CA2151764C - Rotary piston machine - Google Patents
Rotary piston machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2151764C CA2151764C CA002151764A CA2151764A CA2151764C CA 2151764 C CA2151764 C CA 2151764C CA 002151764 A CA002151764 A CA 002151764A CA 2151764 A CA2151764 A CA 2151764A CA 2151764 C CA2151764 C CA 2151764C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- housing
- rotor
- sealing
- inlet port
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
- Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
Conventional rotary piston machines include one piston and one or more sealing rotors associated with the piston. Machines with one piston and one rotor result in so-called spots. The multi-rotor machines are inefficient. A solution to this problem takes the form of a machine including a single central sealing rotor and a plurality of pistons in sealing relationship with the sealing rotor.
Description
_ 2151'~~~
This invention relates to a rotary piston machine.
More specifically, the invention relates to a fluid displacement type rotary piston machine which can be used as a motor, pump, compressor or variable speed control device. The machine is operable in either of two directions.
Machines of the type described herein are by no means new. Examples of apparatuses having features in common with the present invention are disclosed by United States Patents Nos. 2,869,522, which issued to D.F. Marean on January 20, 1959; 3,574,491, which issued to E. Martin on April 13, 1971; 2,722,201, which issued to J.K. Muse on November 1, 1955; 3,843,284, which issued to R.G. Spinnett on October 22, 1974; 3,941,527, which issued to J.H. Allington on March 2, 1976; 4,506,637, which issued to W.R. Reinhold on March 26, 1985; 4,697,999, which issued to K. Jauch on October 6, 1987;
4,776,779, which issued to L.R. Crump on October 11, 1988, and 5,032,068, which issued to W.H. Kurherr on July 16, 1991.
In general, the patented inventions include aligned, contiguous cylinders containing a rotary piston and one or more sealing rotors. The cylindrical pistons and rotors include longitudinally extending complementary blades and grooves, whereby the elements mesh with each other for rotation when a fluid enters a housing containing the sealing motors. For the most part, fluid entering the housing passes directly between the area between the piston and rotors.
Thus, the elements of the apparatus tend to be pushed apart and consequently existing devices tend to be somewhat inefficient.
Moreover, and more importantly, conventional wisdom as represented by the above-referenced patents, dictates that a single piston be complemented by one or more sealing rotors.
The present invention has determined that this arrangement is inefficient. When there is one piston or working element and one sealing rotor only, a so-called "dead spot" exists. In multi-cylinder devices of the type in question, using a single piston and a plurality of sealing rotors, it is the piston only which does any work. The other parts, i.e. the rotors merely meter out liquid which does not do useful work.
It is also the contention of the present invention that in devices of the type described herein, the fewer the blades the better. Large numbers of blades mean that large quantities of liquid must be metered out, and increased friction, heat and noise.
An object of the present invention is to avoid the drawbacks of existing devices by providing a relatively simple and efficient rotary piston machine in which fluid passing through the machine tends to force pistons into contact with a sealing rotor.
Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary piston machine which includes a plurality of pistons and a single sealing rotor for relatively high efficiency.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a rotary piston machine, which is relatively quiet, and which utilizes small quantities of operating fluid.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a rotary piston machine comprising housing means; a plurality of
This invention relates to a rotary piston machine.
More specifically, the invention relates to a fluid displacement type rotary piston machine which can be used as a motor, pump, compressor or variable speed control device. The machine is operable in either of two directions.
Machines of the type described herein are by no means new. Examples of apparatuses having features in common with the present invention are disclosed by United States Patents Nos. 2,869,522, which issued to D.F. Marean on January 20, 1959; 3,574,491, which issued to E. Martin on April 13, 1971; 2,722,201, which issued to J.K. Muse on November 1, 1955; 3,843,284, which issued to R.G. Spinnett on October 22, 1974; 3,941,527, which issued to J.H. Allington on March 2, 1976; 4,506,637, which issued to W.R. Reinhold on March 26, 1985; 4,697,999, which issued to K. Jauch on October 6, 1987;
4,776,779, which issued to L.R. Crump on October 11, 1988, and 5,032,068, which issued to W.H. Kurherr on July 16, 1991.
In general, the patented inventions include aligned, contiguous cylinders containing a rotary piston and one or more sealing rotors. The cylindrical pistons and rotors include longitudinally extending complementary blades and grooves, whereby the elements mesh with each other for rotation when a fluid enters a housing containing the sealing motors. For the most part, fluid entering the housing passes directly between the area between the piston and rotors.
Thus, the elements of the apparatus tend to be pushed apart and consequently existing devices tend to be somewhat inefficient.
Moreover, and more importantly, conventional wisdom as represented by the above-referenced patents, dictates that a single piston be complemented by one or more sealing rotors.
The present invention has determined that this arrangement is inefficient. When there is one piston or working element and one sealing rotor only, a so-called "dead spot" exists. In multi-cylinder devices of the type in question, using a single piston and a plurality of sealing rotors, it is the piston only which does any work. The other parts, i.e. the rotors merely meter out liquid which does not do useful work.
It is also the contention of the present invention that in devices of the type described herein, the fewer the blades the better. Large numbers of blades mean that large quantities of liquid must be metered out, and increased friction, heat and noise.
An object of the present invention is to avoid the drawbacks of existing devices by providing a relatively simple and efficient rotary piston machine in which fluid passing through the machine tends to force pistons into contact with a sealing rotor.
Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary piston machine which includes a plurality of pistons and a single sealing rotor for relatively high efficiency.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a rotary piston machine, which is relatively quiet, and which utilizes small quantities of operating fluid.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a rotary piston machine comprising housing means; a plurality of
2 - 21~1~6~
contiguous, overlapping cylinder means extending longitudinally of said housing means; sealing rotor means rotatable in a central one of said cylinder means; piston means in each of the remaining cylinder means; a plurality of groove means extending the length of said sealing rotor means, said groove means being located equidistant apart from each other around the periphery of said sealing rotor means; a plurality of blade means extending the length of each said piston means, said blade means being equal in number to said groove means and being spaced equidistant apart around said piston means for sequentially entering the groove means and establishing sealing relationship therewith during rotation of said rotor means and said piston means; inlet port means in opposite sides of said housing means at the junctions between the sealing rotor means and the piston means; outlet port means for discharging fluid from the housing means at a location in said housing means opposite said inlet port means;
semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal, sectional view of a rotary piston machine in accordance with the invention;
contiguous, overlapping cylinder means extending longitudinally of said housing means; sealing rotor means rotatable in a central one of said cylinder means; piston means in each of the remaining cylinder means; a plurality of groove means extending the length of said sealing rotor means, said groove means being located equidistant apart from each other around the periphery of said sealing rotor means; a plurality of blade means extending the length of each said piston means, said blade means being equal in number to said groove means and being spaced equidistant apart around said piston means for sequentially entering the groove means and establishing sealing relationship therewith during rotation of said rotor means and said piston means; inlet port means in opposite sides of said housing means at the junctions between the sealing rotor means and the piston means; outlet port means for discharging fluid from the housing means at a location in said housing means opposite said inlet port means;
semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal, sectional view of a rotary piston machine in accordance with the invention;
3 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the machine of Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is an isometric view of the moving elements of the machine of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of one side of a sealing rotor and a piston used in the machine of Figs. 1 and 2.
With reference to Figs. 1 and 2, a rotary piston machine in accordance with the present invention includes an elongated housing 1 defined by an oval side wall 2, a bottom wall 3 and a top wall 4. A cover 6, including a side wall 7 and a top wall 8 is mounted on the housing 1. As best shown in Fig. 2, the interior of the housing 1 is divided into three contiguous, overlapping cylinders 9, 10 and 11. Fluid is introduced into and discharged from the housing 1 via inlet ports 12 and 13, respectively on each side of the middle of the housing. For obvious reasons the ports 12 and 13 at one end are opposed to the ports at the other end of the housing.
The central cylinder 9 contains a cylindrical sealing rotor 14, and each of the two end cylinders 10 and 11 contains a cylindrical piston 15. The sealing rotor 14 is mounted on a shaft 16, which is rotatably mounted in bearings 17 and 18 in the bottom and top walls 3 and 4, respectively of the housing 1. The pistons 15 are mounted on shafts 20, which are rotatably supported in the housing 1 by bearings 21 and 22 in the bottom wall 3 and the top wall 4, respectively of the housing 1. Seals 23 are provided beneath the bearings 18 and 22.
Figure 3 is an isometric view of the moving elements of the machine of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of one side of a sealing rotor and a piston used in the machine of Figs. 1 and 2.
With reference to Figs. 1 and 2, a rotary piston machine in accordance with the present invention includes an elongated housing 1 defined by an oval side wall 2, a bottom wall 3 and a top wall 4. A cover 6, including a side wall 7 and a top wall 8 is mounted on the housing 1. As best shown in Fig. 2, the interior of the housing 1 is divided into three contiguous, overlapping cylinders 9, 10 and 11. Fluid is introduced into and discharged from the housing 1 via inlet ports 12 and 13, respectively on each side of the middle of the housing. For obvious reasons the ports 12 and 13 at one end are opposed to the ports at the other end of the housing.
The central cylinder 9 contains a cylindrical sealing rotor 14, and each of the two end cylinders 10 and 11 contains a cylindrical piston 15. The sealing rotor 14 is mounted on a shaft 16, which is rotatably mounted in bearings 17 and 18 in the bottom and top walls 3 and 4, respectively of the housing 1. The pistons 15 are mounted on shafts 20, which are rotatably supported in the housing 1 by bearings 21 and 22 in the bottom wall 3 and the top wall 4, respectively of the housing 1. Seals 23 are provided beneath the bearings 18 and 22.
4 Referring to Fig. 3, three grooves 24 extend longitudinally of the sealing rotor 14. The grooves 24 are spaced equidistant apart (at approximately 120° to each other) around the periphery of the rotor 14. The grooves 24 are complementary in shape to the shape of three longitudinally extending blades 25 on each of the pistons 15. The spacing between the longitudinal axes of the rotor 14 and of the pistons 15, and the dimensions of the grooves 24 and of the blades 25 are such that there is sealing engagement between the blades and the grooves during rotation of the rotor 14 and of the piston 15. The pistons 15 are identical and are symmetrical with respect to the rotor 14, i.e. when one blade 25 on one piston 15 is facing the rotor 14, the corresponding blade 25 on the other piston 15 is located on the side of its piston diametrically opposed to the point of contact between the rotor and such one piston. When corresponding blades 25 on the two pistons are aligned with each other and with the longitudinal axes of the rotor 14 and of the pistons 15, adjacent blades 25 of one piston 15 define a chamber 27 (on the left in Fig. 2) containing fluid which tends to press the piston 15 towards the rotor 14. The medium trapped in the sealed chamber 27 functions as a sealant and lubricant, and increases the accuracy of rotation.
The pistons 15 are caused to rotate in unison with the sealing rotor 14 by timing gears 28 and 29 mounted on the shaft 16 of the rotor 14 and the shafts 20 of the pistons 15, respectively. The timing gears 28 and 29 are housed in a chamber 30 defined by the cover 6 on the housing 1. As shown
The pistons 15 are caused to rotate in unison with the sealing rotor 14 by timing gears 28 and 29 mounted on the shaft 16 of the rotor 14 and the shafts 20 of the pistons 15, respectively. The timing gears 28 and 29 are housed in a chamber 30 defined by the cover 6 on the housing 1. As shown
5 in Fig. 1, the shaft 16 carrying the sealing rotor 14 extends through bearing 32 in the top wall 8 of the cover 6. A seal 33 is provided on the rotor 14 above the bearing 32. When the machine is used as a pump, the outer, free end 34 of the shaft 16 is connected to a motor (not shown) or other source of power, rotation of the shaft driving fluid through the housing 1.
As best shown in Fig. 4, spaced apart recesses 35 are provided in the top wall 4 of the housing 1. The recesses 35 extend radially with respect to the pistons 15 overlapping the area of overlap between the pistons and the rotor 14.
While the recesses 35 are shown as being oval, the shape of the recesses is of no great consequence. Moreover, the recesses 35 could be located in the bottom wall 3 of the housing 1, or in both the bottom and top walls. The recesses 35 permit the escape of trapped medium from the area between the rotor 14 and the pistons 15. Thus, noise, heat and friction are reduced. The number and dimensions of the recesses 35 are dictated by the type of fluid (gas or liquid) used in the machine and by the intended operating speed of the machine. Moreover, the piston can be smaller than the rotor 14 and can rotate faster than the rotor. This arrangement, which makes the machine more efficient, is not possible with prior art devices in which the piston is in the center.
It will be appreciated that various changes can be made to the machine without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, changes can be made to the inlet and
As best shown in Fig. 4, spaced apart recesses 35 are provided in the top wall 4 of the housing 1. The recesses 35 extend radially with respect to the pistons 15 overlapping the area of overlap between the pistons and the rotor 14.
While the recesses 35 are shown as being oval, the shape of the recesses is of no great consequence. Moreover, the recesses 35 could be located in the bottom wall 3 of the housing 1, or in both the bottom and top walls. The recesses 35 permit the escape of trapped medium from the area between the rotor 14 and the pistons 15. Thus, noise, heat and friction are reduced. The number and dimensions of the recesses 35 are dictated by the type of fluid (gas or liquid) used in the machine and by the intended operating speed of the machine. Moreover, the piston can be smaller than the rotor 14 and can rotate faster than the rotor. This arrangement, which makes the machine more efficient, is not possible with prior art devices in which the piston is in the center.
It will be appreciated that various changes can be made to the machine without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, changes can be made to the inlet and
6 2151?64 outlet ports 12 and 13, respectively to facilitate the smooth flow of fluid through the machine.
In operation, when the machine is being used as an engine, fluid under pressure is introduced into the housing 1 via the inlet ports 12. The fluid passes around the periphery of the pistons 15 at the ends of the housing 1, i.e. through the semi-annular passages around the pistons 15 causing the latter to rotate. The pistons 15 drive the rotor 14, and the shaft 16 becomes a power take-off or driven shaft. Operation of the machine as a pump is described above.
In operation, when the machine is being used as an engine, fluid under pressure is introduced into the housing 1 via the inlet ports 12. The fluid passes around the periphery of the pistons 15 at the ends of the housing 1, i.e. through the semi-annular passages around the pistons 15 causing the latter to rotate. The pistons 15 drive the rotor 14, and the shaft 16 becomes a power take-off or driven shaft. Operation of the machine as a pump is described above.
7
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A rotary piston machine comprising housing means; a plurality of contiguous, overlapping cylinder means in said housing means including a central cylinder and a plurality of end cylinders; sealing rotor means in said central cylinder means; piston means in each of the end cylinder means; a plurality of groove means extending the length of said sealing rotor means, said groove means being located equidistant apart from each other around the periphery of said sealing rotor means; a plurality of blade means extending the length of each said piston means, said blade means being equal in number to said groove means and being spaced equidistant apart around said piston means for sequentially entering the groove means and establishing sealing relationship therewith during rotation of said rotor means and said piston means; inlet port means in opposite sides of said housing means at junctions between the sealing-rotor means and the piston means; outlet port means for discharging fluid from the housing means at a location in said housing means opposite said inlet port means;
semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
2. A rotary piston machine comprising housing means;
three contiguous, overlapping cylinder means extending longitudinally of said housing means; sealing rotor means rotatable in a central one of said cylinder means; piston means in each of the remaining two cylinder means; three groove means extending the length of said sealing rotor means, said groove means being located at 120° apart from each other around the periphery of said sealing rotor means; three blade means extending the length of each said piston means, said blade means being spaced equidistant apart around said piston means for sequentially entering the groove means and establishing sealing relationship therewith during rotation of said rotor means and said piston means; inlet port means in opposite sides of said housing means at junctions between the sealing rotor means and the piston means; outlet port means for discharging fluid from the housing means at a location in said housing means opposite said inlet port means; semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed-chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
three contiguous, overlapping cylinder means extending longitudinally of said housing means; sealing rotor means rotatable in a central one of said cylinder means; piston means in each of the remaining two cylinder means; three groove means extending the length of said sealing rotor means, said groove means being located at 120° apart from each other around the periphery of said sealing rotor means; three blade means extending the length of each said piston means, said blade means being spaced equidistant apart around said piston means for sequentially entering the groove means and establishing sealing relationship therewith during rotation of said rotor means and said piston means; inlet port means in opposite sides of said housing means at junctions between the sealing rotor means and the piston means; outlet port means for discharging fluid from the housing means at a location in said housing means opposite said inlet port means; semi-annular passage means in said housing means around each said piston means for permitting the passage of fluid tangentially around each said piston means between said inlet port means and said outlet port means during rotation of said piston means; adjacent pairs of blade means creating sealed-chambers in the housing means, separating the inlet port means from said outlet port means, whereby fluid in said chambers presses said piston means towards said sealing rotor means.
3. A rotary piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, including recess means in said housing means at one end of said piston means in the area of the junctions between said rotor means and said piston means, said recess means permitting the escape of fluid from between said rotor means and said piston means for reducing noise, friction and heat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002151764A CA2151764C (en) | 1995-06-14 | 1995-06-14 | Rotary piston machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002151764A CA2151764C (en) | 1995-06-14 | 1995-06-14 | Rotary piston machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2151764A1 CA2151764A1 (en) | 1996-12-15 |
| CA2151764C true CA2151764C (en) | 2004-10-19 |
Family
ID=4156043
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002151764A Expired - Fee Related CA2151764C (en) | 1995-06-14 | 1995-06-14 | Rotary piston machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2151764C (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-06-14 CA CA002151764A patent/CA2151764C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2151764A1 (en) | 1996-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20140616 |