CA2147975C - Bifunctional airelectrode - Google Patents
Bifunctional airelectrodeInfo
- Publication number
- CA2147975C CA2147975C CA002147975A CA2147975A CA2147975C CA 2147975 C CA2147975 C CA 2147975C CA 002147975 A CA002147975 A CA 002147975A CA 2147975 A CA2147975 A CA 2147975A CA 2147975 C CA2147975 C CA 2147975C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- active layer
- bifunctional
- electrode
- oxygen
- oxygen evolution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical class [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910005507 FeWO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 110
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- QBCIMRXPMLWVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Co+2].C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(C1=CC=C([N-]1)C(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=N1)C(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)=C1C=CC([N-]1)=C1C=2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)=C2N=C1C=C2 QBCIMRXPMLWVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017852 NH2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(I) nitrate Inorganic materials [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical group [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/969,433 US5306579A (en) | 1992-10-30 | 1992-10-30 | Bifunctional metal-air electrode |
| US07/969,433 | 1992-10-30 | ||
| PCT/US1993/010349 WO1994010714A1 (en) | 1992-10-30 | 1993-10-28 | Bifunctional airelectrode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2147975A1 CA2147975A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| CA2147975C true CA2147975C (en) | 1999-08-31 |
Family
ID=25515556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002147975A Expired - Fee Related CA2147975C (en) | 1992-10-30 | 1993-10-28 | Bifunctional airelectrode |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5306579A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0667041B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2866479B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE138502T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU5542094A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2147975C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69302827T2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994010714A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (63)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4340486C1 (de) * | 1993-11-27 | 1995-06-01 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Brennstoffzelle |
| US5569551A (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-10-29 | Aer Energy Resources Inc. | Dual air elecrtrode cell |
| US5691074A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-11-25 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Diffusion controlled air vent for a metal-air battery |
| US5919582A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1999-07-06 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Diffusion controlled air vent and recirculation air manager for a metal-air battery |
| WO1998028805A1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Mercury-free zinc anode for electrochemical cell and method for making same |
| US5733677A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-03-31 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Metal-air electrochemical cell with oxygen reservoir |
| US5985475A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-11-16 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Membrane for selective transport of oxygen over water vapor and metal-air electrochemical cell including said membrane |
| US6106962A (en) | 1997-09-24 | 2000-08-22 | Aer Energy Resources Inc. | Air manager control using cell voltage as auto-reference |
| US6239508B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-05-29 | Reveo, Inc. | Electrical power generation system having means for managing the discharging and recharging of metal fuel contained within a network of metal-air fuel cell battery subsystems |
| US6348277B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2002-02-19 | Reveo, Inc. | Method of and system for producing and supplying electrical power to an electrical power consuming device using a metal-air fuel cell battery (FCB) module and a supply of metal-fuel cards |
| US6641943B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2003-11-04 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery system having means for recording and reading operating parameters during discharging and recharging modes of operation |
| US6287715B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-09-11 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery system having means for controlling discharging and recharging parameters for improved operating efficiency |
| US6472093B2 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2002-10-29 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery systems having a metal-fuel card storage cartridge, insertable within a fuel cartridge insertion port, containing a supply of substantially planar discrete metal-fuel cards, and fuel card transport mechanisms therein |
| US6296960B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-02 | Reveo, Inc. | System and method for producing electrical power using metal-air fuel cell battery technology |
| US6558829B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2003-05-06 | Reveo, Inc. | Appliance with refuelable and rechargeable metal-air fuel cell battery power supply unit integrated therein |
| US6569555B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2003-05-27 | Reveo, Inc. | Refuelable and rechargeable metal-air fuel cell battery power supply unit for integration into an appliance |
| US6451463B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2002-09-17 | Reveo, Inc. | Electro-chemical power generation systems employing arrays of electronically-controllable discharging and/or recharging cells within a unity support structure |
| US6299997B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-09 | Reveo, Inc. | Ionically-conductive belt structure for use in a metal-air fuel cell battery system and method of fabricating the same |
| US6228519B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-05-08 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery systems having mechanism for extending the path length of metal-fuel tape during discharging and recharging modes of operation |
| US6335111B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2002-01-01 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery system employing a plurality of moving cathode structures for improved volumetric power density |
| US6306534B1 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-23 | Reveo, Inc. | Metal-air fuel cell battery systems employing means for discharging and recharging metal-fuel cards |
| US6068944A (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-05-30 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Air distributors for metal-air cells |
| US6087029A (en) * | 1998-01-06 | 2000-07-11 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Water recovery using a bi-directional air exchanger for a metal-air battery |
| US6069107A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-05-30 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Recharge catalyst with thin film carbon coating, metal-air electrode including said catalyst and methods for making said catalyst and electrode |
| US6127060A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-10-03 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Recharge catalyst with thin film low corrosion coating, metal-air electrode including said catalyst and methods for making said catalyst and electrode |
| US6291090B1 (en) | 1998-09-17 | 2001-09-18 | Aer Energy Resources, Inc. | Method for making metal-air electrode with water soluble catalyst precursors |
| US6127061A (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-10-03 | High-Density Energy, Inc. | Catalytic air cathode for air-metal batteries |
| US6299998B1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 2001-10-09 | Reveo, Inc. | Movable anode fuel cell battery |
| CA2371150A1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-26 | Zinc Air Power Corporation | Lanthanum nickel compound/metal mixture as a third electrode in a metal-air battery |
| US6653003B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2003-11-25 | Reveo Inc. | Fuel cell support and electrical interconnector |
| US6183894B1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-02-06 | Brookhaven Science Associates | Electrocatalyst for alcohol oxidation in fuel cells |
| US6558825B1 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2003-05-06 | Reveo, Inc. | Fuel containment and recycling system |
| US6824915B1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2004-11-30 | The Gillette Company | Air managing systems and methods for gas depolarized power supplies utilizing a diaphragm |
| US6586909B1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-01 | Ron Trepka | Parallel battery charging device |
| US7332238B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2008-02-19 | The Gillette Company | Electrochemical cells and systems |
| US20040048146A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-11 | David Adamson | Electrochemical cells and systems |
| CN100595950C (zh) * | 2004-06-10 | 2010-03-24 | 加利福尼亚技术学院 | 制造固体酸燃料电池膜电极组件的生产工艺 |
| KR20080083112A (ko) * | 2005-12-06 | 2008-09-16 | 리볼트 테크놀로지 리미티드 | 이기능성 공기 전극 |
| CN101326675B (zh) * | 2005-12-06 | 2012-06-06 | 雷沃尔特科技有限公司 | 双功能空气电极 |
| JP5320579B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-05 | 2013-10-23 | 清蔵 宮田 | ガス拡散電極及びその製造方法、膜電極接合体及びその製造方法、燃料電池部材及びその製造方法、燃料電池、蓄電装置及び電極材 |
| JP5088378B2 (ja) | 2008-10-30 | 2012-12-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 金属空気電池、及び金属空気電池の製造方法 |
| WO2010100636A1 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-10 | Technion Research & Development Foundation Ltd. | Silicon-air batteries |
| US8685575B2 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2014-04-01 | National Research Council Of Canada | Air cathode for metal-air fuel cells |
| WO2011061728A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-26 | Technion Research & Development Foundation Ltd. | Silicon-air batteries |
| US8802304B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2014-08-12 | Eos Energy Storage, Llc | Bifunctional (rechargeable) air electrodes comprising a corrosion-resistant outer layer and conductive inner layer |
| US9305716B2 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2016-04-05 | Imra America, Inc. | Rechargeable electrochemical energy storage device |
| FR2975534B1 (fr) | 2011-05-19 | 2013-06-28 | Electricite De France | Accumulateur metal-air avec dispositif de protection de l'electrode a air |
| US9711830B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2017-07-18 | Panisolar Inc. | Electrochemically rechargeable metal-air cell with a replaceable metal anode |
| WO2013090680A2 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Eos Energy Storage, Llc | Electrically rechargeable, metal anode cell and battery systems and methods |
| US8968534B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2015-03-03 | Toyota Motor Egineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Water oxidation catalyst |
| JP5880224B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-02 | 2016-03-08 | ソニー株式会社 | 空気電池および電子機器 |
| IN2015DN00813A (de) | 2012-07-18 | 2015-06-12 | Aza Holding Pte Ltd | |
| JP2014072079A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属空気電池用の空気極 |
| JP5755624B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-15 | 2015-07-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 空気電池用空気極及び空気電池 |
| FR2998719B1 (fr) | 2012-11-29 | 2016-05-06 | Electricite De France | Batterie metal-air avec dispositif de controle du potentiel de l'electrode negative |
| FR2998718B1 (fr) | 2012-11-29 | 2015-12-18 | Electricite De France | Procede de charge d'une batterie zinc-air a potentiel limite |
| FR3013899B1 (fr) | 2013-11-22 | 2018-04-27 | Electricite De France | Batterie a electrode a air extractible |
| JP6070671B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-09 | 2017-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 空気電池 |
| EP3235039B1 (de) * | 2014-12-15 | 2019-04-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Membranelektrodenanordnung |
| WO2016132932A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-25 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | 酸素還元反応用触媒及び金属空気二次電池用空気極 |
| KR102420010B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-29 | 2022-07-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 금속-공기 전지장치 및 금속-공기 전지장치의 작동 방법 |
| CN106374115A (zh) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-01 | 深圳市锐劲宝能源电子有限公司 | 多层复合氧催化电极及其制作方法 |
| EP3965195A1 (de) | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-09 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Elektrokatalysatorzusammensetzung mit redox-puffermetalloxiden für bifunktionale luftelektrode |
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| KR830007884A (ko) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-11-07 | 앤 시이 헤릭크 | 삼층으로 적층된 메트릭스 전극 |
| US4354958A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-10-19 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Fibrillated matrix active layer for an electrode |
| US4341848A (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-07-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Bifunctional air electrodes containing elemental iron powder charging additive |
| US4409301A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-10-11 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Bifunctional gas diffusion electrode |
| US4623597A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1986-11-18 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Rechargeable battery and electrode used therein |
| US4444852A (en) * | 1982-08-27 | 1984-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Size and weight graded multi-ply laminar electrodes |
| US4448856A (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-05-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Battery and fuel cell electrodes containing stainless steel charging additive |
| US4477540A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1984-10-16 | Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. | Metal-gas cell with electrolyte reservoir |
| US4615954A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-10-07 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Fast response, high rate, gas diffusion electrode and method of making same |
| US4877694A (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1989-10-31 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Gas diffusion electrode |
| US5032473A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1991-07-16 | Alupower, Inc. | Electrochemical cathode |
| US4927514A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1990-05-22 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Platinum black air cathode, method of operating same, and layered gas diffusion electrode of improved inter-layer bonding |
| US4957826A (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1990-09-18 | Dreisbach Electromotive, Inc. | Rechargeable metal-air battery |
-
1992
- 1992-10-30 US US07/969,433 patent/US5306579A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-10-28 DE DE69302827T patent/DE69302827T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-28 AU AU55420/94A patent/AU5542094A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-10-28 CA CA002147975A patent/CA2147975C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-28 JP JP6511315A patent/JP2866479B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-10-28 AT AT94900425T patent/ATE138502T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-10-28 EP EP94900425A patent/EP0667041B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-10-28 WO PCT/US1993/010349 patent/WO1994010714A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2147975A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| EP0667041B1 (de) | 1996-05-22 |
| ATE138502T1 (de) | 1996-06-15 |
| DE69302827D1 (de) | 1996-06-27 |
| US5306579A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
| DE69302827T2 (de) | 1996-12-12 |
| EP0667041A1 (de) | 1995-08-16 |
| JP2866479B2 (ja) | 1999-03-08 |
| WO1994010714A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| JPH08504998A (ja) | 1996-05-28 |
| AU5542094A (en) | 1994-05-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |