CA2220315A1 - Heat transfer fluids containing potassium carboxylates - Google Patents
Heat transfer fluids containing potassium carboxylates Download PDFInfo
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- CA2220315A1 CA2220315A1 CA 2220315 CA2220315A CA2220315A1 CA 2220315 A1 CA2220315 A1 CA 2220315A1 CA 2220315 CA2220315 CA 2220315 CA 2220315 A CA2220315 A CA 2220315A CA 2220315 A1 CA2220315 A1 CA 2220315A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
Abstract
A composition useful as heat transfer fluid is disclosed which contains potassium formate or acetate and a particularly effective inhibitor package including potassium or sodium nitrite, sodium borate pentahydrate and tolytriazole.
Description
CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS CONTAINING
POTASSIUM CARBOXYLATES
The present invention is related to low temperature heat transfer fluids.
Heat transfer fluids for use at low temperatures are typically ethylene glycol based or aqueous solutions of salts such as sodium chloride or urea. These types of fluids are often perceived to pose toxicological or environmental problems. Various approaches to minimi7ing these concerns have been considered. For example, U.S. Patent 5,064,551, issued to R. P. Smith on November 12, 1991, discloses a deicing composition containing predominantly potassium acetate with phosphate and nitrite inhibitors. This composition is taught to reduce problems of environmental pollution and acute corrosion.
A need remains for additional fluids which reduce corrosion and minimi7.e problems of environmental pollution.
The present invention is a composition comprising:
(1) at least one potassium salt of a Cl 9 carboxylic acid; and (2) a corrosion inhibitor package comprising:
(a) sodium or potassium nitrite;
(b) sodium borate pentahydrate; and (c) tolytriazole.
Optionally, the corrosion inhibitor package further comprises one or more of the following:
(i) a soluble molybdate compound, (ii) a phosphonate in the range of l to 100 ppm active phosphonate, or (iii) a soluble or dispersible zinc compound.
Optionally, the composition may further comprise at least one glycol or glycol ether selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
CA 0222031~ 1997-ll-0 Another optional component to the composition may be C~-6 alcohols, fluorinated Cl-6 alcohols, low viscosity dioxacyclanes or 1,2-diethers.
The composition of the present invention is useful as a low temperature heat transfer fluid or as a deicing fluid. The corrosion inhibitor package described herein is effective in minimi~ing corrosion under typical conditions in such heat transfer and deicing applications. The corrosion inhibitor package employed in the present invention is particularly effective in providing protection against corrosion of ferrous metals.
In the present invention, the potassium salt of a Cl 9 carboxylic acid may contain additional substituents such as hydroxy, methoxy and nitro. The potassium salt is preferably the salt of a Cl-6 alkyl carboxylic acid or the salt of a phenyl carboxylic acid. The potassium salt of a C,-6 alkyl carboxylic acid is more preferred. Examples of potassium salts useful in this composition include potassium formate (HCO2K), potassium acetate (CH3CO2K), potassium propionate (CH3CH2CO2K), potassium lactate (CH3CH(OH)CO2K),and potassium benzoate (PhCO2K); potassium acetate, potassium lactate and potassium formate are preferred.
The relative concentration of carboxylate salt component in the composition varies depending on the presence or absence of the optional glycol component. Incompositions containing the glycol component, the carboxylate salt component preferably comprises from 10 to 90 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, the carboxylate salt component comprises from 40 to 60 weight percent prior to dilution with water. When the composition does not include a glycol component, the carboxylate salt is the primary active component of the composition.
If a glycol component is used, the glycol preferably comprises ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether or mixtures thereof.
Propylene glycol and ethylene glycol are more preferred. If a glycol component is used, the glycol component preferably comprises at least 10 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, at least 40 weight percent prior to any dilution with water. The glycol component preferably comprises no more than 90 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, no more than 60 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water.
When the glycol component is used, in addition to it, the potassium salt, and the corrosion inhibitor package, the composition of this invention may optionally include a fourth component selected from (I) Cl 6 alcohols or fluorinated C~-6 alcohols; (2) a low viscosity dioxacyclane; or (3) a 1,2-diether. Examples of such Cl 6 alcohols include 0 methanol, ethanol and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol. Examples of dioxacyclanes include 1,3-dioxolane, 1,3-dioxane and glycerol formal. Examples of 1,2-diethers include1,2-dimethyoxypropane. When used, this fourth component preferably comprises from 0 to 20 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to its dilution with water.
Turning now to the details of the corrosion inhibitor package, the corrosion inhibitor package contains:
sodium or potassium nitrite;
sodium borate pentahydrate;
tolytriazole, and, optionally, one or more of the following:
a soluble molybdate compound, a phosphonate in the range of 1 to 100 ppm active phosphonate, a soluble or dispersible zinc compound. The composition of this invention may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of the components specifically named.
All concentrations specified herein are based on the weight of the fluid, unlessotherwise indicated.
The sodium or potassium nitrite is preferably used in a concentration of at least 5,000 parts per million (ppm) by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 7,500 ppm. The sodium or potassium nitrite is preferably used in a concentration of less than 15,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 12,000 ppm.
CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 The sodium borate pentahydrate is preferably used in an concentration of at least 500 ppm by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 750 ppm. The sodium borate pentahydrate is preferably used in an concentration of less than 5,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 2,000 ppm.
s The tolytriazole is preferably used in a concentration of at least 1,000 ppm by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 2,000 ppm. The tolytriazole is preferably used in a concentration of less than 10,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 4,000 ppm.
The molybdate, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 1,000 to 4,000 ppm. Examples of suitable molybdate compounds include sodium molybdate andpotassium molybdate.
The phosphonate, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 1 to 100 5 ppm. Examples of suitable phosphonate compounds include hydroxyethylene diphosphonic acid or phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid.
The zinc compound, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 0.1 percent to 0.4 percent. Examples of suitable zinc compounds include zinc acetate, zinc 20 nitrate.
The heat transfer fluid may optionally be diluted with water when the fluid is prepared or shortly prior its to use. The diluted heat transfer fluid preferably comprises from 10 to 90 weight percent water with the balance being active components, that is, the salt and 2s corrosion inhibitor package and, optionally, the glycol component and fourth component.
The heat transfer fluid can be prepared by a variety of methods. When the glycol is not used, the carboxylate salt is simply prepared in an aqueous solution using known techniques. When the optional glycol component is included, the carboxylate salt can be 30 prepared by mixing the glycol with solid potassium carboxylate, in the presence of some water, if necessary, and adding the additional optional components to obtain clear solutions.
Alternatively, the potassium carboxylate can be prepared in the glycol by reacting a CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 carboxylic acid with a potassium base, followed by the addition of any additional optional components. If desired, an aqueous solution of the potassium carboxylate can be prepared first, followed by mixing with the glycol and additional optional components.
The alkali metal carboxylate based fluid may then be admixed with a corrosion inhibitor package which comprises sodium or potassium nitrite; sodium borate pentahydrate; tolytriazole; and any optional components. The heat transfer fluids obtained typically have a pH in the range of 7.5 to 12.
0 The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting it in any way.
Example 1 A test fluid (Test Fluid A) was prepared by mixing 244 grams potassium acetate with 239 grams distilled water which was further mixed with 379 grams of "corrosive water" containing 148 ppm sodium sulfate, 165 ppm sodium chloride and 138 ppm sodium bicarbonate. This solution had a freezing point near -18~C. An inhibitor package consisting of 8.33 grams potassium nitrite (10,000 ppm), 0.83 grams sodium borate pentahydrate (1,000 ppm) and 4.20 grams of a 50 percent solution of sodium tolytriazole (2,500 ppm) was added resulting in a fluid referred to herein as Test Fluid A. The corrosive effects of this solution were evaluated using ASTM D 1384-87 Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware.
The test was repeated three times and the results averaged to obtain the corrosion rates expressed in mg/specimen. For comparison, the experiment described in this Example 1 was repeated by substituting the inhibitor package above with an inhibitor package containing:
1,000 ppm molybdate, 500 ppm nitrite, and 1,000 ppm tolyl triazole (Comparative la). The results are shown in Table 1.
A second comparative solution was prepared containing the following composition by weight: 50 percent potassium acetate, 0.2 percent potassium phosphate, 0.4 percent sodium nitrite. To this solution was added 0.2 percent tolyltriazole. The resulting solution (Comparative lb) was diluted with CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 corrosive water in an equal amount by weight to evaluate its corrosive effects. The results are shown in Table 1. Neither the fluid of Comparative l a nor the fluid of Comparative lb provide adequate protection to cast iron or to steel, whereas Test Fluid A provides adequate protection.
Table 1 Fluid SteelCast Fe Cast Al Solder Brass Copper Test Fluid A 1.0 1.8 -4.6* 63.6 4.2 2.8 Comparative 1.6 47.8 -14.0* 10.6 2.6 2.2 la Comparative 61.6 49.7 -1.0* 16.9 7.2 4.7 lb *Cast Al had a weight gain.
Example 2 0 A test fluid (Test Fluid B) was prepared by mixing 134 grams potassium acetate with 131.2 grams distilled water. A 108.7 gram portion of propylene glycol was added to this solution. The solution was further mixed with 374.8 grams of "corrosive water"
containing 148 ppm sodium sulfate, 165 ppm sodium chloride and 138 ppm sodium bicarbonate. This solution had a freezing point near -18~C. An inhibitor package as described in Test Fluid A of Example 1 was added; the resulting fluid is referred to as Test Fluid B. The corrosive effects of this solution were evaluated using ASTM D 1384-87 Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware. The test was repeated three times and the results averaged to obtain the corrosion rates expressed in mg/specimen.
For comparison, the experiment described in this Example 2 was repeated substituting an inhibitor package containing: 1,000 ppm molybdate, 500 ppm nitrite, and 1,000 ppm tolyltriazole ( Comparative 2a). Comparative fluid 2a had very high corrosion on steel.
- CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 Another comparative fluid (Comparative 2b) was prepared as follows: To a 588.90 g portion of propylene glycol (7.74 moles) was added 450.36 g of glacial acetic acid (7.50 moles). A 918.84 g portion of 45.8 percent KOH in water (7.50 moles) was added with stirring, over a period of one hour, using a cooling bath to keep the reaction temperature s below 50~C. A water clear liquid was obtained after the acid neutralization. A 54.48 g of a 50 percent aqueous solution of K2HPO4 was added to the warm solution, followed by the addition of 9.84 g of solid Na2MoO4-2H2O. The mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour to allow the solid to dissolve completely. Then, 5.40 g of 50 percent aqueous sodium tolyltriazole was added to afford a clear, light yellow solution containing the following composition:
0 29.04 percent propylene glycol, 36.30 percent potassium acetate, 1.34 percent K2HPO4, 0.40 percent Na2MoO4, 0.13 percent sodium tolyltriazole, and 32.28 percent water. A 50 percent aqueous solution affords a pH of 9.32. The concentrate had a reserve alkalinity of 78 ml.
This fluid was evaluated using ASTM D1384-87. The concentrate was diluted with corrosive water containing 100 ppm Cl-, 100 ppm so42- and 100 ppm HCO3- to afford a solution containing 32 percent active ingredients. The corrosion rate in mg/specimen is shown in Table 2. Thus, a fluid containing phosphate, molybdate and tolyltriazole (Comparative 2b) was not as efficient in corrosion protection as nitrite, borate and tolyl triazole (Test Fluids A & B). The results of the corrosion tests are shown in Table 2 below.
Table 2 Fluid Steel Cast Fe Cast Al Solder Brass Copper Test Fluid B 3.8 28.0 -9.6* 54.0 4.2 3.0 Comparative 177.8 21.6 -16.4* 21.6 3.6 3.2 2a Comparative 3.8 40.4 -16.2* 33.0 4.2 2.8 2b *Cast Al had a weight gain.
POTASSIUM CARBOXYLATES
The present invention is related to low temperature heat transfer fluids.
Heat transfer fluids for use at low temperatures are typically ethylene glycol based or aqueous solutions of salts such as sodium chloride or urea. These types of fluids are often perceived to pose toxicological or environmental problems. Various approaches to minimi7ing these concerns have been considered. For example, U.S. Patent 5,064,551, issued to R. P. Smith on November 12, 1991, discloses a deicing composition containing predominantly potassium acetate with phosphate and nitrite inhibitors. This composition is taught to reduce problems of environmental pollution and acute corrosion.
A need remains for additional fluids which reduce corrosion and minimi7.e problems of environmental pollution.
The present invention is a composition comprising:
(1) at least one potassium salt of a Cl 9 carboxylic acid; and (2) a corrosion inhibitor package comprising:
(a) sodium or potassium nitrite;
(b) sodium borate pentahydrate; and (c) tolytriazole.
Optionally, the corrosion inhibitor package further comprises one or more of the following:
(i) a soluble molybdate compound, (ii) a phosphonate in the range of l to 100 ppm active phosphonate, or (iii) a soluble or dispersible zinc compound.
Optionally, the composition may further comprise at least one glycol or glycol ether selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
CA 0222031~ 1997-ll-0 Another optional component to the composition may be C~-6 alcohols, fluorinated Cl-6 alcohols, low viscosity dioxacyclanes or 1,2-diethers.
The composition of the present invention is useful as a low temperature heat transfer fluid or as a deicing fluid. The corrosion inhibitor package described herein is effective in minimi~ing corrosion under typical conditions in such heat transfer and deicing applications. The corrosion inhibitor package employed in the present invention is particularly effective in providing protection against corrosion of ferrous metals.
In the present invention, the potassium salt of a Cl 9 carboxylic acid may contain additional substituents such as hydroxy, methoxy and nitro. The potassium salt is preferably the salt of a Cl-6 alkyl carboxylic acid or the salt of a phenyl carboxylic acid. The potassium salt of a C,-6 alkyl carboxylic acid is more preferred. Examples of potassium salts useful in this composition include potassium formate (HCO2K), potassium acetate (CH3CO2K), potassium propionate (CH3CH2CO2K), potassium lactate (CH3CH(OH)CO2K),and potassium benzoate (PhCO2K); potassium acetate, potassium lactate and potassium formate are preferred.
The relative concentration of carboxylate salt component in the composition varies depending on the presence or absence of the optional glycol component. Incompositions containing the glycol component, the carboxylate salt component preferably comprises from 10 to 90 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, the carboxylate salt component comprises from 40 to 60 weight percent prior to dilution with water. When the composition does not include a glycol component, the carboxylate salt is the primary active component of the composition.
If a glycol component is used, the glycol preferably comprises ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether or mixtures thereof.
Propylene glycol and ethylene glycol are more preferred. If a glycol component is used, the glycol component preferably comprises at least 10 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, at least 40 weight percent prior to any dilution with water. The glycol component preferably comprises no more than 90 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water; more preferably, no more than 60 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to any dilution with water.
When the glycol component is used, in addition to it, the potassium salt, and the corrosion inhibitor package, the composition of this invention may optionally include a fourth component selected from (I) Cl 6 alcohols or fluorinated C~-6 alcohols; (2) a low viscosity dioxacyclane; or (3) a 1,2-diether. Examples of such Cl 6 alcohols include 0 methanol, ethanol and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol. Examples of dioxacyclanes include 1,3-dioxolane, 1,3-dioxane and glycerol formal. Examples of 1,2-diethers include1,2-dimethyoxypropane. When used, this fourth component preferably comprises from 0 to 20 weight percent of the heat transfer fluid, prior to its dilution with water.
Turning now to the details of the corrosion inhibitor package, the corrosion inhibitor package contains:
sodium or potassium nitrite;
sodium borate pentahydrate;
tolytriazole, and, optionally, one or more of the following:
a soluble molybdate compound, a phosphonate in the range of 1 to 100 ppm active phosphonate, a soluble or dispersible zinc compound. The composition of this invention may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of the components specifically named.
All concentrations specified herein are based on the weight of the fluid, unlessotherwise indicated.
The sodium or potassium nitrite is preferably used in a concentration of at least 5,000 parts per million (ppm) by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 7,500 ppm. The sodium or potassium nitrite is preferably used in a concentration of less than 15,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 12,000 ppm.
CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 The sodium borate pentahydrate is preferably used in an concentration of at least 500 ppm by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 750 ppm. The sodium borate pentahydrate is preferably used in an concentration of less than 5,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 2,000 ppm.
s The tolytriazole is preferably used in a concentration of at least 1,000 ppm by weight of the fluid; more preferably, at least 2,000 ppm. The tolytriazole is preferably used in a concentration of less than 10,000 ppm; more preferably, less than 4,000 ppm.
The molybdate, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 1,000 to 4,000 ppm. Examples of suitable molybdate compounds include sodium molybdate andpotassium molybdate.
The phosphonate, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 1 to 100 5 ppm. Examples of suitable phosphonate compounds include hydroxyethylene diphosphonic acid or phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid.
The zinc compound, when used, is preferably used in a concentration of 0.1 percent to 0.4 percent. Examples of suitable zinc compounds include zinc acetate, zinc 20 nitrate.
The heat transfer fluid may optionally be diluted with water when the fluid is prepared or shortly prior its to use. The diluted heat transfer fluid preferably comprises from 10 to 90 weight percent water with the balance being active components, that is, the salt and 2s corrosion inhibitor package and, optionally, the glycol component and fourth component.
The heat transfer fluid can be prepared by a variety of methods. When the glycol is not used, the carboxylate salt is simply prepared in an aqueous solution using known techniques. When the optional glycol component is included, the carboxylate salt can be 30 prepared by mixing the glycol with solid potassium carboxylate, in the presence of some water, if necessary, and adding the additional optional components to obtain clear solutions.
Alternatively, the potassium carboxylate can be prepared in the glycol by reacting a CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 carboxylic acid with a potassium base, followed by the addition of any additional optional components. If desired, an aqueous solution of the potassium carboxylate can be prepared first, followed by mixing with the glycol and additional optional components.
The alkali metal carboxylate based fluid may then be admixed with a corrosion inhibitor package which comprises sodium or potassium nitrite; sodium borate pentahydrate; tolytriazole; and any optional components. The heat transfer fluids obtained typically have a pH in the range of 7.5 to 12.
0 The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting it in any way.
Example 1 A test fluid (Test Fluid A) was prepared by mixing 244 grams potassium acetate with 239 grams distilled water which was further mixed with 379 grams of "corrosive water" containing 148 ppm sodium sulfate, 165 ppm sodium chloride and 138 ppm sodium bicarbonate. This solution had a freezing point near -18~C. An inhibitor package consisting of 8.33 grams potassium nitrite (10,000 ppm), 0.83 grams sodium borate pentahydrate (1,000 ppm) and 4.20 grams of a 50 percent solution of sodium tolytriazole (2,500 ppm) was added resulting in a fluid referred to herein as Test Fluid A. The corrosive effects of this solution were evaluated using ASTM D 1384-87 Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware.
The test was repeated three times and the results averaged to obtain the corrosion rates expressed in mg/specimen. For comparison, the experiment described in this Example 1 was repeated by substituting the inhibitor package above with an inhibitor package containing:
1,000 ppm molybdate, 500 ppm nitrite, and 1,000 ppm tolyl triazole (Comparative la). The results are shown in Table 1.
A second comparative solution was prepared containing the following composition by weight: 50 percent potassium acetate, 0.2 percent potassium phosphate, 0.4 percent sodium nitrite. To this solution was added 0.2 percent tolyltriazole. The resulting solution (Comparative lb) was diluted with CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 corrosive water in an equal amount by weight to evaluate its corrosive effects. The results are shown in Table 1. Neither the fluid of Comparative l a nor the fluid of Comparative lb provide adequate protection to cast iron or to steel, whereas Test Fluid A provides adequate protection.
Table 1 Fluid SteelCast Fe Cast Al Solder Brass Copper Test Fluid A 1.0 1.8 -4.6* 63.6 4.2 2.8 Comparative 1.6 47.8 -14.0* 10.6 2.6 2.2 la Comparative 61.6 49.7 -1.0* 16.9 7.2 4.7 lb *Cast Al had a weight gain.
Example 2 0 A test fluid (Test Fluid B) was prepared by mixing 134 grams potassium acetate with 131.2 grams distilled water. A 108.7 gram portion of propylene glycol was added to this solution. The solution was further mixed with 374.8 grams of "corrosive water"
containing 148 ppm sodium sulfate, 165 ppm sodium chloride and 138 ppm sodium bicarbonate. This solution had a freezing point near -18~C. An inhibitor package as described in Test Fluid A of Example 1 was added; the resulting fluid is referred to as Test Fluid B. The corrosive effects of this solution were evaluated using ASTM D 1384-87 Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware. The test was repeated three times and the results averaged to obtain the corrosion rates expressed in mg/specimen.
For comparison, the experiment described in this Example 2 was repeated substituting an inhibitor package containing: 1,000 ppm molybdate, 500 ppm nitrite, and 1,000 ppm tolyltriazole ( Comparative 2a). Comparative fluid 2a had very high corrosion on steel.
- CA 0222031~ 1997-11-0 Another comparative fluid (Comparative 2b) was prepared as follows: To a 588.90 g portion of propylene glycol (7.74 moles) was added 450.36 g of glacial acetic acid (7.50 moles). A 918.84 g portion of 45.8 percent KOH in water (7.50 moles) was added with stirring, over a period of one hour, using a cooling bath to keep the reaction temperature s below 50~C. A water clear liquid was obtained after the acid neutralization. A 54.48 g of a 50 percent aqueous solution of K2HPO4 was added to the warm solution, followed by the addition of 9.84 g of solid Na2MoO4-2H2O. The mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour to allow the solid to dissolve completely. Then, 5.40 g of 50 percent aqueous sodium tolyltriazole was added to afford a clear, light yellow solution containing the following composition:
0 29.04 percent propylene glycol, 36.30 percent potassium acetate, 1.34 percent K2HPO4, 0.40 percent Na2MoO4, 0.13 percent sodium tolyltriazole, and 32.28 percent water. A 50 percent aqueous solution affords a pH of 9.32. The concentrate had a reserve alkalinity of 78 ml.
This fluid was evaluated using ASTM D1384-87. The concentrate was diluted with corrosive water containing 100 ppm Cl-, 100 ppm so42- and 100 ppm HCO3- to afford a solution containing 32 percent active ingredients. The corrosion rate in mg/specimen is shown in Table 2. Thus, a fluid containing phosphate, molybdate and tolyltriazole (Comparative 2b) was not as efficient in corrosion protection as nitrite, borate and tolyl triazole (Test Fluids A & B). The results of the corrosion tests are shown in Table 2 below.
Table 2 Fluid Steel Cast Fe Cast Al Solder Brass Copper Test Fluid B 3.8 28.0 -9.6* 54.0 4.2 3.0 Comparative 177.8 21.6 -16.4* 21.6 3.6 3.2 2a Comparative 3.8 40.4 -16.2* 33.0 4.2 2.8 2b *Cast Al had a weight gain.
Claims (20)
1. A composition comprising:
(a) at least one potassium salt of a C1-9 carboxylic acid; and (b) a corrosion inhibitor package comprising:
sodium or potassium nitrite;
sodium borate pentahydrate; and tolytriazole.
(a) at least one potassium salt of a C1-9 carboxylic acid; and (b) a corrosion inhibitor package comprising:
sodium or potassium nitrite;
sodium borate pentahydrate; and tolytriazole.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sodium or potassium nitrite is present in an amount of at least 5,000 parts per million (ppm).
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sodium borate pentahydrate is present in an amount of at least 500 ppm.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the tolytriazole is present in an amount of at least 1,000 ppm.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the corrosion inhibitor package further comprises:
(i) a soluble molybdate compound;
(ii) a phosphonate in the range of 1 to 100 ppm active phosphonate; or (iii) a soluble or dispersible zinc compound.
(i) a soluble molybdate compound;
(ii) a phosphonate in the range of 1 to 100 ppm active phosphonate; or (iii) a soluble or dispersible zinc compound.
6. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one glycol or glycol ether selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
7. The composition of claim 6 further comprising a fourth component wherein the fourth component is C1-6 alcohols, fluorinated C1-6 alcohols, low viscosity dioxacyclanes or 1,2-diethers.
8. The composition of Claim 6 wherein the glycol comprises propylene glycol.
9. The composition of Claim 6 wherein the glycol comprises ethylene glycol.
10. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the potassium salt is potassium formate (HCO2K), potassium acetate (CH3CO2K), potassium propionate (CH3CH2CO2K),potassium lactate (CH3CH(OH)CO2K), or potassium benzoate (PhCO2K).
11. The composition of Claim 10 wherein the potassium salt is potassium formate, potassium lactate or potassium acetate.
12. The composition of Claim 11 wherein the potassium salt comprises potassium acetate.
13. The composition of Claim 1 further comprising water.
14. A method for preparing a heat transfer fluid which comprises admixing an alkali metal carboxylate based fluid with a corrosion inhibitor package which comprises:
sodium or potassium nitrite; sodium borate pentahydrate; and a tolyltriazole.
sodium or potassium nitrite; sodium borate pentahydrate; and a tolyltriazole.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the sodium or potassium nitrite is present in an amount of 5,000 to 15,000 parts per million (ppm).
16. The method of claim 14 wherein the sodium borate pentahydrate is present in an amount of 500 to 5,000 ppm.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein the tolytriazole is present in an amount of 1,000 to 10,000 ppm.
18. The method of claim 14 further comprising admixing at least one glycol or glycol ether selected from ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, glycerol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
19. The method of claim 14 wherein the potassium salt is potassium formate (HCO2K), potassium acetate (CH3CO2K), potassium propionate (CH3CH2CO2K), potassium lactate (CH3CH(OH)CO2K), or potassium benzoate (PhCO2K).
20. The method of claim 14 further comprising admixing water.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76826096A | 1996-12-17 | 1996-12-17 | |
| US08/768,260 | 1996-12-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2220315A1 true CA2220315A1 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=25081984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2220315 Abandoned CA2220315A1 (en) | 1996-12-17 | 1997-11-05 | Heat transfer fluids containing potassium carboxylates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2220315A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001005906A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-25 | Texaco Development Corporation | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| US6239081B1 (en) * | 1998-09-05 | 2001-05-29 | Clariant Gmbh | Alkali-metal-carboxylate-containing drilling fluid having improved corrosion properties |
| EP1158036A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-28 | Texaco Development Corporation | Carboxylate salts in heat-storage applications |
| EP1594936A2 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2005-11-16 | MLI Associates | Environmentally benign anti-icing or deicing fluids |
-
1997
- 1997-11-05 CA CA 2220315 patent/CA2220315A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6239081B1 (en) * | 1998-09-05 | 2001-05-29 | Clariant Gmbh | Alkali-metal-carboxylate-containing drilling fluid having improved corrosion properties |
| WO2001005906A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-25 | Texaco Development Corporation | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| EP1087004A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-03-28 | Texaco Development Corporation | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| AU766625B2 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2003-10-23 | Texaco Development Corporation | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| US6689289B1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2004-02-10 | Texaco Inc. | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| EP1449903A3 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2008-03-19 | Texaco Development Corporation | Synergistic combinations of carboxylates for use as freezing point depressants and corrosion inhibitors in heat transfer fluids |
| EP1158036A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-28 | Texaco Development Corporation | Carboxylate salts in heat-storage applications |
| WO2001090273A3 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-05-10 | Texaco Development Corp | Carboxylate salts in heat-storage applications |
| EP1594936A2 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2005-11-16 | MLI Associates | Environmentally benign anti-icing or deicing fluids |
| EP1594936A4 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2008-04-02 | Mli Associates | Environmentally benign anti-icing or deicing fluids |
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