CA2153293C - Wall insulation structure - Google Patents

Wall insulation structure

Info

Publication number
CA2153293C
CA2153293C CA002153293A CA2153293A CA2153293C CA 2153293 C CA2153293 C CA 2153293C CA 002153293 A CA002153293 A CA 002153293A CA 2153293 A CA2153293 A CA 2153293A CA 2153293 C CA2153293 C CA 2153293C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
studs
horizontally extending
wall
interior
backing member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA002153293A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2153293A1 (en
Inventor
Gaston Landry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA002153293A priority Critical patent/CA2153293C/en
Publication of CA2153293A1 publication Critical patent/CA2153293A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2153293C publication Critical patent/CA2153293C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/02Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
    • E04F21/06Implements for applying plaster, insulating material, or the like
    • E04F21/08Mechanical implements
    • E04F21/085Mechanical implements for filling building cavity walls with insulating materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90Passive houses; Double facade technology

Abstract

There is provided a method for insulating a conventional frame wall which utilizes a plurality of vertically extending supports (studs) wherein horizontally extending furring members are attached to the exterior side of the studs and a backing member is attached to the furring members. Subsequently, a polyurethane foam material is sprayed on the backing member to form a continuous coat thereon to a depth of at least the furring member.

Description

21~32g3 The present invention relates to a wall and a method of insulating a wall.
While there are some relatively minor variations in different types of wall structures, North America in general has certain standards which are widely accepted and utilized for wall structures in residential buildings. For smaller commercial/industrial buildings, similar type structure may be employed. Normally, the wall structure will comprise a plurality of vertical structural members usually referred to as studs extending from the floor to the ceiling. In residential construction, these studs are usually wood.
A great deal of attention has been directed to the thermal insulating of wall structures. To date, many different improvements have been proposed in the art including the use of different types of insulating materials (fiberglass, cellulose, insitu foams, etc.). While most of these materials methods function as intended, it is still desirable to maximize the thermal efficiency of a wall structures.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of insulating a frame wall having a plurality of vertically extending supports, the method comprising the steps of initially securing a plurality of horizontally extending members to the supports on an exterior side of the wall, attaching a backing member to the horizontally extending members, spraying a polyurethane foam material on the backing member and the horizontally extending members to form a coating from an interior side of the frame wall, the polyurethane forming a vapor permeable coating, and subsequently placing a second insulating material between the vertically extending supports adjacent to the polyurethane material.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a frame wall structure which includes a plurality of vertically extending support members, the wall comprising a plurality of horizontally extending members secured to the vertically extending supports on an exterior side of the wall, a backing member secured to said horizontally extending members on an exterior side thereof, a vapor permeable polyurethane foam material being sprayed on the backing members and the horizontally extending members to form a substantially continuous coating, and a second insulating material placed between the vertically extending supports and adjacent to the polyurethane material.
In greater detail, the present invention is designed to reduce heat loss through a wall structure by means of air infiltration. While it has been recognized in the art that increasing the thickness of insulation in a wall structure or the thermal efficiency (R value) thereof reduces heat loss, there is still a substantial amount of heat loss by air infiltration. Attempts to reduce this in the past required very good construction practises including the proper placement of a vapor barrier about potential sites of air infiltration such a electrical boxes and the like.
The present invention provides a method wherein air infiltration can be substantially reduced despite problems which may arise in the construction of the house such as damage to the vapor barrier around the electrical outlets and the like.
According to the practice of the present invention, a plurality of horizontally extending members or furring strips are secured to the vertically extending studs. The number of furring strips will depend on the height of the wall and will also be a function of the backing member material as they serve for attachment of the backing member thereto. As such, they may be spaced apart anywhere between 16 inches to 48 inches. In the case of a wood structure, horizontally extending members may conveniently also be of a
2 x 2 wood furring strips.
Attached to the exteriorly facing side of the horizontally extending members is backing material. The backing member or members are preferably of a material having sufficient rigidity to receive the sprayed polyurethane insulation material. The sheet material forms a complete layer onto which the polyurethane is sprayed.
Conventional materials could include fiberboard or woodboard material or indeed, could comprise the final cladding or exterior material.
The polyurethane is sprayed on the backing material attached to the horizontally extending members from an 21~3293 interior side thereof. As such, the polyurethane will form a continuous barrier against air infiltration. It is, however, important to note that the polyurethane does not form a vapor barrier, rather is permeable to the vapor to prevent any moisture damage to the frame structure.
Subsequently, a second insulation material is placed intermediate the studs in a conventional manner. The second insulation may be selected among many such materials known to those knowlegable in the art. Thus, a conventional material such as fiberglass batts may be employed or alternatively, a pourable material such as mineral wool can be used.
A particularly preferred material is a use of a blown material such as cellulose fiber. Since the polyurethane sprayed on the backing board does not necessarily form a uniform thickness, the advantage of a blown material to a minimum density is that it prevents the packing of the insulation and will tend to fill every cavity. A convenient way of using such material is the use of a retaining perforated layer which is attached to the interiorly facing side of the studs.
In addition to the above, one may follow conventional building practices such as the placement of a vapor barrier on the interior or warm side of the wall followed by the use of conventional finishing materials.
The present invention is preferably practised after the electrical utilities and plumbing utilities have been installed. Thus, when the polyurethane material is sprayed, it will tend to also fill any smaller crevices or cavities created by the installation of electrical or plumbing lines.
Having thus generally described the invention, a reference will be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating an embodiment thereof, in which;
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a building structure illustrating application of a coating according to the present invention; and Figure 2 is a side sectional view through the wall structure of a building.
Referring to the drawings in greater detail and by reference characters thereto, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 a wall structure such as may be used in a residential or a smaller commercial/industrial building. In this respect, the drawings illustrate a lower subterranean portion which includes a footing 12 and a poured concrete wall 14. Resting on top of and supported by wall 14 are a plurality of floor joists 18.
The upper wall structure is shown as being of a wood structure and includes a base plate or sill 20 to which are attached a plurality of vertical studs 22. A pair of top structural members 24 and 26 (typically 2x4s) are on the top of vertical studs 22.
The roof structure includes a plurality of joists 28 and rafters 30 tied together by a suitable nailing plate 32 in a conventional manner.

_ 21S3293 The above described structure is a conventional one used in residential construction.
According to the practice of the present invention, a plurality of horizontal furring members 34 are placed on the exterior face of vertical studs 22 and secured thereto by suitable means such as nails or screws. At the floor area, there are provided vertical furring members 35 which extend downwardly from a lower horizontal furring member 34 while providing access from the interior to the area at the sill. A backing member 36 is then secured to horizontal furring members 34 and vertical members 35. Backing member 36 may be formed of any suitable sheet material such as a fiberboard, plywood, etc. A conventional exterior finish 38 can be applied any time to the wall structure.
As shown in Figure 1, a polyurethane coating 42 may be applied from a suitable source thereof by means of spraying through a hose 40. Polyurethane coating 42 is supplied to a depth to at least fill the cavity between backing member 36 and the exterior face of the studs 22. At the sill area, the total area between the joists and backing member 36 is filled with the polyurethane foam coating. As such, polyurethane coating 42 will form a complete barrier to substantially prevent air infiltration while not forming a vapor barrier to thereby permit the egress of moisture.
Subsequent to the application of the polyurethane coating 42, the remainder of the wall cavity may be filled with a loose fill insulating material 46 or other 21a3293 -conventional insulating material. With the use of loose fill insulating material 46 a membrane 44 is applied to the interior face of the studs and the loose fill material blown within the cavity.
Subsequently, the wall structure may be finished by applying a further horizontal furring 48 on the interior face of the studs and a vapor barrier 50 which may be of a polyethylene material. The interior finish 52 is then applied.
Generally, a preferred polyurethane foam is one that meets C.G.S.B. Standards 51.23-92 and 51.39-92 and is sprayed into the cavity to have a thickness of approximately 1.5 inches. A preferred blown insulation material is cellulose fiber insulation having a density of 3 pounds.
In tests conducted on this system, it was demonstrated that there was approximately 0.85 air changes per hour at 50 Pa.
It will be understood that the above described embodiment is for purposes of illustration only and that changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

The embodiments of an invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A method of insulating a frame wall having a plurality of vertically extending supports, the method comprising the steps of securing a plurality of horizontally extending members to said supports on an exterior side of said wall, attaching a backing member to said horizontally extending members, spraying a polyurethane material on said backing member and said horizontally extending members from an interior side of said frame wall, said polyurethane forming a moisture permeable coating thereon, and placing a second insulating material between said vertically extending supports adjacent to said polyurethane material.
2. The method of Claim 1 wherein said vertically extending supports comprises wood studs.
3. The method of Claim 2 wherein the step of attaching a plurality of horizontally extending members comprises attaching a plurality of wood furring strips to said studs.
4. The method of Claim 3 wherein the step of placing a second insulating material between said vertically extending supports comprises securing a membrane to said supports on an interiorly facing side thereof, and subsequently blowing or placing a loose fill insulating material in a cavity formed between said polyurethane material and said membrane.
5. The method of Claim 4 wherein said loose material is blown cellulose, mineral wool, or fiberglass.
6. The method of Claim 4 further including the step of placing a vapour barrier on an interior side of said wood studs.
7. The method of Claim 6 further including the step of securing an interior wall finish adjacent to said vapour barrier.
8. The method of Claim 4 wherein the step of spraying a polyurethane material on said backing member comprises spraying said polyurethane material to a depth of at least approximately said horizontally extending furring strips.
9. A wall structure comprising a wood frame having a plurality of vertically extending studs each having an interior facing side and an exterior facing side, a plurality of horizontally extending members secured to said vertical studs on said exterior facing side thereof, a sheet backing member secured to said horizontally extending members, an interior wall finish, a vapour barrier between said interior wall and said interior facing side of said studs, a substantially continuous polyurethane coating on said backing member to a depth of at least approximately said horizontally extending members, and a loose fill insulation intermediate said polyurethane material and said vapour barrier.
10. The wall structure of Claim 9 wherein said loose fill insulation is selected from the group consisting of cellulose, mineral wool and fiberglass.
11. The wall structure of Claim 9 further including a plurality of furring strips located on said interior facing side of said vertical studs.
CA002153293A 1995-07-05 1995-07-05 Wall insulation structure Expired - Lifetime CA2153293C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002153293A CA2153293C (en) 1995-07-05 1995-07-05 Wall insulation structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002153293A CA2153293C (en) 1995-07-05 1995-07-05 Wall insulation structure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2153293A1 CA2153293A1 (en) 1997-01-06
CA2153293C true CA2153293C (en) 1999-01-05

Family

ID=4156176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002153293A Expired - Lifetime CA2153293C (en) 1995-07-05 1995-07-05 Wall insulation structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA2153293C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006071519A2 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-06 Johns Manville Method of insulating cavities in a structure using a spray-on method and resultant insulation
US10202774B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2019-02-12 B R Testing Limited Fitting external insulation systems to buildings

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2784433C (en) 2009-12-16 2018-01-09 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Apparatus and methods for application of foam and foam/loosefill insulation systems
WO2018107187A1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Petrosyan Ara Method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building
US11717848B2 (en) * 2020-09-30 2023-08-08 Johns Manville Multiple immediate pass application of high thickness spray foams

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006071519A2 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-06 Johns Manville Method of insulating cavities in a structure using a spray-on method and resultant insulation
WO2006071519A3 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-08-24 Johns Manville Method of insulating cavities in a structure using a spray-on method and resultant insulation
US10202774B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2019-02-12 B R Testing Limited Fitting external insulation systems to buildings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2153293A1 (en) 1997-01-06

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Effective date: 20150706