CA2172004A1 - Water-soluble polycondensation products based on amino-s-triazines and the use thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble polycondensation products based on amino-s-triazines and the use thereofInfo
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- CA2172004A1 CA2172004A1 CA002172004A CA2172004A CA2172004A1 CA 2172004 A1 CA2172004 A1 CA 2172004A1 CA 002172004 A CA002172004 A CA 002172004A CA 2172004 A CA2172004 A CA 2172004A CA 2172004 A1 CA2172004 A1 CA 2172004A1
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- triazine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/40—Chemically modified polycondensates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/20—Sulfonated aromatic compounds
- C04B24/22—Condensation or polymerisation products thereof
- C04B24/223—Sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde condensation products
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is concerned with water-soluble polycondensation products based on amino-s-triazines with at least two amino groups and form-aldehyde, as well as with the use thereof as additives for aqueous binding agent suspensions.
Description
217200~
Description The present invention is concerned with water-soluble pol~condensation products ba~ed on amino-s-triazine~ with at least two amino groups and form-aldeh~de, as well as the use thereof as additivesfor aqueous binding agent suspension~.
In concrete construction, as well as in the fields of building protection and building renewal, the proce~sing of h~drsulic bindin~ agents, for example Portland cement, blast fur~ce slag cement, trass and flg ash cement, as well as anhgdrite and g~psum and the like, in highlg concentrated aqueous suspensions with inorganic components, 2uch as ~and, gravel, crushed rock and stone dust, pla~s an important part.
From DE-PS 16 71 017, it is known to produce cement-containing building material mixtures with the addition of water-soluble sulphonic acid ~roup-containing melamine-formaldeh~de polycondensation products in order to ncrease their working propertie~, especiallg their flowabilit~, in the case of a given water/cement ratio or to improve the mechanical prop-erties of the hardened constructional material bg reducing the amount of water added. Additives based on naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldeh~de pol~condensation products are described, for example in EP-A-0 214 412.
A gene~aI disadvsntage of these additives, xeferred to as super plasticizers o_ watex-reducing 2 17 2~0 il agents, is the decrease of the flowability of correspondin~lg produced building material mixtures in a relativelg short space of time. ~he need for processing agents for building materials which, in the case of maintenance of the positivo propertie~ of conventional flow agent~, such 8S high earlg strength and small air introduction, can soIve the problem of the short maintenance of the flowability, is, consequently, great.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to make available new additives for agueous binding agent suspensions which do not displa~ the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art but rather can maintain the flowabilit~ of the correspondingl~
produced building material mixtures over a practically sufficientlg long period of time without retarding the setting and hardening process and, due to the low degree of air introduction, do not cause ang disad-vantages in the case of the mechanical properties of the hardened building material.
According to the present i~vention, this object is achieved by water-soluble polgcondensation products based on amino-s-triazines with at least two amino groups, formaldehgde and sulphite in the mol ratio of 1:0,5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5 which is produced bg conden~ing in aqueous solution at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and 8 t a temper~ture of ~0 to 90C until the 217200~
~ulp~hite is no longer detectable and, toward~ the end of the pre-conden~ation, per mol of amino-~-triazine used, there ie added thereto 0.01 to ~0 mol of a polgoxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:-X - (CH.- CH2 ~ )n ~ R2 Rl. (I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-C0-NH2, -0-C0-NH2 or -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, Rl is a hgdrogen atom or an aliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hgdrogen atom or an aliphatic hgdro-carbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cyclo-aliphatic radical with 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an optionall~ substituted aromatic h~drocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or Rl 15 wherein R~ is an aliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 2 to 18 csrbon atoms, a cyc~oaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic h~dro-carbon radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hgdroCarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon stoms, Z is -NH2, -NH-C0-NH2 and n ie a number from 1 to-100 and/or a ~ an aldeh~de-acid derivative of the general formula:-H - C0 - R4 (II) wherein ~4 is COOH or a phenyl radical with -COO~, -S03H or -P03H2 or the mono- or divalent salts thereof is first allowed to react with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0 01 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of-4.5 to 6.5 and at a temperature of 20 to 90C and subsequentl~ with formaldeh~de in an amount of 0 5 to 5.0 mol per mol of amino-s-tria%ine, optionall~ with the addition of sulphite and/or a pol~oxgalk~lene derivative at a pH
value of 9.0 to 12.0 and st a temperature of 40 to goC and b) subsequent to step al) or a2), furthe~r condensation is carried out at a pH value of 3,0 to 7.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90C until the visco~it~ of the ~olution at 20C and a solids content of 20~ bg weight has a value of 2 to 10 cS~.
Surprisinglg, it has been shown that the pol~-condensation product according to the present invention poEsesses a dispersing action which iæ at least just as good aæ the sulphonated mela~ine-formaldehyde resins according to the prior art~, whereby the flowabilit~
of constructional material mixturesappropriatel~
produced with the help of the polgcondensation products according to the present invention can be maintained for a comparativel~ long period of time.. ~urthermore, in spite of the dela~ed stiffening of the building material mixture,no negative effects are ob~erved in - 217~G4 the setting and hardening process and no losses in the case of the mechanical properties of the h~drated constructional body caused b~ incorporated macro air pores.
~ further subject of the present invention is a process for the production of the polgcondensation products accordin~ to the present invention. This production process is carried out in two condensation steps 8) and b). ~'he first condensation step a), namely the pre-condensation, can hereby take place in two different wags.
Accordin~ to a first alternstive embodiment (condensation step al), amino-s-triazine, formaldeh~de ~nd sulphite ,are condensed in a mol ratio of 1:0.5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5 in aqueous solution at a pH value of 9.0 to 12~0 at atemperature of 40 to 90C until the sulphite is no longer detectable. Melamine is prefer-abl~ used as amino-s-triazine with at least two NH2 groups. The use of monosubstituted amino-s-triazines, such ~sbenzo- or acetoguanamine, is also possible.
In general, within the scope of the present invention, up to 50 mol ~ of the amino-s-triazine can be replaced b~ other aminoplsst formers, in which, for example, urea, thiourea, dic~andismide or guanidine (salts) can be used.
As aldehgde, formaldeh~de is preferablg used in the form of a ~0~ or even higher percentage aqueous formalin solution or also as paraformsldeh<yde.
For the modification of the polgcondensation ~ products according to the present invention into water-soluble or water-compatible form, use is made of conventional sulphite derivatives, for example alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulphites, as well as the hgdro~en and pyrosulphites thereof.
For this embodiment of the present invention~ it is important that, towards the end of the precondens-ation al), per mol of amino-s-triazine used, there is added O.OI to 1.0 mol and~speciall~ 0 05 to 0.5 mol of a pol~oxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:-X - (CH - CH2 ~ )n ~ R2 (I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2, -0-CO-NH2 or -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, Rl is a h~drogen atom Dr an aliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hgdrogen atom, an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cgclo-aliphatic radical with 5 to 8 csrbon atoms or an optionallg substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms, as well as -CH2 - C~:- X
Rl R3 is an aliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cgcloaliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic hgdrocarbon 2172û0~
radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon atoms, Z is -NH2 or -NH-C0-NH2 and n is 1 to 100.
As mono- or difunctional polgoxgalkylene gl~col-amines (X = -NH2), ureides (X = -NH-CO-NH2) or carbamates (X = -0-C0-NH2), there are preferablg used the corresponding ethglene- or propylene oxide compounds.
The aliphatic hgdrocarbon radicals Rl and R2 can herebg be straight-chained or branched or al~o un~aturated.
10. As aromatic hydrocarbon radicals,there are herebg pre-ferablg u~ed phenyl or naphthyl radi;cals. In the case of R being phengl, the phengl radical can also contain substituents, in which case Cl - C20-alkgl radicals, as well 8s h~drox~l or sulphonic acid groups, are preferred.
In the caEe of polgoxgalkglene derivatives in which X is -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, R3 is an aliphatic hgdro-carbon radical with 2 to 18 and preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, a cgclo~liphatic h~drocarbon radical with 4 to 15 and preferablg 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic hgdrocarbon radical with 6 to 15 and preferablg 6 to 13 carbon atoms or an araliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 8 to 15 and preferablg 8 to 13 carbon atoms and Z is -NH2 or -NH-CO-NH2. The production of the correspondin~
derivatives take~ place bg a two-~tep reaction of a bifunctional isocganate component R3(NCo)2 in a first reaction step with sn equivalent of polgalk~leneglgcol to give an NC0-terminated polgurethane prepolgmer and - ~172004 ubsequent reaction w~th ammonia or urea to give the corresponding urea or biuret derivative.
As isocyanate component R~NC0)2, there are preferably used the technicall~ easilg obtainable aromatic diisoc~anates, for example 2,4- or 2,6-toluenediisocyanate (~DI), as well as any desired mixture of these i~omers, 1,5-naphthalene diiso-c~anate (NDI), aliphatic diiocyanate, for example 1,6-diisoc~anatohexane (HDI), c~cloaliphatic diiso-cganates, for example 2,4- and 4,4-diisoc~anato-dicgclohexglmethane (Desmodur W) and ~-(isocganato-methgl)-3,5,5-trimethylc~clohexgliocganate (IPDI), a well as araliphatic diioc~anates, for example 1,3-bi-(1-isoc~anato-1-meth~lethgl)-benzene (TMXDI).
According to a preferred embodiment, the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde in reaction step al) is adjusted to 1 ~.5 to 3.5 and the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to polyoxyalk~lene derivative so that the sum of ulphite and polgoxyalkylene deriv-ative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amil,o-s-triazine.
According to a econd alternative embodiment, the pre-condenation accordin~ to reaction tep a2) takes place in such a wag that an aldehgde acid derivative of the general formula:-H - CO - R (II) in which R4 is -COOH or a phen~l radical with -COOH, ~17200`~
-S03H or -PO~H2 or mono- or divalent ~alts thereof, is first reacted with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 moland preferabl~ of 0.05 to 1.0 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of 4.5 to 6.5 and a temperature of 20 to 90C and subsequently with formaldehyde in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 moland preferably of 1.5 to 3.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine with the addition of sulphite and possibl~ of a pol~ox~-alkylene derivative at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and a temperature of 40 to 90C.
Preferred aldehyde acid deri~atives include aldeh~de carbox,ylic, sulphonic and phosphonic acids and especially glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxglic acid, benzaldeh,yde sulphonic a~id and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid. As mono- or divalent salts of these aldehyde acid derivatives, there are preferably used the alkali metal salts, for example sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salt~, for example calcium salts, as well as ammonium salts or salts of or~anic amines.
The adjustment of the pH v~lue in reaction steps al) and a2) can take place with the usual alkaline-reacting compounds or salts, especially hydroxidesO
~or reason~ of cost, aqueous sodium h~dr~xide solution is preferably used for the alkaline pH value adjustment.
If, according to reaction tep a2), a pol~oxy-alkylene derivative is also added, then the sum of - ~17201j~
aldeh~de acid derivative, ~ulphite and polyox~alk~lene derivative should preferabl~ amount to 0.5 to 1~5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine. The condensation reaction is carried out in aqueous solution, the total concent-ration of the reaction mixture preferabl~ being soadjusted that the final condensation product is obtained with a solids content of 20 to 50~ bg weight, Subsequent to reaction step al) or a2), the pre-condensate is then further condensed at a pH value of 3.0 to 7,0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90C until the viscosity of the solution at 20C and at a solids content of 20~ bg wei~ht has a value of 2 to 10 cSt.
The acidic pH value in the seco~d reaction step b), which is preferably 4.5 to 6.0, is adjusted with the usual acids or acid-reacting compounds or salts, inorganic mineral acids and especially sulp~uric acid thereby being preferred for reasons of cost. Also preferred are those acids which also contain additional sulphonic acid group~ and these sulphonic acid ~roups csn be introduced into the condensation product, for example sulphaniDic acid and/or amidosulphonic acid, namelg, especially in an amount of up to 0.7 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
The condensation reaction, which is preferablg carried out at a temperature of 50 to 70C, is ended when the viscosity of the aqueous solution at 20C
and a soli~s content of 20~ by weight has a value of `- 217200 ~
2 to 10 cSt. The condensation reaction is cubsequentlg broken off b~ the addition of a basic compound and adjustment of a basic pH value.
If the polycondensation products according to the present invention still have a relatively high content of free formaldehyde, in the scope of the present invention it is also possible to reduce this free formaldehyde content bg a subsequent slkaline treatment at an elevated temperature, for example accordin~ to EP-PS 0 336 165. If necessarg or desired, the polg-condensation products can be converted into solid form by distillative separatin~ off of the water, bg pre-cipitation with an appropriate solvent or by spray drging~
The polycondensation products according to the present invention are ~peciallg suitable as additives for aqueous suspensions based on inorganic binding agents, especiallg cement, lime~ ggpsum, whereby theg are used in an amount of 0.01 to 10~ bg weight and preferably of Ool to 5~ bg weight, referred to the weight of the inorganic binding agent. In comparison with water-soluble aminoplast condensation products according to the prior art, the polgcondensation products according to the present invention impart a substantially longer workabilitg to the corres-pondinglg produced building material mixtures without thereb~ lo~ing the positivetechnical properties of 217200~
use, such as high earl~ strength, insensitivitg ~ith regard to overdosings and low introduction of air.
The following ~xamples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention.
Example 1 In a 1 litre reaction vessel equipped with a thermome-ter, a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a pH
measurement device and a dropping funnel there are placed 350 g (3.50 mol) formalin (30~ aqueous solution) and 290 g ~rater. A pH value of 8.5 is adju~ted with a few drops of 20~ aqueous sodium hgdroxide solution.
While stirring, 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine are there-after introduced into the reaction solution. Subsequentl~
90~5 g (0.475 mol) sodium disulphite, as well as 12. 5 g 15 20-io aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, are added thereto in order to adjust a pH value of 10.5.The internal temperature of the reactor, which has alreadg increased to 5~C, is further increased bg heating to 70C and the reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature for 100 minutes. Thereafter, over a period of time of 30 minutes, 100 g (0.20 mol) methgl polgeth~lene glgcol-amine (avera~e molecular weight 500) in 125 g of water are added thereto and the mixture obtained is stirred for 30 minutes at 70C and a pH value of 11.0~.
With the maintenance of the inner temperature of the reactor of 70C, 67 g of 20~ a~ueous sulp~uric acid are added thereto and condensed at a pH value of 5.10 ~1 720G4 U? to an end visc02ity of 9 cSt (according to Ubbelohde at 70C), which corresponds to a viscosit~
of 6.03 cSt at 20C, meacured on a 20qo b~ ~ight solution.
Subsequently, b~ the addition of 15.3 g of aqueous 50~ sodium h~droxide ~olution with stirring, a pH value of 10 03 i~ adjusted and the reaction mixture is cooled to 25C.
The clear aqueous 201ution obtained of the modified melamine-formaldehyde pol~condensate has a solids content of 34.1~ b~ weight.
Example 2.
A melamine-formaldeh~de-sulphite precondensate produced analogously to Example 1 at 70C from 333 g (3.33 mol) formalin (30'~), 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine, 100 g (0.53 mol) sodium disulphite and 12.5 g 2~
aqueous 20dium hydroxide solution in 290 g water is, after sulphite is no longer detectable, mixed with 50 g (0.10 mol) meth~lpol~eth~lene gl~colamine (average molecular weight 500) in 75 g of water, the pH value thereb~ increasing from 11.13 to 11.23.
Immediatel~ thereafter, 96 ~ of 10~ aqueous sulphuric acid are added thereto, a pH value of 5.33 thereb~ being adjusted. At an internal temperature of the reactor of 70C, cOndensation i~ continued to an end visc02ity of 4.~5 cSt according to Ubbelohde (3.96 cSt at 20C, 20~ b~ weight solution).
217200~
Bg means of the zddition of 24 g of 2G~ aqueous sodium hgdroxide solution, the water-clear solution is adjusted to a pH value of 10~15 and cooled. The aqueous polycondensate solution has a solids content of 32.1~ bg weight.
Example 3.
The procedure,is carried out as described in Example 2 but with the following amounts of chemicals:
350 g (3.50 ~ol formalin (30~) 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine 86 g(0.45 mol) sodium disulphite 20 g aqueou~ sodium hydroxide solution (20~) 180 g water 80 g sulphuric acid (20~) 5 150 g (0.30 mol) methglpolgeth~leneglgcolamine (average molecular weight 500) in 225 g water.
The condensation is carried out at a pH value of 5.23 and, after reaching an Ubbelohde end viscositg of 13 cSt at 70C, ended bg the addition of 18 g of 20, 50% aqueo~ sodium h~droxide solution, The viscosit~
of a 20~ b~ weight solution is 6.47 cSt at 20C.
The water-clear solution has a solids content of 36.9'-~ b~ weight at a pH value of 10.54 at 25C.
Example 4., The reaction described in Example 2 is repeated with the following amounts of chemicals: ' 217200~
350 g (3.50 mol) formalin (30~) 125 g (1 00 mol) melamine 52 g (0.27 mol) sodium disulphite 37 g aqueous sodium h~droxide solution (50~) 260 g water 50 g (0.10 mol) methglpol~eth~lene glgcolamine (average molecular weight 500) in 75 g water.
In contradistinction to the process described in Examples 1 to 3, the precondensate formation and the pol~condensation takes place at a reaction temperature of 50C, the pH value in ~tep b) being adjusted with 96 g sulphanilic acid. It is con-densed to a viscositg of 4.60 cSt (20~ by weight solution, 20C) and, after breaking off of the condensation (addition of 28~9 g of 50~ aqueous sodium hydroxide solution), there remains a clear, black-coloured solution with a solids content of 37,1~ b~ weight~
Example 5.
In the reaction vessel described in Example 1 are placed 30 g (0.20 mol) of 50~ a~ueous gl~ox~lic acid and 300 g water. While stirring, a pH value of 4 30 is adjusted with 16 g o~ 50~ aqueous sodium h~droxide solution and 126 g (1.00 mol) of melamine added thereto.
The reaction mixture i~ heated to 50C and stirred at this temperature for 1 hour, the pH value therebg increasing to 5.78.
Subsequently 300 g (3.00 mol) formalin (30~
aqueous solution) as well as 52 g (0.27 mol) sodium disulphite and 41.3 g sodium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) are added thereto and stirred for 50 5 minutes at 50C (sulphomethylation).
As soon as sulphite is no longer detectable, the reaction mixture is adjusted to a pH value of 5.50 by the addition of 96 g sulphanilic acid and condensed to an end viscosity of 30.0 cSt 10 corresponding to 5.08 cSt at 20C (20% by weight solution). The dark coloured reaction solution is rendered alkaline with 11.5 g sodium hydroxide (50%). It has a solids content of 37.7% by weight.
Example 6.
Example 5 is repeated but, instead of the glyoxylic acid there used, there are used 65.2 g (0.20 mol) 2-benzaldehyde-sulphonic acid.
Furthermore, the amounts of the other components used are changed as follows:
20 330 g (3.30 mol) formalin (30%) 350 g water 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine 37 g sodium hydroxide (50%) 48 g (0.25 mol) sodium disulphite.
The adjustment of the condensation pH value takes place with sulphanilic acid. The condensation is broken off at a viscosity of 25.0 cSt (70C), corresponding to 5.18 cSt at 20C ~20% by weight solution), by the addition of 28.6 g sodium 30 hydroxide (50%). A clear solution is obtained which contains 37.3% by weight of solids.
- ~17200~
~xample 7.
~ The resction takes place analogouslg to the proce~
described in Example 6 but with 32.6 g (0.10 mol) 2-benzaldehgde-sulphonic acid. The end product has a viscosity of 25 cSt (50C) or of 4.78 cSt (20C, 20 b~ weight solution) and a solids content of 36,4%
bg weight.
Example 8.
According to the procedure described in Example 5, there is first produced a precor.~ensate of melamine and 2-form,~lbenzoic acid which is sulphomethglolated under al~aline conditions at pH 11.53 in the manner described in Example 5.The polgcondensation takes place at pH 5.30 up to an Ubbelohde end viscositg of 25.0 cSt measured at 50C,corresponding to 4.82 cSt at 20C (20~ b~ weight ~olution). ~he aqueous pol~-condensate solution obtained has, after neutralisation with sodium h~droxide (50~), a pH value of 10~60 and a solids content of 3609'~ bg weight.
Example 9.
Example 5 is repeated but with 220 g (2.20 mol) formalin (30~). The end product has a viscositg of 2097 cSt (20C, 20~ b~ weight soIution) and a solids content of 38.4~ bg-weight and contains 0~ bg weight of free formaldehgde, Example lOo In the apparatus described in Example 1 are - ~1720~4 placed 330 g (3.30 mol) formalin (30~ aqueou olution) and 270 g of water. h p~l value of 8.5 is adjuted with 20~p aqueous odium hydroxide solution and subsequently there are succesivelg added thereto 100.8 g (0.80 mol) 5 melamine, 12.0 g(0.20 mol) ures, 72.2 g (0.38 mol) sodium disulphite, as well a 12 g of 205~ aqueous sodium hydroxide olution, with stirring. The temper-ature is increas-ed to 70C and the reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature for 70 minutes, Subsequently, 10 75 g (0.15 mol) methylpolgeth~lene-gl~colamine (average molecular weight 500) in 90 g of water are added thereto and the mixture obtained i stirred for 45 minutes at 70C.
Thereafter, by means of the addition of 20~
15 sulphuric acid, a pH value of 5.15 i adjusted and condened to an end viscosit;y of 8 cSt (70C, Ubbelohde).
means of the addition of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, a pH value of 10.40 i9 adjusted and the reaction mixture is cooled. The clear aqueous solution 20 of the end product contains 35~ by weight of solids (viscositg of the 20'~ by weight solution:- 5~29 cSt at 20C).
~:xample 11, 13x8~ple 1 is repeated but 161.5 g (0~10 mol ) of 25 an equimolar reaction produc-t of ammonia, 2,4-toluene-diisocyanate and methylpolyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 500) are used intead of the there-used methylpolyethylene-glycolamine (average molecular weight 500). It is condensed to an end viscosity of 8.4 cSt (70C, Ubbelohde) and a product is obtained with a solids content of 37.3~ by 5 weight, a 20~ by weight solution of which has a viscosity of 5.16 cSt at 20C.
Comparison 1.
Commercially-available sulphonated melamine-formaldehyde polycondensation product in 10 the form of the sodium salt (Melment L10).
Comparison 2.
Commercially-available sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde polycondensation product in the form of the sodium salt (LOMAR D).
The aqueous polycondensation solutions obtained were subjected to a comparative test as additives for cement-containing solid material suspensions in order to demonstrate their increased and longer-lasting effectiveness in comparison with 20 conventional superplasticizers.
Application example 1.
900 g of Portland cement PZ 35 Kiefersfelden are stirred in a mixer in standardised manner with 1350 g standard sand (coarse material:fine material 25 = 2:1) and 405 g of water (water/cement ratio =
0.45) which contains the polycondensation products according to the present invention in dissolved form.
~172l)~
Referred to the solids material of the aqeous condensate solutions, there is carried out a uniform dosing of 0.50~ by weight, referred to the cement.
Immediately after the production of the 5 cement mortar, there is determined the flow, as well as the time-dependant change over a period of time of 60 minutes. For this purpose, there is used a stainless steel flow trough of 80 cm length with a filling funnel (1000 ml filling amount). The 10 dispersing action of a superplasticizer is the better, the greater is the path which a constant amount of fresh mortar has passed in the flow trough with a period of time of 120 seconds. The results of this comparative testing are summarised in the 15 following Table 1.
21720~
Table 1 ~low behaviour of mortar mixtures with products according to the invention and with comparative products 5 additive solids Flow in mm bg wt.
immediately after after 30 min, 60 min.
Exam~le 1 34.1 480 490 460 Example 2 32.1 590 570 510 Example 3 36.9 400 410 390 Example 4 37.1 610 690 620 Example 5 37.7 670 640 570 Example 6 37,3 620 520 480 Example 7 36.4 620 570 490 Example 8 36.9 620 570 520 Example 9 38.4 610 600 500 Example 10 35.0 470 480 470 Example 11 38.~ 430 440 440 Comp. 1 40,5 340 220 190 Comp. 2 37.0 470 430 310 water-cement ratio: 0.45 dosagin~: 0,50~ by wt, referred to PZ 35 Kiefersfelden In order to demonstrate the etting and air en-txaining properties of the products according to thepresent invention, comparative tests were carried out in concrete mixtures.
217200~
~ -23-Application example 2 In a standardised manner, in a forced circulation mixer of 5.3 kg of Portland cement (PZ
35 Kiefersfelden) are mixed with 33.0 kg of 5 aggregates (grading curve 0 - 32 mm) and 2.65 kg of water (less the water from the additives). The aqueous solutions of the products according to the present invention and of the comparison products are added thereto and 10 minutes after the addition of 10 the superplasticizers there is carried out the determination of the flow table spreads according to German Industrial Standard DIN 1048 (double determination).
Subsequent to the measurement of the flow 15 table spreads, test bodies are produced with 15 x 15 x 15 cm edge length and the compressive strength determined after 24 hours, as well as the proportion of air pores. The results obtained are summarised in the following Table 2.
~17200~
Table 2 Cement testing according to DIN 1048 additive dosageflow table bulk air 1-day g~ solidsspread indensitycontPnt. compressive ref . to[,m,m] [kg/m ][vol . ~] strength Portland [N/mm2]
cPmPnt Example 1 0.48 575 2.49 2.5 13.9 Example 2 0.43 550 2.50 2.1 14.5 Example 3 0.48 540 2.48 3.4 13.4 Example 4 0.43 575 2.51 1.1 14.0 Exarn?le 5 0.41 585 2.51 1.4 12.9 Example 6 0.43 580 2.50 2.0 12.3 Example 7 0.43 575 2.50 2.2 13.3 Exa~ple 8 0.43 570 2.49 2.9 13.9 Example 9 0.40 575 2.51 0.9 12.7 Example 10 0.47 545 2.50 1.9 14.5 Example 11 0.47 560 2.48 3.0 12.9 Com,p . 1 0 . 47 ' 545 2.50 1.9 14.5 Comp . 2 0.45 555 2.47 3.8 12.0
Description The present invention is concerned with water-soluble pol~condensation products ba~ed on amino-s-triazine~ with at least two amino groups and form-aldeh~de, as well as the use thereof as additivesfor aqueous binding agent suspension~.
In concrete construction, as well as in the fields of building protection and building renewal, the proce~sing of h~drsulic bindin~ agents, for example Portland cement, blast fur~ce slag cement, trass and flg ash cement, as well as anhgdrite and g~psum and the like, in highlg concentrated aqueous suspensions with inorganic components, 2uch as ~and, gravel, crushed rock and stone dust, pla~s an important part.
From DE-PS 16 71 017, it is known to produce cement-containing building material mixtures with the addition of water-soluble sulphonic acid ~roup-containing melamine-formaldeh~de polycondensation products in order to ncrease their working propertie~, especiallg their flowabilit~, in the case of a given water/cement ratio or to improve the mechanical prop-erties of the hardened constructional material bg reducing the amount of water added. Additives based on naphthalenesulphonic acid-formaldeh~de pol~condensation products are described, for example in EP-A-0 214 412.
A gene~aI disadvsntage of these additives, xeferred to as super plasticizers o_ watex-reducing 2 17 2~0 il agents, is the decrease of the flowability of correspondin~lg produced building material mixtures in a relativelg short space of time. ~he need for processing agents for building materials which, in the case of maintenance of the positivo propertie~ of conventional flow agent~, such 8S high earlg strength and small air introduction, can soIve the problem of the short maintenance of the flowability, is, consequently, great.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to make available new additives for agueous binding agent suspensions which do not displa~ the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art but rather can maintain the flowabilit~ of the correspondingl~
produced building material mixtures over a practically sufficientlg long period of time without retarding the setting and hardening process and, due to the low degree of air introduction, do not cause ang disad-vantages in the case of the mechanical properties of the hardened building material.
According to the present i~vention, this object is achieved by water-soluble polgcondensation products based on amino-s-triazines with at least two amino groups, formaldehgde and sulphite in the mol ratio of 1:0,5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5 which is produced bg conden~ing in aqueous solution at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and 8 t a temper~ture of ~0 to 90C until the 217200~
~ulp~hite is no longer detectable and, toward~ the end of the pre-conden~ation, per mol of amino-~-triazine used, there ie added thereto 0.01 to ~0 mol of a polgoxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:-X - (CH.- CH2 ~ )n ~ R2 Rl. (I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-C0-NH2, -0-C0-NH2 or -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, Rl is a hgdrogen atom or an aliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hgdrogen atom or an aliphatic hgdro-carbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cyclo-aliphatic radical with 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an optionall~ substituted aromatic h~drocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or Rl 15 wherein R~ is an aliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 2 to 18 csrbon atoms, a cyc~oaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic h~dro-carbon radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hgdroCarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon stoms, Z is -NH2, -NH-C0-NH2 and n ie a number from 1 to-100 and/or a ~ an aldeh~de-acid derivative of the general formula:-H - C0 - R4 (II) wherein ~4 is COOH or a phenyl radical with -COO~, -S03H or -P03H2 or the mono- or divalent salts thereof is first allowed to react with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0 01 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of-4.5 to 6.5 and at a temperature of 20 to 90C and subsequentl~ with formaldeh~de in an amount of 0 5 to 5.0 mol per mol of amino-s-tria%ine, optionall~ with the addition of sulphite and/or a pol~oxgalk~lene derivative at a pH
value of 9.0 to 12.0 and st a temperature of 40 to goC and b) subsequent to step al) or a2), furthe~r condensation is carried out at a pH value of 3,0 to 7.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90C until the visco~it~ of the ~olution at 20C and a solids content of 20~ bg weight has a value of 2 to 10 cS~.
Surprisinglg, it has been shown that the pol~-condensation product according to the present invention poEsesses a dispersing action which iæ at least just as good aæ the sulphonated mela~ine-formaldehyde resins according to the prior art~, whereby the flowabilit~
of constructional material mixturesappropriatel~
produced with the help of the polgcondensation products according to the present invention can be maintained for a comparativel~ long period of time.. ~urthermore, in spite of the dela~ed stiffening of the building material mixture,no negative effects are ob~erved in - 217~G4 the setting and hardening process and no losses in the case of the mechanical properties of the h~drated constructional body caused b~ incorporated macro air pores.
~ further subject of the present invention is a process for the production of the polgcondensation products accordin~ to the present invention. This production process is carried out in two condensation steps 8) and b). ~'he first condensation step a), namely the pre-condensation, can hereby take place in two different wags.
Accordin~ to a first alternstive embodiment (condensation step al), amino-s-triazine, formaldeh~de ~nd sulphite ,are condensed in a mol ratio of 1:0.5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5 in aqueous solution at a pH value of 9.0 to 12~0 at atemperature of 40 to 90C until the sulphite is no longer detectable. Melamine is prefer-abl~ used as amino-s-triazine with at least two NH2 groups. The use of monosubstituted amino-s-triazines, such ~sbenzo- or acetoguanamine, is also possible.
In general, within the scope of the present invention, up to 50 mol ~ of the amino-s-triazine can be replaced b~ other aminoplsst formers, in which, for example, urea, thiourea, dic~andismide or guanidine (salts) can be used.
As aldehgde, formaldeh~de is preferablg used in the form of a ~0~ or even higher percentage aqueous formalin solution or also as paraformsldeh<yde.
For the modification of the polgcondensation ~ products according to the present invention into water-soluble or water-compatible form, use is made of conventional sulphite derivatives, for example alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulphites, as well as the hgdro~en and pyrosulphites thereof.
For this embodiment of the present invention~ it is important that, towards the end of the precondens-ation al), per mol of amino-s-triazine used, there is added O.OI to 1.0 mol and~speciall~ 0 05 to 0.5 mol of a pol~oxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:-X - (CH - CH2 ~ )n ~ R2 (I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2, -0-CO-NH2 or -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, Rl is a h~drogen atom Dr an aliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hgdrogen atom, an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cgclo-aliphatic radical with 5 to 8 csrbon atoms or an optionallg substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms, as well as -CH2 - C~:- X
Rl R3 is an aliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cgcloaliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic hgdrocarbon 2172û0~
radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hgdrocarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon atoms, Z is -NH2 or -NH-C0-NH2 and n is 1 to 100.
As mono- or difunctional polgoxgalkylene gl~col-amines (X = -NH2), ureides (X = -NH-CO-NH2) or carbamates (X = -0-C0-NH2), there are preferablg used the corresponding ethglene- or propylene oxide compounds.
The aliphatic hgdrocarbon radicals Rl and R2 can herebg be straight-chained or branched or al~o un~aturated.
10. As aromatic hydrocarbon radicals,there are herebg pre-ferablg u~ed phenyl or naphthyl radi;cals. In the case of R being phengl, the phengl radical can also contain substituents, in which case Cl - C20-alkgl radicals, as well 8s h~drox~l or sulphonic acid groups, are preferred.
In the caEe of polgoxgalkglene derivatives in which X is -o-Co-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, R3 is an aliphatic hgdro-carbon radical with 2 to 18 and preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, a cgclo~liphatic h~drocarbon radical with 4 to 15 and preferablg 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic hgdrocarbon radical with 6 to 15 and preferablg 6 to 13 carbon atoms or an araliphatic h~drocarbon radical with 8 to 15 and preferablg 8 to 13 carbon atoms and Z is -NH2 or -NH-CO-NH2. The production of the correspondin~
derivatives take~ place bg a two-~tep reaction of a bifunctional isocganate component R3(NCo)2 in a first reaction step with sn equivalent of polgalk~leneglgcol to give an NC0-terminated polgurethane prepolgmer and - ~172004 ubsequent reaction w~th ammonia or urea to give the corresponding urea or biuret derivative.
As isocyanate component R~NC0)2, there are preferably used the technicall~ easilg obtainable aromatic diisoc~anates, for example 2,4- or 2,6-toluenediisocyanate (~DI), as well as any desired mixture of these i~omers, 1,5-naphthalene diiso-c~anate (NDI), aliphatic diiocyanate, for example 1,6-diisoc~anatohexane (HDI), c~cloaliphatic diiso-cganates, for example 2,4- and 4,4-diisoc~anato-dicgclohexglmethane (Desmodur W) and ~-(isocganato-methgl)-3,5,5-trimethylc~clohexgliocganate (IPDI), a well as araliphatic diioc~anates, for example 1,3-bi-(1-isoc~anato-1-meth~lethgl)-benzene (TMXDI).
According to a preferred embodiment, the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde in reaction step al) is adjusted to 1 ~.5 to 3.5 and the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to polyoxyalk~lene derivative so that the sum of ulphite and polgoxyalkylene deriv-ative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amil,o-s-triazine.
According to a econd alternative embodiment, the pre-condenation accordin~ to reaction tep a2) takes place in such a wag that an aldehgde acid derivative of the general formula:-H - CO - R (II) in which R4 is -COOH or a phen~l radical with -COOH, ~17200`~
-S03H or -PO~H2 or mono- or divalent ~alts thereof, is first reacted with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 moland preferabl~ of 0.05 to 1.0 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of 4.5 to 6.5 and a temperature of 20 to 90C and subsequently with formaldehyde in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 moland preferably of 1.5 to 3.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine with the addition of sulphite and possibl~ of a pol~ox~-alkylene derivative at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and a temperature of 40 to 90C.
Preferred aldehyde acid deri~atives include aldeh~de carbox,ylic, sulphonic and phosphonic acids and especially glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxglic acid, benzaldeh,yde sulphonic a~id and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid. As mono- or divalent salts of these aldehyde acid derivatives, there are preferably used the alkali metal salts, for example sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salt~, for example calcium salts, as well as ammonium salts or salts of or~anic amines.
The adjustment of the pH v~lue in reaction steps al) and a2) can take place with the usual alkaline-reacting compounds or salts, especially hydroxidesO
~or reason~ of cost, aqueous sodium h~dr~xide solution is preferably used for the alkaline pH value adjustment.
If, according to reaction tep a2), a pol~oxy-alkylene derivative is also added, then the sum of - ~17201j~
aldeh~de acid derivative, ~ulphite and polyox~alk~lene derivative should preferabl~ amount to 0.5 to 1~5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine. The condensation reaction is carried out in aqueous solution, the total concent-ration of the reaction mixture preferabl~ being soadjusted that the final condensation product is obtained with a solids content of 20 to 50~ bg weight, Subsequent to reaction step al) or a2), the pre-condensate is then further condensed at a pH value of 3.0 to 7,0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90C until the viscosity of the solution at 20C and at a solids content of 20~ bg wei~ht has a value of 2 to 10 cSt.
The acidic pH value in the seco~d reaction step b), which is preferably 4.5 to 6.0, is adjusted with the usual acids or acid-reacting compounds or salts, inorganic mineral acids and especially sulp~uric acid thereby being preferred for reasons of cost. Also preferred are those acids which also contain additional sulphonic acid group~ and these sulphonic acid ~roups csn be introduced into the condensation product, for example sulphaniDic acid and/or amidosulphonic acid, namelg, especially in an amount of up to 0.7 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
The condensation reaction, which is preferablg carried out at a temperature of 50 to 70C, is ended when the viscosity of the aqueous solution at 20C
and a soli~s content of 20~ by weight has a value of `- 217200 ~
2 to 10 cSt. The condensation reaction is cubsequentlg broken off b~ the addition of a basic compound and adjustment of a basic pH value.
If the polycondensation products according to the present invention still have a relatively high content of free formaldehyde, in the scope of the present invention it is also possible to reduce this free formaldehyde content bg a subsequent slkaline treatment at an elevated temperature, for example accordin~ to EP-PS 0 336 165. If necessarg or desired, the polg-condensation products can be converted into solid form by distillative separatin~ off of the water, bg pre-cipitation with an appropriate solvent or by spray drging~
The polycondensation products according to the present invention are ~peciallg suitable as additives for aqueous suspensions based on inorganic binding agents, especiallg cement, lime~ ggpsum, whereby theg are used in an amount of 0.01 to 10~ bg weight and preferably of Ool to 5~ bg weight, referred to the weight of the inorganic binding agent. In comparison with water-soluble aminoplast condensation products according to the prior art, the polgcondensation products according to the present invention impart a substantially longer workabilitg to the corres-pondinglg produced building material mixtures without thereb~ lo~ing the positivetechnical properties of 217200~
use, such as high earl~ strength, insensitivitg ~ith regard to overdosings and low introduction of air.
The following ~xamples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention.
Example 1 In a 1 litre reaction vessel equipped with a thermome-ter, a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a pH
measurement device and a dropping funnel there are placed 350 g (3.50 mol) formalin (30~ aqueous solution) and 290 g ~rater. A pH value of 8.5 is adju~ted with a few drops of 20~ aqueous sodium hgdroxide solution.
While stirring, 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine are there-after introduced into the reaction solution. Subsequentl~
90~5 g (0.475 mol) sodium disulphite, as well as 12. 5 g 15 20-io aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, are added thereto in order to adjust a pH value of 10.5.The internal temperature of the reactor, which has alreadg increased to 5~C, is further increased bg heating to 70C and the reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature for 100 minutes. Thereafter, over a period of time of 30 minutes, 100 g (0.20 mol) methgl polgeth~lene glgcol-amine (avera~e molecular weight 500) in 125 g of water are added thereto and the mixture obtained is stirred for 30 minutes at 70C and a pH value of 11.0~.
With the maintenance of the inner temperature of the reactor of 70C, 67 g of 20~ a~ueous sulp~uric acid are added thereto and condensed at a pH value of 5.10 ~1 720G4 U? to an end visc02ity of 9 cSt (according to Ubbelohde at 70C), which corresponds to a viscosit~
of 6.03 cSt at 20C, meacured on a 20qo b~ ~ight solution.
Subsequently, b~ the addition of 15.3 g of aqueous 50~ sodium h~droxide ~olution with stirring, a pH value of 10 03 i~ adjusted and the reaction mixture is cooled to 25C.
The clear aqueous 201ution obtained of the modified melamine-formaldehyde pol~condensate has a solids content of 34.1~ b~ weight.
Example 2.
A melamine-formaldeh~de-sulphite precondensate produced analogously to Example 1 at 70C from 333 g (3.33 mol) formalin (30'~), 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine, 100 g (0.53 mol) sodium disulphite and 12.5 g 2~
aqueous 20dium hydroxide solution in 290 g water is, after sulphite is no longer detectable, mixed with 50 g (0.10 mol) meth~lpol~eth~lene gl~colamine (average molecular weight 500) in 75 g of water, the pH value thereb~ increasing from 11.13 to 11.23.
Immediatel~ thereafter, 96 ~ of 10~ aqueous sulphuric acid are added thereto, a pH value of 5.33 thereb~ being adjusted. At an internal temperature of the reactor of 70C, cOndensation i~ continued to an end visc02ity of 4.~5 cSt according to Ubbelohde (3.96 cSt at 20C, 20~ b~ weight solution).
217200~
Bg means of the zddition of 24 g of 2G~ aqueous sodium hgdroxide solution, the water-clear solution is adjusted to a pH value of 10~15 and cooled. The aqueous polycondensate solution has a solids content of 32.1~ bg weight.
Example 3.
The procedure,is carried out as described in Example 2 but with the following amounts of chemicals:
350 g (3.50 ~ol formalin (30~) 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine 86 g(0.45 mol) sodium disulphite 20 g aqueou~ sodium hydroxide solution (20~) 180 g water 80 g sulphuric acid (20~) 5 150 g (0.30 mol) methglpolgeth~leneglgcolamine (average molecular weight 500) in 225 g water.
The condensation is carried out at a pH value of 5.23 and, after reaching an Ubbelohde end viscositg of 13 cSt at 70C, ended bg the addition of 18 g of 20, 50% aqueo~ sodium h~droxide solution, The viscosit~
of a 20~ b~ weight solution is 6.47 cSt at 20C.
The water-clear solution has a solids content of 36.9'-~ b~ weight at a pH value of 10.54 at 25C.
Example 4., The reaction described in Example 2 is repeated with the following amounts of chemicals: ' 217200~
350 g (3.50 mol) formalin (30~) 125 g (1 00 mol) melamine 52 g (0.27 mol) sodium disulphite 37 g aqueous sodium h~droxide solution (50~) 260 g water 50 g (0.10 mol) methglpol~eth~lene glgcolamine (average molecular weight 500) in 75 g water.
In contradistinction to the process described in Examples 1 to 3, the precondensate formation and the pol~condensation takes place at a reaction temperature of 50C, the pH value in ~tep b) being adjusted with 96 g sulphanilic acid. It is con-densed to a viscositg of 4.60 cSt (20~ by weight solution, 20C) and, after breaking off of the condensation (addition of 28~9 g of 50~ aqueous sodium hydroxide solution), there remains a clear, black-coloured solution with a solids content of 37,1~ b~ weight~
Example 5.
In the reaction vessel described in Example 1 are placed 30 g (0.20 mol) of 50~ a~ueous gl~ox~lic acid and 300 g water. While stirring, a pH value of 4 30 is adjusted with 16 g o~ 50~ aqueous sodium h~droxide solution and 126 g (1.00 mol) of melamine added thereto.
The reaction mixture i~ heated to 50C and stirred at this temperature for 1 hour, the pH value therebg increasing to 5.78.
Subsequently 300 g (3.00 mol) formalin (30~
aqueous solution) as well as 52 g (0.27 mol) sodium disulphite and 41.3 g sodium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) are added thereto and stirred for 50 5 minutes at 50C (sulphomethylation).
As soon as sulphite is no longer detectable, the reaction mixture is adjusted to a pH value of 5.50 by the addition of 96 g sulphanilic acid and condensed to an end viscosity of 30.0 cSt 10 corresponding to 5.08 cSt at 20C (20% by weight solution). The dark coloured reaction solution is rendered alkaline with 11.5 g sodium hydroxide (50%). It has a solids content of 37.7% by weight.
Example 6.
Example 5 is repeated but, instead of the glyoxylic acid there used, there are used 65.2 g (0.20 mol) 2-benzaldehyde-sulphonic acid.
Furthermore, the amounts of the other components used are changed as follows:
20 330 g (3.30 mol) formalin (30%) 350 g water 126 g (1.00 mol) melamine 37 g sodium hydroxide (50%) 48 g (0.25 mol) sodium disulphite.
The adjustment of the condensation pH value takes place with sulphanilic acid. The condensation is broken off at a viscosity of 25.0 cSt (70C), corresponding to 5.18 cSt at 20C ~20% by weight solution), by the addition of 28.6 g sodium 30 hydroxide (50%). A clear solution is obtained which contains 37.3% by weight of solids.
- ~17200~
~xample 7.
~ The resction takes place analogouslg to the proce~
described in Example 6 but with 32.6 g (0.10 mol) 2-benzaldehgde-sulphonic acid. The end product has a viscosity of 25 cSt (50C) or of 4.78 cSt (20C, 20 b~ weight solution) and a solids content of 36,4%
bg weight.
Example 8.
According to the procedure described in Example 5, there is first produced a precor.~ensate of melamine and 2-form,~lbenzoic acid which is sulphomethglolated under al~aline conditions at pH 11.53 in the manner described in Example 5.The polgcondensation takes place at pH 5.30 up to an Ubbelohde end viscositg of 25.0 cSt measured at 50C,corresponding to 4.82 cSt at 20C (20~ b~ weight ~olution). ~he aqueous pol~-condensate solution obtained has, after neutralisation with sodium h~droxide (50~), a pH value of 10~60 and a solids content of 3609'~ bg weight.
Example 9.
Example 5 is repeated but with 220 g (2.20 mol) formalin (30~). The end product has a viscositg of 2097 cSt (20C, 20~ b~ weight soIution) and a solids content of 38.4~ bg-weight and contains 0~ bg weight of free formaldehgde, Example lOo In the apparatus described in Example 1 are - ~1720~4 placed 330 g (3.30 mol) formalin (30~ aqueou olution) and 270 g of water. h p~l value of 8.5 is adjuted with 20~p aqueous odium hydroxide solution and subsequently there are succesivelg added thereto 100.8 g (0.80 mol) 5 melamine, 12.0 g(0.20 mol) ures, 72.2 g (0.38 mol) sodium disulphite, as well a 12 g of 205~ aqueous sodium hydroxide olution, with stirring. The temper-ature is increas-ed to 70C and the reaction mixture is stirred at this temperature for 70 minutes, Subsequently, 10 75 g (0.15 mol) methylpolgeth~lene-gl~colamine (average molecular weight 500) in 90 g of water are added thereto and the mixture obtained i stirred for 45 minutes at 70C.
Thereafter, by means of the addition of 20~
15 sulphuric acid, a pH value of 5.15 i adjusted and condened to an end viscosit;y of 8 cSt (70C, Ubbelohde).
means of the addition of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, a pH value of 10.40 i9 adjusted and the reaction mixture is cooled. The clear aqueous solution 20 of the end product contains 35~ by weight of solids (viscositg of the 20'~ by weight solution:- 5~29 cSt at 20C).
~:xample 11, 13x8~ple 1 is repeated but 161.5 g (0~10 mol ) of 25 an equimolar reaction produc-t of ammonia, 2,4-toluene-diisocyanate and methylpolyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 500) are used intead of the there-used methylpolyethylene-glycolamine (average molecular weight 500). It is condensed to an end viscosity of 8.4 cSt (70C, Ubbelohde) and a product is obtained with a solids content of 37.3~ by 5 weight, a 20~ by weight solution of which has a viscosity of 5.16 cSt at 20C.
Comparison 1.
Commercially-available sulphonated melamine-formaldehyde polycondensation product in 10 the form of the sodium salt (Melment L10).
Comparison 2.
Commercially-available sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde polycondensation product in the form of the sodium salt (LOMAR D).
The aqueous polycondensation solutions obtained were subjected to a comparative test as additives for cement-containing solid material suspensions in order to demonstrate their increased and longer-lasting effectiveness in comparison with 20 conventional superplasticizers.
Application example 1.
900 g of Portland cement PZ 35 Kiefersfelden are stirred in a mixer in standardised manner with 1350 g standard sand (coarse material:fine material 25 = 2:1) and 405 g of water (water/cement ratio =
0.45) which contains the polycondensation products according to the present invention in dissolved form.
~172l)~
Referred to the solids material of the aqeous condensate solutions, there is carried out a uniform dosing of 0.50~ by weight, referred to the cement.
Immediately after the production of the 5 cement mortar, there is determined the flow, as well as the time-dependant change over a period of time of 60 minutes. For this purpose, there is used a stainless steel flow trough of 80 cm length with a filling funnel (1000 ml filling amount). The 10 dispersing action of a superplasticizer is the better, the greater is the path which a constant amount of fresh mortar has passed in the flow trough with a period of time of 120 seconds. The results of this comparative testing are summarised in the 15 following Table 1.
21720~
Table 1 ~low behaviour of mortar mixtures with products according to the invention and with comparative products 5 additive solids Flow in mm bg wt.
immediately after after 30 min, 60 min.
Exam~le 1 34.1 480 490 460 Example 2 32.1 590 570 510 Example 3 36.9 400 410 390 Example 4 37.1 610 690 620 Example 5 37.7 670 640 570 Example 6 37,3 620 520 480 Example 7 36.4 620 570 490 Example 8 36.9 620 570 520 Example 9 38.4 610 600 500 Example 10 35.0 470 480 470 Example 11 38.~ 430 440 440 Comp. 1 40,5 340 220 190 Comp. 2 37.0 470 430 310 water-cement ratio: 0.45 dosagin~: 0,50~ by wt, referred to PZ 35 Kiefersfelden In order to demonstrate the etting and air en-txaining properties of the products according to thepresent invention, comparative tests were carried out in concrete mixtures.
217200~
~ -23-Application example 2 In a standardised manner, in a forced circulation mixer of 5.3 kg of Portland cement (PZ
35 Kiefersfelden) are mixed with 33.0 kg of 5 aggregates (grading curve 0 - 32 mm) and 2.65 kg of water (less the water from the additives). The aqueous solutions of the products according to the present invention and of the comparison products are added thereto and 10 minutes after the addition of 10 the superplasticizers there is carried out the determination of the flow table spreads according to German Industrial Standard DIN 1048 (double determination).
Subsequent to the measurement of the flow 15 table spreads, test bodies are produced with 15 x 15 x 15 cm edge length and the compressive strength determined after 24 hours, as well as the proportion of air pores. The results obtained are summarised in the following Table 2.
~17200~
Table 2 Cement testing according to DIN 1048 additive dosageflow table bulk air 1-day g~ solidsspread indensitycontPnt. compressive ref . to[,m,m] [kg/m ][vol . ~] strength Portland [N/mm2]
cPmPnt Example 1 0.48 575 2.49 2.5 13.9 Example 2 0.43 550 2.50 2.1 14.5 Example 3 0.48 540 2.48 3.4 13.4 Example 4 0.43 575 2.51 1.1 14.0 Exarn?le 5 0.41 585 2.51 1.4 12.9 Example 6 0.43 580 2.50 2.0 12.3 Example 7 0.43 575 2.50 2.2 13.3 Exa~ple 8 0.43 570 2.49 2.9 13.9 Example 9 0.40 575 2.51 0.9 12.7 Example 10 0.47 545 2.50 1.9 14.5 Example 11 0.47 560 2.48 3.0 12.9 Com,p . 1 0 . 47 ' 545 2.50 1.9 14.5 Comp . 2 0.45 555 2.47 3.8 12.0
Claims (41)
1. Water-soluble condensation product of amino-s-triazine, formaldehyde and sulphite in a mol ratio of 1:0.5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5, chsracterised in that, per mol of amino-s-triazine, it contains 0.01 to 1.0 mol of a polyoxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:- (I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2, -O-CO-NH2 or -O-CO-NH-R3-NH-CO-Z, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical with 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or wherein R3 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon atoms, Z is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2 and n is a number from 1 to 100, and/or 0.01 to 1.5 mol of an aldehyde acid derivative of the general formula:-H - CO - R4 (II) wherein R4 is COOH or a phenyl radical with -COOH, -SO3H
or -PO3H2 or the mono- or divalent salts thereof condensed in.
or -PO3H2 or the mono- or divalent salts thereof condensed in.
2. Condensation product according to claim 1, wherein it contains the compound of general formula (I) with X is -NH2 or -O-CO-NH-R3-NH-Co-Z, R1 a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, R3 toluylene or xylylene, Z is NH2 and n is 7 to 15.
3. Condensation product according to claim 1, wherein, as compound of general formula (II), it contains at least one compound from the group glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde-sulphonic acid and formylbenzoic acid.
4. Condensation product according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the amino-s-triazine consists wholly or predominantly of melamine.
5. Condensation product according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein up to 50 mol % of the amino-s-triazine is replaced by one or more other aminoplast formers of the group urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide or guanidine (salts).
6. Condensation product according to claim 4, wherein up to 50 mol % of the amino-s-triazine is replaced by one or more other aminoplast formers of the group urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide or guanidine (salts).
7. Condensation product according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 6, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formal-dehyde is 1:1.5 to 3.5.
8. Condensation product according to claim 4, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde is 1:1.5 to 3.5.
9. Condensation product according to claim 5, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde is 1:1.5 to 3.5.
10. Condensation product according to claim 7, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde is 1:1.5 to 3.5.
11. Condensation product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sum of sulphite and polyoxyalkylene deriva-tive amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
12. Condensation product according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the sum of aldehyde acid derivative and sulphite and optionally polyoxyalkylene derivative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
13. Polycondensation product according to claim 1, wherein, when R2 is a phenyl radical, the phenyl radical also contains at least one substituent from the group C1-C20-alkyl radicals, hydroxyl groups and sulphonic acid groups.
14. Process for the production of water-soluble poly-condensation products based on amino-s-triazines by condensation in two steps, wherein a1) amino-s-triazine, formaldehyde and sulphite are condensed in a mol ratio of 1:0.5 to 5.0:0.1 to 1.5 in aqueous solution at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90°C until the sulphite is no longer detectable and, towards the end of the precondensation, there is added per mol of amino-s-triazine used 0.01 to 1.0 mol of a polyoxyalkylene derivative of the general formula:
(I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2, -O-CO-NH2 or -O-CO-NH-R3-NH-CO-Z, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical with 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or wherein R3 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon atoms, Z is -NH2 or -NH-CO-NH2 and n is a number from 1 to 100 and/or a2) an aldehyde acid derivative of the general formula:
H - CO - R4 (II) wherein R4 is -COOH or a phenyl radical with -COOH, -SO3H or -PO3H2 or a mono- or divalent salt thereof, is first reacted with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of 4.5 to 6.5 and at a temperature of 20 to 90°C and sub-sequently with formaldehyde in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine, option-ally with the addition of sulphite and/or of a polyoxyalkylene derivative at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90°C, and b) subsequent to step a1) or a2), is further condensed at a pH value of 3.0 to 7.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90°C until the viscosity of the solution at 20°C and a solids content of 20%
by weight has a value of 2 to 10 cSt.
(I) wherein X is -NH2, -NH-CO-NH2, -O-CO-NH2 or -O-CO-NH-R3-NH-CO-Z, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with up to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical with 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or wherein R3 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to 15 carbon atoms, Z is -NH2 or -NH-CO-NH2 and n is a number from 1 to 100 and/or a2) an aldehyde acid derivative of the general formula:
H - CO - R4 (II) wherein R4 is -COOH or a phenyl radical with -COOH, -SO3H or -PO3H2 or a mono- or divalent salt thereof, is first reacted with the amino-s-triazine in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine at a pH value of 4.5 to 6.5 and at a temperature of 20 to 90°C and sub-sequently with formaldehyde in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine, option-ally with the addition of sulphite and/or of a polyoxyalkylene derivative at a pH value of 9.0 to 12.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90°C, and b) subsequent to step a1) or a2), is further condensed at a pH value of 3.0 to 7.0 and at a temperature of 40 to 90°C until the viscosity of the solution at 20°C and a solids content of 20%
by weight has a value of 2 to 10 cSt.
15. Process according to claim 14, wherein the melamine is used as amino-s-triazine.
16. Process according to claim 14 or 15, wherein up to 50 mol % of the amino-s-triazine is replaced by one or more other aminoplast formers selected from the group urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide and guanidine (salts).
17. Process according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde in steps a1) and a2) is adjusted to 1:1.5 to 3.5.
18. Process according to claim 16, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to formaldehyde in steps a1) and a2) is adjusted to 1:1.5 to 3.5.
19. Process according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to polyoxyalkylene derivative in step a1) is so adjusted that the sum of sulphite and polyoxyalkylene derivative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
20. Process according to claim 16, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to polyoxyalkylene derivative in step a1) is so adjusted that the sum of sulphite and polyoxyalkylene derivative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
21. Process according to claim 17, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to polyoxyalkylene derivative in step a1) is so adjusted that the sum of sulphite and polyoxyalkylene derivative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
22. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20 or 21, wherein the mol ratio of amino-s-triazine to sulphite and/or polyoxyalkylene derivative in step a2) is so adjusted that the sum of aldehyde acid derivative and sulphite or polyoxyalkylene derivative amounts to 0.5 to 1.5 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
23. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20 or 21, wherein, when R2 is a phenyl radical, the phenyl radical is also substituted with C1-C20-alkyl radicals, hydroxyl or sulphonic acid groups.
24. Process according to claim 16, wherein, when R2 is a phenyl radical, the phenyl radical is also substituted with C1-C20-alkyl radicals, hydroxyl or sulphonic acid groups.
25. Process according to claim 17, wherein, when R2 is a phenyl radical, the phenyl radical is also substituted with C1-C20-alkyl radicals, hydroxyl or sulphonic acid groups.
26. Process according to claim 19, wherein, when R2 is a phenyl radical, the phenyl radical is also substituted with C1-C20-alkyl radicals, hydroxyl or sulphonic acid groups.
27. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20 or 21, wherein, as aldehyde acid derivative, there is used an aldehyde carboxylic or aldehyde sulphonic acid selected from the group glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxylic acid, benzaldehyde sulphonic acid and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid.
28. Process according to claim 16, wherein, as aldehyde acid derivative, there is used an aldehyde carboxylic or aldehyde sulphonic acid selected from the group glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxylic acid, benzaldehyde sulphonic acid and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid.
29. Process according to claim 17, wherein, as aldehyde acid derivative, there is used an aldehyde carboxylic or aldehyde sulphonic acid selected from the group glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxylic acid, benzaldehyde sulphonic acid and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid.
30. Process according to claim 19, wherein, as aldehyde acid derivative, there is used an aldehyde carboxylic or aldehyde sulphonic acid selected from the group glyoxylic acid, benzaldehyde carboxylic acid, benzaldehyde sulphonic acid and benzaldehyde disulphonic acid.
31. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29 or 30, wherein said mono- or divalent salt of the aldehyde acid derivative is selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts and salts of organic amines.
32. Process according to claim 31, wherein said salts are selected from sodium, potassium and calcium salts.
33. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29 or 30, wherein the total concentration of the reaction components in the aqueous solution is so adjusted that the polycondensation product is obtained with a solids content of 20 to 50% by weight.
34. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29 or 30, wherein the condensation in step b) takes place at a pH value of 4.5 to 6Ø
35. Process according to 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29 or 30, wherein, for the pH value adjustment in step b), additional sulphonic acid group-introducing compounds are used in an amount of up to 0.7 mol per mol of amino-s-triazine.
36. Process according to claim 35, wherein at least one of sulphanilic acid and amidosulphonic acid is used as additional sulphonic acid group-introducing compound.
37. Process according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30 or 36, wherein the temperature in step b) is adjusted to 50 to 70°C.
38. Use of a polycondensation product according to claim 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30 or 36, as an additive for aqueous suspensions based on an inorganic binding agent.
39. Use according to claim 38, wherein said inorganic binding agent is cement, lime or gypsum.
40. Use of a polycondensation product according to claim 38 or 39, wherein said polycondensation product is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by weight, referred to the weight of the inorganic binding agent.
41. Use according to claim 40, wherein said amount is 0.1 to 5% by weight, referred to the weight of the inorganic binding agent.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19509759.9 | 1995-03-17 | ||
| DE19509759 | 1995-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2172004A1 true CA2172004A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
Family
ID=7756983
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002172004A Abandoned CA2172004A1 (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-03-18 | Water-soluble polycondensation products based on amino-s-triazines and the use thereof |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5750634A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0732347B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4014011B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE201423T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2172004A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19609614A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2158175T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO961073L (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0732347A3 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| ES2158175T3 (en) | 2001-09-01 |
| NO961073D0 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
| EP0732347A2 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| NO961073L (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| DE59606930D1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
| DE19609614A1 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
| JP4014011B2 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
| EP0732347B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
| US5750634A (en) | 1998-05-12 |
| ATE201423T1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
| JPH08259652A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |