CA2188969A1 - Pressing the web to the dryer in a dryer section - Google Patents
Pressing the web to the dryer in a dryer sectionInfo
- Publication number
- CA2188969A1 CA2188969A1 CA002188969A CA2188969A CA2188969A1 CA 2188969 A1 CA2188969 A1 CA 2188969A1 CA 002188969 A CA002188969 A CA 002188969A CA 2188969 A CA2188969 A CA 2188969A CA 2188969 A1 CA2188969 A1 CA 2188969A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- dryer section
- pressing
- pressure
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/06—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path
- F26B13/08—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path using rollers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F3/02—Wet presses
- D21F3/0281—Wet presses in combination with a dryer roll
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/02—Drying on cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
- F26B13/14—Rollers, drums, cylinders; Arrangement of drives, supports, bearings, cleaning
- F26B13/18—Rollers, drums, cylinders; Arrangement of drives, supports, bearings, cleaning heated or cooled, e.g. from inside, the material being dried on the outside surface by conduction
Abstract
The dryer section of a machine for manufacturing a paper web includes at least one and more usually a plurality of heatable drying cylinders, each of which is wrapped over a part of its circumferential surface by the web of material to be dried.
A support belt is guided by guide rolls to wrap over a part of the circumference of each of the drying cylinders and over the web. A pressing device presses against the support belt to press the web of material against the drying cylinder. That pressing device may comprise a pressure box outside the support belt to which air or steam pressure is applied. The pressure box may include several zones either along the web path or transverse to the web path permitting different pressures to be applied. The pressing device may alternately comprise a plurality of pressing rolls extendingtransversely to the web axis and parallel to the drying cylinder axis and being biased against the support belt, e.g., by Springs, and supported on a support which moves the pressing rolls toward the support belt.
A support belt is guided by guide rolls to wrap over a part of the circumference of each of the drying cylinders and over the web. A pressing device presses against the support belt to press the web of material against the drying cylinder. That pressing device may comprise a pressure box outside the support belt to which air or steam pressure is applied. The pressure box may include several zones either along the web path or transverse to the web path permitting different pressures to be applied. The pressing device may alternately comprise a plurality of pressing rolls extendingtransversely to the web axis and parallel to the drying cylinder axis and being biased against the support belt, e.g., by Springs, and supported on a support which moves the pressing rolls toward the support belt.
Description
21 8896~
PRESSING THE WEB TO l~ DRYER IN A DRYER SECTION
This is a cn~ ;on-in-part of A~li~qtinn No. 08/707,195, filed August 20, 1996.
The plcsenl invention relates to a dryer section of a n~ hinP for the mqnuf~ctllre of a web of m~riql, particularly paper, and particularly relates to a device which presses the web to be dried against the surface of the drying cylinder.
Dryer sections of this type are known. One frequent problem is that the drying cont~ct bc;~ the web of mqtPriql and the surface of the drying cylinder is not sllffi~ i~nt in order for the energy present in the drying cylinder to be optimally .~n~....;u~~ to the paper web which is to be dried.
An ill ;ldSc in the drying contact can be o~inPd by applying a greater initial tension to a web support belt, which is like a dryer felt, and is conduct~Pd, logelll~l with the web of n~qteriql, around the drying cylinders. This is possible only with 15 ap~ pl~t~ a~lju~l~nl of the structural parts which participate in guiding the support belt, for inctqnoe by providing larger guide roll and drying cylinder bPqring~. The initial stress is furth(-.. o.~ limited by the .. -~;.. load bearing capacity of the support belt.
It is therefore ~,n object of the present invention to provide a dryer section which does not have the folegoing disadv. ntages and which p~lllils pressing of the web against the .;~lind~s without stressing the support belt or its guitl-qnce elPmPnt~.
The pressing device of the invention presses the web of mqt.oriql against the drying cylinder for achieving a better transfer of heat.
In a prer~.Y~ embodiment of the dryer section~ the pressing device is developed to apply dirr~nt p~S~Ul~S at different l~c~ions over the cir~;ulllf~lcllce of the drying cylinder. Dirr~nt pl~s~un,s may be applied along the circumferenceand/or tl~u S~l~l~ to the axis of the dryer by applying r~,s~clive ~1~t~, p~lhaps dirr~l~nt ~l~SSUl~S at dirr~nt zones of the circumference. This enables the drying behavior to be adjusted in a particularly ~.lsiliv,; fq~hinn.
In one pler~llcd embolimpnt of the dryer ~tion~ the pressing device is developed as a plcssulc; box. Such an e.~ nt can be used at r~vol~ble cost since air under pl~,S~ , iS in any event available for controlling the gui~lqn-~e of the web Of mqt~riql, and this air can be cQn~uct~ into the pl~ box.
In one particularly pfcre~lcd e~mk)~liment~ the l)les~ c box has zones, known as pl~lC C'~ by which dirr~n~ pr~ssul~S can be applied in the direction of web travel and/or transverse to the dire. tion of web travel. The heat transfer to the web of m~~iql can Illc~crOl'c be controlled not only around the circumference of the drying cylinder but also over its length.
In a dryer sec~on which typically has several drying cylinders, several drying ~;ylilldcl~ of the dryer section are provided with pressing devices which are developed as p ~s~u-c boxes. The pl~cs~ boxes may be constructed in identi-~ql lllalmcr and they may have zones which can a~ply ~livc di~rclcl~ c levels. The dryer section can be developed in a particularly simple manner if the same, i.e.
c~llc~l dingly locqt~d, zones of dirrcrc~t p~cs~ e boxes on different cylinders are acted on with the same l~ tive ~ ~s.
In yet another p,~f~,~d e~mbo~iment of the dryer s~tion~ the p~s;,.l-e zones of different ples~ rc boxes can be controlled ~ e1y so that dirr~Gllt p,~si,u,c levels can be est~ h~d evclywl~clc. In one such c ..bo~ n~, the pressing upon the web of m~ l can be adjusted in a particularly sensilive manner over several drying cylinders.
In a second p~rc,,cd embodiment of the dryer s~tion~ the pressing device cc....~ s several pl~lg rolls which press upon the support belt for the web. Thecentral axes of these rolls are ~ eed substantially parallel to each other and preferably parallel to the axis of rotation of the dry-ing cylinder, as well as on an ;...~in~y arcuate line. This development has the advantage that the pressing device 25 assures an il~cr~d pl~i~llC without feeding in eY~Prn~l energy. The pl~iSSUlc rolls may be su~ollcd in a support device that may be adjustable to apply the rolls against the support belt and may ~lhaps be el~ti~lly biased toward that belt.
Other realur~s and advantages of the present invention will become ap~alent from the following de~~ lion of the invention which refers to the accolll~?~ly"lg 30 drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a basic s~l-e ..~l;~ fl;~." showing the function of a pressing device developed as a pl~Si,ulc box;
21 8896~
Fig. 2 is a .liqg,~"",~t;c view of the end of a first e~l~bodilllelll of a dryeri~ n;
Fig. 3 is a ~l;ag.d~ ic view of the end of a second emlw~iment of a dryer section;
Fig. 4 is a basic ~li~r~qm ~.lJl~inine the function of a pressing device having several pressing rolls;
Fig. S is a basic ~li~r-dm of a modifiPd embo~ t of a pressing device having pressing rolls;
Fig. 6 is a ~ w~g the p~ s prevailing over the circumferential surface of the drying ~;ylh~d~., Fig. 7 is a side view of a pl~s;.ing device at one pressing roU;
Fig. 8 is a side view of an qltprnqt~p em~o~iment thereof;
Fig. 9 is a view at the circled detail of Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a ~i~r~qm of a stiU further m~ified embo~limpnt of a pressing device.
Fig. 1 shows, very ~1ia~ "~ -qlly~ an end view of a drying cylinder 1 of a dryer group c~mpri~ed of several drying cylinders, the group being one of several groups of a drying ~tion~ Such a grouping of cylinders to define a drying section is c~llvelllional. A support belt 3, developed for in~t-qnce as a drying section wire, is co~-du~d over the pc~ hel~ of the cylinder 1 together with a web of mqt~riql to be dried, for instqnc~ a paper web 5. The paper web and the support belt wrap around only part of the cilculllrGlGI~ce or surface of the drying cylinder with the belt outside of and pressing on the web. In order to increase the circumferential area of contact and the angle of wrap bG~ the heated surface of the drying cylinder and the paper web which is to be dried, belt guide rolls 7 are provided in the feed and run-off regions of the drying cylinder. The direction of rotation of those guide rolls d~ on the direction of travel of the paper web and is here in-li~ q~Pd by arrows.
To i~ ve the heat transfer from the drying cylinder 1 to the paper web, the paper web 5 is adjusted by a prcde~- ...in~d tension of the support belt. To fur~her 30 illl~ ve the drying contact with the surface of the drying cylinder 1, a pressing device, d~ loped as P1~.11e box 11, preferably eYten-l~ over the entire axial length 21 8896q of the drying cylinder 1 and over most, if not all, of the angle of wrap of the belt on the cylinder.
The ples~ box 11 has several inner walls 13 and 15 which extend plcrGlably over the entire length of the p~l,si,.ll~ box. Those walls define several, in this case three, ples.,~ chambers 17, 19, 21 in the box 11. A ~ ,SSUle level forg the support belt 3 and thus the paper web 5 against the surface of the drying cylinder 1 is provided for i~ n,vGd transfer of heat. This pl~Si~ul~ level is established in the P1eSSU1G cha--lb~s in some suitable lllal)ll~, for inctAnce~ by feeding in air.
The l~s~i~e pl~ levels Pl, P2, p3 in the p~S~ ch~.lbels 17, 19 and 21 can be set by l~;liVe ~ S;~llG control means to be at desired values to assure optimal drying behavior of the paper web 5. The ples~ G levels can be set, for instAnce accol~ling to the inequ~ity Pl < P2 > p3 or the ine~uality Pl ~ P2 ~ P3-In ~ddi~ion to being divided along the web path along the cL~iu---relGllce of the dryer, Fig. 7 shows how all of the p~Si~ulG Chq."~ :~ 17, 19 and 21 can be subdivided over their 1On~;lU~ A1 dif~ , and ~ f~l~ over the width of the paper web 5, to enable different p~ lG values e.g., Pl', P2', P3'; PlN, P2n, P3", etc.to be set transverse to the direction of travel of the paper web. Subdivision ~im~ u~uusly over both of the 1~ A1 (i.e., transversely to the c~ul--relclllial)and circumferential directions is pos~ihlP-, producing a matrK of local area pl~ S;~l1G
ç.hqmhP-rs.
The long~ inA1 edges of the housing 23 of the p~Si.ul~, box 11 which adjoin the surface of the drying ~lind~r 1 and the lnn~l.~ edges of the partitions 13 and 15 which face the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1 are ~1 provided with sealing strips 25 which substantially p~evenl loss of ~ lllG from the p~ssurG
cl-~-..he-s. Instead of the sealing stnps 25, so called air knives c_n also be used for providing co"~ sealing of the P1~ Cl1AIIIble-;~ can be effected. The housing 23 is ~ IGlIIIUlG provided at its front end and on the oppos;le rear side with sealing strips 27, in~1iGAt~d here in dashed line.
It is possible to adjust the pl~i~U~ c~ntliti~n~ within the p~S~ G box 11 by the sealing behavior of the sealing strips 25 and 27. For eYAmple, a gentle tnAn~ition in p~ e b~ween the ~ IIG C~ lh-l S 17, 19 and 21 can be obtained because the 21 8896~
sealing strips 25 provided on the inner walls 13 and 15 permit transfer of air and thus permit eq~lqli7-qti~n of pr~,s~ ,. Similqrly, upon the entrqnc~ and emergence of the pa~er web S into . nd out of the ~ box, equq1i7~ ~inn of P1eS;~U1G may be desired in order to assure a gentle tr~q-n~ition of p~si,u~ here also.
S Finally, it is also p~ to develop the sealing strip 27 on the front and re. r sides of the h~u~i~ 23 so that P~GS~U1G eqU-q-1;7-q-t;On is also here possible in order to achieve a gentle pl._Si..ll~ tr~qn~itinm This presses the edge of the web of mqt~riql 5 against the drying cylinder 1 with less p~s~ rc~ which c~Jnt~ ,lct~ excess drying of the edges of the web.
Fig. 2 VY~ 11Y shows the end of a ffrst embo~1iment of a dryer section 10 which has seve~al drying cylinders 1 Arrn~ alongside of each other along the direction of web movement. In the embo~liment shown a pressing device d~lo~ed in the form of a respective p~si,u,c box 11 is q~sociqted with each drying cylinder. Each of the p~s~u,c boxes has three plcSSulc cl a~llbcl~ 17, 19 and 21.
The C1~ are acted on by c4~ lessed air via cQndllit~ 29. Co---~ ssed air at a p~e level Pl is fed via a ffrst c4l~n~ line 31 to act on each presi~ule chA-..be~
17. The middle p~ssu~ cl a---~,~ 19 of the pl~S;~UlC; boxes 11 are acted on via a second conn~ting line 33 which supplies air at a pr~iss. ~ level P2. Finally, air at a p~SSulc level p3 is fed to the ple~ulc chAmher~ 21 of the ples~urc boxes 11 via 20 a third con~ -g line 35.
It is thus clear that the same S~ucl ce of plesi~UlC levels Pl, P2 and p3 is fedin all pl~ boxes so that the c~ nd;n~ p~i~S act on each dryer. The same relative pl~UlC levels in the same $~ '~ may be sct with p~s~ c levels pl', p2',p3'; pl", p2", p3"; etc. in Fig. 7. However, since pl~Si~LUC can be sc~ Ply and 25 individually sll~li~ to each ~-I.A~..k~ both around and kngih~linvqlly along the drying cylinder, there may be ,~q.~AI'e pleS~LIlc boxes around the ci~-;u---re,c ce andtransversely to the cilcu~rc~cnce~ i.e., along the length of the cylinder, each supplying their own ~peclive individual ~ u,es.
In the dryer section 10 shown, the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 are 30 cQn~1uct~d along a ",~ ,- ;ng sha~e path over drying cylinders 1 and over the guide rolls 7 'A5~ 1 Ang~?d bc~n every two drying cylinders. An eYt~rnql suction box 37 is also present bel~,l every two drying c~L;ndcl~ which assures they draw off e~ l air, and this assures particular gui(lqnc~ of the paper web.
Fig. 3 shows a ~liag~ c end view of another embodiment of a dryer section 10. In this case, four drying cylinders 1 are shown as an eY-qmple Between 5 every two drying c~ dels, guide rolls 7 are again provided, so that the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 can be guided in their m~qn-l~r path over the drying cylinders 1. The tensile force of the support belt 3 presses the paper web 5 against the heated sl~rf~r~s of the drying cyl;lld~l~. Again, pl~lg devices d~ ped as pl~,S~Ulc; boxes 11 are provided for each drying ~lind~r. In this case, the pressu~ boYes each have 10 four ~)l~e ~ ~ lq~ 17, 19, 19' and 21. The ~ are provided with pl~Ult;
via ~.--'e pres;,ure lines 39.
The in-lirqt~ pl~s,ule levels Pl, P2, ... P8, ... in the different p.e,~
."h~.~ in Fig. 3 show that all pres~u~ cllqmbers of all p~s~u~e boYes 11 at all of the drying cylinders may have a le,~ctive l)lesi~e level of their own which is 15 ;n~l~n~Pn~ of the pr~ s in the other pr~ssu~e cl-~...hci~ ~. Such a development of the dryer section 10 makes it possible to establish diLr~ lt plessules along thedirec~on of travel of the paper web and thus assures an individual drying behavior.
The ~l~lgelllent shown in Fig. 7 also may be combined into Fig. 3.
In the c~..ho~ of the dryer section 10 in Fig. 3, suction boxes 37 are also 20 provided bc~lwe~l every two drying cylinders 1. The suction boxes 37 are conn~t~l with a suitable source of vacuum, for ;..~ ce a vacuum pump, not shown here. Theexhaust air of the suction boxes or a V~l~;UUIIl pump can be dried by sul)~uent units and possibly heated and can then be fed to the pl~,SS.llc C~lqmberS~
Fig. 4 shows a ~iq~-"",~;c end view of a drying cylinder 1 over which a 25 wire belt 3 is c~n~lu~d ~O~ with a paper web S by means of guide rolls 7. Thepaper web 5 wraps around a part of the cir~ulllrelcnce of the drying cylinder to be heated on the heated surface of the cylinder. The p~;,ur~s are in this case alsodet~rlllined by the tensile force of the wire belt. In ~ on~ a pressing device 43 having p~ng rolls 41 ~l~ ged qlongside each other circumferentially around part 30 of the circumference of the cylinder is provided to press the papcr web 5 together with the wire belt 3 against the surface of the drying cylinder 1.
2 1 88~6~
The central axes of the pressing rolls 41 are qrr.qngp-d subst-qntiqlly parallel to each other and ~lGÇ~dbly parallel to the axis of rotation 45 of the drying cylinder.
They lie on an ima~inqry arcuate line which follows the ci~;u"~felel,lial conloul of the drying cylinder 1 and in the embodiment shown, that line is developed as a 5 circular arc which is ~ e~ i,ulis~ 1;311y con~ P-nl~;c to the outer surface of the drying cylinder 1.
The p,~lg rolls can extend co~ Ju!~ly over the entire length of the drying ~li~ del. However, as shown in Fig. 8, it is also possible to divide the pressing rolls into individual parbal rolls which are ~ gPd one behind the other, with their central 10 axes subst-q-nti~qlly qligned- One axial direction row of such par~al rolls 41', 41", 41'Y is intii~qtPd, and other such rows around the ci,~;u",ftlc,lce of the drying c~linde~ can be seen. The qrr~qnePmPnt of par~al rolls may be coor~,nalcd with the ive difrc~cnt p~s~ c cl-q...bc~ along the length of the roll, as shown in Fig.
7, enabling dirrG~Gnt pr~ss.~lcs to be applied by dirrtlG~t partial rolls 41', etc.
When the pressing rolls 41 are pressed against the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1, only the radial co...pQ~ t of the pl~SS.llG of a pl~si,ing roll increases the P~S~U~G. It can llla~f~ be noted that the pressing rolls which actperpen~lirulqrly from above on the surface of the cylinder apply a higha P1eSSII1G
than those which are pressed from above on a region of the ci~.iu",r~.~ntial surface 20 of the drying ~lindG~ which lies at a llictq~re from the central plane 47 of the drying c~ d~ 1. The greater the .3;~nce. of a pressing roll from the central plane 47, the smalla is its ~l~s~e. This in part results from the rolls being su~ ed in a device 49 which is urged duw"w~dly from above or outside the support belt. Hence, the Ill~VClllGlll and P1~G are applied by the device 49 from above, in the direction of 25 the central plane 47.
As a whole, a s~st~nl;~lly sinusoi~lly shaped P1CS~U1e distribution is est~'~ h~ The p~ s act ~ lly to the central plane 47, and the pressing rolls supply the greatest plY s;.u~ in the region of the central plane. Arrows in~ te the direction and by their length the magnit~lde of the useful co...~n~nt of force 30 ~ ted with each individual pl~s..iilg roll 41 by which the paper web 5 and the wire belt 3 are pressed against the surface of the drying cylinder.
21 889~9 The pressing rolls 41 are held by a support device 49. That device, in turn, is held by at least one, and in the present case two, pressing devices 51. The devices 51 press the device 49 toward, and the rolls 41 qg~qin~t~ the surface of the drying cylinder.
S Use of two ~SS"lg devices 51 q~l~d at a l1io~q-lce from the central plane 47 pe~ the support device 49 to be acted on with dirr~nt pf~Si~Uf~S, i.e., in dirf~ l directi- n~, so that the region of I~ IIJIII plesi~.lleS can be shifted.It is further possible to also provide several pressing devices 51 over the length of the pressing device 43 along the length of the drying cylinder 1, as shown in Fig. 8, in order to vary the ~l~.U~ along the longitl~inAl direction of the drying cylinder. The slJ,s~e~.s;on of the pl~S~ g rolls 41 must be developed accordingly.
In the ~ llbo~ shown in Fig. 4, the ~ictq~ce ~w~ll the ~l~ss,llg rolls is sel~ted so that their c"~iu",f~l~"lial lines almost touch each other. The pl~S~ul~,S
exerted on the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1 are therefore very 15 ,.;rO,, particularly if the ~1 5'11t'~ of the pressing rolls is substAnl;Ally less than the ~ 5~ of the drying cylinder 1. The arcuate region of the cylinder acted on with a pl~S~Ult; by the pressing rolls 41 extends over a circumferential angle a of about 130~.
Fig. S again shows a ~li~.,...~...AI;r end view of a drying cylinder 1. The 20 circumferential surface of the cylindel has a plurality of p,~s;,ing rolls 41 of a pressing device 43 acting on it. The central axes of the pl~ssing rolls are arranged s~st~ ;Ally parallel to each other and p~r~lably parallel to the axis of rotation 45 of the drying cylinder 1. Full1.e~ ...o,e, these rolls are on an arcuate line having a radius of curvature which is greater than that of the drying cylinder 1.
The p~g rolls 41 are ~lqcti~qlly ~u~ hd in and biased and urged uulwi~d of their support device 49. For e-A...l le, co",~ssion springs 53 coop~lale with the ml~Unting of the pressing rolls 41 and permit evasive or retrrqcting movement of the pressing rolls 41. The co",plession springs 53 are so arranged in the illu~trrq-tetl ~lllbo 1;-..~.1 that they are pr~ rqlly perpen~ ulAr to the arcuate line which connects 30 the center points of the pl~s~,ng rolls 41.
Recquse the radius of ~;ul~dlulc; of the arcuate line of the pressing rolls is slightly greater than that of the drying c~lh~de" the pressing rolls 41 which are arranged near to the central plane 47 are the first to contact the ci~wllferG lial surface of the drying cylinder as the support device is moved inward toward the drying c~linder. The pressing rolls 41 which are arranged at a ~list-nce from this plane contact the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder only when the p.~g rolls which are already in contact with the drying cylinder are moved back or re~cted against the reYiot-q-nrR of the co~plession springs 53.
When the path of evasion or retraction of the pl~s~ing rolls 41 arranged close to the centIal plane 47 is sel~t~ to be s~ffi~ iently large, the support device 49 can be pressed by means of the p essil g devices 51 so far against the drying cylinder 1 that all pressing rolls 41 finally lie on the cir~iu---r~l~.-tial surface of the cylinder.
Fig. 5 indicA~s the mq~im~lm region of the ci~;ul--Ç~GIlce which can at most be pressed upon by the pressing rolls 41. The cilcu---r~G -lial region c~ -~s~nds to a center angle a qmo ~nting to about 130~.
The co,.,~ enl of force of the individual p ~ss,ng rolls which is active for pl~g is greater the closer the rolls are to the region of the central plane 47. The total cir.iu~felGI~lial region acted on with a plessulG by the pressing device 43 is greateGr the further the support device 49 is moved in the direction towards the drying cylinder 1. By .liff~,ll activation of the pressing devices 51 which are arranged at a distance from the central plane 47, the region of the ~ Jl~i.UlG can be shifted around the ci-.iu",fG~Gnce of the cylinder. As shown in Fig. 8, it is also possible to distribute several pressing devices 51 in the longitu-1in~ql direction of the drying cylinder 1 over the width of a paper web 5, in order to also produce diLrG~GIlt ~si~u~s along this direction.
In view of the fo.~oing, it is clear that the pl~S;.Ul~,S exerted by the supportbelt 3 on the paper web 5 can be i~ lc~sed by the pressing device 43. The pl~i,UlGS
can be further varied locally by providing co",p ~sion springs 53 -q~ d with respe,;~ivep~si,i,g rolls 41 wh~lcin the springs have spring co~ -LY which are diLrGrGnt from each other. This enables the ~l~S~ lG distribution to be adjustedindividually over the cilculllrGlGlllial surface of the drying cylinder.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 are again w-~p~?ed by suitable guide rolls 7 around the drying cylinder 1. This 21 8896~
produces an increased angle of wrap since the cil~;ul~r~GIllial s~ s of the guide rolls 7 are ~ ~ by less than the ~;5'l'~ t~;;r of the drying cylinder 1.
Fig. 6 shows the p~ s over cir.iwllrelGl,lial regions of the drying cylinder 1, the cil.;u",r~ lial region being c1~ -.;7~ by the coll~s~ol ding center angle S ~.
The dld~lng graphs six diLrGr~t p~S~ ~ curves, co~ ul;vely from 0 to V.
The curve 0 shows that ples~ rG caused only by the tensile stress of the support belt 3 acting over the region ch~rt~ri7~d by the center angle a.
The curve I shows that as the support device is moved toward the drying 10 iylil~del, over a small region of the circumference of the drying cylinder, p~essu~s are built up which act symm~tri~lly to the central plane 47. The central plane is in~ ed in Fig. 6 in order to show this.
Curves II and m indic~t~5 the ~ UïG cQn~lit;t)nQ- which result upon further app~ach of the support device 49 toward the drying cylinder 1. The pl~;.ul~s both 5 il~ilG~ and extend over a wider c~u",f~nlial region of the drying cylinder until, as indicated by curve m. The ciL~;ulllr~,~,llial region deQ-ign~t~ by the center angle a is finally acted on with an ~ldiffon~l p~s~.~ which eYceeAQ the wire tension or support belt t~,nQion.
In the ~ hlg device 43 shown in Figs. 4 and 5, which has a plurality of 20 pl~blng rolls, due to the use of r~lively small pressing rolls, a relatively ulliÇJllllly distributed pr~s~ure on the ci~u",f~ntial surface of the drying cylinder can be assured, so as to in~s;ry the contact dry-ing.
..~ the support device on which the pressing rolls are fqQt~ned comprises at least two pressing devices 51 by which the support device can be moved against 25 the drying ~;ylil de., the circumferential region on which ~Mition~l pl~ si~ulc acts can be varied. Either the plessi, g device in the region of which the paper web initially enters is more strongly ac~ivaled than the p~ssing device which follows it, as seen in the direction of travel of the paper web, or vice versa. As can be noted fromeither of curves IV or V, this ~I;QSP1~~P~S the Qim~ ql pl~S~ul~ distribution with 30 reference to the central plane 47 of the drying cylinder.
In ;~dition~ use of several pressing devices distributed over the width of the p per web enables a ~ de'~ ~ distribution of the ples~ es to be obtained. This -1~
21 a~969 .
l~Uil~ c~ n~1ing susp~pnc7jon of the pressing rolls, so that they can be acted on Q~ifi--qlly in given regions with ~ l~iti..~ql pr~s.ll~s.
For eYq-mr'~, as suP~gest~d in Fig. 10, the cil~;ul.lfel~ ial s~fq~s of the pressing rolls 41 can have cin;ull-rclcll~ial gr~uves at spaced intervals along the roll S in which suitable mounts are provided via which ple~ les Lrdns~ to the centralaYis of the press~g rolls can also be produc~d. The gl'~).eS in the pressing rolls should be so s .~gP~l that grooves of adj~q-rP,nt pressing rolls are offset in location so that finally, un,Çollll pl~ing of the paper web against the surface of the drying cylinder is assured. The gr~o~es also provide air lubrication of the rolls.
As shown in Fig. 5, the pressing rolls can be qrrq-~çd with a roll housing of their own on the support device 49. The housing extends so far beyond the pressing rolls in the region of their c,~ulllfelcAlial surface that the rolls cannot fall out of the housing. It is possible to introduce ll-bricqnt for inQtqnce air, water or oil under pl~e, into the slit b~ the . i~ulllrt;lullial surface of the pl~i7i~ing rolls and the housing in order to reduce the frictional forces belw~n the roll and the housing to a ~--ini, It is rull~lc;llllO~ concei~ble to use ma_nPti~ rolls which, by suitable magnet devices, are mount~ free of friction in the region of their support and remain operable pr~cti( ql1y without l~qin~Pnq~A
Furthermore, it is posQillle to arrange the roll housing which lC~i~eS the g rolls with resilient spring action with respect to the support device 49 so asto assure the most !~-.;r.,.... possible action of p~s;,u~e on the cil.;ulllÇer~l tial surface of the drying ~lil~der. Such a suspenQ-ion of the pressing rolls can be provided also in the embo~ -t in Fig. 4, in which the central axes of the pressing rolls are 25 arranged on an im~in~ry arcuate line which extends subst~nti~lly parallel to the cilculllfer~ ial surface of the drying cylinder. The use of such resili~ntly mounted pl~g rolls is particl~lqrly pler~l~d for the e~ of the dryer section of Fig.
5, since in that case, the p,e~-g rolls are ~ d on an arcuate line having a radius of ~;w~alule which is greater than that of the drying cylinder. In this em~ mPnt, 30 to bring all pressing rolls into contact with the surface of the drying cylinder, the pressing rolls which first contact the surface of the cylinder must be able to move back or retract e1~ti~qlly with spring action into the support device. Fig. 5 shows 21 88~6~
-that the dirr~cnces bct~o~n the radii of the line of c.l.vatu c and of the drying d~ should not be too great, or else the ou~q~ st pressing rolls would no longer be able to be brought into contact with the drying cylinder.
Two or more ~djacPnt pressing rolls can also be suspPn~P~ by support 5 elF llçnl~ which receive two or more s ~jacent pressing rolls, which, in their turn, are oQ~nP.~ to the support device 49. To better co...l~n~le for tohP-~n~s, the support el~ can also be s~. lOe~l~ with respect to the support device. It is also possible to fasten the support el~PmPnt~ under spring action with respect to the support device and then to use them in the embo limPnt shown in Fig. 5.
If ~le~PmP~ nP~ " pressing rolls or partial pressing rolls, as illl-~t~tP~ in Fig. 9, which are arcuate in shape along their axes and which follow an arcuate line which is curved in the direction of the drying cylinder can be used, so that thepressing rolls or partial pressing rolls first contact the drying cylinder at their axial di~ ll central region and, upon fur~er l)l~ng, develop m~ l." ~ssurc in the 15 central region of the drying cylinder.
In view of the above, the pressing rolls used in the emb~;...Pnl~ shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 10 can also be f~tPnP~ to so called blast boxes 55 shown in Fig. 10, which are acted on by air or steam under pl~,SSUlc and co~ jr~tçd through the .~ivt; duct 56 into the support device 49. The drying behavior of the paper web 20 can be additionally influPn~ed in this manner particularly if the ~l..p~l~tu.~ in the blast boxes for the pressing rolls is varied over the circumferential surface of the drying ~i~lind~r.
From what has been stated above, the two embo~iment~ of Figs. 4 and 5 can be used in dryer sections having several drying cylinders and the pl~S;~UlC of the 25 pl~lg rolls 41 of the dirr~-t pressing devices 43 is adjustable ~ e1y for each drying cylinder. It is further possible to ~e several pressing rolls on support çlemPnt~ which are ~ g~ on a common support device or which have support devices of their own and can be controlled s.~-~Ply. This makes it possible to create zones of dirr~lt pleS~ distributed over the ci.cu..,fe~cnce of the drying30 cylinder, similar to the case of the pl~iSS~ boAes. In such cases, it is possible to provide the zones of the succ--c~;ve pressing devices of several drying cylinders in each case with the same ~l~Ul~S to provide a dryer section similar to that eYpl~inP~l 2l 88969 with l~re~ ce to Fig. 2. Ful~n~le, it is p~ ' lc to -q~sociqte pressing devices 43, each provided with pressing rolls, with several drying cylinders and in each case to provide zones of dirr~ t pl~Si~u~S in the pressing devices. The zones operate with different pleSS~lreS CO ~lct~y in~lepen~lent of each other. This provides a dryer S section which is similar to the one shown in Fig. 3.
It is cle. r that the pl~s;,ules c. n be adjusted in very variable fq~hion. It has also been shown that, even with a very slight pl~S~ , for in~t-qnce O.OS bar, ~ 1~itionql p~si,ule is applied which coll~n~s ap~?ro~ Ply to a doubling of the ---- wire ~ S C~ t~ today. This means that the pl~SSUl~,S can be very 10 err~ively increased with a pressing device developed as a ~l~s~ure box.
The above desclil)tions of Figs. 1 to 5, 7, 8 and 10 make it clear that the plessul~,s can be adjusted to the desired values both over the circumference of the drying cylinders and also over their length. Thus, the heat transfer within the dryer section can be adjusted individually or locally. By establishing an increase in the 15 dirr~r lial p~ ~e at the inlet into the dryer section, it is further possible to squeeze out an air cu~hinn based, for in~t~nc~, on c~ d air and in this way to also pGsilively affect the drying pr~p~llies by an i~ ved tr~qn~iti~n of heat. This particular advantage can be obtained without ~ditionql measures.
Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular 20 embo~lim~nt~ thereof, many other vtq~riqti~ns and m~Ylifi-~qti-)n~ and other uses will become aJ?p~l to those skilled in the art. It is pl~r~lled, ~,C;Ç~l~;, that the present invention be limited not by the specific t~ osllre herein, but only by the appended claims.
PRESSING THE WEB TO l~ DRYER IN A DRYER SECTION
This is a cn~ ;on-in-part of A~li~qtinn No. 08/707,195, filed August 20, 1996.
The plcsenl invention relates to a dryer section of a n~ hinP for the mqnuf~ctllre of a web of m~riql, particularly paper, and particularly relates to a device which presses the web to be dried against the surface of the drying cylinder.
Dryer sections of this type are known. One frequent problem is that the drying cont~ct bc;~ the web of mqtPriql and the surface of the drying cylinder is not sllffi~ i~nt in order for the energy present in the drying cylinder to be optimally .~n~....;u~~ to the paper web which is to be dried.
An ill ;ldSc in the drying contact can be o~inPd by applying a greater initial tension to a web support belt, which is like a dryer felt, and is conduct~Pd, logelll~l with the web of n~qteriql, around the drying cylinders. This is possible only with 15 ap~ pl~t~ a~lju~l~nl of the structural parts which participate in guiding the support belt, for inctqnoe by providing larger guide roll and drying cylinder bPqring~. The initial stress is furth(-.. o.~ limited by the .. -~;.. load bearing capacity of the support belt.
It is therefore ~,n object of the present invention to provide a dryer section which does not have the folegoing disadv. ntages and which p~lllils pressing of the web against the .;~lind~s without stressing the support belt or its guitl-qnce elPmPnt~.
The pressing device of the invention presses the web of mqt.oriql against the drying cylinder for achieving a better transfer of heat.
In a prer~.Y~ embodiment of the dryer section~ the pressing device is developed to apply dirr~nt p~S~Ul~S at different l~c~ions over the cir~;ulllf~lcllce of the drying cylinder. Dirr~nt pl~s~un,s may be applied along the circumferenceand/or tl~u S~l~l~ to the axis of the dryer by applying r~,s~clive ~1~t~, p~lhaps dirr~l~nt ~l~SSUl~S at dirr~nt zones of the circumference. This enables the drying behavior to be adjusted in a particularly ~.lsiliv,; fq~hinn.
In one pler~llcd embolimpnt of the dryer ~tion~ the pressing device is developed as a plcssulc; box. Such an e.~ nt can be used at r~vol~ble cost since air under pl~,S~ , iS in any event available for controlling the gui~lqn-~e of the web Of mqt~riql, and this air can be cQn~uct~ into the pl~ box.
In one particularly pfcre~lcd e~mk)~liment~ the l)les~ c box has zones, known as pl~lC C'~ by which dirr~n~ pr~ssul~S can be applied in the direction of web travel and/or transverse to the dire. tion of web travel. The heat transfer to the web of m~~iql can Illc~crOl'c be controlled not only around the circumference of the drying cylinder but also over its length.
In a dryer sec~on which typically has several drying cylinders, several drying ~;ylilldcl~ of the dryer section are provided with pressing devices which are developed as p ~s~u-c boxes. The pl~cs~ boxes may be constructed in identi-~ql lllalmcr and they may have zones which can a~ply ~livc di~rclcl~ c levels. The dryer section can be developed in a particularly simple manner if the same, i.e.
c~llc~l dingly locqt~d, zones of dirrcrc~t p~cs~ e boxes on different cylinders are acted on with the same l~ tive ~ ~s.
In yet another p,~f~,~d e~mbo~iment of the dryer s~tion~ the p~s;,.l-e zones of different ples~ rc boxes can be controlled ~ e1y so that dirr~Gllt p,~si,u,c levels can be est~ h~d evclywl~clc. In one such c ..bo~ n~, the pressing upon the web of m~ l can be adjusted in a particularly sensilive manner over several drying cylinders.
In a second p~rc,,cd embodiment of the dryer s~tion~ the pressing device cc....~ s several pl~lg rolls which press upon the support belt for the web. Thecentral axes of these rolls are ~ eed substantially parallel to each other and preferably parallel to the axis of rotation of the dry-ing cylinder, as well as on an ;...~in~y arcuate line. This development has the advantage that the pressing device 25 assures an il~cr~d pl~i~llC without feeding in eY~Prn~l energy. The pl~iSSUlc rolls may be su~ollcd in a support device that may be adjustable to apply the rolls against the support belt and may ~lhaps be el~ti~lly biased toward that belt.
Other realur~s and advantages of the present invention will become ap~alent from the following de~~ lion of the invention which refers to the accolll~?~ly"lg 30 drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a basic s~l-e ..~l;~ fl;~." showing the function of a pressing device developed as a pl~Si,ulc box;
21 8896~
Fig. 2 is a .liqg,~"",~t;c view of the end of a first e~l~bodilllelll of a dryeri~ n;
Fig. 3 is a ~l;ag.d~ ic view of the end of a second emlw~iment of a dryer section;
Fig. 4 is a basic ~li~r~qm ~.lJl~inine the function of a pressing device having several pressing rolls;
Fig. S is a basic ~li~r-dm of a modifiPd embo~ t of a pressing device having pressing rolls;
Fig. 6 is a ~ w~g the p~ s prevailing over the circumferential surface of the drying ~;ylh~d~., Fig. 7 is a side view of a pl~s;.ing device at one pressing roU;
Fig. 8 is a side view of an qltprnqt~p em~o~iment thereof;
Fig. 9 is a view at the circled detail of Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a ~i~r~qm of a stiU further m~ified embo~limpnt of a pressing device.
Fig. 1 shows, very ~1ia~ "~ -qlly~ an end view of a drying cylinder 1 of a dryer group c~mpri~ed of several drying cylinders, the group being one of several groups of a drying ~tion~ Such a grouping of cylinders to define a drying section is c~llvelllional. A support belt 3, developed for in~t-qnce as a drying section wire, is co~-du~d over the pc~ hel~ of the cylinder 1 together with a web of mqt~riql to be dried, for instqnc~ a paper web 5. The paper web and the support belt wrap around only part of the cilculllrGlGI~ce or surface of the drying cylinder with the belt outside of and pressing on the web. In order to increase the circumferential area of contact and the angle of wrap bG~ the heated surface of the drying cylinder and the paper web which is to be dried, belt guide rolls 7 are provided in the feed and run-off regions of the drying cylinder. The direction of rotation of those guide rolls d~ on the direction of travel of the paper web and is here in-li~ q~Pd by arrows.
To i~ ve the heat transfer from the drying cylinder 1 to the paper web, the paper web 5 is adjusted by a prcde~- ...in~d tension of the support belt. To fur~her 30 illl~ ve the drying contact with the surface of the drying cylinder 1, a pressing device, d~ loped as P1~.11e box 11, preferably eYten-l~ over the entire axial length 21 8896q of the drying cylinder 1 and over most, if not all, of the angle of wrap of the belt on the cylinder.
The ples~ box 11 has several inner walls 13 and 15 which extend plcrGlably over the entire length of the p~l,si,.ll~ box. Those walls define several, in this case three, ples.,~ chambers 17, 19, 21 in the box 11. A ~ ,SSUle level forg the support belt 3 and thus the paper web 5 against the surface of the drying cylinder 1 is provided for i~ n,vGd transfer of heat. This pl~Si~ul~ level is established in the P1eSSU1G cha--lb~s in some suitable lllal)ll~, for inctAnce~ by feeding in air.
The l~s~i~e pl~ levels Pl, P2, p3 in the p~S~ ch~.lbels 17, 19 and 21 can be set by l~;liVe ~ S;~llG control means to be at desired values to assure optimal drying behavior of the paper web 5. The ples~ G levels can be set, for instAnce accol~ling to the inequ~ity Pl < P2 > p3 or the ine~uality Pl ~ P2 ~ P3-In ~ddi~ion to being divided along the web path along the cL~iu---relGllce of the dryer, Fig. 7 shows how all of the p~Si~ulG Chq."~ :~ 17, 19 and 21 can be subdivided over their 1On~;lU~ A1 dif~ , and ~ f~l~ over the width of the paper web 5, to enable different p~ lG values e.g., Pl', P2', P3'; PlN, P2n, P3", etc.to be set transverse to the direction of travel of the paper web. Subdivision ~im~ u~uusly over both of the 1~ A1 (i.e., transversely to the c~ul--relclllial)and circumferential directions is pos~ihlP-, producing a matrK of local area pl~ S;~l1G
ç.hqmhP-rs.
The long~ inA1 edges of the housing 23 of the p~Si.ul~, box 11 which adjoin the surface of the drying ~lind~r 1 and the lnn~l.~ edges of the partitions 13 and 15 which face the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1 are ~1 provided with sealing strips 25 which substantially p~evenl loss of ~ lllG from the p~ssurG
cl-~-..he-s. Instead of the sealing stnps 25, so called air knives c_n also be used for providing co"~ sealing of the P1~ Cl1AIIIble-;~ can be effected. The housing 23 is ~ IGlIIIUlG provided at its front end and on the oppos;le rear side with sealing strips 27, in~1iGAt~d here in dashed line.
It is possible to adjust the pl~i~U~ c~ntliti~n~ within the p~S~ G box 11 by the sealing behavior of the sealing strips 25 and 27. For eYAmple, a gentle tnAn~ition in p~ e b~ween the ~ IIG C~ lh-l S 17, 19 and 21 can be obtained because the 21 8896~
sealing strips 25 provided on the inner walls 13 and 15 permit transfer of air and thus permit eq~lqli7-qti~n of pr~,s~ ,. Similqrly, upon the entrqnc~ and emergence of the pa~er web S into . nd out of the ~ box, equq1i7~ ~inn of P1eS;~U1G may be desired in order to assure a gentle tr~q-n~ition of p~si,u~ here also.
S Finally, it is also p~ to develop the sealing strip 27 on the front and re. r sides of the h~u~i~ 23 so that P~GS~U1G eqU-q-1;7-q-t;On is also here possible in order to achieve a gentle pl._Si..ll~ tr~qn~itinm This presses the edge of the web of mqt~riql 5 against the drying cylinder 1 with less p~s~ rc~ which c~Jnt~ ,lct~ excess drying of the edges of the web.
Fig. 2 VY~ 11Y shows the end of a ffrst embo~1iment of a dryer section 10 which has seve~al drying cylinders 1 Arrn~ alongside of each other along the direction of web movement. In the embo~liment shown a pressing device d~lo~ed in the form of a respective p~si,u,c box 11 is q~sociqted with each drying cylinder. Each of the p~s~u,c boxes has three plcSSulc cl a~llbcl~ 17, 19 and 21.
The C1~ are acted on by c4~ lessed air via cQndllit~ 29. Co---~ ssed air at a p~e level Pl is fed via a ffrst c4l~n~ line 31 to act on each presi~ule chA-..be~
17. The middle p~ssu~ cl a---~,~ 19 of the pl~S;~UlC; boxes 11 are acted on via a second conn~ting line 33 which supplies air at a pr~iss. ~ level P2. Finally, air at a p~SSulc level p3 is fed to the ple~ulc chAmher~ 21 of the ples~urc boxes 11 via 20 a third con~ -g line 35.
It is thus clear that the same S~ucl ce of plesi~UlC levels Pl, P2 and p3 is fedin all pl~ boxes so that the c~ nd;n~ p~i~S act on each dryer. The same relative pl~UlC levels in the same $~ '~ may be sct with p~s~ c levels pl', p2',p3'; pl", p2", p3"; etc. in Fig. 7. However, since pl~Si~LUC can be sc~ Ply and 25 individually sll~li~ to each ~-I.A~..k~ both around and kngih~linvqlly along the drying cylinder, there may be ,~q.~AI'e pleS~LIlc boxes around the ci~-;u---re,c ce andtransversely to the cilcu~rc~cnce~ i.e., along the length of the cylinder, each supplying their own ~peclive individual ~ u,es.
In the dryer section 10 shown, the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 are 30 cQn~1uct~d along a ",~ ,- ;ng sha~e path over drying cylinders 1 and over the guide rolls 7 'A5~ 1 Ang~?d bc~n every two drying cylinders. An eYt~rnql suction box 37 is also present bel~,l every two drying c~L;ndcl~ which assures they draw off e~ l air, and this assures particular gui(lqnc~ of the paper web.
Fig. 3 shows a ~liag~ c end view of another embodiment of a dryer section 10. In this case, four drying cylinders 1 are shown as an eY-qmple Between 5 every two drying c~ dels, guide rolls 7 are again provided, so that the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 can be guided in their m~qn-l~r path over the drying cylinders 1. The tensile force of the support belt 3 presses the paper web 5 against the heated sl~rf~r~s of the drying cyl;lld~l~. Again, pl~lg devices d~ ped as pl~,S~Ulc; boxes 11 are provided for each drying ~lind~r. In this case, the pressu~ boYes each have 10 four ~)l~e ~ ~ lq~ 17, 19, 19' and 21. The ~ are provided with pl~Ult;
via ~.--'e pres;,ure lines 39.
The in-lirqt~ pl~s,ule levels Pl, P2, ... P8, ... in the different p.e,~
."h~.~ in Fig. 3 show that all pres~u~ cllqmbers of all p~s~u~e boYes 11 at all of the drying cylinders may have a le,~ctive l)lesi~e level of their own which is 15 ;n~l~n~Pn~ of the pr~ s in the other pr~ssu~e cl-~...hci~ ~. Such a development of the dryer section 10 makes it possible to establish diLr~ lt plessules along thedirec~on of travel of the paper web and thus assures an individual drying behavior.
The ~l~lgelllent shown in Fig. 7 also may be combined into Fig. 3.
In the c~..ho~ of the dryer section 10 in Fig. 3, suction boxes 37 are also 20 provided bc~lwe~l every two drying cylinders 1. The suction boxes 37 are conn~t~l with a suitable source of vacuum, for ;..~ ce a vacuum pump, not shown here. Theexhaust air of the suction boxes or a V~l~;UUIIl pump can be dried by sul)~uent units and possibly heated and can then be fed to the pl~,SS.llc C~lqmberS~
Fig. 4 shows a ~iq~-"",~;c end view of a drying cylinder 1 over which a 25 wire belt 3 is c~n~lu~d ~O~ with a paper web S by means of guide rolls 7. Thepaper web 5 wraps around a part of the cir~ulllrelcnce of the drying cylinder to be heated on the heated surface of the cylinder. The p~;,ur~s are in this case alsodet~rlllined by the tensile force of the wire belt. In ~ on~ a pressing device 43 having p~ng rolls 41 ~l~ ged qlongside each other circumferentially around part 30 of the circumference of the cylinder is provided to press the papcr web 5 together with the wire belt 3 against the surface of the drying cylinder 1.
2 1 88~6~
The central axes of the pressing rolls 41 are qrr.qngp-d subst-qntiqlly parallel to each other and ~lGÇ~dbly parallel to the axis of rotation 45 of the drying cylinder.
They lie on an ima~inqry arcuate line which follows the ci~;u"~felel,lial conloul of the drying cylinder 1 and in the embodiment shown, that line is developed as a 5 circular arc which is ~ e~ i,ulis~ 1;311y con~ P-nl~;c to the outer surface of the drying cylinder 1.
The p,~lg rolls can extend co~ Ju!~ly over the entire length of the drying ~li~ del. However, as shown in Fig. 8, it is also possible to divide the pressing rolls into individual parbal rolls which are ~ gPd one behind the other, with their central 10 axes subst-q-nti~qlly qligned- One axial direction row of such par~al rolls 41', 41", 41'Y is intii~qtPd, and other such rows around the ci,~;u",ftlc,lce of the drying c~linde~ can be seen. The qrr~qnePmPnt of par~al rolls may be coor~,nalcd with the ive difrc~cnt p~s~ c cl-q...bc~ along the length of the roll, as shown in Fig.
7, enabling dirrG~Gnt pr~ss.~lcs to be applied by dirrtlG~t partial rolls 41', etc.
When the pressing rolls 41 are pressed against the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1, only the radial co...pQ~ t of the pl~SS.llG of a pl~si,ing roll increases the P~S~U~G. It can llla~f~ be noted that the pressing rolls which actperpen~lirulqrly from above on the surface of the cylinder apply a higha P1eSSII1G
than those which are pressed from above on a region of the ci~.iu",r~.~ntial surface 20 of the drying ~lindG~ which lies at a llictq~re from the central plane 47 of the drying c~ d~ 1. The greater the .3;~nce. of a pressing roll from the central plane 47, the smalla is its ~l~s~e. This in part results from the rolls being su~ ed in a device 49 which is urged duw"w~dly from above or outside the support belt. Hence, the Ill~VClllGlll and P1~G are applied by the device 49 from above, in the direction of 25 the central plane 47.
As a whole, a s~st~nl;~lly sinusoi~lly shaped P1CS~U1e distribution is est~'~ h~ The p~ s act ~ lly to the central plane 47, and the pressing rolls supply the greatest plY s;.u~ in the region of the central plane. Arrows in~ te the direction and by their length the magnit~lde of the useful co...~n~nt of force 30 ~ ted with each individual pl~s..iilg roll 41 by which the paper web 5 and the wire belt 3 are pressed against the surface of the drying cylinder.
21 889~9 The pressing rolls 41 are held by a support device 49. That device, in turn, is held by at least one, and in the present case two, pressing devices 51. The devices 51 press the device 49 toward, and the rolls 41 qg~qin~t~ the surface of the drying cylinder.
S Use of two ~SS"lg devices 51 q~l~d at a l1io~q-lce from the central plane 47 pe~ the support device 49 to be acted on with dirr~nt pf~Si~Uf~S, i.e., in dirf~ l directi- n~, so that the region of I~ IIJIII plesi~.lleS can be shifted.It is further possible to also provide several pressing devices 51 over the length of the pressing device 43 along the length of the drying cylinder 1, as shown in Fig. 8, in order to vary the ~l~.U~ along the longitl~inAl direction of the drying cylinder. The slJ,s~e~.s;on of the pl~S~ g rolls 41 must be developed accordingly.
In the ~ llbo~ shown in Fig. 4, the ~ictq~ce ~w~ll the ~l~ss,llg rolls is sel~ted so that their c"~iu",f~l~"lial lines almost touch each other. The pl~S~ul~,S
exerted on the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder 1 are therefore very 15 ,.;rO,, particularly if the ~1 5'11t'~ of the pressing rolls is substAnl;Ally less than the ~ 5~ of the drying cylinder 1. The arcuate region of the cylinder acted on with a pl~S~Ult; by the pressing rolls 41 extends over a circumferential angle a of about 130~.
Fig. S again shows a ~li~.,...~...AI;r end view of a drying cylinder 1. The 20 circumferential surface of the cylindel has a plurality of p,~s;,ing rolls 41 of a pressing device 43 acting on it. The central axes of the pl~ssing rolls are arranged s~st~ ;Ally parallel to each other and p~r~lably parallel to the axis of rotation 45 of the drying cylinder 1. Full1.e~ ...o,e, these rolls are on an arcuate line having a radius of curvature which is greater than that of the drying cylinder 1.
The p~g rolls 41 are ~lqcti~qlly ~u~ hd in and biased and urged uulwi~d of their support device 49. For e-A...l le, co",~ssion springs 53 coop~lale with the ml~Unting of the pressing rolls 41 and permit evasive or retrrqcting movement of the pressing rolls 41. The co",plession springs 53 are so arranged in the illu~trrq-tetl ~lllbo 1;-..~.1 that they are pr~ rqlly perpen~ ulAr to the arcuate line which connects 30 the center points of the pl~s~,ng rolls 41.
Recquse the radius of ~;ul~dlulc; of the arcuate line of the pressing rolls is slightly greater than that of the drying c~lh~de" the pressing rolls 41 which are arranged near to the central plane 47 are the first to contact the ci~wllferG lial surface of the drying cylinder as the support device is moved inward toward the drying c~linder. The pressing rolls 41 which are arranged at a ~list-nce from this plane contact the circumferential surface of the drying cylinder only when the p.~g rolls which are already in contact with the drying cylinder are moved back or re~cted against the reYiot-q-nrR of the co~plession springs 53.
When the path of evasion or retraction of the pl~s~ing rolls 41 arranged close to the centIal plane 47 is sel~t~ to be s~ffi~ iently large, the support device 49 can be pressed by means of the p essil g devices 51 so far against the drying cylinder 1 that all pressing rolls 41 finally lie on the cir~iu---r~l~.-tial surface of the cylinder.
Fig. 5 indicA~s the mq~im~lm region of the ci~;ul--Ç~GIlce which can at most be pressed upon by the pressing rolls 41. The cilcu---r~G -lial region c~ -~s~nds to a center angle a qmo ~nting to about 130~.
The co,.,~ enl of force of the individual p ~ss,ng rolls which is active for pl~g is greater the closer the rolls are to the region of the central plane 47. The total cir.iu~felGI~lial region acted on with a plessulG by the pressing device 43 is greateGr the further the support device 49 is moved in the direction towards the drying cylinder 1. By .liff~,ll activation of the pressing devices 51 which are arranged at a distance from the central plane 47, the region of the ~ Jl~i.UlG can be shifted around the ci-.iu",fG~Gnce of the cylinder. As shown in Fig. 8, it is also possible to distribute several pressing devices 51 in the longitu-1in~ql direction of the drying cylinder 1 over the width of a paper web 5, in order to also produce diLrG~GIlt ~si~u~s along this direction.
In view of the fo.~oing, it is clear that the pl~S;.Ul~,S exerted by the supportbelt 3 on the paper web 5 can be i~ lc~sed by the pressing device 43. The pl~i,UlGS
can be further varied locally by providing co",p ~sion springs 53 -q~ d with respe,;~ivep~si,i,g rolls 41 wh~lcin the springs have spring co~ -LY which are diLrGrGnt from each other. This enables the ~l~S~ lG distribution to be adjustedindividually over the cilculllrGlGlllial surface of the drying cylinder.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the support belt 3 and the paper web 5 are again w-~p~?ed by suitable guide rolls 7 around the drying cylinder 1. This 21 8896~
produces an increased angle of wrap since the cil~;ul~r~GIllial s~ s of the guide rolls 7 are ~ ~ by less than the ~;5'l'~ t~;;r of the drying cylinder 1.
Fig. 6 shows the p~ s over cir.iwllrelGl,lial regions of the drying cylinder 1, the cil.;u",r~ lial region being c1~ -.;7~ by the coll~s~ol ding center angle S ~.
The dld~lng graphs six diLrGr~t p~S~ ~ curves, co~ ul;vely from 0 to V.
The curve 0 shows that ples~ rG caused only by the tensile stress of the support belt 3 acting over the region ch~rt~ri7~d by the center angle a.
The curve I shows that as the support device is moved toward the drying 10 iylil~del, over a small region of the circumference of the drying cylinder, p~essu~s are built up which act symm~tri~lly to the central plane 47. The central plane is in~ ed in Fig. 6 in order to show this.
Curves II and m indic~t~5 the ~ UïG cQn~lit;t)nQ- which result upon further app~ach of the support device 49 toward the drying cylinder 1. The pl~;.ul~s both 5 il~ilG~ and extend over a wider c~u",f~nlial region of the drying cylinder until, as indicated by curve m. The ciL~;ulllr~,~,llial region deQ-ign~t~ by the center angle a is finally acted on with an ~ldiffon~l p~s~.~ which eYceeAQ the wire tension or support belt t~,nQion.
In the ~ hlg device 43 shown in Figs. 4 and 5, which has a plurality of 20 pl~blng rolls, due to the use of r~lively small pressing rolls, a relatively ulliÇJllllly distributed pr~s~ure on the ci~u",f~ntial surface of the drying cylinder can be assured, so as to in~s;ry the contact dry-ing.
..~ the support device on which the pressing rolls are fqQt~ned comprises at least two pressing devices 51 by which the support device can be moved against 25 the drying ~;ylil de., the circumferential region on which ~Mition~l pl~ si~ulc acts can be varied. Either the plessi, g device in the region of which the paper web initially enters is more strongly ac~ivaled than the p~ssing device which follows it, as seen in the direction of travel of the paper web, or vice versa. As can be noted fromeither of curves IV or V, this ~I;QSP1~~P~S the Qim~ ql pl~S~ul~ distribution with 30 reference to the central plane 47 of the drying cylinder.
In ;~dition~ use of several pressing devices distributed over the width of the p per web enables a ~ de'~ ~ distribution of the ples~ es to be obtained. This -1~
21 a~969 .
l~Uil~ c~ n~1ing susp~pnc7jon of the pressing rolls, so that they can be acted on Q~ifi--qlly in given regions with ~ l~iti..~ql pr~s.ll~s.
For eYq-mr'~, as suP~gest~d in Fig. 10, the cil~;ul.lfel~ ial s~fq~s of the pressing rolls 41 can have cin;ull-rclcll~ial gr~uves at spaced intervals along the roll S in which suitable mounts are provided via which ple~ les Lrdns~ to the centralaYis of the press~g rolls can also be produc~d. The gl'~).eS in the pressing rolls should be so s .~gP~l that grooves of adj~q-rP,nt pressing rolls are offset in location so that finally, un,Çollll pl~ing of the paper web against the surface of the drying cylinder is assured. The gr~o~es also provide air lubrication of the rolls.
As shown in Fig. 5, the pressing rolls can be qrrq-~çd with a roll housing of their own on the support device 49. The housing extends so far beyond the pressing rolls in the region of their c,~ulllfelcAlial surface that the rolls cannot fall out of the housing. It is possible to introduce ll-bricqnt for inQtqnce air, water or oil under pl~e, into the slit b~ the . i~ulllrt;lullial surface of the pl~i7i~ing rolls and the housing in order to reduce the frictional forces belw~n the roll and the housing to a ~--ini, It is rull~lc;llllO~ concei~ble to use ma_nPti~ rolls which, by suitable magnet devices, are mount~ free of friction in the region of their support and remain operable pr~cti( ql1y without l~qin~Pnq~A
Furthermore, it is posQillle to arrange the roll housing which lC~i~eS the g rolls with resilient spring action with respect to the support device 49 so asto assure the most !~-.;r.,.... possible action of p~s;,u~e on the cil.;ulllÇer~l tial surface of the drying ~lil~der. Such a suspenQ-ion of the pressing rolls can be provided also in the embo~ -t in Fig. 4, in which the central axes of the pressing rolls are 25 arranged on an im~in~ry arcuate line which extends subst~nti~lly parallel to the cilculllfer~ ial surface of the drying cylinder. The use of such resili~ntly mounted pl~g rolls is particl~lqrly pler~l~d for the e~ of the dryer section of Fig.
5, since in that case, the p,e~-g rolls are ~ d on an arcuate line having a radius of ~;w~alule which is greater than that of the drying cylinder. In this em~ mPnt, 30 to bring all pressing rolls into contact with the surface of the drying cylinder, the pressing rolls which first contact the surface of the cylinder must be able to move back or retract e1~ti~qlly with spring action into the support device. Fig. 5 shows 21 88~6~
-that the dirr~cnces bct~o~n the radii of the line of c.l.vatu c and of the drying d~ should not be too great, or else the ou~q~ st pressing rolls would no longer be able to be brought into contact with the drying cylinder.
Two or more ~djacPnt pressing rolls can also be suspPn~P~ by support 5 elF llçnl~ which receive two or more s ~jacent pressing rolls, which, in their turn, are oQ~nP.~ to the support device 49. To better co...l~n~le for tohP-~n~s, the support el~ can also be s~. lOe~l~ with respect to the support device. It is also possible to fasten the support el~PmPnt~ under spring action with respect to the support device and then to use them in the embo limPnt shown in Fig. 5.
If ~le~PmP~ nP~ " pressing rolls or partial pressing rolls, as illl-~t~tP~ in Fig. 9, which are arcuate in shape along their axes and which follow an arcuate line which is curved in the direction of the drying cylinder can be used, so that thepressing rolls or partial pressing rolls first contact the drying cylinder at their axial di~ ll central region and, upon fur~er l)l~ng, develop m~ l." ~ssurc in the 15 central region of the drying cylinder.
In view of the above, the pressing rolls used in the emb~;...Pnl~ shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 10 can also be f~tPnP~ to so called blast boxes 55 shown in Fig. 10, which are acted on by air or steam under pl~,SSUlc and co~ jr~tçd through the .~ivt; duct 56 into the support device 49. The drying behavior of the paper web 20 can be additionally influPn~ed in this manner particularly if the ~l..p~l~tu.~ in the blast boxes for the pressing rolls is varied over the circumferential surface of the drying ~i~lind~r.
From what has been stated above, the two embo~iment~ of Figs. 4 and 5 can be used in dryer sections having several drying cylinders and the pl~S;~UlC of the 25 pl~lg rolls 41 of the dirr~-t pressing devices 43 is adjustable ~ e1y for each drying cylinder. It is further possible to ~e several pressing rolls on support çlemPnt~ which are ~ g~ on a common support device or which have support devices of their own and can be controlled s.~-~Ply. This makes it possible to create zones of dirr~lt pleS~ distributed over the ci.cu..,fe~cnce of the drying30 cylinder, similar to the case of the pl~iSS~ boAes. In such cases, it is possible to provide the zones of the succ--c~;ve pressing devices of several drying cylinders in each case with the same ~l~Ul~S to provide a dryer section similar to that eYpl~inP~l 2l 88969 with l~re~ ce to Fig. 2. Ful~n~le, it is p~ ' lc to -q~sociqte pressing devices 43, each provided with pressing rolls, with several drying cylinders and in each case to provide zones of dirr~ t pl~Si~u~S in the pressing devices. The zones operate with different pleSS~lreS CO ~lct~y in~lepen~lent of each other. This provides a dryer S section which is similar to the one shown in Fig. 3.
It is cle. r that the pl~s;,ules c. n be adjusted in very variable fq~hion. It has also been shown that, even with a very slight pl~S~ , for in~t-qnce O.OS bar, ~ 1~itionql p~si,ule is applied which coll~n~s ap~?ro~ Ply to a doubling of the ---- wire ~ S C~ t~ today. This means that the pl~SSUl~,S can be very 10 err~ively increased with a pressing device developed as a ~l~s~ure box.
The above desclil)tions of Figs. 1 to 5, 7, 8 and 10 make it clear that the plessul~,s can be adjusted to the desired values both over the circumference of the drying cylinders and also over their length. Thus, the heat transfer within the dryer section can be adjusted individually or locally. By establishing an increase in the 15 dirr~r lial p~ ~e at the inlet into the dryer section, it is further possible to squeeze out an air cu~hinn based, for in~t~nc~, on c~ d air and in this way to also pGsilively affect the drying pr~p~llies by an i~ ved tr~qn~iti~n of heat. This particular advantage can be obtained without ~ditionql measures.
Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular 20 embo~lim~nt~ thereof, many other vtq~riqti~ns and m~Ylifi-~qti-)n~ and other uses will become aJ?p~l to those skilled in the art. It is pl~r~lled, ~,C;Ç~l~;, that the present invention be limited not by the specific t~ osllre herein, but only by the appended claims.
Claims (29)
1. A dryer section of a machine for manufacturing a paper web, the dryer sectionincluding at least one heatable drying cylinder with a circumferential surface on which the paper web is wrapped to be heated;
a web support belt, guide means for guiding the belt to wrap over part of the surface of the cylinder and to wrap over the web to be dried on the cylinder;
a pressing device in addition to the support belt and located outside the cylinder for pressing the web against the cylinder.
a web support belt, guide means for guiding the belt to wrap over part of the surface of the cylinder and to wrap over the web to be dried on the cylinder;
a pressing device in addition to the support belt and located outside the cylinder for pressing the web against the cylinder.
2. The dryer section of claim 1, wherein the pressing device comprises a pressure box outside the cylinder and the support belt.
3. The dryer section of claim 1, wherein the pressing device includes means forapplying differing pressures over respective regions of the surface of the cylinder which are wrapped by the support belt.
4. The dryer section of claim 3, wherein the regions of the surface of the cylinder comprise partial regions around the circumference of the cylinder.
5. The dryer section of claim 3, wherein the regions of the surface of the cylinder comprise respective regions along the width of the drying cylinder.
6. The dryer section of claim 3, wherein the regions of the surface of the cylinder comprise partial regions around the circumference of the cylinder and also regions along the width of the cylinder.
7. The dryer section of claim 3, wherein the pressing device comprises a pressure box outside the cylinder and support belt.
8. The dryer section of claim 7, wherein the pressure box includes respective zones therein at different locations over the cylinder surface, and at each zone a respective pressure can be applied.
9. The dryer section of claim 8, wherein the pressure box is acted upon by a pressure medium from the group consisting of compressed air, dry air and steam.
10. The dryer section of claim 8, wherein the different zones of the pressure box include means for delivering different respective pressure and the zones are located so that different pressures can be applied selectively to the surface in the circumferential direction or transversely to the circumferential direction.
11. The dryer section of claim 10, further comprising means at each of the zonesfor enabling variation of pressure at each zone.
12. The dryer section of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of the drying cylinders, each having a circumferential surface, and the guide means guiding the support belt and the web to wrap over a respective part of the surface of each of the drying cylinders; and a respective pressure box at at least some of the drying cylinders for pressing the support belt toward the respective part of the surface of the drying cylinder.
13. The dryer section of claim 12, wherein each of the pressure boxes includes respective zones therein at different locations over the cylinder surface, and at each zone a respective pressure can be applied.
14. The dryer section of claim 13, further comprising means for setting the pressure in each of the zones of each of the pressure boxes at each of the drying cylinders so that the pressures at the zones at each of the drying cylinders is the same.
15. The dryer section of claim 13, further comprising means at the zones adaptedto supply respective pressure levels such that all of the pressure devices at all of the drying cylinders are independently controllable.
16. The dryer section of claim 8, wherein the zones of the pressure box are defined by respective pressure chambers and there are at least two of the pressure chambers arranged along the circumference of the drying cylinder; and means sealing each of the pressure chambers from the other and from the surroundings of the pressure box.
17. The dryer section of claim 16, wherein the sealing means between the pressure chambers and the surroundings permit such emergence of air as to establish a gentle pressure transition across each of the sealing means.
18. The dryer section of claim 2, wherein the pressing device comprises a plurality of pressing rolls, each having a respective central axis, the central axes of the pressing rolls being arranged substantially parallel to each other and to the axis of rotation of the cylinder and being disposed on an imaginary generally arcuate line outside the cylinder and outside the support belt; at least some of the pressing rolls being positioned for applying pressure to the support belt.
19. The dryer section of claim 18, wherein at least some of the pressing rolls are shorter in length than the width of the web, and at least some of the shorter pressing rolls are arranged one behind the other with those arranged one behind the otherhaving their respective central axes substantially aligned,
20. The dryer section of claim 18, wherein the imaginary line on which the central axes of the pressing rolls are arranged has a radius of curvature which is at least equal to that of the drying cylinder.
21. The dryer section of claim 20, further comprising means elastically biasing the pressing rolls toward the support belt.
22. The dryer section of claim 20, further comprising a support device for holding the pressing rolls to be elastically biased toward the support belts.
23. The dryer section of claim 18, further comprising a support device for holding the pressing rolls at the support belt.
24. The dryer section of claim 23, further comprising two spaced apart pressing devices, independently actuatable for pressing the support device, and thereby the pressing rolls supported by the support device, toward the support belt.
25. The dryer section of claim 24, wherein the support device includes sectors thereof and the support device is adapted to be pressed sectorwise toward the cylinder for producing different pressures selectively in the direction of travel and transverse to the direction of travel of the web.
26. The dryer section of claim 18, wherein at least one of the pressing rolls iscurved in shape in the direction across the web to apply pressure of different intensity along the central axis of the respective curve pressing roll.
27. The dryer section of claim 18, including a plurality of the drying cylinders, each cylinder having the surface on which the web is heated, the guide means guiding the support belt and the web to wrap over part of the surface of each of the drying cylinders;
a respective pressing device at at least some of the drying cylinders, and at least some of the pressing devices comprising a respective plurality of the pressing rolls.
a respective pressing device at at least some of the drying cylinders, and at least some of the pressing devices comprising a respective plurality of the pressing rolls.
28. The dryer section of claim 8, wherein the pressure box is adapted for delivering different pressure selectively to the cylinder surface in the circumferential direction.
29. The dryer section of claim 8, wherein the pressure box is adapted for delivering different pressure selectively to the cylinder surface transversely to the circumferential direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19540003.8 | 1995-10-27 | ||
| DE1995140003 DE19540003A1 (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Cylinder dryer of a paper making machine |
| US70719596A | 1996-08-20 | 1996-08-20 | |
| US08/707,195 | 1996-08-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2188969A1 true CA2188969A1 (en) | 1997-04-28 |
Family
ID=26019830
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002188969A Abandoned CA2188969A1 (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1996-10-28 | Pressing the web to the dryer in a dryer section |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5787603A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2188969A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5913587A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1999-06-22 | Valmet Corporation | Dryer sections with intermediate calendering in a paper machine |
| US6065222A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 2000-05-23 | Valmet Corporation | Dryer sections with intermediate calendering in a paper machine |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19723163A1 (en) | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-10 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Dryer section |
| DE19941336A1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-01 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Drying device |
| DE19941334A1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-01 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Machine for the production and / or treatment of a material web |
| SE517689C2 (en) | 1999-11-26 | 2002-07-02 | Metso Paper Karlstad Ab | Drying section, for drying and controlling shrinkage of moist fiber web, comprises drying section members, primary belt set, and first web-contacting element |
| DE102005000782A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2006-07-20 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Drying cylinder for use in the production or finishing of fibrous webs, e.g. paper, comprises heating fluid channels between a supporting structure and a thin outer casing |
| CN115139439B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-04-25 | 中化工程沧州冷却技术有限公司 | Filler calender |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3206869A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1965-09-21 | Beloit Iron Works | Apparatus for applying a gloss to paper in drying thereof |
| FI54164C (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1978-10-10 | Nokia Oy Ab | FOER REQUIREMENTS FOR ANIMAL READING AV EN TISSUEPAPPERSBANA FRAON PICK-UP-VAEVNADEN OCH FOER DESS OEVERFOERING TILL EN GENOMSTROEMNINGSTORK |
| US4738035A (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1988-04-19 | Babcock-Bsh Aktiengesellschaft | Drying apparatus for sliced veneer |
| US4750275A (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-06-14 | Sando Iron Works Co., Ltd. | Cylinder drying machine |
| US4889048A (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-12-26 | Miller Ray R | High heat flux roll and press utilizing same |
| FI82274C (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1991-02-11 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Method of hot pressing and drying device |
| US4922627A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1990-05-08 | Albany International Corp. | Press drying concept |
| US5545295A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1996-08-13 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Web transfer device |
| US5553392A (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 1996-09-10 | Tokushu Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Process and apparatus for drying sheet materials |
-
1996
- 1996-10-28 CA CA002188969A patent/CA2188969A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-28 US US08/738,478 patent/US5787603A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5913587A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1999-06-22 | Valmet Corporation | Dryer sections with intermediate calendering in a paper machine |
| US6065222A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 2000-05-23 | Valmet Corporation | Dryer sections with intermediate calendering in a paper machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5787603A (en) | 1998-08-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19991028 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19991028 |