CA2191431A1 - Method of temporarily sealing or consolidating materials - Google Patents
Method of temporarily sealing or consolidating materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2191431A1 CA2191431A1 CA002191431A CA2191431A CA2191431A1 CA 2191431 A1 CA2191431 A1 CA 2191431A1 CA 002191431 A CA002191431 A CA 002191431A CA 2191431 A CA2191431 A CA 2191431A CA 2191431 A1 CA2191431 A1 CA 2191431A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- protective material
- cyclododecane
- materials
- substrate
- protective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
Abstract
The invention concerns a method of temporarily sealing or consolidating materials, in which the materials in question are coated or impregnated with a protective agent with a consolidating and/or sealing action. A protective agent which is volatile at room temperature or slightly higher temperatures is used. The invention also concerns the use of the protective agent in particular for temporary protection of metal parts from corrosion.
Description
METHOD FOR TEMPORARY SEALING OR BONDING OF MATERIALS
SPecification The invention relates to a method for temporary sealing or bonding of materials, wherein the materials are coated with or impregnated with a protective material having a sealing and/or bonding action.
In diverse areas of technology, there are needs for temporary means of protecting or fastening with respect to certain parts of a workpiece, e.g.
-- coating or protecting prior to a subsequent process step, or in general to prevent corrosion for a specific time interval; or -- protecting the integrity of friable materials or the like.
In the past, the problem has been approached by applying a covering coating or by using natural or synthetic adhesives.
Known protective agents have the disadvantage that when no longer needed they must be removed by special solvents or by mechanical processes. This introduces additional process steps and may subject the workpiece to deleterious influences.
In Eur. Pat. App. 149,912, microcracks in a catalyst support are sealed off by means of a melted organic compound which is allowed to solidify. The organic compound has a low vapor pressure at room temperature. Therefore, it must be removed from the catalyst support by burning off. Many materials cannot tolerate such burning without damage.
The underlying problem of the present invention is to devise a method of the general type described supra, such that the materials are less subject to damage in the course of the removal of the protective agents.
According to the invention, a protective material is used which is readily volatilized at room temperature or slightly above. Such materials have appreciable vapor pressure at room temperature, and thus can be evaporated (sublimated) within a
SPecification The invention relates to a method for temporary sealing or bonding of materials, wherein the materials are coated with or impregnated with a protective material having a sealing and/or bonding action.
In diverse areas of technology, there are needs for temporary means of protecting or fastening with respect to certain parts of a workpiece, e.g.
-- coating or protecting prior to a subsequent process step, or in general to prevent corrosion for a specific time interval; or -- protecting the integrity of friable materials or the like.
In the past, the problem has been approached by applying a covering coating or by using natural or synthetic adhesives.
Known protective agents have the disadvantage that when no longer needed they must be removed by special solvents or by mechanical processes. This introduces additional process steps and may subject the workpiece to deleterious influences.
In Eur. Pat. App. 149,912, microcracks in a catalyst support are sealed off by means of a melted organic compound which is allowed to solidify. The organic compound has a low vapor pressure at room temperature. Therefore, it must be removed from the catalyst support by burning off. Many materials cannot tolerate such burning without damage.
The underlying problem of the present invention is to devise a method of the general type described supra, such that the materials are less subject to damage in the course of the removal of the protective agents.
According to the invention, a protective material is used which is readily volatilized at room temperature or slightly above. Such materials have appreciable vapor pressure at room temperature, and thus can be evaporated (sublimated) within a
2 1 9 1 43 1 reasonably short time, without leaving a residue. This obviates any further steps to remove the protective material; and damage to the protected material is essentially avoided.
The protective material, in the molten state or as a solution or aqueous dispersion, can be applied to the workpiece, and/or can be used to bind and/or seal the workpiece material, to achieve its temporary effect. The protective material can than be removed by evaporation (sublimation) without the need to use additional solvents.
Because the protective materials are practically insoluble in water, they can be used, e.g., to render parts of a workpiece hydrophobic or to seal them, for purposes of protection against aqueous media employed in a subsequent operation which the workpiece undergoes. The protective materials may also be used to bind or render insensitive a workpiece which is friable or otherwise sensitive; or may be used as temporary support means for a workpiece undergoing various operations. The volatility of the protective material used may be varied depending on the processing to be protected against, and the duration of protection desired.
Suitable candidates for use as protective materials for the described purpose are, inter alia, camphene, camphor, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, cyclododecane, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene (i.e., 1,7,7-trimethycyclo(2.2.1.026)heptane), menthol, thymol, and diphenyl ether.
The protective material may be dissolved in a solvent before being applied. Advantageously, the solvent is more volatile than the protective material. A suitable candidate for use as such a solvent is, e.g., 2-methylbutane.
For purposes of the invention, the "volatility" of the applied protective material will be defined as the loss in thickness (from one side) of a coating comprised of the protective material in a 24 hr period at temperature 18-20C.
For camphene as the protective material, a coating of a prescribed thickness lost c. 4.72 mm thickness in 24 hr at the stated temperatures. The corresponding figure for cyclodecane was c. 0.031 mm.
Examples of possible areas of application of the invention are:
1. Restoration and conservation of art works of various types Murals can be render-~d temporarily hydrophobic to enable treatment of the surfaces with aqueous solutions.
Surfaces of art objects can be protected temporarily against soiling or other agressive influences.
Archeological artifacts may be strengthened for lending or for shipping to a workshop or laboratory, without risking complications from the temporary protective materials during the subsequent restoration ope_ations, and without subjecting the workpiece to solvents used to remove the protective materials.
The protective material may be employed, e.g., as a mold release agent in a casting mold, or as a supporting mortar, or as a protective cover for surfaces.
Example 1: Protecting sensitive articles prior to shipping:
Sensitive articles, e.g. archeological artifacts, paintings, polychrome wood sculptures, etc., can be bound with a melt or solution comprising the described protective materials.
1.1:
A painted article comprised of plaster was found at a burial site. It was desired to preserve the article along with the surrounding layer of soil. For this purpose, the region in question was heated to c. 40C with the aid of infrared lamps.
Then a melt comprising tricyclene was quickly applied. The melt, of low viscosity, readily penetrated. After cooling, it hardened to a wax-like mass. The solidified tricyclene bound the mass which it had penetrated, such that the ensemble could be safely removed from the dig site. Although it would have been possible to evaporate the protective material immediately after the protective operation, in this case it was desired to defer removal of the protective material to a later time. Accordingly, the article was packaged in air-tight packaging (polyethylene film), allowing it to be transported and stored for an arbitrarily long time. After the package was opened, the protective material was volatilized without leaving a residue, thereby leaving the find in unaltered condition. Heat could optionally be used to accelerate the volatilization.
1.2:
In a situation in which it was desired to avoid heat exposure of the region to be protected, a solution of the protective material was used. In particular, a saturated solution of a mixture of tricyclene and camphene, in pentane (alternatively, dichloromethane) as the solvent, was prepared, in particular 90 wt.% tricyclene-camphene mixture and 10 wt.%
solvent, and this was applied and poured onto to the surface of interest, using a paintbrush and pouring means. Then the solvent was allowed to evaporate for up to 10 hr. Treatment of the surface was then repeated. After a subsequent drying of c. 1 hr, the strength and coherence of the structure had increased markedly, allowing the article to be safely preserved.
.3:
Sensitive scientific samples, e.g. cylindrical core samples, can be strengthened against disintegration by prior impregnation, thereby facilitating sampling.
It was desired to take a core sample of diameter 50 mm from a mass comprised of a high-salt plaster-like material with low cohesion. A melt as described above was applied. After cooling, a core could be taken without risk of crumbling. This was particularly useful for taking a sample from the painted plaster artifact mentioned above. Alternatively, in the manner described in Example 1.2.
1.4:
Sensitive, heavily damaged painted coatings on art objects (e.g. paintings or polychrome sculptures) can be covered with felt or fabric, to provide protection for shipping. Today such art objects are often protected for shipping with the aid of Japan paper and an easily removable adhesive.
Similar protective means using cyclodoaecane were effected as follows:
The melt was sprayed onto the substrate with a hot-spray gun (supplied by Sata) at c. 65C. For optional additional protection, a second layer comprising a relatively large mesh fabric could be affixed with the aid of melt. The method was the same as described above. The duration of protection was c. 30 da per millimeter of thickness of cyclodecane ccating.
1.5:
A solution of tricyclene in 2-methylbutane can be used to provide short term protection, without application of heat. A
saturated solution of tricyclene in 2-methylbutane was prepared and was applied to a substrate by means of a paintbrush. After c. 2 min drying time, thin Japan paper was applied, and the same solution was painted onto the paper. The protective material volatilizated very quickly (c. 0.2 mm coating thickness per hour).
xample 2: Temporary binding for purposes of mechnical operations, such as mechanical cleaning:
Subsequent layers of paint or soils can be removed from weakly adhering or friable paint layers by mechanical means, with the use of a melt comprised of temporary protective means, for penetrating stabilization of the being cleaned.
It was sought to thin a hard sintered layer of weakly bound lime mortar with the aid of a powder blasting technique. The mortar was strengthened temporarily, to prevent breakage of the mortar surface during the cleaning. The requirement was for a protective material layer of c. 0.01 mm which would provide additional strength over several hours. Accordingly, cyclododecane was chosen as the protective material. The method used (among various possibly practicable methods) was as follows:
The cyclododecane melt was sprayed on with a hot-spray gun (supplied by Sata) at c. 65C. A coating of cyclododecane was formed, which was then melted in a second step, using an infrared lamp (or optionally a heated spatula). Care was taken to have the material completely absorbed by the substrate. Where necessary, residues on the surface were removed with "special boiling point gasoline". Optionally, ultrasound cleaning means were applied.
Hard sintered crusts on painted murals present a special problem. These tend to have deformations and loose segments.
For such situations, the substrate may be heated and a cyclododecane melt may be applied directly with a paintbrush or dropwise.
xample 3: Coatings to seal sensitive surfaces --mold release agents:
In order to protect a porous surface, e.g. when silicone rubber or latex mold-forming materials are applied, the surface may be coated with a layer of cyclododecane as a mold release agent.
A sandstone sculpture with a weathered surface was to have a mold taken from it with the use of silicone rubber mold-forming material. A solution of cyclododecane in 2-methylbutane (see supra) was applied as an intermediate layer. The saturated solution was applied with a paintbrush. The solvent was evaporated prior to the mold formation.
Example 4: Sealing a porous substrate and rendering it hydrophobic, to protect it when employing chemical cleaning processes:
Volatile hydrophobizing agents are particularly useful for temporary sealing of porous substrates, such as natural stone or mortar. When aqueous cleaning agent solutions are to be used on surfaces of wall murals, sealing agents can be used to prevent entry of harmful materials into the pore structure.
The requirement was for a protective material of c. O.01 mm which would be effective over several hours. Accordingly, cyclododecane was chosen as the protective material. The method used (among various possibly practicable methods) was as follows:
A saturated solution of cyclododecane in 2-methylbutane was prepared and was applied to the substrate with a paintbrush.
After a drying time of c. 1 hr, the excess was removed from the surface, using the solvent. Then pressure cleaning using aqueous solutions was carried out; during the cleaning, water could not penetrate into the pores.
ExamPle 5: Use of a volatile protective material without fillers or the like, for sealing cracks:
Injected mortars are often used for preservation of murals and stone sculptures. In order to prevent soiling of the historical surfaces by these injected materials (and associated adhesives), cracks and broken edges need to be sealed. Wax-like protective materials are particularly suited for such sealing.
Tricyclene or cyclododecane may be used in molten form, with application to the cracks by means of a paintbrush. In some cases it has proved advantageous to thin cyclododecane with special boiling point (SBP) gasoline in the amount of 50%. When patching masonry and the ~ike by pressure injection of mortar, application of a smooth coating comprising cyclododecane has proved advantageous. The coating protects the surfaces against emerging suspension. The cyclododecane is applied as a melt using an airless heated application device. Soils may be removed by direct washing, or are removed automatically when the protective coating is volatilizated.
Example 6: Binders for supporting-mortars:
Volatile binders can be used in producing a wide variety of supporting and protective mortars. Fibrous additives may be used if the melt is suitably thickened with highly disperse silicic acid (Aerosil). Examples of additive masses are: Nylon fibers, glass fibers, sand, hollow glass spheres, etc. The method is as follows:
Dichloromethane as a thinner in the amount of c. 10% is incorporated in a tricyclene melt. Aerosil is added until a pasty consistency is attained. Then the additive masses (fillers) are added until a mortar-like consistency is attained.
The mixture can be used as a supporting mortar for plaster coatings which need repair or protection. After a suitable volatilization time (c. 5 mm layer thickness in 24 hr), the binding character of the binder of the supporting mortar is eliminated.
2. Use in the construction industry, as a "liquid coating film"
Particularly in the case of refurbishing and repair operations on existing structures, surfaces which it is desired to preserve may be coated for protection against water and a wide variety of soils.
Protective materials may be used to seal surfaces of natural stone, wood, glass, metal, etc., to protect them during plastering, painting, and similar operations. The method is particularly advantageous for surface areas which are not easily protected with adhesively bonded films according to known methods.
ExamPle 1:
Cyclododecane may be applied as a melt at 80c by spraying The cyclododecane is heated in the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun (or a heatable airless apparatus provided by the firm Wilhelm Wagner), and at c. 90C is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface should be c. 10 cm.
ExamPle 2:
Cyclododecane may be applied as an aqueous dispersion. The dispersion may be applied with a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun. The substrate surface is coated with the dispersion.
After film formation, the surface is protected against waterborne soils. However, soils which may accumulate should be removed before the protective material is removed. This may be accomplished by dry brushing or water washing.
The protective material, in the molten state or as a solution or aqueous dispersion, can be applied to the workpiece, and/or can be used to bind and/or seal the workpiece material, to achieve its temporary effect. The protective material can than be removed by evaporation (sublimation) without the need to use additional solvents.
Because the protective materials are practically insoluble in water, they can be used, e.g., to render parts of a workpiece hydrophobic or to seal them, for purposes of protection against aqueous media employed in a subsequent operation which the workpiece undergoes. The protective materials may also be used to bind or render insensitive a workpiece which is friable or otherwise sensitive; or may be used as temporary support means for a workpiece undergoing various operations. The volatility of the protective material used may be varied depending on the processing to be protected against, and the duration of protection desired.
Suitable candidates for use as protective materials for the described purpose are, inter alia, camphene, camphor, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, cyclododecane, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene (i.e., 1,7,7-trimethycyclo(2.2.1.026)heptane), menthol, thymol, and diphenyl ether.
The protective material may be dissolved in a solvent before being applied. Advantageously, the solvent is more volatile than the protective material. A suitable candidate for use as such a solvent is, e.g., 2-methylbutane.
For purposes of the invention, the "volatility" of the applied protective material will be defined as the loss in thickness (from one side) of a coating comprised of the protective material in a 24 hr period at temperature 18-20C.
For camphene as the protective material, a coating of a prescribed thickness lost c. 4.72 mm thickness in 24 hr at the stated temperatures. The corresponding figure for cyclodecane was c. 0.031 mm.
Examples of possible areas of application of the invention are:
1. Restoration and conservation of art works of various types Murals can be render-~d temporarily hydrophobic to enable treatment of the surfaces with aqueous solutions.
Surfaces of art objects can be protected temporarily against soiling or other agressive influences.
Archeological artifacts may be strengthened for lending or for shipping to a workshop or laboratory, without risking complications from the temporary protective materials during the subsequent restoration ope_ations, and without subjecting the workpiece to solvents used to remove the protective materials.
The protective material may be employed, e.g., as a mold release agent in a casting mold, or as a supporting mortar, or as a protective cover for surfaces.
Example 1: Protecting sensitive articles prior to shipping:
Sensitive articles, e.g. archeological artifacts, paintings, polychrome wood sculptures, etc., can be bound with a melt or solution comprising the described protective materials.
1.1:
A painted article comprised of plaster was found at a burial site. It was desired to preserve the article along with the surrounding layer of soil. For this purpose, the region in question was heated to c. 40C with the aid of infrared lamps.
Then a melt comprising tricyclene was quickly applied. The melt, of low viscosity, readily penetrated. After cooling, it hardened to a wax-like mass. The solidified tricyclene bound the mass which it had penetrated, such that the ensemble could be safely removed from the dig site. Although it would have been possible to evaporate the protective material immediately after the protective operation, in this case it was desired to defer removal of the protective material to a later time. Accordingly, the article was packaged in air-tight packaging (polyethylene film), allowing it to be transported and stored for an arbitrarily long time. After the package was opened, the protective material was volatilized without leaving a residue, thereby leaving the find in unaltered condition. Heat could optionally be used to accelerate the volatilization.
1.2:
In a situation in which it was desired to avoid heat exposure of the region to be protected, a solution of the protective material was used. In particular, a saturated solution of a mixture of tricyclene and camphene, in pentane (alternatively, dichloromethane) as the solvent, was prepared, in particular 90 wt.% tricyclene-camphene mixture and 10 wt.%
solvent, and this was applied and poured onto to the surface of interest, using a paintbrush and pouring means. Then the solvent was allowed to evaporate for up to 10 hr. Treatment of the surface was then repeated. After a subsequent drying of c. 1 hr, the strength and coherence of the structure had increased markedly, allowing the article to be safely preserved.
.3:
Sensitive scientific samples, e.g. cylindrical core samples, can be strengthened against disintegration by prior impregnation, thereby facilitating sampling.
It was desired to take a core sample of diameter 50 mm from a mass comprised of a high-salt plaster-like material with low cohesion. A melt as described above was applied. After cooling, a core could be taken without risk of crumbling. This was particularly useful for taking a sample from the painted plaster artifact mentioned above. Alternatively, in the manner described in Example 1.2.
1.4:
Sensitive, heavily damaged painted coatings on art objects (e.g. paintings or polychrome sculptures) can be covered with felt or fabric, to provide protection for shipping. Today such art objects are often protected for shipping with the aid of Japan paper and an easily removable adhesive.
Similar protective means using cyclodoaecane were effected as follows:
The melt was sprayed onto the substrate with a hot-spray gun (supplied by Sata) at c. 65C. For optional additional protection, a second layer comprising a relatively large mesh fabric could be affixed with the aid of melt. The method was the same as described above. The duration of protection was c. 30 da per millimeter of thickness of cyclodecane ccating.
1.5:
A solution of tricyclene in 2-methylbutane can be used to provide short term protection, without application of heat. A
saturated solution of tricyclene in 2-methylbutane was prepared and was applied to a substrate by means of a paintbrush. After c. 2 min drying time, thin Japan paper was applied, and the same solution was painted onto the paper. The protective material volatilizated very quickly (c. 0.2 mm coating thickness per hour).
xample 2: Temporary binding for purposes of mechnical operations, such as mechanical cleaning:
Subsequent layers of paint or soils can be removed from weakly adhering or friable paint layers by mechanical means, with the use of a melt comprised of temporary protective means, for penetrating stabilization of the being cleaned.
It was sought to thin a hard sintered layer of weakly bound lime mortar with the aid of a powder blasting technique. The mortar was strengthened temporarily, to prevent breakage of the mortar surface during the cleaning. The requirement was for a protective material layer of c. 0.01 mm which would provide additional strength over several hours. Accordingly, cyclododecane was chosen as the protective material. The method used (among various possibly practicable methods) was as follows:
The cyclododecane melt was sprayed on with a hot-spray gun (supplied by Sata) at c. 65C. A coating of cyclododecane was formed, which was then melted in a second step, using an infrared lamp (or optionally a heated spatula). Care was taken to have the material completely absorbed by the substrate. Where necessary, residues on the surface were removed with "special boiling point gasoline". Optionally, ultrasound cleaning means were applied.
Hard sintered crusts on painted murals present a special problem. These tend to have deformations and loose segments.
