CA2180637A1 - Process and plant for joining aluminium parts by soldering, uses of the process and plant for implementing the process - Google Patents
Process and plant for joining aluminium parts by soldering, uses of the process and plant for implementing the processInfo
- Publication number
- CA2180637A1 CA2180637A1 CA002180637A CA2180637A CA2180637A1 CA 2180637 A1 CA2180637 A1 CA 2180637A1 CA 002180637 A CA002180637 A CA 002180637A CA 2180637 A CA2180637 A CA 2180637A CA 2180637 A1 CA2180637 A1 CA 2180637A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- soldering
- flux
- additament
- additional material
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Die Bonding (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
- Molten Solder (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for joining overlapping aluminium parts forming a solder gap between them by soldering with a solder suitable for an A1/A1 as the filler and a flux, in which first of all a quantity of filler and flux corresponding to the solder requirement is deposited near the visible start of the solder gap and then the aluminium parts are heated for long enough for the filler to melt and creep into the solder gap, whereupon heating is stopped. The feature of the process of the invention is that a region of the visible start of the solder gap and the deposited filler and flux is continuously and contactlessly monitored during heating and the heating adjusted as soon as a control pulse triggered by the sensor has recorded the melting of the filler or the flux.
Description
A method and installation for joining aluminium parts by soldering, application of the method and installation for carrying out the method The invention relate~ to a method for joining by ~oldering overlapping aluminium parts which form a soldering gap between themselves with a solder suitable ior an Al/Al soldering as additional material, with the additional material and the flwc additament being deposited a3 close as posslble to the visible rim of the soldering gap in a quantity corresponding to the soldering need and thereafter the aluminium parts being heated 80 long until the additional material i~ molten and has crept into the soldering gap, whereupon the heating is stopped. The invention deals moreover with special applications of the method and wlth an installation for carrying out the method .
The type of the invention relate~ thus to the generally known, regularly employed soldering method which, a~ is known to the man skilled in the art, i~ practiced moYtly by additionally use of a suitable flux additament. Such a soldering requires- during the use of the solder, which per ~ie and/or in combination with a ~lux additament has a melting point of aluminium close to approx. 600C, a caref ul guidance of the temperature in order to prevent any melting of the aluminium parts to be j olned . An aluminium basic E~older, e.g. AlSil3 (aluminium with a 13 ~ masf~ chare of silicon), as additional material will have a soldering interval of 590 to 610C in combination with a 1ux additament which is specially adapted to Al/Al soldering, i.e. it will melt in a temperature range of 590 to 610C
and thereaf ter creep into the soldering gap .
The type of the invention relate~ thus to the generally known, regularly employed soldering method which, a~ is known to the man skilled in the art, i~ practiced moYtly by additionally use of a suitable flux additament. Such a soldering requires- during the use of the solder, which per ~ie and/or in combination with a ~lux additament has a melting point of aluminium close to approx. 600C, a caref ul guidance of the temperature in order to prevent any melting of the aluminium parts to be j olned . An aluminium basic E~older, e.g. AlSil3 (aluminium with a 13 ~ masf~ chare of silicon), as additional material will have a soldering interval of 590 to 610C in combination with a 1ux additament which is specially adapted to Al/Al soldering, i.e. it will melt in a temperature range of 590 to 610C
and thereaf ter creep into the soldering gap .
Even if with respect to ~he j oining it i8 possible to determine empirically that the soldering area has to be heated for six seconds on the average for example to bring the soldering process to its initiation, it remains 90 that some soldering processes of a series would have required a somewhat longer or somewhat shorter heating. The thus arising faulty solderings, l.e. an incomplete connection or alternatively practically a destruction of the connection area by the melting, have a disadvantageous effect on the commercial viability of the soldering and the reliability of the automation.
It i8 the object of the present invention to automate the soldering process of this kind by avoiding the afol~.r~n~innPtl deficiencies with the objective of achieving high operational security, which shall include that any possible, even only transient changes in the intensity of the heating should be manageable.
It is therefore proposed in accordance with the invention that an area of the visible rim of the soldering gap and of the deposited additional material and f lux additament is scanned rnntinlln11cly and contact-free via a sensor during ~---the heating and that the heating is influenced as soon as a ~:~
control pulse initiated by the sensor has detected the melting off of the additional material or the flux additament .
In an embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention it is provided that the relief of the area is scanned via a laser as sensor and the heating is ended as soon as the laser has regi~tered a prede~-r-n~n~ change of :-the relief.
An alternative thereto provides on the other hand that the area is scanned by a video camera as sensor, the detected image is digitized and the heating is influenced as ~oon as a signif icant change in the digitized image has occurred as a result o the melting off of the additional material or of the flux additament.
This leads to the advantage that already the low-melting flux addltament, which is required for the opening up of the oxidation surface and thus for rlF~Anin~ the parts to be joined, is monitored and any changes thereof lead to an early control intervention.
.
It is particularly advantageous in this respect if the marked change of the digitized image occurs by an evaluation reacting to a change of the colour or frequency of the light which is emitted at the soldering position by the heating and is recbived by the video camera. In this way it is possible in a relatively simple manner to provide --a particularly f ine control which is adapted precisely to the process. During the soldering process the soldering position or the soldering flame comprises, depending on the conditions within the heated areas, finely graded changes in f requency and thus changes in the colour of the emitted 1 ight .
A further advantage arises in respect of the earliest po~sible reaction to changes in the solderlng area when the evaluation reacts to the changes in the colour or the f requency of the light which is emitted at the soldering ~~
position by the heating of the elements present in the flux additament and is received via the video camera.
As the flux additament is the low-melting element, an inf luence of the soldering process can occur below the critical temperatures by monitoring it or, in particular, by the emitted colours or light frequencies which arise ~=
during the heating or also the combustion of its elements.
.-- 4 2180637 Thus the melting process begins at approx. 575C in one of the known 1ux additaments. In the molten condition the f lux additament reaches its highest activity and efficiency, so that an lnfluencing perlod of approx. 2 secs is necessary before a further heating to approx.
630C also allows the solder to melt and finally initiates the connection.
The important and relevant aspect is that aluminium per se does not melt, because in this case the soldering would change into a welding wlth the disadvantages that this would entail.
In this respect it i~ particularly advantageous if already at the beginning of the melting of the flux additament it is possible to influence the parameters controlling the process, prevent any overheating and thus control the influencing period. This usually occurs through a change in the quantity of the gas supply. Any other form of influence, e.g. by changing the distance between the flame and the soldering position or by a change of the gas composition, is ~Llso possible.
The method in accordance with the invention is particularly suitable for producing a soldered connection between mutually inserted aluminium pipes. In this respect the additional material is inserted in form of a ring of solder on the one end of the pipe, which usually will be the inner one, and sits on the outer pipe end.
The method in accordance with the invention provides substantial advantages in the production of evaporators for =-~
ref rigerators whose connecting nozzles have to be connected to the lines of the refrigerant circulation by soldered connections . Faulty soldered connections f requently lead to the fact that the respective evaporator has to be removed from the production line and then scrapped.
An installation for carrying out the method in accordance ~=-with the invention comprises holding apparatuses for the overlapped holding of aluminium parts to be joined together and at least one heat source which faces the overlapped area and can be switched on and of f via an actuating - -apparatus, and is characterized by - a sensor which operates contactless and faces the zone of the vlsible rim of the soldering gap and the deposited additional material, - an electronic control device to which the sensor and the actuating apparatus are connected, with the control device being arranged in such a way as to store the characteristics of a f irst sequence of pulses of the sensor, to compare a further sequence of pulses of the sensor with the stored sequence of pulses and to emit an actuating 3ignal of the actuating apparatus if a further sequence of pulses substantially deviates from a first sequence of pulses.
In this respect it is not necessary to store the entirety of all pulses of a sequence of pulses, but via respective processing-programs the typical features for the presence of the deposit of additional welding material are worked --out, with the disappearance of such typical f eatures being used for t~e initiation of the actuating pulses.
The invention is now explained in closer detail by reference to the enclosed drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows an installation for soldering two plates made f rom aluminiun;
Fig. 2 shows an installation for soldering a pipe with a -blank;
Fig. 3 shows a time-temperature diagram describing the soldering process.
The same parts are provided in the figures with the same ref erence numerals .
Pursuant to f ig . 1, a solder 3 is deposited at the visible gap of two mutually overlapping plates 1, 2. The solder is molten by means o~ a burner ~. A sensor 5 monitors the melting process of the solder 3. As soon as the sensor has penetrated, it initiates a control pulse in the control unit 6 which actuatues the gas governor 7, which interrupts the gas supply to the burner ~.
With the installation pursuant to fig. 2 a pipe la is soldered to a blank 8 via a socket end 2a, which is attached thereto, by means of a solder 3 placed in an annular way at the visible gap between the pipe la and the socket end 2a in the same manner, here by means of two burners ~, but in all other respects as in the embodiment pursuant to f ig . 1.
The diagram in f ig . 3 shows the soldering pro-cess with the process control in accordance with the invention in a temperature curve applied over the process time. The time is clearly recognizable at which the flux additament melts, and the inf luencing period which f ollows this and is accompanied by a slight increase in the temperature. Only at the end of the influencing period is the temperature further increased by the supply of energy, whereupon the solder melts and ~oins the two parts. At a maximum temperature of 628C the temperature drops by switching off the flame after a soldering per$od of 9 . 5 secs .
T~e time curve shows clearly that the time of the beginning melt of the flux additament which is determined by the colour cha~ge gives sufficient time to carry out controls ~ 2180637 and to set the energy ~upply in such a way that an overheatin~ is securely prevented.
It i8 the object of the present invention to automate the soldering process of this kind by avoiding the afol~.r~n~innPtl deficiencies with the objective of achieving high operational security, which shall include that any possible, even only transient changes in the intensity of the heating should be manageable.
It is therefore proposed in accordance with the invention that an area of the visible rim of the soldering gap and of the deposited additional material and f lux additament is scanned rnntinlln11cly and contact-free via a sensor during ~---the heating and that the heating is influenced as soon as a ~:~
control pulse initiated by the sensor has detected the melting off of the additional material or the flux additament .
In an embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention it is provided that the relief of the area is scanned via a laser as sensor and the heating is ended as soon as the laser has regi~tered a prede~-r-n~n~ change of :-the relief.
An alternative thereto provides on the other hand that the area is scanned by a video camera as sensor, the detected image is digitized and the heating is influenced as ~oon as a signif icant change in the digitized image has occurred as a result o the melting off of the additional material or of the flux additament.
This leads to the advantage that already the low-melting flux addltament, which is required for the opening up of the oxidation surface and thus for rlF~Anin~ the parts to be joined, is monitored and any changes thereof lead to an early control intervention.
.
It is particularly advantageous in this respect if the marked change of the digitized image occurs by an evaluation reacting to a change of the colour or frequency of the light which is emitted at the soldering position by the heating and is recbived by the video camera. In this way it is possible in a relatively simple manner to provide --a particularly f ine control which is adapted precisely to the process. During the soldering process the soldering position or the soldering flame comprises, depending on the conditions within the heated areas, finely graded changes in f requency and thus changes in the colour of the emitted 1 ight .
A further advantage arises in respect of the earliest po~sible reaction to changes in the solderlng area when the evaluation reacts to the changes in the colour or the f requency of the light which is emitted at the soldering ~~
position by the heating of the elements present in the flux additament and is received via the video camera.
As the flux additament is the low-melting element, an inf luence of the soldering process can occur below the critical temperatures by monitoring it or, in particular, by the emitted colours or light frequencies which arise ~=
during the heating or also the combustion of its elements.
.-- 4 2180637 Thus the melting process begins at approx. 575C in one of the known 1ux additaments. In the molten condition the f lux additament reaches its highest activity and efficiency, so that an lnfluencing perlod of approx. 2 secs is necessary before a further heating to approx.
630C also allows the solder to melt and finally initiates the connection.
The important and relevant aspect is that aluminium per se does not melt, because in this case the soldering would change into a welding wlth the disadvantages that this would entail.
In this respect it i~ particularly advantageous if already at the beginning of the melting of the flux additament it is possible to influence the parameters controlling the process, prevent any overheating and thus control the influencing period. This usually occurs through a change in the quantity of the gas supply. Any other form of influence, e.g. by changing the distance between the flame and the soldering position or by a change of the gas composition, is ~Llso possible.
The method in accordance with the invention is particularly suitable for producing a soldered connection between mutually inserted aluminium pipes. In this respect the additional material is inserted in form of a ring of solder on the one end of the pipe, which usually will be the inner one, and sits on the outer pipe end.
The method in accordance with the invention provides substantial advantages in the production of evaporators for =-~
ref rigerators whose connecting nozzles have to be connected to the lines of the refrigerant circulation by soldered connections . Faulty soldered connections f requently lead to the fact that the respective evaporator has to be removed from the production line and then scrapped.
An installation for carrying out the method in accordance ~=-with the invention comprises holding apparatuses for the overlapped holding of aluminium parts to be joined together and at least one heat source which faces the overlapped area and can be switched on and of f via an actuating - -apparatus, and is characterized by - a sensor which operates contactless and faces the zone of the vlsible rim of the soldering gap and the deposited additional material, - an electronic control device to which the sensor and the actuating apparatus are connected, with the control device being arranged in such a way as to store the characteristics of a f irst sequence of pulses of the sensor, to compare a further sequence of pulses of the sensor with the stored sequence of pulses and to emit an actuating 3ignal of the actuating apparatus if a further sequence of pulses substantially deviates from a first sequence of pulses.
In this respect it is not necessary to store the entirety of all pulses of a sequence of pulses, but via respective processing-programs the typical features for the presence of the deposit of additional welding material are worked --out, with the disappearance of such typical f eatures being used for t~e initiation of the actuating pulses.
The invention is now explained in closer detail by reference to the enclosed drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows an installation for soldering two plates made f rom aluminiun;
Fig. 2 shows an installation for soldering a pipe with a -blank;
Fig. 3 shows a time-temperature diagram describing the soldering process.
The same parts are provided in the figures with the same ref erence numerals .
Pursuant to f ig . 1, a solder 3 is deposited at the visible gap of two mutually overlapping plates 1, 2. The solder is molten by means o~ a burner ~. A sensor 5 monitors the melting process of the solder 3. As soon as the sensor has penetrated, it initiates a control pulse in the control unit 6 which actuatues the gas governor 7, which interrupts the gas supply to the burner ~.
With the installation pursuant to fig. 2 a pipe la is soldered to a blank 8 via a socket end 2a, which is attached thereto, by means of a solder 3 placed in an annular way at the visible gap between the pipe la and the socket end 2a in the same manner, here by means of two burners ~, but in all other respects as in the embodiment pursuant to f ig . 1.
The diagram in f ig . 3 shows the soldering pro-cess with the process control in accordance with the invention in a temperature curve applied over the process time. The time is clearly recognizable at which the flux additament melts, and the inf luencing period which f ollows this and is accompanied by a slight increase in the temperature. Only at the end of the influencing period is the temperature further increased by the supply of energy, whereupon the solder melts and ~oins the two parts. At a maximum temperature of 628C the temperature drops by switching off the flame after a soldering per$od of 9 . 5 secs .
T~e time curve shows clearly that the time of the beginning melt of the flux additament which is determined by the colour cha~ge gives sufficient time to carry out controls ~ 2180637 and to set the energy ~upply in such a way that an overheatin~ is securely prevented.
Claims (4)
1. A method for joining mutually overlapping aluminium parts, which mutually form between them a soldering gap, by soldering with a solder as additional material which is suitable for an A1/A1 soldering and a flux additament, with the respective additional material and flux additament being deposited close to the soldering gap, and thereafter the aluminium parts are heated so long until the additional material is molten and has crept into the soldering gap, whereupon the heating is ended, with a zone of the visible rim of the soldering gap and the deposited additional material and flux additament being scanned continuously and in a contactless manner during the heating via a videocamera as sensor and the detected image being digitized, characterized in that the heating is influenced as soon as as a result of the melting off of the flux additament there occurs a marked change in the evaluation of the digitized image reacting to the change of the colour or the frequency of the light which is emitted through the elements present in the flux additament by the heating and is received by the videocamera.
2. An application of the method as claimed in claim 1 for producing a soldered connection between aluminium pipes which are inserted into each other, with the additional material being applied on to the one pipe end in form of a solder ring.
3. An application of the method as claimed in one of the claims 1 or 2 under inclusion of evaporators of refrigerators in the coolant circulation for the purpose of claim 2.
4. An installation for carrying out the method as claimed in claim 1 with fixing apparatuses for the overlapped fixing of the aluminium parts to be joined and with at least one heat source which faces the overlapped area and can be switched on and off by means of an actuator, characterized by - a contactless operating sensor facing the zone of the visible rim of the soldering gap and the desposited additional material, - an electronic control device to which the sensor and the actuator are connected, with the control device being designed for storing the characteristics of a first sequence of pulses of the sensor, for comparing a further sequence of pulses of the sensor with the stored sequence of pulses and for issuing an actuating signal to the actuator when the further sequence of pulses deviates from the first sequence of pulses.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4400333 | 1994-01-07 | ||
| DEP4400333.1 | 1994-01-07 | ||
| DEP4435676.5 | 1994-10-06 | ||
| DE4435676A DE4435676A1 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-10-06 | Process and plant for connecting aluminum parts by soldering, application of the process and plant for implementation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2180637A1 true CA2180637A1 (en) | 1995-07-13 |
Family
ID=25932895
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002180637A Abandoned CA2180637A1 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-01-04 | Process and plant for joining aluminium parts by soldering, uses of the process and plant for implementing the process |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0738195B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09510663A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1145045A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE156401T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9506464A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2180637A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT73828A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995018695A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5731106B2 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2015-06-10 | 株式会社Uacj | Method for joining pipe materials, and heat exchanger for joining pipe materials and fin materials joined by the joining method |
| WO2012067752A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Carrier Corporation | Method of and system for brazing aluminum workpieces using a flame and monitoring of the flame color |
| CN104501984B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2018-04-27 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of soldering thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus and temp measuring method |
| CN106077862B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2018-04-24 | 温州职业技术学院 | A kind of laser welding-brazing method of extrusion forming |
| CN108480812B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2024-04-30 | 曹银生 | Welding process of pipeline induction brazing device |
| WO2021193858A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Automatic torch brazing device for copper member and automatic torch brazing method for copper member |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2317994A2 (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1977-02-11 | Gen Electric | Fluxless brazing of tubes without removing oxide film - by pretinning, connecting and applying heat and pressure |
| FR2579501B1 (en) * | 1985-03-30 | 1990-03-02 | Neitz Heinrich Verwaltung | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR BRAZING ALUMINUM PARTS |
| EP0209650A3 (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1989-07-05 | Vanzetti Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for placing and electrically connecting components on a printed circuit board |
| JPH03128168A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1991-05-31 | Showa Alum Corp | Method for brazing metallic material |
-
1995
- 1995-01-04 HU HU9601396A patent/HUT73828A/en unknown
- 1995-01-04 JP JP7518307A patent/JPH09510663A/en active Pending
- 1995-01-04 EP EP95906290A patent/EP0738195B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-04 WO PCT/EP1995/000015 patent/WO1995018695A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-01-04 BR BR9506464A patent/BR9506464A/en unknown
- 1995-01-04 AT AT95906290T patent/ATE156401T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-01-04 CA CA002180637A patent/CA2180637A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-01-04 CN CN95191508A patent/CN1145045A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9506464A (en) | 1997-10-07 |
| EP0738195A1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
| WO1995018695A1 (en) | 1995-07-13 |
| JPH09510663A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
| EP0738195B1 (en) | 1997-08-06 |
| HUT73828A (en) | 1996-09-30 |
| CN1145045A (en) | 1997-03-12 |
| HU9601396D0 (en) | 1996-07-29 |
| ATE156401T1 (en) | 1997-08-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |