CA2285780A1 - Power generation system - Google Patents
Power generation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2285780A1 CA2285780A1 CA002285780A CA2285780A CA2285780A1 CA 2285780 A1 CA2285780 A1 CA 2285780A1 CA 002285780 A CA002285780 A CA 002285780A CA 2285780 A CA2285780 A CA 2285780A CA 2285780 A1 CA2285780 A1 CA 2285780A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- turbocharger
- gas
- feeding
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 particularly Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
- F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
An improved power generation process and system for generating energy from natural gas comprising feeding natural gas to a gas burning engine; burning the gas in the engine to provide the power and a first exhaust gas; and subsequently treating the first exhaust gas in a turbocharger and a catalytic converter; the improvement comprising feeding the first exhaust gas directly from the engine to the catalytic converter; treating the first exhaust gas in the catalytic converter to produce a second exhaust gas; feeding the second exhaust gas to the turbocharger and releasing the second exhaust gas from the turbocharger. The invention provides for improved hydrocarbon, particularly, methane conversion in the converter to acceptable gaseous products for release to the atmosphere, reduction in the size and enhanced heat exchange.
Description
POWER GENERATION SYSTEM
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method and system for energy recovery from the burning of natural gas by use of a natural gas engine in combination with a turbocharger and catalytic converter.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Traditionally, when a natural gas burning engine is used in combination with a turbocharger and a catalytic converter to convert the unburnt hydrocarbons and the like in the exhaust gases to carbon dioxide and water, the catalytic converter is located after the turbocharger. This arrangement results in the hot exhaust gases from the engine having a temperature generally of about 620°C being cooled to about S00°C during passage through the turbocharger, prior to entry into the catalytic converter.
Unfortunately, this entry temperature of about 500°C of the exhaust gases in the converter is not high enough to effect satisfactory oxidation of the hydrocarbon entities, particularly, methane, to innocuous carbon dioxide and water. This results in unfavourable contamination of the environment. There is. therefore_ a need fnr an improved process and system for the burning of natural gas which system provides reduced hydrocarbon pollutant content in the exhaust gases released to the atmosphere.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved process for the burning of natural gas which results in reduced hydrocarbon pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gases released to the atmosphere.
It is a further object to provide an improved power generation system for use in said process.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method and system for energy recovery from the burning of natural gas by use of a natural gas engine in combination with a turbocharger and catalytic converter.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Traditionally, when a natural gas burning engine is used in combination with a turbocharger and a catalytic converter to convert the unburnt hydrocarbons and the like in the exhaust gases to carbon dioxide and water, the catalytic converter is located after the turbocharger. This arrangement results in the hot exhaust gases from the engine having a temperature generally of about 620°C being cooled to about S00°C during passage through the turbocharger, prior to entry into the catalytic converter.
Unfortunately, this entry temperature of about 500°C of the exhaust gases in the converter is not high enough to effect satisfactory oxidation of the hydrocarbon entities, particularly, methane, to innocuous carbon dioxide and water. This results in unfavourable contamination of the environment. There is. therefore_ a need fnr an improved process and system for the burning of natural gas which system provides reduced hydrocarbon pollutant content in the exhaust gases released to the atmosphere.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved process for the burning of natural gas which results in reduced hydrocarbon pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gases released to the atmosphere.
It is a further object to provide an improved power generation system for use in said process.
Accordingly, in the broadest aspect, the invention provides an improved power generation process for generating energy from natural gas comprising feeding natural gas to a gas burning engine; burning said gas in said engine to provide said power and a first exhaust gas; and subsequently treating said first exhaust gas in a turbocharger and a catalytic converter; the improvement comprising feeding said first exhaust gas directly from said engine to said catalytic converter; treating said first exhaust gas in said catalytic converter to produce a second exhaust gas; feeding said second exhaust gas to said turbocharger and releasing said second exhaust gas from said turbocharger.
The aforesaid process provides for the conversion of unburnt hydrocarbons in the first exhaust gas at a temperature of greater than 600°C, preferably 620°C and higher. The exothermic reaction in the converter provides the second exhaust gas at a temperature of greater than 630°C, generally, 640-650°C for passage to the turbocharger. This, in turn, provides for the release of the second exhaust gas from the turbocharger at a relatively high temperature of greater than 510°C, and which is, preferably, optionally sent to a heat exchanger for enhance heat recovery over the prior art processes.
This process is of particular value wherein the first exhaust gas has an unburnt methane concentration of between 2,500-3,000 mg/normal cubic meter. A 50% W/V
reduction to the less than 1,500 mg/normal cubic meter level is a most significant reduction. However, it will be readily seen that significant reductions in hydrocarbon content of natural gas exhaust is obtained at levels outside of this, generally, prior art range.
