CA2178311C - Process for manufacturing products made of a fibre-reinforced composite material - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing products made of a fibre-reinforced composite material

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Publication number
CA2178311C
CA2178311C CA002178311A CA2178311A CA2178311C CA 2178311 C CA2178311 C CA 2178311C CA 002178311 A CA002178311 A CA 002178311A CA 2178311 A CA2178311 A CA 2178311A CA 2178311 C CA2178311 C CA 2178311C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
reinforcing material
matrix material
layer
fabric
reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA002178311A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2178311A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Wagner
Willy De Meyer
Marc Van Hoey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Milliken Europe NV
Original Assignee
Milliken Europe NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Milliken Europe NV filed Critical Milliken Europe NV
Publication of CA2178311A1 publication Critical patent/CA2178311A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2178311C publication Critical patent/CA2178311C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

In a process that is particularly suitable for producing pipes or hoses, the reinforcing material and the matrix material are no longer produced separately but together in a woven, knitted, braided or non-woven fabric. The matrix material is selected so that its melting temperature is lower than the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material. The end product is obtained by pultruding the fabricated material, generally designated as textile fabrics, at a temperature above the melting temperature of the matrix material and below the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material. The product is then cooled to stabilise its final shape.

Description

Code: 360-97046 PROCESS FOR THE MANUF31~CTURE OF A PRObtICT MADE OF A
FIHER-REINFORCED C0~1PQSITE MATFRIAx.
The 5ub~sct matter of this invention conceraa a process for the manufacxure of a product, especially of a pipe or hose, made of a fiber-reinforced composite material.
A num~aer of processes for the manufacture of products made of fiber-reinforced composite materials axe known. In the hard lay-up Process, the final product is manufactured by manually positioning resin and glass-fiber mats or glass-fiber fabrics in a woodeno synthetic, or metal mold. Due to the high manual 7,abor cost. this process is generally 9uitabie only for the production of single parts. or a small number of pieces. The only smooth surface of the final products that are manufactuxQd by means of the hand lay-up process is the surface that faces the mold.
Rotationally syauaetrical molded grticles, such as pipes end containers, are frequeatly produced by means of filament process.
In this process, a winding machine is used to rind textile glass mats, fabrics or rovings and resin around a metal mandrel. Again. , this process produces an optimally s~eooth surface only on the inside surfaces of the wound components. This filament winding process is also labor-intensive, which means that the cast of producing the finished products is high.
For large lots, hot press molding of prepregs (SMC~ or compression ~aolding materials IHMC) is known. Ia this process.
coating blanks of thickened mixtures of resin, glass. and fillers axe positioned in heated surface-haxdened steel a~olds~ and cured at an elevated temperature (approximately 1~0'C-1SG°C) under pressure. Due to the batchwise operation. hot press molding entails relatively high labor costs.
To produce large-area components made of a fiber-reinforced composite material, the in~ectioh process can be used. Zn this process, the precisely cut-to-size reinforcing material is po3itioaed in a mold, the upper surface of which S.s covered by a countermold. The mold that contains the reinforcing material is subsequently evacuated: next, resin is introduced, in most cases to the deepest point of the mold, and sucked through the :aminate up to the riZa. Rgain, this process is carried out in batches and entails relatively high labor costs.
A continuous process that can be suitably used for the production of fiber-reinforced Synthetics is the so-called pultrusioii process. In pultrusion. the reinforcing material that is saturated with teals is continuously pulled through a heated die with the desiz~ed sectional shape, which di~ sets the final ahage of and cures the product. ThiB process, however, has a number of drawbacks: The matrix material, in most cases a resin, must be liquid so that the reinforcing material can be~saturated with it. Thus, the selection of the matrix material is restricted to certain l,iquefiable resins. As a rule, the resins that are used as the matrix ~aateria3 are liquefied with a solvent that is ze.leased during the curing process and which is detrimtntal to the enviror~reat, F~rthetmore, the application of the matrix material. which takes place by saturating the reinforcing material with the matrix material, leads to a aonhomogenecus distribution on the reinforcing ~aaterial, as a resu7.t of ~rh~.ch the properties of the final product waxy. The speed of the pultrusion process is limited by the ability of the matrix material to penetrate the reinforcing m,~terial and by the viscosity of the matrix ~aaterial. In addition, the pu~.trusion rate is limited by the forces that are exerted on the matrix material during the heating and molding process since excessively high tensile forces would destroy the structure of the reinforcing material and of the matxix material.
In all procesaos mentioned above, a theratally curable material, in most cases a synthetic resin, is u$ed as the ~aatrix material.
To process glass-fiber reinforced thermoplastics, the well-known fn~ecti.an molding process can be used. The starting material is a granular material with enclosed short glass fibers.
The granules are dissolved by heat cad an extruder is used to press the material into the injectf.on mold desired. This process is unsuitabze for coa~,posite materials in which the reinforcing material used is a woven or knitted fabric, a scrim, a plaited fabric, a nonwovea or a similar fabric cf this type.
Thus, the problem to be solved by this invention is to develop s process for th~ manufacture of a product made of a fiber-reinforced coiaposite material which can be carritd out faster and thus more economically than previously employed processesr which meets pore stringent environmental control regulations, and which allows the manufacture of a wide variety of products. Ia particular, the goal is to develop a process far the production o! pipes yr hoses made of a fiber-reinforced composite material.

Aocordirig to this invention, this problem i9 Solved by a process that has the Characteristics of Claim 1. Useful embodiments and Further developments of the process according to this invention are chaxaeterized in the subordinate claims.
=n contrast to the well-known processes in which the reinforcing material is a woven or knittsrd fabric, a scri.ra, a plaited fabric, a nonwoven yr a similax fabric of this type, the matrix material used in th~ process according tv this invention is not a thermosetting material but a thermoplastic material. In the process according this invention, the solvents so fat required to liquefy the matrix material need not be us$d and require ao substitutes. Instead, the matrix material, s~hich tray be a thermoplastic polymer mater3sl or another rnateriaZ that melts above a certain temperature, is pravided in solid form in the woven or knitted fabric, the strife, the plaited fabric, or the nonwoven jfdbricl of the reinforcing mator~,al. This can be achieved, fox example, by weaving, plaiting, knitting or otherwSse combir~ir~g the matrix material in the form of fibers, filaments or yarns with fibers, filaments or yarns of the reinforcing material. In addition, to produce the woven or knitted fabric, the scrim, the plaited or a similar fabai.c, it is also possible to use a yarn that contains the reinforcing material as well as the matrix material. Special advantages can be attained by using a yarn that consists of a core of-reinforcing material that is wrapped with or coeooned in~the matrix material. The only important corraidexation is to ensuxe that the melting temperature of the roinforcxaq ma,teriai is above the melting tex~pgrature of the matxiX material. Thus, according to this invention, the reinforcing material in cotubination with the matrix material is made available in a form known by the generic term of "textile fabrics".
The woven or knitted material, the scrim, the plaited fabric, the nonwoven, or a similar material of this type can be further processed by pultrusion without any pretreatment as long as the temperature in the pultrusion step is above the melting temperature of the matrix material and below the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material. The temperature in the pultrusion step is preferably markedly lower than the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material.
After conclusion of the pultrusion step, the product that has been formed. to the desired shape is cooled to set its shape. The final product consists of a closed matrix that contains the reinforcing material.
Prior to cooling the product that was obtained by pultrusion, it is still possible to influence its shape.
If, for example, fiber-reinforced profiles are produced by pultrusion, they can e.g. be bent, as desired, and their shape can be set by subsequent cooling.
The process according to this invention has a number of advantages.
Matrix materials to be used include all materials with a melting temperature that is lower than the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material used. The matrix material as well as the reinforcing material may consist of several components. Since the matrix material and the reinforcing material together are made available in the form as claimed in this invention, a uniform and homogeneous distribution of the matrix material in the final product is ensure. Since there is no need for the reinforcing material to be saturated with a matrix material, thus altogether obviating a processing step, only the heat absorption capacity of the woven or knitted, the scrim, the plaited fabric, the nonwoven or a similar fabric of this type limits the pultrusion rate, which makes it possible to increase the conventional pultrusion rate of approximately 0.5 to 1.5 m/min so far used to a three to five times higher value.
The process according to this invention can be usefully extended by applying an additional layer of a desired material by means of an extrusion step to one or both surfaces of the pultruded product. Preferably, this material is a thermoplastic material. In this manner, it is possible to produce, for example, hoses or pipes in which the inside and./or outside is covered by an additional layer of a thermoplastic material.
Furthermore, it is also possible to use an extrusion step during which a layer of a filling material, e.g., a layer of sand, is applied onto the pultruded product, which layer of filling material can be subsequently covered with a layer of thermoplastic material. This allows an extremely economical manufacture, for example, of fabric-reinforced radiator hoses for automotive vehicles, which have a very smooth outer surface and thus satisfies stringent requirements. Also, the first pultrusion step can be followed by a second pultrusion step.
The process according to this invention also makes it possible to produce heavy-duty pipes or hoses by applying another layer of reinforcing material onto the outer surface of a pipe or hose that has been pultruded as described by this invention by plaiting, knitting or winding this material around the pipes or hoses, which layer can be subsequently covered in an extrusion step by a layer of thermoplastic material. this second layer of reinforcing makerial can bs suitably pretreated prior to tho extrusion step. for example, by wetting it ar by dipping it into a liquid for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the layers, The se3.ection of suitable materials i.s not limited to polymer materials but may include metals, such as Zead or copper.
which, depending on the melting temperature of the other co~aponent that is contained in the woven or knitted fabric, the scrim, the plaited fabric, the nonwoven or a similar fabric of this type according to this invention, can he used either as the reintarcing material or as the matrix material. -.
Below, a number of examples are offered which show that using the process according tc this invention, it is possible to produce superior products.
E~P~
DVater pipe for the nt~odexSte temperature range Matrix material: PVC (melting temperature 50°C to 1l.0°C) Reinforcing material: Glass (melting temperature 825°C) _ g _ Example 2 Water pipe for the l.ow temperature range Matrix material: Polypropylene (melting temperature 160°C) Reinforcing material.: Polyethylene terephthalate (melting temperature 256°C) Example 3 Water pipe for moderate temperatures and high pressure Matrix material: Polyethylene terephthalate (melting temperature 256°C) Reinforcing material: Aramide (decomposition temperature 500°C) Example 4 Profile as a construction element Matrix material: Polyethylene terephthalate (melting temperature 256°C) Reinforcing material: Glass (melting temperature 825°C) Example 5 Material as a protection against X-rays Matrix material: Lead (melting temperature 327°C) Reinforcing material: Glass (melting temperature 825°C) Example 6 Hose with improved L~ursting resistance Matrix material: Polyethylene terephthalate/
polyamide-66 copolyer (melting point approximately 260°C) Reinforcing material: Glass/aramide (melting point 825°C
and 500°C, respectively) Example 7 Cable with special sheathing First, a woven or knitted fabric, a scrim, a plaited fabric, a nonwoven or similar fabric of this type according to this invention is wound or positioned around a cable and subsequently pultruded with the cable. In this manner, it is possible to enclose electrical cables in a made-to-measure sheathing.

Claims (12)

Claims
1. Method for the production of heavy duty tubes or hoses of a fiber-reinforced compound material with the steps:
- preparation of a fabric, knit, nonwoven scrim, plait, hosiery, or nonwoven fabric of a reinforcing material and a matrix material whose melting temperature is lower than that of the reinforcing material, pultrusion of the fabric, knit, nonwoven scrim, plait, hosiery, or nonwoven fabric through a mold corresponding to the desired end product at a temperature above the melting temperature of the matrix material and below the melting or decomposition temperature of the reinforcing material, - cooling of the tube or hose obtained, - application of another layer of reinforcing material to the outer surface of the tube or hose by plaiting, knitting, or wrapping, and - covering of the additional layer of reinforcing material, applied previously, with a layer of thermoplastic material by means of extrusion.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pultruded product is provided, in an extrusion step, unilaterally or bilaterally with a layer of thermoplastic material.
3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a layer of filler is applied to the pultruded product in an extrusion step, and then in a further extrusion step, the layer of filler is covered with a layer of thermoplastic material.
4. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fabric, knit, nonwoven scrim, plait, hosiery, or nonwoven fabric which has been prepared, is wrapped or laid around a cable and then is pultruded with the cable.
5. Method according to one of the prior claims, characterized in that the reinforcing material and/or the matrix material has several components.
6. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is glass and the matrix material is polyvinyl chloride.
7. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is polyethylene terephthalate and the matrix material is polypropylene.
8. Method according to one of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is aramide and the matrix material is polyethylene terephthalate.
9. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is glass and the matrix material is polyethylene terephthalate.
10. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is glass and the matrix material is lead.
11. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material is a mixture of glass anci aramide and the matrix material is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate and Polyamide 66 copolymer.
12. Tube or hose, characterized in that it has been produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 11.
CA002178311A 1993-12-06 1994-12-02 Process for manufacturing products made of a fibre-reinforced composite material Expired - Lifetime CA2178311C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4341521.0 1993-12-06
DE4341521A DE4341521A1 (en) 1993-12-06 1993-12-06 Process for the manufacture of a product from a fiber-reinforced composite material
PCT/EP1994/004022 WO1995015844A1 (en) 1993-12-06 1994-12-02 Process for manufacturing products made of a fibre-reinforced composite material

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CA2178311A1 CA2178311A1 (en) 1995-06-15
CA2178311C true CA2178311C (en) 2001-01-30

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DE (2) DE4341521A1 (en)
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US6395210B1 (en) 1999-05-12 2002-05-28 A&P Technology, Inc. Pultrusion method and device for forming composites using pre-consolidated braids
DE10127076A1 (en) * 2001-06-02 2003-03-06 Hartmut Ortlieb Woven or knitted fabric or yarn arrangement consists of plastic-coated threads or yarns useful for special containers or bags
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DE59408773D1 (en) 1999-10-28
DE4341521A1 (en) 1995-06-08
AU1311695A (en) 1995-06-27
CA2178311A1 (en) 1995-06-15
EP0766619B1 (en) 1999-09-22
ATE184836T1 (en) 1999-10-15
ES2136829T3 (en) 1999-12-01
US5759323A (en) 1998-06-02
BR9408276A (en) 1996-12-17
EP0766619A1 (en) 1997-04-09
AU687964B2 (en) 1998-03-05
WO1995015844A1 (en) 1995-06-15
DK0766619T3 (en) 2000-04-10
GR3031794T3 (en) 2000-02-29

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