CA2258254A1 - Plant for industrial treatment of domestic waste and organic sludge through the recycling of utilizable products and the accelerated production of biogas and an organic amendment (digestate) generated by the mesophilic anaerobic fermentation of organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a profitable plant for treating household waste and fresh organic liquid sludge having less than eight (8) days. It works by respecting the rules of the environment and by producing recycled materials and energy in the form of BIOGAS which is composed of methane gas with a secondary chemical called carbon dioxide and an organic fertilizer called DIGESTAT. In the present invention, after sorting the materials to be recycled and in order to generate the maximum amount of biogas and digestate as quickly as possible, the fermentation is carried out by aerobic and anaerobic mesophilic bacteria which operate under optimal temperature and pH conditions. and the C / N ratio. The first part of the fermentation, which is acidogenic, takes place mainly in an aerobic fermentation tank called an acidogenic hydrolyser digester where the colonies of acidogenic bacteria proliferate. The second part of the fermentation, which is acetogenic, takes place in another sealed fermentation tank called anaerobic acetogenic secondary accelerator digester and comprising fixed contact surfaces where the colonies of acetogenic bacteria proliferate. The third part of the fermentation, which is methanogenic, takes place in another sealed fermentation tank called the tertiary anaerobic methanogenic accelerator digester similar to the second, and comprising fixed contact surfaces or proliferating colonies of methanogenic bacteria. The waste water is treated in a purification station before it is discharged outside or used in the factory.

Description

I ~ OIRg DESCRIPTION ' The present invention relates to. construction of a factory household waste recycling which additionally produces by Anaerobic fermentation of biological gas (HIOGAZ) and organic fertilizer (DIGESTAT) from materials organic household waste and organic sludge.
Household waste is currently a serious problem environment because the tonnage produced in the countries developed is around 1 ton per year per inhabitant. Moreover incinerators and landfills are very polluting.
Modern commercialized processes now allow sort and shred household waste so that it doesn’t keep only organic matter which, in the form of organic liquids, can ferment like liquids organic from animals or treatment plants.
CnHaob + (na / 4-b / 2) H2o --- ~ (n / 2-a / 8 '+ b / 4) C02 + (n / 2 + a / 8-b / 4) CH4 (Theoretical formula of HUSSWELL) Approximately until 1950 l. Organic waste from household waste, body fluids such as fresh sludge from sewage treatment plants, slurry, liquids seismic pits, liquids from canneries, etc ...
posed practically no significant problem because the production was low.
Organic fluid producers knew about it well value as organic fertilizer (slurry) and after more or less complete fermentation, used it to their personal needs.
But now the artisanal stage of the producers of body fluids has been replaced by in-industrial that poses serious pollution groblémes because the tonnage of organic liquids produced is enormous and breeders in general get rid of it by doing it spread during certain periods on the grounds of culture and that in too much quantity without having it ferments. In this way, pathogens and parasites proliferating and are found in agricultural products or pollute the water table and shores with serious consequences for the environment.
Thus, by studying and experiencing the different phenomena-from mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic fermentation I discovered that it is possible to build factories household waste recycling and treatment organic matter fermentation whose profitability will be ensured by the unloading fees, by the sale of recycled products and through the sale of production renewable energy and organic fertilizer.
Plus recycling and fermentation factories anaerobic help clean up the environment and preserve our pure water resources.

2 I) PRINCIPLES OF ALROBIA AND ANASROBIA FERMENTATIONS
The fermentation part of the plant uses the principles of a ~ roL ~ ie and anabrobic digestion which are processes organic redox by which compounds complex organic are transformed into carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4) and cellular material which pat a high quality organic fertilizer (digestate).
This procedure involves THREE STEPS which implement different groups of mesophilic bacteria.
HYDROLYSIS AND ACIDOGLNESIS
- The first floor requires the presence of bacteria aerobes which transform by hydrolysis and fermentation acidogane complex organic compounds such as polysaccharides, cellulose, proteins and lipids high molecular weight in organic acids, alcohol, hydrogen and carbon dioxide (These bacteria selected and improved are of the genus HACILLUS, HUTYRIVIHRIO, CLOSTRI--DILTS SP, F2HRIS ~? LVENS, PSEUDOMO'NAS, PEPTOCC ~ CCUS, etc.) ACBTOGÉNBSE
- The second stage uses anaetogenic acetogenic bacteria -robies that get. their energy by transforming products from the first stage in acetic acid and hydrogen, in addition some of them synthesize acetic acid from hydrogen and carbon dioxide -nique. (These selected and improved bacteria are genus DESULF ~? VIBRI ~ ?, DESULFURICANS, DESULF ~? TO-MACULUM SP, LACTOHACILLUS, etc.) METHANOGENESIS
- The third step uses methanogenic bacteria anaerobes that use the products of the steps previous, in particular acetic acid and hydrogane for form carbon dioxide (C ~ 2) and methane (CH4) (These selected and improved bacteria are the kind METHANOCOCCUS, METHANOHACTERIUM SP, METHANOHACILLUS, METHANO--SARCINA MAZEI, METHANOSARCINA HARRERI, METHANOTRIX SP etc.) The simplified table of figure N ° 3 represents the stages of aerobic and anaerobic digestion of mature organic.
In the present invention concerning the fermenta-tion of the household waste treatment plant and organic sludge, the three (3) phases of fermentation aerobic and anaerobic at 35137 ° C. are separated so get the best performance ~~ possible in a very short time short or ten to eleven days in total.

3 II) DESCRIPTION OF A PLANT PROCESSING 200 TONNgB / DAY D8 WASTE I ~ NAGSRS CONT $ NANT ABOUT 100 T / D D8 PRODUCTS

The drawings which illustrate the realization of the invention are .
- Figure n ° 1: diagram of the general operation.
- Figure n ° 2. composition of solid waste.
- Figure n ° 3. the stages of anaerobic digestion.
- Figure n ° 4. theoretical diagram of production.
- Figure 5. factory block diagram.
- Figure n ° 6. principle diagram of anaerobic digestion.
- Figure n ° 7. plan view of the factory.
- Figure n ° 8 elevation view of the following cut plant the perpendicular axis of the building and the digester-primary accelerator.
- Figure n ° 9: sectional view of the acid generating digester.
- Figure n ° 10. sectional view of the methanogen digester.
The fermentation part of the plant is planned to process at 35/37 ° C. Approximately 580 cubic meters per day of sludge at 9/128 of organic materials which can be composed of:
- 100 tonnes / day of organic matter from household garbage which is liquefied with approx.
- 400 tonnes / day of fresh sewage sludge, sludge septic tanks or 400 tonnes / day of slurry.
- Possibly water can replace the sludge.
without the addition of organic matter from waste household the plant would be able to process around 1,000 tonnes / day of fresh sewage sludge, pit sludge segtiques, pig manure, etc ...
With these raw materials (2409 '/ J of OM + 400T / J of sludge organic) the factory operates as follows.
A) Arrival of household garbage (~ .M.) At the entrance to the factory, the trucks are weighed and unloaded.
dispose of the waste on a receiving platform (1) placed in depression where a first manual sorting allows recovery -ration of bulky or dangerous waste; then a motorized shovel places them on the high conveyor belt author (2) The platform is scheduled for two days of delivery to prevent possible mechanical failure.

4 B) Sorting of household waste Household waste conveyor belt are poured onto the first conveyor belt (3) of the sorting chain to supply the various stations preparation and sorting:
1) A slow shredder-shredder (4) opens the bags of waste, cardboard and other containers so as to spread the waste evenly over the carpet main transporter (5).
2) Plastic materials and heavy plastics are collected manually (6.) and sent by a conveyor belt transporter to the storage room.
The glasses can also be resold for recycling.
3) Driven by the main conveyor belt, the waste goes under electromagnets that separate scrap (7) to send them to storage.
4) The organic materials are separated by a sorter discs (8) or rotary and then they are sent by a conveyor belt to a fine mill.

5) The heavy and undesirable materials are then separated rees mechanically (9) for ~ t, re sent by a carpet carrier to storage.
5) Aluminum and plastic containers are then automatically separated (10) and sent by a mat carrier to separate storage.
7) The papers and cartons (11) are directed to the crusher end or they are mixed ~ organic matter.
8) A fine high speed grinder (12) transforms the organic materials, paper and: fine cardboard particles from 2 to 4mm which are; very acceptable for the anaerobic fermentation.
9) The ground organic waste still contains heavy particles which are released by separa-air jets (13). these particles are rejected with the inert ones.
10) The crushed and purified organic waste is then directed by a conveyor belt to the installation of fermentation (14).
All recyclable materials are sold after cleaning and disinfection.

c) Arrival of liquid organic sludge After weighing, the tankers empty by pumping or gravity in two watertight tanks which may contain two days of delivery i.e. approximately 400 cubic meters (15) each. So a system failure would not cause groblame despite the arrival of 400 cubic meters / day of fresh sludge, possibly organic sludge can be delivered by pumping.
In order to homogenize the contents of the tanks as much as possible is provided for each tank four (4) brewers to multiple propellers with a unit power of 8 HP.
D) Preparation of organic matter 1) HYDROLYSATION AND ACIDOGENESIS
Organic matter, brought by the conveyor belt (14) is dumped according to its nature, in one of the three (3) 350m3 tanks (aerobic digesters) each (16) provided for the hydrolysis and the start of the acidogenesis of organic material for 8 to 12 hours.
In this way with 3 tanks, the possible differences-the qualities of the influent (PH: and C / N)) can be quickly corrected by mixing.
Since organic matter contains about $ 50 of water, an organic sludge or dilution water is required about 400m3 or 14 1 / s for 8 hours.
The arrival of organic sludge by pumping (17) from the sludge arrival tanks (15) and water arrival dilution valves (18) are fitted with shut-off valves manual control and control valves electric from the control panel.
Level indicating devices transmit the indications to the control panel.
Additives inlets (19) are fitted with valves manual closing and control valves electric from the control panel.
In order to homogenize as much as possible. contents of tanks four (4) brewers are provided for each tank multiple propellers with a unit power of 7 HP.
The pumping of the influent (20) to the condition tanks operation is carried out by two slurry pumps and two grinding pumps provided (20) each for a flow maximum of 10 1 / s / 8 h. They are installed in the technical gallery The discharge pipes are fitted with manual valves and electrically controlled regulating valves from the control panel.
Devices measuring flow. with transmission of indications on the control panel are installed on the delivery pipes.
The necessary automation is installed to ensure automatic operation.

6 2) BOILERS
It is planned to install 2 boilers of 2,500,000 HTU / h producing steam (450 ° F - 250 PSI) (22).
These boilers designed to use biogas are equipped necessary automatic feeding devices è
their proper functioning as well as the depol--lution necessary to comply with all the regulations of the environment.
The boilers operate when the cogeneration stops.
-Lion or to complete the 1st heating.
3) TEMPERATURE OF LIQUID ORGANIC POUES
Heat exchangers are installed on the pipes sludge feeding the hydrolysis tanks (15) and acidoc ~ enëse so that the temperature of the mixed influent with solid organic matter is always 37 ° C. at beginning of treatment. The heat exchangers (21) are supplied by coqbneration or by the boilers provided in the factory (22). The necessary automation is installed to ensure automatic operation.
4) PRIMARY PACKAGING AND END OF ACIDOGENESIS
Three 350m3 (23) tanks are planned for receive influential for 8 hours. In this way with three tanks of possible differences in quality of the influential can be corrected.
After this 8 hour period, hydrolysis and acid ~ enesis are also terminated.
Additives inlets (19) are fitted with valves manual closing and control valves electric from the control panel.
In order to maximize the contents of the tanks the installation by tank of 4 brewers is planned with multiple propellers with a unit power of 7 HP.
Level indicating devices are installed in each tank with transmission of the indication to control panel.
pumping the influent to the condition tanks-final operation (24) is provided by stripped sludge pumps each for a flow of 10 1 / s / 8 h and installed in the technical gallery.
The discharge pipes are fitted with manual valves closing and electrically controlled regulating valves only from the control panel.
Devices measuring instantaneous flow with transmission on the control panel are installed on the pipes.
The necessary automation is installed to ensure automatic operation.

7 5) FINAL PACKAGING
Two pre-fermentation tanks of 204m3 (25) receive influence it for 4 hours for its final preparation before its pumping (26) towards the primary acetogenic diqesteu.r.
Even if the influent is pumped with a dilution rate of 9 to 12 $, it is planned in addition, a water supply of 30m3 / hour to complete the dilution (18).
The dilution water inlet is fitted with manual valves closing and electrically operated valves from the 1st control panel.
At the exit of the pre-fermentation tanks the Inf Tuent is mixed according to the different origins of organic matter to obtain a constant manner values between 1 ~ 25 for the C / N ratio (carbon / nitrogen) and. a pH between 6.5 and 8.0.
In order to homogenize as much as possible 1e: content of tanks it is planned the installation by tank of 2 brewers â
multiple propellers with a unit power of 4 hp Level indicating devices transmit the indications on the control panel.
The arrivals of additives (19) are fitted with valves manual closing and control valves electric from the control panel.
Pumping of the influent (26) to the primary digester acetogenesis is carried out by slurry pumps intended for a maximum flow of 8 1 / s / 24 h.
The discharge pipes are mL ~ supplied with manual valves of electrically operated shutoff and regulating valves from the control panel.
Here flow measuring devices: with transmission of indications on the control panel are installed on the discharge pipes.
The necessary automation is installed to ensure automatic operation.
6) REHEATING
Maintaining the temperature of the effluent is ensured by heat exchangers (21.) installed on the sludge lines supplying the primary digester This way the eff7_uent is always maintained at 35/37 ° C.
7) DELIVERY OF ADDITIVES
The facility is designed to accommodate six different additives that will be delivered once a week in six 5m3 tanks (27) installed in the technical basement (bacteria, bases, acids).

8 For each tank, the dilution water arrivals are fitted with manual shut-off valves and regular valves electrically operated slats from the console order.
In order to homogenize as much as possible the contents of the six tanks are planned for the installation of 5 brewers multiple propellers with a unit power of 2 HP.
A level indicator device for each tank is installed with transmission of the indication to the console control.
Automatic pumping of additives to the various distribution bins is provided by 6 metering pumps variable speed of 112 HP with a maximum flow of 0.1 liter per second, These pumps are installed in the technical gallery and the flow indications are retransmitted to the console of ordered .
Sets of manual valves allow different possibilities of refilling additives.
Automation required for operation automatic is installed.
S) ANAEROBIC ERMSNTATION
1) ACETOGENIC PRIMARY DIGESTER
After its preparation, the effluent is pumped towards digestion primary which is a device composed of a concrete tank (or metallic) perfectly waterproof and insulated enough sament for the local climate called the primary digestor togane whose useful volume of 2 ° _i00 m3 (28) allows a fer-anaerobic mentation lasting 2.5 / 3.5 days with a continuous effluent intake, diluted to $ 9/12, of approximately 680 m3 / d Approximate dimensions. Diameter l5m, interior height in the center l7m, height of the sides 1.2m.
This tank is mainly composed.
Of a high part having a volume of approximately 2000 m3 or, for pumping, the effluent drips on inclined surfaces or which serve as habitats and places of development pement to acetophilic mesophilic bacteria.
rough (29) called contact surfaces are provided to provide a surface area of one square meter per 200 kilogram--me / day of volatile solids sent to the tank.
A conical lower part with a volume of approximately 500 m3 or the eff kill kill accumulates after bathing the surf aces of contacts.
The arrival of the effluent, pumped from the condition tanks final operation, takes place at the top of the digester (30) The outflow of sludge from the acetogenic fermentation takes place at at the base of the digester (31) and they are sent to the recirculation or to the secondary methanogenous digester.

