CA2171508A1 - Method for manufacturing thin boards, in particular parquet laminates - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing thin boards, in particular parquet laminatesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2171508A1 CA2171508A1 CA002171508A CA2171508A CA2171508A1 CA 2171508 A1 CA2171508 A1 CA 2171508A1 CA 002171508 A CA002171508 A CA 002171508A CA 2171508 A CA2171508 A CA 2171508A CA 2171508 A1 CA2171508 A1 CA 2171508A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- thickness
- cutter
- residual
- timber
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L5/00—Manufacture of veneer ; Preparatory processing therefor
- B27L5/06—Cutting strips from a stationarily- held trunk or piece by a rocking knife carrier, or from rocking trunk or piece by a stationarily-held knife carrier; Veneer- cutting machines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Proposed herein is a method for manufacturing thin boards, in particular parquet laminates, from a square timber by repeated separation of a thin board from the square timber, without the formation of chips, in a cutter machine or in a series of cutter machines that are arranged one after the other, and by repeated passage of the residual square timber that is not yet completely divided into thin boards through the cutter machine(s), in particular in a series of cutting machines that are arranged one after the other, in which the square timber is divided into thin boards in one pass, the square timber being moved against a generally stationary blade to separate a thin board, in each instance in the longitudinal direction in which its fibers are oriented, and in which at least one thickness measurement is effected during the passage of the square timber through the cutting machine(s). The method is characterized in that the thickness of the thin boards produced in each individual cutting machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is determined individually, the measured actual value of the thickness of the boards from one cutting machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is compared with the nominal value of the thickness of the thin boards that are to be produced from these cutter machines (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), a signal being obtained from a deviation from the nominal value of the thickness and used to correct the blade settings of the particular cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) that are relevant to thickness for separation of thin boards from the following square timbers.
Also proposed in an installation for the cutting type separation of thin boards from a square timber in such a way that no chips are generated.
Also proposed in an installation for the cutting type separation of thin boards from a square timber in such a way that no chips are generated.
Description
A Method for Manufacturing Thin Boards, in particular Parquet Laminates The present invention relates to a method and an installation as set out in the preamble to Patent Claims 1 and 7, these being used to produce thin boards from a square timber by cutting and without the removal of any chips. A method of this kind is used to produce thin boards for the surface layer of floor-covering laminates.
The production of thin boards from a square timber by cutting and without the removal of any chips is already known. It is also known that when using this method, the thickness of the thin boards that are produced cannot be predetermined relatively precisely as compared to the case when such boards are sawn from preferably dry wood, since when the cutting method is used, the wood is processed when wet and preferably also when heated, so that various parameters that apply to the wood as well as parameters that apply to the machine can affect the thickness of the board that is produced.
These facts mean that in the case of the complete division of square timber of a specific thickness from which it is intended to produce a number of thin boards, the total thickness of which is equal to the thickness of the square timber, the thickness of the final board that is left over may not be of the intended thickness, with the result that it has to be discarded unless additional steps are taken.
DE 40 26 346 A1 describes a method that solves this problem;
using this method, after the separation of one or a plurality of thin boards, the thickness of the square timber that remains is measured and an attempt is then made to so change the setting of ~, those machine parameters that are relative to the cutting thickness that the remaining square timber can be divided as evenly as possible between the remaining number of thin boards that are to be produced from it, so that no usable residual board is left over. The philosophy that underlies this method has as its objective the division of a square timber into usable thin boards as completely as possible and without any loss, although possible deviations in the thickness of the board that are produced have to be accepted. Within certain limits, this is acceptable in the case of methods in which, after the drying process that follows the cutting process, the boards then have to be reduced to equal thickness because of the dimensional changes that the wood undergoes. In this method, it is important that the result obtained from measuring the residual square timber is the single factor that is considered with respect to the further division of one or, in the best case, of a specific group from square timbers, the processing of which was begun under identical conditions. It is preferred that this method be used only with cutter machines or a series of a small number of cutter machines, for example, two machines, in which the thickness of the square timber is measured once it has passed through one or a small group of cutter machines, so that it can then be further divided when it passes through the cutting system once again. When this method is used, there is, as a rule, sufficient time to reset the cutter machines as the square timber is returning to the start, so that the square timber can be re-worked under these new conditions.
The situation is somewhat different in the case of a longer series of cutter machines in which the square timber is to be completely divided into thin boards in one pass. In particular, when processing relatively short square timbers, as is the case when manufacturing parquet laminate, on the one hand, the _ processing speed is so high that it is no longer possible to use the results obtained from measuring the thickness of the residual square timber at the output of a cutter machine to correct the settings of the following cutter machines. For this reason, one follows a different route in the case of such installations, and this is described in DE 42 44 310 C1.
In order to avoid a residual board that is too small remaining at the end of the division process, given that the cut thickness cannot be precisely predicted, and which can lead to handling difficulties in the plant, it has been proposed that square starting timber that is of a greater thickness than the combined thickness of the boards that are to be produced from it be used.
In this way, after a square timber has passed through the sequence of cutter machines, as a rule a residual board that is greater than the nominal thickness will be left over. In order to ensure that this board can also be used, the invention that is described in DE 42 44 310 C1 makes provision such that a machine to reduce the thickness of the residual board by removing material from it is installed after the series of cutter machines. This processing of the residual board, which does not conform to the method, is provided to avoid the control problems that are occasioned by the short throughput time and which are insoluble in such an installation for the division of a square timber without any loss.
It has now been shown that, in particular when manufacturing parquet laminate, that the variations in thickness, brought about by the product as well as by the machinery, that occur when dividing square timbers by cutting can lead to difficulties during subsequent processing if-- as in the case of cut laminates--thickness processing of the laminates after drying is as far as possible to be avoided only in the top layer of the -product, so that this secondary processing alone is used as the concluding surface processing of the product that is already glued up.
For this reason, it is the task of the present invention to ensure that in a method of this kind the laminates or thin boards that leave the cutter machines are of a highly consistent thickness.
Proceeding from a prior art as described in DE 40 26 346 A1, this problem has been solved according to the present invention by the distinguishing features set out in Patent Claim 1, insofar as a method is concerned, and by the distinguishing features set out in Patent Claim 7 for a corresponding installation.
The present invention varies from the former objective, namely, to convert the residual thickness measured with respect to a square timber into steps to further divide this square timber.
The principal objective is to determine the exact thickness of the thin boards that are produced in each cutter machine. Should the thickness of the boards produced in one cutter machine vary from the nominal thickness, then, assuming that wood having identical parameters is processed in one production run, the parameters that are relevant to thickness and that apply to this cutter machine--as a rule the distance of the blade from the supporting surface for the square timber--are so corrected that when thin boards are separated off from the next square timber, as far as possible boards that are of the nominal thickness or of a thickness that is within given tolerances are produced.
Such a method is particularly advantageous if, following a series of cutter machines that are intended to it divide a square timber completely in one pass, there is an apparatus, in particular a .~
thickness planer, to reduce the thickness of the residual board that leaves the last machine, and which does this by removing material from said board. In this case, too, every effort should be made to obtain a residual board that is thicker than the nominal thickness of a board that is to be produced so that it is still possible to process this board in a thickness planer that removes material from it.
Actually, however, the manner in which this residual square timber is to be further processed is to be decided by determining the thickness of the residual square timber prior to the last cutting process that is incorporated. Should a residual board that is of a thickness that is less than a specific critical value be left over from the last cutting process that is used, there is a danger that such a residual square timber can no longer be adequately guided and advanced by the cutter machine during the operation that separates the last board. If, for this reason, there is at the output of a specific cutter machine a residual board whose thickness lies between the nominal thickness of one board and the nominal thickness of a second board, this board can only be subjected to an additional cutting process if the thickness of the residual square timber is greater than a thickness Dx that is governed by the machine. If the thickness of the residual square timber or residual board is less than Dx, this residual board must be passed directly to the thickness planer that is incorporated down the line. If the thickness of the residual square timber is greater than Dx, but as a rule less than the thickness D2 of two boards, the residual square timber will be subjected to an additional cutting process, in which instance the residual board that results is to be rejected through an out-gate because its thickness is less than the nominal thickness of a board that is to be produced. The occurrence of such a situation should be avoided as far as possible although in such a case, it is preferred that a thickness planer be preceded by a mechanical switch that can remove residual boards that are not acceptable from the line process.
While the number of cutter machines in an installation in which a square timber is meant to be divided completely into thin boards in one pass does not necessarily have to be equal to the number of boards that are to be produced from a square timber, it is preferred that the installation be so configured that at least one or a plurality of the cutter machines be configured to permit the passage of a square timber without the separation of a board, or such that a residual square timber can move past one or a plurality of cutter machines along a bypass feed path.
The sequence of the cutting process described herein is preferably incorporated into an overall process sequence in which, after the cutting process, the cut thin boards are dried to a specific terminal moisture content and then used as the top layer for a laminated product, in particular a floor covering, in which a top layer made up of the laminates is glued under pressure to sub-layers of a specific thickness, for example, sawn wood bars, chipboard, or the like. After drying, the side edges of the laminates can, if necessary, be finished, although it is preferred that their thickness remain as produced. This eliminates the need for a thickness processing stage. As discussed heretofore, the surface of the laminate top layer is finished on the product that has already been glued up. The possibility of adjusting the thickness of the laminates by grinding once they have dried but before any further processing saves both material and grinding resources.
-It should be remembered that boards of equal thickness do not always have to be produced in a series of cutter machines. The method according to the present invention makes provision such that, in particular when dividing a square timber in one pass through a series of cutter machines thin boards of different thickness can be produced in the individual cutter machines. In this case, it is preferred that the thickest board that is desired be produced in the last cutter machine or cutter machines of a series, since this reduces the difficulties associated with handling the residual square timber in the cutter machine.
It is preferred that the thickness of the laminates produced in each cutter machine be determined by forming a differential from thickness measurements of the (residual) square timbers as they enter and as they leave a cutter machine. Since, in a preferred embodiment of the process, it is expedient to measure the residual square timbers in the area of the last of a series of cutter machine in each instance so as to arrive at a determination with respect to the way in which they are to be further processed, it is practical to provide for differential measurement at least in this area. It can be both problematic and costly to effect such thickness measurements on the separated boards themselves since newly produced boards may be considered for rejection because they are curved and or twisted, with the result that it cannot always be ensured that the surface of the board is oriented so as to be precisely perpendicular to the direction in which the measurement probe acts at the point of measurement. Orientation machines for the boards are not always used. In addition, as a rule it is best not to hinder the boards with respect to their ability to move laterally during separation and thereafter, so that measuring devices that are intended to measure the boards at a specific short distance from their outer edge will not always pick up certain boards. Precise guidance -devices for the separated boards would require additional investment, which is not necessary for other reasons.
It is preferred that thickness measurements be made in the area of the conveyors that are provided for guiding the (residual) square timbers. It is preferred that thickness measurement systems that are based on the laser principle be used. It is also preferred that thickness measurements be made at locations where the thickness of the container, for example a conveyor belt, is not included in such measurements. In the case of conveyor belts, for example, the belt can be made narrower than the width of the square timber, so that these timbers preferably project beyond each side of the conveyor belt and that the measurements be made at such locations; it is preferred that in each instance two measurements be made at a distance from both side edges of the material on the conveyor. The measurement point can also be arranged at a point where the conveyor is interrupted. When a conveyor belt is used, such a break point can be made in that the conveyor belt moves away from the material on the belt over deflector rollers for a short time, and is subsequently reunited with the material. The transition point from one conveyor to another can also be used for this purpose.
Additional features of the present invention are described in greater detail on the basis of the embodiments that are shown diagrammatically in Figures 1 to 4. These drawings show the following:
Figure 1: An installation with one cutter machine and square timber that is circulated through it;
Figure 2: An installation with cutter machines arranged in series, based on a single pass;
igure 3: A detail of the conveyor belt in the vicinity of a thickness measuring device;
Figure 4: An alternative to Figure 3.
The principal component of the system shown in Figure 1, which is used to produce parquet panels, is the cutter machine 1, through which a square timber or parquet molding or the residual timber 5 is processed until it has been completely divided. When this is done, the conveyor path 6 is followed. In addition, the installation includes a thickness planer 2, a heating tunnel 3, and two thickness measuring devices 4.0 and 4.1. The thickness of the parquet molding or of the residual timber 5 is measured prior to and after the separation of a parquet panel. The actual thickness of the parquet panels is calculated from the difference between these measured values; the panels are removed from the installation at the point numbered 7. The cut thickness setting of the cutter machine is corrected should the actual thickness deviate from the nominal thickness D
Should measurements made after the cutter machine 1 show that the thickness S of the residual timber is greater than or equal to twice the nominal thickness D of the parquet panel, a further pass or cutting process is completed. Should the thickness S of the residual timber be less than 2D but greater than Dx, with Dx greater than D, the residual timber 5 is returned once again to the cutter machine 1 and the resulting residual board of thickness (Dx-D) is rejected. If the thickness S of the residual timber is smaller than Dx, the residual timber 5 is delivered to the thickness planer 2 and material is removed from it until it is of nominal thickness D. The value Dx is selected as a function of the machine parameters and the type of wood, such that a residual board of thickness (Dx-D) can still be handled and processed by the cutting machine 1 without any problems. The -finished parquet panel leaves the installation at the point numbered 7.2, and the chips are removed from it at the location numbered 9. In the event that the thickness S of the residual timber is exactly equal to D, then one has a parquet panel that is of the correct dimensions, and this is removed from the installation at the location numbered 7.1. If measurement reveals that the thickness S of the residual timber is less than D, the residual timber is removed at 8 as scrap. Once a parquet molding has been completely processed, a new piece ls taken from the heating tunnel 3 into the cutter machine 1, when the required control signals are also based on the thickness measurement at 4.2. More expediently, there are always several residual timbers 5 in circulation in order that optimal use can be made of the cutter machine 1.
In the installation that is shown at Figure 2, the parquet panels are manufactured in a single pass of the parquet molding or residual timber 5, when n cutter machines and a thickness planer 2 are required to manufacture n + 1 parquet panels from a parquet molding. Only three cutter machines are shown, the first 1.1, one optional intermediate stage l.i and the last l.n. The associated thickness measurement devices are accordingly shown as 4.1, 4.i and 4.n. An additional thickness measuring devices 4.0 is also provided, and this is used to determine the thickness of the parquet molding before it enters the first cutter machine 1.1.
The parquet panels are removed from the installation at 7.1, 7.i, and 7.n. The last parquet panel 5a is removed from the thickness planer 2, and this is done regardless of whether the last thickness S of the residual timber is greater than or of equal size to D. In the latter case, the thickness is not reduced by the removal of material. The removal of the chips takes place at 9 and the removal of the residual timbers that are of a thickness of less than D takes place at 8, in the form of waste. Fresh ._ parquet molding is taken from the heating tunnel 3 and moved to the first cutter machine 1.1. For the remainder, the additional processing of the residual timbers 5 is effected as a function of the thickness measurement, and this is done, in principle, as has already been described in connection with the installation shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a cross section perpendicular to the direction of movement. The parquet molding or residual timber 5 is wider than the conveyor belt 10, so that thickness measurement can be effected by the thickness measuring system 4.0, 4.1 that consists of the sender unit 4a and the receiver unit 4b, at the side of the conveyor belt 10. The conveyor belt 10, on which parquet molding or residual timber 5 is moved from right to left (as indicated by the arrow), is guided over the rollers 11, 12, 13 in such a way that an area is left in which the receiver unit 4b can be installed and in which interference-free measurements can be made.
The production of thin boards from a square timber by cutting and without the removal of any chips is already known. It is also known that when using this method, the thickness of the thin boards that are produced cannot be predetermined relatively precisely as compared to the case when such boards are sawn from preferably dry wood, since when the cutting method is used, the wood is processed when wet and preferably also when heated, so that various parameters that apply to the wood as well as parameters that apply to the machine can affect the thickness of the board that is produced.
These facts mean that in the case of the complete division of square timber of a specific thickness from which it is intended to produce a number of thin boards, the total thickness of which is equal to the thickness of the square timber, the thickness of the final board that is left over may not be of the intended thickness, with the result that it has to be discarded unless additional steps are taken.
DE 40 26 346 A1 describes a method that solves this problem;
using this method, after the separation of one or a plurality of thin boards, the thickness of the square timber that remains is measured and an attempt is then made to so change the setting of ~, those machine parameters that are relative to the cutting thickness that the remaining square timber can be divided as evenly as possible between the remaining number of thin boards that are to be produced from it, so that no usable residual board is left over. The philosophy that underlies this method has as its objective the division of a square timber into usable thin boards as completely as possible and without any loss, although possible deviations in the thickness of the board that are produced have to be accepted. Within certain limits, this is acceptable in the case of methods in which, after the drying process that follows the cutting process, the boards then have to be reduced to equal thickness because of the dimensional changes that the wood undergoes. In this method, it is important that the result obtained from measuring the residual square timber is the single factor that is considered with respect to the further division of one or, in the best case, of a specific group from square timbers, the processing of which was begun under identical conditions. It is preferred that this method be used only with cutter machines or a series of a small number of cutter machines, for example, two machines, in which the thickness of the square timber is measured once it has passed through one or a small group of cutter machines, so that it can then be further divided when it passes through the cutting system once again. When this method is used, there is, as a rule, sufficient time to reset the cutter machines as the square timber is returning to the start, so that the square timber can be re-worked under these new conditions.
The situation is somewhat different in the case of a longer series of cutter machines in which the square timber is to be completely divided into thin boards in one pass. In particular, when processing relatively short square timbers, as is the case when manufacturing parquet laminate, on the one hand, the _ processing speed is so high that it is no longer possible to use the results obtained from measuring the thickness of the residual square timber at the output of a cutter machine to correct the settings of the following cutter machines. For this reason, one follows a different route in the case of such installations, and this is described in DE 42 44 310 C1.
In order to avoid a residual board that is too small remaining at the end of the division process, given that the cut thickness cannot be precisely predicted, and which can lead to handling difficulties in the plant, it has been proposed that square starting timber that is of a greater thickness than the combined thickness of the boards that are to be produced from it be used.
In this way, after a square timber has passed through the sequence of cutter machines, as a rule a residual board that is greater than the nominal thickness will be left over. In order to ensure that this board can also be used, the invention that is described in DE 42 44 310 C1 makes provision such that a machine to reduce the thickness of the residual board by removing material from it is installed after the series of cutter machines. This processing of the residual board, which does not conform to the method, is provided to avoid the control problems that are occasioned by the short throughput time and which are insoluble in such an installation for the division of a square timber without any loss.
It has now been shown that, in particular when manufacturing parquet laminate, that the variations in thickness, brought about by the product as well as by the machinery, that occur when dividing square timbers by cutting can lead to difficulties during subsequent processing if-- as in the case of cut laminates--thickness processing of the laminates after drying is as far as possible to be avoided only in the top layer of the -product, so that this secondary processing alone is used as the concluding surface processing of the product that is already glued up.
For this reason, it is the task of the present invention to ensure that in a method of this kind the laminates or thin boards that leave the cutter machines are of a highly consistent thickness.
Proceeding from a prior art as described in DE 40 26 346 A1, this problem has been solved according to the present invention by the distinguishing features set out in Patent Claim 1, insofar as a method is concerned, and by the distinguishing features set out in Patent Claim 7 for a corresponding installation.
The present invention varies from the former objective, namely, to convert the residual thickness measured with respect to a square timber into steps to further divide this square timber.
The principal objective is to determine the exact thickness of the thin boards that are produced in each cutter machine. Should the thickness of the boards produced in one cutter machine vary from the nominal thickness, then, assuming that wood having identical parameters is processed in one production run, the parameters that are relevant to thickness and that apply to this cutter machine--as a rule the distance of the blade from the supporting surface for the square timber--are so corrected that when thin boards are separated off from the next square timber, as far as possible boards that are of the nominal thickness or of a thickness that is within given tolerances are produced.
Such a method is particularly advantageous if, following a series of cutter machines that are intended to it divide a square timber completely in one pass, there is an apparatus, in particular a .~
thickness planer, to reduce the thickness of the residual board that leaves the last machine, and which does this by removing material from said board. In this case, too, every effort should be made to obtain a residual board that is thicker than the nominal thickness of a board that is to be produced so that it is still possible to process this board in a thickness planer that removes material from it.
Actually, however, the manner in which this residual square timber is to be further processed is to be decided by determining the thickness of the residual square timber prior to the last cutting process that is incorporated. Should a residual board that is of a thickness that is less than a specific critical value be left over from the last cutting process that is used, there is a danger that such a residual square timber can no longer be adequately guided and advanced by the cutter machine during the operation that separates the last board. If, for this reason, there is at the output of a specific cutter machine a residual board whose thickness lies between the nominal thickness of one board and the nominal thickness of a second board, this board can only be subjected to an additional cutting process if the thickness of the residual square timber is greater than a thickness Dx that is governed by the machine. If the thickness of the residual square timber or residual board is less than Dx, this residual board must be passed directly to the thickness planer that is incorporated down the line. If the thickness of the residual square timber is greater than Dx, but as a rule less than the thickness D2 of two boards, the residual square timber will be subjected to an additional cutting process, in which instance the residual board that results is to be rejected through an out-gate because its thickness is less than the nominal thickness of a board that is to be produced. The occurrence of such a situation should be avoided as far as possible although in such a case, it is preferred that a thickness planer be preceded by a mechanical switch that can remove residual boards that are not acceptable from the line process.
While the number of cutter machines in an installation in which a square timber is meant to be divided completely into thin boards in one pass does not necessarily have to be equal to the number of boards that are to be produced from a square timber, it is preferred that the installation be so configured that at least one or a plurality of the cutter machines be configured to permit the passage of a square timber without the separation of a board, or such that a residual square timber can move past one or a plurality of cutter machines along a bypass feed path.
The sequence of the cutting process described herein is preferably incorporated into an overall process sequence in which, after the cutting process, the cut thin boards are dried to a specific terminal moisture content and then used as the top layer for a laminated product, in particular a floor covering, in which a top layer made up of the laminates is glued under pressure to sub-layers of a specific thickness, for example, sawn wood bars, chipboard, or the like. After drying, the side edges of the laminates can, if necessary, be finished, although it is preferred that their thickness remain as produced. This eliminates the need for a thickness processing stage. As discussed heretofore, the surface of the laminate top layer is finished on the product that has already been glued up. The possibility of adjusting the thickness of the laminates by grinding once they have dried but before any further processing saves both material and grinding resources.
-It should be remembered that boards of equal thickness do not always have to be produced in a series of cutter machines. The method according to the present invention makes provision such that, in particular when dividing a square timber in one pass through a series of cutter machines thin boards of different thickness can be produced in the individual cutter machines. In this case, it is preferred that the thickest board that is desired be produced in the last cutter machine or cutter machines of a series, since this reduces the difficulties associated with handling the residual square timber in the cutter machine.
It is preferred that the thickness of the laminates produced in each cutter machine be determined by forming a differential from thickness measurements of the (residual) square timbers as they enter and as they leave a cutter machine. Since, in a preferred embodiment of the process, it is expedient to measure the residual square timbers in the area of the last of a series of cutter machine in each instance so as to arrive at a determination with respect to the way in which they are to be further processed, it is practical to provide for differential measurement at least in this area. It can be both problematic and costly to effect such thickness measurements on the separated boards themselves since newly produced boards may be considered for rejection because they are curved and or twisted, with the result that it cannot always be ensured that the surface of the board is oriented so as to be precisely perpendicular to the direction in which the measurement probe acts at the point of measurement. Orientation machines for the boards are not always used. In addition, as a rule it is best not to hinder the boards with respect to their ability to move laterally during separation and thereafter, so that measuring devices that are intended to measure the boards at a specific short distance from their outer edge will not always pick up certain boards. Precise guidance -devices for the separated boards would require additional investment, which is not necessary for other reasons.
It is preferred that thickness measurements be made in the area of the conveyors that are provided for guiding the (residual) square timbers. It is preferred that thickness measurement systems that are based on the laser principle be used. It is also preferred that thickness measurements be made at locations where the thickness of the container, for example a conveyor belt, is not included in such measurements. In the case of conveyor belts, for example, the belt can be made narrower than the width of the square timber, so that these timbers preferably project beyond each side of the conveyor belt and that the measurements be made at such locations; it is preferred that in each instance two measurements be made at a distance from both side edges of the material on the conveyor. The measurement point can also be arranged at a point where the conveyor is interrupted. When a conveyor belt is used, such a break point can be made in that the conveyor belt moves away from the material on the belt over deflector rollers for a short time, and is subsequently reunited with the material. The transition point from one conveyor to another can also be used for this purpose.
Additional features of the present invention are described in greater detail on the basis of the embodiments that are shown diagrammatically in Figures 1 to 4. These drawings show the following:
Figure 1: An installation with one cutter machine and square timber that is circulated through it;
Figure 2: An installation with cutter machines arranged in series, based on a single pass;
igure 3: A detail of the conveyor belt in the vicinity of a thickness measuring device;
Figure 4: An alternative to Figure 3.
The principal component of the system shown in Figure 1, which is used to produce parquet panels, is the cutter machine 1, through which a square timber or parquet molding or the residual timber 5 is processed until it has been completely divided. When this is done, the conveyor path 6 is followed. In addition, the installation includes a thickness planer 2, a heating tunnel 3, and two thickness measuring devices 4.0 and 4.1. The thickness of the parquet molding or of the residual timber 5 is measured prior to and after the separation of a parquet panel. The actual thickness of the parquet panels is calculated from the difference between these measured values; the panels are removed from the installation at the point numbered 7. The cut thickness setting of the cutter machine is corrected should the actual thickness deviate from the nominal thickness D
Should measurements made after the cutter machine 1 show that the thickness S of the residual timber is greater than or equal to twice the nominal thickness D of the parquet panel, a further pass or cutting process is completed. Should the thickness S of the residual timber be less than 2D but greater than Dx, with Dx greater than D, the residual timber 5 is returned once again to the cutter machine 1 and the resulting residual board of thickness (Dx-D) is rejected. If the thickness S of the residual timber is smaller than Dx, the residual timber 5 is delivered to the thickness planer 2 and material is removed from it until it is of nominal thickness D. The value Dx is selected as a function of the machine parameters and the type of wood, such that a residual board of thickness (Dx-D) can still be handled and processed by the cutting machine 1 without any problems. The -finished parquet panel leaves the installation at the point numbered 7.2, and the chips are removed from it at the location numbered 9. In the event that the thickness S of the residual timber is exactly equal to D, then one has a parquet panel that is of the correct dimensions, and this is removed from the installation at the location numbered 7.1. If measurement reveals that the thickness S of the residual timber is less than D, the residual timber is removed at 8 as scrap. Once a parquet molding has been completely processed, a new piece ls taken from the heating tunnel 3 into the cutter machine 1, when the required control signals are also based on the thickness measurement at 4.2. More expediently, there are always several residual timbers 5 in circulation in order that optimal use can be made of the cutter machine 1.
In the installation that is shown at Figure 2, the parquet panels are manufactured in a single pass of the parquet molding or residual timber 5, when n cutter machines and a thickness planer 2 are required to manufacture n + 1 parquet panels from a parquet molding. Only three cutter machines are shown, the first 1.1, one optional intermediate stage l.i and the last l.n. The associated thickness measurement devices are accordingly shown as 4.1, 4.i and 4.n. An additional thickness measuring devices 4.0 is also provided, and this is used to determine the thickness of the parquet molding before it enters the first cutter machine 1.1.
The parquet panels are removed from the installation at 7.1, 7.i, and 7.n. The last parquet panel 5a is removed from the thickness planer 2, and this is done regardless of whether the last thickness S of the residual timber is greater than or of equal size to D. In the latter case, the thickness is not reduced by the removal of material. The removal of the chips takes place at 9 and the removal of the residual timbers that are of a thickness of less than D takes place at 8, in the form of waste. Fresh ._ parquet molding is taken from the heating tunnel 3 and moved to the first cutter machine 1.1. For the remainder, the additional processing of the residual timbers 5 is effected as a function of the thickness measurement, and this is done, in principle, as has already been described in connection with the installation shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a cross section perpendicular to the direction of movement. The parquet molding or residual timber 5 is wider than the conveyor belt 10, so that thickness measurement can be effected by the thickness measuring system 4.0, 4.1 that consists of the sender unit 4a and the receiver unit 4b, at the side of the conveyor belt 10. The conveyor belt 10, on which parquet molding or residual timber 5 is moved from right to left (as indicated by the arrow), is guided over the rollers 11, 12, 13 in such a way that an area is left in which the receiver unit 4b can be installed and in which interference-free measurements can be made.
Claims (15)
1. A method for manufacturing thin boards, in particular parquet laminates, from a square timber by repeated separation of a thin board from the square timber, without the formation of chips, in a cutter machine or in a series of cutter machines that are arranged one after the other, and by repeated passage of the residual square timber that is not yet completely divided into thin boards through the cutter machine(s), in particular in a series of cutting machines that are arranged one after the other, in which the square timber is divided into thin boards in one pass, the square timber being moved against a generally stationary blade to separate a thin board, in each instance in the longitudinal direction in which its fibers are oriented, and in which at least one thickness measurement is effected during the passage of the square timber through the cutting machine(s), characterized in that the thickness of the thin boards produced in each individual cutting machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is determined individually, the measured actual value of the thickness of the boards from one cutting machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is compared with the nominal value of the thickness of the thin boards that are to be produced from these cutter machines (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), a signal being obtained from a deviation from the nominal value of the thickness and used to correct the blade settings of the particular cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) that are relevant to thickness for separation of thin boards from the following square timbers.
2. A method as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that the determination of the actual thickness of the thin boards produced in a cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is determined as a difference in the thickness of the (residual) timber (5) prior to and after the separation of a thin board.
3. A method as defined in Claim 2, characterized in that a residual timber (5), whose measured actual thickness is in the range above the nominal thickness D of a board that is to be produced and beneath a specific thickness Dx, which in its turn lies beneath the total nominal thickness 2D of two boards that are to be produced, are removed from the cutter process and their thickness is reduced to the nominal thickness D by a chip-removing process; and in that a residual timber (5) whose measured actual thickness lies between Dx and 2D is subjected to an additional cutting process and the resulting residual board is rejected, the thickness Dx or the difference between the thicknesses (Dx-D) is used as an installation-dependent variable.
4. A method as defined in at least one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in order to correct the blade settings that are relevant to cut thickness, based on the thickness deviation of the measured thin boards that are produced from the nominal thickness D, use is made of a control and regulating system in which a relationship of the blade adjustment and the board thickness can calculated for a specific wood type and/or a specific condition of the wood, or which is capable of learning such that when correcting the adjustment of the blade it takes the effect of earlier corrections into account.
5. A method as defined in one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thickness of the thin boards or residual timbers (5) is measured by means of laser radiation.
6. A method as defined in Claim 5, characterized in that measurements are taken for every thin board or residual timber (5), in each instance in two areas that are at a distance from the outer long edges of the thin boards or residual timber (5).
7. An installation for cut-type separation, without the generation of chips, of thin boards from a square timber (5), with a cutter machine (1) or a series of cutter machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n), means to guide the square timber to the cutter machine(s) (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), optionally with means to guide the square timber from one cutting machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) to the following one, and means to remove a residual board that cannot be further divided after the cutter machine (1) or after a cutter machine in the series of cutter machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n), means (7.1, 7. i, 7.n) to withdraw a separated board from each cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) and, optionally, with means to return a residual timber (5) from the output of one or of the last of a series of cutter machines (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) ahead of the or one of the preceding cutter machine(s) (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), when the number of cutter machines (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) is smaller than the number of thin boards that are to be produced from a square timber, and with at least one thickness measuring system (4.0, 4,1, n, 1 (4n) after the cutter machine (1) or after the last (1.n) of a series of cutter machines (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) and for measuring the thickness of the residual timber that leaves this cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), and a control system for the adjustment of the blade position(s) of the cutter machine(s) (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) as a function of the measurement results from at least one of the thickness measuring systems (4.0, 4.1, 4.i, 4.n), characterized in that an additional thickness measuring system (4.0, 4.1, 4.i, 4.n) is associated with each cutting machine, this being arranged either at its intake to measure a square timber that is delivered to the cutter machine or on the means to withdraw a separated board for measuring a separated board; and in that the control system is configured so as to compare the actual thickness of the thin board that is produced at each customer machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) with a nominal thickness (D) of the thin boards that are to be produced in the particular cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n), in order that in the event that the actual value differs from the nominal value, the blade parameters that are relevant to thickness and that apply to this particular cutter machine (1, 1.1, 1.i, 1.n) can be varied in an appropriate manner for the following machine.
8. An installation has defined in Claim 7, characterized in that a device for reducing the thickness of the residual board by the removal of chips, in particular a thickness planer (2), follows the means to remove a residual board that can no longer be divided by cutting from one cutting machine (1) or from the last in the series of cutting machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n).
9. An installation has defined in Claim 8, characterized in that between the one cutting machine (1) or the last in the series of cutting machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n) and the thickness planer (2) for secondary processing of the residual board by the removal of chips there is a mechanical switch (8) to eject residual boards that are not of the thickness required for a thin board that is to be produced.
10. An installation as defined in at least one of the Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that in a series of cutter machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n) one or a plurality of the cutter machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n) are configured so as to compare the actual permit a residual timber (5) to pass without separation of a thin board from it, or such that bypass means with which a residual timber (5) can be moved past the particular cutting machine (1.1, 1.i, 1.n) are associated with one or a plurality of the cutting machines (1.1, 1.i, 1.n).
11. An installation as defined in at least one of the Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the thickness measuring systems (4.0, 4.1, 4.i, 4.n) are laser-type devices.
12. An installation as defined in a t least one of the Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that thickness measurement systems (4.0, 4.1, 4.i, 4.n) are arranged on the means to guide the (residual) timber (5).
13. An installation as defined in Claim 12, in which the guidance means are conveyor belts (10), characterized in that the conveyor belts (10) are narrower at the point where thickness measurements are made than the residual timber (5) or board that are carried by them, and the thickness measurement probes (sender unit 4a, receiver unit 4b) are so arranged that they measure the (residual) timber (5) or board at a point at which this is not lying on the conveyor belt (10).
14. An installation as defined in Claim 13, characterized in that the thickness measuring probes (sender 4a, receiver unit 4b) are arranged at a break point in the guidance means.
15. An installation as defined in Claim 14, in which the guidance means are conveyor belts, characterized in that the break point is a point at which the conveyor belt (10) is moved anyway from the material that is being conveyed through a diversion system (11, 12, 13).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19509653.3-15 | 1995-03-17 | ||
| DE19509653A DE19509653C1 (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1995-03-17 | Parquet strip mfg. process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2171508A1 true CA2171508A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
Family
ID=7756916
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002171508A Abandoned CA2171508A1 (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-03-11 | Method for manufacturing thin boards, in particular parquet laminates |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0732180B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0985712A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE194791T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2171508A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19509653C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29703542U1 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1997-04-17 | Große, Dieter, 27386 Bothel | Template for milling of lamellas and / or segments made with them, in particular floor coverings |
| DE102009019512A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2010-10-28 | GreCon Dimter Holzoptimierung Süd GmbH & Co. KG | Plant for the production of slabs of wood laths and process for the production of such slabs |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4026346A1 (en) * | 1989-11-01 | 1991-05-02 | Linck Masch Gatterlinck | METHOD FOR SPANLESS SPLITING OF A QUANTITY WOOD IN BOARDS OF THE SAME THICKNESS |
| JPH0698606B2 (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1994-12-07 | 株式会社丸仲鉄工所 | Substrate cutting device and substrate cutting method |
| DE4244310C1 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1993-10-28 | Linck Masch Gatterlinck | Method for cutting squared piece of timber into thin planks - involves squared timber piece whose thickness vertical to cutting plane of blade is greater than sum of thicknesses of whole number of planks of predetermined thickness |
-
1995
- 1995-03-17 DE DE19509653A patent/DE19509653C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 EP EP96103619A patent/EP0732180B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 AT AT96103619T patent/ATE194791T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-08 DE DE59605614T patent/DE59605614D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 CA CA002171508A patent/CA2171508A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-18 JP JP8088739A patent/JPH0985712A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0732180A3 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| ATE194791T1 (en) | 2000-08-15 |
| EP0732180B1 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| DE19509653C1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
| JPH0985712A (en) | 1997-03-31 |
| EP0732180A2 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| DE59605614D1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |