CA2143302A1 - Framework with hollow members, process for producing the same and its use - Google Patents
Framework with hollow members, process for producing the same and its useInfo
- Publication number
- CA2143302A1 CA2143302A1 CA002143302A CA2143302A CA2143302A1 CA 2143302 A1 CA2143302 A1 CA 2143302A1 CA 002143302 A CA002143302 A CA 002143302A CA 2143302 A CA2143302 A CA 2143302A CA 2143302 A1 CA2143302 A1 CA 2143302A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- framework
- nodes
- accordance
- hollow
- rods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
- B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/08—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted built up with interlaced cross members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D23/00—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions
- B62D23/005—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions with integrated chassis in the whole shell, e.g. meshwork, tubes, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
Abstract
A framework, in particular an at least par-tially hollow framework, has nodes and members.
The nodes (14) are formed by at least a projection (30) on a hollow framework member (12) and by at least a further hollow member mounted and se-cured thereon. Also disclosed is a process for producing this framework and its use in land, air and water vehicles, in building construction, in ci-vil and underground engineering, scaffolds, shelv-ing systems and furniture.
The nodes (14) are formed by at least a projection (30) on a hollow framework member (12) and by at least a further hollow member mounted and se-cured thereon. Also disclosed is a process for producing this framework and its use in land, air and water vehicles, in building construction, in ci-vil and underground engineering, scaffolds, shelv-ing systems and furniture.
Description
3~02 Framework with Hollow Members, Process for Producing the Same and Its Use The invention relates to frameworks with hollow members of nodes and bars, a process for producing them and their use.
Frameworks are known as supporting and bearing elements in the most varied fields - for instance for structures, in particular bridges or even houses - or also for the construction of air, land and marine vehicles, shelf systems and the like.
They have the advantage, among other things, of making possible light construction which nevertheless is resistant to stresses.
Tube frames were already employed in automobiles, in particular the old "gull-wing Mercedes SL" to make possible a particularly light, sturdy and torsion-proof construction. The framework construction was also often employed in aircraft, where weight savings are an essential aspect in construction.
The known frameworks lent themselves to further improvement in that weak points could occur in the nodes of the framework in the course of attachment of the framework components. The individual elements were usually fastened there, for example welded, on top of or flush with each other. Corrosions did easily appear at the weld seams, glued spots or the like, as well as at the en~s of the hollow elements to be connected - the application of corrosion protection there was extremely difficult and often not satisfactory.
These weld spots or fastening places of cross members on the longitudinal element were always points of weakness and also resulted in elaborate operations being necessary during manufacture.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 It was furthermore disadvantageous that, for reasons of the need to fasten further transverse hollow elements on the longitudinal hollow element, it was necessary to employ relatively large wall thicknesses in the hollow elements for producing a satisfactory connection, which led to undesirably great weight of this part.
In contrast thereto it is the object of the invention to produce frameworks as well as individual components for them which are easier to manipulate and are more corrosion-resistant than the--known individual components.
This object is attained in accordance with the invention in connection with a framework, in particularly an at least partially hollow framework with nodes and rods, by nodes formed by at least one pro~ection on the hollow framework element and at least one further hollow element placed thereon and fastened.
In this connection it is advantageous if the run of the fibers extends essentially parallel with the exterior contours of the hollow element.
It can be of advantage if at least the framework elements having nodes have several layers of the same or different materials which extend parallel to each other and are placed on top of each other and the run of whose fibers is parallel in respect to each other.
In connection with a preferred embodiment at least the node/rod elements are made of steel, having a wall thickness between 0.1 to 1.5 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 cm.
For saving weight in particular, the framework can essentially be made of a light metal.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 For example, the light metal can be aluminum or an alloy thereof, which can also include advantageous corrosion res-istance.
It is possible, and desired in many applications, for the framework to have reinforced-fiber materials which have a high mechanical load-bearing capacity along with light weight.
The framework of nodes and rods has different longitudinal sections and also different cross sections.
It can be advantageous for the individual components-of the framework to consist of different materials.
It can be favorable for at least one hollow element to have depressions and/or openings formed therein.
An advantageous process for producing frameworks in accordance with one of the preceding claims consists in that the framework nodes are produced from a shapable hollow material by means of a shaping process.
The shaping process preferably is an internal high-pressure shaping process.
A preferred embodiment of the production process for a framework node element has the following steps:
Provision of a hollow profiled section, if required with different diameters;
Placement of a hollow profiled section into a mold with a widening in the shaping area;
Application of internal high pressure to the tube, so that the tube wall is widened in the area of the mold widening;
Removal of the shaped hollow element with a node area with widenings and, if necessary, Fastening of framework elements on the widenings.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
`_ 21~3302 The internal high-pressure process, also called IHV-process, is understood here to be the process as described, for example, in the Industrieanzeiger [Industrial Gazette] No. 20 of 03/09/1984, or also in "Metallumformtechnik" [Metal Shaping Technology], volume lD/91, pp. 16 et. seq.: A. Ebbinghaus:
Prazisionswerkstucke in Leichtbauweise, hergestellt durch Innenhochdruckumformen" [Precision Workpieces of Light Construction, Produced by Internal High-Pressure Shaping], or in Werkstoff und Betrieb [Materials and Factory] 123 (1990), 3, page ---241 to 243: A. Ebbinghaus: "Wirtschaftliches Konstruieren mit innenhochdruckgeformten Prazisionswerkstucken" [Economical Construction with Precision Workpieces Made by Internal High-Pressure Shaping], or Werkstoff und Betrieb 122, (1991), 11, (1989), page 933 to 938. Full reference is made below to their disclosures to avoid repetitions. This method had been used up to now for producing flanges, for example to produce manufactured camshafts for fastening cams on a tube for producing hollow camshafts.
In a surprising manner it is now possible by means of this internal high-pressure process to form a completely novel framework piece in which the node or the "intersection" has already been formed in one piece and the run of the fibers in the area of the intersection as well of the walls essentially extends parallel with the outer contour without there being sharp bends or other weak spots. Thus, because of the great wall strength ~aused by the advantageous run of the fibers, the framework in accordance with the invention can be embodied in a lighter form than was possible up to now and therefore makes possible considerable weight savings. It is also possible to employ laminated materials REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ ~143302 as long as they can be shaped together. Through proper material selection, laminates can be lighter than solid materials-and have the additional advantage of acting in a vibration-damping manner, so that such an element additionally has advantageous oscillation damping properties - i.e. connecting points are less stressed by oscillations.
It is also possible to select a multi-layered metal tube as the initial part, depending on the requirements made on the material. In this case multi-layered embodiments have the --advantage of having different capacities of the surfaces of the hollow element to withstand stress, and also the advantage of transmitting oscillations of every type less, which decisively improves the vibration behavior of the hollow element.
Advantageous uses for the frameworks in accordance with the invention occur in connection with land, air and marine vehicles, frames for bicycles, motorcycles and automobiles, structural and civil engineering, scaffolding, shelf systems, furniture.
Because in accordance with the invention hollow elements which are closed-off to a large extent are used for producing the framework, it is possible to allow the simplest connection of further framework elements in the areas of the nodes of the framework. The connection in the area where one projection of a hollow element overlaps the end section of a further hollow element of the framework can be made by welding, gluing, riveting, screwing as well as other fastening methods known to one skilled in the art, wherein it is also possible to make releasable connections, such as are desired for scaffolding, by running screws through, or the like.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 Because an internal high-pressure shaping process is employed it is possible to produce projections and recesses, openings and the like already in one shaping process. In this way it is possible to reduce finishing steps.
The most varied hollow profiled sections, such as square profiled sections, angled profiled sections, tubes, etc. can be employed as hollow elements.
In this way an element is produced which has a reduced weight in respect to conventional elements with the same load- --bearing capacity, or even higher load-bearing capacity at the same weight; which in addition can be produced with a high production accuracy and with a reduced re~ection rate.
The hollow element of the invention can preferably be produced in accordance with the internal high-pressure process.
In a surprising manner it is now possible by means of this internal high-pressure process to form a completely novel framework piece in which the node has already been formed in one piece and the run of the fibers in the area of the intersection as well of the walls essentially extends parallel with the outer contour without there being sharp bends or other weak spots.
Thus, because of the great wall strength caused by the advantageous run of the fibers, the framework in accordance with the invention can be embodied in a lighter form than was possible up to now and therefore makes possible considerable weight savings. It is also possible to employ laminated materials as long as they can be shaped together. Laminates have the additional advantage of acting in a vibration-damping manner, so that such an element also has advantageous oscillation damping properties.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
214330~
The production of the hollow element in accordance-with the invention takes place as follows: A tube element with different diameters is produced (for example by circular kneading), wherein the node area is subsequently pressed against an external mold under internal pressure to obtain a cross-shaped element with two closed ends.
In the course of shaping it is desirable to feed material in the direction of the longitudinal tube axis to prevent the creation of thin spots in the material in the area of the --intersection.
The invention will be described in detail below by means of the attached drawings, in Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a section of a framework ;
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the hollow framework made of solid material with several node areas;
Fig. 3 a longitudinal view of a portion of the framework made of a laminate with a node area;
Fig. 4 a detailed view of a node of solid material shaped by internal high pressure;
Fig. 5 a cross section through a node area of a hollow element with a square profile;
Fig. 6 a cross section through the node area of a round tube as the hollow element; and Fig. 7 a cross section through the node area of a polygonal tube.
AS can be seen in Fig. 1, which shows a section of a framework in accordance with the invention, the framework consists of node/rod parts 12 and further node/rod parts 12 or rod parts REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 2143302 18. Projections 30 have been formed on the node-rod parts 12 in the node area 14, on which rod parts 18, but also node/rod parts 12 can be placed, for example, which the can be connected releasably or solidly with the projection 30.
As shown in Fig. 2, the nodes can extend spatially depending on the requirements, so that a three-dimensional framework of high solidity can be attained.
Care must be taken that predetermined compression places can be formed by directly cut-in grooves in the framework elements -produced by the shaping process - for example for absorbing energy by directed deformation in vehicles in case of an accident - or that profiled reinforcement sections can be worked in - for example by forming linear ribs (passenger compartment).
In the process, the hollow profiled sections of the framework can have varying diameters over their linear extension, as well as varying cross sections.
The embodiment of a node is shown in detail in longitudinal section in Fig. 3. In this case an embodiment was selected wherein a node/rod element 12 made of several layers was combined with a rod element made of one material - for example this can be a portion of a ladder-like element with laminated longitudinal stringers and steps of another material.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the connection between the node/rod element 12 and the rod element 18 in section, wherein both elements are made of a single-layer material.
In both cases the fastening of the rod parts 18 or even further node/rod parts 12 on the node/rod part 12 is only schematically represented and can take place in actuality by gluing, welding or also screwing, riveting or the like.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
- 21~3302 Varied shapes can be employed as hollow profiled sections, as can be seen from Figs. 5 to 7.
Depending on the form of application it can useful to provide a rectangular profiled section 22 with a projection 30.
In the same way it is possible to embody a round or oval profiled section 24 with a projection 30 for connecting it with a rod element, as can be seen from Fig. 6. As shown in Fig. 7, such projections can also be embodied on rectangular hollow profiled sections 26 for simplifying the fastening of rods on nodes.
In the process the hollow profiled sections can be made of a single material, for example steel or a light metal alloy, however, depending on the method of use it is also possible to shape laminated material, also plastic-layered or coated tubes, depending on the purpose of use.
By providing appropriate layers it is possible to achieve corrosion resistance or coloration without the necessity for further operational steps.
As known, the node area can be "pushed", so to speak, out of the hollow element precursor by means of the internal high-pressure process, so that several projections 30 are created in the hollow element, as shown in the figures. By feeding material along the longitudinal tube axis during shaping, for example by movable mold elements, it is possible to attain an essentially uniform wall thickness, so that weak spots in the wall thickness because of the formation of such projections can be compensated at least partially, so that the forming of the intersection area takes place without weakening. This element is light and has no welded places or the like in the intersection area because of the advantageous run of the fibers.
RE PLACEMENT PAGE
_ g _ - 21433~2 In this way a more resistant, lighter framework than was possible up to now is created by means of the embodiment-, in particular of the node areas of a framework, in accordance with the invention.
Further embodiments and developments are obvious to one skilled in the art within the framework of the scope of protection of the claims, and the scope of protection is in no way limited to the embodiments shown here by way of example, which are merely intended for explanation.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
Frameworks are known as supporting and bearing elements in the most varied fields - for instance for structures, in particular bridges or even houses - or also for the construction of air, land and marine vehicles, shelf systems and the like.
They have the advantage, among other things, of making possible light construction which nevertheless is resistant to stresses.
Tube frames were already employed in automobiles, in particular the old "gull-wing Mercedes SL" to make possible a particularly light, sturdy and torsion-proof construction. The framework construction was also often employed in aircraft, where weight savings are an essential aspect in construction.
The known frameworks lent themselves to further improvement in that weak points could occur in the nodes of the framework in the course of attachment of the framework components. The individual elements were usually fastened there, for example welded, on top of or flush with each other. Corrosions did easily appear at the weld seams, glued spots or the like, as well as at the en~s of the hollow elements to be connected - the application of corrosion protection there was extremely difficult and often not satisfactory.
These weld spots or fastening places of cross members on the longitudinal element were always points of weakness and also resulted in elaborate operations being necessary during manufacture.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 It was furthermore disadvantageous that, for reasons of the need to fasten further transverse hollow elements on the longitudinal hollow element, it was necessary to employ relatively large wall thicknesses in the hollow elements for producing a satisfactory connection, which led to undesirably great weight of this part.
In contrast thereto it is the object of the invention to produce frameworks as well as individual components for them which are easier to manipulate and are more corrosion-resistant than the--known individual components.
This object is attained in accordance with the invention in connection with a framework, in particularly an at least partially hollow framework with nodes and rods, by nodes formed by at least one pro~ection on the hollow framework element and at least one further hollow element placed thereon and fastened.
In this connection it is advantageous if the run of the fibers extends essentially parallel with the exterior contours of the hollow element.
It can be of advantage if at least the framework elements having nodes have several layers of the same or different materials which extend parallel to each other and are placed on top of each other and the run of whose fibers is parallel in respect to each other.
In connection with a preferred embodiment at least the node/rod elements are made of steel, having a wall thickness between 0.1 to 1.5 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 cm.
For saving weight in particular, the framework can essentially be made of a light metal.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 For example, the light metal can be aluminum or an alloy thereof, which can also include advantageous corrosion res-istance.
It is possible, and desired in many applications, for the framework to have reinforced-fiber materials which have a high mechanical load-bearing capacity along with light weight.
The framework of nodes and rods has different longitudinal sections and also different cross sections.
It can be advantageous for the individual components-of the framework to consist of different materials.
It can be favorable for at least one hollow element to have depressions and/or openings formed therein.
An advantageous process for producing frameworks in accordance with one of the preceding claims consists in that the framework nodes are produced from a shapable hollow material by means of a shaping process.
The shaping process preferably is an internal high-pressure shaping process.
A preferred embodiment of the production process for a framework node element has the following steps:
Provision of a hollow profiled section, if required with different diameters;
Placement of a hollow profiled section into a mold with a widening in the shaping area;
Application of internal high pressure to the tube, so that the tube wall is widened in the area of the mold widening;
Removal of the shaped hollow element with a node area with widenings and, if necessary, Fastening of framework elements on the widenings.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
`_ 21~3302 The internal high-pressure process, also called IHV-process, is understood here to be the process as described, for example, in the Industrieanzeiger [Industrial Gazette] No. 20 of 03/09/1984, or also in "Metallumformtechnik" [Metal Shaping Technology], volume lD/91, pp. 16 et. seq.: A. Ebbinghaus:
Prazisionswerkstucke in Leichtbauweise, hergestellt durch Innenhochdruckumformen" [Precision Workpieces of Light Construction, Produced by Internal High-Pressure Shaping], or in Werkstoff und Betrieb [Materials and Factory] 123 (1990), 3, page ---241 to 243: A. Ebbinghaus: "Wirtschaftliches Konstruieren mit innenhochdruckgeformten Prazisionswerkstucken" [Economical Construction with Precision Workpieces Made by Internal High-Pressure Shaping], or Werkstoff und Betrieb 122, (1991), 11, (1989), page 933 to 938. Full reference is made below to their disclosures to avoid repetitions. This method had been used up to now for producing flanges, for example to produce manufactured camshafts for fastening cams on a tube for producing hollow camshafts.
In a surprising manner it is now possible by means of this internal high-pressure process to form a completely novel framework piece in which the node or the "intersection" has already been formed in one piece and the run of the fibers in the area of the intersection as well of the walls essentially extends parallel with the outer contour without there being sharp bends or other weak spots. Thus, because of the great wall strength ~aused by the advantageous run of the fibers, the framework in accordance with the invention can be embodied in a lighter form than was possible up to now and therefore makes possible considerable weight savings. It is also possible to employ laminated materials REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ ~143302 as long as they can be shaped together. Through proper material selection, laminates can be lighter than solid materials-and have the additional advantage of acting in a vibration-damping manner, so that such an element additionally has advantageous oscillation damping properties - i.e. connecting points are less stressed by oscillations.
It is also possible to select a multi-layered metal tube as the initial part, depending on the requirements made on the material. In this case multi-layered embodiments have the --advantage of having different capacities of the surfaces of the hollow element to withstand stress, and also the advantage of transmitting oscillations of every type less, which decisively improves the vibration behavior of the hollow element.
Advantageous uses for the frameworks in accordance with the invention occur in connection with land, air and marine vehicles, frames for bicycles, motorcycles and automobiles, structural and civil engineering, scaffolding, shelf systems, furniture.
Because in accordance with the invention hollow elements which are closed-off to a large extent are used for producing the framework, it is possible to allow the simplest connection of further framework elements in the areas of the nodes of the framework. The connection in the area where one projection of a hollow element overlaps the end section of a further hollow element of the framework can be made by welding, gluing, riveting, screwing as well as other fastening methods known to one skilled in the art, wherein it is also possible to make releasable connections, such as are desired for scaffolding, by running screws through, or the like.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 21~3302 Because an internal high-pressure shaping process is employed it is possible to produce projections and recesses, openings and the like already in one shaping process. In this way it is possible to reduce finishing steps.
The most varied hollow profiled sections, such as square profiled sections, angled profiled sections, tubes, etc. can be employed as hollow elements.
In this way an element is produced which has a reduced weight in respect to conventional elements with the same load- --bearing capacity, or even higher load-bearing capacity at the same weight; which in addition can be produced with a high production accuracy and with a reduced re~ection rate.
The hollow element of the invention can preferably be produced in accordance with the internal high-pressure process.
In a surprising manner it is now possible by means of this internal high-pressure process to form a completely novel framework piece in which the node has already been formed in one piece and the run of the fibers in the area of the intersection as well of the walls essentially extends parallel with the outer contour without there being sharp bends or other weak spots.
Thus, because of the great wall strength caused by the advantageous run of the fibers, the framework in accordance with the invention can be embodied in a lighter form than was possible up to now and therefore makes possible considerable weight savings. It is also possible to employ laminated materials as long as they can be shaped together. Laminates have the additional advantage of acting in a vibration-damping manner, so that such an element also has advantageous oscillation damping properties.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
214330~
The production of the hollow element in accordance-with the invention takes place as follows: A tube element with different diameters is produced (for example by circular kneading), wherein the node area is subsequently pressed against an external mold under internal pressure to obtain a cross-shaped element with two closed ends.
In the course of shaping it is desirable to feed material in the direction of the longitudinal tube axis to prevent the creation of thin spots in the material in the area of the --intersection.
The invention will be described in detail below by means of the attached drawings, in Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a section of a framework ;
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the hollow framework made of solid material with several node areas;
Fig. 3 a longitudinal view of a portion of the framework made of a laminate with a node area;
Fig. 4 a detailed view of a node of solid material shaped by internal high pressure;
Fig. 5 a cross section through a node area of a hollow element with a square profile;
Fig. 6 a cross section through the node area of a round tube as the hollow element; and Fig. 7 a cross section through the node area of a polygonal tube.
AS can be seen in Fig. 1, which shows a section of a framework in accordance with the invention, the framework consists of node/rod parts 12 and further node/rod parts 12 or rod parts REPLACEMENT PAGE
_ 2143302 18. Projections 30 have been formed on the node-rod parts 12 in the node area 14, on which rod parts 18, but also node/rod parts 12 can be placed, for example, which the can be connected releasably or solidly with the projection 30.
As shown in Fig. 2, the nodes can extend spatially depending on the requirements, so that a three-dimensional framework of high solidity can be attained.
Care must be taken that predetermined compression places can be formed by directly cut-in grooves in the framework elements -produced by the shaping process - for example for absorbing energy by directed deformation in vehicles in case of an accident - or that profiled reinforcement sections can be worked in - for example by forming linear ribs (passenger compartment).
In the process, the hollow profiled sections of the framework can have varying diameters over their linear extension, as well as varying cross sections.
The embodiment of a node is shown in detail in longitudinal section in Fig. 3. In this case an embodiment was selected wherein a node/rod element 12 made of several layers was combined with a rod element made of one material - for example this can be a portion of a ladder-like element with laminated longitudinal stringers and steps of another material.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the connection between the node/rod element 12 and the rod element 18 in section, wherein both elements are made of a single-layer material.
In both cases the fastening of the rod parts 18 or even further node/rod parts 12 on the node/rod part 12 is only schematically represented and can take place in actuality by gluing, welding or also screwing, riveting or the like.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
- 21~3302 Varied shapes can be employed as hollow profiled sections, as can be seen from Figs. 5 to 7.
Depending on the form of application it can useful to provide a rectangular profiled section 22 with a projection 30.
In the same way it is possible to embody a round or oval profiled section 24 with a projection 30 for connecting it with a rod element, as can be seen from Fig. 6. As shown in Fig. 7, such projections can also be embodied on rectangular hollow profiled sections 26 for simplifying the fastening of rods on nodes.
In the process the hollow profiled sections can be made of a single material, for example steel or a light metal alloy, however, depending on the method of use it is also possible to shape laminated material, also plastic-layered or coated tubes, depending on the purpose of use.
By providing appropriate layers it is possible to achieve corrosion resistance or coloration without the necessity for further operational steps.
As known, the node area can be "pushed", so to speak, out of the hollow element precursor by means of the internal high-pressure process, so that several projections 30 are created in the hollow element, as shown in the figures. By feeding material along the longitudinal tube axis during shaping, for example by movable mold elements, it is possible to attain an essentially uniform wall thickness, so that weak spots in the wall thickness because of the formation of such projections can be compensated at least partially, so that the forming of the intersection area takes place without weakening. This element is light and has no welded places or the like in the intersection area because of the advantageous run of the fibers.
RE PLACEMENT PAGE
_ g _ - 21433~2 In this way a more resistant, lighter framework than was possible up to now is created by means of the embodiment-, in particular of the node areas of a framework, in accordance with the invention.
Further embodiments and developments are obvious to one skilled in the art within the framework of the scope of protection of the claims, and the scope of protection is in no way limited to the embodiments shown here by way of example, which are merely intended for explanation.
REPLACEMENT PAGE
Claims (14)
1. A framework, in particular an at least partially hollow framework with nodes and rods, characterized by nodes (14) formed by at least one projection (30) on a hollow framework element and at least one further hollow element placed on and fastened to it, wherein its individual components are made of the same or different materials.
2. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the run of the fibers in the node (14) extends essentially parallel with the external contours of the node/rod element (12).
3. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the elements (12) having nodes (14) have several layers of the same or different materials which extend parallel to each other and are placed on top of each other and the run of whose fibers is parallel in respect to each other.
4. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the materials have one or several layers of a material, such as a metal, which can be cold-formed.
5. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one .
of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of steel and the wall thickness is between 0.1 to 1.5 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 cm.
of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of steel and the wall thickness is between 0.1 to 1.5 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 cm.
6. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is essentially made of a light metal, aluminum or an alloy thereof, or magnesium or an alloy thereof.
7. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has reinforced fiber materials.
8. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has varied longitudinal sections and or varied cross sections.
9. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one hollow element has depressions.
10. A framework with nodes and rods in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one hollow element has openings formed in it.
11. A process for producing frameworks in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the framework nodes are made by a shaping process from a hollow shapable element.
12. A process in accordance with claim 11, characterized in that the shaping process is an internal high-pressure shaping process.
13. A process for producing a framework node element in accordance with claim 11 or 12, characterized by:
- Provision of a hollow profiled section, if required with different diameters;
- Placement of a hollow profiled section into a mold with a widening in the shaping area;
- Application of internal high pressure to the tube, so that the tube wall is widened in the area of the mold widening;
- Removal of the shaped hollow element with a node area with widenings and, if necessary, - Fastening of framework elements on the widenings.
- Provision of a hollow profiled section, if required with different diameters;
- Placement of a hollow profiled section into a mold with a widening in the shaping area;
- Application of internal high pressure to the tube, so that the tube wall is widened in the area of the mold widening;
- Removal of the shaped hollow element with a node area with widenings and, if necessary, - Fastening of framework elements on the widenings.
14. Use of the framework in accordance with one of the preceding claims for land, air and marine vehicles, frames of bicycles, motorcycles and automobiles, structural and civil engineering, scaffolding, shelf systems, furniture.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4228238A DE4228238C2 (en) | 1992-08-25 | 1992-08-25 | Truss with hollow parts, process for its production and its use |
| DEP4228238.1 | 1992-08-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2143302A1 true CA2143302A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
Family
ID=6466398
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002143302A Abandoned CA2143302A1 (en) | 1992-08-25 | 1993-08-12 | Framework with hollow members, process for producing the same and its use |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0658232B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH08502928A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR950703106A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE196786T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2143302A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ46595A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4228238C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2153840T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT658232E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994004766A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0733542B1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1997-11-12 | Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Frame for motor vehicles, especially for passenger cars |
| US5641176A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-06-24 | Mascotech Tubular Products, Inc. | Process of hydroforming tubular suspension and frame components for vehicles |
| DE19519353A1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Porsche Ag | Carrier of a vehicle body structure and method for its production |
| DE29610779U1 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1997-08-21 | Pal Palettensyst Gmbh | Modular system for manufacturing components, especially for interior and exterior construction |
| DE19727006C5 (en) * | 1996-07-06 | 2014-03-13 | Volkswagen Ag | Frame element for a vehicle seat |
| DE19630647A1 (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-05 | Porsche Ag | Suspension strut mount for a motor vehicle, especially a passenger car |
| GB2317858A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-08 | Rover Group | Vehicle body structure |
| DE29704863U1 (en) | 1997-03-17 | 1997-05-22 | Ges Innenhochdruckverfahren | Axle swingarm |
| DE19716865C1 (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-05-28 | Porsche Ag | Tubular frame shape by internal hydraulic pressure for vehicle chassis |
| EP0936003A3 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2001-04-18 | GKN Sankey Limited | A structural frame element |
| EP0960806A1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-01 | Vela International Limited | Bicycle frame |
| DE10201911A1 (en) * | 2002-01-19 | 2003-08-07 | Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag | Connection node between two hollow profiles of a frame structure, especially for vehicles |
| DE10303175B4 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2004-12-09 | Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag | Connection node between hollow profiles of a frame structure, in particular for vehicles, and method for its production |
| DE102011003316A1 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-19 | B & K Braun Gmbh | Traverse component, traverse and method for producing a truss component |
| DE102017202580A1 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-08-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for connecting hollow profiles, connection of hollow profiles and truss structure with at least one such compound |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US675876A (en) * | 1900-09-11 | 1901-06-11 | James C Anderson | Motor passenger-vehicle. |
| FR1154610A (en) * | 1955-07-21 | 1958-04-14 | Michigan College Of Mining & T | Method and apparatus for changing the shape of metal tubes |
| US2995781A (en) * | 1957-11-19 | 1961-08-15 | Clarence L Sipler | Method of making tubular conduits |
| US4051704A (en) * | 1975-11-19 | 1977-10-04 | Senkichiro Kimura | Method for the manufacture of an ornamental head lug of the single unit type for use in bicycles |
| US4129975A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1978-12-19 | Matrix Toys, Inc. | Construction set having clip fasteners |
| DE2736635C2 (en) * | 1977-08-13 | 1982-02-11 | Mero-Raumstruktur GmbH & Co Würzburg, 8700 Würzburg | Screw connection between the tubular rods and a junction piece of junction connections of a space framework |
| SE8201053L (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1982-09-20 | Torrington Co | CARD CONNECTOR PART AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THEM |
| DE3130943A1 (en) * | 1981-08-05 | 1983-03-17 | Herbert 5860 Iserlohn Gösser | Pipe connection with the aid of beaded connection stubs and the arrangement of one pipe in the other |
| DE3447990C2 (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1990-06-28 | Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt Ev, 5300 Bonn, De | Connecting element |
| AT379190B (en) * | 1983-10-10 | 1985-11-25 | Conprojekt Handelsvertretung U | NODE CONNECTION FOR RODWORKS AND RODWORK WITH SUCH NODE CONNECTIONS |
| DE3344300A1 (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1985-06-13 | Rudolf Wanzl Kg, 8874 Leipheim | Construction set for forming grid structures |
| WO1987001978A1 (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1987-04-09 | Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh | Multi-layer hollow body, process for its production and its application |
| FR2592104B1 (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-06-17 | Lauzier Sa | TUBE ASSEMBLY SYSTEM, AND APPLICATION OF THIS SYSTEM TO A BICYCLE FRAME |
| DE8905762U1 (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1990-09-20 | Vlm-W. Murjahn Gmbh & Co, 4020 Mettmann, De | |
| DE9105664U1 (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 1991-07-04 | Yang, Tian-Show, Tai Ping Hsiang, Taichung, Tw |
-
1992
- 1992-08-25 DE DE4228238A patent/DE4228238C2/en not_active Revoked
-
1993
- 1993-08-12 DE DE59310111T patent/DE59310111D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-12 CA CA002143302A patent/CA2143302A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-12 JP JP6505761A patent/JPH08502928A/en active Pending
- 1993-08-12 EP EP93917548A patent/EP0658232B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-12 PT PT93917548T patent/PT658232E/en unknown
- 1993-08-12 WO PCT/DE1993/000725 patent/WO1994004766A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-12 KR KR1019950700716A patent/KR950703106A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-12 CZ CZ95465A patent/CZ46595A3/en unknown
- 1993-08-12 AT AT93917548T patent/ATE196786T1/en active
- 1993-08-12 ES ES93917548T patent/ES2153840T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08502928A (en) | 1996-04-02 |
| EP0658232A1 (en) | 1995-06-21 |
| ATE196786T1 (en) | 2000-10-15 |
| DE4228238C2 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
| DE59310111D1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| CZ46595A3 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
| EP0658232B1 (en) | 2000-10-04 |
| PT658232E (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| WO1994004766A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| DE4228238A1 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| KR950703106A (en) | 1995-08-23 |
| ES2153840T3 (en) | 2001-03-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |