CA2225298C - Gasket and apparatus for electrodeionization - Google Patents
Gasket and apparatus for electrodeionization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2225298C CA2225298C CA2225298A CA2225298A CA2225298C CA 2225298 C CA2225298 C CA 2225298C CA 2225298 A CA2225298 A CA 2225298A CA 2225298 A CA2225298 A CA 2225298A CA 2225298 C CA2225298 C CA 2225298C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gasket
- flow path
- series
- gaskets
- stack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012508 resin bead Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 44
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 37
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 102100026933 Myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000429017 Pectis Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCVOGSZTONGSQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trichloroanisole Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WCVOGSZTONGSQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100134298 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) nucA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100536354 Drosophila melanogaster tant gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000228957 Ferula foetida Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037062 Polyps Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100026827 Protein associated with UVRAG as autophagy enhancer Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710102978 Protein associated with UVRAG as autophagy enhancer Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003010 cation ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007265 chloromethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ATADHKWKHYVBTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 ATADHKWKHYVBTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150019895 thiE gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
- B01J47/06—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration
- B01J47/08—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration subjected to a direct electric current
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/50—Stacks of the plate-and-frame type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/785,648 US6123823A (en) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-01-17 | Gasket and apparatus for electrodeionization |
| US08/785,648 | 1997-01-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2225298A1 CA2225298A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 |
| CA2225298C true CA2225298C (en) | 2010-08-17 |
Family
ID=25136178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2225298A Expired - Lifetime CA2225298C (en) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-12-19 | Gasket and apparatus for electrodeionization |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6123823A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0853972B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH10225623A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1200960A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE273060T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU4923697A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2225298C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69730197T2 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2222499T3 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9711518B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6627061B2 (en) | 1999-05-05 | 2003-09-30 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Apparatus and process for electrodialysis of salts |
| JP3721883B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-22 | 2005-11-30 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 電気脱イオン装置 |
| US6905608B2 (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2005-06-14 | Exergy Technologies Corporation | Advanced electrodeionization for fluid recycling |
| US20030155243A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-21 | Eet Corporation | Multi-path split cell spacer and electrodialysis stack design |
| AU2003272371A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-04-30 | Ionics, Incorporated | Sparse media edi apparatus and method |
| CA2413467A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-05-29 | Ian Glenn Towe | Spacer for electrically driven membrane process apparatus |
| US7763157B2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2010-07-27 | Millipore Corporation | Electrodeionization device |
| US7404884B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-07-29 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Injection bonded articles and methods |
| US20080067069A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2008-03-20 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Low scale potential water treatment |
| EA201000905A1 (ru) | 2007-11-30 | 2010-10-29 | Сименс Уотер Текнолоджиз Корп. | Системы и способы для обработки воды |
| KR101131201B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-03-28 | 광주과학기술원 | 전기탈이온용 가스켓 조립체 |
| WO2012047796A1 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-12 | Aquatech International Corporation | Split flow edi apparatus for treating second pass ro permeate water with high flow rate |
| EA201390699A1 (ru) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-10-30 | Сименс Пте. Лтд. | Способ обеспечения источника питьевой воды |
| US8524062B2 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2013-09-03 | General Electric Company | Electrodeionization device and method with improved scaling resistance |
| US9637397B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-05-02 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Ion removal using a capacitive deionization system |
| US8671985B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2014-03-18 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
| US8961770B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-02-24 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Controller and method of operation of a capacitive deionization system |
| US9010361B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-04-21 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
| US9695070B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-07-04 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Regeneration of a capacitive deionization system |
| CN109796063B (zh) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-07-13 | 湖南海富环境污染治理有限公司 | 一种一体化浅除盐装置 |
| WO2023212320A1 (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | Ionic Solutions Ltd. | Electrodialysis and electrodeionization spacers |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4956071A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1990-09-11 | Millipore Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and module |
| US5154809A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1992-10-13 | Millipore Corporation | Process for purifying water |
| US5066375A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-11-19 | Ionics, Incorporated | Introducing and removing ion-exchange and other particulates from an assembled electrodeionization stack |
| US5120416A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1992-06-09 | Ionics, Incorporated | Introducing and removing ion-exchange and other particulates from an assembled electrodeionization stack |
| US5292422A (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-08 | Ip Holding Company | Modules for electrodeionization apparatus |
-
1997
- 1997-01-17 US US08/785,648 patent/US6123823A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-19 CA CA2225298A patent/CA2225298C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-22 ZA ZA9711518A patent/ZA9711518B/xx unknown
- 1997-12-23 DE DE69730197T patent/DE69730197T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-23 ES ES97310533T patent/ES2222499T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-23 AU AU49236/97A patent/AU4923697A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-12-23 AT AT97310533T patent/ATE273060T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-23 EP EP97310533A patent/EP0853972B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-01-16 CN CN98103657A patent/CN1200960A/zh active Pending
- 1998-01-19 JP JP10021527A patent/JPH10225623A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0853972A2 (en) | 1998-07-22 |
| JPH10225623A (ja) | 1998-08-25 |
| ES2222499T3 (es) | 2005-02-01 |
| DE69730197D1 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
| DE69730197T2 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
| ATE273060T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
| EP0853972A3 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
| CA2225298A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 |
| AU4923697A (en) | 1998-07-23 |
| CN1200960A (zh) | 1998-12-09 |
| US6123823A (en) | 2000-09-26 |
| EP0853972B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
| ZA9711518B (en) | 1998-07-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20171219 |