For such situations, the substrate may be heated and a cyclododecane melt may be applied directly with a paintbrush or dropwise.
xample 3: Coatings to seal sensitive surfaces --mold release agents:
In order to protect a porous surface, e.g. when silicone rubber or latex mold-forming materials are applied, the surface may be coated with a layer of cyclododecane as a mold release agent.
A sandstone sculpture with a weathered surface was to have a mold taken from it with the use of silicone rubber mold-forming material. A solution of cyclododecane in 2-methylbutane (see supra) was applied as an intermediate layer. The saturated solution was applied with a paintbrush. The solvent was evaporated prior to the mold formation.
Example 4: Sealing a porous substrate and rendering it hydrophobic, to protect it when employing chemical cleaning processes:
Volatile hydrophobizing agents are particularly useful for temporary sealing of porous substrates, such as natural stone or mortar. When aqueous cleaning agent solutions are to be used on surfaces of wall murals, sealing agents can be used to prevent entry of harmful materials into the pore structure.
The requirement was for a protective material of c. O.01 mm which would be effective over several hours. Accordingly, cyclododecane was chosen as the protective material. The method used (among various possibly practicable methods) was as follows:
A saturated solution of cyclododecane in 2-methylbutane was prepared and was applied to the substrate with a paintbrush.
After a drying time of c. 1 hr, the excess was removed from the surface, using the solvent. Then pressure cleaning using aqueous solutions was carried out; during the cleaning, water could not penetrate into the pores.
ExamPle 5: Use of a volatile protective material without fillers or the like, for sealing cracks:
Injected mortars are often used for preservation of murals and stone sculptures. In order to prevent soiling of the historical surfaces by these injected materials (and associated adhesives), cracks and broken edges need to be sealed. Wax-like protective materials are particularly suited for such sealing.
Tricyclene or cyclododecane may be used in molten form, with application to the cracks by means of a paintbrush. In some cases it has proved advantageous to thin cyclododecane with special boiling point (SBP) gasoline in the amount of 50%. When patching masonry and the ~ike by pressure injection of mortar, application of a smooth coating comprising cyclododecane has proved advantageous. The coating protects the surfaces against emerging suspension. The cyclododecane is applied as a melt using an airless heated application device. Soils may be removed by direct washing, or are removed automatically when the protective coating is volatilizated.
Example 6: Binders for supporting-mortars:
Volatile binders can be used in producing a wide variety of supporting and protective mortars. Fibrous additives may be used if the melt is suitably thickened with highly disperse silicic acid (Aerosil). Examples of additive masses are: Nylon fibers, glass fibers, sand, hollow glass spheres, etc. The method is as follows:
Dichloromethane as a thinner in the amount of c. 10% is incorporated in a tricyclene melt. Aerosil is added until a pasty consistency is attained. Then the additive masses (fillers) are added until a mortar-like consistency is attained.
The mixture can be used as a supporting mortar for plaster coatings which need repair or protection. After a suitable volatilization time (c. 5 mm layer thickness in 24 hr), the binding character of the binder of the supporting mortar is eliminated.
2. Use in the construction industry, as a "liquid coating film"
Particularly in the case of refurbishing and repair operations on existing structures, surfaces which it is desired to preserve may be coated for protection against water and a wide variety of soils.
Protective materials may be used to seal surfaces of natural stone, wood, glass, metal, etc., to protect them during plastering, painting, and similar operations. The method is particularly advantageous for surface areas which are not easily protected with adhesively bonded films according to known methods.
ExamPle 1:
Cyclododecane may be applied as a melt at 80c by spraying The cyclododecane is heated in the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun (or a heatable airless apparatus provided by the firm Wilhelm Wagner), and at c. 90C is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface should be c. 10 cm.
ExamPle 2:
Cyclododecane may be applied as an aqueous dispersion. The dispersion may be applied with a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun. The substrate surface is coated with the dispersion.
After film formation, the surface is protected against waterborne soils. However, soils which may accumulate should be removed before the protective material is removed. This may be accomplished by dry brushing or water washing.
3. Use in the construction industry as a release agent for concrete forms:
In producing visible (e.g. decorative) architectural concrete surfaces which are subsequently to be painted, it is important that any release agent used for the concrete forms not leave a residue. Cyclododecane satisfies this requirement.
Example 1:
Cyclododecane may be applied as a melt at 80C, by spraying.
The cyclododecane may be heated to c. 90C in a water bath or other heatable reservoir having a temperature regulator.
The cyclododecane may be charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun (or a heatable airless apparatus provided by the firm Wilhelm Wagner), and sprayed at c. 90C onto the surface of the concrete form, using compressed air at 2 bar.
The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface should be c. 10 cm, so that the spray is not excessively cooled.
Example 2:
Cyclododecane is applied to the concrete form as an aqueous dispersion, using a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun.
In producing visible (e.g. decorative) architectural concrete surfaces which are subsequently to be painted, it is important that any release agent used for the concrete forms not leave a residue. Cyclododecane satisfies this requirement.
Example 1:
Cyclododecane may be applied as a melt at 80C, by spraying.
The cyclododecane may be heated to c. 90C in a water bath or other heatable reservoir having a temperature regulator.
The cyclododecane may be charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun (or a heatable airless apparatus provided by the firm Wilhelm Wagner), and sprayed at c. 90C onto the surface of the concrete form, using compressed air at 2 bar.
The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface should be c. 10 cm, so that the spray is not excessively cooled.
Example 2:
Cyclododecane is applied to the concrete form as an aqueous dispersion, using a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun.
4. Use in the metals processing sector, to protect aqainst corrosion and aggressive agents:
A coating comprised of protective materials may be used to temporarily protect metal surfaces against corrosion. In particular, when metal articles are being shipped which should not be painted with anticorrosion paint, it is useful to have a completely reversible coating methcd which does not require solvents to remove the coating. If it is desired to remove the coating at a rate which is accelerated compared with natural sublimation, this may be accomplished with hot water at 80-90C.
Since cyclododecane has a lower density than water, the protective material which is washed away can be recovered mechanically after the wash water is cooled, and can be re-used.
ExamPle 1:
It was desired to protect an unpainted degreased steel plate temporarily against corrosion. For this purpose, it was coated with cyclododecane in a hot-spray process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 9oC in a water bath. The cyclododecane was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto the surface of the steel plate, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm.
1 . 1 :
To protect an unpainted degreased steel plate temporarily against corrosion, it was coated with cyclododecane in a dipping process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 80C in an electrically heated container.
The steel plate was rested on a mesh support and dipped c. 2 sec in the melt.
After cooling to room temperature, the plate bore a uniform coating of cyclododecane.
ExamPle 2:
It was desired to temporarily protect an unpainted body part of an automobile against soiling by bird droppings. For this purpose, the part was coated with cyclododecane in a hot-spray process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 90C in a water bath. The cyclododecane was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto the surface of the metal part, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm.
After 14 da, the coating remaining was washed off with water at c. 80C.
The mixture of wash water and cyclododecane which resulted was cooled to a temperature below 55C. Cyclododecane floating on the surface had hardened to form small flakes, enabling it to be separated from the water using a fine screen of mesh 0.25 mm.
A coating comprised of protective materials may be used to temporarily protect metal surfaces against corrosion. In particular, when metal articles are being shipped which should not be painted with anticorrosion paint, it is useful to have a completely reversible coating methcd which does not require solvents to remove the coating. If it is desired to remove the coating at a rate which is accelerated compared with natural sublimation, this may be accomplished with hot water at 80-90C.
Since cyclododecane has a lower density than water, the protective material which is washed away can be recovered mechanically after the wash water is cooled, and can be re-used.
ExamPle 1:
It was desired to protect an unpainted degreased steel plate temporarily against corrosion. For this purpose, it was coated with cyclododecane in a hot-spray process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 9oC in a water bath. The cyclododecane was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto the surface of the steel plate, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm.
1 . 1 :
To protect an unpainted degreased steel plate temporarily against corrosion, it was coated with cyclododecane in a dipping process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 80C in an electrically heated container.
The steel plate was rested on a mesh support and dipped c. 2 sec in the melt.
After cooling to room temperature, the plate bore a uniform coating of cyclododecane.
ExamPle 2:
It was desired to temporarily protect an unpainted body part of an automobile against soiling by bird droppings. For this purpose, the part was coated with cyclododecane in a hot-spray process.
The cyclododecane was heated to c. 90C in a water bath. The cyclododecane was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto the surface of the metal part, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm.
After 14 da, the coating remaining was washed off with water at c. 80C.
The mixture of wash water and cyclododecane which resulted was cooled to a temperature below 55C. Cyclododecane floating on the surface had hardened to form small flakes, enabling it to be separated from the water using a fine screen of mesh 0.25 mm.
5. Use in theater and film scenery, and in advertisinq, etc.:
A snow-like mass can be created by spraying hot cyclododecane melt which does not strike a substrate surface.
This mass can be used as imitation snow or the like for several days, for decorative or scenic purposes. It undergoes sublimation without leaving a residue, avoiding costly cleanup.
When hot cyclododecane melt is sprayed onto a plate, board, wall, or the like, and cooled, a white cyclododecane film is produced. This allows production of white markings or writing on a dark background; after a period, the white cyclododecane volatilizes, automatically erasing the markings or writing. This affords numerous opportunities for advertising, allowing temporary texts or images to be applied on top of more lasting displays. The duration of the overlay (on the order of days) depends on the thickness of the cyclododecane coating sprayed on.
The sublimation of the cyclododecane leaves no residue.
Spraying-on of a hot menthol melt provides similar results, except that menthol volatilizes much faster than cyclododecane.
Particularly in sunlight, menthol markings will be very short-lived.
Example 1:
Solid cyclododecane was heated to c. soC in a water bath.
The resulting cyclododecane melt was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto a substrate surface, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm. A
white coating was produced on the substrate, which coating could be used for decoration. With the use of suitable spray nozzles, the coating can be applied in the form of writing or other graphic. The duration of the overlay depends on the thickness of the solid cyclododecane coating. The sublimation of the cyclododecane over a period of days leaves no residue.
Example 2:
An aqueous suspension of solid cyclododecane can be formed with the use of, e.g., customary wetting agents and dispersants of the type used in forming dispersions of waxes in water. After the dispersion is formed, the covering power of the white dispersion can be increased by adding solid cyclododecane as follows:
Solid cyclododecane ground to a powder with particle sizes S 0.063 mm may be added to the dispersion in a proportion of 1:1 by volume.
Cyclododecane powder with particle sizes ~ 0.020 mm can be produced by atomization in a hot-spray process as described supra and introduced directly to the dispersion in a proportion of 1:1 by volume.
The ground or atomized cyclododecane component of the dispersion remains in the dispersion as solid particles which increase the covering power of the white coating produced when the dispersion is applied to a substrate with, e.g., a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun.
Instead of adding ground or atomized cyclododecane to the dispersion, one may add a pigment or other colorant of comparable fine particle size, wherewith the cyclododecane present in the dispersion serves as a volatile binder for the added pigment or colorant, over the selected background.
A snow-like mass can be created by spraying hot cyclododecane melt which does not strike a substrate surface.
This mass can be used as imitation snow or the like for several days, for decorative or scenic purposes. It undergoes sublimation without leaving a residue, avoiding costly cleanup.
When hot cyclododecane melt is sprayed onto a plate, board, wall, or the like, and cooled, a white cyclododecane film is produced. This allows production of white markings or writing on a dark background; after a period, the white cyclododecane volatilizes, automatically erasing the markings or writing. This affords numerous opportunities for advertising, allowing temporary texts or images to be applied on top of more lasting displays. The duration of the overlay (on the order of days) depends on the thickness of the cyclododecane coating sprayed on.
The sublimation of the cyclododecane leaves no residue.
Spraying-on of a hot menthol melt provides similar results, except that menthol volatilizes much faster than cyclododecane.
Particularly in sunlight, menthol markings will be very short-lived.
Example 1:
Solid cyclododecane was heated to c. soC in a water bath.
The resulting cyclododecane melt was charged to the heatable reservoir of a Sata hot-spray gun and at c. 90C was sprayed onto a substrate surface, using compressed air at 2 bar. The distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface was c. 10 cm. A
white coating was produced on the substrate, which coating could be used for decoration. With the use of suitable spray nozzles, the coating can be applied in the form of writing or other graphic. The duration of the overlay depends on the thickness of the solid cyclododecane coating. The sublimation of the cyclododecane over a period of days leaves no residue.
Example 2:
An aqueous suspension of solid cyclododecane can be formed with the use of, e.g., customary wetting agents and dispersants of the type used in forming dispersions of waxes in water. After the dispersion is formed, the covering power of the white dispersion can be increased by adding solid cyclododecane as follows:
Solid cyclododecane ground to a powder with particle sizes S 0.063 mm may be added to the dispersion in a proportion of 1:1 by volume.
Cyclododecane powder with particle sizes ~ 0.020 mm can be produced by atomization in a hot-spray process as described supra and introduced directly to the dispersion in a proportion of 1:1 by volume.
The ground or atomized cyclododecane component of the dispersion remains in the dispersion as solid particles which increase the covering power of the white coating produced when the dispersion is applied to a substrate with, e.g., a paintbrush, paint roller, or spray gun.
Instead of adding ground or atomized cyclododecane to the dispersion, one may add a pigment or other colorant of comparable fine particle size, wherewith the cyclododecane present in the dispersion serves as a volatile binder for the added pigment or colorant, over the selected background.
6. Use in dYeing Processes:
In dyeing textiles, leather, etc, and in the batik method, the described protective materials may be used.
Thus, one may partially mask textiles with cyclododecane or camphene, so that no dye is taken up by the masked regions when the textiles are subjected to dyeing in aqueous media. The technique may be used to produce artistic images or decorative effects on textiles or other materials. The known technique of masking with a wax requires subsequent application of solvents or heat to remove the masking agent. Not only is this deleterious to the environment but it may be detrimental to the substrate material.
The cyclododecane may be applied as a melt (e.g. to cotton or linen, etc.) or in dissolved form in the case of a temperature-sensitive substrate such as silk.
The method may also be used in the case of stain- or spot removal over part of a surface, wherewith a protective material such as cyclododecane is used to mask the area surrounding the stain or spot to protect said area during a removal process employing, e.g., aqueous removal media.
In dyeing textiles, leather, etc, and in the batik method, the described protective materials may be used.
Thus, one may partially mask textiles with cyclododecane or camphene, so that no dye is taken up by the masked regions when the textiles are subjected to dyeing in aqueous media. The technique may be used to produce artistic images or decorative effects on textiles or other materials. The known technique of masking with a wax requires subsequent application of solvents or heat to remove the masking agent. Not only is this deleterious to the environment but it may be detrimental to the substrate material.
The cyclododecane may be applied as a melt (e.g. to cotton or linen, etc.) or in dissolved form in the case of a temperature-sensitive substrate such as silk.
The method may also be used in the case of stain- or spot removal over part of a surface, wherewith a protective material such as cyclododecane is used to mask the area surrounding the stain or spot to protect said area during a removal process employing, e.g., aqueous removal media.
Claims (15)
1. A method for temporary sealing or bonding of materials, wherein the materials (substrate) are coated with or impregnated with a protective material having a sealing and/or bonding action; characterized in that a protective material is introduced which is easily volatilized at room temperature or slightly above room temperature.
2. A method according to claim 1; characterized in that protective materials are used which have melting points in the range 20 to c. 200 oC.
3. A method according to one of the preceding claims;
characterized in that, in order to prolong the bonding effect, the materials are temporarily packaged in airtight packaging after the protective material is introduced.
characterized in that, in order to prolong the bonding effect, the materials are temporarily packaged in airtight packaging after the protective material is introduced.
4. A method according to one of the preceding claims;
characterized in that the protective material is applied to the substrate when the protective material is in the form of a hot melt.
characterized in that the protective material is applied to the substrate when the protective material is in the form of a hot melt.
5. A method according to one of the preceding claims;
characterized in that the protective material is thinned with a volatile solvent before being applied to the substrate.
characterized in that the protective material is thinned with a volatile solvent before being applied to the substrate.
6. A method according to one or more of the preceding claims;
characterized in that the protective material is applied to the substrate when the protective material is in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
characterized in that the protective material is applied to the substrate when the protective material is in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
7. A method according to one of the preceding claims;
characterized in that the protective material comprises camphene, camphor, cyclododecane, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene, menthol, thymol, or diphenyl ether.
characterized in that the protective material comprises camphene, camphor, cyclododecane, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene, menthol, thymol, or diphenyl ether.
8. A method according to one or more of the preceding claims;
characterized in that a solvent is selected which is more volatile than the protective material.
characterized in that a solvent is selected which is more volatile than the protective material.
9. Use of a protective material selected from the group of camphene, camphor, cyclododecane, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene, menthol, thymol, diphenyl ether, and mixtures of these, for temporary sealing or bonding of materials.
10. Use of a protective material selected from the group of camphene, camphor, cyclododecane, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene, menthol, thymol, diphenyl ether, and mixtures of these, for temporary corrosion-protection of metal articles.
11. Use of a protective material selected from the group of camphene, camphor, cyclododecane, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, neopentyl alcohol, tricyclene, menthol, thymol, diphenyl ether, and mixtures of these, for temporary masking of textiles in processes of dyeing or cleaning of said textiles.
12. Use according to one of claims 9 to 11; characterized in that the protective material is dissolved in a volatile solvent.
13. Use according to one of claims 9 to 11; characterized in that the protective material is dispersed in an aqueous medium.
14. Use of cyclododecane, menthol, or other material volatile at room temperature, to produce a temporarily visible coating on a substrate.
15. Use according to claim 14; characterized in that an aqueous dispersion of cyclododecane is employed, to which ground or atomized cyclododecane or a fine particulate pigment is added.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19511340.3 | 1995-03-28 | ||
| DE19511340A DE19511340C1 (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1995-03-28 | Process for temporarily sealing or solidifying materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2191431A1 true CA2191431A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
Family
ID=7757953
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002191431A Abandoned CA2191431A1 (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-28 | Method of temporarily sealing or consolidating materials |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0764193B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE210173T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5274796A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2191431A1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE19511340C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2169232T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996030457A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160220480A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Intelgenx Corp. | Oral dosage film exhibiting enhanced mucosal penetration |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009044645A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-26 | Fachhochschule Bielefeld | Method for producing at least one cavity in a microelectronic and / or micromechanical structure and sensor or actuator having such a cavity |
| DE102011018427B4 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2017-11-23 | Reiner Neubauer | Method and device for decontaminating treated with health-endangering wood preservatives and / or odorous substances art and cultural objects |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4348306A (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1982-09-07 | White Chemical Corporation | Flame retardants |
| ZA774669B (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1978-06-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Bioabsorbable coating for satures |
| JPS54147144A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1979-11-17 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Sublimable rust inhibitor |
| US4532228A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1985-07-30 | Corning Glass Works | Treatment of monolithic catalyst supports |
| CH665216A5 (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1988-04-29 | Sandoz Ag | 2,2,6,6-TETRAALKYLPIPERIDINE STABILIZERS. |
-
1995
- 1995-03-28 DE DE19511340A patent/DE19511340C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-28 AU AU52747/96A patent/AU5274796A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-28 EP EP96909136A patent/EP0764193B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-28 AT AT96909136T patent/ATE210173T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-28 WO PCT/EP1996/001350 patent/WO1996030457A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-28 ES ES96909136T patent/ES2169232T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-28 DE DE59608349T patent/DE59608349D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-28 DE DE19680190T patent/DE19680190D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-28 CA CA002191431A patent/CA2191431A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160220480A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Intelgenx Corp. | Oral dosage film exhibiting enhanced mucosal penetration |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1996030457A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
| DE19511340C1 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| DE59608349D1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| DE19680190D2 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
| AU5274796A (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| ES2169232T3 (en) | 2002-07-01 |
| ATE210173T1 (en) | 2001-12-15 |
| EP0764193B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
| EP0764193A1 (en) | 1997-03-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |