CA2168151A1 - Method of jointing members and a jointing structure - Google Patents
Method of jointing members and a jointing structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA2168151A1 CA2168151A1 CA 2168151 CA2168151A CA2168151A1 CA 2168151 A1 CA2168151 A1 CA 2168151A1 CA 2168151 CA2168151 CA 2168151 CA 2168151 A CA2168151 A CA 2168151A CA 2168151 A1 CA2168151 A1 CA 2168151A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- jointing
- bag body
- members
- recessed portion
- jointed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A method of jointing members and a jointing structure capable of simplifying the jointing operation and facilitating jointing of members firmly without exposing jointed portions on jointing surfaces of the members. A recessed portion is formed in the jointing surface of one member and a bag body made of a flexible material is attached to the jointing surface of the other member wherein the jointing surfaces of both members are brought into contact with each other while the bag body is inserted into the recessed portion and a filler is introduced into and fills the bag body so as to expand the bag body into a shape corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the recessed portion. Tensile strength is generated in the bag body that has been expanded by the fillers in the jointing direction, whereby both members can be firmly jointed with each other while they are fastened by the filled bag body. Concave and convex portions or stages are provided on the jointing surfaces, thereby resisting a shearing force.
Description
SPECIFICATION
METHOD OF JOINIrING M~MRERS AND A JOINTING STRUCTURE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to a method of jointing members and a joint;ng structure adapted for use in jointing body members such as a concrete block and other various members.
METHOD OF JOINIrING M~MRERS AND A JOINTING STRUCTURE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to a method of jointing members and a joint;ng structure adapted for use in jointing body members such as a concrete block and other various members.
2. Prior Art:
In enh~ncing construction efficiency at a construction site, commerci~li7.~t;on of various members formed in a factory has been recently promoted in the construction industry. When the members which have been commercialized in the factory are jointed with each other in the construction site, the members are usually jointed physically with each other such as by using metal pieces, etc. since stress is applied to the jointing portions of the members, and hence they are hardly jointed by adhesive.
Such a prior art jointing means which llt;li7e-1 the physical jointing method is strong in the jointing strength provided between the members but it has a problem in that the aesthetic appearance is undesirable because the jointed portions of the members are exposed on the surface of the jointed members. Furthermore, since metal pieces are used individually for jointing the members in the manner such that they are engaged with or screwed with each other, this causes the problem in that the jointin~ operation is troublesome and many operators are required.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art jointing method and jointing structure as mentioned above and the object of the present invention is to provide a method of jointing members and a jointing structure which is simple in jointing operation and the members can be jointed physicaily with each other while the jointed portions are not exposed on the surface of the jointed members.
To achieve the above objects, according to a first aspect of the invention, in a method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises A method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointin~ surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises the steps of forming a recessed portion in the jointing surface of the first member, integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member, the bag body being arranged to correspond the rece~sell portion, bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is inserted into the recessed portion, and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
According to a second aspect of the invention, in a method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointinE
surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing su*aces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises the steps of forming a recessed portion having an entrance in the jointing surface of the first member, integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member in an ~ccommodated condition, the bag body being arranged to correspond to the recessed portion, bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is positioned in the entrance of the recessed portion, and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to ç~p~n-l the bag body in the reces.se~ portion, whereby the first and secon-1 members are jointed with each other.
According to a third aspect of the invention, a jointing structure comprises first and second members which have respective jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the first member having a recessed portion formed therein, the second ember having a bag body made of a flexible material attached to the jointing surface thereof, the bag body disposed within the recessed portion when the fist and second members are jointed together and having a filler injected into the bag body, the bag body being exp~ntle(3 by the filler to form a jointing portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other at the join~inE portion.
Further, concave and convex portions may be formed on the jointing surfaces of the first and second members to be engaged with each other.
The jointing surfaces of the first and second members may be formed at both sides of the stages thereof. The concave and convex portions are formed on the jointing surfaces at both sides of the stages thereof to be engaged with each. Further, external contact surfaces are provided on at least one side of the jointing surfaces on which the jointing portions are formed.
According to the aforementioned methods of jointing the members of the present invention, if both members are positioned relative to each other at their jointing surfaces and the filler is forced into and fills the bag body formed in the other member so as to e~p~ncl the bag body along the inner peripheral shape of the recessed portion formed in one member, tensile strength is generated in the bag body in the direction of the jointing surface. Both memhers are jointed with each other while they are f~t~ne-l with each other by this tRnsile strength According to the thus obtained jointed structure, the recessed portion and the bag body are respectively embedded into both members and both members are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by the tensile strength of the bag body.
Further, if the concave and convex portions and the stages are formed on the jointing surfaces of the first and second members, the first and second members are easily positioned relative to each other when undert~king construction, and the first and second members are prevented from being slid after the construction is undertaken, thereby preventing le~k~e of water. The jointing structure having the external contact surfaces at least one side of the jointing surfaces also has the same effect as that having the concave and convex portions and the stages thereon, namely, it can assure easy positioning, prevent the sliding, and ~. event leakage of water.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an exploded cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a first embodiment of the invention;
_ 21 681 51 Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the other member in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are positioned relative to each other in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. l;
Fig. 5 is an exploded cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member and that of the other m~mher in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is an exploded cross sectional perspect*e view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member accol~ling to a fourth embo~iment of the invention;
Fig. 10 is a cross sectional perspective view of the other member to be c~mhine-l with one member of Fig. 9;
Fig 11 is a cross sectional view of both members in Figs. 9 and 10 where they are jointed with each other;
Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view of a main portion expl~ining a modification of the fourth embodiment as shown in Figs. 9 through 11;
Fig. 13 is a partially cross sectional view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member showing the state where they are -positioned relative to each other according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 14 is a cross sectional perspective view of main portions of both mf~mhers showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig.
13;
Fig. 15 is a cross sectional perspective view of main portions of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 16 is a cross sectional perspective view expl~ining a modification of Fig 15;
Fig. 17 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a first modified jointing member according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 18 is a cross sectional view showing a jointinE state where one m~mher is jointed with the other member in Fig. 17;
Fig. 19 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of a second modified jointing member to be attached to the other member;
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of a main portion of a bag body to be used in the jointing member in Fig. 19;
Fig. 21 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a third modified jointing member;
Fig. 22 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a fourth modified jointing member;
Fig. 23 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a fifth modified jointing member;
Figs. 24(a) and 24(b) are exploded perspective views showing a first concrete application for jointing body members of box-shaped culverts to which the present invention is applied, wherein the body members are viewed in different directions;
Fig. 25 is a view showing a ~rst example for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 26 is a view showing a second e~mple for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~.ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 27 is a view showing a third example for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~sembling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 28 is a view showing a modification of the third e~r~mple for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 29 is a view showing a second concrete application for jointing plate-shaped members constituting a square-shaped water tank to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 30(a) is a perspective view and Fig. 30(b) is a cross sectional view showing a third concrete application for jointing members constituting a circular water tank to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 31 is a view expl~ining a fourth concrete application for jointing body members constituting a supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 32 is a view expl~ining a first modification of Fig. 31 for jointing body members constituting the supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 33 is a view showing a second modification of Fig. 31 for jointing body members constituting the supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 34 is a view eYpl~ininE a fifth concrete application for jointing two long structural members in a T-shape;
Fig. 35 is a view expl~ining a modification of Fig. 34 for jointing two long structural memhers in a state they are confronted with each other;
Fig. 36 is a sixth concrete application for jointing a pillar and a beam;
Eig. 37 is a cross sectional view expl~ining a method of a jointing structure according to an eighth embo~limçnt of the invention; and Fig. 38 is a cross sectional view eYpl~inin~ a modification of Fig. 37.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
First Embodiment (F`i~s. 1 to 4):
A jointing structure according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to E igs. 1 to 4.
One member A and the other member B are respectively made of concrete blocks. A slit-shaped bag receiving opening 12 and a cylindrical recessed portion 13 extending from the opening 12 are respectively formed in a jointing surface 11 of one member A. A band-shaped bag body 22 is attached to a jointing surface 21 of the other member B so as to extend upright from the jointing surface 21. The bag body 22 has an anchor portion 23 embedded in the other member B. The length of the bag body 22 is subst~nti~lly the same as that of the bag opening 12. The other member B has one or a plurality of tubular introduction p~Rs~es, not shown. One or each of the introduction passages has an introduction hole 24 at one end thereof and extends to the bag body 22 at the other end thereof. Part of 21 681 ~1 the holes are used for introducing filler in the bag body and the other holes are used as spare holes or for observing the filling state of the filler.
Even if there is formed a single introduction hole 24, no problem occurs if air escapes from the introduction hole 24 when the filler is injected. However, if air does not escape from the introduction hole 24, it is neces~s~ry to provide a hole through which air escapes. The tip end of the bag body 22 is folded so as to be easily inserted into the bag opening 12 of the one member A. The folded portion may be a double- folded, a triple-folded or multiple-folded portion. Metal, synthetic resin, glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc. can be used as a material of the bag body 22. If the material can not support the bag body 22 perpendicularly to the jointing surface 21, namely, if the bag body 22is made of the material which can not stand the bag body 22 upright on the jointing surface 21, the material must be made hard by an adhesive, etc.
The one member A is manufactured by preparing a first mold in which a hollow member having the shape of the bag opening 12 and the recessed portion 13is embedded, introducing concrete into a second mold for forming the one member A, extracting the first mold or removing the first mold by folding the hollow memher after the concrete is hardened in the second mold. The other member B is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the bag body 22 so as to be integrated with the anchor portion 23 and the introduction p~.~s~ge into the mold.
To joint the one member A to the other member B, the bag body 22 of the other member B is inserted into the recessed portion 13 of the one member A through the bag opening 12, the former being positioned relative to the latter, and then the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 of the former and the latter are brought into contact with each other as shown in Fig. 3.
`- 21 681 51 Thereafter, a hardening filler C such as mortar, etc. is ~orced or introduced by a filling machine into one of the introduction holes 24 of the other member B. The filler C is forced to be introduced or injected into the bag body 22 through the introduction p~ss~ge as shown in Fig. 4. The filler C is successively filled in the bag body 22 until the bag body 22 is e~p~n-led into a shape corresponllin~ to the inner peripheral shape of the recessed portion 13. Whereupon, check valves are provided in the introduction holes 24 or an introduction p~s~e or stoppers are provided in the introduction holes 24 or the introduction p~ss~e 29 to prevent the filler C from being flown backward after the introduction of the filler C.
If the filler C is hardened after the lapse of a given time, tensile strength is generated in the bag body 22 in the direction of the jointing surface 21.
By this tensile strength, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other in the state where they are fastened with each other. The bag body 22 has such a size that it can closely contact the recessed portion 13 when expanded. If the length of the bag body 22 is shorter than that of the recessed portion 13, one end or both ends of the recessed portion 13 become hollow but the jointing strength of both members A and B is not weakened.
In the first embodiment, when the strong tensile strength is generated between both members A and B, the periphery of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A is likely to be damaged. If such a situation is expected to occur, a reinforcing frame may be formed inside the recessed portion 13 to support the inner surface of the recessed portion 13.
Such a reinforcing frame may by formed by embedding a frame made of metal or hard resin in the one member A when the one member A is manufactured.
Second Embodiment (Figs. 5 and 6):
In a second embodiment as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, two rows of recessed portions 13 having the bag opening 12 are provided on the jointing surface 11 of the one member A. Two protrusions or reinforcing members 14 are arranged between these recesse~ portions 13. Two rows of bag bodies 22 to be inserted into each of the recessed portions 13 are attached to the jointi~ surface 21 of the other member B. Two grooves 25 to be engaged with the protrusions 14 are provided between the bag bodies 22. That is, the jointin~ surfaces 11 and 21 have the concave and convex portions which are engaged with each other so that they are easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction. A
jointing state of the one memher A and the other member B is illustrated in Fig. 6. In the arrangement of Fig. 6, the one member A and the other member B are join~-l with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C
are injected, and the protrusions 14 and the two grooves 25 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in two directions, i.e. acting upon the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 so that the one member A and the other member B are prevented from being slid in the direction of the jointing surfaces thereof.
Third Embodiment (Fi~s. 7 and 8):
In a third embodiment as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the one member A has a stage 15 and the other member B has a stage 26 at the jointing surfaces 11 and 21, wherein the stages 16 and 28 are engaged with each other. The recessed portions 13 each having a bag opening 12 are provided in the one member A at both sides of the stage 15, while the bag bodies 22 to be inserted into the recessed portions 13 are provided in the other member B at both sides of the stage 26. As the stage 26 is provided, the positioning of the one member A and the other member B can be easily made relative to each other when undertaking construction. With the arrangement of Fig. 8, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C are injected, and the protrusions 14 and the two grooves 25 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in two directions, i.e.
acting upon the jointinE surfaces 11 and 21 so that the one member A and the other member B are ~levented from being slid in the direction of the jointing surfaces thereo The concave and convex portions comprising protrusions and grooves as shown in Fig. 5 may be formed on the jointinE
surfaces 11 and 21 so as to resist a shearing force acting in two directions.
Fourth Embodiment (Fi~s. 9. 10 and 11):
In a fourth embodiment as shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, two rows of recessed portions 13 each having the bag opening 12 are provided on the jointing surface 11 of the one member A, and a plurality of protrusions 16 are provided between the recessed portions 13. Two rows of bag bodies 22 to be inserted into each of the recessed portions 13 are attached to the jointing surface 21 of the other member B. A plurality of holes 27 to be engaged with the protrusions 16 are provided between the bag bodies 22.
That is, the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 have the concave and convex shapes which are engaged with each other. In this embodiment, the one member A and the other member B can be easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction. A state of the one member A
and the other member B are jointed with each other is illustrated in Fig.
11. In the arrangement of Fig. 11, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C
are injected, and the protrusions 16 and the holes 27 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in all directions, i.e.
acting upon the jointing surfaces 11 and 21.
Modification of Fourth Embodiment (Fig. 12):
A modification of the fourth embodiment as shown in Fig. 12 is designed to generate gaps between each protrusion 16 and the hole 27 when the one memher A of the other member B are aligned with each other. A filler C', having a certain strength and ~hesive, is injected through an accommodating groove 28 after the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other. The both ends of the one member A and the other member B are brought into contact with each other without generating a gap therebetween so as to prevent the filler C' from being flown out. An adhesive tape T may be stuck to the jointing surface6 of the one member A and the other memher B, if need be to surely prevent the filler C' from being flown out. In this modification, the one member A and the other member B are surely jointed with each other without being slid relative to each other.
Fifth Embodiment (Ei~s. 13 and 14):
In a seco~cl embodiment as shown in Eigs. 13 and 14, a reinforcing frame 31 having a concave and convex shape at the side surface thereof is embedded in the one member A. An anchor portion 32 is provided at the root of the reinforcing frame 31 and a reinforcing flange portion 33 is provided at the bag opening 12. An anchor portion 23 of the bag body 22 of the other member B also has a concave and convex shape at the side surface thereof. If reinforcing rods are embedded in both members A and B, it is preferable to fix the anchor portions 32 and 23 to the reinforcing rods by welding, etc. When both members A and B are positioned relative to each other and then the filler C is injected into the bag body 22, the bag body 22 is deformed into the shape of the reinforcing frame 31 as shown in 2~ 681 51 Fig. 14. When the filler C is hardened, the tensile strength generated in both members A and B is received by a frictional force generated between the reinforcing frame 31 and the bag body 22. As a result, both members A and B are kept firmly jointed with each other unless the filler C is broken. The periphery of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A is not broken due to the tensile strength. The bag body 22 may have a concave and convex shape at the surface thereof corresponding to that of the reinforcing frame 31 or may not have such concave and convex shape. In the latter case, when the filler C is injected into the bag body 22, some wrinkles are formed on the bag body 22, but the jointing strength of both members A and B is not weakened since the filler C is hardened and fixed in the bag 22.
In the fifth embodiment, the recessed portion 13 of the one member A elrt~n~l~ longitll-lin~lly along the jointing surface 11 and the bag body 22 of the other member B is formed in the band shape 80 as to conform to the recessed portion 13. However, the relation between the recessed portion 13 and the bag body 22 is not limited to such an arrangement~ For ex~mrle, a plurality of recesse-3 portions 13 may be independently arranged side by side and a plurality of bag bodies 22 are rod-shaped and also indepen-lently arranged side by side to correspond to each of the recessed portions 13. In any case, the bag body 22 does not become an obstacle when it is folded or wound in an apl),op~iate shape and it can be expanded along the shape of the recessed portion 13 at the time of the introduction of the filler C.
Sixth Embodiment (Fig 15):
In a sixth embodiment as shown in Fig. 15, a plurality of reinforcing frames 31 are embedded in the one member A independently of one another and a plurality of bag bodies 22 are attached to the other member B independently of one another so as to conform to the reinforcing frames 31. Each of introduction passages 29 is connected to each of the bag bodies 22 and each tip end of the introduction p~s~e 29 is opened to form an introduction hole 24.- Accordingly, the filler C is injected into each bag body 22 from each introduction hole 24 and it is filled in each bag body 22 by way of each introduction passage 29. In the modification of the third embodiment as illustrated in Fig. 8, there is provided one introduction p~s~ge 29 which is connected to each bag body 22. If the filler C is injected from one introduction hole 24, the filler C
passes the introduction p~ss~ge 29 and is filled in each bag body 22. It is needless to say that check valves are provided in the introduction holes 24 or an introduction p~fis~ge or stoppers are provided in the introduction holes 24 or the introduction p.q~s~ge 29 to prevent the filler C from being flown backward after the introduction of the filler C.
Seventh Embodiment (F~i~s. 17 and 18):
In a first modified joint member to be used by the other ember according to a seventh embodiment of the invention as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, the bag body 22 is previously accommodated in a groove-shaped capsule 41 while it is folded therein. The capsule 41 co~ ises a capsule body 41a and an ~nt~hor portion 41b protruding from the rear portion of the capsule body 41a. A cover portion 41c may be provided on the capsule body 41a at both sides of the opening of the capsule body 41a, as the need arises.
The bag body 22 and the capsule 41 may be made of the same material and integrated with each other. If the material of the body 22 is different from that of the capsule 41, the body 22 and the capsule 22 which are formed separately are attached to each other by an appropriate means. If the material of the capsule 41 is hard, cuts 27 are provided at the boundary of the capsule body 41a and the cover portion 41c from the inside of the cover -portion 41c. The other member B is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the capsule 41 incorporating the bag body 22 therein into the mold BO that the capsule 41 is attached to the jointing surface 21 of the other member B. If the bag body 22 is formed in the manner that it is ~ccommodated in the capsule 41, there is an advantage in that the bag body 22 does not obstruct the h~n~ling of the other memh~r B. If the capsule 41 has the cover portion 41c, the accommodating condition of the bag body 22 is enh~nce~l depen-linE on the material of the bag body 22.
After both members A and B are positioned relative to each other, if the filler C is injected from the introduction hole 24, the filler C passes the introduction p~s~Ee 25 and it is filled in the bag body 22. At this time, the cover portion 41c of the capsule 41 is bent and e~nfled at the cuts 42 by the ç~p~n~ion force of the bag 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the capsule 41, then it is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A and is expanded or deformed along the shape of the inner surface of the recessed portion 13. When the filler C is hardened, both members A and B are jointed with each other.
In second, third, fourth and fifth modified jointing members as shown in Fig. 19 through 23, the bag body 22 and a capsule 41 are individually manufactured but integrated with each other. As shown in Fig. 20 showing a first example, rods 43 are wound by both ends of the bag body 22 and the folded portions of the bag body 22 at both ends thereof are fused or sawn. The capsule of these modifications is the same as that of the seventh embodiment in respect of providing the anchor portion 41b protruding from the rear portion of the capsule body 41a, but the former is different from the latter in respect of the following points. Slits 41d are provided at the tip end of the capsule 41a and each slits 41d have notches at an internal surface thereof, if need be, and also has a bottom which is enlarged and cylindrical. Both end of the bag body 22 are inserted into the slits 41d of the capsule body 41a, and are f~xed as shown in Fig. 19. In this case, the both ends of the bag body 22 can be f;xed by thermal fusing depçnrling on materials, or may be fixed by a bolt, etc., as denoted by a dotted line. As mentioned above, the bag body 22 is folded and acco.. o~l~ted in the capsule body 41a after the bag body 22 i6 fixed to the capsule 41, then it is temporarily fixed by an adhesive tape T at several spots so that the bag body 22 is not sprung out from the capsule body 41a.
As mentioned above, if the filler C is forced and fills the bag body 22 after the positioning of both memhers A and B, the tape T is peeled off by the e~p~n~ion force of the bag body 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the capsule 41 and is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion of the one mçmher A. In this case, since the tape T is thin, it does not afect the jointing of the one member A and the other member B.
In a third modified jointing member as shown in Fig. 21, the other member B has an accommodating groove 44 and an embedding groove 45 formed at the bottom of the accommodating groove 44. The anchor portion 23 of the bag body 22 is embedded in and fixed to the embedding groove 45 and the bag body 22 is wound and accommodated in the accommodating groove 44 and a tape T is temporarily adhered to the several spots of the jointiT~ surface 21 of the other member B so as to l,~event the bag body 22 from springing out from the accommodating groove 44. If the filler is forced and fills the bag body 22 after the positioning of both members A
and B, the tape T is peeled off from the jointing surface 21 by the e~nsion force of the bag body 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the accommodating groove 44 and is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion of the one member A. In this case, the tape T does -not affect the jointing of both members A and B since it is thin. The other member B having the bag body 22 is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the bag body 22 integrated with the anchor portion 23 into the mold, wherein a protectinE member is attached to the bag body 22 so as to sulloul,d the bag body 22. The protecting m~mher is pulled out when the concrete is h~rdened.
In the fourth modified jointing member as shown in Fig. 22, an ~ccommodating groove 46 is defined in the jointinE surface 21 of the other member B and a trapezoidal ~nchor portion 47 is provided at the bottom of the other member B. The bottom of the bag body 22 partitioned by a partition 48 is inserted into the anchor portion 47, and the filler C' is injected into the bag body 22 in a factory or a construction site so as to fix it to the anchor portion 47. Thereafter, the bag body 22 is folded and accommo-1~ted in the accommodating groove 46, then the bag body 22 is temporarily fixed by the tape T at several spots thereof, so as to ~levellt the bag body 22 from being sprung out. The partition 48 may be manufactured integrally with the bag body 22 or may be manufactured as a separate memher and is fixed to the bag body 22.
In the fifth modified jointing m~mher as shown in Fig. 23, a slit 49 is formed in the jointing surface 21 of the other member B and a cylindrical ~nchor portion 50 is provided in the bottom portion of the other member B. The bag body 22 has a rhombus-shaped pipe 61 in cross section serving as an introduction passage while interposing it at the center thereo The one side (right side in Fig. 23 ) of the bag body 22 is inserted into the anchor portion 50 through the slit 49 in a factory or a construction site, then the filler C' is injected into the one side of the bag body 22 through another introduction p~ss~ge, thereby fixing the bag body 22 to the anchor portion 60. When the other member B is jointed with the 2i68151 one member A, the bag body 22 of the other member B is inserted into the recessed portion of the one member A, then the filler is pressed and fills the bag body 22 from the introduction port through the pipe 51.
Acco,Lllg to the first to seventh embodiments as shown in Figs. 1 to 23, a hardening filler such as mortar, etc. is used as the filler C so as to form a semi-perm~nent jointing structure. However, gas such as air or liquid such as water can be used as the filler depenlling on the object of the jointinF If the gas or the liquid is used as the filler, jointed portions can be detached from each other.
The jointing method of the present invention can be used for j~inting various members. Detailed or concrete applications for jointing body members to which the present invention is applied will be described with lefele,lce to Figs. 24 through 36.
In the first detailed or concrete application as shown in Fig. 24 wherein the present invention is applied for jointing body members for forming box-shaped culverts. To clarify the structure of the jointing surfaces, there are shown perspective views in Figs. 24(a) and 24(b) which are viewed in different directions.
Each body member 61 has a recessed portion 13 which is formed c;,cu~ferentially along the right side jointing surface 11 and a bag body 22 which is attached circumferentially thereto along the left side jointing surface 21. Two introduction holes 24 are provided at the left end side of upper and lower and left and right surfaces of the body members 61. One of the holes is used for introducing filler in the bag body 22 and the other hole is used for observing the filling state of the filler. Since the bag body 22 is connected to the body member 61, the introduction hole 24 is not always formed on four surfaces of the body m~mber 61. To joint the body members 61, the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 thereof are brought into contact with each other while positioning the recessed portion 13 and the bag body 22 relative to each other and mortar is injected from the introduction hole 24. If the body member 61 is made of a light material, a bolt hole is provided in the body member 61 to ~levent the body members 61 from being moved and separated from each other and the body members 61 are jointed v~ith each other while there are connected to each other by a plate and the plate is removed after the mortar is hardened.
~ mples for assembling the box-shaped culverts from a plate member to the cylindrical member will be now described with reference to Figs. 25 through 28. If each component is ~ssembled in a construction site, it can be easily transported, and a plurality of components can be transported at a time.
In the first example as shown in Fig. 25, concave and convex parts a are provided at jointing surfaces of the plate-shaped lateral members 61 and vertical members 62 in addition to the recessed portion and the bag body so as to form jointing portions J. In such a jointing manner, the lateral members 61 and the vertical members 62 are connected to each other, so that the vertical members 62 are l,lev~llted from being slid to the right and left by the concave and convex parts a.
In the second embodiment as shown in Eig. 26, protrusions 61a are provided on both ends of the lateral members 61 and the protrusions 61a are positioned inwardly by the length corresponding to the thickness of the vertical member 62. External contact surfaces b formed by the protrusions 61a prevent the vertical members 62 from being moved inside.
If temporary mounting members 63 are fixed to the outsides of the jointing surfaces by bolts 64, etc., the vertical members 62 are prevented from being slid outwardly.
In the third example as shown in Fig. 27, stages c are provided on the jointing surfaces of the upper members 65 and the vertical members 66 so as to engage with each other. The jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c. Grooves 67a each having a thickness correspon-ling to that of the vertical members 66 are ~l~fine-l in the grooves 67a, and the vertical members 66 are engaged in the grooves 67a so as to provide two rows of jointing portions J at contact surfaces thereof. In such a jointing m~qnner~ the upper members 65 are prevented from being slid downward because of the states c. The external contact surfaces b present at both sides of the jointing surfaces of the vertical members 66, thereby preventing the vertical members 66 from being slid to the right and left. Fig. 28 is a modification of the third e~mple of Fig 27, wherein protrusions 66a are positioned downwardly by the length correspoll~line to the tllickness of the upper member 65 from the upper surfaces of the vertical members 6~ in Fig. 28, so that the upper members 65 are prevented from being slid by the external contact surfaces b formed by the protrusions 66a.
Fig. 29 shows the second concrete application to which the present invention is applied for jointing the body members forming a water tank.
Plate-shaped body memhers 71, 72 and 73 are assembled in a box-shape and the recessed portions and the bag bodies are respectively provided to form jointing portions J. Since this is used for the water tank, the recessed portions and the bag bodies continue along the four side surfaces thereof and the jointing portions J are arranged in two rows, namely, upper and lower portions of the four surfaces at the corners in Fig. 29.
Since the jointing portions J are arranged in two rows, water tightness of the water tank is enhanced and the jointing portions J function as the reinforcing members so that the water tank can have high strength. The concave and convex portions or stages which are engaged with each other may be provided on the jointing surfaces.
Figs. 30(a) and 30(b) show the third concrete application to which the present invention is applied for jointing a plurality of members folll~illg a circular water tank. Curved block bodies 75 are cylindrically arranged on a ~ coill bottom plate 74, and curved block bodies 76 are laid on the curved block bodies 75, wherein the curved block bodies 75 and 76 are connected to one another by the jointing portions J, thereby forming the water tank. The stages c are pronded on each of the jointing surfaces, and the jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c. In this jointing m~nner, the members of the bottom plate 74, the ~urved block bodies 75 and the block bodies 76 are firmly jointed with one another so as to assure water tightness. Further since the curved block bodies 75 in the first stage are prevented from being moved outwardly relative to the bottom plate 74 due to the stages c, and the block bodies 76 in the second stage are prevented from being outwardly relative to the curved block bodies 75, the water tank can sufficiently resist against high water pressure. When manufacturing the circular watertight water tank, a discoid cover like the bottom plate 74 is placed on the block bodies 76, and the cover may be connected to the block bodies 76 by the jointing portions J
like the bottom plate 74. In the jointing structures of the second and third concrete applications as shown in Figs. 29 and 30(a) and 30(b), the jointin~
portions J may be concealed by providing an a~ opl;ate cover so as to prevent the jointing portions J from being exposed on the end surfaces.
The fourth concrete application and its modifications for jointing bodies constituting a supporting wall will be now described with reference to Figs.31 to 33.
z In the fourth concrete application in Fig 31, a single protrusion 77a is provided on a base member 77 while a single groove 78a which can be engaged with the protrusion 77a is provided in a walls member 78. Two rows of joint;ng portions J each comprising a recessed portion and a bag body are also provided as mentioned above. In such a jointing structure as shown in Fig 31, since the base member 77 and the walls member 78 are connected to each other by tensile strength of the joint;ng portions J, and the protrusion 77a and the groove 78a forming the concave and co-lve,~
portions are engaged with each other, the wall member 78 is prevented from being slid outwardly and can resist an earth pressure F.
In the first modification as shown in Fig 32, a plurality of concave and convex portions a are provided at the jointing surfaces J of the base member 77 and the wall member 78. In this joint;ng state, both memhers are connected by the tensile strength of the jointing surfaces J, and the wall member 78 is prevented from being slid to the right and left by the plurality of concave and convex portions a so that the wall member 78 is evellted from being slid outwardly and can resist the earth pressure F.
In the second modification as shown in Fig. 33, the stages c are provided at the jointing surfaces of the base member 77 and the wall member 78 so as to engage with each other, and the jointing portions J
are provided at both sides of the stages c. In such a jointing state, since the base member 77 and the walls member 78 are connected to each other by tensile strength of the jointing portions J, the walls member 78 is prevented from being slid outwardly by the stage c.
The method of jointing members according to the present invention can be also utilized to joint members such as beams, pillars, walls.
Fig. 34 shows the fifth concrete application for jointing two long structural members 81 and 82 with each other like a T-shape. Such a jointing ætructure is used for example in a T-shaped beam. If a load to be applied to the beam is large, the long structural members 81 and 82 are jointed with each other at the continuous jointing portion J. If the load to be applied to the beam is small, the structural members 81 and 82 may be jointed with each other at the independent jointing portions J.
Fig. 35 shows an e~mple to which the present invention is applied for jointing the long body members 83 and 84 which confront each other.
Such long body members are used, e.g., for joint;ng the walls. In Fig. 35, concave and convex portions are provided at the jointing surfaces thereof, thereby forming three jointing portion J thereon. The number of the jointing portion J may be one, or two, as the need arises. The number of the jointing portion J may also be at least four depentling on the thi~kness of the wall.
Fig. 36 shows the seventh concrete application for jointing structure of a pillar and a beam. A tenon joint 85 made of metal, concrete, synthetic resin, ceramics, etc. is embedded into a base 86, and it is engaged with grooves of a pillar 87 of the first floor, then a grout G is injected through a grout hole 87a so as to fix the pillar 87 to the base 86. Fur~cher, the jointingportions J are provided on the jointing surfaces between the base 86 and the pillar 87 at both sides of the tenon joint 85, thereby assuring the jointing between the base 86 and the pillar 87. Further, another tenon joint 87b is formed on the upper surface of the pillar 87 of the first floor to engage with and fixed to grooves of a pillar 88 of the second floor, and the jointing portions J are provided on the jointing surfaces at both sides of the tenon 87b. Further, the stages c are provided by protrusions 87c at both sides of the upper portion of the pillar 87, and the beaIn 89 is engaged with this stages c and the jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c.
Although we explained the method of jointing the members constituting various structural bodies with reference to Figs. 24 though 36, the present invention is not limited to such structural members, but can be applied to other structural members. Further, the jointing structures as ment;oned in some of the aforementioned embodiments can be applied to the rest of the aforementioned embodiments. For example, the structure of the external contact surfaces used in the vertical members 66 and the lower members 67 in Fig. 27 can be applied to the jointing parts between the base 86 and the pillar 87 in Fig. 36.
The jointing method of the present invention can be also applied to the case for jointing the members, which are previously made of stones, a lump of concrete block, bricks, ceramics, metal, synthetic resins, other construction materials, with one another.
Further, the present invention can be applied to a coupling of the water pipe, a sewage pipe, a gas pipe, etc. An example of the jointing structure adapted for the coupling is illustrated in Figs. 37 and 38. The jointing structure as shown in Figs. 22 and 23 can be applied to the coupling of the water pipe, etc.
F,iFhth Embodiment (E`i~s. 37 and 38):
In the eightll embodiment as shown in Fig. 37, the one member A
and the other mçmher B are made of stones. As a jointing member 90 for ~ointing the one member A and the other member B comprises an anchor portion 92 such as a bolt, etc. at one fixing portion 91 and a bag body 22 at the other fixing portion 91. The fixing portion 91 is formed like a capsule while a cover portion 91a like that as shown in Figs. 17 and 18 is provided to accommodate the bag body 22 therein. The fixing portion 91 and the bag body 22 may be formed individually and fixed to each other. The fixing portion 91 and the bag body 22 may be formed integrally with each other by ` - -2~ i68~1 the same material. If they are formed integrally, hard rubber or synthetic resin may be used as the material thereo First, the other member B is bored by a drill 93 to form a hole 93, and a fixing portion 91 of the jointing member 90 is fixed to the hole 93 by eng~ing or threading the fixing portion 92 into an entrance of the hole 93, then the filler C' is pressed and injected into the hole 93 through an introduction p~s~ge 94 so as to fix the anchor portion 92. A hole 95 is bored in the one member A in a factory or a construction site. After the other member B to which the jointing member 90 is fixed is positioned relative to the one member A and installed on the construction site, the filler C is pressed and fills the bag body 22 through an introduction p~s~ge 96. Upon completion of injection of the filler C, the cover portion 91a of the fixing portion 91 is e~p~n~led so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the fixing portion 91, then it is exten~e~3 toward the inside of the hole of the other member B and is expanded along the inner peripheral shape of the hole 95. When the filler C is hardened, both member A and B
are jointed with each other.
The modification of the eighth embodiment as shown in Fig. 38 is substantially the same as the eighth embo-liment in Fig. 37 but is di~erent from that in Fig. 37 in respect of a method of fixing the fixing portion 90 relative to the other member B. A bag body 97 is fixed to the fixing member 90 instead of the anchor portion 92. The filler C' is pressed and fills the bag body 97 through the introduction passage 94 to thereby fix the jointing member 90 to the other member B.
The jointing structures as shown in Fig. 37 and 38 is very effective to prevent a tombstone or a monument from being felled down when it is assembled when vertically arranged components or members thereof are jointed with each other.
As mentioned above, the method of jointing the members according to the present invention comprises the steps of bringing two members into contact with each other while positioning them relative to each other at their jointing surfaces, then injecting the filler into the bag body which is attached to the other member so that the bag body is e~panded in the reces~e~ portion provided in one member, whereby the two members can be jointed firmly with each other with simple jointing operation.
Acco.ding to the jointing structure of the present invention, since the bag body attached to the jointing surface of the other member is inserted into the recessed portion formed in the jointing surface of one memher and the bag body is expanded by the filler along the shape of the recesse-l portion, both memhers are jointed with each other in the state where the jointed portions are not exposed to their jointing surfaces and the tensile strength is generated in the bag body e~p~n-led by the fillers in the jointing direction, whereby both members can be firmly jointed with each other while they are fastened to each other.
Further, when the concave and convex portions or stages which are engaged with each other are provided on the jointing surfaces of both members, both members are easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction, and they are firmly jointed with each other without being slid after the construction is undertaken, and further the water leakage can be prevented.
Even if the one member and the other member have external contact surfaces at both sides of the jointing surfaces, the positioning between both members can be easily made when undert~s kin~
construction, and both members are prevented from being slid at the external con~art surfaces and they can be firmly jointed with each other at the connected portion thereof.
In enh~ncing construction efficiency at a construction site, commerci~li7.~t;on of various members formed in a factory has been recently promoted in the construction industry. When the members which have been commercialized in the factory are jointed with each other in the construction site, the members are usually jointed physically with each other such as by using metal pieces, etc. since stress is applied to the jointing portions of the members, and hence they are hardly jointed by adhesive.
Such a prior art jointing means which llt;li7e-1 the physical jointing method is strong in the jointing strength provided between the members but it has a problem in that the aesthetic appearance is undesirable because the jointed portions of the members are exposed on the surface of the jointed members. Furthermore, since metal pieces are used individually for jointing the members in the manner such that they are engaged with or screwed with each other, this causes the problem in that the jointin~ operation is troublesome and many operators are required.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art jointing method and jointing structure as mentioned above and the object of the present invention is to provide a method of jointing members and a jointing structure which is simple in jointing operation and the members can be jointed physicaily with each other while the jointed portions are not exposed on the surface of the jointed members.
To achieve the above objects, according to a first aspect of the invention, in a method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises A method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointin~ surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises the steps of forming a recessed portion in the jointing surface of the first member, integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member, the bag body being arranged to correspond the rece~sell portion, bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is inserted into the recessed portion, and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
According to a second aspect of the invention, in a method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointinE
surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing su*aces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprises the steps of forming a recessed portion having an entrance in the jointing surface of the first member, integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member in an ~ccommodated condition, the bag body being arranged to correspond to the recessed portion, bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is positioned in the entrance of the recessed portion, and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to ç~p~n-l the bag body in the reces.se~ portion, whereby the first and secon-1 members are jointed with each other.
According to a third aspect of the invention, a jointing structure comprises first and second members which have respective jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the first member having a recessed portion formed therein, the second ember having a bag body made of a flexible material attached to the jointing surface thereof, the bag body disposed within the recessed portion when the fist and second members are jointed together and having a filler injected into the bag body, the bag body being exp~ntle(3 by the filler to form a jointing portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other at the join~inE portion.
Further, concave and convex portions may be formed on the jointing surfaces of the first and second members to be engaged with each other.
The jointing surfaces of the first and second members may be formed at both sides of the stages thereof. The concave and convex portions are formed on the jointing surfaces at both sides of the stages thereof to be engaged with each. Further, external contact surfaces are provided on at least one side of the jointing surfaces on which the jointing portions are formed.
According to the aforementioned methods of jointing the members of the present invention, if both members are positioned relative to each other at their jointing surfaces and the filler is forced into and fills the bag body formed in the other member so as to e~p~ncl the bag body along the inner peripheral shape of the recessed portion formed in one member, tensile strength is generated in the bag body in the direction of the jointing surface. Both memhers are jointed with each other while they are f~t~ne-l with each other by this tRnsile strength According to the thus obtained jointed structure, the recessed portion and the bag body are respectively embedded into both members and both members are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by the tensile strength of the bag body.
Further, if the concave and convex portions and the stages are formed on the jointing surfaces of the first and second members, the first and second members are easily positioned relative to each other when undert~king construction, and the first and second members are prevented from being slid after the construction is undertaken, thereby preventing le~k~e of water. The jointing structure having the external contact surfaces at least one side of the jointing surfaces also has the same effect as that having the concave and convex portions and the stages thereon, namely, it can assure easy positioning, prevent the sliding, and ~. event leakage of water.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an exploded cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a first embodiment of the invention;
_ 21 681 51 Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the other member in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are positioned relative to each other in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. l;
Fig. 5 is an exploded cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member and that of the other m~mher in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is an exploded cross sectional perspect*e view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member in a state before they are jointed with each other according to a third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a cross sectional perspective view of a main portion of one member accol~ling to a fourth embo~iment of the invention;
Fig. 10 is a cross sectional perspective view of the other member to be c~mhine-l with one member of Fig. 9;
Fig 11 is a cross sectional view of both members in Figs. 9 and 10 where they are jointed with each other;
Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view of a main portion expl~ining a modification of the fourth embodiment as shown in Figs. 9 through 11;
Fig. 13 is a partially cross sectional view of a main portion of one member and that of the other member showing the state where they are -positioned relative to each other according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 14 is a cross sectional perspective view of main portions of both mf~mhers showing the state where they are jointed with each other in Fig.
13;
Fig. 15 is a cross sectional perspective view of main portions of both members showing the state where they are jointed with each other according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 16 is a cross sectional perspective view expl~ining a modification of Fig 15;
Fig. 17 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a first modified jointing member according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 18 is a cross sectional view showing a jointinE state where one m~mher is jointed with the other member in Fig. 17;
Fig. 19 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of a second modified jointing member to be attached to the other member;
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of a main portion of a bag body to be used in the jointing member in Fig. 19;
Fig. 21 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a third modified jointing member;
Fig. 22 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a fourth modified jointing member;
Fig. 23 is a cross sectional view of a main portion of the other member using a fifth modified jointing member;
Figs. 24(a) and 24(b) are exploded perspective views showing a first concrete application for jointing body members of box-shaped culverts to which the present invention is applied, wherein the body members are viewed in different directions;
Fig. 25 is a view showing a ~rst example for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 26 is a view showing a second e~mple for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~.ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 27 is a view showing a third example for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~sembling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 28 is a view showing a modification of the third e~r~mple for forming the box-shaped culverts by ~ssemhling plate-shaped members in Fig. 24 to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 29 is a view showing a second concrete application for jointing plate-shaped members constituting a square-shaped water tank to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 30(a) is a perspective view and Fig. 30(b) is a cross sectional view showing a third concrete application for jointing members constituting a circular water tank to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 31 is a view expl~ining a fourth concrete application for jointing body members constituting a supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 32 is a view expl~ining a first modification of Fig. 31 for jointing body members constituting the supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 33 is a view showing a second modification of Fig. 31 for jointing body members constituting the supporting wall to which the present invention is applied;
Fig. 34 is a view eYpl~ininE a fifth concrete application for jointing two long structural members in a T-shape;
Fig. 35 is a view expl~ining a modification of Fig. 34 for jointing two long structural memhers in a state they are confronted with each other;
Fig. 36 is a sixth concrete application for jointing a pillar and a beam;
Eig. 37 is a cross sectional view expl~ining a method of a jointing structure according to an eighth embo~limçnt of the invention; and Fig. 38 is a cross sectional view eYpl~inin~ a modification of Fig. 37.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
First Embodiment (F`i~s. 1 to 4):
A jointing structure according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to E igs. 1 to 4.
One member A and the other member B are respectively made of concrete blocks. A slit-shaped bag receiving opening 12 and a cylindrical recessed portion 13 extending from the opening 12 are respectively formed in a jointing surface 11 of one member A. A band-shaped bag body 22 is attached to a jointing surface 21 of the other member B so as to extend upright from the jointing surface 21. The bag body 22 has an anchor portion 23 embedded in the other member B. The length of the bag body 22 is subst~nti~lly the same as that of the bag opening 12. The other member B has one or a plurality of tubular introduction p~Rs~es, not shown. One or each of the introduction passages has an introduction hole 24 at one end thereof and extends to the bag body 22 at the other end thereof. Part of 21 681 ~1 the holes are used for introducing filler in the bag body and the other holes are used as spare holes or for observing the filling state of the filler.
Even if there is formed a single introduction hole 24, no problem occurs if air escapes from the introduction hole 24 when the filler is injected. However, if air does not escape from the introduction hole 24, it is neces~s~ry to provide a hole through which air escapes. The tip end of the bag body 22 is folded so as to be easily inserted into the bag opening 12 of the one member A. The folded portion may be a double- folded, a triple-folded or multiple-folded portion. Metal, synthetic resin, glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc. can be used as a material of the bag body 22. If the material can not support the bag body 22 perpendicularly to the jointing surface 21, namely, if the bag body 22is made of the material which can not stand the bag body 22 upright on the jointing surface 21, the material must be made hard by an adhesive, etc.
The one member A is manufactured by preparing a first mold in which a hollow member having the shape of the bag opening 12 and the recessed portion 13is embedded, introducing concrete into a second mold for forming the one member A, extracting the first mold or removing the first mold by folding the hollow memher after the concrete is hardened in the second mold. The other member B is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the bag body 22 so as to be integrated with the anchor portion 23 and the introduction p~.~s~ge into the mold.
To joint the one member A to the other member B, the bag body 22 of the other member B is inserted into the recessed portion 13 of the one member A through the bag opening 12, the former being positioned relative to the latter, and then the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 of the former and the latter are brought into contact with each other as shown in Fig. 3.
`- 21 681 51 Thereafter, a hardening filler C such as mortar, etc. is ~orced or introduced by a filling machine into one of the introduction holes 24 of the other member B. The filler C is forced to be introduced or injected into the bag body 22 through the introduction p~ss~ge as shown in Fig. 4. The filler C is successively filled in the bag body 22 until the bag body 22 is e~p~n-led into a shape corresponllin~ to the inner peripheral shape of the recessed portion 13. Whereupon, check valves are provided in the introduction holes 24 or an introduction p~s~e or stoppers are provided in the introduction holes 24 or the introduction p~ss~e 29 to prevent the filler C from being flown backward after the introduction of the filler C.
If the filler C is hardened after the lapse of a given time, tensile strength is generated in the bag body 22 in the direction of the jointing surface 21.
By this tensile strength, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other in the state where they are fastened with each other. The bag body 22 has such a size that it can closely contact the recessed portion 13 when expanded. If the length of the bag body 22 is shorter than that of the recessed portion 13, one end or both ends of the recessed portion 13 become hollow but the jointing strength of both members A and B is not weakened.
In the first embodiment, when the strong tensile strength is generated between both members A and B, the periphery of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A is likely to be damaged. If such a situation is expected to occur, a reinforcing frame may be formed inside the recessed portion 13 to support the inner surface of the recessed portion 13.
Such a reinforcing frame may by formed by embedding a frame made of metal or hard resin in the one member A when the one member A is manufactured.
Second Embodiment (Figs. 5 and 6):
In a second embodiment as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, two rows of recessed portions 13 having the bag opening 12 are provided on the jointing surface 11 of the one member A. Two protrusions or reinforcing members 14 are arranged between these recesse~ portions 13. Two rows of bag bodies 22 to be inserted into each of the recessed portions 13 are attached to the jointi~ surface 21 of the other member B. Two grooves 25 to be engaged with the protrusions 14 are provided between the bag bodies 22. That is, the jointin~ surfaces 11 and 21 have the concave and convex portions which are engaged with each other so that they are easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction. A
jointing state of the one memher A and the other member B is illustrated in Fig. 6. In the arrangement of Fig. 6, the one member A and the other member B are join~-l with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C
are injected, and the protrusions 14 and the two grooves 25 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in two directions, i.e. acting upon the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 so that the one member A and the other member B are prevented from being slid in the direction of the jointing surfaces thereof.
Third Embodiment (Fi~s. 7 and 8):
In a third embodiment as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the one member A has a stage 15 and the other member B has a stage 26 at the jointing surfaces 11 and 21, wherein the stages 16 and 28 are engaged with each other. The recessed portions 13 each having a bag opening 12 are provided in the one member A at both sides of the stage 15, while the bag bodies 22 to be inserted into the recessed portions 13 are provided in the other member B at both sides of the stage 26. As the stage 26 is provided, the positioning of the one member A and the other member B can be easily made relative to each other when undertaking construction. With the arrangement of Fig. 8, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C are injected, and the protrusions 14 and the two grooves 25 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in two directions, i.e.
acting upon the jointinE surfaces 11 and 21 so that the one member A and the other member B are ~levented from being slid in the direction of the jointing surfaces thereo The concave and convex portions comprising protrusions and grooves as shown in Fig. 5 may be formed on the jointinE
surfaces 11 and 21 so as to resist a shearing force acting in two directions.
Fourth Embodiment (Fi~s. 9. 10 and 11):
In a fourth embodiment as shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, two rows of recessed portions 13 each having the bag opening 12 are provided on the jointing surface 11 of the one member A, and a plurality of protrusions 16 are provided between the recessed portions 13. Two rows of bag bodies 22 to be inserted into each of the recessed portions 13 are attached to the jointing surface 21 of the other member B. A plurality of holes 27 to be engaged with the protrusions 16 are provided between the bag bodies 22.
That is, the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 have the concave and convex shapes which are engaged with each other. In this embodiment, the one member A and the other member B can be easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction. A state of the one member A
and the other member B are jointed with each other is illustrated in Fig.
11. In the arrangement of Fig. 11, the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other while they are fastened with each other by this tensile strength of the bag bodies 22 into which the fillers C
are injected, and the protrusions 16 and the holes 27 are engaged with each other, thereby resisting a shearing force acting in all directions, i.e.
acting upon the jointing surfaces 11 and 21.
Modification of Fourth Embodiment (Fig. 12):
A modification of the fourth embodiment as shown in Fig. 12 is designed to generate gaps between each protrusion 16 and the hole 27 when the one memher A of the other member B are aligned with each other. A filler C', having a certain strength and ~hesive, is injected through an accommodating groove 28 after the one member A and the other member B are jointed with each other. The both ends of the one member A and the other member B are brought into contact with each other without generating a gap therebetween so as to prevent the filler C' from being flown out. An adhesive tape T may be stuck to the jointing surface6 of the one member A and the other memher B, if need be to surely prevent the filler C' from being flown out. In this modification, the one member A and the other member B are surely jointed with each other without being slid relative to each other.
Fifth Embodiment (Ei~s. 13 and 14):
In a seco~cl embodiment as shown in Eigs. 13 and 14, a reinforcing frame 31 having a concave and convex shape at the side surface thereof is embedded in the one member A. An anchor portion 32 is provided at the root of the reinforcing frame 31 and a reinforcing flange portion 33 is provided at the bag opening 12. An anchor portion 23 of the bag body 22 of the other member B also has a concave and convex shape at the side surface thereof. If reinforcing rods are embedded in both members A and B, it is preferable to fix the anchor portions 32 and 23 to the reinforcing rods by welding, etc. When both members A and B are positioned relative to each other and then the filler C is injected into the bag body 22, the bag body 22 is deformed into the shape of the reinforcing frame 31 as shown in 2~ 681 51 Fig. 14. When the filler C is hardened, the tensile strength generated in both members A and B is received by a frictional force generated between the reinforcing frame 31 and the bag body 22. As a result, both members A and B are kept firmly jointed with each other unless the filler C is broken. The periphery of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A is not broken due to the tensile strength. The bag body 22 may have a concave and convex shape at the surface thereof corresponding to that of the reinforcing frame 31 or may not have such concave and convex shape. In the latter case, when the filler C is injected into the bag body 22, some wrinkles are formed on the bag body 22, but the jointing strength of both members A and B is not weakened since the filler C is hardened and fixed in the bag 22.
In the fifth embodiment, the recessed portion 13 of the one member A elrt~n~l~ longitll-lin~lly along the jointing surface 11 and the bag body 22 of the other member B is formed in the band shape 80 as to conform to the recessed portion 13. However, the relation between the recessed portion 13 and the bag body 22 is not limited to such an arrangement~ For ex~mrle, a plurality of recesse-3 portions 13 may be independently arranged side by side and a plurality of bag bodies 22 are rod-shaped and also indepen-lently arranged side by side to correspond to each of the recessed portions 13. In any case, the bag body 22 does not become an obstacle when it is folded or wound in an apl),op~iate shape and it can be expanded along the shape of the recessed portion 13 at the time of the introduction of the filler C.
Sixth Embodiment (Fig 15):
In a sixth embodiment as shown in Fig. 15, a plurality of reinforcing frames 31 are embedded in the one member A independently of one another and a plurality of bag bodies 22 are attached to the other member B independently of one another so as to conform to the reinforcing frames 31. Each of introduction passages 29 is connected to each of the bag bodies 22 and each tip end of the introduction p~s~e 29 is opened to form an introduction hole 24.- Accordingly, the filler C is injected into each bag body 22 from each introduction hole 24 and it is filled in each bag body 22 by way of each introduction passage 29. In the modification of the third embodiment as illustrated in Fig. 8, there is provided one introduction p~s~ge 29 which is connected to each bag body 22. If the filler C is injected from one introduction hole 24, the filler C
passes the introduction p~ss~ge 29 and is filled in each bag body 22. It is needless to say that check valves are provided in the introduction holes 24 or an introduction p~fis~ge or stoppers are provided in the introduction holes 24 or the introduction p.q~s~ge 29 to prevent the filler C from being flown backward after the introduction of the filler C.
Seventh Embodiment (F~i~s. 17 and 18):
In a first modified joint member to be used by the other ember according to a seventh embodiment of the invention as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, the bag body 22 is previously accommodated in a groove-shaped capsule 41 while it is folded therein. The capsule 41 co~ ises a capsule body 41a and an ~nt~hor portion 41b protruding from the rear portion of the capsule body 41a. A cover portion 41c may be provided on the capsule body 41a at both sides of the opening of the capsule body 41a, as the need arises.
The bag body 22 and the capsule 41 may be made of the same material and integrated with each other. If the material of the body 22 is different from that of the capsule 41, the body 22 and the capsule 22 which are formed separately are attached to each other by an appropriate means. If the material of the capsule 41 is hard, cuts 27 are provided at the boundary of the capsule body 41a and the cover portion 41c from the inside of the cover -portion 41c. The other member B is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the capsule 41 incorporating the bag body 22 therein into the mold BO that the capsule 41 is attached to the jointing surface 21 of the other member B. If the bag body 22 is formed in the manner that it is ~ccommodated in the capsule 41, there is an advantage in that the bag body 22 does not obstruct the h~n~ling of the other memh~r B. If the capsule 41 has the cover portion 41c, the accommodating condition of the bag body 22 is enh~nce~l depen-linE on the material of the bag body 22.
After both members A and B are positioned relative to each other, if the filler C is injected from the introduction hole 24, the filler C passes the introduction p~s~Ee 25 and it is filled in the bag body 22. At this time, the cover portion 41c of the capsule 41 is bent and e~nfled at the cuts 42 by the ç~p~n~ion force of the bag 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the capsule 41, then it is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion 13 of the one member A and is expanded or deformed along the shape of the inner surface of the recessed portion 13. When the filler C is hardened, both members A and B are jointed with each other.
In second, third, fourth and fifth modified jointing members as shown in Fig. 19 through 23, the bag body 22 and a capsule 41 are individually manufactured but integrated with each other. As shown in Fig. 20 showing a first example, rods 43 are wound by both ends of the bag body 22 and the folded portions of the bag body 22 at both ends thereof are fused or sawn. The capsule of these modifications is the same as that of the seventh embodiment in respect of providing the anchor portion 41b protruding from the rear portion of the capsule body 41a, but the former is different from the latter in respect of the following points. Slits 41d are provided at the tip end of the capsule 41a and each slits 41d have notches at an internal surface thereof, if need be, and also has a bottom which is enlarged and cylindrical. Both end of the bag body 22 are inserted into the slits 41d of the capsule body 41a, and are f~xed as shown in Fig. 19. In this case, the both ends of the bag body 22 can be f;xed by thermal fusing depçnrling on materials, or may be fixed by a bolt, etc., as denoted by a dotted line. As mentioned above, the bag body 22 is folded and acco.. o~l~ted in the capsule body 41a after the bag body 22 i6 fixed to the capsule 41, then it is temporarily fixed by an adhesive tape T at several spots so that the bag body 22 is not sprung out from the capsule body 41a.
As mentioned above, if the filler C is forced and fills the bag body 22 after the positioning of both memhers A and B, the tape T is peeled off by the e~p~n~ion force of the bag body 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the capsule 41 and is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion of the one mçmher A. In this case, since the tape T is thin, it does not afect the jointing of the one member A and the other member B.
In a third modified jointing member as shown in Fig. 21, the other member B has an accommodating groove 44 and an embedding groove 45 formed at the bottom of the accommodating groove 44. The anchor portion 23 of the bag body 22 is embedded in and fixed to the embedding groove 45 and the bag body 22 is wound and accommodated in the accommodating groove 44 and a tape T is temporarily adhered to the several spots of the jointiT~ surface 21 of the other member B so as to l,~event the bag body 22 from springing out from the accommodating groove 44. If the filler is forced and fills the bag body 22 after the positioning of both members A
and B, the tape T is peeled off from the jointing surface 21 by the e~nsion force of the bag body 22 so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the accommodating groove 44 and is extended toward the inside of the recessed portion of the one member A. In this case, the tape T does -not affect the jointing of both members A and B since it is thin. The other member B having the bag body 22 is manufactured by introducing concrete into a mold while embedding the bag body 22 integrated with the anchor portion 23 into the mold, wherein a protectinE member is attached to the bag body 22 so as to sulloul,d the bag body 22. The protecting m~mher is pulled out when the concrete is h~rdened.
In the fourth modified jointing member as shown in Fig. 22, an ~ccommodating groove 46 is defined in the jointinE surface 21 of the other member B and a trapezoidal ~nchor portion 47 is provided at the bottom of the other member B. The bottom of the bag body 22 partitioned by a partition 48 is inserted into the anchor portion 47, and the filler C' is injected into the bag body 22 in a factory or a construction site so as to fix it to the anchor portion 47. Thereafter, the bag body 22 is folded and accommo-1~ted in the accommodating groove 46, then the bag body 22 is temporarily fixed by the tape T at several spots thereof, so as to ~levellt the bag body 22 from being sprung out. The partition 48 may be manufactured integrally with the bag body 22 or may be manufactured as a separate memher and is fixed to the bag body 22.
In the fifth modified jointing m~mher as shown in Fig. 23, a slit 49 is formed in the jointing surface 21 of the other member B and a cylindrical ~nchor portion 50 is provided in the bottom portion of the other member B. The bag body 22 has a rhombus-shaped pipe 61 in cross section serving as an introduction passage while interposing it at the center thereo The one side (right side in Fig. 23 ) of the bag body 22 is inserted into the anchor portion 50 through the slit 49 in a factory or a construction site, then the filler C' is injected into the one side of the bag body 22 through another introduction p~ss~ge, thereby fixing the bag body 22 to the anchor portion 60. When the other member B is jointed with the 2i68151 one member A, the bag body 22 of the other member B is inserted into the recessed portion of the one member A, then the filler is pressed and fills the bag body 22 from the introduction port through the pipe 51.
Acco,Lllg to the first to seventh embodiments as shown in Figs. 1 to 23, a hardening filler such as mortar, etc. is used as the filler C so as to form a semi-perm~nent jointing structure. However, gas such as air or liquid such as water can be used as the filler depenlling on the object of the jointinF If the gas or the liquid is used as the filler, jointed portions can be detached from each other.
The jointing method of the present invention can be used for j~inting various members. Detailed or concrete applications for jointing body members to which the present invention is applied will be described with lefele,lce to Figs. 24 through 36.
In the first detailed or concrete application as shown in Fig. 24 wherein the present invention is applied for jointing body members for forming box-shaped culverts. To clarify the structure of the jointing surfaces, there are shown perspective views in Figs. 24(a) and 24(b) which are viewed in different directions.
Each body member 61 has a recessed portion 13 which is formed c;,cu~ferentially along the right side jointing surface 11 and a bag body 22 which is attached circumferentially thereto along the left side jointing surface 21. Two introduction holes 24 are provided at the left end side of upper and lower and left and right surfaces of the body members 61. One of the holes is used for introducing filler in the bag body 22 and the other hole is used for observing the filling state of the filler. Since the bag body 22 is connected to the body member 61, the introduction hole 24 is not always formed on four surfaces of the body m~mber 61. To joint the body members 61, the jointing surfaces 11 and 21 thereof are brought into contact with each other while positioning the recessed portion 13 and the bag body 22 relative to each other and mortar is injected from the introduction hole 24. If the body member 61 is made of a light material, a bolt hole is provided in the body member 61 to ~levent the body members 61 from being moved and separated from each other and the body members 61 are jointed v~ith each other while there are connected to each other by a plate and the plate is removed after the mortar is hardened.
~ mples for assembling the box-shaped culverts from a plate member to the cylindrical member will be now described with reference to Figs. 25 through 28. If each component is ~ssembled in a construction site, it can be easily transported, and a plurality of components can be transported at a time.
In the first example as shown in Fig. 25, concave and convex parts a are provided at jointing surfaces of the plate-shaped lateral members 61 and vertical members 62 in addition to the recessed portion and the bag body so as to form jointing portions J. In such a jointing manner, the lateral members 61 and the vertical members 62 are connected to each other, so that the vertical members 62 are l,lev~llted from being slid to the right and left by the concave and convex parts a.
In the second embodiment as shown in Eig. 26, protrusions 61a are provided on both ends of the lateral members 61 and the protrusions 61a are positioned inwardly by the length corresponding to the thickness of the vertical member 62. External contact surfaces b formed by the protrusions 61a prevent the vertical members 62 from being moved inside.
If temporary mounting members 63 are fixed to the outsides of the jointing surfaces by bolts 64, etc., the vertical members 62 are prevented from being slid outwardly.
In the third example as shown in Fig. 27, stages c are provided on the jointing surfaces of the upper members 65 and the vertical members 66 so as to engage with each other. The jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c. Grooves 67a each having a thickness correspon-ling to that of the vertical members 66 are ~l~fine-l in the grooves 67a, and the vertical members 66 are engaged in the grooves 67a so as to provide two rows of jointing portions J at contact surfaces thereof. In such a jointing m~qnner~ the upper members 65 are prevented from being slid downward because of the states c. The external contact surfaces b present at both sides of the jointing surfaces of the vertical members 66, thereby preventing the vertical members 66 from being slid to the right and left. Fig. 28 is a modification of the third e~mple of Fig 27, wherein protrusions 66a are positioned downwardly by the length correspoll~line to the tllickness of the upper member 65 from the upper surfaces of the vertical members 6~ in Fig. 28, so that the upper members 65 are prevented from being slid by the external contact surfaces b formed by the protrusions 66a.
Fig. 29 shows the second concrete application to which the present invention is applied for jointing the body members forming a water tank.
Plate-shaped body memhers 71, 72 and 73 are assembled in a box-shape and the recessed portions and the bag bodies are respectively provided to form jointing portions J. Since this is used for the water tank, the recessed portions and the bag bodies continue along the four side surfaces thereof and the jointing portions J are arranged in two rows, namely, upper and lower portions of the four surfaces at the corners in Fig. 29.
Since the jointing portions J are arranged in two rows, water tightness of the water tank is enhanced and the jointing portions J function as the reinforcing members so that the water tank can have high strength. The concave and convex portions or stages which are engaged with each other may be provided on the jointing surfaces.
Figs. 30(a) and 30(b) show the third concrete application to which the present invention is applied for jointing a plurality of members folll~illg a circular water tank. Curved block bodies 75 are cylindrically arranged on a ~ coill bottom plate 74, and curved block bodies 76 are laid on the curved block bodies 75, wherein the curved block bodies 75 and 76 are connected to one another by the jointing portions J, thereby forming the water tank. The stages c are pronded on each of the jointing surfaces, and the jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c. In this jointing m~nner, the members of the bottom plate 74, the ~urved block bodies 75 and the block bodies 76 are firmly jointed with one another so as to assure water tightness. Further since the curved block bodies 75 in the first stage are prevented from being moved outwardly relative to the bottom plate 74 due to the stages c, and the block bodies 76 in the second stage are prevented from being outwardly relative to the curved block bodies 75, the water tank can sufficiently resist against high water pressure. When manufacturing the circular watertight water tank, a discoid cover like the bottom plate 74 is placed on the block bodies 76, and the cover may be connected to the block bodies 76 by the jointing portions J
like the bottom plate 74. In the jointing structures of the second and third concrete applications as shown in Figs. 29 and 30(a) and 30(b), the jointin~
portions J may be concealed by providing an a~ opl;ate cover so as to prevent the jointing portions J from being exposed on the end surfaces.
The fourth concrete application and its modifications for jointing bodies constituting a supporting wall will be now described with reference to Figs.31 to 33.
z In the fourth concrete application in Fig 31, a single protrusion 77a is provided on a base member 77 while a single groove 78a which can be engaged with the protrusion 77a is provided in a walls member 78. Two rows of joint;ng portions J each comprising a recessed portion and a bag body are also provided as mentioned above. In such a jointing structure as shown in Fig 31, since the base member 77 and the walls member 78 are connected to each other by tensile strength of the joint;ng portions J, and the protrusion 77a and the groove 78a forming the concave and co-lve,~
portions are engaged with each other, the wall member 78 is prevented from being slid outwardly and can resist an earth pressure F.
In the first modification as shown in Fig 32, a plurality of concave and convex portions a are provided at the jointing surfaces J of the base member 77 and the wall member 78. In this joint;ng state, both memhers are connected by the tensile strength of the jointing surfaces J, and the wall member 78 is prevented from being slid to the right and left by the plurality of concave and convex portions a so that the wall member 78 is evellted from being slid outwardly and can resist the earth pressure F.
In the second modification as shown in Fig. 33, the stages c are provided at the jointing surfaces of the base member 77 and the wall member 78 so as to engage with each other, and the jointing portions J
are provided at both sides of the stages c. In such a jointing state, since the base member 77 and the walls member 78 are connected to each other by tensile strength of the jointing portions J, the walls member 78 is prevented from being slid outwardly by the stage c.
The method of jointing members according to the present invention can be also utilized to joint members such as beams, pillars, walls.
Fig. 34 shows the fifth concrete application for jointing two long structural members 81 and 82 with each other like a T-shape. Such a jointing ætructure is used for example in a T-shaped beam. If a load to be applied to the beam is large, the long structural members 81 and 82 are jointed with each other at the continuous jointing portion J. If the load to be applied to the beam is small, the structural members 81 and 82 may be jointed with each other at the independent jointing portions J.
Fig. 35 shows an e~mple to which the present invention is applied for jointing the long body members 83 and 84 which confront each other.
Such long body members are used, e.g., for joint;ng the walls. In Fig. 35, concave and convex portions are provided at the jointing surfaces thereof, thereby forming three jointing portion J thereon. The number of the jointing portion J may be one, or two, as the need arises. The number of the jointing portion J may also be at least four depentling on the thi~kness of the wall.
Fig. 36 shows the seventh concrete application for jointing structure of a pillar and a beam. A tenon joint 85 made of metal, concrete, synthetic resin, ceramics, etc. is embedded into a base 86, and it is engaged with grooves of a pillar 87 of the first floor, then a grout G is injected through a grout hole 87a so as to fix the pillar 87 to the base 86. Fur~cher, the jointingportions J are provided on the jointing surfaces between the base 86 and the pillar 87 at both sides of the tenon joint 85, thereby assuring the jointing between the base 86 and the pillar 87. Further, another tenon joint 87b is formed on the upper surface of the pillar 87 of the first floor to engage with and fixed to grooves of a pillar 88 of the second floor, and the jointing portions J are provided on the jointing surfaces at both sides of the tenon 87b. Further, the stages c are provided by protrusions 87c at both sides of the upper portion of the pillar 87, and the beaIn 89 is engaged with this stages c and the jointing portions J are provided at both sides of the stages c.
Although we explained the method of jointing the members constituting various structural bodies with reference to Figs. 24 though 36, the present invention is not limited to such structural members, but can be applied to other structural members. Further, the jointing structures as ment;oned in some of the aforementioned embodiments can be applied to the rest of the aforementioned embodiments. For example, the structure of the external contact surfaces used in the vertical members 66 and the lower members 67 in Fig. 27 can be applied to the jointing parts between the base 86 and the pillar 87 in Fig. 36.
The jointing method of the present invention can be also applied to the case for jointing the members, which are previously made of stones, a lump of concrete block, bricks, ceramics, metal, synthetic resins, other construction materials, with one another.
Further, the present invention can be applied to a coupling of the water pipe, a sewage pipe, a gas pipe, etc. An example of the jointing structure adapted for the coupling is illustrated in Figs. 37 and 38. The jointing structure as shown in Figs. 22 and 23 can be applied to the coupling of the water pipe, etc.
F,iFhth Embodiment (E`i~s. 37 and 38):
In the eightll embodiment as shown in Fig. 37, the one member A
and the other mçmher B are made of stones. As a jointing member 90 for ~ointing the one member A and the other member B comprises an anchor portion 92 such as a bolt, etc. at one fixing portion 91 and a bag body 22 at the other fixing portion 91. The fixing portion 91 is formed like a capsule while a cover portion 91a like that as shown in Figs. 17 and 18 is provided to accommodate the bag body 22 therein. The fixing portion 91 and the bag body 22 may be formed individually and fixed to each other. The fixing portion 91 and the bag body 22 may be formed integrally with each other by ` - -2~ i68~1 the same material. If they are formed integrally, hard rubber or synthetic resin may be used as the material thereo First, the other member B is bored by a drill 93 to form a hole 93, and a fixing portion 91 of the jointing member 90 is fixed to the hole 93 by eng~ing or threading the fixing portion 92 into an entrance of the hole 93, then the filler C' is pressed and injected into the hole 93 through an introduction p~s~ge 94 so as to fix the anchor portion 92. A hole 95 is bored in the one member A in a factory or a construction site. After the other member B to which the jointing member 90 is fixed is positioned relative to the one member A and installed on the construction site, the filler C is pressed and fills the bag body 22 through an introduction p~s~ge 96. Upon completion of injection of the filler C, the cover portion 91a of the fixing portion 91 is e~p~n~led so that the bag body 22 is sprung out from the fixing portion 91, then it is exten~e~3 toward the inside of the hole of the other member B and is expanded along the inner peripheral shape of the hole 95. When the filler C is hardened, both member A and B
are jointed with each other.
The modification of the eighth embodiment as shown in Fig. 38 is substantially the same as the eighth embo-liment in Fig. 37 but is di~erent from that in Fig. 37 in respect of a method of fixing the fixing portion 90 relative to the other member B. A bag body 97 is fixed to the fixing member 90 instead of the anchor portion 92. The filler C' is pressed and fills the bag body 97 through the introduction passage 94 to thereby fix the jointing member 90 to the other member B.
The jointing structures as shown in Fig. 37 and 38 is very effective to prevent a tombstone or a monument from being felled down when it is assembled when vertically arranged components or members thereof are jointed with each other.
As mentioned above, the method of jointing the members according to the present invention comprises the steps of bringing two members into contact with each other while positioning them relative to each other at their jointing surfaces, then injecting the filler into the bag body which is attached to the other member so that the bag body is e~panded in the reces~e~ portion provided in one member, whereby the two members can be jointed firmly with each other with simple jointing operation.
Acco.ding to the jointing structure of the present invention, since the bag body attached to the jointing surface of the other member is inserted into the recessed portion formed in the jointing surface of one memher and the bag body is expanded by the filler along the shape of the recesse-l portion, both memhers are jointed with each other in the state where the jointed portions are not exposed to their jointing surfaces and the tensile strength is generated in the bag body e~p~n-led by the fillers in the jointing direction, whereby both members can be firmly jointed with each other while they are fastened to each other.
Further, when the concave and convex portions or stages which are engaged with each other are provided on the jointing surfaces of both members, both members are easily positioned relative to each other when undertaking construction, and they are firmly jointed with each other without being slid after the construction is undertaken, and further the water leakage can be prevented.
Even if the one member and the other member have external contact surfaces at both sides of the jointing surfaces, the positioning between both members can be easily made when undert~s kin~
construction, and both members are prevented from being slid at the external con~art surfaces and they can be firmly jointed with each other at the connected portion thereof.
Claims (22)
1. A method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a recessed portion in the jointing surface of the first member;
integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member, the bag body being arranged to correspond the recessed portion;
bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is inserted into the recessed portion; and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
forming a recessed portion in the jointing surface of the first member;
integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member, the bag body being arranged to correspond the recessed portion;
bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is inserted into the recessed portion; and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
2. A method of Claim 1, wherein at least one row of the recessed portion is provided along the jointing surface of the first member, and the bag bodies are attached to the second member, each bag body being arranged in a band shape so as to correspond to the recessed portion.
3. A method of Claim 1, wherein a plurality of the recessed portions are independently provided in the jointing surface of the first member, a plurality of the bag bodies are provided in the second member, each bag body being arranged in a rod shape so as to correspond to the each recessed portion.
4. A method of jointing at least first and second members which have receptive jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a recessed portion having an entrance in the jointing surface of the first member;
integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member in an accommodated condition, the bag body being arranged to correspond to the recessed portion;
bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is positioned in the entrance of the recessed portion; and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
forming a recessed portion having an entrance in the jointing surface of the first member;
integrally attaching a bag body made of a flexible material to the jointing surface of the second member in an accommodated condition, the bag body being arranged to correspond to the recessed portion;
bringing the respective jointing surfaces of the first and second members into contact with each other while the bag body is positioned in the entrance of the recessed portion; and injecting a filler into the bag body through one of introduction holes formed in the second member so as to expand the bag body in the recessed portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other.
5. A method of Claim 4, wherein at least one row of the recessed portion is provided along the jointing surface of the first member, and the bag bodies are attached to the second member, each bag body being arranged in a band shape so as to correspond to the recessed portion.
6. A method of Claim 4, wherein a plurality of the recessed portions are independently provided in the jointing surface of the first member, a plurality of the bag bodies are provided in the second member, each bag body being arranged in a rod shape so as to correspond to the each recessed portion.
7. A jointing structure comprising first and second members which have respective jointing surfaces and are jointed with each other with the respective jointing surfaces thereof disposed adjacent to one another, the first member having a recessed portion formed therein, the second ember having a bag body made of a flexible material attached to the jointing surface thereof, the bag body disposed within the recessed portion when the fist and second members are jointed together and having a filler injected into the bag body, the bag body being expanded by the filler to form a jointing portion, whereby the first and second members are jointed with each other at the jointing portion.
8. A jointing structure of Claim 7, wherein the bag body is accommodated beforehand in an accommodating groove formed in the jointing surface of the second member, and the jointing portion is formed when the filler is injected into the bag body.
9. The jointing structure of Claim 8, wherein the bag body has an anchor portion.
10. The jointing structure of Claim 8, wherein the bag body has an anchor portion filled with the filler at a bottom portion.
11. The jointing structure of Claim 7, wherein the bag body is accommodated beforehand in a capsule embedded in the second member, the capsule being openable outwardly to the jointing surface of the second member, the jointing portion being formed when the filler is injected into the bag body.
12. The jointing structure of Claim 11, wherein the bag body and the capsule are integrally formed with each other.
13. The jointing structure of Claim 12, wherein the capsule has an anchor portion.
14. The jointing structure of Claim 11, wherein the bag body and the capsule are separately formed with each other.
15. The jointing structure of Claim 14, wherein the bag body is fixed to the capsule by way of rods.
16. The jointing structure of Claim 14 or 15, wherein the capsule has an anchor portion.
17. The jointing structure of any of Claims 7 through 16, wherein at least one row of jointing portions are formed long along the jointing surfaces.
18. The jointing structure of any of Claims 7 through 16, wherein a plurality of jointing portions are formed independently of one another and each arranged in a rod shape.
19. The jointing structure of any of Claims 7 through 18, wherein concave and convex portions are formed on the jointing surfaces of the first and second members, the concave and convex portions being engaged with each other.
20. The jointing structure of any of Claims 7 through 19, the jointing surfaces of the first and second members are formed at both sides of stages.
21. The jointing structure of Claim 20, concave and convex portions of the first and second members are formed at jointing surfaces formed at both sides of the stages, the concave and convex portions being engaged with each other.
22. The jointing structure of any of Claims 7 through 21, wherein the first and second members has external contact surfaces provided on at least one side of the jointing surface on which the jointing portions are formed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14957/95 | 1995-02-01 | ||
| JP7014957A JPH08209812A (en) | 1995-02-01 | 1995-02-01 | Connecting method and connecting structure for member |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2168151A1 true CA2168151A1 (en) | 1996-08-02 |
Family
ID=11875465
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2168151 Abandoned CA2168151A1 (en) | 1995-02-01 | 1996-01-26 | Method of jointing members and a jointing structure |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08209812A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1133928A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2168151A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106193422A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 安庆欣奥新型建材有限公司 | A kind of dismantled and assembled moveable hollow brick |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2333799A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-04 | Buchan C V Ltd | Device for joining two members together |
| JP5187506B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2013-04-24 | 株式会社 林物産発明研究所 | Block and fitting for block |
| JP4877558B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2012-02-15 | 日新興業株式会社 | Concrete civil engineering structure |
| CN102390545B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Assembly type truss connecting element convenient for astronaut to realize on-orbit assembly operation |
| JP2013103176A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Mechatronics Systems Ltd | Water tank dividing method, water tank, and wall body |
| JP2015175195A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-10-05 | 日本ステップ工業株式会社 | Cover for underground structure |
| CN106968346A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-21 | 湖南三快而居住宅工业有限公司 | A kind of concrete prefabricated element and its forming method |
| CN110541717A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏大成轨道科技有限公司 | Annular push-insert type connecting and fastening assembly for shield tunnel segment and application thereof |
| CN116253244A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-13 | 浙大城市学院 | Intelligent directional lifting equipment for assembled wall body |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS542569Y2 (en) * | 1974-01-16 | 1979-02-03 | ||
| JPS5316917A (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-02-16 | Hotsukoushiya Kk | System for sealing pipe joint |
| JPS5540002U (en) * | 1978-09-01 | 1980-03-14 | ||
| JPS60151496A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1985-08-09 | 日本コンクリ−ト工業株式会社 | Method of joining construction of hume pipe |
| JP2837707B2 (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1998-12-16 | 旭化成建材株式会社 | Joint waterproofing method for joints of building materials |
| JPH06272489A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-27 | Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd | Water cut-off method in segment lining |
-
1995
- 1995-02-01 JP JP7014957A patent/JPH08209812A/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 CA CA 2168151 patent/CA2168151A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-31 CN CN 96101249 patent/CN1133928A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106193422A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 安庆欣奥新型建材有限公司 | A kind of dismantled and assembled moveable hollow brick |
| CN106193422B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-07-20 | 安庆欣奥新型建材有限公司 | A kind of dismantled and assembled moveable hollow brick |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1133928A (en) | 1996-10-23 |
| JPH08209812A (en) | 1996-08-13 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |