CA2272205A1 - Calender roll - Google Patents
Calender roll Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2272205A1 CA2272205A1 CA002272205A CA2272205A CA2272205A1 CA 2272205 A1 CA2272205 A1 CA 2272205A1 CA 002272205 A CA002272205 A CA 002272205A CA 2272205 A CA2272205 A CA 2272205A CA 2272205 A1 CA2272205 A1 CA 2272205A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- roll
- calender roll
- temperature
- axial
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
- D21G1/0253—Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature
- D21G1/0286—Regulating the axial or circumferential temperature profile of the roll
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
- D21G1/0253—Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature
- D21G1/0266—Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature using a heat-transfer fluid
Abstract
Calender roll and process for operating the same. The calender roll includes a core, an elastic coating which extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system arranged to match the temperature of the axial ends to at least approximately a temperature of an axial center of the roll. The process includes forming a press nip between the calender roll and the mating roll, guiding a web through the press nip and within the operating width of the coating, and rotating the calender roll. In this manner, the internal heat equalization system substantially matches a temperature of the axial ends to a temperature of the axial center of the roll. The process may also include rotating the calender roll, and equalizing a temperature within the calender roll between axial ends of the calender roll and an axial middle of the calender roll.
Description
P17767.S02 CALENDER ROLL AND PROCESS OF OPERATING THE SAME
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. ~ 119 of German Patent Application No. 198 22 531.8, filed on May 19, 1999, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention The present invention concerns a calender roll that includes a core having an elastic coating that extends over an operating width and a process for operating the calender roll.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. ~ 119 of German Patent Application No. 198 22 531.8, filed on May 19, 1999, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention The present invention concerns a calender roll that includes a core having an elastic coating that extends over an operating width and a process for operating the calender roll.
2. Discussion of Background Information A calender roll of the type generally discussed above is usually used as a center roll in a stack of rolls of a calender. It is also referred to as a soft or elastic calender roll, since the coating creates a roll surface which is flexible to a certain degree. These calender rolls usually work along with a "hard" roll to glaze a paper web or another material web. The hard roll is usually heated such that the paper web can be subjected to an elevated pressure and an elevated temperature in the nip or roll gap formed between the soft and hard rolls. The elastic coating serves to smooth the surface of the paper web.
The operating width of the above-noted calender roll generally corresponds to a width of the web of material to be treated. Outside the operating width, the coating can taper conically, which generally extends over an axial length in the range of approximately 20 to 100 mm. This tapering is intended to prevent the coating not covered by a paper web from coming into contact with the opposing roll and being damaged. In the present application, the term "operating width"
refers to the working region of the coating.
It has been found that some rolls are damaged during operation due to coating tears or breaks. This damage occurs even with coatings that have P17767.S02 temperature stability or temperature resistance, which should actually withstand the temperatures during operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a calender roll in which stress on the coating S is reduced.
Thus, according to the present invention, a calender roll of the type generally described above includes an internal heat equalization system which at least approximately matches the temperature of the axial ends to the temperature of the axial center of the roll.
As is known in the art, heating can come about in an elastic roll in various ways. For example, the rolling friction of the coating in the roll nip or gap produces heat, heat is transferred to the elastic roll through the paper web heated by the opposing roll, and heat is added by the flexing of the coating. As a result, heat is delivered primarily in the region of the axial center of the roll, i.e., in the barrel region, such that a higher temperature is reached there, which causes varying radial expansion behavior of the roll over its length. The roll generally has a smaller diameter on its axial ends than toward its axial center.
Accordingly, nonuniform pressing action of the roll over its length results. Those places where the roll then has the greatest diameter experience the greatest stress. The coating can in many cases no longer withstand this stress. It then breaks.
When an internal heat equalization system in accordance with the present invention is provided, temperature equalization may be performed between the barrel region and the axial ends of the roll without the addition of auxiliary energy.
The term "auxiliary energy" may be understood to refer both to energy for heating and for cooling, e.g., heat transfer liquids added from outside the roll or discharged therefrom, electrical current for heating, magnetic fields, or the like.
Instead, only the above-described heat occurring during operation is delivered. The heat equalization takes place internally.
P 17767. S02 It is known, e.g., from DE 44 10 675 A1 (and U.S. Patent No. 5,571,066) to heat the roll journals separately in a heat roll in order to reach operating temperature more quickly. However, for this, it is necessary to deliver auxiliary energy from the outside.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thermal insulation may be positioned axially outside the operating width. With this insulation, heat outflow can be reduced and temperature equalization is thus effected.
Surprisingly, it turns out that the coatings have a longer service life or no longer break or are not damaged as often with the applied thermal insulation. This measure is in and of itself paradoxical since, with the insulation, heat is prevented from being able to flow out and the temperature of the coating thereby increases.
This has for a long time been considered the major reason for the destruction of the coating. Because of the insulation, the heat can no longer escape as well through the end region of the roll. It was previously assumed that, in the end region of the rolls, only a comparatively low addition of heat occurred, e.g., by radiation heat from the opposing roll and by friction of the roll bearing.
Further, increased heat dissipation was previously possible in the end regions of the roll since the greatest free surface was available there. Accordingly, a lower temperature occurred in the end regions than in the barrel region, i.e., in the axial roll center. Now, if care is taken via the insulation so that the heat can no longer escape so simply, a substantially uniform temperature profile over the axial length of the roll results such that a correspondingly uniform roll diameter also results.
The roll diameter can be kept constant over the operating width within predefined limits. Overall, a higher temperature of the roll results since the heat can no longer flow out so readily. However, this higher temperature is less damaging than mechanically overstressing of the coating.
Preferably, the insulation covers both a section on the circumference of the roll and at least part of the end face of the roll. Thus, the outflow of heat can be P 17767.502 prevented not only through the circumference but through the end face. An exception here under certain circumstances is the shaft end, by which the roll is rotatably mounted. However, the shaft end is exposed to rolling friction in the bearing such that heat losses developing here are nevertheless small, and under certain circumstances heat can even be added.
Alternatively or additionally, the roll can have journal heating. With the insulation, it is possible to make heat outflow more difficult, but not to completely prevent it. Accordingly, it is still possible that, under unfavorable conditions, temperature differences of such a magnitude may occur which result in noteworthy differences in diameter over the axial length of the roll. As noted above, this can possibly result in excessive mechanical stress of the coating. However, if the axial end of the roll is heated by j ournal heating, it is possible to keep the axial ends) and the axial center, i.e., the barrel region, of the roll at substantially the same temperature. With appropriate design and efficiency of the journal heating, it may also be possible under certain circumstances to even eliminate the insulation.
Via journal heating, the axial ends of the roll may be brought to the temperature of the barrel region. With the same temperature over the axial length, uniform expansion occurs such that the roll has the desired constant or approximately constant diameter distribution over the entire axial length in operation with heat added.
It may be preferable that the journal heating uses heat from an axially inwardly region of the roll for heating This design has two advantages: No separate addition of heat from the outside is necessary, and the roll end cannot become hotter than the axial center of the roll. Accordingly, connections with couplings, through which a heat transfer medium can be fed from the outside into the interior of the roll, can be omitted. Accordingly, the same temperature can be reached as a maximum. With a higher temperature, a heat transfer from the axial center of the roll to the ends would no longer be possible. Thus, the present invention also results in a self protective and self regulating effect. Thus, a heat P17767.502 transport system that acts in the axial direction, which transports the heat to the "cooler" points to heat them, while it cools the hotter points, is provided in the roll.
There are several possibilities for the design of the journal heating.
In a particular embodiment, the roll may be formed as a tubular roll that surrounds a closed cavity in which a vaporizable liquid is disposed. The vapor pressure of the liquid may be set to the operating or working temperature of the roll, i.e., the liquid vaporizes when it comes into contact with a part of the roll which has a higher temperature. The vapor distributes itself uniformly in the cavity. Thus, it inevitably comes into contact with those places having a lower temperature than the vaporization temperature. It condenses there and heats this place by releasing its condensation heat. During operation, when the roll is rotating, the condensate is again transported radially outwardly via centrifugal force and distributes itself uniformly on the boundary wall of the cavity, where it again vaporizes at warmer points and thus continues the cycle. This effect is known as a "heat pipe" effect. In the present roll, it results primarily in conjunction with the insulation of the end regions in a very uniform temperature distribution. This yields a correspondingly constant diameter of the core.
Preferably, the cavity may be closed on each end with a roll journal, which has a heat exchanging surface on its internal surface. Thus, not only are the axial ends of the core heated with the heat originating in the barrel region of the roll, but so are the roll journals. Thus, a capability is simultaneously provided to discharge some heat from the roll. It can reach the outside via the roll journals and the shaft ends thereon. The outflow of heat here is, to be sure, not very great.
However, under certain circumstances, it prevents overheating of the coatings.
Preferably, the heat exchanging surface may be quantitatively larger than the area of the cross-section of the cavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Thus, it is possible to provide the heat exchanging surface with cooling ribs or grooves such that the vaporizable liquid disposed in the cavity has a greater P17767.S02 precipitation surface. This accelerates the heating of the roll j ournal and thus the roll end, which is advantageous, for example, at the beginning of operation.
Advantageously, the roll may include a heat conducting arrangement. This heat conducting arrangement can also be provided when the temperature equalization takes place between the axial center and the axial ends of the roll via the vaporizable liquid or otherwise. Instead of, or in addition to, the heat transport via a moving medium, heat transport may also occur simply through heat conduction, i.e., through static elements.
Preferably, the heat conducting arrangement may be composed of inserts of material having good thermal conductivity. For example, aluminum or copper may be used for this. The inserts many be designed as rods or plates which extend the length of the core. They can also be incorporated into the core, or, in the case of a hollow roll, can cover the boundary wall of the cavity. With adequate dimensioning, it is possible to achieve adequate heat transport such that the temperature remains virtually constant over the axial length of the roll and the diameter remains virtually constant.
An additional possibility for temperature equalization also results if a pump is fixedly or stationarily located in the roll and is drivable from the outside to circulate a heat transfer liquid. This heat transfer liquid, e.g., water, can be conducted through an appropriate channel arrangement, e.g., through a system of peripheral boreholes or channels beneath the surface of the core. If a pump is stationarily located inside the roll, the pump rotates with the roll, such that no inflow or outflow connections with the outside have to be provided. All that is necessary is to drive the pump from the outside. This may occur, e.g., in that a drive element of the pump engages a stationary opposing surface by friction or by teeth such that the pump automatically operates when the roll rotates. The higher the rotational speed of the roll, the greater the output of the pump. However, this is the desired effect since, in this case, a greater amount of heat must also be P17767.S02 transported from the inside out (viewed axially).
In another embodiment, the insulation can transition into the coating. In this manner, the coating and the insulation can then be applied in one process.
Preferably, the insulation outside the operating width has a greater thickness than the maximum thickness of the coating within the operating width.
This takes into account the fact that within the operating width heat is delivered, i.e., insulation via the coating in and of itself is not necessary, whereas outside the operating width, heat dissipation should be prevented to greater extent.
It may also be advantageous if the heat conductivity of the insulation is less by at least a factor of 5 than that of the coating. Effective insulation is thus achieved. The material of the coating conducts heat, for example, at 0.5 W/m-K, whereas the insulation has a value of only 0.03 W/m-K.
The present invention is directed to a calender roll that includes a core, an elastic coating which extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system arranged to match the temperature of the axial ends to at least approximately a temperature of an axial center of the roll.
In accordance with the features of the present invention, thermal insulation is located axially outside of the operating width. Further, end faces are positionable at axial ends of the core, and the insulation is arranged to cover a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces.
According to another feature of the present invention, the roll may include journal heating. Further, the journal heating may use heat from an axially inward region of the roll for the heating.
According to still another feature of the present invention, the core may include a tubular roll that surrounds a closed cavity. A vaporizable liquid may be located within the closed cavity. Roll journals may be provided that include a heat exchanger surface, and each axial end of the closed cavity may be closed by the roll j ournals. Further, the heat exchanger may have a surface area quantitatively P17767.S02 larger than a cross-sectional area of the cavity in a plane perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the roll.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, a heat conducting arrangement may be included. Further, the heat conducting arrangement may include inserts composed of a material having good thermal conductivity.
In accordance with a further feature of the present invention, a pump may be fixedly positioned on the roll and drivable from outside of the roll. The pump may be adapted to circulate a heat transfer liquid.
According to a still further feature of the present invention, the insulation is arranged to transition into the coating.
According to further features of the present invention, a thickness of the insulation outside of the operating width is greater than a maximum thickness of the coating within the operating width.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, a heat conductivity of the insulation may be less than a heat conductivity of the coating by a factor of least about 5.
In accordance with still another feature of the present invention, the core may include a plurality of axial bores extending through the core. A heat transfer medium may be circulated through the bores. Further, pumps may be positioned adj acent to the plurality of axial bores. Still further, the roll may include at least two toothed gears, in which one of the toothed gears is coupled to the pumps and another of the toothed gears is coupled to a bearing arrangement.
According to another feature of the present invention, roll journals including a heat exchanger surface that includes cooling ribs extending into an interior of the core may be provided, and axial ends of the core may be closed by the roll journals.
The present invention is also directed to a process for operating the calender _g_ P17767.S02 roll in an apparatus that further includes a mating roll positionable against the calender roll. The process includes forming a press nip between the calender roll and the mating roll, guiding a web through the press nip and within the operating width of the coating, and rotating the calender roll. In this manner, the internal heat equalization system substantially matches a temperature of the axial ends to a temperature of the axial center of the roll.
According to another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll.
According to still another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature within the calender roll is uniformly distributed over the axial length of the calender roll.
In accordance with yet another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll by less than approximately 20°C.
The present invention is directed to a process for operating an apparatus that includes a core, an elastic coating that extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system. The process includes rotating the calender roll and equalizing a temperature within the calender roll between axial ends of the calender roll and an axial middle of the calender roll.
In accordance with a feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include thermal insulation that covers a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces, the process may further include preventing heat loss through the axial ends of the calender roll. In this manner, the temperature in the axial ends may increase to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
According to another feature of the present invention, the process may P17767.S02 further include heating the axial ends to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
According to a further feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include axial bores within the core, and the process may further include pumping a heat transfer medium through the bores.
In accordance with yet another feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a heat exchanger surface positioned on the axial ends of the calender roll, and a vaporizable liquid located within an interior of the calender roll, and the process may further include pressurizing the calender roll so that the vaporizable liquid vaporizes at a predetermined temperature and condenses at below the predetermined temperature.
Other exemplary embodiments and advantages of the present invention may be ascertained by reviewing the present disclosure and the accompanying drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is further described in the detailed description which follows, in reference to the noted plurality of drawings by way of non-limiting examples of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, in which like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates an axial end section of a first embodiment of a calender roll of the present invention; and Figure 2 illustrates an end section of a second embodiment of a calender roll of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The particulars shown herein are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the embodiments of the present invention only and are presented in the cause of providing what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the P17767.502 present invention. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details of the present invention in more detail than is necessary for the fundamental understanding of the present invention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the present invention may be embodied in practice.
As illustrated in Figure 1, calender roll 1 is formed as a tubular roll that includes a core 2 with a coating 3. An exterior surface of coating 3 forms a working region or width 4. On the ends of working region 4, an end zone 5 is provided in which coating 3 tapers conically. Working region 4 can be adapted to a width of a material web to be glazed in a nip or roll gap between calender roll 1 and an opposing roll (not shown). The opposing roll may be formed, e.g., as a hard, heated roll.
Axially outside coating 3, core 2 is covered by thermal insulation 6.
Thermal insulation 6 is provided to surround a polished shoulder 7 of core 2, i.e., circumferentially around an end portion of calender roll 1, and to extend over a portion of end face 8 of calender roll 1. Thermal insulation 6, in the region of end face 8, can have a greater thickness than thermal insulation 6 at polished shoulder 7. Overall, thermal insulation 6 has a greater thickness than the thickness of coating 3 in working region 4.
A region of end face 8 in which a shaft end 9 protrudes from end face 8 is not covered with thermal insulation 6. Calender roll 1 is rotatably mounted via shaft end 9 in a schematically depicted bearing 10.
Shaft end 9 is part of a roll journal 11, which has a section 12 that extends into core 2 and which has a section 13 that abuts the end face of core 2. Roll journal 11 may be coupled to core 2, e.g., with bolts 14 through section 13.
Calender roll 1 is depicted only partially in its upper half in cross-section.
In the lower half, the outer view is depicted, whereby only insulation 6 is depicted in cross-section.
P 17767.502 Core 2 and roll journal 11 bound a cavity 15, in which a liquid 16 is contained to be pressed against the boundary wall of cavity 15 due to centrifugal force upon rotation of calender roll 1. Within cavity 15, a pressure prevails, which is adapted to a working temperature of calender roll 1 and liquid 16 such that liquid 16 vaporizes at the working temperature. In this manner, the vapor is distributed uniformly in cavity 15 and precipitates on parts of calender roll which have a temperature below the vaporization temperature. These parts are primarily the sections 12 of roll journal 11 at each end of the core 2. To provide an even greater heat transfer surface, cooling ribs 17 which extend or protrude into cavity 15 may be provided. In this manner, the heat exchanging surface is increased such that the heat exchanging surface of section 12 is greater than a cross-sectional area of cavity 15 in a plane perpendicular to an axis of rotation 18.
In accordance with the features of the present invention, insulation 6 prevents a greater heat flow from leaving calender roll 1 in the region of its axial ends. It is noted here that the other end of calender roll 1 is similarly designed to the end depicted in the exemplary illustration. Thus, the temperature becomes quite uniform over the axial length of calender roll 1. Without insulation 6, temperature differences of, e.g., more than approximately 20 ° C can arise between the region in which coating 3 with operating region 4 is located and the axial ends of calender roll 1. With insulation 6, the temperature difference can be reduced by more than half.
A still more uniform temperature distribution can result by utilizing vaporizable liquid 16 to transport heat out of the barrel region of calender roll 1, i.e., out of operating region 4, and transport the heat to the axial ends of calender roll 1. Roll journals 11 may be heated in this manner. Under certain circumstances, it may even be possible to do without insulation 6 here. As is known, liquid 16 vaporizes at points having a temperature greater than the vaporization temperature of liquid 16. In this manner, the liquid removes heat P 17767. S02 from these hotter points and cools them. The vapor, which is uniformly distributed in cavity 15, then arrives at cooler parts, e.g., cooling ribs 17 of roll j ournal 11 and condenses, which releases heat, thereby heating roll j ournal 11.
However, it is noted that roll journal 11 cannot become hotter than the hottest point in the barrel region of calender roll 1.
With this measure of heating journal 11 and possibly even insulation 6, the temperature over the axial length of calender roll 1 can be equalized such that noteworthy diameter changes, due to temperature changes, no longer occur.
Thus, the pressure acting on coating 3 can be equalized and the mechanical load drops below tolerable values.
Figure 2 depicts an alternative embodiment to that depicted in Figure l, however, identical parts are provided with the same reference characters.
Further, it is noted that the measures discussed in relation to the exemplary figures for journal heating, i.e., for transporting heat out of the barrel region of calender roll 1 and to roll journals 11, maybe combined, however, it is not necessary to use all measures depicted in a single exemplary figure together. For example, cooling ribs 17 may be omitted from the exemplary embodiment depicted in Figure 1 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 2, insulation 6 remains substantially the same, however, it may be applied somewhat thinner in the region of polished shoulder 7. Of course, the thickness of insulation 6 is governed by the specific material used.
Additional measures have been taken for the j ournal heating. For example, an arrangement of inserts 19 made of, e.g., aluminum, copper, or another good heat conducting material may be provided. Inserts 19 may be heat conductingly connected with core 2 and with roll journal 11. Inserts 19 may also be connected to each other. Via inserts 19, heat may flow out of the barrel region of calender roll 1 into the axial ends of calender roll 1.
P17767.502 Another journal heating possibility can be provided by virtue of core 2 including a large number of axis-parallel boreholes 20 distributed in the circumferential direction. Boreholes 20 may be connected with pumps 21 (only one of which is schematically depicted). Pumps 21 may have a drive gear 22, which engages with a stationary annular gear 23 that is mounted on a lever 24 coupled to bearing 10. Annular gear 23 may surround the entire shaft end 9, however, for the sake of clarity, only the upper half has been depicted in Figure 2. Pump 21 may circulate a heat transfer liquid which flows in the axial direction through the boreholes 20, as indicated by arrows 25 and 26. Arrow 26 is shown in a bore depicted in dashed lines, which is intended to express that this bore is disposed behind borehole 20. In this manner, the heat transfer liquid can be pumped out and back using pump 21. Moreover, this can result in uniform heat distribution over the axial length of calender roll 1.
It is noted that the foregoing examples have been provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present invention. While the present invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, it is understood that the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation.
Changes may be made, within the purview of the appended claims, as presently stated and as amended, without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention in its aspects. Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein;
rather, the present invention extends to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims.
The operating width of the above-noted calender roll generally corresponds to a width of the web of material to be treated. Outside the operating width, the coating can taper conically, which generally extends over an axial length in the range of approximately 20 to 100 mm. This tapering is intended to prevent the coating not covered by a paper web from coming into contact with the opposing roll and being damaged. In the present application, the term "operating width"
refers to the working region of the coating.
It has been found that some rolls are damaged during operation due to coating tears or breaks. This damage occurs even with coatings that have P17767.S02 temperature stability or temperature resistance, which should actually withstand the temperatures during operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a calender roll in which stress on the coating S is reduced.
Thus, according to the present invention, a calender roll of the type generally described above includes an internal heat equalization system which at least approximately matches the temperature of the axial ends to the temperature of the axial center of the roll.
As is known in the art, heating can come about in an elastic roll in various ways. For example, the rolling friction of the coating in the roll nip or gap produces heat, heat is transferred to the elastic roll through the paper web heated by the opposing roll, and heat is added by the flexing of the coating. As a result, heat is delivered primarily in the region of the axial center of the roll, i.e., in the barrel region, such that a higher temperature is reached there, which causes varying radial expansion behavior of the roll over its length. The roll generally has a smaller diameter on its axial ends than toward its axial center.
Accordingly, nonuniform pressing action of the roll over its length results. Those places where the roll then has the greatest diameter experience the greatest stress. The coating can in many cases no longer withstand this stress. It then breaks.
When an internal heat equalization system in accordance with the present invention is provided, temperature equalization may be performed between the barrel region and the axial ends of the roll without the addition of auxiliary energy.
The term "auxiliary energy" may be understood to refer both to energy for heating and for cooling, e.g., heat transfer liquids added from outside the roll or discharged therefrom, electrical current for heating, magnetic fields, or the like.
Instead, only the above-described heat occurring during operation is delivered. The heat equalization takes place internally.
P 17767. S02 It is known, e.g., from DE 44 10 675 A1 (and U.S. Patent No. 5,571,066) to heat the roll journals separately in a heat roll in order to reach operating temperature more quickly. However, for this, it is necessary to deliver auxiliary energy from the outside.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thermal insulation may be positioned axially outside the operating width. With this insulation, heat outflow can be reduced and temperature equalization is thus effected.
Surprisingly, it turns out that the coatings have a longer service life or no longer break or are not damaged as often with the applied thermal insulation. This measure is in and of itself paradoxical since, with the insulation, heat is prevented from being able to flow out and the temperature of the coating thereby increases.
This has for a long time been considered the major reason for the destruction of the coating. Because of the insulation, the heat can no longer escape as well through the end region of the roll. It was previously assumed that, in the end region of the rolls, only a comparatively low addition of heat occurred, e.g., by radiation heat from the opposing roll and by friction of the roll bearing.
Further, increased heat dissipation was previously possible in the end regions of the roll since the greatest free surface was available there. Accordingly, a lower temperature occurred in the end regions than in the barrel region, i.e., in the axial roll center. Now, if care is taken via the insulation so that the heat can no longer escape so simply, a substantially uniform temperature profile over the axial length of the roll results such that a correspondingly uniform roll diameter also results.
The roll diameter can be kept constant over the operating width within predefined limits. Overall, a higher temperature of the roll results since the heat can no longer flow out so readily. However, this higher temperature is less damaging than mechanically overstressing of the coating.
Preferably, the insulation covers both a section on the circumference of the roll and at least part of the end face of the roll. Thus, the outflow of heat can be P 17767.502 prevented not only through the circumference but through the end face. An exception here under certain circumstances is the shaft end, by which the roll is rotatably mounted. However, the shaft end is exposed to rolling friction in the bearing such that heat losses developing here are nevertheless small, and under certain circumstances heat can even be added.
Alternatively or additionally, the roll can have journal heating. With the insulation, it is possible to make heat outflow more difficult, but not to completely prevent it. Accordingly, it is still possible that, under unfavorable conditions, temperature differences of such a magnitude may occur which result in noteworthy differences in diameter over the axial length of the roll. As noted above, this can possibly result in excessive mechanical stress of the coating. However, if the axial end of the roll is heated by j ournal heating, it is possible to keep the axial ends) and the axial center, i.e., the barrel region, of the roll at substantially the same temperature. With appropriate design and efficiency of the journal heating, it may also be possible under certain circumstances to even eliminate the insulation.
Via journal heating, the axial ends of the roll may be brought to the temperature of the barrel region. With the same temperature over the axial length, uniform expansion occurs such that the roll has the desired constant or approximately constant diameter distribution over the entire axial length in operation with heat added.
It may be preferable that the journal heating uses heat from an axially inwardly region of the roll for heating This design has two advantages: No separate addition of heat from the outside is necessary, and the roll end cannot become hotter than the axial center of the roll. Accordingly, connections with couplings, through which a heat transfer medium can be fed from the outside into the interior of the roll, can be omitted. Accordingly, the same temperature can be reached as a maximum. With a higher temperature, a heat transfer from the axial center of the roll to the ends would no longer be possible. Thus, the present invention also results in a self protective and self regulating effect. Thus, a heat P17767.502 transport system that acts in the axial direction, which transports the heat to the "cooler" points to heat them, while it cools the hotter points, is provided in the roll.
There are several possibilities for the design of the journal heating.
In a particular embodiment, the roll may be formed as a tubular roll that surrounds a closed cavity in which a vaporizable liquid is disposed. The vapor pressure of the liquid may be set to the operating or working temperature of the roll, i.e., the liquid vaporizes when it comes into contact with a part of the roll which has a higher temperature. The vapor distributes itself uniformly in the cavity. Thus, it inevitably comes into contact with those places having a lower temperature than the vaporization temperature. It condenses there and heats this place by releasing its condensation heat. During operation, when the roll is rotating, the condensate is again transported radially outwardly via centrifugal force and distributes itself uniformly on the boundary wall of the cavity, where it again vaporizes at warmer points and thus continues the cycle. This effect is known as a "heat pipe" effect. In the present roll, it results primarily in conjunction with the insulation of the end regions in a very uniform temperature distribution. This yields a correspondingly constant diameter of the core.
Preferably, the cavity may be closed on each end with a roll journal, which has a heat exchanging surface on its internal surface. Thus, not only are the axial ends of the core heated with the heat originating in the barrel region of the roll, but so are the roll journals. Thus, a capability is simultaneously provided to discharge some heat from the roll. It can reach the outside via the roll journals and the shaft ends thereon. The outflow of heat here is, to be sure, not very great.
However, under certain circumstances, it prevents overheating of the coatings.
Preferably, the heat exchanging surface may be quantitatively larger than the area of the cross-section of the cavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Thus, it is possible to provide the heat exchanging surface with cooling ribs or grooves such that the vaporizable liquid disposed in the cavity has a greater P17767.S02 precipitation surface. This accelerates the heating of the roll j ournal and thus the roll end, which is advantageous, for example, at the beginning of operation.
Advantageously, the roll may include a heat conducting arrangement. This heat conducting arrangement can also be provided when the temperature equalization takes place between the axial center and the axial ends of the roll via the vaporizable liquid or otherwise. Instead of, or in addition to, the heat transport via a moving medium, heat transport may also occur simply through heat conduction, i.e., through static elements.
Preferably, the heat conducting arrangement may be composed of inserts of material having good thermal conductivity. For example, aluminum or copper may be used for this. The inserts many be designed as rods or plates which extend the length of the core. They can also be incorporated into the core, or, in the case of a hollow roll, can cover the boundary wall of the cavity. With adequate dimensioning, it is possible to achieve adequate heat transport such that the temperature remains virtually constant over the axial length of the roll and the diameter remains virtually constant.
An additional possibility for temperature equalization also results if a pump is fixedly or stationarily located in the roll and is drivable from the outside to circulate a heat transfer liquid. This heat transfer liquid, e.g., water, can be conducted through an appropriate channel arrangement, e.g., through a system of peripheral boreholes or channels beneath the surface of the core. If a pump is stationarily located inside the roll, the pump rotates with the roll, such that no inflow or outflow connections with the outside have to be provided. All that is necessary is to drive the pump from the outside. This may occur, e.g., in that a drive element of the pump engages a stationary opposing surface by friction or by teeth such that the pump automatically operates when the roll rotates. The higher the rotational speed of the roll, the greater the output of the pump. However, this is the desired effect since, in this case, a greater amount of heat must also be P17767.S02 transported from the inside out (viewed axially).
In another embodiment, the insulation can transition into the coating. In this manner, the coating and the insulation can then be applied in one process.
Preferably, the insulation outside the operating width has a greater thickness than the maximum thickness of the coating within the operating width.
This takes into account the fact that within the operating width heat is delivered, i.e., insulation via the coating in and of itself is not necessary, whereas outside the operating width, heat dissipation should be prevented to greater extent.
It may also be advantageous if the heat conductivity of the insulation is less by at least a factor of 5 than that of the coating. Effective insulation is thus achieved. The material of the coating conducts heat, for example, at 0.5 W/m-K, whereas the insulation has a value of only 0.03 W/m-K.
The present invention is directed to a calender roll that includes a core, an elastic coating which extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system arranged to match the temperature of the axial ends to at least approximately a temperature of an axial center of the roll.
In accordance with the features of the present invention, thermal insulation is located axially outside of the operating width. Further, end faces are positionable at axial ends of the core, and the insulation is arranged to cover a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces.
According to another feature of the present invention, the roll may include journal heating. Further, the journal heating may use heat from an axially inward region of the roll for the heating.
According to still another feature of the present invention, the core may include a tubular roll that surrounds a closed cavity. A vaporizable liquid may be located within the closed cavity. Roll journals may be provided that include a heat exchanger surface, and each axial end of the closed cavity may be closed by the roll j ournals. Further, the heat exchanger may have a surface area quantitatively P17767.S02 larger than a cross-sectional area of the cavity in a plane perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the roll.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, a heat conducting arrangement may be included. Further, the heat conducting arrangement may include inserts composed of a material having good thermal conductivity.
In accordance with a further feature of the present invention, a pump may be fixedly positioned on the roll and drivable from outside of the roll. The pump may be adapted to circulate a heat transfer liquid.
According to a still further feature of the present invention, the insulation is arranged to transition into the coating.
According to further features of the present invention, a thickness of the insulation outside of the operating width is greater than a maximum thickness of the coating within the operating width.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, a heat conductivity of the insulation may be less than a heat conductivity of the coating by a factor of least about 5.
In accordance with still another feature of the present invention, the core may include a plurality of axial bores extending through the core. A heat transfer medium may be circulated through the bores. Further, pumps may be positioned adj acent to the plurality of axial bores. Still further, the roll may include at least two toothed gears, in which one of the toothed gears is coupled to the pumps and another of the toothed gears is coupled to a bearing arrangement.
According to another feature of the present invention, roll journals including a heat exchanger surface that includes cooling ribs extending into an interior of the core may be provided, and axial ends of the core may be closed by the roll journals.
The present invention is also directed to a process for operating the calender _g_ P17767.S02 roll in an apparatus that further includes a mating roll positionable against the calender roll. The process includes forming a press nip between the calender roll and the mating roll, guiding a web through the press nip and within the operating width of the coating, and rotating the calender roll. In this manner, the internal heat equalization system substantially matches a temperature of the axial ends to a temperature of the axial center of the roll.
According to another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll.
According to still another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature within the calender roll is uniformly distributed over the axial length of the calender roll.
In accordance with yet another feature of the present invention, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll by less than approximately 20°C.
The present invention is directed to a process for operating an apparatus that includes a core, an elastic coating that extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system. The process includes rotating the calender roll and equalizing a temperature within the calender roll between axial ends of the calender roll and an axial middle of the calender roll.
In accordance with a feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include thermal insulation that covers a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces, the process may further include preventing heat loss through the axial ends of the calender roll. In this manner, the temperature in the axial ends may increase to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
According to another feature of the present invention, the process may P17767.S02 further include heating the axial ends to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
According to a further feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include axial bores within the core, and the process may further include pumping a heat transfer medium through the bores.
In accordance with yet another feature of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a heat exchanger surface positioned on the axial ends of the calender roll, and a vaporizable liquid located within an interior of the calender roll, and the process may further include pressurizing the calender roll so that the vaporizable liquid vaporizes at a predetermined temperature and condenses at below the predetermined temperature.
Other exemplary embodiments and advantages of the present invention may be ascertained by reviewing the present disclosure and the accompanying drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is further described in the detailed description which follows, in reference to the noted plurality of drawings by way of non-limiting examples of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, in which like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates an axial end section of a first embodiment of a calender roll of the present invention; and Figure 2 illustrates an end section of a second embodiment of a calender roll of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The particulars shown herein are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the embodiments of the present invention only and are presented in the cause of providing what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the P17767.502 present invention. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details of the present invention in more detail than is necessary for the fundamental understanding of the present invention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the present invention may be embodied in practice.
As illustrated in Figure 1, calender roll 1 is formed as a tubular roll that includes a core 2 with a coating 3. An exterior surface of coating 3 forms a working region or width 4. On the ends of working region 4, an end zone 5 is provided in which coating 3 tapers conically. Working region 4 can be adapted to a width of a material web to be glazed in a nip or roll gap between calender roll 1 and an opposing roll (not shown). The opposing roll may be formed, e.g., as a hard, heated roll.
Axially outside coating 3, core 2 is covered by thermal insulation 6.
Thermal insulation 6 is provided to surround a polished shoulder 7 of core 2, i.e., circumferentially around an end portion of calender roll 1, and to extend over a portion of end face 8 of calender roll 1. Thermal insulation 6, in the region of end face 8, can have a greater thickness than thermal insulation 6 at polished shoulder 7. Overall, thermal insulation 6 has a greater thickness than the thickness of coating 3 in working region 4.
A region of end face 8 in which a shaft end 9 protrudes from end face 8 is not covered with thermal insulation 6. Calender roll 1 is rotatably mounted via shaft end 9 in a schematically depicted bearing 10.
Shaft end 9 is part of a roll journal 11, which has a section 12 that extends into core 2 and which has a section 13 that abuts the end face of core 2. Roll journal 11 may be coupled to core 2, e.g., with bolts 14 through section 13.
Calender roll 1 is depicted only partially in its upper half in cross-section.
In the lower half, the outer view is depicted, whereby only insulation 6 is depicted in cross-section.
P 17767.502 Core 2 and roll journal 11 bound a cavity 15, in which a liquid 16 is contained to be pressed against the boundary wall of cavity 15 due to centrifugal force upon rotation of calender roll 1. Within cavity 15, a pressure prevails, which is adapted to a working temperature of calender roll 1 and liquid 16 such that liquid 16 vaporizes at the working temperature. In this manner, the vapor is distributed uniformly in cavity 15 and precipitates on parts of calender roll which have a temperature below the vaporization temperature. These parts are primarily the sections 12 of roll journal 11 at each end of the core 2. To provide an even greater heat transfer surface, cooling ribs 17 which extend or protrude into cavity 15 may be provided. In this manner, the heat exchanging surface is increased such that the heat exchanging surface of section 12 is greater than a cross-sectional area of cavity 15 in a plane perpendicular to an axis of rotation 18.
In accordance with the features of the present invention, insulation 6 prevents a greater heat flow from leaving calender roll 1 in the region of its axial ends. It is noted here that the other end of calender roll 1 is similarly designed to the end depicted in the exemplary illustration. Thus, the temperature becomes quite uniform over the axial length of calender roll 1. Without insulation 6, temperature differences of, e.g., more than approximately 20 ° C can arise between the region in which coating 3 with operating region 4 is located and the axial ends of calender roll 1. With insulation 6, the temperature difference can be reduced by more than half.
A still more uniform temperature distribution can result by utilizing vaporizable liquid 16 to transport heat out of the barrel region of calender roll 1, i.e., out of operating region 4, and transport the heat to the axial ends of calender roll 1. Roll journals 11 may be heated in this manner. Under certain circumstances, it may even be possible to do without insulation 6 here. As is known, liquid 16 vaporizes at points having a temperature greater than the vaporization temperature of liquid 16. In this manner, the liquid removes heat P 17767. S02 from these hotter points and cools them. The vapor, which is uniformly distributed in cavity 15, then arrives at cooler parts, e.g., cooling ribs 17 of roll j ournal 11 and condenses, which releases heat, thereby heating roll j ournal 11.
However, it is noted that roll journal 11 cannot become hotter than the hottest point in the barrel region of calender roll 1.
With this measure of heating journal 11 and possibly even insulation 6, the temperature over the axial length of calender roll 1 can be equalized such that noteworthy diameter changes, due to temperature changes, no longer occur.
Thus, the pressure acting on coating 3 can be equalized and the mechanical load drops below tolerable values.
Figure 2 depicts an alternative embodiment to that depicted in Figure l, however, identical parts are provided with the same reference characters.
Further, it is noted that the measures discussed in relation to the exemplary figures for journal heating, i.e., for transporting heat out of the barrel region of calender roll 1 and to roll journals 11, maybe combined, however, it is not necessary to use all measures depicted in a single exemplary figure together. For example, cooling ribs 17 may be omitted from the exemplary embodiment depicted in Figure 1 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 2, insulation 6 remains substantially the same, however, it may be applied somewhat thinner in the region of polished shoulder 7. Of course, the thickness of insulation 6 is governed by the specific material used.
Additional measures have been taken for the j ournal heating. For example, an arrangement of inserts 19 made of, e.g., aluminum, copper, or another good heat conducting material may be provided. Inserts 19 may be heat conductingly connected with core 2 and with roll journal 11. Inserts 19 may also be connected to each other. Via inserts 19, heat may flow out of the barrel region of calender roll 1 into the axial ends of calender roll 1.
P17767.502 Another journal heating possibility can be provided by virtue of core 2 including a large number of axis-parallel boreholes 20 distributed in the circumferential direction. Boreholes 20 may be connected with pumps 21 (only one of which is schematically depicted). Pumps 21 may have a drive gear 22, which engages with a stationary annular gear 23 that is mounted on a lever 24 coupled to bearing 10. Annular gear 23 may surround the entire shaft end 9, however, for the sake of clarity, only the upper half has been depicted in Figure 2. Pump 21 may circulate a heat transfer liquid which flows in the axial direction through the boreholes 20, as indicated by arrows 25 and 26. Arrow 26 is shown in a bore depicted in dashed lines, which is intended to express that this bore is disposed behind borehole 20. In this manner, the heat transfer liquid can be pumped out and back using pump 21. Moreover, this can result in uniform heat distribution over the axial length of calender roll 1.
It is noted that the foregoing examples have been provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present invention. While the present invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, it is understood that the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation.
Changes may be made, within the purview of the appended claims, as presently stated and as amended, without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention in its aspects. Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein;
rather, the present invention extends to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (28)
1. A calender roll comprising:
a core;
an elastic coating which extends over an operating width of the core; and an internal heat equalization system arranged to match the temperature of the axial ends to at least approximately a temperature of an axial center of the roll.
a core;
an elastic coating which extends over an operating width of the core; and an internal heat equalization system arranged to match the temperature of the axial ends to at least approximately a temperature of an axial center of the roll.
2. The calender roll according to claim 1, further comprising thermal insulation located axially outside of the operating width.
3. The calender roll according to claim 2, further comprising end faces positionable at axial ends of the core;
the insulation arranged to cover a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces.
the insulation arranged to cover a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces.
4. The calender roll according to claim 1, wherein the roll includes journal heating.
5. The calender roll according to claim 4, wherein the journal heating uses heat from an axially inward region of the roll for the heating.
6. The calender roll according to claim 1, wherein the core comprises a tubular roll that surrounds a closed cavity, and wherein a vaporizable liquid is located within the closed cavity.
7. The calender roll according to claim 6, further comprising roll journals comprising a heat exchanger surface; and each axial end of the closed cavity being closed by the roll journals.
8. The calender roll according to claim 7, wherein the heat exchanger has a surface area quantitatively larger than a cross-sectional area of the cavity in a plane perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the roll.
9. The calender roll according to claim 1, further comprising a heat conducting arrangement.
10. The calender roll according to claim 9, the heat conducting arrangement comprising inserts composed of a material having good thermal conductivity.
11. The calender roll according to claim 1, further comprising a pump fixedly positioned on the roll and drivable from outside of the roll, wherein the pump is adapted to circulate a heat transfer liquid.
12. The calender roll according to claim 1, wherein the insulation is arranged to transition into the coating.
13. The calender roll according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the insulation outside of the operating width is greater than a maximum thickness of the coating within the operating width.
14. The calender roll according to claim 1, wherein a heat conductivity of the insulation is less than a heat conductivity of the coating by a factor of least 5.
15. The calender roll according to claim 1, the core comprising a plurality of axial bores extending through the core.
16. The calender roll according to claim 15, wherein a heat transfer medium is circulated through the bores.
17. The calender roll according to claim 15, further comprising pumps positioned adjacent to the plurality of axial bores.
18. The calender roll according to claim 17, further comprising at least two toothed gears, in which one of the toothed gears is coupled to the pumps and another of the toothed gears is coupled to a bearing arrangement.
19. The calender roll according to claim 1, further comprising roll journals comprising a heat exchanger surface that includes cooling ribs extending into an interior of the core; and axial ends of the core being closed by the roll journals.
20. A process for operating the calender roll according to claim 1 in an apparatus that further includes a mating roll positionable against the calender roll, the process comprising:
forming a press nip between the calender roll and the mating roll;
guiding a web through the press nip and within the operating width of the coating; and rotating the calender roll, whereby the internal heat equalization system substantially matches a temperature of the axial ends to a temperature of the axial center of the roll.
forming a press nip between the calender roll and the mating roll;
guiding a web through the press nip and within the operating width of the coating; and rotating the calender roll, whereby the internal heat equalization system substantially matches a temperature of the axial ends to a temperature of the axial center of the roll.
21. The process according to claim 20, wherein, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and wherein a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll.
22. The process according to claim 20, wherein, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and wherein a temperature within the calender roll is uniformly distributed over the axial length of the calender roll.
23. The process according to claim 20, wherein, during operation, a temperature increase occurs within the calender roll, and wherein a temperature at the axial ends of the roll is less than a temperature in the axial middle of the roll by less than approximately 20°C.
24. A process for operating an apparatus that includes a core, an elastic coating that extends over an operating width of the core, and an internal heat equalization system, the process comprising:
rotating the calender roll; and equalizing a temperature within the calender roll between axial ends of the calender roll and an axial middle of the calender roll.
rotating the calender roll; and equalizing a temperature within the calender roll between axial ends of the calender roll and an axial middle of the calender roll.
25. The process according to claim 24, wherein the apparatus further includes thermal insulation that covers a circumferential section of the core and at least part of the end faces, the process further comprises:
preventing heat loss through the axial ends of the calender roll, whereby the temperature in the axial ends increases to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
preventing heat loss through the axial ends of the calender roll, whereby the temperature in the axial ends increases to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
26. The process according to claim 24, further comprising:
heating the axial ends to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
heating the axial ends to substantially match the temperature in the axial middle.
27. The process according to claim 24, wherein the apparatus further includes axial bores within the core, the process further comprises:
pumping a heat transfer medium through the bores.
pumping a heat transfer medium through the bores.
28. The process according to claim 24, wherein the apparatus further includes a heat exchanger surface positioned on the axial ends of the calender roll, and a vaporizable liquid located within an interior of the calender roll, the process further comprises:
pressurizing the calender roll so that the vaporizable liquid vaporizes at a predetermined temperature and condenses at below the predetermined temperature.
pressurizing the calender roll so that the vaporizable liquid vaporizes at a predetermined temperature and condenses at below the predetermined temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19822531A DE19822531B4 (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1998-05-19 | calender roll |
| DE19822531.8 | 1998-05-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2272205A1 true CA2272205A1 (en) | 1999-11-19 |
Family
ID=7868334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002272205A Abandoned CA2272205A1 (en) | 1998-05-19 | 1999-05-19 | Calender roll |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0959257B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE275701T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2272205A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19822531B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009103846A1 (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Roll of a fiber web machine and method of manufacturing a fiber web machine roll |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004023565A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-12-08 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | press roll |
| DE202005001553U1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2005-05-04 | Derichs, Eberhard | roller |
| EP2492526B1 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2017-10-18 | Dirk Richter | Roller and roller coating method |
| CN107291117B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2022-11-11 | 深圳市新伟创实业有限公司 | Method and device for controlling temperature of calendering roll |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4252184A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-02-24 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Control of oil distribution in heated embossing rolls |
| DE8414320U1 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-09-19 | Pagendarm, Erich, 2000 Hamburg | Cooling or heating roller |
| DE3820933A1 (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1989-12-28 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Heatable smoothing or calender roll |
| DE3838852C1 (en) * | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-23 | J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim, De | |
| DE9000980U1 (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1990-05-10 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh, 7080 Aalen, De | |
| DE4128655C2 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1995-06-14 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Method and device for influencing the diameter profile in the end region of heated rolls |
| DE4202917C1 (en) * | 1992-02-01 | 1993-08-12 | Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld, De | |
| DE4213688A1 (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 1992-11-05 | Voith Gmbh J M | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING A ROTATING ROLLER BY COOLANT EVAPORATION |
| DE4317873C2 (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-04-21 | Voith Gmbh J M | Hollow roll body for use in a paper machine or similar plant for the production of endless web material |
| DE4410675C2 (en) * | 1994-03-26 | 1999-09-30 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Process for heating a heatable roller for calenders or smoothing units and heatable roller for carrying out this method |
| DE19513500C2 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1998-05-14 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Adjustable shape roller |
| US5967958A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1999-10-19 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heatable roller |
| FI2640U1 (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1996-11-22 | Valmet Corp | Roller, especially a roller for a soft or super calender |
-
1998
- 1998-05-19 DE DE19822531A patent/DE19822531B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-12 AT AT99109487T patent/ATE275701T1/en active
- 1999-05-12 EP EP99109487A patent/EP0959257B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-12 DE DE59910425T patent/DE59910425D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-19 CA CA002272205A patent/CA2272205A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009103846A1 (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Roll of a fiber web machine and method of manufacturing a fiber web machine roll |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0959257A1 (en) | 1999-11-24 |
| EP0959257B1 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
| DE59910425D1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
| ATE275701T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| DE19822531A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
| DE19822531B4 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |