CA2185949A1 - Satellite trunked radio service system - Google Patents

Abstract

In a mobile satellite system, a system for providing satellite communication between multiple users in a closed user group arrangement includes first and second mobile earth terminals (METs) responsively connected to and registering with the mobile satellite system. The first MET selects a closed user group network identifier (NET
ID) representing a NET group including the first and second METs to establish voice communication therewith and transmits the NET ID to a central controller. The central controller receives the NET ID from the first MET, validates the first MET for communication, validates the NET ID, allocates a frequency for the NET group, and broadcasts the message to the NET group including the second MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith. The second MET tunes to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller, and the central controller assigns the first MET as current speaker for the NET group.

Description

SAT~T~T~TTE TRT~NKE~) R~DI0 SERVICE SYSTEM
Related A~lication This application claims priority from U.S. provisional application serial number 60/003,989 filed on September 19, 1995 entitled "Satellite Trunked Radio Service System. "
Technical Field The present invention relates generally to a satellite trunked radio service system ~or satellite communication, and more particularly, to a satellite trunked radio service system for satellite communication ut;l;~;n~ a shared satellite demand period circuit associated with private voice networks.
Backqround Art An overview of the satellite network system is illustrated in Figure 1. The satellite network system design provides the capability for METs and FESs to access one or more multiple beam satellites located in geostationary orbit to obtain communications services.
The heart of the satellite network system for each of the networks is the Network Control System (NCS) which monitors and controls each of the networks. The principal

2 1 85949 function o~ the NCS is to manage the overall satellite network system, to manage access to the 3atellite network system, to assign satellite circuits to meet the requirements of mobile customers and to provide network management and network administrative and call accounting f unct ions .
The satellites each transmit and receive signals to and from METs at L-band frequencies and to and from Network Communications Controllers tNCCs) and Feederlink lû Earth Stations (FESs) at Ku-band frequencies.
Communications at L-band ~requencies is via a number o~
satellite beams which together cover the service area.
The satellite beams are sufficiently strong to permit voice and data communications using inexpensive mobile terminals and will provide for irequency reuse o~ the L-band spectrum through inter-beam isolation. A single beam -~
generally covers the service area.
The satellite network system provides the capability for mobile earth terminals to access one or more multiple beam satellites located in geostationary orbit ~or the purposes of providing mobile communications services. The satellite network system is desired to provide the following general categories o~ service:
Mobile Telephone Service (MT~). This service provides point-to-point circu~t switched voice connections between

- 3 - 15a6-007 mobile and puhlic switched telephone network (PSTN) subscriber stations. It is possible for calls to be originated by either the mobile t~rm;ni91 or terrestrial user. Mobile t~rm;n~l-to-mobile t~rm;n~l calls are also supported.
Mobile Radio Service (MRS). This service provides point-to-point circuit switched connections between mobile terminal subscriber stations and subscriber stations in a private network (PN) which is not a part of the PSTN. It is possible for calls to be originated from either end.
Mobile terminal-to-mobile terminal calls are also supported .
Mobile Telephone Cellular Roaming Service (MTCRS) .
This service provides Mobile Telephone Service to mobile subscribers who are also equipped with cellular radio telephones. Whe~ the mobile terminal is within range of the cellular system, calls are serviced by the cellular system. When the mobile terminal is not in range of the cellular system, the MTCRS is 6elected to handle the call 2 0 and appears to the user to be a part of the cellular system. When the mobile terminal is not in range o~ the cellular system, the MTCRS is selected to handle the call and appears to the user to be a part of the cellular system. It is possible for calls to be originated either from the MET or the PSTN. Mobile terminal-to-mobile ~ 21 85949

- 4 - 1506-007 terminal calls are also supported.
Mobile Data Service (MDS). This service provides a packet switched connection between a data terminal equipment (DTE) device at a mobile terminal and a data communications equipment (DCE) /DTE device connected to a public switched packet network. Integrated voice/data operation iæ also supported.
The satellites are designed to transmit signals at L-band frequencies in the frequency band 1530-1559 MHz.
They will receive I.-band frequencies in the fre~uency band 1631.5 - 1660.5 MEz. Polarization is right hand circular in both bands. The satellites will also transmit in the Ku frequency band, 10,750 MHz to 10,950 MHz, and receive Ku-band signals in the frequency band 13, 000 to 13, 250 MHz.
The satellite tr~n~p~nflPrs are designed to translate communications signals accessing the ~atellite at Ku-band f requencies to an L-band f requency in a given beam and vice versa. The translation will be such that there is a one-to-one relation between frequency spectrum at Ku-band and frequency spectrum in any bearn at ~-band. The satellite transponders will be capable of supporting L-band communications in any portion of the 29 MEz allocation in any beam.
Transponder capacity is also provided for Ku-band ~ 21 8594q

- 5 - 1506-007 uplink to Ku-band down-link for si~n~l 1 ;n~ and network management purposes between FESs and NCCs. The aggregate effective isotropic radiated power (AEI~P) is defined as that satellite e~i.r p. that would result if the total available communications power of the communications subsystem was applied to the beam that covers that part of the service area . Some of the key perf ormance parameters of the satellite are listed in Figure~ 2.
The satellite network 6ystem interfaces to a number of entities which are required to access it for various purposes. Figure 3 is a con~ext diagram of the satellite network system illustrating these entities and their respective interfaces. Three major classes of entities are defined as user of communications services, ~xl~~l^n~l organizations re~uiring coordination, and network management system.
The users of satellite network communications services are MET users who access the satellite network system either via terrestrial networks (PSTN, PSDN, or Private Networks) or via METs for the purpose of using the services provided by the system. FES Owner/Operators are those organizations which own and control FESs that provide a terrestrial interface to the satellite network.
When an FES becomes a part of the satellite network, it must meet specified 'echnical performance criteria and . .

21 85~9

- 6 - 1506-OQ7 interact with and accept real-time control from the NCCs.
FES Owner/Operators determine the customized services that are offered and are ultimately responsible for the operation and maîntenance of the FES. Customers and service provider8 interact with the Customer Mana~ement Information System within the Network Management System.
The satellite network system interf aces to, and performs transactions with, the external organizations described below:
Satellite Operations Center (SOC): The SOC is not included in the satellite network ground segment design.
However, the 8atellite network system interf aces with the SOC in order to maintain co~n; 7~n~e of the availability of satellite resources (e . g . in the event of satellite health problems, eclipse operations, etc. ) and, from time to time, to arrange for any necessary satellite reconfiguration to meet changes in traffic requirements.
NOC: The satellite network system interf aces with the satellites located therein via the NOC for a ~ariety of operational reasons including message delivery and coordination .
Independent ~OC8: The satellite network system interfaces with outside organizations which lease resources on satellite net~ork satellites and which are responsible for managing and allocating these resources in ~ 21 85949

- 7 - 1506-007 a manner suited to their own needs.
Other System NOCs: This external entity represents outside organizations which do not lease resources on satellite network satellite~ but with whom operational 5 coordination is required.
The satellite network management system (NMS) i8 normally located at an administration' s headc~uarters and may comprise three maj or functional entities; Customer Management In~ormation System (CMIS); Network Engineering, and Sy~tem Engineering (NE/SE) . These entities perform functions necessary for the management and maintenance of the ~atellite network system which are closely tied to the way the administration intends to do business. The basic funct~ ons which are performed by CMIS, Network Engineering, and Sy~3tem Engineering are as follows:
Customer Management Information System: This entity provides customers and service pro~Tiders with assistance and information including problem resolution, service changes, and billing/usage data. Customers include individual MET owners and fleet managers of larger corporate customer~. Service providers are the retailers and ~n~;nr~n~n~ or~ni7;~ n~ which interact face to face with individual and corporate customers.
Network Engineering: This entity develops plans and performs analysis in support of the ~ystem. Network

- 8 - 15P6-007 Engineering analyzes the reguirements of the network. It reco~ciles expected traffic loads with the capability and availability of space and ground resources to produce frequency planæ for the different beams within the system.
In addition, Network Engineering defines contingency plans for failure situations.
System Engineeri~g: This entity engineers the subsystems, equipment and software which is needed to expand capacity to meet increases in traf f ic demands and to provide new ~eatures and services which become marketable to subscribers.
The Qatellite network system compriseQ a number o system ~ n1~ and their interconnecting communications links as illustrated in Figure 4. The system elements are the NOC, the NCC, the FES, the MET, the Remote Monitor Station (RMS), and the System Test Station ~STS) . The interrrnn~r~; ng communications links are the satellite network Internetwork, terrestrial links, the MET signaling channels, the Interstatio~ signaling rll~nn~l Q, and the MET-FES communicatio~s r~ n~l Q. The major functions o each of the system elements are as follows:
NOC. The NOC manages and controls the resources of the satellite network system and carries out the administrative unctions associated with the management o 25 the total Qatellite network system. The NOC communicates ~ 21 ~5949

- 9 - 1506-007 with the various internal and ~Ytf~rn~l entities via a local area network (LAN) /wide area network (WAN) based satellite network Internetwork and dial-up lines, NCC. The NCC manages the real time allocation of circuits between METs and FESs for the purposes of supporting communications. The available circuits are held in circuit pools managed by Group Controllers (GCs) within the NCC. The NCC communicates with the NOC via the satellite network Internetwork, with FESs via Ku-to-Ku band interstation signaling ~h~nnPl q or terrestrial links, and with mobile tf~rmi n;ll 9 via Ku-to-L band signaling ~h~nnPl q .
FES. The FES supports communications links between METs, the PSTN, private networks, and other MTs. Once a channel is established with an MET, call completion and service ~eature management is accomplished via In-Band signaling over the communication channel. Two types of FESs have been defined for the satellite network system;
Gateway FESs and Base FESs. Gateway FESs provide MTS, MRS, MTCRS and NR services. Base FESs are for like services and/or value added services.
MET, The MET provides ~he mobile user access to the communications ~h~nnPl,q and services provided by the satellite network system. A range of terminal types has been defined for the satellite network system.

- 10 - 1506-0~7 RMS. The RMS monitors L-band RF spectrum and transmission performance in specific L-band beams. An RMS
iS n~ 'n~l ly located in each L-band beam. Each RMS
interf aces with the NOC via either a satellite or terrestrial link.
STS. The STS provides an L-band network access capability to support FES commissioning test3 and network service diagnostic tests. The STS i8 collocated with, and interf aced to, the NOC .
('rlmmlln;~tiong channels transport voice, data and facsimile transmissio~s between METs and FESs via the satellite. Connectivity for MET-to-MET calls is accomplished by double hopping the com~mUunications ~hi~nn~l q via equipped FESs. Signaling ~h~nn~ are used to set up and tear down communications circuits, to monitor and control FES and MET operation, and to transport other necessary information between network elements for the operatio~ of satellite network. ~he system provides Out-of-Band and Interstation signaling t~.h~nnf~l q for establishing calls and transferring information. In-Band signaling is provided on established communications ~h;~nni~l c for supervisory and feature activation purposes.
A detailed description of the satellite network signaling system architecture is provided in L. White, et al., "North American Mobile Satellite System Signaling 2 1 8594~

- 11 - 1506-OQ7 Architecture, " AL~A 14th International Communications Satellite Conference, Washington, DC (March 1992~, incorporated herein by reference.
The satellite network Internetwork provides interconnection among the major satellite network ground system elements such as the NOCs, NCCs, and Data Hubs, as well as Pr~rn~l entities. Various leased and dial-up lines are used for specific application3 within the satellite network system such as backup interstation links between the NCC and FESs and interconnection of RMSs with the NOC.
The primary function of the NOC is to manage and control the resources of the satellite network system.
Figure 5 is a basic block diagram of the NOC and its interface. The NOC computer is shown with network connections, peripheral disks, fault tolerant features, and expansion capabilities to accommodate future growth.
The NOC software is represented as two major layers, a functional layer and a support layer. The functional layer represents the application specific portion of the NOC sof tware . The support layer represents so~tware subsystems which provide a general class of services and are used by the subsystems in the ~unctional layer.
The application specific functions perEormed by the NOC are organi~ed according to five categories: fault -.

- 12 - 1506-00 management, accounting management, conf iguration management, performance management, and security management. The general NCC Terminal E~uipment (NCCTE) configuration showing constituent equipment ;l'l~ P/:I
processing equipment, communications equipment, mass storage ecuipment, man-machine interface equipment, and optional secure MET Access Security Key (ASK) storage equipment. The ~rocessing Equipment consists of one or more digital processors that provide overall NCC control, NCS call processing, network access processing and internetwork communications proceæsing.
The Communications Equipment consists o~ satellite signaling and communications channel units and E'ES
terre3trial communication link interface units. The Mass Storage Equipment provides NCC network configuration database storage, call record spool buf f ering an cllt~hl e program storage . The Man-Machine Interface Equipment provides operator command, display and hard copy facilities, and operator access to the computer operating systems. The MET ASK storage Ec~uipment provides a physically secure facility for protecting and distributing MET Access Security Keys.
The NCCTE comprises three functional su-hsystems:
NCCTE Common E~uipment Subaystem, Group Controller Subsystem, and Network Access Subsystem. The NCCTE Common , 2t 85949

- 13 - 1506-007 Equipment subsystem comprises an NCC Controller, NCCTE
mass storage ~acilities, and the NCCTE man-machine interface. The NCC Controller consists of processing and database resources which perform functions which are common to multiple Group Controllers. The6e functions include satellite network Internetwork communications, central control and monitoring of the NCCTE and NCCRE, storage of the network configuration, buffering of FES and Group Controller call accounting data, transfer of transaction information to the Off-li~e ~CC and control and monitoring of FESs.
The Mass Storage element provides NCC network configuration data~ase storage, call accounting data spool buffering, a~d NCCTE executaole program storage. The Man-machine Interface provides Operator command and display facilities for control and monitoring of NCC operation and ;n~llltlPq hard copy facilities ~or logging events and alarms. A Group Controller (GC) is the physical NCC
entity consisti~g of hardware and software processiny resources that provides real time control according to the CG database received from the NOC.
The Group Controller Subsystem may incorporate one to four Group Controllers. Each Group Controller maintains state machines for every call in pro~ress within the Control Group. It allocates and de-allocates circuits for ~ 21~5949

- 14 - 1506-007 FES-MET calls within each beam of the system, manages virtual network call processing, MET authentication, and provides certain elements of call accounting. When required, it provides satellite bandwidth resources to the NOC for AMS (R) S resource provisioning. The Group Controller monitors the performance of call processing and satellite circuit pool utilization. It also performs MET
management, commissioning and periodic performance verif ication testing .
The Network Access Subsystem consists of ~atellite interface channel equipment for Out-of-Band signaling and Interstation Signaling which are used to respond to MET
and FES requests for communications services. The Network Access Processor al~o includes MET communications interfaces that are u~ed to perform MET commission testing. In addition, the subsystem includes terrestrial data link equipment for selected FES Interstation Signaling .
The principal function of the FES is to provide the required circuit switched connections between the satellite radio channel~, which provide communications links to the mobile earth terminals, and either the PSTN
or PN. FESs will be configured as Gateway Stations (GS) to provide MTS and MTCRS services or Base Stations to p vide MRS and Net adio services (described in detail

- 15 - 15Q6-QQ7 below). Gateway and Base functions can be combined in a ~ingle station.
The FES opera~es under the real time control of the Network Communications Controller (NCC) to implement the call set-up and take-down procedures of the communications rh~nnPl c to and from the METs. Control of the FES by the NCC is provided via the interstation signaling rh~nnPl An FES will support multiple Control Groups and Virtual Networks. The FES is partitioned into two major iunctional blocka, the FES RF Equipment (FES-RE) and the FES Terminal Equipment (FES-TE) . The principal function of the FES-RE i8 to provide the radio transmission functions for the FES. In the transmit direction it combines all signals from the communications and interstation cignaling channel unit outputs from the FES-TE, and amplifies them and up-co~vert thesP to Ku-Band for transmission to the satellite via the antenna. In the receive direction, signals received from the satellite are down-converted from Ku-Band, amplified and distributed to the channel units within the FES-TE. Additional functions include satellite induced Doppler correction, satellite tracking and uplink power control to combat rain fades.
The principal function of the FES-TE i~ to perform the basic call proceasing functions for the FES and to connect the METs to the appropriate PSTN or PN port. Under

- 16 - 1506-007 control of the NCC, the FES assigns communications channel units to handle calls initiated by MET or PSTN
subscribers. The FES-TE also performs alarm reporting, call detaIl record recording, and provision of operator interf aces .
For operational convenience, an FES may in some cases be collocated with the NCC. In this event, the NCC RF
Equipment will be shared by the two system elements and the interstation signaling may be via a I,AN. Connection to and from the PSTN is via standard North American interconnect types as negotiated with the organization providing PSTN interconnection. This will typically be a primary rate digital interconnect . Connection to and f rom private networks is via standard North American interconnect types as negotiated with the organization requesting satellite network service. This will typically be a primary rate digital interconnect for larger FESs or an analog interconnect fDr EESs equipped with only a limited number of ~ nn~-l.q may be employed.
We have discovered that there is a general need for an integrated mobile telephone that can be used to transmit to, and receive from, to communicate in a Closed User Group (CUG) arrangement that allows each member of the group to hear what any other user is saying. Each member 25 of the group can also talk when needed. The system -2~ 85949

- 17 - 1506-007 behaves like a radio multi-party line where several parties communicate over the same communication channel.
Public services and law enf orcement agencies are typical usera of this service, which is normally provided by either traditional terrestrial radio networks or by the more recent trunked radio systems~ These trunked systems, generally in the 800-900 MHz band, provide groups of end users with virtual private systems by assigning frequencies to CUGEI on a demand basis. In this connection, however, we have discovered that an integrated mobile communication device is needed that provides this ability to communicate in a CUG of a satellite network.
Further, we have discovered that if this type of satellite trunking utilizes a shared satellite demand period circuit per CUG rather than one circuit per mobile user, the cost per minute of a group conversation would be much less expensive to the owner of the group.
We have also discovered that the call set-up time for one shared circuit per GUG compared to a mobile radio service multi-user conference set-up time is likely to be more acceptable to a group end user/operator, who normally expects to be able to talk as soon as the handset/microphone is taken of ~-hook. Further, we have discovered the need for a nationwide and regional point-to-multipoint mobile communication service that is not -21~5949

- 18 - 1506-007 limited in coverage.
Summarv of ~he Inventior~
It is a feature and advantage of the present invention to provide an integrated rnobile telephone that can be used to transmit and receive in a Closed User Group (CUG) arrangement that allows each member of the group to hear what any other user is saying.
It is another feature and advantage of the present invention to permit each member of the group to talk when needed, and to provide a system that behaves like a radio multi-party line.
It is a further feature and advantage of the present invention to provide an integrated mobile communication device that can communicate in a CUG of a satellite network.
It is another feature and advantage of the present invention to provide an inexpensive satellite trunking service to the owner of the group.
It i3 another feature and advantage of the present invention to minimize the call set-up time for one shared circuit per CUG.
It is another feature and advantage of the present invention to general y effectively and efficiently 2 ~ 8594q

- 19 - 1506-007 effectuate transmissions between mobile communication devices and the satellite network in a closed user group environment by utilizing an efficient communication protocol .
It is another feature and advantage of the invention to provide a nationwide and regional point-to-multipoint mobile communication service that is not limited in coverage .
The present invention is based, in part, on the desirability of providing point-to-multipoint circuit switched connections between mobile terminal subscriber stations and ~ central base station. Mobile users are able to listen to two-way conversations and to transmit using a push-to-talk mode of operation.
To achieve these and other features and advantages of the present invention, a mobile communication system is provided in a mobile satellite syætem. The mobile satellite system includes a satellite communication switching office having a satellite antenna for receiving/transmitting a satellite message via a satellite from/to a vehicle using a mobile communication system, a satellite interface system, a central controller receiving/transmitting the satellite message from/to the satellite communication switching office issued from the vehicle via the satellite and the satellite interface

- 20 - 1506-007 system. The mobile communication system includeæ a user interface system providing a user interface through which a user has access to services supported by the mobile satellite system, and an antenna system providing an interface between the mobile communication system and the mobile satellite system via the satellite interface system, and receiving a first satellite message from the satellite and transmitting a second satellite message to the satellite. The antenna system includes an antenna including one of a directional and an omnidirectional configuration, a diplexer, an amplifier, a low noise amplifier, a beam 6teering unit when the antenna is of the directional configuration, and at least one of a compass and sensor to determine vehicle orientation. The mobile communication system also includes a transceiver system, operatively connected to the antenna system, including a receiver and a transmitter. The transmitter converts the second satellite message ;n~llltl;ng at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling signals into a modulated signal, and transmits the modulated signal to the antenna system.
The transmitter includes an amplif ier, a f irst converter and associated first fre~uency synthesizer, a modulator, an encoder, multiplexer, scrambler and frame formatter for at least one of voice, fax, and data. The receiver accepts the first satellite message from the antenna

21 85949 system and converts the first satellite message into at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling signals, at least one of the voice, data and fax signals routed to the user interface system. The receiver includes a second converter with an associated second fre~uency synthe8izer, a demodulator, a decoder, demultiplexer, descrambler and frame unformatter for at least one of voice, fax, and data. The mobile communication system also includes a logic and signaling system, operatively connected to the transceiver, controlling initialization of the mobile communication system, obtai~ing an assigned outbound signaling channel from which updated system information and ,: n~F: and messages are received. The logic and signaling system configures the transceiver for reception and transmission of at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling messages, and controls protocols between the mobile communication system and the mobile satellite system, and validating a received signalling messages and generating codes for a signaling message to be 2 0 transmitted .
In one embodiment of the invention, a system for providing satellite communication between multiple users in a closed user group arrangement includes f irst and second mobile earth terminals (METs) responsively cr~nn,~ct.o~l to and reg~stering with the mobile satellite 2t 85949

- 22 - 1506-007 system. The f irst MET selects a closed user group network identif ier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the f irst and second METs to establish voice communication therewith and transmits the NET ID to a central controller. The central col3troller receives the NET ID
from the first MET, validates the first MET for communication, validates the NET ID, allocates a frequency for the NET group, and broadcasts the message to the NET
group including the second MET informing the NET group of the allocated ire~uency and the voice communication associated therewith. The second MET tunes to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller, and the central controller assigns the first MET as current speaker for the NET group.
In another embodiment of the invention, a method of providing satellite communication bet~reen multiple users in a closed user group arrangement includes the steps of f irst and second mobile earth terminals (METs) registering with the mobile satellite system, the first MET selecting a closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the f irst and second METs to establish voice communication therewith The method also ;n~ the steps of the first MET
transmitting the NET ID to the central controller, the central controller receiving the NET ID/ validating the 21~5949

- 23 - 1506-007 first MET for c:, n; r~tion/ validating the NET ID, allocating a fre~uency for the NET group, and broadcasting the me3sage to the NET group including the second MET
informing the NET group o~ the allocated frerluency and the voice communication associated therewith. The method also includes the steps of the second MET tuning to the freriuency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller, and assigning by the central controller the first MET as current speaker for the NET
group.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method also includes the step of monitoring by the first and second METs whether at least one of a dispatcher message, a priority message and a release of speaker message has been issued, and if so, interrupting the current speaker with the at least one of the dispatcher message, the priority message and a new speaker. The method also includes the steps of monitoring by the central controller whether the current speaker is active, and if not, removing the current speaker and setting the current speaker to vacant, notifying by the central controller the f irst and second METs that the current speaker is vacant, and initiating by one of the f irst and second METs a rerluest to be the new speaker. The method further 2 1 859~9

- 24 - 1506-007 includes the steps of receiving by the central controller the re~uest from a first of the one of the first and second METs to be the new speaker, and assigning the first of the one of the f irst and second METs as the new speaker, ~ and releasing the closed user group communication when no request from the one of the first and second METs is made to be the new speaker for a predetermined period of time.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method also includes the steps of a third MET included in the NET
group registering with the mobile satellite system, and the central controller broadcasting the message to the NET
group including the third MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith. The method also ;nr l~ C the steps of the third MET tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller by generating a scrambling vector for access thereto. The third MET gains access to the frequency and the voice communication of the NET group using the scrambling vector According to the invention, the central controller advantageously controls the closed user group satellite communication including net radio parameters used by the first and second METs. The central controller also 21 8594~
.

selectively downloads the NET IDs to the first and second METs according to predet~rm;n~ user criteria.
The central controller advantageously collects billing information regarding the closed user group satellite communlcation and transmits the billing information to the mobile satellite æystem. The mobile satellite system optionally charges a service fee to a customer that has requested the closed user group arrangement instead of each o~ the individual users in the NET group thereby consolidating the billing transactions and permitting a single customer to monitor communication charges.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method includes the steps of a non-MET accessing the mobile satellite system via either a public switched telephone network or a cellular network to initiate a closed user group communication with the NET group including at least one of the first and second METs, the central controller broadcasting the message to the NET group informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith, and the at least one of the first and second METs tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller to communicate with the non-MET in th~ closed user group arrangement.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method .

21 ~5949 includes the steps of the first MET s~ ;ng the closed user: group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET
group including the ~irst MET and a non-MET serviced by one o~ a public switched telephone network and a cellular network to establish voice communication therewith, and the first MET transmitting the NET ID to the central controller. Additionally, the method includes the central controller receiving the NET ID, det~rrn;n;n~ that the NET
group includes the non-MET, and broadcasting a non-MET
message to either the public switched telephone network or the cellular network including the voice communication associated therewith, and either the public switched telephone network or the cellular network receiving the non-MET message from the central controller and transmitting the non-MET message to the non-MET to establish the closed user group arrangement between the MET and the non-MET.
The f irst MET bene~icially includes a push to talk (PTT) device for generating the release of speaker message. The ~irst MET activates the PTT device generating a PTT signal only when the PTT device is activated a~ter the current speaker is vacant, relievi~g congestion on the satellite by selectively transmitting the PTT signal.
The central controller advantageously selectively downloads monitor codes to the f irst and second METs accordi~g to predetermined user criteria. The monitor code functions to lock the first and second METs to the NET group preventing the NET group f rom being released when no request has been made by the f irst or second METs to be the current speaker af ter the predetermined period of time.
These together with other objects and advantages which will be subsequently apparent, reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully herein described and claimed, with reference being had to the accompanying drawings f orming a part hereof wherein like numerals ref er to like elements throughout.
., Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinqs Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of the satellite network system;
Fig . 2 is a diagram illustrating key perf ormance parameters of the satellite used in the satellite network system;
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the satellite network system illustrating components and respective interfaces;
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a satellite network system illustrating a number of system elements and their interconnecting comm=nications links;
_ 21 8594q .

Fig. 5 is a basic block diagram of the ~OC and its interf aces;
Fig. 6 is a basic block diagram of the physical architecture of the mobile earth tf~rrn;nAl;
Fig. 7 is a basic block diagram of the functions of the mobile earth terminal;
Fig. 8 illustrates the basic concept and elementY
involved in estAhl ~ Tnont of communications and control in the Net Radio system;
Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example of a Net Radio service subscribing or~An;7At;--n with several communication nets;
Figs. lOA-lOC are flowcharts of the overall process conducted by the various components in establishment of communications and control in the Net Radio system;
Fig. ll illustrates the service categories for Net Radio;
Fig. 12 illustrates the A~l~;t;~nAl GC-S messages in each group;
2 0 Fig . 13 is an illustration of the ~ormat of the NID_SU;
Fig. 14 is an illustration of the content of the NID-SU;
Fig. 15 is an illustration of the format of the NA_SU;
Fig. 16 is an illustration of the content of the "~ .

NA_SU;
Fig. 17 is an illuætration of the format of the NRCHA_SU;
Fig. 18 iæ an illustration of the content of the NRCX~- SU;
Fig. 19 is an illustration of the MET-ST mesæages that are of the Network Management Category;
Fig. 20 iæ an illustration of the format of the ~A_SU;
Fig. 21 i8 an illustration of the content of the MMA-SU;
Fïg. 22 is an illustration of the format of the NRACR_SU;
Fig. 23 ~s an illustration of the content of the NRACR- SU;
Fig. 24 is an illustration identifying the mesæage~ in each call control group;
Fig. 25 iæ an illustration of the content of the PTT-SU;
Fig. 26 iæ an illustration identifying MET timing requirements;
Fig. 27 is an ~llustration identifying MET call monitor codeæ;
Fig. 28 iæ an illustration of a MET orlginated net radio call mesæage flow;

Fig. 29 is an illustration of a MET originated Net Radio call setup event tree;
Fig. 30 i~ an illustration of a ~ymbol key for u~e in the various figure~ ;nt~ll]~l;ng the event tree figure~;
Fig. 31 is an illustration of a MET call monitoring event tree;
Fig. 32 is an illustration of a MET call supervision event tree;
Fig. 33 is an illustration o~ a MET PTT frame ~tructure;
Fig~. 34 (a), (b) and (c) are an illustration of a Net Radio call release me~eage flow and ~rame ~tructure;
Fig. 35 i~ an illu~tration of a perceived hangtimer f or~ MET u~er~;
Fig. 36 is an illustration of a MET originated private mode call setup mes~age flow;
Fig. 37 i8 an illu~tration of a MET Priority 1 event tree; and Fig. 38 i~ a glo~sar,v of commonly used acronyms.
~3e~ Mode ~or Carrvinq Out the Invention The preæent invention provide~ point-to-multipoint circuit ~witched connections between mobile terminal ~ub~criber ~tation~ and a central ba~e station. Mobile users are able to listen to two-way conver~ation~ and to transmit using a push-to-talk mode of operation.
The MET includes all of the communication and control functions necessary to support communications from a vehicle or f ixed remote site using the resources of the satellite network system. Figs. 6 and 7 are basic block diagrams of the physical architecture and functions of the mobile earth terminal. The basic functional diagram of Fig. 7 is implemented by baseband processing and RF
electronics of Fig. 6. A standard voice coder/decoder receives coded messages from the baseband processing and RF electronic system and decodes the message received from the satellite antenna unit for delivery to the interface unit that includes standard user interfaces. Baseband processing and RF electronics re~eive satellite communications responsive with low noise amplifier (IJMA) and output signals for transmission using the diplexer of the antenna unit. Baseband processing and RF electronics also outputs signals for use with beam steering antennas as will be discussed blow. Advantageously, the mobile earth terminal is functional with antennas that are either steerable or nonsteerable.
The functional subsystems comprising the MET are shown in Fig. 7 and include the user interface, transceiver, antenna, logic and signaling, power supply subsystems, and

25 Position Determination subsystem. The baseline MET will - 32 - 150~-007 have a low gain directional antenna in the antenna subsystem. The satellite network system supports communications with METs using omnidirectional and higher gain directional antennas.
The user interface subsystem provides the user interfaces through which the user has access to the services supported by the satellite network system.
Depending on the service (s) the MET will be equipped with one or mor~ of the devices or ports. The transceiver subsystem consists of a receiver- and a transmitter. The transmitter accepts voice, data, fax and signaling signals and converts them to a modulated RF signal. The tran~mit RF signal is routed to the antenna subsystem. The '~
transmitter typically con~ists of the high power amplif ier (HPA), the upconverter with its associated fre~Luency synthesi2er, the modulators and the modules for voice, Fax, or data encoding, multiplexing, scrambling, FEC
encoding, interleaving and frame formatting.
The receiver accept~ modulated RF signals from the antenna subsystem and converts them into voice, data, fax or signaling signals a~ appropriate. The voice, data and fax signals are routed to the user interface subsystem.
The receiver typically consists of the downconverter with its associated fre~uency synthesizer, the demodulator, and the modules for ~rame de-formatting, de-interleaving, FEC

decoding, descrambling, demultiplexing and voice, Fax, or data decoding. The transceiver communicates over one channel in each direction at any one time. Thus, the transceiver subsystem will typically consist o~ only one receiver and one transmitter. Xowever, the MET may al30 incorporate a pilot receiver for ~nt,~nni~ and frequency tracking purposes, or a complete receiver dedicated to the continuous reception oE the signaling channel from the Group Controller.
The antenna subsystem provides the MET interface to the satellite network and is responsible for receiving the RF signal from the satellite and transmitting the RF
signal generated by the MET towards the satellite. The subsystem typically; n~ an antenna which may be either directional or omnidirectional, a diplexer, a low noise amplifier (LNA), an optional beam steering unit (BS~) if a directional antenna is used, a device sùch as a compass or an inertial sensor for the determination of the orientation of the vehicle, and an antenna for the po3ition ~let.~rrn;n~tion receiver.
The loyic and signaling subsystem acts as the central controller for the MET. Its basic functions are to initialize the MET by per~orming a self test at power up and control, based on a resident system table, the acquisition of one o~ the METs assigned outbound signaling 2 1 85q49 ~h;lnnPl Fl from which updated system information and n~lq and mesgageg from the GC are derived. The logic and signaling subsystem æets up and conf igures the tran3ceiver for the reception and transmission of voice, data, fax or signaling messages as appropriate. The logic and signaling subsystem also handles the protocols between the MET and the FES and between the MET the GC via signaling messages, and checks the validity of the received signaling messages (Cyclic ~ n~n- e Check (CRC) ) and generates the CRC codes for the signaling message transmitted by the MET.
The logic and signaling subsystem also interprets the n~1~ received from ~he local user via the user interface subsystem (e.g. on/off hook, dialled numbers, etc ) and take the appropriate actions needed, and generates, or r ~1rnm~n~1q the generation, of control signals, messages and indications to the user through the u3er interface subsystem. The logic signaling system also controls the beam steering unit (if any) in the antenna subsystem, and monitors and tests all the other subsystems. In case o~ ~ault detection, it informs the user about the failure and take the appropriate measures needed to prevent harmful interference to the satellite network or other systems.
The power supply subsystem provides power to all other 2 ~ 85949 subsystems. The ~l~t,-rn;~l voltage source to which this subsystem interfaces depends on the type of vehicle on which the MET is mounted (e.g. 12/24 Volts DC for land vehicles ) .
A standard receiver such as a GPS or a Loran - C
receiver is also provided for the determination of the position of the vehicle. This information is used by the logic and signaling subsystem for beam steering (if used) or for applications such as position reporting. The position determination system is implemented ~tPrn;31 ly to the MET and interf aced through a dedicated data port in the user interf ace subsystem .
The function of the Remote Monitor System is to continuously monitor the activity on each GC-S channel and to monitor the activity within the downlink L-band spectrum in the beam in which it is Iocated. An RMS will be located in every beam carrying satellite network traf f ic . An RMS may be a stand alone station or collocated with the NCC or an FES. The RMS is controlled by the NOC and communicates via leased lines or the interstation signaling ~ nn~ if collocated with an FES.
The RMS detects anomalous conditions such as loss of signal, loss of frame sync, excessive BER, etc. on the GC-S channels and generates alarm reports which are transmitted to the NOC via the leased line interface. In - 3~ - 1506-007 addition, it monitors BER on any channel and power and frequency in any band as instructed by the NOC.
The primary functions of the System Test Stations (STS) is to provide commission testing capability for every channel unit in a FES and to provide readineæs testing for the Off-Line NCC. The STS is collocated with and controlled by the NOC and will comprise one or more specif ically instrumented METs . The STS provideæ a PSTN
dial-up port for making terreætrial connections to FESs to perform MET to terrestrial end-to-end testing. The STS
also provideæ a LAN interconnection to the NOC to provide access to operator consoles and peripheral equipment.
Advantageously, the MET combines three different features for the delivery and transmission of voice and data. These three features include: the ability to initiate and transmit a data call, the ability to initiate and transmit a facsimile digital call, and the ability to roam between satellite and terrestrial based wireless communication systems. The following documentæ, representing applicable transmission protocols, are hereby incorporated by reference: EIA/IS-41B Cellular Radio Tel~, ;cations Inter-System Operations; EIA/TIA-553-1989 "Cellular System Mobile Station - Land Station Compatibility Standard"; EIA/TIA-557; EIA/IS-54B. A more detailed description of the MET is also provided in U.S.

~ 2185949 provisional patent application serial number 60/002,374 filed on August 15, 1995 to Ward et al., entitled " Improved Mobile Earth Terminal " incorporated herein by ref erence .
Some MSS system users have voice cl~m~m~n~ tion requirements that are not met by MTS and Mobile Radio Service (MRS) . They need to communicate in a Closed User Group (CUG) arrangement that allows each member of the group to hear what any other user is saying. Each member of the group can also talk when needed. The system behave~ like a radio multi-party line. Public services and law enforcement agencies are typical users of thi~
service, which is normally provided by either traditional terrestrial radio networks or by the more recent trunked radio systems. These trunked systems, generally in the 800-900 ME~z band, provide groups of end users with virtual private systems by assigning frequencies to CUGs on a demand basis. The ~et Radio service is meant to be the satellite equivalent of terrestrial trunked systems (~trunking" for short), and could be pictured as a "Satellite Trunked Radio Service", or "Satellite Trunking " .
The Net Radio service provides the capability described in the previous paragraph in a cost effective manner:

2 1 ~5949 - 3a - 15Q6-007 as one shared satellite demand period circuit per CUG is utili~ed rather than one circuit per mobile user, the cost per minute of a group conversation would be much less expensive to the owner of the group, and as the call set-up time for one shared circuit per CUG compared to an MRS multi-uaer conference set-up time is likely to be more acceptable to a group end user/operator, who normally expects to be able to talk as soon as the handset/microphone is taken off-hook.
An overview of the MSS system with Net Radio service is illustrated in Fig. 8. Fig. 8 illustrates the basic concept and elements involved in establ; f;hr~nt Of c, ; r~tions and control in the Net Radio system. METs access the system via one or more L-band beams. Each beam contains one or more signaling rh~nnPl ~ for network control and call establ; qhr~nt and a number of communications rhilnnrl ~ for provision of Net Radio services to METs.
The L-band frequencies are translated to Ku-band frequencies by the satellite 12. The Network Control Center 14 is responsible for the real time allocation of rhi~nn~ to support ~et Radio calls. The base Feederlink Earth Station 16 is responsible for re-tr~n~; C~ion on the outbound channel of the MET transmissions received on the _ 39 - 1S06-007 inbound channel, control of the Net Radio call, and interfacing the Net Radio call to terrestrial private networks .
Net Radio service is available to CUGs on subscription to MSS. A sub3cribirLg organization may comprise a number of METs grouped by their communication needs. A virtual private communication net is es~3hl; ch~,.l for each of these groups or subgroups.
The base FES 16 can interconnect the Net Radio call to terrestrial private networks 80 that a dispatcher located within the private network can participate in the conversation. A Dispatch facility may be directly connected to the base FES 16, or may use leased PSTN or dial-up access, or may use a Mobile Radio Service (MRSA) circuit. An example of a Net Radio service subscribing organization with several communication nets is depicted in Fig. 9.
The Net Radio MET operates in CUG and receives voice transmissions from all other MET users in the same CUG, and the base FES. The MET supports Net Radio service on a single demand period circuit per beam, which is shared by the entire CUG. The MET requiring communications will be ~iven the Net ID ~or the net and since different nets may be necessary for different purposes, the MET may be given 25 a number of differen- NET IDs. NET IDs may represent 2t85949 organizational groups such as f leets or sub- f leets . NET
IDs may represent functional groups such as a command unit which draws on mobile users from more than one fleet or sub- f leet . NET IDs may represent geographic configurations such as an east or west area, or both.
A mobile user requests a channel on a Push-To-Talk (PTT) basis. The MET receives an assignment of demand period satellite resources consisting of an outbound channel fre~uency and an inbound channel fre~uency relevant to the particular NET ID (per defined CUG beam) .
The mobile user is alerted by a tone when the channel is available and the base FES manages the contention on the communications channel Since the base FES retransmit~
the signal received ~rom the mobile, the MET operates in a half duplex l?TT mode, turning off the speaker while the microphone is engaged. When the user releases the PTT, the MET ceases transmission. On receipt of a release message from the base FES, the MET retunes to the s igna l i ng channel .
Figs. lOA-lOC are flowcharts of the overall process conducted by the various components in establishment of communications and control in the Net Radio system. In Figs. lOA-lOC, a mobile earth terminal registers in step S2 and the user of the mobile earth terminal selects a particular net to establish voice communication therewith 2~ ~5949 in step S4. The user then activatee the push-to-talk (PTT) button of the MET in step S5.
In step S6, the MET sends the net number to the communication ground segment. The communications ground segment receives the net number, checks the mesæage for transmission errors, validates the specific MET user and also validates the requested net group in step S8. The communications ground segment allocates a specif ic frequency for the net group and broadcasts the message to the net group informing the net group of the allocated fre~uency in step S10.
The group controller in the communications ground segment will also send the net fre~uency to the feeder link earth stati~n in step S12. In step S14, the METs that are idle, powered and logically consistent with respect to monitor codes and lock discussed below, will tune to the net fretauency indicated by the communication ground segment. Channel assignment is thereupon completed and no further validation for the net group is performed in step S16. A scrambling vector is next used to permit additional METs to join the selected net group in step S18 . All METs are assumed to have j oined the net group in step S20. Ct~S will continue to broadcast ~ET group activation information at predetermined time intervals while the ~ET group ~8 active.

~ 21 85949 The MET user which initiates the Net Radio call is considered to be the current speaker in step S22 permitting the initiator to communicate with the various MET users that have ~ oined the net group . The MET
monitors whether a dispatcher message has been received in step S24, and if so the current speaker is set to the dispatcher, and the communication is broadcast to all METs in the NET group in step S26. The MET also monitors receipt o:E the priority message in step S28, and if a priority message is received, sets the current speaker to the identifier of the priority MET, and the communication is broadcast to all METs in the NET group in step S29.
If no dispatcher message or priority message is received, the MET also monitors whether the current speaker is active in step S30. If speaker is active for the requisite period of time, the MET also determines whether the push-to-talk button has l~een released in step S32. If either the speaker is inactive for- greater than a pr~tf~rmi nl~d threshold period of time as determined in S30 or the push-to-talk button has been released as determined in step S32, the curr~nt speaker is removed by the communications ground segment in step S34, and the current speaker is set to vacant in step S36. The communication ground seg~ent will then notify the METs in the net group that the speaker is vacant in step S3 8 .
, 2 ~ 85949 The MET3 will then be permitted to initiate a request to be the next current speaker. Upon receipt of the first valid request from a MET to be the next 3peaker in step S40, the communications ground segment will assign the new speaker to that particular MET in step S42. If, however, no request from a MET is made to be the next speaker, the communications ground segment will determine whether or not the hang timer has expired in step S44. If the hang timer has expired, the communications ground segment will release the call to the METs of the net group in step S46.
The feeder link earth station will also initiate a call release to the ground controller in step S48 and the ground controller will release the frequency channel which was being used for the net group in step S50.
The MET supports the service categories for ~et Radio listed in Fig. 11. MSS will support addressing methods that permit private communications between a mobile end-user and groups or sub-groups of end user~, or an individual, where the individual is part of the same group. NET ID~ are utilized, where a ~ET ID can represent either a group, sub-group or individual. MSS supports -addressing methods that permit a mobile end user to engage in a private conversation with another mobile where the called mobile is part of the same virtual network as the 2 5 cal 1 ing mobi le .

It should be noted that even on private mobile to mobile calls the PTT has to be used, as the two mobile units share the same satellite circuit. This is the main difference between MRS and Net Radio for mobile to mobile calls. The MET monitors the NET Radio Channel Assignment SU8 (NRCHA_SU)s on the GC-S channel for those ~-ntA;n;ng any of its stored NET IDs and, if not engaged in a Priority call or set-up procedure, responds to assignments in accordance with the current setting of the call monitoring.
The MET provides a User ID display for the purpose of displaying the NET ID the MET is currently tuned to, and the MET DN of the current speaker. The MET optionally displays an alpha-numeric display or user programmable label associated with a NET ID. When suitably equipped with a second receiver capable of ~nt; n~ usly receiving the GC-S channel, the MET provides the user with notification of incoming calls, which the user may accept or rej ect .
This section provides the formats of several SUs used by the MET that are additional for Net Radio service. A
separate section is generally provided ~or each channel type (GC-S, MET-SR, FES-C, MET-C).
GC- S MESSAGES

21 ~5949 The SUs transmitted on the GC-S signaling channel that are additional for Net Radio shall conform to the content and format specified in this section The messages are required for Network Management and Call Control. Fig. 12 i~lPnt;f;Pc the additional GC-S messages in each group.
1. The NID_SU is transmitted by the NCC to a MET on the GC-S channel. The ~IID_SU is used to download a NET ID
assignment to a MET subscribing to Net Radio Service.
2. The NID_SU has the format illustrated in Fig. 13.
The content of the NID-SU con~orms to Fig. 14.
NET ID Att~; hute (NA) - The ~A message is used to allocate and de-allocate NET
IDs assigned to a MET, to change a METs Directory Number (DN), or to change the user defined characteristics of a NET ID assigned to a MET. The NA_SU has the format illustrated in Fig. 15. The content o_ the NA-SU conforms to Fig. 16.
Net Radio ~hannel Assiqnment (NRCHA) The NRCHA message is used by the GC to ~roadcast the channel ass~ ~nmPnt~ to the METs for a Net Radio call . The SU is broadcast on all GC-S ~h~nnPl q defined for the NET
ID. The NRCHA_SU has the format illustrated in Fig. 17.
The content of the ~ CHA_SU conforms to Fig. 18 . This .

message is rebroadcast on the GC-S channel every predetermined time interval (e.g., every 10 seconds) for the duration o~ activity of the NET communication.
MET-SR and MET-ST MESSAGES
The SUs transmitted on the MET-SR and MET-ST signaling channel that are a~ ; n~al for ~et Radio conform to the content and format specified in this section. The MET-SR
messages are of the Call Control category. The MET-ST
meseages are of the ~etwork Management Category. Fig. 19 identifies the messages.
MET Manaqement Acknowledqe (MMA) The MM~_SU is used ~y METs to acknowledge NID and ~A
messages received from the GC. The MMA_SU has the format illustrated in Fig. 20. The content of the MMA_SU
conforms to Fig. ~l.
Net Radio Acceæs Request (NRACR) The ~RACR_SU shall be used by METs to initiate ~et Radio calls. The SU message has the format illustrated in Fig. 22. The content of the NRACR_SU conforms to Fig. 23.
FES-C MESSAGES
The SUs transmit-ed on th~ FES-C signaling channel ~85949 .

that are additional for Net Radio conform to the content and ~ormat specified in this section. The messages are of the Call Control category. Fig. 24 identifies the messages in each group.

Net Radio t'~l 1 Release (NRCR) Tha NRCR_SU shall be used to broadcast the NET ID to the METs during a Net Radio call and to indicate to the METs that the channel assignment for the Net Radio call is about to be released. The NRCR_SU has similar format and content as described above.

MET-C MESSAGES
The SUs transmitted on the MET-C signaling channel that are additional for Net Radio con~orm to the content and format specified in this section. The messages are of the Call Control category.

Push-To-Talk (PTT) The PTT_SU is used to re(luest access to the inbound channel for a Net Radio call. The PTT_SU has the content conformed to Fig: 25. The Response SU shall be used by the MET to respond to FES-C Command SUs received on the FES-C channel. The Response SU shall have the same ~ormat and contents as speci~ied ~or the FES-C Command slr~ The 21 8594q .

Reserved field i8 reserved for future user defined requirements. The MET timing requirements for Net Radio service are illustrated in Fig. 26.
Push-t~Q-Talk Ol~eration In the NET Radio service the operation of the PTT
resembles terrestrial trunked radio systems. A PTT
microphone/handset or the like is needed for Net Radio.
Depre3sing the PTT switch when the current NET is unassigned shall result in the transmission of a NRACR_SU
with the intent of requesting the assignment of a channel to the selected NET ID, subject to the availability of resources. Depressing the PTT switch while the selected NET ID is active and the speaker ID is vacant shall result in the transmission of a PTT_SU request on the communications channel ~ollowed by the transmission of voice f rames in accordance with the standard MET call supervision procedures. If the MET has no~ selected a NET
ID and the MET is not active in a NET Radio Call, then the MET ignores the PTT request.
Depressing of the PTT results in transrnission of a PTT_SU only if the PTT i~ pre~sed after the speaker ID i8 equal to the vacant code or the METs DN. This will relieve congestion on the MET-C channel by adding a natural delay. If the MET user depresses the PTT before 2~$S949 - 49 - 15Q~-007 the speaker ID is vacant or matches t~e METs DN, the MET
ignores the request.
Priority 1 service is granted to a MET, not based on the PTT, but only by activation of the Priority 1 Button.
Activation of the Priority 1 Button shall result in a Priority 1 call. The user is given immediate access to the channel and retains it until he releases his PTT, is preempted by another Priority request generated by another MET user, or is preempted by a dispatcher PTT. If he wishes to make another Priority 1 transmission it shall be necessary to repeat the procedure.
The re-transmitted signal appears to the MET user as a delayed echo where the delay time is the double satellite link transmission delay time. For this reason, the speaker is disabled while the user is talking. The MET
operates in half duplex from the user' s viewpoint, but operates in full duplex over the satellite ~h~nn~ol.q MSS Network Management as8igns each communication net a Net Radio Ir~nt; ~ic~t; on (NET ID) number when the subscribing organiz;ation defines the net. A MET is also assigned a number of NET IDs to use. The MET stores in -- non-volatile RAM a GSI code ~or Net Radio service. The MET uses this GSI in selecting a GC-S channel while providing Net Radio service. The MET also stores a directory number (DN) with a maximum oE 4 digits. The MET
.

DN i8 downloaded to the MET at the completion of the commissionin~ process~ If the MET receives an NA_SU with operator field equal to 3, the MET stores the specified DN
as its new DN.
The MSS Network Management assigns a unique 16 bit access security code to each NET ID def ined The MET uses the NET access security code (NET ID ASK) to ~determine a standard scrambling vector used to initialize the channel unit scrambler for transmit and receive Net Radio calls.
The MET determines the scrambling vector using as input:
the NET ID Access Security Key (ASK) the transmit Frequency Assignment the Receive Frequency Assignment.
A Net Radio subscriber can customize the organization of communications nets. User defined NET ID attributes, a NET ID Tag number, and a Monitor code, are associated with the NET ID for this purpose The Tag number is used to designate a selector position, or memory location to "tag"
the NET ID to When the MET operator sets the selector switch to a position, the MET uses the NET ID with the Tag number that corresponds to the selector position. This permits a CU~ to setup all METs with the same selection positions for emergency nets for example.
The monitor codes are identif ied in Fig . 27 and are used to control which channel assignments the MET responds .. .. . .

21 P~5949 - 51 - 150Ç-OQ7 to. During a lull in the conversation where the hangtimer has expired (described below), the MET receives a channel assignment to a NET ID other than the one that was ~ust tuned to. If the MET tunes to the new net, the operator may mise the next conversation on the previous net. At the same time, the monitor code permits the organization to setup nets which can reach entire fleets, or emergency teams even though all member METs have not selected that NET ID. In this case a monitor code for a re~uired response is associated with the NET ID.
A Net Management System (NMS) permits a Net Radio subscribing organization to customize their communication nets by assigning NET IDs to METs, changing NET ID
assignments, or modifying the user defined attributes of ~a NET ID assigned to a MET. These changes are made by contacting or ;n~Prf~ with customer billing support system/personnel. The NMS enters the changes in the NOC
customer conf iguration database . The NOC disseminates this information to the NCC, which downloads the changes to the MET "over the air" from the GC-S channel The MET uses acknowledged MGSP message pairs for Net Radio MET management. Upon receipt of a NID SU addressed to it, the MET de-encrypts the NET ID NR~SK using the METs ASK and RTIN, and stores that NET ID and the NRASK
associated with the llVT ID in non-volatile memory. The MET then sends the MMA SU to the GC. The MBT stores multiple NBT IDs, and an ASK is stored with each NET ID.
~pon receipt of the NET ID Attribute SU, the MET
performs operations indicated in the SU. The MET sends the MMA SU to the GC The MBT ~ m; nf~ the Tag number cnnt~;nf"l in the NBT ID Attribute SU (NA_SU) and, provided the Operator field equals a predetermined number, uses this number to ~ t~rm; n~- the Tag position of the NET ID
Selector switch to associate with that particular NET ID.
For example, for a Tag number of zero the MBT stores the N~T ID in Tag location 00, which is reserved for Private Mode . If the Operator f ield in the NA_SU equals a predetermined number, for example 1, the MET erases the specif ied NBT ID f rom memory .
The MET supports the following responses to the Monitor codes ~nnt;~;nf~l in the NA_SU. The MET provides a means for the user to select one of the NBT I~s and ~lock-on" to it. When so selected, the MBT does not respond to the NBT ID assignments with monitor code 00 or 01, but responds to assignments with 11 code The sequence of information exchanged between the MBT, GC, and FES is f or the purpose of demand period circuit assignment for Net Radio service, Private Mode service, Priority 1 service and Broadcast service calls. ~ call is described in five pa--ts; channel assignment, call ~ 2~859~9 establishment, call monitoring, call supervision and call release . Channel a3signment ; nrl ~ the network access procedures . Call establ i q' -n~. includes the procedures followed by the FES and the MET to ir,itiate a Net Radio call. Call monitoring includes the procedures per~ormed by the MET during a call. Call supervision includes procedures, performed by the FES, which provide contention resolution for MET access to the inbound channel. Call release ; nrl ~ those procedures used by the FES to terminate a call and release the demand period circuits.
METs place and accept voice calls to/from members of the closed user group and a private network connected at a base FES. The GC controls access to the satellite resources. The base FES provides the Net Radio function of re-transmitting the mobile transmissions so that all member METs participating in the call can hear both side6 oi the conversation. The FES provides access to the private network.
MET originated Net Radio calls are established using the sequence of messages shown in Fig. 28. The protocol employed is as specified in the event tree in Fig. 29.
Upon receiving a NRACR-SU, the GC verifies, based on the rer~uesting MET RTIN that:
the MET is an operational Net Radio user;
the MET is authorized to originate a Net Radio call 2 ~ 85949 - 54 - - ~- 1506-007 using the NET ID included in the NR~CR_ SU;
the required satellite capacity is available;
the call type in the NET ID data base file is for Net Radio service The GC verifies that the MET which re~uested the Net Radio call is in a beam included for the NET ID. If ior any reason the call cannot be completed the GC sends a Call Failure SU using MGSP to the mobile t;~rrn; n~l with the cause of failure indicated in the cause indication parameter.
Once the GC determines that the call can be completed it will select frequency assignments for a FES-C
communication channel and a MET-C communication channel and format a NRCHA SU with the NET ID ior the call, and the call type aet to Net Radio service. The FES begins transmitting Net Radio SUs (NR_SU) using the In-band signaling mode. The NET ID and requesting MET Directory Number are included in the NR_SU. The FES starts the Lost Speaker timeout ~Nominally, for example, 3.5 secs) . The FES also connects the Net Radio call to a dispatcher, as appropriate .
Upon reception of the NRCH~_SU on the GC-S channel, the MET stops timer T"24 and checks the call type. For Net Radio service call types, the MET tests the NET ID to 25 determine what action to take. If the NET ID received ~ 2 1 85949 - 55 - 15QÇ-007 matches one of the NET IDs assigned to the MET and if one o~ the following conditions is true, the MET accepts the Net Radio channel assignment and tunes to the assigned frequencies. If the NET ID does not match any NET ID
assigned to the MET, or if none of the iollowing case is true, then the MET ignores the NRCHA_SU and remains tuned to the GC-S channel.
Case 1: The Monitor code for the NET ID indicates a mandatory response.
Case 2: The Monitor code for the NET ID lndicates a conditional response and the condition criteria permit the MET to respond to the assignment.
If the MET accepts the Net Radio channel assignment, then it alerts the user to the Net Radio call with appropriate audio and/or visual displays. The MET then starts timer T",1. (Nominally, for example, 10 seco~ds) .
If timer TM24 expires, or a call failure is received, the MET indicates call failure to the user. Upon acquisition of the FES-C channel, the MET stops timer T,,1 and decodes the NR_SU using the scrambling vector determined from the Access Security Key. If the MET has a Net Radio call request outstanding, it verifies the NET ID and confirms that its user' s Directory Number matches the Speaker ID.
If there is no outstanding request, the MET only verifies the NET ID.

.

The MET tests the Speaker ID and if it matches its DN, it generates an audio and/or visual alert to the user and enable transmission. If TN1 expires or the NET ID
received on the communications channel does not match the assigned NET ID, the MET ;n~ t~q call failure to the user and retunes to the GC-S channel.
MET Call Moni~o~inq Procedure MET Call Monitoring defines the procedures followed by a MET while assigned to a Net radio call. The MET
monitors the FES-C channel and operates timers on loss of the carrier. The procedures determine when to permit PTT
requests, disable transmission, or re-tune to the GC-S
channel . Af ter accepting a NRCHA_SU and tuning to ~ the assiqned frequencies for a net radio call, a MET follows the call monitoring procedures specified herein and as shown in Fig. 31.
Upon accepting the NRCHA_SU the MET starts timers TM20, the Lo9t FES-C channel timeout (Nominally, for example, 10 secs), and TM22 , the Transmit Inhibit timeout (1 superframe) . The MET monitors the FES-C channel and generally only enables transmission if all the following conditions are true:
the MET is in receipt of the FES-C channel, indicated when timers TM20, and TM22 are not expired;

the MET is a member of the NET ID;
the Speaker ID is the vacant ID or is equal to the MET user' s DN;
the user initiates PTT signaling.
The transmitting MET continues transmitting provided all of the following conditions are true:
the MET is in receipt of the FES-C channel, indicated when timers TM20, and TM21 are not expired.
(TM21 is defined in MET Call Supervision Procedure below);
the current speaker as saved by the MET (see below) matches the MET' s DN; and the PTT remains active.
The MET tests fior a valid subframe at each FES-C subframe interval. When the MET receives a valid subframe, the MET
restarts timers TM20 and TM22. A valid subframe is a voice subframe or a subframe having a message type recognized by the MET as a Net Radio message type and no errors are detected in the packet . If the subf rame received is a voice frame, or a NR_SU where the Speaker ID
matches the MET's DN, (i.e. the MET is confirmed as the "speaker~), the MET restarts timer TM21, "loss of speaker status timeout".
Ii the subframe received is a NR_SU, the MET tests the NET ID. Ii the ~ET ID is not valid for the MET, the MET
.

shall retune to the GC-S channel. If the NET ID is valid, the MET saves the Speaker ID as the current speaker. If the Speaker ID matches the MET' s DN, the MET confirms, or maintains it' 8 status as the "speaker" If the Speaker ID
does not match the MET' 8 DN, the MET ceases transmitting, if it was transmitting, and negates it' s status as the speaker .
If the subframe received is a Net Radio Call Release (NRCR) SU, the MET ceases transmitting and retunes to the GC-S channel On expiration of timer T~22, the MET checks its speaker status. If the MET has the speaker status it ignores the timeout and cr~n~; n~ transmitting . If the MET' s speaker status is negated, it inhibits further PTT
requests until all of the conditions listed above to enable transmission are satisfied On expiration of timer T,,21, the MET stops transmitting, and negates or clears it' s status as the current speaker. The MET indicates to the user that transmission has ceased. The MET remains on the assigned Net Radio channel. On expiration of timer T~s20, the MET
retunes to the GC-S channel. ~
MET Call Su~ervision Procedure MET call supervision defines the procedures ~ollowed by a MET when the PTT button is pressed or released. The 21 ~594q procedures, together with the FES Net Radio procedures provide ~ t~tion resolution of the inbound channel. The MET accesses the MET-C channel for transmission when the PTT is activated by the user in accordance with the MET
call monitoring specified above and the call supervision speciied herein, and by the event tree given in Fig. 32.
To access the MET-C channel, the MET transmits a PTT_SU using the In-band signaling mode for one rame as shown in Fig. 33 until an NR_SU is received with the Speaker ID not e~ual to the vacant code. The PTT_SU
includes the MET user' s DN and the NET ID . The MET then switches to voice mode and starts timer T~q23, the contention window timer (~ominally, ~or example, 1 second).
The MET co~tinues transmitting on the MET-C channel and monitoring the FES-C channel. On detection of In-band signaling subframes with NR_SUs, the MET tests the Speaker ID. If it matches the MET' s DN, the MET saves the Speaker ID as the current speaker. The MET is then conirmed as the speaker. I the Speaker ID does not match the MET' s DN, the MET ceases transmitting. The MET saves the Speaker ID as the current speaker. The MET negates or clears its speaker status:
If the MET detects voice mode subframes on the FES-C
channel instead of In-band signaling sub~rames, it assumes that these voice frames are either its own, or the dispatcher~ s and that the Speaker' s ID SU was missed. In this case the MET ~-nntln~ transmitting. An NR-SU is sent to the MET in the next superframe. If an NR_SU with the MET' s DN as speaker ID is not received before the expiration of Trq23, the MET cea~es transmitting. The MET
then negates its speaker status.
When the MET is confirmed as the speaker, the MET
starts ti~er TM21, the Lost Speaker Status timeout (~nmln:~lly, for example, 3.5 secs) . In addition the MET
disables passing voice output to either the extended speaker or the handset speaker. The MET continuously transmits while the PTT button is active and conditions speci~ied in the MET call monitoring procedures are met.
When the user releases the PTT button and the MET has been transmitting, the MET ~in; qll.~q transmitting any voice subframes rs~-;n;n~ in the buffer, and then switches to In-Band si~n;~l ;n~ mode as shown in Figs. 33 and 34. The MET transmits one frame using the In-band Signaling mode consisting of PTT_SUs. The PTT_SU identifies the MET
user' s DN and the NET ID and the PTT Release Code. The MET then ceases transmitting, but remains tuned to the net radio frequencies, and cnnt;nllPc to monitor the FES-C
channel for the NET ID in accordance with the MET call monitoring procedures. Aiter the user releases the push ~, 21 85949 to talk, the MET waits for a time equal to or greater than the delay time before enabling the loudspeaker again.
Call Rel~ce Upon receiving the Net Radio Call Release SU, the MBT
tuned to the FES-C channel retunes to the GC-S channel and deactivates the Net Radio call indicator to the user. The FES operates a hangtimer. When no activity has occurred for the hangtime duration, the FES releases the call. The hangtimer, perceived by a MET user is shown in Fig. 35.
Private Mode Service Call Procedures The Network Control System procedures f or MET
originated Private Mode Service calls allow mobile CUG
members to originate a call using a Net Radio channel configuration for the purpose of private communications with another member o~ the CUG. More than one NRC may be configured at a FES using the same NET ID. This permits more than one Private Mode call to be in progress at the same time .
Channel AssLqnme~t MET oriqinated Private Mode service calls are es~ ~hl; RhPd using the sequence of mes~ages shown in Fig.
36. The protocol employed is as speci~ied for Net Radio ~ 21 ~5949 service in the event tree given in Fig. 29. On selection of Private Mode service, and on receipt of dialed digits, a MET, suitably equipped for Private Mode service formats and sends a Net Radio Access Request SU using MGSP on the MET-SR channel. The NRACR_SIJ includes the NET ID private mode with the called DN. If no NET ID with a NET ID Tag number o ' 00 he~' has been assigned to the MET, the MET
indicates call failure to the operator.
Upon receipt of the NRACR_SIJ the GC performs all the verifications as specified for MET originated Net Radio service calls. Once the GC de~Prm;npc that the call can be completed it selects the frequency assignments required for the NET ID and formats a NRCHA_SU with the call type field set for Private Mode and the MET FTIN number of the calling MET in place of the NET ID The GC sends the assignment SU three times as for Net Radio service on the GC- S channel .
The GC formats a second Private Mode call type ~ ~
NRCHA_S~ using the called MET FTIN number in place of the NET ID. The GC sends this assignment SU three times as for ~et Radio service Dn the GC-S ~hi~nnf~l q required for the NET ID. In the event there are no NRC' s available to handle the call, the GC sends a Call Failure Message with no resources as the cause indlcation to the requesting MET. Upon receipt of the NRCHA_SU with the Private Mode 2 1 85q4q call type, a MET compares it~ s FTIN with the FTIM in the NUCHP-_SU. If the numbers match, the MET tunes to the assigned frequencies. The MET then proceeds as Eor Net Radio service calls.

Call Est~hlishment. Call Monitor;n~, Call SuPerYisiOn and _ Call Release The MET uses the call establishment, call monitoring, call supervision and call release procedures as speci~ed for Net Radio service calls.

PrioritY 1 Service ~ l l Procedures The MET shall follow the Priority 1 procedures as speciEied in this section and as shown by the event tree given in Pig. 37. The MET supports a Priority One mode o~
operation called the normal mode.

Prio~itY One Normal Operation When the MET user initiates Priority 1 service, the MET takes one oE three actions based on the state of the MET at the time. The three states are:
Cas~e 1: Net radio call is not in progress.
Case 2: ~et Radio call in progress and the current Speaker ID is equal to the vacant code.
Case 3: Net Radio call in progress and the current .

Speaker ID i8 not the vacant code.
Case 1 In the case where the l~[et Radio call is not in progress, the MET originates a Net Radio Call. The MET
appends the Priority 1 code to the Met ID in the Net Radio Access Request SU. The NET ID used is either NET
selected, or if no NET ID is selected, a NET ID selected by the MET user. The MET proceeds with call establishment, call monitoring, call supervision, and call release as for MET originated Net Radio service.
Case 2 In the case where the Net Radio call is in progress and the speaker ID is vacant, the MET follows call supervision procedures. The MET appends the Priority l code to the NET ID. The MET can optionally use the procedure described in Case 3 below for response to Case 2.
Case 3 In the case where the Net Radio call is in progress and the speaker ID is not the vacant code, the MET tunes to the GC-S channel and sends a NRACR_SU with the Priority 1 code appended to the Net ID as for Case 1.

- 65 - 1~06-007 Although a number of aLLd~ of the invention have been --n~ nf~rl by way of example, it is not intended that the invention be limited thereto. Accordingly, the invention ~hould be con~idered to include any and all S configuration, modifications, variation~, combinations or equivalent arrangement~ falling within the ~cope of the ~oll~lng claims.

- i 21 85q49 .

DICTIONARY ITEMS A~D D5~ N1'L~
Ac tual GS I
Deiinition: Current GSI based on TDM changes during MET
operation. This iield i8 populated by the NOC
based on actions on the CGS. The CMIS cannot create or update this ~ield.
Call Barri~g Inbound/Outbound Flag Definition: Describes the call barring entry as applying to; n~ mi n~ or outgoing calls . If the Call Barring List is ~lagged as Inbound, it applies to calls the MET is receivi~g. I~ the Call Barring ~ist is ~lagged as Outbound, it applies to calls the MET is making.
Call Barring Include/Exclude Flag 1~ Definition: Describes the call barring entry as an ;nel~ d (legal) call or an f~ (illegal) call. When a Call Barring I-ist is ~lagged as Include, the MET may only make calls to the numbers or NPAs on the list. Any other call would be denied. Conversely, if a Call Barring ~ist is ~lagged as Exclude, the MET
may make calls to any number or NPA except those on the list.

21 8594q /~

Call Barring List Value De~initio~l: Nurnbering plan area or phone number in the call barring list. The values that appear in the list are the phone numbers or NPAs that the MET' s re~triction apply to. The types of restrictions are dictated by the flag~ for Include/Exclude and Inbound/Outbound Call Barring.
Call Trap Flag Definition: Indicates call trapping has been initiated for the MET. The G~ will trap MET ~tates as they change during MET CGS activity. This information will be provided to the CMIS on a call record.
Call Type Definition: Service available on the MET. There are four service types: voice data (2400 or 4800 baud), fax, and alternate voice data (avd). For each service the mobile iB regi~tered, a ~ervice 2 0 record is created with a ~ingle call type indicated. This call type in turn ha:3 a unique rnobile identification aumber (min) a~sociated with it.
Carrier Definition: Name of preferred IXC carrier This ield i8 a switch ield used to support equal access to long distance carriers.
C~ SN
Definition: 32 bit ESN that i8 used by the switch. For dual mode cellular/satellite phones it is the ESN or the cellular portion of the phone and would match the ESN used by the home cellular carrier to identify that mobile terminal.
CGS Time Stamp Definition: Time stamp was created/modified. Part of the notification of success or failure o CGS
action. Not created or updated by CMIS.
Chaunel Spacing Definition: Multiple of fre~uency step size. This element is a characteristic of the MET Class. CMIS
will only have the MET Class ID that a particular METs equipment maps to. NE
originates this and other data that describes the MET Class and bends it to the NOC.
Check Stri~g Def inition: Constant used by the GC to validate the encryptiontdecryption algorithm. This element is r~lated to the ASR.
C ~.1 GSI

~85949 Definition: Set by CMIS this is the original GSI stored a~
a NVRAM ~non-volatile RAM) parameter by the MET. Required for each new MET registered for service. This element is used by the MET to tune to a GC-S channel during commissioning on the CGS. Without the GSI the MET is incapable of logging on to the CGS.
Conf iguration File De~inition: A file cnnti~;n;n~ the contents of a working conf iguration that has been ~aved to disk under a unique name.
Curren t Conf iguration Definition: The set of re~ources that exist in the conf iguration most recently sent to or received from the NOC. This is assumed to be the actual conf iguration of the traf f ic bearing network at any given time.
Commit a Resource Definition: Explicit engineer action to add a fully provisioned interim resource to the working conf iguration .
Control Group ID
Definition: The CGS is divided into Control Groups that contain circuit pools, ~ignaling ~hi~nn~l q, bulletin boardæ, METs, and VNs. A MET may only belong to one Control Group. The control Group aææignment iæ based on the virtual network memberæhip~ All VNæ a MET is a member of must be in the same control group.
Cu3t Group Definition: Identifier for a specialized routing information used at the switch (e.g., 1024 available cust groups per MSR) ~ Dialing plans will be implemented for groups of customers through a Customer Group (Cust Group) .
Data Hub Id Def inition: Used to route messages during PSTN to IVDM
call setup to the proper data hub. This iæ
only applicable for METs that are participating in the Mobile Packet Data Service .
Date Last Te~ted Definition: Time stamp of most recent commissioning test.
This field is populated by the NOC and cannot be created or updated by CMIS.
Def ault VN
Definition: VN selected if user does not specify VN during dialing. For METs that belong to only one VN, this can be populated with the VN ID the MET

21 8~949 is assigned to by default.
EIRP
Definition: Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power - power level required f or a MET to receive a satellite signal. This element is a characteristic of the MET Class. CMIS will only have the MET Class ID that a particular METs equipment maps to. NE/SE originates this and other data that describes the MET Class and sends it to the NOC.
Event Arg~Lent Id Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC. CMIS has no part in creating or updating events-they arrive unsolicited from the NOC.
Event Arg~Le~t Type Definition: Part of the event Record received from the Noc. CMIS has no part in creating or updating events-they arrive unsolicited from the NOC.
Event Argument Value D~f;n;t;~n: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC. CMIS has no part in creating or updating events-they arrive unsolicited from the NOC.
Eveat Argument VMS Type Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC. CMIS has no part in creating or updating 21 8~949 events-they arri~e unsolicited from the NOC.
Event Code Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC. CMIS has no part in creating or updating events-they arrive unsolicited from the NOC.
Event Severity Definition: Network impact assessment of the trouble event .
Event Time Definition: Time the event occurred within the network.
Event Type Definition: Part o~ the Event Record received from the NOC. CMIS has no part in creating or updating events-they arrive unsolicited from the NOC.
~xternal Date Time Stamp Definition: CMIS generated time stamp used for CMIS audit purposes in exchanging messages with the CGS.
External Tran~action Id Definition: CMIS generated transaction id used for CMIS
audit purposes in exchanging messages with the CGS .
Feature Set Definition: Identifies MET features within a spec:i~ic VN.

2 ~ 85949 Fixed features are set up during order processing and require no action by the MET
user to invoke a feature. MET activated f eatures must also be set up duri~g order processing but will only be available through some action on the part o~ the MET use during call process.
FIXED FEATlJRES include:
* Calling Line Id Presentation (CLIP) - display the calling party' s number to a MET.
* Calling Line Id Restriction (CLIR) -prohibition from displaying the METs number when it is calling another party.
* Connected Line Id Presentation (COLP) - display the number the calling MET is connected to.
* Connected Line Id Restriction (COLR) - prohibit display of the connected MET' 8 number to the calling party .
* Sub-addressing (S~) - allows one or more attachments to the MET to be addressed. This is being accomplished through unique phone numbers for service types requiring different equipment.
* Call Waiting (CW) - notification to a MET
engaged in the call that another call is waiting. M~T
may accept the other call or ignore it.

~ 2185949 * Call Barring (CB) - restricts the MET user' 5 from making or receiving one or more types of calls.
* Operator intervention (OI ) - allows an operator to break into a call in progress for the MET.
* Operator Assistance (OA) - allows the MET to access an MSAT operator to receive assistance * Call Priority (CP) - used in conjunction with the system' 8 call queuing function (trunk access priority) presence of this feature gives a MET access to channels at times of congestion ahead of MET' 5 with lower priority. Priority applies only to MET
initiated calls.
MET ~CTIVATED ( dynamic) FEATURES include:
* Call Transfer (CT) - allows sa MET user to transfer an established call to a third party.
* Call Forwarding ~nconditional (CFU) - permits a MET to have all calls forwarded to another MET or PSTN
number .
* Call Forwarding Busy (CFB) - permits a MET to have all incoming calls attempted when the MET is busy to another MET or PSTN number.
* Call Forward Congestion (CFC)- permits the MET
to have all incoming calls attempted when the signaling t~h:~nn~ are congested answered with a recorded announcement intercept.

~ 2185949 * Call Forward No Reply (CF~) - permit~ a MET to have all incoming calls attempted when the MET is not answering to another MET or PST~ number. This applies if the MET is blocked, turned of f or not answering .
* Call Holding (CX) - allows a MET to interrupt call communication on an exi3ting connection and then re-establish communications.
* Alternate Voice Data Operation (AVD) - allows a MET user to toggle between voice and data mode during a call. Re~[uires that the call be initiated in voice mode. Only the MET user may toggle between voice and data. This requires a special service type in addition to the activation at set-up of the feature.
* Conference calling (CC) - allows a MET to ' communicate with multiple-parties including METs and PSTN concurrently.
* Three Party Service (3PS) - allows a MET to who is active on a call to hold that call, make an additional call to a third party, switch from one call 2 0 to the other (privacy being provided between the calls) and/or release one call and return to the other .
- * Malicious Call Trace (M~T) - enables an~ MSAT
operator to retrieve the complete call record at a MET' s request for any terminated call in real-time.

~ 2 t PJ5q4~

The operator can then identify the calling party to the MET and take appropriate action.
* Voice Mail (VM) - allows call forwarding to a voice mail box and retrieved of messages by the MET.
* Alternate Accounts Charging (ACC) - allows the MET user to enter in an account code to charge the call to after entering the dialed digits Fully Provision Def inition: Supply values to all attributes of a resource Frequency Step Si~e Definition: Minimum tuning increment acquired for a MET to tune in an assigned channel. CMIS will only have the MET Class ID that a particular MET' 8 equipment maps to. NE originates this and other data that describes the MET Class and sends it to the NOC.
From r~ET Call Barring Flags Definition: Describe actions available to a user originating a cal~ from a MET. These call 2 o Barring f lags relate to specif ic types of calls at an aggregate level to indicate if the MET can make or receive a call of a particular type. When this list indicates that an Inclusion or Exclu~ion to particular numbers 2 ~ 85Q49 - 77 - 1~06-007 or area codes i3 allowed, the values for those restrictions are indicated on a Call Barring ~ist .
FTIN
Definition: Forward Terminal Identi~ication Number -Downloaded to MET from ~OC during commissioning. Used for~MET to GC signaling Internal Data Time Sta~Lp De~inition: NOC generated time stamp used ~or NOC audit purposes.
Tnt.orn:~l Transaction Id Definition: NOC generated transaction is used for NOC
audit purposes.
Interim rescurce Definition: The resource currently being modified by the engineer. Changes made to an interim resource are not added to the working con~iguration until the resource is committed to the working con Eiguration 2 0 L Band Beam Def inition: Current beam MET is logged into . Determined by the GC during commissioning. CMIS has no role in creating or updating this f ield .

21 8~94~

LCC
Definition: Line Class Code - type of phone, required by the s~qitch.
MCC Cla~ Id Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC CMIS has no part in creating or updating events - they arrive unsolicited from the NOC
MCC Ir~ta2ce Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC CMIS has no part in creating or updating eventa - they arrive unsolicited from the NOC
MCC In~tance Id Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC CMIS has no part in creating or updating event3 - they arrive unsolicited from the NOC
MCC In~tance Type Definition: Part of the Event Record received from the NOC CMIS has no part in creating or updating events - they arrive unsolicited from the NOC
Me~l~age Status 1 Definition: Used in the message initiated by the NOC to acknowledge success or failure of a previously transmitted CMIS re~uest Used by the DM
Mes~age Statu~ 2 Definition: Used in the message initiated by the NOC to 2~ 85949 .

acknowledge success or failure of a previously transmitted CMIS request. Will be used by the DM .
Mea age Verb Definition: Action required at the NOC on data passed in a message from CMIS. This field is in the message relaying the results of a CMIS
request .
Modulation Scheme Definition: ~on-standard modulation schemes. CMIS will only have the MET Class ID that a particular MET' s equipment maps to. NE/SE originates this and other data that describes the MET
Class and sends it to the NOC.
MSA
Definition: Mobile Servicing Area - ifli-~if;es the last call ' 8 servicing area . Atomic data element within MSR. Transient data maintained in call processing not on the cellular switch table.
2 0 Same as MSR .
MSR
Definition: Mobile Servicing Region id (table) contains multiple MSA assignments for the MET. For a roamer, the operator will input the MSR _or temporary assignment. Allows up to 1024 cust groups - At CGS startup there will be 1 MSR.
MET ASR
Def inition: Access Rey MET must match during call setup/validation .
MET Clas3 ID
Definition: Identifies the operating characteristics of the MET. Associated to MET by CMIS during registration from data supplied by NE/SE. The - technical characteristics the MET Class ID
~n~, -Rses are not needed by CMIS. These are stored on a table in the NOC and referenced by having the ID on the MET In~ormation record.
This ID applies to MET level regardless of how many serviceæ, etc. the MET has tied to it.
Mh'T C ~f~d State Def inition: Current CGS status of MET .
MET Fraud Flag Definition: Indicates fraud has been detected on the MET.
Updated by GC and CMIS only . Thi~ f ield is set at the MET level regardless of the number of services, etc. the MET has.
MET ID
Defin;~i~7n CMIS assigned unique MET identifier. This can be a unique random number assigned to each MET

registered for service. This is a MET level characteristic æet once for the MET regardless of how many services, etc. the MET has. The MET ID is used by the NOC to identify METs.
It does not have to be used within CMIS as a key f ield . MET ID cannot be updated once it has been assigned. A MET that requires a new MET ID for any reason would have to go through the registration process anew.

MET ':i~Jnnl ;n~ Code Definition: Dialed digits from MET that identifies VN
selection. Signaling codes would be assigned when a MET has multiple Virtual Network memberships . Af ter the MET user enters the destination phone number, the pound key is hit and then the signaling code is entered if the caller wants to associated the outbound call with a particular virtual network. When no signaling code is entered, implies default VN
be associated with the call.
Net Radio Monitor Code De~inition: Co~trols M~T responses to specific channels after hang time limit is ~ P~ . A NR Net ~ 21~P,5949 selection i9 made at the MET by the user.
Net Radio MET Directory N~ber De~inition: Net radio MET directory number. Assigned during registration.
5 Net Radio Net Id De~inition: Net ID
Net Radio MET Directory Number Def inition: Tag number on the MET equipment that identif ies a particular net radio net .
Pending NVRAM Init Flag De~inition: Instructs the GC to download/initialize parameters for a MET.
Pending PVT Flag Definition: This flag indicates that a PVT is required following next MET access. If CMIS requests a PVT to help diagnose customer troubles, an update would be sent to NOC with the Flag set to Per~orrll PVT a~ter Next MET access (l) .
Pic~el Definition: Flag indicating i~ user has asked ~or a pref erred IXC carrier Carrier name is contained in CARRIER ~ield.
Record Type Definition: Type of record defined by object. Part of the .
-- 83 - lSQ6-OQ7 Update Results Record.
Re~ote Def inition: Remote user - not required by the switch f or MSAT Application.
Recent Con~i4uration Event Definition: This is a serial list of events received from the NOC that pertain to conf iguration database change~ .
Referential Integrity Definition: Database ~key field" relationships that bind record within the databases, and create dependencies for additions and deletions of table instances.
RF Pi~
Definitio~: Remote feature peræonal identification number.
A user is prompted for a pin when attempting to use a remote feature.
Roam Definition: Roam Capable - not required by the switch for MSAT Application.
RTIN
Def inition: Reverse Terminal Identif ication Number which i8 also the satellite electronic serial number on satellite only and dual mode ~ 2 1 85949 r/gatellite METs. This is a unique identifier assigned by manufacturer for each piece of equipment. Within CGS processing the RTI~ is used by the GC to signal the MET.
Satellite Id Definition: Satellite Id of current L-band beam. The NOC
populates this f ield based on MET
commissioning. CMIS does not ever create or update this f ield .
SCN
Definition: Station Class Mark.

Secure Disable Flat Definition: Channel Unit security check flag. Setting this flag to bypass security would disable ASK
verification during call processing for a MET.
CMIS cannot change this flag.
si~S.l ~n~ Priority Definition: Number of MET signaling requests to the GC
during network congestion Assigned at the MET level - each MET may have only one signaling priority regardless of the number of VN memberships it has. The highest priority level is 0 and the lowest is seven.

~ 2 1 85949 TDM Change Ena~le Flat Definition: Restriction on MET from changing TDM (TDM is the GSI) Telephone Nl~mber Definition: Phone number associated with a call type (voice, data, fax, avd) in a given virtual network .
Template Definition: An initial set of default attribute values for each resource being added --To MET Call Barring Flags Definition: Describes actions available to a user receiving a call at their MET
Trunk Access Priority Definition: Satellite trunk queuing priority used during network congestion. Determines access to channels .
Virtual Network Id Definition: Identifies the Virtual ~etwork that the service and feature profiles relate to Within a single VN a MET may have one voice, data, fax and/or avd service type. Features and restrictions for those services are defined on the basis of the METs rnembership in that VN. If the MET required an additional -instance of a service that it already subscribed to, (e.g. a second voice number), a second virtual network assignment would be required. Features and restrictions for that second membership can be def ined with no relation to the existing VN membership, but all elements that relate to the MET level cannot change without a ripple effect to the other services.
VMS In23tance Type Definition: Part of the Event Message Vocoder Id Definition: ~ocoder version currently installed in the MET. CMIS will only have the MET Class ID
that a particular METs equipment maps to.
NE/S13 originates this and other data that describes the MET Class and sends it to the _. NOC.
Working Con~iguratio:ll Definition: The set of resources currently being modified by the engineer. This may be an e~isting, complete configuration which the engineer i~
modifying, or may be a new, partial (or initially empty) configuration.

f:~T.OS~;~,T~Y
AAv~ h; l ity AAC Airline Administrative Communications A~RM Access Authentication Request ABH Average Busy Hour AC Alternating Current ACU Access Channel Unit ACU Antenna Control Unit AD Attribute Dictionary AEDC Aiter Effective Date of Contract AFC Automatic Frequency Control AFS Antenna/Front-end Subsystem AGC Automatic Gain Control AIOD Automatic Number Identification Outward Dialing AMI Alternative Mark Inversion AMPS North American Analog and Digital Cellular Networks AMSC American Mobile Satellit~e Corporation AMS (R) S Aeronautical Mobile Satellite (Route) Service AMSS (R) Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Services (Reserved) A~I Automatic Number Identification ANSI American National Standards Institute ANT Antenna AOC Aircraf t Operational Communications APC - Airline Pass~nger Communications 21 ~5949 API Applications Program Interface AR Automatic Roaming ARC Atlantic Research Corporation ASK Access Security Key S ASN. 1 Abstract Syntax Notation One AT Command set for a DTE to coTnmunicate with asynchronous ho~t ATC Air Traffic Control AVD Alterrlate Voice/Data Calls AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise AZ Azimuth B8ZS Bipolar with 8 Zeros Substitution BB Bulletin Board BBS Bulletin Board Service BER Bit Error Rate BERT Bit Error Rate Tester BID Beam Identif ier Code BIT Built In Test BITE Built - In Test Equipment BPS Bit~ Per Second BS Base Station BSPU Baseband Signaling Processing Unit BSS Base Station Switch 21 859~9 .

C/No Carrier to Noise Power Density Ratio CAC Channel Access and Control CAF Call Failure Message CCCS Command, Control, and Communications Subsystem CCI~ Consultative Committee International de Radio CCITT Consultative Committee International Telegraph and Telephone CCU Communications Channel Unit CD Call Delivery CDR Call Detail Record CDR Critical Design Review CDRL Contract Data Requirements List CE Common Equipment CG Control Group CGID Control Group Identification Number CGS Communications Ground~Segment CXA Channel Assignment Message CXREL Channel ~elease Message CXREQ Channel Request Message CI Con~iguration Item CIBER Cellul ar Intercarrier Billing Exchange Roamer CIC ~ Carrier Identi~ication Code CM Con~iguration Management CMIP Common Management Information System CMIS Con:Eiguration Management In~ormation System - 9o - 1506-007 CMIS Customer Management Information System COTS Commercial off-the-Shelf CP Circuit Pool CPD Call Processing Demonstration CPS Circuit Pool Segment CPU Ce~tral Processing Unit C/PV Commis~ioning/Performance Verification CRC Cyclic R~ n-l~n-~y Check CS Communications System CSC Computer Software Component CSCI Computer Software Configuration Item CSDT Channel Switchover Detection Time CSF Critical System Functionality CSMA/CD Carrier Sen3e Multiple Access with Colli~ion Detection CSMP Circuit Switch Management ProcesRor CSMPCS Circuit Switch Management Data Proce~3sor Equipment Communications System CSPU Channel Signal Proces~ing Unit CSR CAC Statistics Res~uest CSREP Call Status Reply Me~age CSREQ Call Statu~ Requeqt Mes~age CSU Computer Sof tware Unit CSUG Computer So~tware Unit Group CTB Cuc~tomer Test Bed ~ 21 ~5949 CTN C~ r Telephone Network CTN Cellular Terrestrial Network CTNI Cellular Telephone Network Interf ace CU Channel Unit CUD Call IJser Data CUG Closed IJser Group CUP Channel tJnit Pool CUS Channel Unit Subsystem CVR Cellular Visitor Registration CVRACK t'Pll~ r Visitor Registration Acknowledge CW Carrier Wave CWC~ Call Waiting Channel Assignment Message DAMA Demand Assignment Multiple Access db Database dbc Decibel Relative to Carrier dB decibels dBi dB Relative to Isotropic dBm dB relative to 1 milli watt dBW decibels relative to 1 watt D bit 'Data Configuration' bit in X.25 DBMS DataBase Management System dBw dB Relative to 1 Watt DC Direct Current DCE Data Circuit Terminating Equipment DCE Data Communications EcIuipment DC~ Digital Command Language DCN Down CoNverter DCR# Document Control Release #
DCU Data Channel Unit DD Design Document DDCMP Digital Data Cc ; ~Ations Message Protocol DDS Direct Digital Synthesis DEC Digital Ecluipment Corporation DECmcc Digital' s Network Management System DEQPSK Differential Encoded Quadrature Phase Shift Keying DET Data EcIuipment Terminal DFD Data Flow Diagram DH Data Xub DH-D Outbound Time Division Multiplex Channel f rom Data EIub to Mobile Terminal DHP Data Hub Processor DHSI D~-D Selector Identification Code DID Direct Inward Dialing DlDs Data Item Descriptions DME Dial-~p Modem Emulation DMQ DEC Message Queue DMS Digital ~ultiplex System DN Directory Number DNS Digital Name Service DOC ~i~n~ n Department Of Communications DOD Direct Outward Dialing DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying DQPSK Differentially Encoded Quadratu~e Phase Shift Keying DS0 Digital Service Level Zero (single 64K b/s channel ) DS 1 Digital Service Level One (twenty four voice channe l s ) DSP Digital Signal Processing DSSS 1 Digital Subscriber Signaling System 1 DTC Digital Trunk Controller DTE Data Terminal Equipment DTE Data Terminal Element .
DTMF Dual Tone Multiple Frequency DVSI Digital Voice Systems, Inc.
Eb/No Bit Energy to Noise Power Density Ratio ECN Engineering Change Notice EFD EF Data, Inc.
EFTIN Encrypted Forward Terminal Identification Number E- I Exchange - Interexchange EIA Electronic Industries Association EICD Element Interface Control Document E I E ~. y~ f~ rn: l l I nterf ace Equ ipment 2t8594q EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power El Elevation EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility EMI ElectroMagnetic Interierence .
eng engineer or engineering EO End O~ice EO External Organizations EOD End of Data ESN Electronic Serial Number 10 FAX Facsimile FCA Functional Con~iguration Audit FCC Federal Communications Commission FCS Fading Channel Simulator FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FEC Forward Error Correction FES Feederlink Earth Station FES-C Inbound Communication channel ~rom Feederlink Earth Station to Mobile TerrrLinal FES-I Interstation signaling channel from Feederlink Earth Station to Group Controller FES/MT Feederlink Earth Station/Mobile Terminal FES-RE Feederlink Earth Station-Radio Frequency Equipment FES-TE Feederlink Ear~h Station Terminal Equipment FFT Fast Fourier Trans~orm ~ ~1859~9 _ 95 - 1506-007 FIS Feederlink Earth Station Interface Simulator FIT Fault Isolation Tests FIU Fax Interface Unit FMT Fixed Mobile Terminal FMA Field Programmable Gate Array FPMX Failures per Million Xours FRO Frequency Ref erence Oscillator FT Fault Tolerant FTE Fax Terminal E~[uipment FTIN Forward Terminal Identification Number G/T Gain to System Noise Ratio GBF Gateway/Base Function GBS Gateway Base System GC Group Controller GC-I Interætation signaling channel from Group Controller to Feederlink Earth Station GC-S Time Division Multiplex Signaling channel ~rom Group Controller ~ to Mobile Terminal GCSST GC-S Search Time 2 0 GEN Generator GHz Giga (1,000,000,000) Hertz (cycles per second) GMACS Graphical Monitor And Control System GPIB General Purpose Instrument Bus GPS Global Positioning System ~ 21 85949 GS Gateway Station GSI GC-S Selector Identif ier GW Gateway GWS Gateway Switch GWS/BSS Gateway Switch/Base Station Switch H/W Hardware HCHREQ Handof f C~annel Request HDP Hardware Development Plan HLR Home Location Register HMI Human Machine Interface HOT Hand-of f Test HPA High Power Amplif ier _ HRS E~ardware Requirements Specification HWCI Hardware Conf iguration Item HW/SW Hardware/Software Hz ~Iertz In Phase channel *
IAW In Accordance With IC Interexchange Carrier ICD Interface Control Document ICI Instrument Control Interface ICP Intelligent Cellular Peripheral ICU Intersta~ion Channel ~rnit 2 ~ 85949 ICWG Interface Control Working Group/Interface Coordination Working Group ID T~nt f ication IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IF Interoediate Frequency IFIS Intermediate Frequency Subsystem IFL Interfacility Link IF IFL Intermediate Frequency Tnt:~rn:~l Facility Link IHO Interstation~ nd~ff IICD Internal Interface Control Document IICWG Tnt~rn:~l Interface Control Working Group IM Intermodulation IMBE Improved Multiband Excitation IOC Input/Output Controller IP Internet Protocol ISCU Interstation Signaling Channel Unit/Interstation Channel Unit ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISL Interstation Signaling Link ISO International Standards Organization IVDCPD Integrated Voice & Data Call Processing Demonstration IVDM Integrated Voice/Data Mobile Terminal KBPS Kilo (1, 000) Bits per Second ~ 21 85949 kHz Kilohertz KLNA K-band Low Noise Amplifier KP Key Pulse LAN Local Area Network LAP Link Access Procedure LAPB Link Access Procedure using a balanced mode of operation LATA Local Access and Transport Area LBP Local Blocking Probability LCN Logical Channel Number LLCSC Lower Level Computer Sof tware Component LLNA L-band Lowe Noise Amplifier LLS Lower Level Specif ication LNA Low Noise Amplifier LOI Level of Integratio~
LPP Link Peripheral Processor LRU Line Replaceable IJnit LRU Lowest Replaceable l~rnit LSSGR Loval Access and Transport Area Switching Systems Ge~eric Requirements MAP Maintenance Administrative Position MAP Mobile Application Part M bit ' More Data' bit in X. 25 21 8594q .
- 99 - 150~-007 M~C Monitor and Control MCC Management Control Center MCGID Mobile Data Service Control Group Identif ication Number MDLP Mobile Data Service Data Link Protocol MDS Mobile Data Service MDSR MDLP Statistics Request MEA Fail~re Mode~ and Ef~ects Analysis MEF Minimum Essential Fun~ n~l; ty MELCO Mitsubishi Electronic Company MET Mobile Earth Terminal (a.k.a. MT) MET-C Communication Channel Between Mobile Terminal and Feederlink Earth Station MET-DRd Inbound Slotted Aloha Data Cha~nel MET-DRr Inbound Slotted Aloha Reservation Channel MET-DT IrLbound Packet Time Division Multiple Access Channel MET-SR Random Acces~ Signaling Channel from Mobile Terminal to Group Controller MET-ST Time Division Multiple Access signaling channel from Mobile Terminal to Group Controller MF Multiple Fre~uency MFID Manufacturer Identification MGSP Mobile Terminal to Grou~ Controller Signaling Protocol 2 ~ 85949 - 100 - 1~06-QO7 MHz Mega Hertz (cycles per second) MIB Management Information Base MIR Management Information Region MIRQ MT Initialization Request MIS Mobile Terminal Interface Simulator MIS Mobile Earth Terminal Interface Simulator ML Message Layer MLCSC Mid Level Computer Sof t~are Component MLP Multilink Procedure MMI Man Machine Interface MMRS Mobile Road Service MMSS Maritime Mobile Satellite Services MNMS Mobile Data Service Network Management Subsystem MNP Multi Network Protocol MODEM MODulator/DEModulator MOS Mean Opinion Score MOV Method of Verification MPLP Mobile Data Service Packet Layer Protocol MPR MPR Teltech Inc.
2 0 MRI Minimum Re~uest Interval MRS Mobile Radio Service MSAT Mobile Satellite MSC Mobile Switching Center MSS Mobile Satellite Service 25 MSSP Mobile Terminal Sp~ i 7~ Services Protocol 2 1 8594q ms millisecond MT Mobile Terminal MT-C Communication Channel Between Mobile Terminal and Feederli~k Earth Station MT-DRd Inbound Slotted Aloha Data Channel MT-DRr Inbound Slotted Aloha Reservation Channel MT-DT ~nbound Packet Time Division Multiple Access Channel MT/NR Mobile Terminal/Net Radio MT ASK Mobile Terminal Access Security Key MTBF Mean-Time Between Failures MTBRA Mean-Time Between Restoral Actions MTCRS Mobile Telephone Cellular Roaming Service MT-MET Mobile :Cerminal to Mobile Terminal MT-MT Mobile Terminal to Mobile Terminal MTP Mobile Data Service T~ansaction Protocol MT-PSTN Mobile Terminal/Public Switched Telephone Network MTS Mobile Telephone Service MT-SR :Random Access Signaling Channel from Mobile Terminal to Group Controller MTSR MTP Statistics Request MT-ST Time Division Multiple Access Signaling Channel from Mobile Terminal to Group Controller MTTR Mean-Time to Repair MTX Mobile Telephone Exchange MULP Mobile Data Service Unacknowledged Link Protocol MUSR MULP Statistics Request NACN North American Cellular Network NADP North American Dialing Plan 5 NA~P North American Numbering Plan NAP Network Access Processor NAP-C Network Access Processor for the Communications Channel NAP-CU Network Access Processor-Channel Unit NAP-D Network Acces~ Processor for the Data Channel NAP-N Network Acce^s Processor for the Network Radio Channel NAP-S Network Access Processor for the Signaling Channel NAS Network Access Subsystem NASP National Aerospace Plan NCC Network Communications Controller NCC Network Control Center NCC-RE Network Communications Controller Radio frequency Equipment NCC-TE Network Communications Controller Terminal Eguipment NCS Network Co~trol System NCU Net Radio Control Unit NCU Net Radio Channel Unit - 103 - 15Q~-007 NE Network Engineering NEBS New E~luipment Building System NE/SE Network Engineering/System Engineering NIM Network Module 5 NM Network Module NMP Network Management Process NMS Network Management System NMS/CMIS Network Management System/Customer Management In~ormation System NOC Network Operations Center NOC-FES Network Operations Center-Feederlink Earth Station NPA Numbering Plan Area NR Net Radio NRCXA Net Radio Channel Assignment NRCHREI- Net Radio Channel Release NRCHREQ Net Radio Channel Re~auest NRDVI Net Radio Dispatcher Voice Inter:~ace NRS Net Radio Service NRZ Non-Return to Zero 2 0 NT ~orthern Telecom NTL Northern Telecom I,imited NTP Northerr~ Telecom Practice NVM Non-Volatile Memory OA M Operation, ~dministration, and Maintenance 2~ 85949 O&M Operations and ~;~;nt}~n~n.~e OJJ On the Job Training OM Operational Measurements (from GWS) OS Operating System 5 OSF Open Software Fo~ln~ n OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSR Operational Support Review PA Product Assurance PAC Pre-emption Acknowledge Message PAD Packet Assembler/Disassembler PAP Product Assurance Plan PBX Private Branch Exchange PC Process Control PCM Pulse Code Modulation PC-RFMCP PC Based RFM Control Proceseor PC-SCP PC Based Systems Control Processor PCSTR Physical Channel Statistics Request PCT Provisioning Criteria Table PCU Pilot Control Unit 2 0 PCU Pilot Channel IJnit PDAMA Priority Demand Assignment Multiple Access PDN Packet Data Network PDR Preliminary Design Review PDU Protocol Dat ~ Unit ~ 21 85949 PE Protocol Extension PER Packet Error Rate PERSP Packet Error Rate Sample Period PERT Packet Error Rate Threshold PIP Program Implementation Plan PLP Packet Layer Protocol PLT Pilot PMR Project Management Review PMT Pre-emption Message PN Private Network PN Pseudo Noise PNIC Private Network Identi:Eication Code PPM Pulses per Minute PS Processor Subsystem PSDN Private Switched Data Network PSDN Public Switched Data Network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PTT Push - To - Talk PVC Per:Eormance Virtual Circuit PVT Permanent Veri~ication Test/Per~ormance Verification Test ..
Q Quadrature Phased Channel QA Quality Assurance Q bit 'Quali~ied Data' bit in X.25 2~ ~5949 QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Eteyin~
RAM Random Access Memory RAM Reliability, Availability, ~i nt;~ hl lity RDB Relatio~al DataBase REMS Remote Environmental Monitoring System Req Requirement Rev Revision RF Radio Frequency RFE Radio Frequency Equipment RF IFL Radio Frequency Inter Facility ~ink RFM Radio Frequency Monitor RFP Request For Proposal RFS Radio Frequency Subsystem RHCP Ri~ht ~Iand Circularly Polarized RMS Remote Monitorin~ Station RMS Remote Monitor Sub~ystem RNO Remote NOC Operator ROM Read Only Memory RR Receiver Ready RS Requirements Specification RS-232C Electronics I~dustry Standard for unbalanced data circuits RSP Radio Standard Procedure RTIN Reverse Terminal Identif ication ~umber 2 1 8594~

RTM Requirements Traceability Matrix RTP Reliable Transaction Protocol RTR Reliable Transaction Router RTS Reliable Transaction Service RTS Receiver/Tuner System Rx receive S /W 5Of tware SCADA Supervisor,v Control and Data Ac~uisition SCCP Signaline Connection Control Part SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier :
SCR Sof tware Change Request SCS System Common Sof tware SCU Signaling Channel ~nit SDD Software Design Description SDID Seller Data Item Description SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control SDP Software Development Plan SDPAP Software Development Product Assurance Plan SDR System Design Review SDR~ Seller Data Requirements List SE Systems Engineering SEC Setup Complete Message SEDP Software Engineering Development Plan SEE Sof tware Eng ~neering Environment 2 ~ 8594q .
- 108 - 1506-0~7 SEEP Sof tware Engineering Environment Plan SID System Identifier Code SIF System Integration Facility SIT Special Information Tones S~OC Source Lines of Code SLSS Station Logic and Signaling Subsystem SM Site Manager SMAC Station Monitor Alarm and Control Subsystem SMDS S~tellite Mobile Data Service SMP Software Management Plan SMRS Satellite Mobile Radio Service SMSC Satellite Mobile Switching Center SMTS Satellite Mobile Telephone Service SNA Systems Network Architecture SNAC Satellite Network Access Controller SNACS Satellite Network Access Controller Subsystem SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNR Signal to Noise Ratio SOC Satellite Operation Center SOW Statement of Work SP Start Pul3e SPAP Software Product Assurance Plan SPP Satellite Protocol Processor SQL Sof tware Query Language SRR Systems Re~luirements Review 21 85q49 .

SRS So~tware Reguirement3 Specification SS7 Signaling System No. 7 SSA Sloppy Slotted Aloha SSTS Satellite Transmission Systems, Inc.
STP Signal Transfer Point STP System Test Program STS System Test Station.
STSI Satellite Transmission Systems, Inc.
SU Signaling ~nit SUES Shared-Use Earth Station SVC Switched Virtual Circuit SWP Software Verification and Validation Plan SVVPR Software Verification and Validation Plan Review S/W Software [TI] Top ~evel Specification T- 1 Digital Transmission link, 1. 544 Me~a-bits per second TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TCAP Transactions Capabilities Application Part 2 0 TCF Training Check Frame TD Transmission Demonstration TDM Time Division Multiplex TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDMSI Time Divisio~ Multiplex Selector ID

TE Terminal Equipment Telecom Telephonic Communications TDM Time Division Multiplex TDM~ TDM Access TID Terminal Identification TIM Timing TIM Technical Interchange Meeting TIN Terminal Identification Number TIS Terrestrial Interface Su~system T~CSC Top :Level Computer Software Component TLS Top ~evel Specification TMI Telesat Mo~ile Incorporated TMS Test and Monitor Station TNI Terrestrial Network Interface TPP Test Plan and Procedure TT&C Telemetry, Tracking and Control Tx Transmit UCN Up CoNverter UDS Unacknowledged Data Delivery Service UIS User Interface Subsystem UPC ~Tplink Power Control UTR Universal Tone Receiver UW Unique Words .

V&V Verification and Validation VAC Value-Added Carrier VAX Model Identif ication of a Digital Equipment Corporation system VAX Virtual Address eXtension ~proprietary name used by DEC for some of its computer systems) VCN Virtual Circuit Number VF Voice Frequency VLR Visitor Location Register VN Virtual Network VPN Virtual Private Network VUP VAX Unit of Processing V.22bis Modem Standard for 24 () 0 Baud Service Over Telephone Lines V.25 Procedure for setting up a data connection on the Public Switched Telephone Network V.26, V.28 Electrical specification o~ interchange circuits at both the Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communications Equipment sides of the interface (similar to RS-232-C) V.32 High Speed Serial Link, Physical Layer Definition V.35 X.25 physical layer interface used to access wideband ~-h~nn~ (at data ,tes up t~ 64kbit/s) .

WAN . Wide Area Network XCR X . 2 5 Conf igurat i on Reque s t XICD External Interface Control Document XICWG External Interface Control Working Group X.3 Specification for facilities provided by the Packet Assembler/Disassembler X . 21 X . 25 physical layer interface for Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communications Equipment using synchronous transmission facilities X.21bis X.25 physical layer interface for Data Terminal Equipment designed for interfacing to synchronous V-series modems to access data networks X. 25 Specification for interface between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communications Equipment for t~rmin~l~ operating in packet mode X. 28 Specification for interaction between loval terminal and Packet Assembler/Disassembler X . 2 9 Specif ication f or interaction between Packet Assembler/Disassembler and remote packet mode 2 0 terminal What is claimed is:

Claims (23)

1. In a mobile satellite system including a satellite communication switching office having a satellite antenna for receiving/transmitting a satellite message via a satellite from/to a vehicle using a mobile communication system, a satellite interface system, a central controller receiving/transmitting the satellite message from/to the satellite communication switching office issued from the vehicle via the satellite and the satellite interface system, the mobile communication system comprising a user interface system providing a user interface through which a user has access to services supported by the mobile satellite system, an antenna system providing an interface between the mobile communication system and the mobile satellite system via the satellite interface system, and receiving a first satellite message from the satellite and transmitting a second satellite message to the satellite, a transceiver system, operatively connected to said antenna system, including a receiver and a transmitter, the transmitter converting the second satellite message including at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling signals into a modulated signal, transmitting the modulated signal to said antenna system, the transmitter including an amplifier, a first converter and associated first frequency synthesizer, a modulator, an encoder, multiplexer, scrambler and frame formatter for at least one of voice, fax, and data, the receiver accepting the first satellite message from the antenna system and converting the first satellite message into at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling signals, at least one of the voice, data and fax signals routed to the user interface system, the receiver including a second converter with an associated second frequency synthesizer, a demodulator, a decoder, demultiplexer, descrambler and frame unformatter for at least one of voice, fax, and data and a logic and signaling system, operatively connected to said transceiver, controlling initialization of the mobile communication system, obtaining an assigned outbound signaling channel from which updated system information and commands and messages are received, said logic and signaling system configuring said transceiver for reception and transmission of at least one of voice, data, fax and signaling messages, and controlling protocols between the mobile communication system and the mobile satellite system, and validating a received signalling messages and generating codes for a signaling message to be transmitted, a method of providing satellite communication between multiple users in a closed user group arrangement , said method comprising the steps of:
(a) first and second mobile earth terminals (METs) registering with the mobile satellite system;

(b) the first MET selecting a closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the first and second METs to establish voice communication therewith;
(c) the first MET transmitting the NET ID to the central controller;
(d) the central controller receiving the NET ID, validating the first MET for communication, validating the NET ID, allocating a frequency for the NET group, and broadcasting the message to the NET group including the second MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith;
(e) the second MET tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller;
(f) assigning by the central controller the first MET
as current speaker for the NET group;
(g) monitoring by the first and second METs whether at least one of a dispatcher message, a priority message and a release of speaker message has been issued, and if so, interrupting the current speaker with the at least one of the dispatcher message, the priority message and a new speaker;
(h) monitoring by the central controller whether the current speaker is active, and if not, removing the current speaker and setting the current speaker to vacant;
(i) notifying by the central controller the first and second METs that the current speaker is vacant;
(j) initiating by one of the first and second METs a request to be the new speaker;
(k) receiving by the central controller the request from a first of the one of the first and second METs to be the new speaker, and assigning the first of the one of the first and second METs as the new speaker; and (l) releasing the closed user group communication when no request from the one of the first and second METs is made to be the new speaker for a predetermined period of time.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
(1) a third MET included in the NET group registering with the mobile satellite system;
(2) the central controller broadcasting the message to the NET group including the third MET informing the NET
group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith;
(3) the third MET generating a scrambling vector for access to the voice communication; and (4) the third MET tuning to the allocated frequency for the NET group using the scrambling vector to gain access thereto.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the central controller controls the closed user group satellite communication including net radio parameters used by the first and second METs.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the central controller selectively downloads the NET IDs to the first and second METs according to predetermined user criteria.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the central controller collects billing information regarding the closed user group satellite communication and transmits the billing information to the mobile satellite system, and wherein the mobile satellite system charges a service fee to a customer that has requested the closed user group arrangement.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
(1) a non-MET accessing the mobile satellite system via one of a public switched telephone network and a cellular network to initiate a closed user group communication with the NET group including at least one of the first and second METs;
(2) the central controller broadcasting the message to the NET group informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith; and (3) the at least one of the first and second METs tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller to communicate with the non-MET in the closed user group arrangement.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
(1) the first MET selecting the closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the first MET and a non-MET serviced by one of a public switched telephone network and a cellular network to establish voice communication therewith;
(2) the first MET transmitting the NET ID to the central controller;
(3) the central controller receiving the NET ID, determining that the NET group includes the non-MET, and broadcasting a non-MET message to the one of the public switched telephone network and the cellular network including the voice communication associated therewith;
and (4) the one of the public switched telephone network and the cellular network receiving the non-MET message from the central controller and transmitting the non-MET
message to the non-MET to establish the closed user group arrangement between the MET and the non-MET.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first MET includes a push to talk (PTT) device for generating the release of speaker message, and wherein said method further comprises the steps of the first MET activating the PTT device generating a PTT signal only when the PTT
device is activated after the current speaker is one of vacant or the first MET, relieving congestion on the satellite by selectively transmitting the PTT signal.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the first MET activates the PTT device before one of the current speaker is vacant and the first MET, the first MET
ignores the activation of the PTT device.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of the central controller selectively downloading monitor codes to the first and second METs according to predetermined user criteria.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the monitor codes functioning to lock at least one of the first and second METs to the NET group preventing the NET
group from being released when no request has been made by one of the first and second METs to be the current speaker after the predetermined period of time.

12. In a mobile satellite system including a satellite communication switching office having a satellite antenna for receiving/transmitting a satellite message via a satellite from/to a vehicle using a mobile communication system, a central controller receiving/transmitting the satellite message from/to the satellite communication switching office issued from the vehicle via the satellite, a method of providing, satellite communication between multiple users in a closed user group arrangement, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) first and second mobile earth terminals (METs) registering with the mobile satellite system;
(b) the first MET selecting a closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the first and second METs to establish voice communication therewith;
(c) the first MET transmitting the NET ID to the central controller;

(d) the central controller receiving the NET ID, validating the first MET for communication, validating the NET ID, allocating a frequency for the NET group, and broadcasting the message to the NET group including the second MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith;
(e) the second MET tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller; and (f) the central controller assigning the first MET as current speaker for the NET group.

13. In a mobile satellite system including a satellite communication switching office having a satellite antenna for receiving/transmitting a satellite message via a satellite from/to a vehicle using a mobile communication system, a central controller receiving/transmitting the satellite message from/to the satellite communication switching office issued from the vehicle via the satellite, a system for providing satellite communication between multiple users in a closed user group arrangement, comprising:
first and second mobile earth terminals (METs) responsively connected to and registering with the mobile satellite system, the first MET selecting a closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the first and second METs to establish voice communication therewith and transmitting the NET ID; and a central controller responsively connected to the first and second METs, the central controller receiving the NET ID from the first MET, validating the first MET
for communication, validating the NET ID, allocating a frequency for the NET group, and broadcasting the message to the NET group including the second MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith, the second MET tuning to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller, and the central controller assigning the first MET as current speaker for the NET
group.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the central controller controls the closed user group satellite communication including net radio parameters used by the first and second METs.

15. The system according to claim 13, wherein the central controller selectively downloads the NET IDs to the first and second METs according to predetermined user criteria.

16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the central controller collects billing information regarding the closed user group satellite communication and transmits the billing information to the mobile satellite system, and wherein the mobile satellite system charges a service fee to a customer that has requested the closed user group arrangement.

17. The system according to claim 13, wherein a non-MET accesses the mobile satellite system via one of a public switched telephone network and a cellular network to initiate a closed user group communication with the NET group including at least one of the first and second METs, the central controller broadcasts the message to the NET group informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith, and the at least one of the first and second METs tunes to the frequency in response to the message broadcast by the central controller to communicate with the non-MET in the closed user group arrangement.

18. The system according to claim 13, wherein the first MET selects the closed user group network identifier (NET ID) representing a NET group including the first MET and a non-MET serviced by one of a public switched telephone network and a cellular network to establish voice communication therewith, and transmits the NET ID to the central controller, the central controller receives the NET ID, determines that the NET group includes the non-MET, and broadcasts a non-MET message to the one of the public switched telephone network and the cellular network including the voice communication associated therewith, and the one of the public switched telephone network and the cellular network receives the non-MET message from the central controller and transmits the non-MET message to the non-MET to establish the closed user group arrangement between the MET and the non-MET.

19. The system according to claim 13, wherein the first MET includes a push to talk (PTT) device for generating the release of speaker message, and wherein when the first MET activates the PTT device, a PTT signal is generated only when the PTT device is activated af ter the current speaker is one of vacant or the first MET, relieving congestion on the satellite by selectively transmitting the PTT signal.

20. The system according to claim 13, wherein when the first MET activates the PTT device before one of the current speaker is vacant and the first MET, the first MET
ignores the activation of the PTT device.

21. The system according to claim 13, wherein the central controller selectively downloads monitor codes to the first and second METs according to predetermined user criteria.

22. The system according to claim 21, wherein the monitor codes functioning to lock at least one of the first and second METs to the NET group preventing the NET
group from being released when no request has been made by one of the first and second METs to be the current speaker after the predetermined period of time.

23. The system according to claim 13, further comprising a third MET responsively connected to said central controller and included in the NET group registering with the mobile satellite system, and wherein the central controller broadcasts the message to the NET group including the third MET informing the NET group of the allocated frequency and the voice communication associated therewith, the third MET generating a scrambling vector for access to the voice communication, and tuning to the allocated frequency for the NET group using the scrambling vector to gain access thereto.