CA2144261C - High speed cutting insert with improved chip groove - Google Patents
High speed cutting insert with improved chip grooveInfo
- Publication number
- CA2144261C CA2144261C CA002144261A CA2144261A CA2144261C CA 2144261 C CA2144261 C CA 2144261C CA 002144261 A CA002144261 A CA 002144261A CA 2144261 A CA2144261 A CA 2144261A CA 2144261 C CA2144261 C CA 2144261C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- chip
- planar
- cutting
- chip groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
A polygonal indexable cutting insert with improved chip control design having a radiused chip groove and discontinuous chip breaker pads for use in turning operations.
Description
~ . ~
21~61 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) HIGH SPEED CUTTING INSERT
WITH IMPROVED CHIP GROOVE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention.
The present invention relates to a high speed cutting insert with improved chip 5 groove design for use in tuming op~, . ,~.
The present invention further relates to a polygonal ~hl u :. :ay insert to turn ductile and super alloy materials at moderate to high cutting speeds at low feed rates and light depths of cut The present invention further relates to a polygonal indexable cutting insert with 10 improved chip groove design for use with ISO screw fasteners to seat the insert in a tool holder pocket.
The present invention further relates to an improved cutting insert with a high cutting land along the entire cutting edge to provide increased sheer, and a full radius chip groove to curl inserts at right angles to increase bl t:ak ' :"~y of the chips, and a chip 15 breaker pad which is discontinuous with the central locating surface to enhance strains induced into the chip and provide access for coolant to reduce thermal shock to the insert body during use.
21~61 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) HIGH SPEED CUTTING INSERT
WITH IMPROVED CHIP GROOVE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention.
The present invention relates to a high speed cutting insert with improved chip 5 groove design for use in tuming op~, . ,~.
The present invention further relates to a polygonal ~hl u :. :ay insert to turn ductile and super alloy materials at moderate to high cutting speeds at low feed rates and light depths of cut The present invention further relates to a polygonal indexable cutting insert with 10 improved chip groove design for use with ISO screw fasteners to seat the insert in a tool holder pocket.
The present invention further relates to an improved cutting insert with a high cutting land along the entire cutting edge to provide increased sheer, and a full radius chip groove to curl inserts at right angles to increase bl t:ak ' :"~y of the chips, and a chip 15 breaker pad which is discontinuous with the central locating surface to enhance strains induced into the chip and provide access for coolant to reduce thermal shock to the insert body during use.
2. Description of the Related Art.
Bernadic et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,856,942 discloses a polygonal cutting insert for 20 cutting aluminum metal which cu,,,~ es rounded cutting corners with adjacent side 214~261 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) surfaces joined at an angle from about 33 to 35 degrees. Grooved recesses extending along each cutting edge have a particular geometry which includes a shallow descending surface followed by a steeply descending surface leading to the bottom of the grooved recess. There is no showing of the radiused chip groove design of the instant invention, 5 and neither is there are showing of the discontinuous chip breaker pads of the instant invention.
Bemadic et al.. U.S. Patent No. 5,180,258 discloses a high feed/heavy depth of cut polygonal lhluc .~y insert for use in the aluminum wheel turning market. The cutting land has "tooth iike" cavities along its flanks to reduce friction and so allow for 10 increased material removal rates. A chip breaker pad is provided at each nose portion of the insert which is contiguous, and directly adjacent to, the cutting land. In addition, there are also provided separate island forms, to allow work piece material to flow around increase the material removal rate.
This diflers from the instant invention because there is no showing of the radiused 15 chip groove design, and further, no showing of the discontinuous chip breaker pads which are separated from the cutting land by the improved chip groove design.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a polygonai, indexable cutting insert for use inturningoperationsinvolvingductileandsuperalloymaterials. Theinsertiscu,,,prised 20 of an upper surface and a iower suriace, which are generaliy planar and separated by ~ 21~261 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) a side wall extending sulJaLdlllia:ly unbroken therebetween to define a body. It is preferred that the insert be positive, so that those skilled in the art recognize that the il,Lt,ae.Lion of the sidewall with the lower surface is at an obtuse angle, as measured relative to lower surface, and the i"lt:,ae~Lion of the sidewall with the upper surface, 5 which defines the cutting edge, is at an acute angle, relative to the upper surface.
However, it is cOlll~lllplaL~d that the insert may be negative, in which case the i~L~,ae.;Liun of the sidewall with the upper and lower surface is at right angles. The cutting edge extends around the entire periphery of the insert.
Each side wall is cur~lJrised of side flanks, each side flank being defined as that 10 portion of the sidewall extending from the corner to an adjacent corner of the insert.
At least two .li~ llica:l~ opposed corners of the insert are nose portions of the insert.
A positive planar cutting land entry surface descends from the cutting edge and joins a generally radiused chip groove floor rearward which is rearward of the cutting land. A generally planar locating surFace is disposed on the upper surface and projects 15 from the cutting land entry surface above the periphery of the insert. The locating surface surrounds a centrally located aperture extending through the upper surface and exiting from the lower surface. The locating surface had an inclined, planar chip braking ramp surface extending, along the flanks, to said chip groove floor.
The insert is further equipped with chip breaker pads at said nose portions, which 20 project above the periphery cutting edge, but below the locating surface. The nose ~ 214~2~
(VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) portions are discontinuous from the locating surface and have an asct:".li"g surFace i, ,lc;,:,e.;ti, ,g with, and rearward from, the radiused chip groove. The chip breaker pads have a generally planar top fomm surface 50, and is separated from the locating surface by a top form channel. The top form channel allows coolant to flow around the chip 5 breaker pad and cool the insert, thereby decreasing any thermal shock to the insert during cutting.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a three dimensional perspertive view of the insert.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the insert.
Figure 3 is a detailed cut away view of the insert taken along line 3 - 3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a detailed cut away view of the insert taken along line 4 - 4 of Figure 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Turning now to the drawings wherein like numerals depict like structures, and particularly to Figures 1 and 2, polygonal indexable insert 10 is col"~ cl of upper surface 12, lower surface 14, separated by sidewall 16 extending sul.~l~"li...'y unbroken Ih~,~Lt~ an to define the body 18 of the insert. The upper and lower surfaces are generally planar and generally parallel to each other.
-- 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) The side wall is con,~iised of side flanks which are defined as a portion of the side wall extending from one comer to an adjacent corner of the insert. Thus, in the insert depicted in the drawings, there are four side flanks 22, 24, 26, and 28, extending from comers 21, 23, 25, and 27 r~ Je~,ti~cly. Note that at least two didlll~tli-;.~l,, 5 opposed comers are nose portions 38 and 40.
The side flanks are generally planar, and the sidewall intersects the upper surFace to form a cutting edge 28, extending around the periphery of the insert. The side flanks intersect each other at the nose portions of the insert at an angle of about 33 to 38 degrees, and at the non cutting comers 23 and 27 at an angle which is supplemental to nose portions.
For purposes of the following discussion, rearward is toward the center of the insert relative to the cutting edge, whereas forwardly is away from the center of the insert, relative to the cutting edge.
Rearward of the cutting edge is descending entry surFace 30, which extends around the entire cutting edge of the insert. The entry surface is generally planar and 15 descends from the cutting edge such that it is inclined in a positive direction relative to the cutting edge. Preferably, the entry surFace is inclined 14 degrees.
Turning now to Figures 3 and 4, rearward of the entry surface is radiused chip groove 32, which is concavely radiused. Preferably, the chip groove is radiused .02 inches. As seen in Figures 1 and 2, the insert is further equipped with a locating surface 20 46 which, as seen in Figure 3 and 4, projects above the periphery of the insert. The 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) locating surface surrounds a centrally located aperture 56, which extends through the upper surface and exits from the lower surFace. The aperture is configured such that it accepts an ISO screw fastener, such as is well known to those skilled it the art. The locating surface has a generally planar seating surface and an inclined, planar, chip ramp breaking surFace. Along the flank of the insert the ramp surFace intersects the radiused chip groove floor. Preferably, the ramp surface is planar and inclined at a 35 degree angle.
Each nose portion has a chip breaker pad 42 and 44, respectively, which are separated, or discontinuous with, the locating surFace on the upper surface of the insert.
The chip breaker pads are in close proximity, but separated from the entry surface and project above the periphery of the cutting edge, but are below the locating surface.
Turning to Figure 4, the chip pad has a planar chip pad asc~"di"g surface 48 rearward of the chip groove floor, and intersect a top surface 50 on the chip pad. The top surface is generally planar. The chip pad ascending surface 48 in preferably inclined at a 35 degree angle. Rearward of the top surface is chip pad descending surface 52, which intersects planar channel floor 54. The planar channel floor intersects the ramp surface 34 on the locating surFace.
The insert as described herein is designed to turn ductile or s uper alloy materials at a moderate to high cutting speeds at low feed rates and depths of cuts. Specifically, the feed rates are in the range of about .004 to .010 IPR and has a depth of cuts in the 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) range of about .010 to .080 inches.
While one ~",bodi",e"l has been described with regard to this invention many variations are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in appended claims.
Bernadic et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,856,942 discloses a polygonal cutting insert for 20 cutting aluminum metal which cu,,,~ es rounded cutting corners with adjacent side 214~261 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) surfaces joined at an angle from about 33 to 35 degrees. Grooved recesses extending along each cutting edge have a particular geometry which includes a shallow descending surface followed by a steeply descending surface leading to the bottom of the grooved recess. There is no showing of the radiused chip groove design of the instant invention, 5 and neither is there are showing of the discontinuous chip breaker pads of the instant invention.
Bemadic et al.. U.S. Patent No. 5,180,258 discloses a high feed/heavy depth of cut polygonal lhluc .~y insert for use in the aluminum wheel turning market. The cutting land has "tooth iike" cavities along its flanks to reduce friction and so allow for 10 increased material removal rates. A chip breaker pad is provided at each nose portion of the insert which is contiguous, and directly adjacent to, the cutting land. In addition, there are also provided separate island forms, to allow work piece material to flow around increase the material removal rate.
This diflers from the instant invention because there is no showing of the radiused 15 chip groove design, and further, no showing of the discontinuous chip breaker pads which are separated from the cutting land by the improved chip groove design.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a polygonai, indexable cutting insert for use inturningoperationsinvolvingductileandsuperalloymaterials. Theinsertiscu,,,prised 20 of an upper surface and a iower suriace, which are generaliy planar and separated by ~ 21~261 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) a side wall extending sulJaLdlllia:ly unbroken therebetween to define a body. It is preferred that the insert be positive, so that those skilled in the art recognize that the il,Lt,ae.Lion of the sidewall with the lower surface is at an obtuse angle, as measured relative to lower surface, and the i"lt:,ae~Lion of the sidewall with the upper surface, 5 which defines the cutting edge, is at an acute angle, relative to the upper surface.
However, it is cOlll~lllplaL~d that the insert may be negative, in which case the i~L~,ae.;Liun of the sidewall with the upper and lower surface is at right angles. The cutting edge extends around the entire periphery of the insert.
Each side wall is cur~lJrised of side flanks, each side flank being defined as that 10 portion of the sidewall extending from the corner to an adjacent corner of the insert.
At least two .li~ llica:l~ opposed corners of the insert are nose portions of the insert.
A positive planar cutting land entry surface descends from the cutting edge and joins a generally radiused chip groove floor rearward which is rearward of the cutting land. A generally planar locating surFace is disposed on the upper surface and projects 15 from the cutting land entry surface above the periphery of the insert. The locating surface surrounds a centrally located aperture extending through the upper surface and exiting from the lower surface. The locating surface had an inclined, planar chip braking ramp surface extending, along the flanks, to said chip groove floor.
The insert is further equipped with chip breaker pads at said nose portions, which 20 project above the periphery cutting edge, but below the locating surface. The nose ~ 214~2~
(VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) portions are discontinuous from the locating surface and have an asct:".li"g surFace i, ,lc;,:,e.;ti, ,g with, and rearward from, the radiused chip groove. The chip breaker pads have a generally planar top fomm surface 50, and is separated from the locating surface by a top form channel. The top form channel allows coolant to flow around the chip 5 breaker pad and cool the insert, thereby decreasing any thermal shock to the insert during cutting.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a three dimensional perspertive view of the insert.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the insert.
Figure 3 is a detailed cut away view of the insert taken along line 3 - 3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a detailed cut away view of the insert taken along line 4 - 4 of Figure 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Turning now to the drawings wherein like numerals depict like structures, and particularly to Figures 1 and 2, polygonal indexable insert 10 is col"~ cl of upper surface 12, lower surface 14, separated by sidewall 16 extending sul.~l~"li...'y unbroken Ih~,~Lt~ an to define the body 18 of the insert. The upper and lower surfaces are generally planar and generally parallel to each other.
-- 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) The side wall is con,~iised of side flanks which are defined as a portion of the side wall extending from one comer to an adjacent corner of the insert. Thus, in the insert depicted in the drawings, there are four side flanks 22, 24, 26, and 28, extending from comers 21, 23, 25, and 27 r~ Je~,ti~cly. Note that at least two didlll~tli-;.~l,, 5 opposed comers are nose portions 38 and 40.
The side flanks are generally planar, and the sidewall intersects the upper surFace to form a cutting edge 28, extending around the periphery of the insert. The side flanks intersect each other at the nose portions of the insert at an angle of about 33 to 38 degrees, and at the non cutting comers 23 and 27 at an angle which is supplemental to nose portions.
For purposes of the following discussion, rearward is toward the center of the insert relative to the cutting edge, whereas forwardly is away from the center of the insert, relative to the cutting edge.
Rearward of the cutting edge is descending entry surFace 30, which extends around the entire cutting edge of the insert. The entry surface is generally planar and 15 descends from the cutting edge such that it is inclined in a positive direction relative to the cutting edge. Preferably, the entry surFace is inclined 14 degrees.
Turning now to Figures 3 and 4, rearward of the entry surface is radiused chip groove 32, which is concavely radiused. Preferably, the chip groove is radiused .02 inches. As seen in Figures 1 and 2, the insert is further equipped with a locating surface 20 46 which, as seen in Figure 3 and 4, projects above the periphery of the insert. The 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) locating surface surrounds a centrally located aperture 56, which extends through the upper surface and exits from the lower surFace. The aperture is configured such that it accepts an ISO screw fastener, such as is well known to those skilled it the art. The locating surface has a generally planar seating surface and an inclined, planar, chip ramp breaking surFace. Along the flank of the insert the ramp surFace intersects the radiused chip groove floor. Preferably, the ramp surface is planar and inclined at a 35 degree angle.
Each nose portion has a chip breaker pad 42 and 44, respectively, which are separated, or discontinuous with, the locating surFace on the upper surface of the insert.
The chip breaker pads are in close proximity, but separated from the entry surface and project above the periphery of the cutting edge, but are below the locating surface.
Turning to Figure 4, the chip pad has a planar chip pad asc~"di"g surface 48 rearward of the chip groove floor, and intersect a top surface 50 on the chip pad. The top surface is generally planar. The chip pad ascending surface 48 in preferably inclined at a 35 degree angle. Rearward of the top surface is chip pad descending surface 52, which intersects planar channel floor 54. The planar channel floor intersects the ramp surface 34 on the locating surFace.
The insert as described herein is designed to turn ductile or s uper alloy materials at a moderate to high cutting speeds at low feed rates and depths of cuts. Specifically, the feed rates are in the range of about .004 to .010 IPR and has a depth of cuts in the 21~2~1 (VALENITE DOCKET NO. 93-2-324) range of about .010 to .080 inches.
While one ~",bodi",e"l has been described with regard to this invention many variations are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A polygonal, indexable cutting insert, comprising an upper surface and a lower surface in spaced relationship to each other and generally parallel to each other; said surfaces separated by a planar side wall extending substantially unbroken therebetween to define a body; said sidewall comprised of side flank portions; each said side flank portion defined as a portion of the side wall extending from one corner of the insert to an adjacent corner of the insert; said side wall intersects said upper surface to define a cutting edge extending along the entire periphery of the insert; at least two corners being diametrically opposed nose portions; a positive, planar cutting land entry surface descending from said cutting edge; a generally concave, radiused chip groove floor rearward said cutting land surface; a generally planar locating surface on said upper surface projecting from said cutting land entry surface above said periphery, said locating surface surrounding a centrally located aperture extending through the upper surface and exiting from said lower surface; said locating surface having an inclined, planar chip breaker ramp surface extending, along the flanks, from said chip groove floor to intersect a planar seat surface; said insert further equipped with chip breaker pads projecting above the periphery but below the locating surface at the nose portions of the insert; said pad being discontinuous from said locating surface; each said chip breaker pad having an ascending surface rearward from said chip groove floor and intersecting a planar top surface; said chip breaker pads separated from said locating surface by a channel.
2. The insert of claim 1, wherein said ascending surface has a greater incident angle proximal the chip groove than the ascending surface proximal to the channel.
3. The insert of claim 1, wherein the channel is planar.
4. The insert of claim 1, wherein the chip groove has a concave radius of about .02 inches.
5. The insert of claim 1, wherein said chip entry surface is inclined at about 14 degrees.
6. The insert of claim 1, wherein said chip breaker ramp surface is inclined about 35 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002144261A CA2144261C (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1995-03-09 | High speed cutting insert with improved chip groove |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002144261A CA2144261C (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1995-03-09 | High speed cutting insert with improved chip groove |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2144261A1 CA2144261A1 (en) | 1996-09-10 |
| CA2144261C true CA2144261C (en) | 1998-11-24 |
Family
ID=4155389
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002144261A Expired - Fee Related CA2144261C (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1995-03-09 | High speed cutting insert with improved chip groove |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2144261C (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-03-09 CA CA002144261A patent/CA2144261C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2144261A1 (en) | 1996-09-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |