CA2142079A1 - Method and apparatus for testing the sidewalls of containers - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for testing the sidewalls of containers

Info

Publication number
CA2142079A1
CA2142079A1 CA002142079A CA2142079A CA2142079A1 CA 2142079 A1 CA2142079 A1 CA 2142079A1 CA 002142079 A CA002142079 A CA 002142079A CA 2142079 A CA2142079 A CA 2142079A CA 2142079 A1 CA2142079 A1 CA 2142079A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
picture
containers
stations
bottle
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002142079A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl-Georg Burri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elpatronic AG
Original Assignee
Elpatronic AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elpatronic AG filed Critical Elpatronic AG
Publication of CA2142079A1 publication Critical patent/CA2142079A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9036Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents using arrays of emitters or receivers

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

For optically examining the container sidewalls are photographed in sections at a series of examination stations along a conveyor path (1) whereby the containers (2-6) are rotated between examination stations. This allows a rapid photographing with good results and produces with it a high examination rate.
For photographing, only one picture taking device (11) is provided which receives the pictures by means of a multi-reflected beam path as well as a semi-reflecting mirror or a V-shaped mirror (16).

Description

,` 2142079 MFTHOD AND APPARATUg FOR TFSTING
~H~ SIDBWALLS OF CONTAIN~RS

The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of Claim 1. Further, the invention relates to an apparatus for accomplishing the method.
It is known to test the sidewalls of containers optically.
In particular, this is undertaken with recyclable containers (e.g., recyclable bottle~ made of glass or plastic). Moreover, the container is rotated 360 degrees in front of a slit shutter camera so that the entire wall of the container is examined along A~ 11~o a line. From U.S. patent 4,750, 035 and British patent Gs-A-2, 165, 942 a method according to the preamble is known by which the containers are rotated between the picture taking stations.
Since the testing of containers in the case of recyclable bottles must take place in an industrial environment and at very high speeds (today conveyor devices in filling plants are operated with bottle processing rates of 30,000 to 60,000 bottles per hour), it is an object on the one hand to make possible sidewall testing which does not affect the container processing rate on the conveyor device. On the other hand, the photograph should result as much as possible in a form suitable for evaluation and at a most favorable cost.

~ `` 21~207!~
. ~

This object is accomplished by a method of the above mentioned type with the characterizing features of Claim 1.
Further, the object of providing a corresponding apparatus is accomplished by means of an apparatus according to Claim 3.
Through the placement o~ multiple picture stations along a conveyor path, each of which photographs only one sidewall section, very rapid testing i8 provided. Moreover, all sidewall sections are taken by one picture taking device which yields a particularly cost-effective solution; the multiple reflections produce a long beam path, an advantageous consideration for the evaluation.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are further described below with the aid of drawings in which;
Fig. 1 is a schematic of one portion of a bottle conveying apparatus for accomplishing the method;
Fig. 2 is a schematic of one portion of a further bottle conveying apparatus for accomplishing the method;
Fig. 3 is a schematic picture of the bottle sidewall sections;
Fig. 4 is a schematic of a further apparatus with a semi-reflecting mirror and a camera;
Fig. 5 is likewise a schematic of an apparatus with a semi-reflecting mirror and camera Fig. 1 illustrates generally schematically a portion of a container conveying installation for transparent and containers, in particular for recyclable PET bottles. The conveying installation is comprised, moreover, of a carousel 1 for the 2142~79 ; . ~

bottles which is only illustrated in part with the bottles 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and these are conveyed in the direction of the arrow.
On the whole carousel naturally more bottles are found and as a rule, a series of testing stations are arranged on the carousel, which stations, for example test for the presence of residual liquids, dangerous substances, the condition of the bottom of the bottle, and so forth.
Preferably, the entire sidewall of each bottle is tested on an optical path. In Figure 1, illumination devices 7 and 8 are provided for this purpose, and these devices illuminate each section of the sidewall. Moreover, flashlamps or pulse-operated ~ED arrays are contemplated as illumination devices. Also, a continuous illumination, likewise provided by lamps or lamp diodes, is possible if the picture taking device is provided with a shutter or a similar device which guarantees that a brief, unblurred picture is taken of each of the moving bottles.
In the illustrated embodiment each sidewall section of a bottle 2, 3, 5, and 6 is simultaneously photographed by video camera 11. Moreover, in Fig. 1 only one beam path 12 from the illumination device 8 to the bottle 6 and to the camera 11 is shown completely. The beam paths for the other bottles are only partially indicated (bottle 5 with the beam path 13, bottle 3 with the beam path 14) or nothing is shown at all (bottle 2) in order to keep the figure clear. The section of a sidewall of the bottle 6 to be photographed is accordingly illuminated by the illumination device 8 and is reflected at the first mirror 9 to the mirror 10' and from there to the mirror 10, again to the mirror 10' and from there to the camera 11 by means of the mirror arrangement 16. It is apparent that the simultaneously photographed sidewall sections of the bottles 5, 3 and 2 are projected to the camera 11 in a similar manner by means of the mirrors 9, 9', 10, 10' and 16. The momentary picture received by the camera, therefore, consists of four sidewall sections simultaneously, one for each of the bottles 6, 5, 3 and 2, which are projected to the camera by means of the two mirrored surfaces of the V-shaped mirror 16.
The bottles are advanced further which accordingly results in the bottle 6 assuming the same position at a later point in time which the bottle 5 assumed in Fig. 1. Similarly, at this time, bottle 5 of Fig. 1 is found in the same position that the bottle 4 occupied in Fig. 1. At this point in time another bottle which is not visible in Fig. 1 iS pushed into the position of the bottle 6 in Fig. 1. The bottle 2 of Fig. 1 at this point in time i8 no longer in the region of the sidewall testing. With the advancement of the bottles in the region of sidewall testing the bottles are rotated about their vertical axis. With the advancement of the bottle 6 from the position in Fig. 1 to the position at which the next picture photograph is taken (position of the bottle 5 in Fig. 1) a rotation takes place in the illustrated example such that a sidewall section of the bottle shifted by 90 is photographed. Correspondingly, the other bottles are also rotated and the next photographs by the camera 11 therefore again show four sidewall sections whereby in contrast to the previous photograph of the bottles 6, 5, and 3, however, other 2142~79 . ~

sidewall sections are photographed since each of the bottles has been rotated. The process is repeated continuously. With each new photograph again four new sidewall sections are photographed through the V-shaped mirror 16. In other words, for example, the bottle 6 illustrated in Fig. 1 is photographed four times by the camera 11 along the illustrated conveyor section whereby each time a different sidewall section is photographed since the bottle 6 during a passage through the conveyor section rotates about its own axis. Moreover, the photographs are produced in such a manner that, as a rule, the sequentially photographed sidewall sections of the same bottle overlap. The rotation of the bottle about its axis can be affected by known drive elements which are not illustrated in the figures. For this, one might consider a rotational drive by means of a cam control located below the carousel or a step motor drive.
Naturally, the picture path can also be realized in other fashions than with the mirrors 9, 9', 10, 10' and 16 shown. It is contemplated, however, to use the longest possible beam path through multiple reflections so that an observation of the bottle sidewalls through the camera 11 is as parallel as possible.
Further, it is preferred that the camera be arranged in the vertical direction below the center of the bottle and in this position it is directed upwardly toward the bottle. This allows a good observation of the so-called ~wear bands~ of the bottle and permits one to see over the bottle dome.
The eva~uation of the photographed pictures is produced in a known manner through machine analysis of the pictures. Moreover, '` ~ 214207g naturally the correlation of each sidewall section with the bottles must be guaranteed since each bottle appears in the four pictures. The recognition of damage or contamination of a bottle by means of the photographed pictures leads in a known manner to the sorting of the corresponding bottles.
Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment with a conveying carousel 21 and six testing stations with illumination devices 32 to 37 for which the above referenced operation is likewise valid. In this example the sidewall sections of six bottles 23, 24, 25, and 28, 29, 30 are simultaneously photographed by one (or more) cameras (not illustrated in Fig. 2). Moreover, the beam path, as illustrated with the aid of bottles 24 and 30 extends between the mirrors 38', 39' or correspondingly 38, 39. For the remaining bottles only the beginning of the beam i8 indicated. In this embodiment also the bottles are rotated along their feedpath by means of drive elements 40 so that in each photo position a different sidewall section is photographed. Accordingly, at the 8ix photo stations in Fig. 2 each bottle is rotated so that a section of the bottle sidewall shifted by 60- is viewed. Between the positions of the bottles 26, and 27 in Fig. 2 no rotation is produced and correspondingly rotation is produced only between the positions of the bottles 25 and 28 since in between, no photos are taken. This is naturally also true for the corresponding position of the bottle 4 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows schematically a picture 41 which reproduces each of the sidewall sections of the bottles 23, 24, 25 and 28, 29, 30 corresponding to the momentary photographic situations of Fig. 2.

~ 2142~79 Another preferred type of illustration brings three sidewall sections in adjacent positions (therefore, in contrast to the 90' rotation of Fig. 3) onto the light receiving surface of the camera for viewing. For this, in general the CCD-chip camera is quite useful and produces a good result. Then, two such camera pictures will be needed for each 60 degree observation of the bottle sidewalls. The observation of the bottles in each of the six sections, therefore each shifted by 60 , employing fewer sections, has the advantage that no or ~;n~ m~ l edge loss of light is caused and defects in the edge region are more easily recognized.
Fig. 4 shows schematically an arrangement for the photographing of each of three sidewall sections in one picture.
Moreover, a semi-reflecting mirror 42 is positioned in the beam in front of the camera 11. Therefore, it is possible to illuminate the bottles 43, 44 and 45 at once and the photograph of the three bottle sidewall sections is produced such that the light passes through the mirror 42. Accordingly, the bottles 47, 48, 49 are illuminated and the photograph of the three bottle sidewall sections is produced through the reflection of light onto the mirror 42.
Fig. 5 only shows the region of the camera for a further apparatus which is otherwise like the apparatus of Fig. 4.
Moreover, two mirrors 50 and 51 and a semi-reflecting mirror 52 are provided. With a photograph of each of the three sidewall sections by means of the camera 11 the beam path runs to the camera in one case from the left by means of the mirror 50 and a reflection at the mirror 52. In the other case, the beam path 21~!207~

runs to the camera by way of the mirror 51 and through the mirror 52 whereby in each case the mirror 53 reflects the beam onto the camera axi~.
In the illustrated manners the sidewalls of containers can be photographed with a camera at a high rate and good results which allows rapid testing of the same.

Claims (6)

1. A method for examining the sidewall of a container from its optical image and evaluation of the picture taken by a picture taking device whereby a plurality of containers are advanced along a conveyor path and moreover, past a series of picture stations, and a sidewall section of each container is photographed at each picture station by means of a photographic device and with advancement of the containers each is rotated so that at the series of photographic stations another sidewall section of each container is photographed characterized in that one photographic device is common to several picture stations and photographs a picture of the sidewall sections of various containers, the beam path from each picture station being reflected multiple times to the photographic device and a semi-reflecting mirror and/or a V-shaped mirror is located in the beam path whereby the pictures are reflected onto the photographic device.
2. A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the picture taking device is arranged below the center of the containers
3. Apparatus for accomplishing the method according to claim 1, with a container conveying apparatus with means for rotating the containers, a plurality of picture stations being arranged along the conveyor path along the region of the rotating means and picture taking means for photographing the pictures of each container sidewall section produced from the picture stations, and whereby the picture stations each include an illumination device characterized in that, a picture taking device is provided and the beam from the illumination device is reflected multiple times to the picture taking device by means of mirrors and a semi-reflecting mirror and/or a V-shaped mirror is arranged in front of the photographic device.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3 characterized in that the picture taking device is arranged below the center of the bottles.
5. An apparatus according to claims 3 or 4 characterized in that the container conveying device consists of a conveying carousel.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that a sidewall section comprlses 60 of the bottle wall.
CA002142079A 1994-02-24 1995-02-08 Method and apparatus for testing the sidewalls of containers Abandoned CA2142079A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00553/94-0 1994-02-24
CH00553/94A CH686910A5 (en) 1994-02-24 1994-02-24 Method and apparatus for the evaluation of the side wall of a container.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2142079A1 true CA2142079A1 (en) 1995-08-25

Family

ID=4189664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002142079A Abandoned CA2142079A1 (en) 1994-02-24 1995-02-08 Method and apparatus for testing the sidewalls of containers

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0669528B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07260710A (en)
AT (1) ATE179517T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9500759A (en)
CA (1) CA2142079A1 (en)
CH (1) CH686910A5 (en)
DE (1) DE59505741D1 (en)
FI (1) FI950812A (en)
NO (1) NO950689L (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10322459B3 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-11 Krones Ag Bottle or container optical inspection arrangement has a single light source arrangement with optical means permitting both transmission and incident or reflective illumination of the bottle from the same source
DE19542630C2 (en) * 1995-11-15 2001-10-11 Thomas Huhn Device and method for testing vessel walls
DE102004013774B4 (en) * 2004-03-20 2018-10-04 Khs Gmbh Inspection device for containers made of glass or a translucent material
FR2916048B1 (en) 2007-05-09 2010-05-28 Tiama METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INSPECTING TRANSPARENT OR TRANSLUCENT ARTICLES IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE THE OPERATION OF A CONTROL MACHINE

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1600400A (en) * 1977-10-13 1981-10-14 Ti Fords Ltd Bottle inspection apparatus
ES500718A0 (en) * 1980-03-28 1982-05-16 Udaras Na Gaeltachta A DEVICE FOR INSPECTING TRANSLUCED CONTAINERS
JPS61100604A (en) * 1984-10-24 1986-05-19 Hajime Sangyo Kk Apparatus for inspecting surface
US4750035A (en) * 1986-09-11 1988-06-07 Inex/Vistech Technologies, Inc. Video container inspection with collimated viewing of plural containers
JPS6461655A (en) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-08 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Defect inspecting instrument
NL8902041A (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-03-01 Heuft Qualiplus Bv DEVICE FOR INSPECTING OBJECTS FROM VARIOUS VIEWS.
DE4022733C1 (en) * 1989-12-19 1991-05-08 Elpatronic Ag, Zug, Ch Three=dimensional cavity inspection appts. - uses matrix or line camera to receive reflected light via gp. of four mirrors and deflecting mirror

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE179517T1 (en) 1999-05-15
CH686910A5 (en) 1996-07-31
NO950689L (en) 1995-08-25
DE59505741D1 (en) 1999-06-02
BR9500759A (en) 1995-10-24
FI950812A (en) 1995-08-25
JPH07260710A (en) 1995-10-13
EP0669528B1 (en) 1999-04-28
EP0669528A1 (en) 1995-08-30
FI950812A0 (en) 1995-02-22
NO950689D0 (en) 1995-02-23

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FZDE Discontinued