5832199A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9907538A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2289142A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITVE20010005A1 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2002-07-29 | Alper S R L | HEATING DEVICE FOR TOWELS |
| US7306283B2 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2007-12-11 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Heater for an automotive vehicle and method of forming same |
| US7205510B2 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2007-04-17 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ltd. | Heater for an automotive vehicle and method of forming same |
| KR100787608B1 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-12-21 | 박종진 | Method for manufacturing a planar heating element and the heating element thereof |
| KR102378357B1 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2022-03-25 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Foldable display apparatus and the operating method thereof |
| EP3532762A4 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-07-22 | Tech Design LLC | Systems and methods for heating equipment in hazardous environments |
| EP3522681B1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2022-06-08 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic heater |
| CN109673066A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-23 | 天津中亚慧通科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of automobile rearview mirror electric heating film |
| CN112555975B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-09-16 | 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司 | Warmer, control method and storage medium |
-
1999
- 1999-11-03 KR KR1019990048284A patent/KR20000035181A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-05 AU AU58321/99A patent/AU5832199A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-08 CA CA002289142A patent/CA2289142A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-08 JP JP11316576A patent/JP2000150114A/en active Pending
- 1999-11-09 BR BR9907538-5A patent/BR9907538A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-09 EP EP99308933A patent/EP1001655A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000150114A (en) | 2000-05-30 |
| BR9907538A (en) | 2000-08-22 |
| KR20000035181A (en) | 2000-06-26 |
| AU5832199A (en) | 2000-05-25 |
| EP1001655A2 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |