CA2185186A1 - Non-flammable gaseous mixture - Google Patents
Non-flammable gaseous mixtureInfo
- Publication number
- CA2185186A1 CA2185186A1 CA 2185186 CA2185186A CA2185186A1 CA 2185186 A1 CA2185186 A1 CA 2185186A1 CA 2185186 CA2185186 CA 2185186 CA 2185186 A CA2185186 A CA 2185186A CA 2185186 A1 CA2185186 A1 CA 2185186A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- composition
- fumigant
- phosphine
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a non-flammable gaseous composition which is capable of being compressed into a container adapted for release thereof comprising: a non-flammable amount of a flammable sterilizing gas or fumigant; nitrogen gas; and carbon dioxide gas
Description
Attorney Docket No. V236 PATENT
NON-FLAMMABLE GASEOUS MIXTURE
This invention relates to a gaseous composition containing a fumigant or sterilizing gas which is suitable for compressing into a cylinder.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many fumigants and sterilizing gases are flammable. In order to supply these gases to the market, it is necessary to combine small amounts thereof with a non-flammable liquid, such as liquid carbon dioxide. For example, phosphine is marketed as a composition of 2 wt% phosphine in liquid carbon 25 dioxide (CO2). Such a phosphine composition, when supplied in a 48 liter cylinder and under appropriate pressure, will typically contain about 16.5m3 of gas at ambient temperature. When the composition is vaporized, the vaporized gas typically contains about 2.6 vol% phosphine.
When filling a cylinder with liquid carbon dioxide containing a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas, it is critical that the cylinder not be overfilled.This is because liquid carbon dioxide is not capable of being compressed.
Therefore, a cylinder containing too much liquid carbon dioxide may explode upon warming due to the thermal expansion of the liquid carbon dioxide. To ensure that overfilling does not occur it is necessary to individually fill eachcylinder by weight. This is inefficient, time-consuming and not cost effective.
;~ 2~5186 -- Attorney Docket No. V236 - 2 - PATENT
It would be desirable to find a non-flammable composition capable of containing a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas and which is capable of being compressed into a cylinder without criticality as to the exact weight added to thereby facilitate filling of a number of cylinders at the same time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVFNTION
Compositions are disclosed which contain a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas and a carrier comprised of carbon dioxide and nitrogen which 10 can be compressed into conventional cylinders without the risk of explosion.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fumigant or sterilizing gas to be combined into the subject 15 compositions may be any art-recognized flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas, such as phosphine (PH3), carbonyl sulfide (COS), methyl bromide (CH3Br), ethylene oxide (C2H40) and the like. The subject compositions contain the sterilizing or fumigant gas in a non-flammable amount. By this is meant an amount that can be tolerated without the liberated gas mixture 20 becoming an explosion hazard.
The amount of flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas which can be utilized without creating an explosion hazard upon release is within the purview of those skilled in the art for conventionally used gases or can be 25 readily determined without an undue amount of experimentation. For example, utilizing phosphine as the fumigant gas, the amount contained in the cylinder is limited such that the gaseous composition when released typically does not exceed about 2.5 % by volume of phosphine. A preferred composition in accordance with the invention, when released, will contain 30 about 2 . 4 vol % of phosphine .
2185~86 Attorney Docket No. V236 - 3 - PATENT
The carrier or diluent gas composition in accordance with the present invention comprises a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. It has been found that such mixtures overcome the problems previously associated with supplying flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas. The amount of carbon S dioxide present in the subject compositions is limited by that value at which liquefaction occurs. Typically amounts up to 65 v! % of carbon dioxide are used. However, it is desirable that a significant amount of carbon dioxide be utilized as it enables more of the fumigant or sterilizing gas to be present.
Therefore, a preferred composition in accordance with the invention is comprised of from about 45 to 65 vol % of carbon dioxide and 35 to 55 vol % of nitrogen.
The gas compositions of the invention contain the desirable amount of fumigant or sterilizing gas as described above and the combination of carbon 15 dioxide and nitrogen in the volume percentages specified herein. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the actual amounts used may vary depending on the size and maximum pressure rating of the cylinder. The compositions of the invention are suitable for filling a plurality of containers at the same time, for example, 12 cylinders on a pallet, thereby markedly improving 20 production capacity. Preferably, cylinder utilized for the compositions of the subject invention are equipped with an eductor tube.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it may be necessary to utilize a greater number of cylinders of gas prepared in accordance with 25 the present invention than prior art compositions as described above in order to supply an equivalent amount of the fumigant or sterilizing gas. For example, it is necessary to utilize three cylinders of a composition in accordance with the invention delivering 2.4 % v/v phosphine to replace two cylinders of the existing 2.6% v/v phosphine/liquid CO2 mixture in order to 30 supply the equivalent amount of phosphine gas. However, the benefits of the subject compositions as described above outweigh the increase in number of cylinders required.
2l8sl86 Attorney Docket No. V236 - 4 - PATENT
The following Example illustrates this invention, it being understood that the invention is in no way intended to be limited to the details described therein .
A composition containing 2.4%v/v phosphine in a mixture of 60 vol %
carbon dioxide and 40 vol % nitrogen was prepared and compressed into a 48 liter cylinder to a pressure of 163 bar. When in use the gas released from 10 the cylinder consistently contained 2.4% v/v phosphine,
NON-FLAMMABLE GASEOUS MIXTURE
This invention relates to a gaseous composition containing a fumigant or sterilizing gas which is suitable for compressing into a cylinder.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many fumigants and sterilizing gases are flammable. In order to supply these gases to the market, it is necessary to combine small amounts thereof with a non-flammable liquid, such as liquid carbon dioxide. For example, phosphine is marketed as a composition of 2 wt% phosphine in liquid carbon 25 dioxide (CO2). Such a phosphine composition, when supplied in a 48 liter cylinder and under appropriate pressure, will typically contain about 16.5m3 of gas at ambient temperature. When the composition is vaporized, the vaporized gas typically contains about 2.6 vol% phosphine.
When filling a cylinder with liquid carbon dioxide containing a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas, it is critical that the cylinder not be overfilled.This is because liquid carbon dioxide is not capable of being compressed.
Therefore, a cylinder containing too much liquid carbon dioxide may explode upon warming due to the thermal expansion of the liquid carbon dioxide. To ensure that overfilling does not occur it is necessary to individually fill eachcylinder by weight. This is inefficient, time-consuming and not cost effective.
;~ 2~5186 -- Attorney Docket No. V236 - 2 - PATENT
It would be desirable to find a non-flammable composition capable of containing a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas and which is capable of being compressed into a cylinder without criticality as to the exact weight added to thereby facilitate filling of a number of cylinders at the same time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVFNTION
Compositions are disclosed which contain a flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas and a carrier comprised of carbon dioxide and nitrogen which 10 can be compressed into conventional cylinders without the risk of explosion.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fumigant or sterilizing gas to be combined into the subject 15 compositions may be any art-recognized flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas, such as phosphine (PH3), carbonyl sulfide (COS), methyl bromide (CH3Br), ethylene oxide (C2H40) and the like. The subject compositions contain the sterilizing or fumigant gas in a non-flammable amount. By this is meant an amount that can be tolerated without the liberated gas mixture 20 becoming an explosion hazard.
The amount of flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas which can be utilized without creating an explosion hazard upon release is within the purview of those skilled in the art for conventionally used gases or can be 25 readily determined without an undue amount of experimentation. For example, utilizing phosphine as the fumigant gas, the amount contained in the cylinder is limited such that the gaseous composition when released typically does not exceed about 2.5 % by volume of phosphine. A preferred composition in accordance with the invention, when released, will contain 30 about 2 . 4 vol % of phosphine .
2185~86 Attorney Docket No. V236 - 3 - PATENT
The carrier or diluent gas composition in accordance with the present invention comprises a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. It has been found that such mixtures overcome the problems previously associated with supplying flammable fumigant or sterilizing gas. The amount of carbon S dioxide present in the subject compositions is limited by that value at which liquefaction occurs. Typically amounts up to 65 v! % of carbon dioxide are used. However, it is desirable that a significant amount of carbon dioxide be utilized as it enables more of the fumigant or sterilizing gas to be present.
Therefore, a preferred composition in accordance with the invention is comprised of from about 45 to 65 vol % of carbon dioxide and 35 to 55 vol % of nitrogen.
The gas compositions of the invention contain the desirable amount of fumigant or sterilizing gas as described above and the combination of carbon 15 dioxide and nitrogen in the volume percentages specified herein. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the actual amounts used may vary depending on the size and maximum pressure rating of the cylinder. The compositions of the invention are suitable for filling a plurality of containers at the same time, for example, 12 cylinders on a pallet, thereby markedly improving 20 production capacity. Preferably, cylinder utilized for the compositions of the subject invention are equipped with an eductor tube.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it may be necessary to utilize a greater number of cylinders of gas prepared in accordance with 25 the present invention than prior art compositions as described above in order to supply an equivalent amount of the fumigant or sterilizing gas. For example, it is necessary to utilize three cylinders of a composition in accordance with the invention delivering 2.4 % v/v phosphine to replace two cylinders of the existing 2.6% v/v phosphine/liquid CO2 mixture in order to 30 supply the equivalent amount of phosphine gas. However, the benefits of the subject compositions as described above outweigh the increase in number of cylinders required.
2l8sl86 Attorney Docket No. V236 - 4 - PATENT
The following Example illustrates this invention, it being understood that the invention is in no way intended to be limited to the details described therein .
A composition containing 2.4%v/v phosphine in a mixture of 60 vol %
carbon dioxide and 40 vol % nitrogen was prepared and compressed into a 48 liter cylinder to a pressure of 163 bar. When in use the gas released from 10 the cylinder consistently contained 2.4% v/v phosphine,
Claims (8)
1. A non-flammable gaseous composition which is capable of being compressed into a container adapted for release there comprising: a non-flammable amount of a flammable sterilizing gas or fumigant; nitrogen gas;
and carbon dioxide gas.
and carbon dioxide gas.
2. A composition in accordance with Claim 1, wherein the fumigant or sterilizing gas is selected from the group consisting of phosphine, carbonyl sulfide, methyl bromide, and ethylene oxide.
3. A composition in accordance with Claim 2, wherein said fumigant or sterilzing gas is phosphine and is present in an amount such that when said gas in released from the container, the released gas contains a volume percent of phosphine not exceeding 2.5%.
4. A composition in accordance with Claim 3, wherein the released gas contains about 2.4% volume percent of phosphine.
5. A composition in accordance with Claim 1, containing up to 65 vol% carbon dioxide.
6. A composition in accordance with Claim 1, wherein carbon dioxide and nitrogen are present in the ratio of from about 45 to 65 vol%
carbon dioxide and about 35 to 55 vol% nitrogen.
carbon dioxide and about 35 to 55 vol% nitrogen.
7. A composition in accordance with Claim 6, wherein said fumigant or sterilzing gas is phosphine
8. A container containing a compressed fumigant or sterilizing gas composition in accordance with Claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN5366A AUPN536695A0 (en) | 1995-09-11 | 1995-09-11 | Non-flammable gaseous mixture |
| AUPN5366 | 1995-09-11 | ||
| AUPN5609 | 1995-09-25 | ||
| AUPN5609A AUPN560995A0 (en) | 1995-09-25 | 1995-09-25 | Non-flammable gaseous mixture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2185186A1 true CA2185186A1 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
Family
ID=25645024
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2185186 Abandoned CA2185186A1 (en) | 1995-09-11 | 1996-09-10 | Non-flammable gaseous mixture |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3040348B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2185186A1 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-09-10 CA CA 2185186 patent/CA2185186A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-10 JP JP8238992A patent/JP3040348B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3040348B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
| JPH09286702A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |
Effective date: 20061222 |