9 In order to ensure the best possible homogeneity of the mass in fermentation, the mud is; recirculation slow by slurry pumps (32) provided for a flow rate of 200 m3 / h.
Multiple outlets ensure good mixing and slurry pumps (33) supply the digester methanogenic.
The exit of the gases produced takes place at the top of the lady covering the digester (34) and ce7.a with pressure approximately 12 to 15 gr / cm2.C; the gases are directed towards the secondary digester which is methanogenically boosted for biogas (35).
An overflow is installed at the top of the digester (36) and by gravity feeds the fermented sludge tanks All piping is fitted with manual valves of electrically controlled shutoff and regulating valves from the control panel.
Devices measuring flow: instantaneous with transmitted-on the control panel are installed on all piping.
The proper functioning of the digester is ensured by systems control of the different parameters of the anaerobic fermentation.
The main ones are.
- The composition of the input at the entrance of the digester - Retention time - The fermentation temperature (° C) - The loading rate of organic matter (So / TR) - PH and H.
- Alkalinity (CaC03) - The carbon / nitrogen ratio (C / N) - The concentration of volatile acids - Soluble COD
- The proteins - The concentration of organic nitrogen, ammonia and nitrates ((NH4J + [NH3] - [NH3-N)}
- The determination of the percentages of acetate, butyrate, propionate, C02, H2, etc.
- Acidogenic and methanogenic activity - Bacteria: fecal coliforms, streptococci, enterococ -chi, salmonella, total enteroviruses, helminthova (roundworms) etc - The nature and volume of the gases produced - The composition of the output at: The outlet of the digester.
Sampling devices are installed at different heights on the wall of the digester (37}.
The additives are injected at the top (19).

The acidogenic digester is installed above the gallery technique used to feed the digesters and it is partially buried in the ground to reduce insulation nbcessaire et la loss de BTU
From the control building, the <3 technical gallery allows the passage of all piping, wiring and access to valves installed at the base of the acid generating digester.
2) REHEATING
Maintaining the temperature of the effluent is ensured by heat exchangers installed on the pipe sludge feeding the methanogenic digester (21).
this way the effluent is always kept at 35/37 ° C.
3) METHAN SECONDARY DIGESTER? GENE
From the primary acic3ogene digester the effluent is pumped (33) to secondary digestion which is a dispo-sitif composed of a concrete (or metallic) tank waterproof and heat-insulated: Efisament for the climate 1_n ~ al calledPethanogenic secondary digester which with a useful volume of 6000 m3 (38) allows fermentation anaProbia of a duration of 7 to 8 days with an entry continuous effluent of approximately 630 m3 / day or 7.3 L / s.
Approximate dimensions. diameter 20m, height inside the center 20m, height of the sides 15m.
tank debt consists mainly Of a high part having a volume of approximately 5300 m3, or by pumping the mud trickles onto: r inclined surfaces or vertical ones that serve. of habit ats and places of development development of mesophilic mesogenic bacteria.
These rough surfaces (39) called contact surfaces are planned to provide an area of one square meter per 150 kg / day of volatile solids sent to the tank.
A conical lower part with a volume of approximately 700 m3 or digested sludge accumulates after bathing the contact surfaces.
The arrival of sludge, pumped from the primary digester acidogenic, occurs at the top of the secondary digester (40) The exit of the fermented sludge takes place at the base of digester (41) and they are sent to recirculation or by the hydrostatic pressure towards the mud tank (42) In order to ensure the best possible homogeneity of the mass in fermentation, it is set in motion by sludge pumps (43) provided for a flow rate of 400 m3 / h.
multiple outputs ensure good mixing.

In addition, in order to improve the methanogenic fermentation, a recirculation of biogas produced during fermentation is provided and it is provided by blowers having a total flow of 200 m3 / h. (44) The output of the biogas produced takes place at the top of the dome covering the digester (45) and this with pressure approximately 12 to 15 gr / cm2.A. its output the biogas is directed to use or recirculation.
The setting of digested sludge is made at the base of the digester by hydrostatic pressure and they are stored in the sludge tanks (42) before treatment.
An overflow is installed at the top of the digester (46) and gar gravity feeds the fermented sludge tanks All piping is fitted with manual valves of electrically operated shutoff and regulating valves from the control panel.
Devices measuring instantaneous flow with transmitted-on the control panel are installed on all piping.
The operation of the secondary digester is ensured by manual and automatic control systems different parameters of methanogenic fermentation.
The main parameters are.
- Retention time - The fermentation temperature (° C).
- The loading rate of organic matter (So / TR) - PH and H
- Alkalinity (CaCo3) - The carbon / nitrogen ratio (C / N) - The concentration of volatile acids - Soluble COD
- The proteins - The concentration of organic nitrogen, ammonia and nitrates ([NH4 j + [NH3] - [NH3-N J) - Determination of the remaining percentage of acetate butyrate, propionate, C02, ct ~ H2, etc.
- Léthanogène activity - Bacteria . fecal coliforms, streptococci, enterococcus--chi, salmonella, tot enterovirus: aux, helminthova (roundworm), methanococcus, methanobactherium, etc.
- The presence of prions - The nature and volume of the biogas produced - The composition of the output at the outlet of the digester - The composition of b waste water Lifting devices are installed ~~ s at different heights on the wall of the digester (47).
the additives are injected at the top (19).
The methanogenic digester is installed above the technical gallery for feeding digesters and it is partly buried in the ground in order to decrease insulation required and loss of BTUs In the gallery of digesters all electrical equipment will be of the explosion-proof type where necessary.
From the control building, the technical gallery allows the passage of all piping, wiring and access to the valves installed at: digester bases acidogenic and methanogenic.
4} DOSERS OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS
In order to optimize the fermentation of organic matter, certain ferments and organic products from additive tanks (27) are added and therefore f out ~ plastic bins of around 200 liters which are installed in the control building;
~ metering pumps, controlled by the system automatic control, inject solutions in the mass in fermentation.
5) TREATMENT OF BIOGAS
Leaving the methanogenic digester, the biogas abandons its sulfurous hydrogen (approx. Ig. maximum H2S gar m3) .in purifying devices. Each purifier being double, one half regenerates while the other half is in use The biogas then passes through a condenser called a purifier.
H20 where it loses most of its moisture on cooling elements.
The biogas is then directed to, use.
Possibly, depending on demand: local, methane and carbon dioxide can be separated during the treatment of purification and stored under pressure.
6) TORCHÉRE
An auto-ignition flare (48) is installed near of the control building in order to burn the biogas if the flow cannot be absorbed for any reason.

7) STORAGE OF BIOGAS
If necessary and in order to: regulate consumption biogas in relation to its production, it will be installed a gasometer of approximately 300m3 consisting of a flexible envelope in syntYietic material installed in a building specially designed to receive it, dimensions approximate of the building: length 20m, width lOm, height 6m.
8) REHEATING ON RECIRCULATI; ON
In addition to the heating devices installed before the tanks and digesters it is: installed heaters (21) on sludge recirculation systems. That maintains a minimum constant temperature of 35 °
centigrade in digesters.
The necessary BTUs are supplied by cogeneration or by the boilers (22).
All in all, at the coldest time of winter, 2,500,000 BTU / hour to heat the digesters and the main building (annual average 1,500,040 HTU / h) In the gallery of digesters all the electrical equipment will be of the explosion-proof type where necessary.
9) APPARATUS ~ LECTRI ~ CONTROL UNIT (digesters) In the gallery of digesters there. is installed a small control room having no communication with In this basement, there is installed a distribution board containing: all equipment necessary for the proper functioning of all of the digesters.
I1 will also include all indicating devices required.
I1 is also installed:
~ the necessary lighting fixtures;
~ power outlets;
~ heating, if necessary;
~ ventilation ~ gas presence analyzers.

Fl ~ COGI ~ NBRATION
1) General The generator set has a useful life of 30,000 hours without minor or major repackaging for 8,000 hours. The generator is; mounted on a rigid base of the sled type fitted with anti-vibration dampers. (49) 2) Characteristics of the diesel engine and its accessories The engine is of the 4-stroke compression ignition type, with forced suction, with 12 cylinders arranged in a "V" shape and developing 2000 HP ~ 1200 T / m.
The cruise control will be of the mechanical-hydraulic type.
-League with manual speed adjustment.
The exhaust system is designed for continuous service with a minimum attenuation of 30 dH for the silencer.
The cooling system designed for intensive service sif, is mounted on the b ~ ti of the group and allows recovery tion of the BTUs necessary for heating the effluent to treat.
The engine is designed to use when starting oil at combustion planned for diesel and then biogas having a minimum calorific value of: 593 HTU per cubic foot 3) CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ALTERNATOR
The alternator is of the sheltered type. to a landing and to a tree horizontal, rotating field, brushless, with coil shock absorbers. I1 is of the 3-phase, 4-wire, 500 V type, 50 HZ and its continuous power is 1500 KW.
The exciter installed at the end of the shaft is of the type without rotating diode brush and permanent magnet.
Automatic voltage regulator is semiconductor and ensures a regulation of $ 3 between positions without load and full load.
The control cabinet is provided with all the equipment necessary for the smooth running and ~ delivery of energy electric available to consumers other than the factory domestic waste treatment.

Gay BLCBAGE DES HOUES
A) General From digesters and wastewater treatment, the sludge is pumped to the treatment room.
B) Dehydration of the digestate (50) 1) Vacuum dryers (band filters) They are composed of a large canvas cylinder rotating in a basin filled with digested sludge.
inside the cylinder and the water in the sludge filters through the canvas and flows to a tank or a pump sends it to the treatment station.
The "cake" of sludge dried at 35 or 408 moisture is then detached from the outer surface of the canvas and a conveyor belt prevails towards granulation.
In addition to the vacuum pumps, the A, ~ rotary sachets include each have a feed pump: ion and a coagulating reagents 2) Pressing Composed of rotating drums fitted with scrapers pressing the sludge against grates, the rotary press also allows ment to get a "pole" of dried mud at about $ 40.
3) Centrifugation It is also possible to obtain the same result with centrifuges C) The granulation of the dehydrated digestate At the exit from dehydration a conveyor belt directs dewatered sludge to all devices which will granulate this sludge.
1) A current of hot air at around 300 ° C. sterilizes and -dry sludge at about $ 5 of moisture.
2) A screw press forces the dried sludge to pass through a grid which calibrates the granules to the desired dimension.
3) During this operation it is possible to add chemicals if needed to get a digestate meeting customer demand.

H ~ TRAIT81 ~ NT Dg8 B ~ llU7C U88E8 FOR THE BNSg ~ LB OF THE PROJECT
1) Principle Liquids from the sludge drainage as well as all liquids from condensation or flow are sent to the water treatment plant. This treatment station is particularly designed for treat water with very chemical characteristics particular.
After its treatment, the water is reused in the circuit organic matter processing. The milking station ment of water is double-decker in accordance with needs.
The treatment with oxygen supply is controlled automatically-by analyzing the dissolved oxygen level. In addition, for complete treatment, additive metering devices are provided.
At the outlet of the treatment station, the effluent discharged, if applicable, is continuously analyzed to match meet environmental standards.
2) Technical description The water treatment station is designed to treat at maximum 700m ~ per day (8 L / S).
3) Hassin of reception and flocculation ~~ 51 ~
Provided for a retention time of 3 hours of flocculation, the aeration tank will have a useful capacity of ~ 100m °.
The water from the receiving tank is brought in by two 2 HP pumps One of the two pumps being in standby.
The aeration of the water is carried out by a submerged pump of 3 HP which rejects rain water outside.
4) Receipt of additives A tank of approximately 3mj redoit the powder additives.
The dilution water inlet is fitted with a shut-off valve.
manual control.
In order to homogenize the solution as much as possible, it is planned the installation of a propeller stirrer with a power of 1/2 HP. 1/3 HP dosing pumps inject the solutions in the aeration tank.

) Processing units (52 ~~
Water loaded with organic matter is pumped into a tank which also receives coagulant products.
Rotating discs harboring bacterial colonies bathe in water and provide: Organic depollution.
Two devices in parallel are: provided, because they ensure each treatment of 4 liters / second of polluted water having a BOD5 of 190 mg / L and a COD of 430 mg / L.
The decanted sludge is removed from the bottom hydrostatic pressure treatment units.
5) Sludge recirculation The decanted sludge arrives in a basin of approximately 5m '.
Part of the sludge is returned to the aeration tank in order to be recycled. Two 2 HP pumps are planned.
The other part of the sludge is mixed with the sludge from from digesters.
7) Final water treatment A basin of approximately 5m 'receives by gravity the water leaving of the processing unit. A chlorine dispenser completes the treatment of water so that it is perfectly reused readable or ecologically rejectionable (53).
8) Water recycling Two 4 HP pumps send the treated water to the delivery tanks for different products; maximum flow 8 L! S. One of the two pumps is back up.
NOTE: All the devices and tanks for the treatment of water is fitted with valves and controls necessary for proper functioning of the assembly. All of the water treatment devices and basin is installed in the building ps: incipal.
This supply also includes the slabs of the room, accesses, annexes, lighting, sockets power, heating, air conditioning and ventilation lation, handling devices, washing, etC ...
In this building there is also installed the control which will contain the material that is to say a distribution table tion with all the equipment necessary for the proper functioning-the whole.

LS8 ANNSIBiS D8 USINB Dl ~ TRAI'l '~ NT D88 DSC88TS
For the factory to function properly it is necessary plan and install devices and equipment next - Viability including the access road, sewers, 1a high voltage power line, parking, lines telephone, water supply. drinking, etc ...
- The land must be fenced so that the installation -lation is well protected and the entries monitored.
- Electric access doors for trucks.
- A weighbridge recording inputs and outputs trucks.
- A control building installed next to the weighbridge.
- Parking lots for cars and trucks.
- Locations for possible storage of the digestate and inert.
- Entrance and reception for the main building.
- Offices and a conference room with the devices projection required.
- Fully equipped laboratories - For visitors, a gallery overlooking the surface of reception of household waste and sorting lines - A control room with desk and synoptic table - For staff and visitors: a cafeteria, a refectory, sinks, showers, changing rooms, toilets, a infirmary, rest room, etc ...
- A spare parts store - Storage cells for recycled products with containers required.
- Ventilation, air conditioning, purification and deodorization metering of air, methane gas detectors.
- Handling equipment, compressed air circuits, drinking water and industrial water arrivals, washing devices.

- Interior and exterior lighting, emergency lighting, telephone lines, intercom, mobile radio.
- The control and monitoring computer.
- High voltage substation with metering, low switchboards voltage, distribution boards, anti-equipment explosion-proof, wiring, etc.
- Etc ..

I) LS PgR80NNSI ~
To function properly for 10 hours a day for the sorting part and 24 hours a day for the part fermentation, the domestic waste treatment plant planned to treat 200 tonnes / day of household waste and 400 tonnes / day of fresh sludge for 36 men 19 for the sorting part and 17 for the sorting part fermentation 1) Sorting section - A director and a deputy director responsible for the installation.
- An accountant-payer for the factory.
- A receptionist.
- A secretary for the factory.
- Two foremen in charge of operation and maintenance.
- Two mechanics in charge of repairs.
- Eight laborers responsible for manual sorting and cleaning.
- Two input and weighing controllers.
2) Fermentation section - A director and a deputy director responsible for the installation.
- A biochemist and his assistant in charge of the analyzes.
- Two foremen in charge of operation and maintenance.
- Two mechanic-operators in charge of repairs.
- Three laborers in charge of cleaning.
- A technician.
- five 24 hour security guards.

SUMMARY OF AWARDS
PRöVrJE FACTORY TO TREAT 200T / J OF OM AND 400T / J OF SLUDGE
FACTORY RETURN PRICE
Sorting part $ 7,670,000.00 Fermentation section $ 8,446,000.00 TOTAL S 16,115,000.00 This price does not include the 1st pitch. viability, roads, etc.
REVENr_1 NET
Unloading charges, sale of $ 3,300,000.00 products and energy, etc ,.
TOTAL EXPENSES
All inclusive but without amortization S 2,170,000.00 PROFITS S 1.130.000.00 J) ~ RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE LABORATORY AND EXTRAPOLATED
Factory with digesters of 7200m 'in total (2200m3 + 5000m3d Treatment of 200 T / D of OM + 400 T / J of fresh sludge 1) Mr. ~. - about 100 T / D
~% Recovered from wet MO, about 95% = 95 T / J
~% Of dry matter contained, humidity 48% = 49.6T / J
~% Of dry SV, about 84% = 41.75T / D
~% Of biodegradable SV, about 80% = 33.4T / J
~ Biogas produced, minimum 450m 'x 33.4 = 1 ~ 028T / J
~ Dry free digestate (49.6 - 33.40) - 15.20T / D
2) Fresh sludge - 400 T / D
~% Of known matter contained, humidity 95% = 20 T / D
~% Of dry SV, around 70% = 14.0 T / D
~% of biodegradable SV, around 70% = 9.80 T / D
~ Biogas produced, minimum 35 ~ Om 'x 9, 80 = 3430 m' / D
~ Dry digestate produced (20 - ~ 9.80) - 10.20 T / D
3) Total daily result ~ Biogas produced, 15028m ° + 3430m ' (CH9 = 12920m ', CO ~ = 5538m ~) - 18458 m -' / J
~ BTU produced 34,500 BTU / m3 x 12,920 = 445,740,000 BTU / J
~ BTU for granulation 1600 / S x 60 x 50 x 24 = 138 240,000 BTU / J
~ HTLT / day available 445,740,000 - 138,240,000 = 307,500,000 BTU / J
~ BTU / second available 307,500,000 / 24/60/60 - 3,559 BTU / S
~ ~ equivalent KW (3,559 x 1.0528) or (307,500,000 BTU / J x 0.000293 / 24) = 3,747 KW / H
~ Cogeneration, useful power (0.358% x 3,747 KW / H) - 1,341 KW / H
~ Recovered heat, around 33.50% BTU / J
307,500,000 BTU / D x 33.50% = 103,000,000 BTU / D
~ Heat consumed by the factory (average) 1,500,000 BTU / H x 24 H = 36,000,000 BTU / D
~ Heat that can be sold (average) I43,000,000 - 36,000,000 = 67,000,000 BTU / J
~ Dry free digestate (16.20 + 10.2) - 26.40 T / D
~ Digestate granulated at 95% MO
(around 54m3) 27.80 T / D
~ Digestate dried at 40% MO
(around 95m3) 69.50 T / J

Claims (2)

1) Percentage of dry organic matter:
Domestic waste ~~ MO - 50% ~ 5%.
Chicken manure ~~ MO - 35% ~ 5%.
Crop residues ~~ MO - 35% ~ 5%. 2) Percentage of dry organic matter in the dilution liquids:
Water. ~~~~ MO - 0 Fresh sewage sludge ~~ MO - 2 to 5%.
Manure from pigs or cattle ~ MO - 3 to 6%.
Septic tanks ~~ MC - 3 to 4%.
H) A primary fermentation which takes place in a waterproof and perfectly insulated concrete device thermally for local conditions called acidogenic primary digester.

Inside, the fermentation mud is continuously pumped and trickled on fixed contact surfaces installed vertically or inclined to offer with a minimum spacing of 1.00 meter between them, a minimum rough surface one square meter per 200 kilograms / day of solids dry volatiles sent to the digester and on these contact surfaces anaerobic bacteria acid-generating mesophiles, selected according to the nature organic matter, develop for two to four days at an average temperature of thirty-five degrees centigrade ~ 15% (35 to 40 ° C.) and this in a mixed atmosphere where the pH of the solution is maintained between 6.5 and 8.
Additional devices also allow the reheating, additional seeding with selected bacteria, taking samples and the discharge of the effluent.

I) A secondary fermentation which takes place in a waterproof and perfectly insulated concrete device thermally for local conditions called methanogenic secondary digester.
Inside, the fermentation mud is continuously stirred by slow pumping and recirculation of the biogas and trickles on fixed contact surfaces installed vertically or inclined to offer with minimum distance of 1.00 meter between them, one minimum rough surface of one square meter per 150 kilograms / day of dry volatile solids sent in the digester and on these contact surfaces the Anaerobic mesophilic methanogenic bacteria selected according to the nature of the materials organic, develop for seven to eight days at an average temperature of thirty-five degrees centigrade ~ 158 (35 to 40 ° c) and this in a brewed atmosphere with a PH maintained between 7 and 8.
Additional devices also allow the reheating, additional seeding with selected bacteria, taking samples and the discharge of the effluent.
J) The devices necessary to treat and purify the biogas, store it temporarily if necessary and use it for cogeneration or sale after separation of methane and carbon dioxide.
K) The devices necessary for dehydration and granulation of fermented sludge which after pumping from the secondary digester and the tanks sludge, are transformed mechanically by processes using vacuum, filtering, heat, etc.
dry organic amendment at 40 or 95% MO or in fuel (4500 BTU / lbs).
L) The locations required to store the dry digestate before marketing.
M) The locations required to store the dry rejects before their shipment to the site of provisions.
N) Treatment of waste water in a device decantation and flocculation so as to make it reusable without causing phenomena poisoning from fermentation in digesters and so as to make it conform to environment ministry standards if it's necessary to reject it with the maximum rates following:
Total solids ~~ less than ~~ 200 mg / l Suspended solids ~ less than ~~ 10 mg / l DHO ~~~~ less than ~~ 20 mg / l COD ~~~~ less than ~~ 70 mg / l NTK ~~~~ less than ~~ 15 mg / l NO2 + NO3 ~~~ less than ~~ traces Pt ~~~~ less than ~~ traces R.2. A new industrial process as defined in the claim 1 but with the digesters built in steel, plastics, glass fibers, etc., instead of concrete.

R.3. A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1 and 2 but with the digesters installed in one or more buildings and provided with more insulation slight.

R.4. A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2 and 3 wherein the dilution of the liquid organic from sorted domestic waste and ground to keep only the organic matter is made with organic sludge from waste human, animal waste, paper sludge, etc.

R.5. A new industrial process as defined in the 1,2,3 and 4 or the PH of the effluent in fermentation is between 5 and 10 R.6. A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4 and 5 but with a connection carbon / nitrogen between 5 and 35 on a (C / N = 5/1 to 35/1), depending on the organic products to be treated.

R.7. A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 but with a percentage dry organic matter between 6 and 20% and this according to the organic products to be treated.

RB A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 and having its capacity to treatment adapted to the volume is to the nature of the mud organic to be treated by anaerobic fermentation.

R.9. A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 and having bacteria used selected according to the materials organic matter contained in household waste and organic sludge.

A.10 A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,, 8 and 9 and having the dimensions of the contact surfaces adapted to suit of the nature of the organic matter contained in the household waste and organic sludge.

R.11.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10 or the times of detention depends on the nature of the materials organic.

R.12.A new industrial process. as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 and 11 or the dilution, hydrolisation, homogenisation, encemen-cemnent with selected bacteria and setting temperature takes place in a single similar digester â those of claim 1.

R.13.A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.1,11 and 12 but do not include only a digester because of the nature of the organic matter to be treated.
R.14.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and 13 but or organic dilution sludge is replaced by the water.
A.15 A new industrial process as defined in the claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, and 14 with digesters similar to the previous ones but including no contact surfaces due to gender of fermentation sludge.
R.16.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.10,11,12,13,14 and 15 but not including the sorting part of the factory because the preparation of sorted and crushed organic matter domestic waste is carried out elsewhere and can be delivered dry, 50% wet or sludge liquid organic.
R.17.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 and 16 but with an anaerobic fermentation facility designed to receive only organic sludge liquids with additional dilution devices or thickening organic sludge to bring the percentage of organic matter between 9 and 12% ~ 5%.
R.18.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16 and 17 but intended to process without refining and grinding the organic matter leaving the sorting line in pieces from 4 to 15 mm depending on the nature of this organic matter.
R.19.A new industrial process as defined in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,, 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16, 17 and 18 and adapted to the nature of organic matter organic sludge and sludge to be treated but operating with anaerobic thermophilic bacteria at a temperature of sixty degrees centigrade (60 ° C) ~ 10%.