In a further aspect, the invention provides an improved power generation system for generating energy from natural gas comprising a natural gas burning engine means for burning said gas to produce energy and a first exhaust gas; means for feeding natural gas to said engine; turbocharger means in communication with said engine;
catalytic converter means in communication with said turbocharger; and means for feeding said first exhaust gas to said turbocharger means and said converter means, the improvement comprising means for feeding said first exhaust gas directly to said converter means to produce a second exhaust gas; and means for feeding said second exhaust gas directly to said turbocharger means.
The aforesaid process provides for the conversion of unburnt hydrocarbons in the first exhaust gas at a temperature of greater than 600°C, preferably 620°C and higher. The exothermic reaction in the converter provides the second exhaust gas at a temperature of greater than 630°C, generally, 640-650°C for passage to the turbocharger. This, in turn, provides for the release of the second exhaust gas from the turbocharger at a relatively high temperature of greater than 510°C, and which is, preferably, optionally sent to a heat exchanger for enhance heat recovery over the prior art processes.
This process is of particular value wherein the first exhaust gas has an unburnt methane concentration of between 2,500-3,000 mg/normal cubic meter. A 50% W/V
reduction to the less than 1,500 mg/normal cubic meter level is a most significant reduction. However, it will be readily seen that significant reductions in hydrocarbon content of natural gas exhaust is obtained at levels outside of this, generally, prior art range.
In a further aspect, the invention provides an improved power generation system for generating energy from natural gas comprising a natural gas burning engine means for burning said gas to produce energy and a first exhaust gas; means for feeding natural gas to said engine; turbocharger means in communication with said engine;
catalytic converter means in communication with said turbocharger; and means for feeding said first exhaust gas to said turbocharger means and said converter means, the improvement comprising means for feeding said first exhaust gas directly to said converter means to produce a second exhaust gas; and means for feeding said second exhaust gas directly to said turbocharger means.
BRIEF DECRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order that the invention may be better understood, a preferred embodiment will now be described by way of example, only wherein Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is a graph showing % maximum conversion of ethane and methane with temperature within a typical prior art catalytic converter; and wherein the same numerals denote like parts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference to Fig. 1, this shows generally, as 10 a prior art natural gas burning power generation system comprising engine 12 linked to turbocharger 14 linked in turn to catalytic converter 16. Natural gas fuel and air is fed to engine 12 through conduits 18 and 20, respectively. Exhaust gas at a temperature of about 620°C and having a methane concentration of about 3,000 mg/normal cubic meter is passed through conduit 22 to turbocharger 14 to effect energy exchange by compression of feed air for use in engine 12. This results in a lowering of the exhaust gas exiting turbocharger through conduit 24 to about 500°C and which is fed to catalytic converter 16. As shown with reference to Fig. 3, an exhaust gas temperature of about 500°C does not provide any significant conversion of the methane desired carbon dioxide and water, in that the concentration of the methane exiting converter 16 remains of the order of 3,000 mg/normal cubic meter.
Fig. 2 shows the system according to the invention wherein catalytic converter 16 is interposed between engine 12 and turbocharger 14. Aforesaid engine exhaust gas at the aforesaid temperature of 620°C enters converter 16 through conduit 26 at a temperature, shown in Fig. 3 to effect oxidation of the methane to provide a converter exit concentration of between 1,000 - 1,500 mg/normal cubic meter and at an increased temperature of about 640-650°C. This enhanced temperature enhances the amount of energy transfer in the turbocharger when second exhaust gas is passed to turobcharger 14 through conduit 28. Thus, in addition to reducing the methane levels released to atmosphere, the invention process utilizes the energy released during the exothermic catalytic oxidation step. Further, the enhanced temperature of the catalytic step provides S for a reduction in the size of the converter and enhanced energy transfer in heat exchanger unit 30 connected downstream of the system by conduit 32.
Although this disclosure has describe and illustrated ~Prtain r~rPfPrrPri embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to those particular embodiments. Rather, the invention includes all embodiments which are functional or mechanical equivalence of the specific embodiments and features that have been described and illustrated.
In order that the invention may be better understood, a preferred embodiment will now be described by way of example, only wherein Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is a graph showing % maximum conversion of ethane and methane with temperature within a typical prior art catalytic converter; and wherein the same numerals denote like parts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference to Fig. 1, this shows generally, as 10 a prior art natural gas burning power generation system comprising engine 12 linked to turbocharger 14 linked in turn to catalytic converter 16. Natural gas fuel and air is fed to engine 12 through conduits 18 and 20, respectively. Exhaust gas at a temperature of about 620°C and having a methane concentration of about 3,000 mg/normal cubic meter is passed through conduit 22 to turbocharger 14 to effect energy exchange by compression of feed air for use in engine 12. This results in a lowering of the exhaust gas exiting turbocharger through conduit 24 to about 500°C and which is fed to catalytic converter 16. As shown with reference to Fig. 3, an exhaust gas temperature of about 500°C does not provide any significant conversion of the methane desired carbon dioxide and water, in that the concentration of the methane exiting converter 16 remains of the order of 3,000 mg/normal cubic meter.
Fig. 2 shows the system according to the invention wherein catalytic converter 16 is interposed between engine 12 and turbocharger 14. Aforesaid engine exhaust gas at the aforesaid temperature of 620°C enters converter 16 through conduit 26 at a temperature, shown in Fig. 3 to effect oxidation of the methane to provide a converter exit concentration of between 1,000 - 1,500 mg/normal cubic meter and at an increased temperature of about 640-650°C. This enhanced temperature enhances the amount of energy transfer in the turbocharger when second exhaust gas is passed to turobcharger 14 through conduit 28. Thus, in addition to reducing the methane levels released to atmosphere, the invention process utilizes the energy released during the exothermic catalytic oxidation step. Further, the enhanced temperature of the catalytic step provides S for a reduction in the size of the converter and enhanced energy transfer in heat exchanger unit 30 connected downstream of the system by conduit 32.
Although this disclosure has describe and illustrated ~Prtain r~rPfPrrPri embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to those particular embodiments. Rather, the invention includes all embodiments which are functional or mechanical equivalence of the specific embodiments and features that have been described and illustrated.
Claims (9)
1. An improved power generation process for generating energy from natural gas comprising feeding natural gas to a gas burning engine;
burning said gas in said engine to provide said power and a first exhaust gas;
and subsequently treating said first exhaust gas in a turbocharger and a catalytic converter;
the improvement comprising feeding said first exhaust gas directly from said engine to said catalytic converter;
treating said first exhaust gas in said catalytic converter to produce a second exhaust gas;
feeding said second exhaust gas to said turbocharger and releasing said second exhaust gas from said turbocharger.
burning said gas in said engine to provide said power and a first exhaust gas;
and subsequently treating said first exhaust gas in a turbocharger and a catalytic converter;
the improvement comprising feeding said first exhaust gas directly from said engine to said catalytic converter;
treating said first exhaust gas in said catalytic converter to produce a second exhaust gas;
feeding said second exhaust gas to said turbocharger and releasing said second exhaust gas from said turbocharger.
2. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said first exhaust gas in said catalytic converter is at a temperature greater than 600°C.
3. A process as defined in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said second exhaust gas fed to said turbocharger is at a temperature greater than 620°C.
4. A process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said second exhaust gas released from said turbocharger is at a temperature of greater than 5 I
O°C.
O°C.
5. A process as defined in any on of claims 1 to 4 wherein said gas released from said turbocharger is fed to a heat exchanger to provide a cooled second exhaust gas.
6. A process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said first exhaust gas has a concentration of methane selected from 2,500-3,000 mg/normal cubic meter and said second exhaust gas has a concentration of methane of less than 1,500 mg/normal cubic meter.
7. A process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6 further comprising feeding said second exhaust gas released from said turbocharger to a heat exchanger.
8. An improved power generation system for generating energy from natural gas comprising a natural gas burning engine means for burning said gas to produce energy and a first exhaust gas;
means for feeding natural gas to said engine;
turbocharger means in communication with said engine;
catalytic converter means in communication with said turbocharger; and means for feeding said first exhaust gas to said turbocharger means and said converter means, the improvement comprising means for feeding said first exhaust gas directly to said converter means to produce a second exhaust gas; and means for feeding said second exhaust gas directly to said turbocharger means.
means for feeding natural gas to said engine;
turbocharger means in communication with said engine;
catalytic converter means in communication with said turbocharger; and means for feeding said first exhaust gas to said turbocharger means and said converter means, the improvement comprising means for feeding said first exhaust gas directly to said converter means to produce a second exhaust gas; and means for feeding said second exhaust gas directly to said turbocharger means.
9. A system as defined in claim 8 further comprising heat exchanger means in communication with said turbocharger means, and means for feeding said second exhaust gas to said heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002285780A CA2285780A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Power generation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002285780A CA2285780A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Power generation system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2285780A1 true CA2285780A1 (en) | 2001-04-08 |
Family
ID=4164351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002285780A Abandoned CA2285780A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Power generation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2285780A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE112009000423T5 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2010-12-30 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Improvements in emissions control |
-
1999
- 1999-10-08 CA CA002285780A patent/CA2285780A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE112009000423T5 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2010-12-30 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Improvements in emissions control |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |