CA2143179A1 - Roofing laminate - Google Patents
Roofing laminateInfo
- Publication number
- CA2143179A1 CA2143179A1 CA002143179A CA2143179A CA2143179A1 CA 2143179 A1 CA2143179 A1 CA 2143179A1 CA 002143179 A CA002143179 A CA 002143179A CA 2143179 A CA2143179 A CA 2143179A CA 2143179 A1 CA2143179 A1 CA 2143179A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- transition temperature
- glass transition
- acrylic polymer
- acrylic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/02—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/12—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface
- E04D1/20—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface of plastics; of asphalt; of fibrous materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/26—Strip-shaped roofing elements simulating a repetitive pattern, e.g. appearing as a row of shingles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/28—Roofing elements comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A new roofing laminate provides for the application of mixture of hard and soft acrylic polymers to a hot or cold applied asphaltic layer. The hard acrylic polymer provides barrier characteristics that resist the movement of mobile phases into the shield layer, while the soft polymer provides flexibility of the laminate . The barrier characteristics are provided by ensuring that the polymer be sufficiently hard. The polymer should be present in an amount sufficient to ensure that it can form a continuous film on application to the base asphaltic layer. Pigment volume concentration should not be present in an amount that would interfere with the barrier characteristics, with the pigment volume concentration being less than 45wt%.
Description
~ 21~317g ~ITLE: Roof ing I.aminate l~V~ Oh:=Thomas Wilhelm Urbanek CROSS-REFP:Rii NCE TO R~T ~ n APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of application sn 08/033,765 filed ~arch 18, 19~3, now United States patent no.
FIELD OF ~ F~ V~r.L~
This invention relates to roofing laminates, and in particular relates to asphalt based roofing systems with polymer coatings.
BA~ ~OlJ~L~ AND 5uMMARv OF THE TNV'r~ION
The most important characteristic of a roofing laminate for application to a building is its ability to prevent water from enter~ ng the building.
of secondary importance, the roofing laminate should also be insulating in cool weather and heat reflecting in hot weather.
While there are other desirable characteristics that a roofing laminate may have, for example, durability, the need for a good long lasting waterproofing composition, having resistance to ponding water and ~ 3Tr; niltion~ is of greatest importance. A commonly used material for providing waterproofing for roofs is asphalt of various kinds.
The asphalt is applied to the roof as a base layer. If left unprotected, however, the asphalt degrades under ultraviolet light radiation, resulting in delamination and cracking. It has, therefore, long been recognized that it iB neces~ary to protect ba~e asphaltiC roofing layers from ultraviolet light.
~ 2~43179 One method of 6upplying ultraviolet light blocking is to cover the ba6e asphaltic layer with gravel. This is effective but the resulting roof is very heavy and prone to leakage. Another method is to cover the asphalt with an acrylic polymer based coating or layer. Nhile the acrylic polymer can provide some ultraviolet light blocking, it has been found that it is necessary in practice to add an ultraviolet light blocking f iller to the acrylic polymer to provide an adequate ultraviolet light blocking effect and to reduce cost.
One difficulty with some acrylic polymer based coatings, however, is that they have poor barrier characteristic8 when applied as a wet coating to a hot or cold base asphaltic layer. For this reason, mobile phases, such as oils, in the base asphaltic layer, can migrate into the acrylic polymer coating and cause discolouration, with resulting undesirable heating of the roofing material and interference with its desirable characteristics, such as adhesion to the base asphaltic layer, resistance to ponding water and ultraviolet light blocking. This problem exists for hot or cold applied base asphaltic layers, whether the asphalt is applied in melted form or = as a dispersion in water, since the oil phases in both cases have high mobility. Thus, it is now common for acrylic shields to be applied only when the base asphaltic layer has cooled and weathered, perhaps as long as six weeks after initial application. This makes the roofing of the building more time consuming and expensive.
The inventor has provided a new roof ing laminate that in particular provides for the application of an acrylic polymer to a hot or recently
This application is a continuation-in-part of application sn 08/033,765 filed ~arch 18, 19~3, now United States patent no.
FIELD OF ~ F~ V~r.L~
This invention relates to roofing laminates, and in particular relates to asphalt based roofing systems with polymer coatings.
BA~ ~OlJ~L~ AND 5uMMARv OF THE TNV'r~ION
The most important characteristic of a roofing laminate for application to a building is its ability to prevent water from enter~ ng the building.
of secondary importance, the roofing laminate should also be insulating in cool weather and heat reflecting in hot weather.
While there are other desirable characteristics that a roofing laminate may have, for example, durability, the need for a good long lasting waterproofing composition, having resistance to ponding water and ~ 3Tr; niltion~ is of greatest importance. A commonly used material for providing waterproofing for roofs is asphalt of various kinds.
The asphalt is applied to the roof as a base layer. If left unprotected, however, the asphalt degrades under ultraviolet light radiation, resulting in delamination and cracking. It has, therefore, long been recognized that it iB neces~ary to protect ba~e asphaltiC roofing layers from ultraviolet light.
~ 2~43179 One method of 6upplying ultraviolet light blocking is to cover the ba6e asphaltic layer with gravel. This is effective but the resulting roof is very heavy and prone to leakage. Another method is to cover the asphalt with an acrylic polymer based coating or layer. Nhile the acrylic polymer can provide some ultraviolet light blocking, it has been found that it is necessary in practice to add an ultraviolet light blocking f iller to the acrylic polymer to provide an adequate ultraviolet light blocking effect and to reduce cost.
One difficulty with some acrylic polymer based coatings, however, is that they have poor barrier characteristic8 when applied as a wet coating to a hot or cold base asphaltic layer. For this reason, mobile phases, such as oils, in the base asphaltic layer, can migrate into the acrylic polymer coating and cause discolouration, with resulting undesirable heating of the roofing material and interference with its desirable characteristics, such as adhesion to the base asphaltic layer, resistance to ponding water and ultraviolet light blocking. This problem exists for hot or cold applied base asphaltic layers, whether the asphalt is applied in melted form or = as a dispersion in water, since the oil phases in both cases have high mobility. Thus, it is now common for acrylic shields to be applied only when the base asphaltic layer has cooled and weathered, perhaps as long as six weeks after initial application. This makes the roofing of the building more time consuming and expensive.
The inventor has provided a new roof ing laminate that in particular provides for the application of an acrylic polymer to a hot or recently
2~43179 applied cold asphaltic layer. The acrylic polymer is provided with barrier characteristics that resist the movement of mobile phases into the shield layer.
Thus there is provided according to one aspect of the invention a roofing laminate comprising:
a first layer forming an asphaltic base for the laminate; and at least a second layer adhered to the first layer, the second layer including acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the second layer being formed from a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15 or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55C, and ~he first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9 :1 and 1: 9 .
The invention also provides an acrylic polymer based composition for use in forming a layer in an asphalt based roofing laminate, the composition comprising:
a dispersion of acrylic polymers in water in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the acrylic polymers including a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a fi~8t glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristic6 to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15 or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9 :1 and 1: 9 .
The composition used for the second layer of the roofing laminate preferably includes pigment and filler, as well known in the art in order to reduce cost. The ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the second layer, as also well known in the art, is such that it does not interf ere with the continuous ~ilm formed by the acrylic polymers in the second layer.
In a preferred embodiment for use in warm climates, the first acrylic polymer has a glasb transition temperature of 22C and the second acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of -6C, and the ratio of the amount of the f ir~t acrylic polymer to the second acrylic polymer is about 1:1.
These and further characteristics of the invention are described in more detail in the description and claim~ that follow.
nF~ TT.~n pESCRIPTION OF ~ r r ~ E~ol~T~ NT~:
Hard polymer for the purposes of this patent document in relation to another, soft, polymer means a polymer having a glass transition temperature having a glas8 tran8ition temperature at lea8t 15C greater than the glass transition temperature of the 80ft 21~3~7~
polymer. A metal complex is a combination of polymers or co-polymer6 with functional groups acting as Lewis bases and metal compounds providing cross-linking between the polymers. The metal complexes may be formed of polyvalent metallic compounds such as zinc salts for example xinc ammonium carbonate and a group having carboxylic functions attached to the polymer.
Exemplary carboxylic groups may be introduced to the polymer via the following monomers: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and itaconic acid. Exemplary polyvalent metallic compounds include aluminum salts, iron salts, chromium salts, zirconium salts, calcium salts, barium salts and magnesium salts.
The roofing laminate of the invention is intended for application to asphalt roofs. The asphalt forms a base asphaltic layer. The base asphaltic layer is conventional and any of various asphalts may be used, for example the modified asphalt sold as no.
6125 by American Hydrotech Inc.
In a preferred implementation of the invention, a single layer including hard and soft acrylic polymers (or co-polymers) is applied in known manner such as by a squeegee to the base asphaltic layer. The acrylic polymers should be pre8ent in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. Styrene acrylic co-polymers are preferred. The application may be carried out while the freshly applied (modified) asphalt is hot (melted) or after the (modified) asphalt applied as a dispersion has skinned over sufficiently to form a base for the next layer to be applied to. The single layer should have barrier charaCteristiCs to mobile (oily) phases in the hot or cold applied asphalt. Mobile phase blocking ~ 2~4317~
characteristics are believed to be provided by the presence of metal complexes ~vithin the acrylic polymers, particularly within the hard acrylic polymers. The metal complexes should be present in an amount preferably less than 5%, and greater than about 0.5~6, at least sufficient to promote and form cross-linking between the polymer molecules. The cross-linking and presence of the metallic complexes is believed to provide mobile phase blocking characteristics.
The amount of polymer required to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer is related to the pigment volume concentration (PVC). PVC is the ratio of the pigment volume to total volume of the composition. Pigment volume is taken to include pigment and other fillers or extenders. If the PVC level is too high, then the polymer will not be able to form a continuous film. Evidently, there must be sufficient composition to actually cover the surface of the base asphaltic layer, the emphasis here is on the amount of pigment and filler that might be present in the composition that might interf ere with the barrier f orming properties of the laminate .
Pigment volume may be calculated by dividing the mass of the pigment by its specific gravity. ~ikewise, the volume of the composition may be calculated by dividing it8 dry mass by its specific gravity. A
composition having greater than 3596 PVC is believed to begin to interfere with the continuity of the film and more than 4596 PVC is believed to interfere with the continuity of the f ilm to such an extent that the barrier properties of the film are lost.
The single layer should also have ultraviolet light blocking characteristics. Acrylic polymer resin has ultraviolet light blocking characteristics, but thi6 should be supplemented by other ultraviolet light blocking agents such as titanium oxide. It will be understood that the acrylic polymer should be at least sufficiently flexible to accommodate f lexing of the underlying asphalt at a broad temperature range. The provision of such a polymer having the desired flexibility characteristics is, in general, within the skill of a person skilled in the art. If the flexible acrylic polymer includes a sufficient amount of hard acrylic polymer, which are believed to contain metal complexes, in accordance with the teachings of this invention then the desired combination of barrier characteristics and flexibility may be obtained. Use of a co-polymer formed of a dispersion of a hard polymer and a soft polymer, wherein the hard polymer has a glass transition temperature 15C or more greater than the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer provides the desirable combination of barrier and flexibility characteristics. The upper limit for the glass transition temperature of the hard polymer is believed to be 40C, while the lower limit for the soft polymer is believed to be -55C.
The hard polymer may be AcronalU S725 available from BASF in Ludwigshafen in Germany. The soft polymer may be AcronalTM S304 also available from BASF. AcronallM S725 is an aqueous anionic dispersion of a butyl acrylate/styrene co-polymer having a solids mass fraction of 45 + 1%, a pH of from 8.5 to 10, a viscosity at 23C of from 25 to 60 mPa s, a minimum film-forming temperature of approximately 8C, an average particle diameter of approximately 0.1,um, a density of 1.05 g/cm3, a sensitivity to frost at less 2143~7~
than 0C, and that forms a film upon application having a density of 1. 09 g/cm3 and exhibits approximately 936 water absorption after 24 hours immersion. Acronal lu 5304 is an aqueous, anionic dispersion of an acrylic acid ester-styrene co-polymer having a solids content of 50 ~ 196, a pH of from 7.5 to 9.5~ a viscosity at 23C of from 30 to 150 mPa- s, an apparent visco6ity at 23C of approximately 250~ a density of approximately 1.00 g/cm3, a minimum film-forming temperature of less than approximately 1C, is free from plasticizer, is sensitive to frost below 0C, and that forms a film upon application that has a density of approximately 1.1 g/cm3, a glass transition temperature of approximately -22C~
exhibits approximately 159~ water absorption after 48 hours ' immersion, and exhibits a mechanical strength characterized by approximately from 800 to 14009~
elongation at break at 23C and approximately 80 to 130Qo elongation at break at -20C. The ratio of hard polymer to soft polymer is preferably between 9 :1 and 1:9 . A 9 :1 ration has superior barrier characteristics but because of a lack of flexibility, it is not suitable for use in areas with large annual temperatures variations such as much of Canada and northern United States. ~he brittle characteristics of the 9 :1 ratio makes the product more difficult to apply. If the film is too thick, it may too readily crack. In addition, ratio~ of less than 1:1 while having good flexibility, provide less desirable barrier characteristics. A 1:1 ratio is desirable for its f lexibility and ease of application . It will be appreciated that the presence of metal complexes ( 0 . 5 to 59~ ) in the hard polymer provide the desirable barrier characteristics, and at the same time result in the polymer being hard, 80 that in general it is believed that the selection of an appropriate hard polymer and an appropriate soft polymer will result in the desirable combination of flexibility and mobile phase blocking.
While the acrylic polymers together with the cross-linking promoting metal complexes provide suitable characteristics for a barrier and shield layer for a base asphaltic layer, it will be appreciated that in the general case, pigment and f iller are pre~erably added to the polymer. The pigment is used to ensure an appropriate colour, assist in blocking ultraviolet light, and ref lect heat. The filler, for example finely ground calcium carbonate or sod~um potasslum aluminum silicate (lO -60% range is preferred), is used for a variety of reasons, buch as c06t reduction, ultraviolet light blocking and tensile elongation. The pigment volume concentration should not be 80 high as to interfere with the continuity of the acrylic polymer film forming the barrier layer and therefore the barrier properties of the polymer. It is believed that pigment volume concentration of 35% or lower will avoid interf erence with barrier properties in most cases, but as would be understood by a person skilled in the art this depends on the characteristic6 of the polymer and filler, including particle size of the filler.
In accordance with known practice, the barrier and shield layer preferably includes a biocide in small quantities about 0 . 07%, dispersing agent in small quantities about 0.1% (for example, Dispex A~
available from Allied Colorids), coalescing agent 0 -2% (if de~ired, for example ~exanollM available from Eastman l~odak, Tennessee), defoamer 0 - 1% (for example, BYK035~M available from BYK-Chemie, Connecticut), thickener 1-5% (for example, Acrysol SCT275~M available from Rohm & Haas, OntarLo, Canada) and aramid fibres 0 - 2~ for strength.
The base asphaltic layer may be re-enforced by partially embedding a flexible mesh in the base asphaltic layer. A polyester or glass fibre mesh may be used, and it should have similar flexibility to the base asphaltic layer.
A barrier and 6hield layer may be formed of two separately applied layers. The barrler layer, which is fully adhered to the base asphaltic layer, is formed of a dispersion of a hard acrylic polymer and a soft acrylic polymer in water, the hard acrylic polymer, such as AcronallY S725 (available from BASF), havillg a glass transition temperature 15C or more that the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer, such as Acronal S304W. The soft acrylic polymer pref erably has a negative glass transition temperature such as -6C or lower. The mixture of hard and soft acrylic polymer is preferably present in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. In one embodiment, the AcronalT~ S725 and AcronalT4 S304 are both present in the amount of 32% by weight, with 19.2% calcium carbonate. A shield layer is then applied to and adhered to the barrier layer. The shield layer should have good flexibility, good adhesion propertie6 to the barrier layer and be ultraviolet light blocking. The flexibility may be obtained from a suitable soft polymer such as AcronalTY
S304, and the ultraviolet light blocking by appropriate selection of filler or other additives, the selection of which is known in the art.
A preferred composition of the single layer (combined barrier and shield) is as follows (all percentages in the tables are by mass percentage):
Compo~erlt Percentaae Water :~ 2 . 928 Calcium Carbonate 33 . 615 Titanium dioxide 1.769 TexanolW 1. 525 10 BYK035~M 0 508 Acronali S304 29 233 AcronallM S725 29.233 Acrysol~M SCT275 (0.51%) + glycol 1.16 Aramid Fibres o . 53 Dispersing agent 0.102 Biocide 0 . 071 This composition has been applied as a single coating in the amount of 1 liter/square meter to a f reshly applied hot base asphaltic layer of modified asphalt no. 6125 by American Hydrotech Inc. and has resisted ponding for 5 months at a 20C. The PVC for thi6 composition i8 329~.
The composition of a barrier layer that the inventor has used in conjunction with the shield layer is as follows (although it should be noted that the single barrier and shield layer is preferred):
ComPone~ Percentaae Water 14 . 498 30 Calcium Carbonate 19.161 BYK035~M 0 5 AcronalTA S304 31 93 AcronalY S725 31. 93 AcrysolT~ SCT275 + glycol 1. 42 35 Biocide 0 . 07 The PVC o~ the barrier layer is 3296.
The preferred composition of the shield layer is as follows:
Com~Qnent Perce~taae Water 0 Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate 39 . 062 5 Titanium dioxide 2 . 055 TexanollM o . 50 BYE~035Y o . 50 Acronal7M S304 56 . 715 Acronal~A S725 0 . O
AcrysolTM SCT275 + glycol 1.10 Aramid Fibres 0 . 53 Biocide 0 . 07 PVC for the shield i8 3596. It should be noted that the shield layer Lacks the barrier properties and i~
barrier properties are desired, the shield should be used in conjunction with a barrier layer. The shield layer may be applied to the barrier layer or to the single combined shield and barrier layer, or to other material such as metal or wood as a flexible ultraviolet shield layer. The barrier layer has been applied to freshly applied hot and cold ba6e asphaltic layers and has shown excellent adhesion to the base asphaltic layer, resistance to ponding water and ultraviolet light blocking. The shield layer demonstrates excellent ultraviolet light blocking characteristics along with high f lexibility and adhesion to the barrier layer.
While the above noted formulations provide satisfactory adhesion and flexibility at cooler temperatures, for warmer temperatures, acrylic polymers with higher glass transition temperatures are required. A pre:Eerred composition for a warmer temperature application ( eg Southern United States climate), includes a hard acrylic polymer with a glass transition temperature of 22C and a soft acrylic polymer with a glass transition temperature of -6C.
A preferred composition is formed of equal amounts of AcronalTM 567D ~29.1wt96) as the soft polymer and Acronal~M 296D as the hard polymer (29.1wt96), together with biocide (Dowicil751M, 0.08wt96), defoamer (BYK035Y, 0.23wt9~), filler (Minex7T~1, 39.65wt96) and pigment (titanium dioxide TR9601M, 1.84wt96).
Acronal~ 567 D, available from BASF, is an aqueous disper6ion of an acrylate-styrene copolymer characterized by a: solids content (ISO1625) - 50 +
19~, pH(ISO 1148) - 8.0-9.5, viscosity at 23C(ISO
3219) (shear rate, 100 6-l) - 700-1700 mPa.6, density (ISO 8962) - ca. 8.67 lbs/gal/ca. 1.04 g/cm3, average particle size - ca. 0.1 ym, minimum film-forming temperature - ca.<33 F/ca.<1C, dispersion type -anionic, plasticizer content - free from plasticizer, sensivity to frost - below 32F/below 0C, density -ca. 1.08 g/cm3, glass transition temperature tg(DSC) -ca.-6C, water absorption after 24h immersion in water - ca. 1196, mechanical strength* elongation Q
break (~23C) - ca.200096, appearance - clear, transparent, surface - tacky.
AcronalT~ 296 D, also available from BASF, i8 an aqueou6 dispersion of butyl acrylate and styrene characterized by a: solids content (ISO 1625) - 50 i 196, pE~(ISO 1148) - 7.5-9.0, viscosity at 23C(ISO
3219) (6hear rate, 250 6-l) - 300-650 mPa.s, apparent viscosity at 23C(Brookfield RVT, spindle #5 ~ 20 rpm) - ca. 10,000 mPa.s, density (ISO 8962) - ca. 8.68 lbs/gal/ca. 1.04 g/cm3, average particle size - ca.
0.1 ,um, minimum film-forming temperature - ca.
68F/ca. 20C, dispersion type - anionic, plasticizer content - free from plasticizer, pigment binding capacity - very good, sensivity to frost - below 32F/below 0C, den~3ity - ca. l . 08 g/cm3~ glaBB
transition temperature tg(DSC) - ca. 22C, water 21~3~7~
absorption after 24h immersion in water - ca. 10~, mechanical strength* tensile strength -ca.1000 psi/ca.
7N/mm2, elongation ~ break - ca . 500~6, appearance clear, transparent, surface - non-tacky, flexibility -good, resistance to aging- good. Mechanical strength should be taken for comparison purposes only. All that can be obtained f rom it is an idea of the magnitude concerned.
In applying the laminate to a roof, the application is carried out by first hot or cold applying a base asphaltic layer to the roof in known manner. Even while the base asphaltic layer remains hot, the next step is immediately applying an ultraviolet light shield layer comprised of a mixture of hard and soft polymer to the base asphaltic layer, the ultraviolet light shield layer having mobile phase blocking characteristics. Immediately in this context means within a few hours or days, while the asphalt remains unweathered, that is, black and shiny. The ultraviolet light shield layer can be applied to the base asphaltic layer as a single layer i~cluding acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a Continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. Alternatively, the ultraviolet shield layer can be applied in two layers, firstly, by applying a barrier layer to the base asphaltic layer, the barrier layer including a dispersion of a hard acrylic polymer tsuch as AcronallM S295) and a soft acrylic polymer (such as Acronal~M S304) in water, with the hard acrylic polymer preæent in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and secondly, by applying a shield layer to the barrier layer, the shield layer including an ultraviolet light blocking agent as~ described ~1~3179 above. Optionally, a flexible fabric may be partially embedded in the base asphaltic layer before applying the shield layer. Typical application amounts, to achieve adequate coverage, for the barrier layer are S in the order of 0 . 33 liters/square meter, for the shield layer 0. 66 liter/square meter and for the single coat 1 literJsquare meter.
A person skilled in the art could make immaterial modifications to the invention described and claimed in this patent without departing from the essence of the invention.
Thus there is provided according to one aspect of the invention a roofing laminate comprising:
a first layer forming an asphaltic base for the laminate; and at least a second layer adhered to the first layer, the second layer including acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the second layer being formed from a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15 or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55C, and ~he first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9 :1 and 1: 9 .
The invention also provides an acrylic polymer based composition for use in forming a layer in an asphalt based roofing laminate, the composition comprising:
a dispersion of acrylic polymers in water in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the acrylic polymers including a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a fi~8t glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristic6 to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15 or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9 :1 and 1: 9 .
The composition used for the second layer of the roofing laminate preferably includes pigment and filler, as well known in the art in order to reduce cost. The ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the second layer, as also well known in the art, is such that it does not interf ere with the continuous ~ilm formed by the acrylic polymers in the second layer.
In a preferred embodiment for use in warm climates, the first acrylic polymer has a glasb transition temperature of 22C and the second acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of -6C, and the ratio of the amount of the f ir~t acrylic polymer to the second acrylic polymer is about 1:1.
These and further characteristics of the invention are described in more detail in the description and claim~ that follow.
nF~ TT.~n pESCRIPTION OF ~ r r ~ E~ol~T~ NT~:
Hard polymer for the purposes of this patent document in relation to another, soft, polymer means a polymer having a glass transition temperature having a glas8 tran8ition temperature at lea8t 15C greater than the glass transition temperature of the 80ft 21~3~7~
polymer. A metal complex is a combination of polymers or co-polymer6 with functional groups acting as Lewis bases and metal compounds providing cross-linking between the polymers. The metal complexes may be formed of polyvalent metallic compounds such as zinc salts for example xinc ammonium carbonate and a group having carboxylic functions attached to the polymer.
Exemplary carboxylic groups may be introduced to the polymer via the following monomers: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and itaconic acid. Exemplary polyvalent metallic compounds include aluminum salts, iron salts, chromium salts, zirconium salts, calcium salts, barium salts and magnesium salts.
The roofing laminate of the invention is intended for application to asphalt roofs. The asphalt forms a base asphaltic layer. The base asphaltic layer is conventional and any of various asphalts may be used, for example the modified asphalt sold as no.
6125 by American Hydrotech Inc.
In a preferred implementation of the invention, a single layer including hard and soft acrylic polymers (or co-polymers) is applied in known manner such as by a squeegee to the base asphaltic layer. The acrylic polymers should be pre8ent in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. Styrene acrylic co-polymers are preferred. The application may be carried out while the freshly applied (modified) asphalt is hot (melted) or after the (modified) asphalt applied as a dispersion has skinned over sufficiently to form a base for the next layer to be applied to. The single layer should have barrier charaCteristiCs to mobile (oily) phases in the hot or cold applied asphalt. Mobile phase blocking ~ 2~4317~
characteristics are believed to be provided by the presence of metal complexes ~vithin the acrylic polymers, particularly within the hard acrylic polymers. The metal complexes should be present in an amount preferably less than 5%, and greater than about 0.5~6, at least sufficient to promote and form cross-linking between the polymer molecules. The cross-linking and presence of the metallic complexes is believed to provide mobile phase blocking characteristics.
The amount of polymer required to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer is related to the pigment volume concentration (PVC). PVC is the ratio of the pigment volume to total volume of the composition. Pigment volume is taken to include pigment and other fillers or extenders. If the PVC level is too high, then the polymer will not be able to form a continuous film. Evidently, there must be sufficient composition to actually cover the surface of the base asphaltic layer, the emphasis here is on the amount of pigment and filler that might be present in the composition that might interf ere with the barrier f orming properties of the laminate .
Pigment volume may be calculated by dividing the mass of the pigment by its specific gravity. ~ikewise, the volume of the composition may be calculated by dividing it8 dry mass by its specific gravity. A
composition having greater than 3596 PVC is believed to begin to interfere with the continuity of the film and more than 4596 PVC is believed to interfere with the continuity of the f ilm to such an extent that the barrier properties of the film are lost.
The single layer should also have ultraviolet light blocking characteristics. Acrylic polymer resin has ultraviolet light blocking characteristics, but thi6 should be supplemented by other ultraviolet light blocking agents such as titanium oxide. It will be understood that the acrylic polymer should be at least sufficiently flexible to accommodate f lexing of the underlying asphalt at a broad temperature range. The provision of such a polymer having the desired flexibility characteristics is, in general, within the skill of a person skilled in the art. If the flexible acrylic polymer includes a sufficient amount of hard acrylic polymer, which are believed to contain metal complexes, in accordance with the teachings of this invention then the desired combination of barrier characteristics and flexibility may be obtained. Use of a co-polymer formed of a dispersion of a hard polymer and a soft polymer, wherein the hard polymer has a glass transition temperature 15C or more greater than the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer provides the desirable combination of barrier and flexibility characteristics. The upper limit for the glass transition temperature of the hard polymer is believed to be 40C, while the lower limit for the soft polymer is believed to be -55C.
The hard polymer may be AcronalU S725 available from BASF in Ludwigshafen in Germany. The soft polymer may be AcronalTM S304 also available from BASF. AcronallM S725 is an aqueous anionic dispersion of a butyl acrylate/styrene co-polymer having a solids mass fraction of 45 + 1%, a pH of from 8.5 to 10, a viscosity at 23C of from 25 to 60 mPa s, a minimum film-forming temperature of approximately 8C, an average particle diameter of approximately 0.1,um, a density of 1.05 g/cm3, a sensitivity to frost at less 2143~7~
than 0C, and that forms a film upon application having a density of 1. 09 g/cm3 and exhibits approximately 936 water absorption after 24 hours immersion. Acronal lu 5304 is an aqueous, anionic dispersion of an acrylic acid ester-styrene co-polymer having a solids content of 50 ~ 196, a pH of from 7.5 to 9.5~ a viscosity at 23C of from 30 to 150 mPa- s, an apparent visco6ity at 23C of approximately 250~ a density of approximately 1.00 g/cm3, a minimum film-forming temperature of less than approximately 1C, is free from plasticizer, is sensitive to frost below 0C, and that forms a film upon application that has a density of approximately 1.1 g/cm3, a glass transition temperature of approximately -22C~
exhibits approximately 159~ water absorption after 48 hours ' immersion, and exhibits a mechanical strength characterized by approximately from 800 to 14009~
elongation at break at 23C and approximately 80 to 130Qo elongation at break at -20C. The ratio of hard polymer to soft polymer is preferably between 9 :1 and 1:9 . A 9 :1 ration has superior barrier characteristics but because of a lack of flexibility, it is not suitable for use in areas with large annual temperatures variations such as much of Canada and northern United States. ~he brittle characteristics of the 9 :1 ratio makes the product more difficult to apply. If the film is too thick, it may too readily crack. In addition, ratio~ of less than 1:1 while having good flexibility, provide less desirable barrier characteristics. A 1:1 ratio is desirable for its f lexibility and ease of application . It will be appreciated that the presence of metal complexes ( 0 . 5 to 59~ ) in the hard polymer provide the desirable barrier characteristics, and at the same time result in the polymer being hard, 80 that in general it is believed that the selection of an appropriate hard polymer and an appropriate soft polymer will result in the desirable combination of flexibility and mobile phase blocking.
While the acrylic polymers together with the cross-linking promoting metal complexes provide suitable characteristics for a barrier and shield layer for a base asphaltic layer, it will be appreciated that in the general case, pigment and f iller are pre~erably added to the polymer. The pigment is used to ensure an appropriate colour, assist in blocking ultraviolet light, and ref lect heat. The filler, for example finely ground calcium carbonate or sod~um potasslum aluminum silicate (lO -60% range is preferred), is used for a variety of reasons, buch as c06t reduction, ultraviolet light blocking and tensile elongation. The pigment volume concentration should not be 80 high as to interfere with the continuity of the acrylic polymer film forming the barrier layer and therefore the barrier properties of the polymer. It is believed that pigment volume concentration of 35% or lower will avoid interf erence with barrier properties in most cases, but as would be understood by a person skilled in the art this depends on the characteristic6 of the polymer and filler, including particle size of the filler.
In accordance with known practice, the barrier and shield layer preferably includes a biocide in small quantities about 0 . 07%, dispersing agent in small quantities about 0.1% (for example, Dispex A~
available from Allied Colorids), coalescing agent 0 -2% (if de~ired, for example ~exanollM available from Eastman l~odak, Tennessee), defoamer 0 - 1% (for example, BYK035~M available from BYK-Chemie, Connecticut), thickener 1-5% (for example, Acrysol SCT275~M available from Rohm & Haas, OntarLo, Canada) and aramid fibres 0 - 2~ for strength.
The base asphaltic layer may be re-enforced by partially embedding a flexible mesh in the base asphaltic layer. A polyester or glass fibre mesh may be used, and it should have similar flexibility to the base asphaltic layer.
A barrier and 6hield layer may be formed of two separately applied layers. The barrler layer, which is fully adhered to the base asphaltic layer, is formed of a dispersion of a hard acrylic polymer and a soft acrylic polymer in water, the hard acrylic polymer, such as AcronallY S725 (available from BASF), havillg a glass transition temperature 15C or more that the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer, such as Acronal S304W. The soft acrylic polymer pref erably has a negative glass transition temperature such as -6C or lower. The mixture of hard and soft acrylic polymer is preferably present in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. In one embodiment, the AcronalT~ S725 and AcronalT4 S304 are both present in the amount of 32% by weight, with 19.2% calcium carbonate. A shield layer is then applied to and adhered to the barrier layer. The shield layer should have good flexibility, good adhesion propertie6 to the barrier layer and be ultraviolet light blocking. The flexibility may be obtained from a suitable soft polymer such as AcronalTY
S304, and the ultraviolet light blocking by appropriate selection of filler or other additives, the selection of which is known in the art.
A preferred composition of the single layer (combined barrier and shield) is as follows (all percentages in the tables are by mass percentage):
Compo~erlt Percentaae Water :~ 2 . 928 Calcium Carbonate 33 . 615 Titanium dioxide 1.769 TexanolW 1. 525 10 BYK035~M 0 508 Acronali S304 29 233 AcronallM S725 29.233 Acrysol~M SCT275 (0.51%) + glycol 1.16 Aramid Fibres o . 53 Dispersing agent 0.102 Biocide 0 . 071 This composition has been applied as a single coating in the amount of 1 liter/square meter to a f reshly applied hot base asphaltic layer of modified asphalt no. 6125 by American Hydrotech Inc. and has resisted ponding for 5 months at a 20C. The PVC for thi6 composition i8 329~.
The composition of a barrier layer that the inventor has used in conjunction with the shield layer is as follows (although it should be noted that the single barrier and shield layer is preferred):
ComPone~ Percentaae Water 14 . 498 30 Calcium Carbonate 19.161 BYK035~M 0 5 AcronalTA S304 31 93 AcronalY S725 31. 93 AcrysolT~ SCT275 + glycol 1. 42 35 Biocide 0 . 07 The PVC o~ the barrier layer is 3296.
The preferred composition of the shield layer is as follows:
Com~Qnent Perce~taae Water 0 Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate 39 . 062 5 Titanium dioxide 2 . 055 TexanollM o . 50 BYE~035Y o . 50 Acronal7M S304 56 . 715 Acronal~A S725 0 . O
AcrysolTM SCT275 + glycol 1.10 Aramid Fibres 0 . 53 Biocide 0 . 07 PVC for the shield i8 3596. It should be noted that the shield layer Lacks the barrier properties and i~
barrier properties are desired, the shield should be used in conjunction with a barrier layer. The shield layer may be applied to the barrier layer or to the single combined shield and barrier layer, or to other material such as metal or wood as a flexible ultraviolet shield layer. The barrier layer has been applied to freshly applied hot and cold ba6e asphaltic layers and has shown excellent adhesion to the base asphaltic layer, resistance to ponding water and ultraviolet light blocking. The shield layer demonstrates excellent ultraviolet light blocking characteristics along with high f lexibility and adhesion to the barrier layer.
While the above noted formulations provide satisfactory adhesion and flexibility at cooler temperatures, for warmer temperatures, acrylic polymers with higher glass transition temperatures are required. A pre:Eerred composition for a warmer temperature application ( eg Southern United States climate), includes a hard acrylic polymer with a glass transition temperature of 22C and a soft acrylic polymer with a glass transition temperature of -6C.
A preferred composition is formed of equal amounts of AcronalTM 567D ~29.1wt96) as the soft polymer and Acronal~M 296D as the hard polymer (29.1wt96), together with biocide (Dowicil751M, 0.08wt96), defoamer (BYK035Y, 0.23wt9~), filler (Minex7T~1, 39.65wt96) and pigment (titanium dioxide TR9601M, 1.84wt96).
Acronal~ 567 D, available from BASF, is an aqueous disper6ion of an acrylate-styrene copolymer characterized by a: solids content (ISO1625) - 50 +
19~, pH(ISO 1148) - 8.0-9.5, viscosity at 23C(ISO
3219) (shear rate, 100 6-l) - 700-1700 mPa.6, density (ISO 8962) - ca. 8.67 lbs/gal/ca. 1.04 g/cm3, average particle size - ca. 0.1 ym, minimum film-forming temperature - ca.<33 F/ca.<1C, dispersion type -anionic, plasticizer content - free from plasticizer, sensivity to frost - below 32F/below 0C, density -ca. 1.08 g/cm3, glass transition temperature tg(DSC) -ca.-6C, water absorption after 24h immersion in water - ca. 1196, mechanical strength* elongation Q
break (~23C) - ca.200096, appearance - clear, transparent, surface - tacky.
AcronalT~ 296 D, also available from BASF, i8 an aqueou6 dispersion of butyl acrylate and styrene characterized by a: solids content (ISO 1625) - 50 i 196, pE~(ISO 1148) - 7.5-9.0, viscosity at 23C(ISO
3219) (6hear rate, 250 6-l) - 300-650 mPa.s, apparent viscosity at 23C(Brookfield RVT, spindle #5 ~ 20 rpm) - ca. 10,000 mPa.s, density (ISO 8962) - ca. 8.68 lbs/gal/ca. 1.04 g/cm3, average particle size - ca.
0.1 ,um, minimum film-forming temperature - ca.
68F/ca. 20C, dispersion type - anionic, plasticizer content - free from plasticizer, pigment binding capacity - very good, sensivity to frost - below 32F/below 0C, den~3ity - ca. l . 08 g/cm3~ glaBB
transition temperature tg(DSC) - ca. 22C, water 21~3~7~
absorption after 24h immersion in water - ca. 10~, mechanical strength* tensile strength -ca.1000 psi/ca.
7N/mm2, elongation ~ break - ca . 500~6, appearance clear, transparent, surface - non-tacky, flexibility -good, resistance to aging- good. Mechanical strength should be taken for comparison purposes only. All that can be obtained f rom it is an idea of the magnitude concerned.
In applying the laminate to a roof, the application is carried out by first hot or cold applying a base asphaltic layer to the roof in known manner. Even while the base asphaltic layer remains hot, the next step is immediately applying an ultraviolet light shield layer comprised of a mixture of hard and soft polymer to the base asphaltic layer, the ultraviolet light shield layer having mobile phase blocking characteristics. Immediately in this context means within a few hours or days, while the asphalt remains unweathered, that is, black and shiny. The ultraviolet light shield layer can be applied to the base asphaltic layer as a single layer i~cluding acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a Continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer. Alternatively, the ultraviolet shield layer can be applied in two layers, firstly, by applying a barrier layer to the base asphaltic layer, the barrier layer including a dispersion of a hard acrylic polymer tsuch as AcronallM S295) and a soft acrylic polymer (such as Acronal~M S304) in water, with the hard acrylic polymer preæent in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and secondly, by applying a shield layer to the barrier layer, the shield layer including an ultraviolet light blocking agent as~ described ~1~3179 above. Optionally, a flexible fabric may be partially embedded in the base asphaltic layer before applying the shield layer. Typical application amounts, to achieve adequate coverage, for the barrier layer are S in the order of 0 . 33 liters/square meter, for the shield layer 0. 66 liter/square meter and for the single coat 1 literJsquare meter.
A person skilled in the art could make immaterial modifications to the invention described and claimed in this patent without departing from the essence of the invention.
Claims (14)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS
FOLLOWS:
1. A roofing laminate comprising:
a first layer forming an asphaltic base for the laminate; and at least a second layer adhered to the first layer, the second layer including acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the second layer being formed from a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15°C or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40°C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55°C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9:1 and 1:9.
a first layer forming an asphaltic base for the laminate; and at least a second layer adhered to the first layer, the second layer including acrylic polymers in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the second layer being formed from a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15°C or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40°C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55°C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9:1 and 1:9.
2. The roofing laminate of claim 1 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the second layer is such that it does not interfere with the continuous film formed by the acrylic polymers in the second layer.
3. The roofing laminate of claim 1 in which the first acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of 22°C and the second acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of -6°C.
4. The roofing laminate of claim 3 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the second layer is such that it does not interfere with the continuous film formed by the acrylic polymers in the second layer.
5. The roofing laminate of claim 3 in which the ratio of the amount of the first acrylic polymer to the second acrylic polymer is about 1:1.
6. The roofing laminate of claim 5 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the second layer is such that it does not interfere with the continuous film formed by the acrylic polymers in the second layer.
7. The roofing laminate of claim 1 further including:
a third layer adhered to the second layer, the third layer being formed of acrylic polymer having a glass transition temperature lower than -10°C and including an ultraviolet light blocking agent.
a third layer adhered to the second layer, the third layer being formed of acrylic polymer having a glass transition temperature lower than -10°C and including an ultraviolet light blocking agent.
8. The roofing laminate of claim 7 in which the first acrylic polymer and the second acrylic polymer are present in approximately equal quantities in the second layer.
9. An acrylic polymer based composition for use in forming a layer in an asphalt based roofing laminate, the composition comprising:
a dispersion of acrylic polymers in water in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the acrylic polymers including a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15° or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40°C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55°C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9:1 and 1:9.
a dispersion of acrylic polymers in water in an amount sufficient to form a continuous film upon application to the base asphaltic layer; and the acrylic polymers including a mixture of a first acrylic polymer having a first glass transition temperature for providing barrier characteristics to the second layer and a second acrylic polymer having a second glass transition temperature for providing flexibility characteristics to the second layer, the first glass transition temperature being 15° or more greater than the second glass transition temperature, the first glass transition temperature being less than 40°C, the second glass transition temperature being more than -55°C, and the first and second acrylic polymers being present in a weight ratio between 9:1 and 1:9.
10. The composition of claim 9 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the dispersion of acrylic polymers is such that it does not interfere with continuous films formed by the acrylic polymers in the roofing laminate.
11. The roofing laminate of claim 9 in which the first acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of 22°C and the second acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of -6°C.
12. The roofing laminate of claim 11 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the dispersion of acrylic polymers is such that it does not interfere with continuous films formed by the acrylic polymers in the roofing laminate.
13. The roofing laminate of claim 11 in which the ratio of the amount of the first acrylic polymer to the second acrylic polymer is about 1:1.
14. The roofing laminate of claim 13 further including pigment and filler, and in which the ratio of the pigment and filler volume to total volume of the dispersion of acrylic polymers is such that it does not interfere with continuous films formed by the acrylic polymers in the roofing laminate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002143179A CA2143179A1 (en) | 1995-02-17 | 1995-02-17 | Roofing laminate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002143179A CA2143179A1 (en) | 1995-02-17 | 1995-02-17 | Roofing laminate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2143179A1 true CA2143179A1 (en) | 1996-08-18 |
Family
ID=4155294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002143179A Abandoned CA2143179A1 (en) | 1995-02-17 | 1995-02-17 | Roofing laminate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2143179A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004070107A2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Performance Roof Systems S.A. | Waterproofing menbrane |
-
1995
- 1995-02-17 CA CA002143179A patent/CA2143179A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004070107A2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Performance Roof Systems S.A. | Waterproofing menbrane |
| WO2004070107A3 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2006-07-20 | Performance Roof Systems S A | Waterproofing menbrane |
| US7550205B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2009-06-23 | Imperbel N.V. | Waterproofing membrane |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |