CA2139527C - Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors - Google Patents
Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyorsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2139527C CA2139527C CA002139527A CA2139527A CA2139527C CA 2139527 C CA2139527 C CA 2139527C CA 002139527 A CA002139527 A CA 002139527A CA 2139527 A CA2139527 A CA 2139527A CA 2139527 C CA2139527 C CA 2139527C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cast
- knuckle
- joint knuckle
- mounting platform
- upper joint
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
- A61C19/055—Paralleling devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors. In the method, the accuracy and speed of recording the path of insertion is easily effected with the help of a scoring tool and an adjustable surveyor table on which a cast is secured and the spatial relationship of the cast with respect to the scoring tool can be easily adjusted, facilitating parallel line making on the cast in one aspect and the reorientation of the cast in another aspect.
Description
2139~2~
METHOD AND APPARAT~S OF RECORDING AND
REPRODUCING THE PATH OF INSERTION OF A CAST ON ~U~YORS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor.
As it has been well known that there have been several methods disclosed in this dental field for recording the path of insertion of a cast and the reproduction of the tilt on surveyor, such as:
1. Tripod-marks method 2. Vertical lines on sldes of base of cast method ( scoring method ) 3.Three marks on sides of base of cast method 4.Cemented pin method (Ref: 1) 5.Kaloyannides method (Re~: 2) 6.Steas method ~Ref:3~
Among these methods, the vertical lines on sides of a base of cast method ~scoring method) has a preferred advantage, i. e., its records can be easily reproduced in any duplication. However, it is not easy to accurately reproduce the tilt of cast on a surveyor, because there are two problems existing i~ this method. First, the records made on sides of base are done by scoElng along a analyzing rod, it may shift to either sides, if there is a space left ~ 21~2~
between the analyzing rod and the cast surface, as shown in Fig. 1. Second, redetermination of the position of the cast on surveyor can be done only by trial and error approach;
such procedure is time consuming and the result is not very satisfactory. In the tripod-marks method, it encounters the same problems too.
To make records in the vertical lines on sides of a base cast method (scoring method3 accurate, they must be scored ~erpendicular to the cast surface. In other words, it should be a projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface. Without other aids, it is difficult to get this job done simply by scoring the cast surface along the edge of the analyzing rod, because there may be a space left between the analyzing rod and the cast surface.
Solution to this problem is, above all, to make the cast surface on which marks are scored trimmed into a flat plahe, sincé it is impossible to scribe a straight line on a curved surface. To aid in making a vertical line, a square block can be used. Making a vertical line, the base of the square black should be in close abutment with the cast surfa~e, one side of it is positioned alonside of the analyzing rod, then the vertical line can be made by scribing along the other side of the block. The records made in this manner will be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface, as shown in Fig. 2.
In order to simplify this procedure, a special ~ 2139~27 scoring tool is designed with the same geometric concept.
In general, there are two most common methods for reproducing the original cast position on surveyors given as below:
The scoring method:
Tilting a cast until all three lines marked thereon become again parallel to the analyzing rod, the original cast position can be reestablished. In other words, first, the cast is oriented in adjustment until one line on the base o~ the cast becomes parallel to the analyzing rod, then it is tried to make the lines on the lateral surfaces of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod. When the cast position is altered, all the lines on the cast surfaces will be moved in unison, it is almost impossible to maintain the parallel relationship of the line on the base of the cast with the analyzing rod, having already ~een established, it will be shifted to either side. By means of a conventional surveyor table equipped with a universal joint, as shown in Fig. 3, an operator can reproduce the tiIt of a cast only by trial and error, until all three lines are again parallel to the analyzing rod.
The tripod-mark method:
On returning the cast to the surveyor, it may be tilted until the tip of the analyzing rod again contacts the three dots on the same plane. However, the procedure is not very easy because to make three dots iocate on an identical CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 level at one tlme wlthout trlal and error. So, lt ls necessary to flnd an easy way to ~ulckly and accurately determlne a cast posltlon by way of a new surveyor table.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The prlmary ob~ect of the present lnventlon ls to provlde an easy and efflclent method of recordlng and - reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyors.
Another ob~ect of the present lnventlon ls to provlde an ad~ustable surveyor table ln comblnatlon wlth a conventlonal surveyor so as to permlt a cast to be easlly secured to a cast mountlng platform and the spatlal relatlon of the cast wlth respect to a scorlng tool can be varlably ad~usted whereby the recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyors can be speedlly determlned.
In accordance wlth an aspect of the present lnventlon, there ls provlded an apparatus for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng: a surveyor havlng a horlzontally dlsposed supportlng base and a vertlcally dlsposed post whlch ls mounted to sald supportlng base; a flrst arm havlng one end plvotally flxed to sald vertlcal post; a second arm havlng one end plvotally connected to the other end of sald flrst arm~ an ad~ustable rod vertlcally dlsposed at the other end of sald second arm; a scorlng tool for scorlng marks on a cast belng attached to the bottom end of sald ad~ustable rod; an operatlon base belng rotatably mounted to sald supportlng CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 base; a supportlng block engaged wlth sald operatlon base, rotatable ln a horlzontal plane; a lower ~olnt knuckle engaged wlth sald supportlng block belng rotatable ln a vertlcal plane wlth respect to sald supportlng block; an upper ~olnt knuckle engaged wlth sald lower ~olnt knuckle belng rotatable wlth respect thereto ln a vertlcal plane; a cast mountlng platform engaged wlth sald upper ~olnt knuckle belng rotatable wlth respect thereto ln a horlzontal plane; sald mountlng platform havlng ad~ustlng means assoclated therewlth so as to permlt a dental cast to be ad~ustably mounted thereto.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded an apparatus for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng: a surveyor havlng a horlzontally dlsposed supportlng base and a vertlcally dlsposed post whlch ls mounted to sald supportlng base; a flrst arm havlng one end plvotally flxed to sald vertlcal post; a second arm havlng one end plvotally connected to the other end of sald flrst arm; an ad~ustable rod vertlcally dlsposed at the other end of said second arm; a scorlng tool for scorlng marks on a cast belng attached to the bottom end of sald ad~ustable rod; an operatlon base havlng a vertlcal axls at the center thereof belng ad~ustably flxed to sald supportlng base; a supportlng block rotatably engaged wlth sald vertlcal axls of sald operatlon base, permlttlng sald supportlng block to rotate ln a horlzontal plane, havlng a horlzontal extenslon axls; a lower ~olnt knuckle havlng a ~olnt tube and a coupllng sectlon; sald coupllng sectlon belng rotatably engaged wlth sald horlzontal extenslon axls of sald supportlng block, 4a 77699-1 CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 permlttlng sald lower ~olnt knuckle to be rotatably ad~usted ln a vertlcal plane; sald ~olnt tube belng lntegrally engaged wlth sald coupllng sectlon ln such a manner that lts axlal dlrectlon ls orthogonal to the axlal dlrectlon of sald lower tubular sectlon; an upper ~olnt knuckle havlng blfurcated lugs wlth sald ~olnt tube rotatably fltted therebetween so as to ~ permlt sald upper ~olnt knuckle to be rotatably ad~usted ln a vertlcal plane and havlng an extended rotatlon ad~ustment portlon; an ad~ustable cast mountlng platform havlng a palr of parallel flxed plllars ln cooperatlon wlth a sprlng blased clamp for llmltlng a cast mounted thereon ln place; sald ad~ustable cast mountlng platform belng rotatably engaged wlth sald extended rotatlon ad~ustment portlon of sald upper ~olnt knuckle so as to be rotatable ln a horlzontal plane for ad~ustment; whereby a cast secured to sald cast mountlng platform can be randomly ad~ustably tllted ln a 3 - dlmenslon space ln cooperatlon wlth sald plvotal flrst arm and second arm and sald vertlcally ad~ustable rod so as to permlt sald ad~ustable analyzlng rod to be placed ln abutment agalnst sald cast accurately for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast easlly.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded a method of recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng the steps of: 1. locatlng a dental cast havlng a number of separated marks on the sldes of the base of the cast on the cast mountlng platform wlth the cast faclng a reference plane whlch ls created by sald two parallel plllars, keeplng the base of sald cast ln close contact wlth sald reference plane, 4b 77699-1 CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 then locklng sald cast at thls posltlon; 2. settlng sald rotatlon ad~ustment at zero degree by means of sald zero-settlng mark, maklng sald reference plane perpendlcular to the long axls of said upper ~olnt knuckle; 3. uslng sald upper ~olnt knuckle to ad~ust the lateral tlltlng of sald cast to make the llne on the base of sald cast parallel to sald ~ analyzlng rod, then locklng sald upper ~olnt knuckle at thls settlng; 4. uslng sald lower ~olnt knuckle to ad~ust the antereoposterlor tlltlng of sald cast to make the llne on a lateral slde of sald cast parallel to sald analyzlng rod, then locklng sald lower ~olnt knuckle at thls settlng.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded a method of recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on a dental surveyor, comprlslng the steps of: 1. settlng sald upper ~olnt and lower ~olnt knuckles at zero degree by means of sald zero-settlng marks;
2. maklng two polnts of a trlpod-mark at equal level by ad~ustlng sald helght ad~ustment screws, then locklng sald cast at thls posltlon; 3. uslng sald upper ~olnt knuckle to tllt sald cast mountlng platform ln a perpendlcular dlrectlon wlth sald lower ~olnt knuckle locked at zero degree settlng;
4. uslng sald rotatlon ad~ustment to get sald cast mountlng platform rotated untll the two polnts reaches equal level agaln, then locklng sald rotatlon ad~ustment at thls settlng;
5. tlltlng sald cast mountlng platform around sald upper ~olnt knuckle to make all three polnts at the same level.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flg. 1 conslsts of a number of dlagrams showlng a prlor art method of scorlng llnes on a cast whlch are scrlbbed 4c 77699-1 along an analyzlng rod wlth them out of parallel wlth one another as a result of a space left between the cast surface and 4d 77699-1 ~ 213952~
the analyzing rod;
Fig. 2 consists of a number of diagrams showing a square block secured to the side of an analyzing rod and is placed in close abutment against the cast surface so that lines scrib~ed along the other side of the block will be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface with the Iines parallel with one another.
Fig. 3aiS a diagram showing a prior art surveyor table;
Fig. 3b is a diagram showing a cast mounted onto the surveyor table;
Fig. 3bl is an enlarged diagram showing the scoring of a line with a conventional scoring tool in close abutment against a cast;
Fig. 3c is a diagram showing a dental cast mounted onto the surveyor table with the scoring tool not in close contact with a cast;
Fig 3cl is an enlarged diagram thereof;
Figs.4, 4a are diagrams showing a scoring tool of the present invention which can be mounted to a clamping member of a conventional surveyor;
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a scoring tool of the present invention;
Fig. 6 consists of 3 diagrams showing the steps of the lower segment of the scoring tool being adjusted to abut close~y against the cast surface and a line which is a p~ojection ,of the analyzing rod to the cast surface is ~ 21~52~
scribed along the other side thereof;
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a surveyor table of the present invention mounted to a conventional surveyor in practical operation;
Fig. 8 is a surveyor table of the present invention;
Figs. 8A, 8B, 8C are enlarged diagrams showing the zero setting mark$ on the rotation adjustment, upper joint knuckle and lower joint knuckle being set at zero degree so as to create a plane by the two parallel pillars which will be perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle; as the upper an~ lower joint knuckles are set at zero degree, the cast mounting platform will be parallel to the horizontal plane;
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the exploded components of the surveyor table of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the cast mounting platform being rotated with respect to the upper joint knuckle controlled by the rotation adjustment ;
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an adjustment of the cast mounting platform by actuation of the uppe~ joint knuckle;
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the cast mounting platform being adjusted by the lower joint knuckle;
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the adjustment of the surveyor table by way of the rotation joint knuckle with respect to the operation base;
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the reference planes V, P, H, of the project geometry; plane S .represents the cast surface; line N representing the analyzing rod is perpendicular to the horizontal plane H; line L represents a scoring line on the plane S; if the line L is made in coincidence with the line N, then let the plane S rotate about the line HP which is the intersection of plane H and plane P; the line L is perpendicular to the line HP, so the projection o~f the line L on the plane P (line ~') will àlways be parallel to the projection of line N ~n the plane P ( line N'); whenever the plane S is rotated about the line HP or a parallel line, t~is relationship will not vary, i.e. , the scoring lines parallel to the projection of the ahalyzing rod on the cast surface;
Fig. 15a is a diagram showing two points A and B of the tripod mark method; if point~ A and B are adjusted to be on an identical level ( using height adjustment screws along with the analyzing rod when the cast mounting platform is parallel with the horizontal plane ) with the cast mounting platform, they will always be on the same plane ~plane E ) created by the movement of the cast mounting platform controlled by rotation adjustment;
~ig. l~b shows the tilting of the plane E in a perpendicular direction by actuation of the upper joint knuckle so as to put points A and B on a different level;
then the plane E is rotated to ma~e the points A and B on an identical level again; at this position the height ha ~ 21~9S27 is equal to the height hb, so the distance of point A to the line K ~ the intersection line of planes E and H 3 da will become equal to the distance db from point B to the line K; whenever the plane E is rotated about the line K or a parallel line, points A and B will always be on an identical level' Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the mounting of a cast onto the cast mounting platform with the cast surface in close abutment with the two parallel pillars and then locking the cast at this position and setting the rotation adjustment at ~ero degree;
Fig. 17 shows the tilting of the cast by way of the upper joint knuckle so as to make the scoring line parallel to the analyzing rod and then lock the upper joint knuckle at this position;
Figs. 18a, 18b show the use of the lower joint knuckle to tilt the cast to make the scoring line on the lateral .
surface of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod'~then lock the lower Joint knuckle at this position whereby the cast position is reestablished;
Figs. 19, l9a show the mounting of the cast on ~he cast moùnting platform and setting both the upper and lower joint knuckles at zero degree;
Figs. 20, 20a show the use of the héight adjustme~t screws to adjust the cast position, making thè two points a and b on an identical level;
21~27 .
Fig. 21 shows the use of the upper joint knuckle to tilt the cast mounting platform in a perpendicular directi~n, points a and b being put on a different level;
Fig. 22 shows the rotation of the cast mounting platform about the rotation adiustment so as to make the points a and b on an identical level again and then locking the rotation adjustment at this position;
Figs. 23a, 23b show the tilting of the cast mounting platform àbout the upper joint knuckle to make the point c on an identical level with the points a and b then locking the upper joint ~nuckle at this position, the cast position being reestablished.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFER~E~ EMBODIMENT~ ~
Refèrring to Figs. 4, 5, a special scoring tool .
24 for marking precise straight li~es on a cast surface is illustrated. This scoring tool 24 has two parts which are connected to each other by a hinge joint 242. The upper part has a mandrel 241 served as an attachment for a surveyor spindle, the lower part is an analyzing rod 243 having a rectangular cross section, serving the same purpose as a conventional square ~lock as previously described.
Using this s~coring tool to keep record of a path ~ 21~9~27 of insertion, it is necessary to keep the lower part in close abutment against the cast surface o~ a dental model so as to permit vertical lines scribed along an edge of the lower part. Because the hinge joint is parallel to the horizontal plane, it limits the direction of movement of the lower part on the plane perpendicular to the cast surface and not to shift to either side. So, the lines ~arked in such manner will conform to the projection of the path of insertion on the cast surfaces, as shown in Fi~. 6.
Referring to Fi~s. 7, 8, 9, a new surveyor table of the present invention is provided. The surveyor 10 has a supporting base 11 on which a pair of parallel slots 12 are disposed. The surveyor table 30 is equipped with a cast mounting plat~orm 35 on which is disposed a cast 50. A
round operation base 31 is adjustably engaged with the parallel slots 12 on the supporting base 11 of the surveyor 10. On one side of the cast mounting platform 35 are disposed two parallel fixed pillars 355. At the center of the cast mounting platform 35 and in the l~ngitudinal direction is disposed an open-ended slot 350. A cast holding clamp 35~ biased by a spring 352 fixed to a bolt 351 is slidably housed in the slot 3S0 and three cast height adjusting screws 353.
Referring to Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, an upper joint knuckle 301 and a lower joint knuckle 302 and a supporting block 32 are adjustably associated with one another. The ~ 21395~
cast mounting platform 35 is rotatably engaged with the upper ~oint knuckle 301 by means of the rotation adjustment 303. The supporting bloc~ 32 is adjustably mounted to the operation base 31, ~ eferring further to Fig. 9, the upper joint knuckle 301 has bifurcated lugs 341 each having a through hole 340. The upper joint knuckle 301 is also e~uipped with a rotation adjustment 303 having a round hole 344 which is engaged with a spinning shaft 356 disposed under the cast mounting platform 35 so that the cast mounting platform 35 can be rotatably adjusted.
The lowe~ joint knuckle 302 has a joint tube 331 having a through hole 330. In assembly, the joint tube 331 is disposed between the two lugs with the through hole 330 in alignment with the through hole 340 and a sleeve 345 is led through the aligned holes, then a locking member 343 is en~aged with each end of the sleeve 345. A turning knob 342 having threads thereon is engaged with the locking members 343 one of which is provided with inner threads so that the upper joint knuckle 301 can be rotatably actuated wi.th respect to the lower joint knuckle 302.
The lower joint knuckle 302 is provided with a coupling section 33 having a through hole 332 having an axis oriented orthogonally with respect to the axis of the Joint tube 331 which is fitted in between the bifurcated lugs 341. A through hole 334 is disposed on the waLl of the 21~95~7 coupling section so as to permit a turning knob 333 to be engaged therewith.
The supporting block 32 is provided with a horizontal extension axis 323 which is engaged with the through hole 332 of the coupling section 33. A vertical joint hole 3~2 is disposed at one end of the supporting block 32 so that the supporting block 32 can be rotatably mounted onto the operation base 31 by means of a vertical rod 311. ~he ~ottom end of the operation base 31 is engaged with a pair of bolts 40 that are removably disposed in the slots 12 so that the location of the operation base 31 can be adjusted. A turning knob 321 is in locking engagement with the supporting block 32 so that the supporting block 32 is firmly secured in place onto the operation base 31 when the turning knob 321 is screwed tight. To permit the supporting block 32 to be rotatably adjusted, the turning knob 321 must be loosened.
The ~hreaded turning knobs 321, 333, 342 and 346 are used to firmly lock the joint knuckles and the supporting block 32 and the cast mounting platform 35 in place so that the upper joint knuckle 301, the lower ~oint knuckle 302 and the supporting block 32 and the cast mounting platform 3S can be adjusted with respect to one ~nother and locked,in place.
Referring to Fig. 14, to carry out the scoring method, detailed steps are given as follows:
~ 2139S27 If a line is scored in coincidence with the analyzing rod, and the cast is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the cast surface, the scored line will always be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface. By tilting the cast in this manner until the line on the other side of the cast is again parallel to the analyzing rod, the original cast position is reproduced.
1. When the cast surface abuts closely against a reference plane created by the two parallel pillars 355 of the cast mounting platform 35 and the rotation adjustment is set at zero, it is perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle. This relationship will not be varied in any lateral tilt setting.
2. The long axes of the upper joint knuckle and the lower joint knuckle are perpendicular to each other. So, the cast surface ( in any lateral tilt setting ) will be always parallel to the long axis of the lower joint knuckle.
3. The lower Joint knuckle restricts the movement of the cast in a direction perpendicular to the base of the cast.
So, when the line on the base of the cast has been adJusted parallel to the analyzing rod, this relationship will always be maintained, i.e., the projection of the analyzing rod ~n the base of thé cast ) at any anteroposterior tilt setting.
For the tripod-marks method:
Referri~g to Figs.15A, 15B, if two points of the ~ripod-marks are to be put on an identical level, the cast is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the line created by the two points, the two points will alawys be located at the same level. By tilting the cast in this manner until all three points are put on the same level, the original cast position is reproduced.
1. When the upper joint knuckle and the lower joint knuckle are set at zero degree, the cast mounting platform will be parallel to the horizontal plane. By means of the height adjustment screws, two point$ of the tripod-marks can be placed on the same level as the cast mounting platform.
Under this circumstance, the two points will be located on the same plane created by rotation of the rotation adiustment.
2. Afterwards, the cast moûnting plat~orm is tilted in the perpendicular direction by means of the upper Joint knuckle, the two points will be placed on a dif~erent level.
3. The cast mounting platform can be rotated by way of the rotation adjustment until the two points are disposed on an identical level again. At this position, the line connecting these two points will just become perpendicular to the direction of movement of the upper joint knuc~le.
So, this time the two points will always be placed on an identical level to each other at any tilt setting controlled by the upper joint knuckle.
" . 2l3952~
.
Detailed procedures ior manipulation of this surveyor tahle are given as below:
Fo~ the scoring method:
l. First put the cast on the cast mounting platform, the base of the cast faces the reference plane created by the two parallel pillars; it is necessary to keep the base of the cast in close abutment against the reference plane and then lock it at this position. To secure the cast position, if the~e is a space un~er the cast, due to the border of the cast not being squarely angled, it can be supported in place by the height adjustment screws, as shown in Fig. 16.
2. Set the rotation adjustment at zero degree, then the reference plane will be perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle.
3. Use the upper joint-knuckle to make adjustment on the lateral tilting of the cast to make the line on the base of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod. Then lock the upper joint knuckle at this setting, as shown in Fig. 17.
4. Use the ~ower Jolnt knùckle to adjust the antereoposterior tilting of the cast to make the line on lateral side of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod.
Then loc~ the lower joint knuckle at this setting, as shown in Figs. 18a, 18b.
For the tripod-marks method:
~. Set the upper joint knuckle and lower joint knuckle at zero degree, as shown in Fig. 19.
21~9~27 2. Make the two points of the tripod-marks on the same level by actuation of the height adjustment screws, then lock the cast at this position, as shown in Fig.20.
3. Use the upper jaint knuckle to tilt the cast mounting platform in a perpendicular direction. The lower joint knuc~le is locked at zero degree setting, as shown in Fig. 21.
4. R~tate the cast mountihg platform by way of the rotation adjust~ent until the two points are located on the same level again, then lock the rotation adJustment at this setting, as shown i~ Fig. 22.
5. ~ilt the cast mounting platform around the upper Joint ~nuckle, all th~ee points can then be made on the same level, as shown in ~igs. 23A, ~3B.
The selection of the path of inser~ion is descr~bed as ~ollows:
It has ~een suggested that cast be thought of as having only two axes, permitting only antereoposterior and lateral tilting. The sequences of dertermination are cited in ~ef.4:
1. guiding plan,es 2. retentive areas 3. interference 4. esthetics S~, the antereoposter~o~ tiltin~ of the cast orientation should be dertermined first, then is the lateral til~ing.
2139~27 Detailed steps thereof are listed as follows:
l.Select two corresponding points, for example, the cusp tip of bilateral first premolars, on the cas,t.
2. Set the upper and lower joint ~nuckles at 2ero degree.
Put these two points on an identical level by means of height adjusting screws, then lock the cast at this position.
3.Tilt the cast mounting platform by the upper joint knuckle, causing these points to be on different levels.
4. Get the cast mounting platform rotated by way of the rotation adjustment until these points are put on an identical level again, then lock the rotation adjustment at this position. This time the direction of cast movement can ~e determined by simple antereoposterior br lateral tilting seperately. ~ ~f Use the upper joint knuc~le to set the antereoposterior tilting of the cast according to the guiding planes.
6. Use the lower joint knuckle to set the lateral tilting of the cast according to the retentive areas selected.
METHOD AND APPARAT~S OF RECORDING AND
REPRODUCING THE PATH OF INSERTION OF A CAST ON ~U~YORS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor.
As it has been well known that there have been several methods disclosed in this dental field for recording the path of insertion of a cast and the reproduction of the tilt on surveyor, such as:
1. Tripod-marks method 2. Vertical lines on sldes of base of cast method ( scoring method ) 3.Three marks on sides of base of cast method 4.Cemented pin method (Ref: 1) 5.Kaloyannides method (Re~: 2) 6.Steas method ~Ref:3~
Among these methods, the vertical lines on sides of a base of cast method ~scoring method) has a preferred advantage, i. e., its records can be easily reproduced in any duplication. However, it is not easy to accurately reproduce the tilt of cast on a surveyor, because there are two problems existing i~ this method. First, the records made on sides of base are done by scoElng along a analyzing rod, it may shift to either sides, if there is a space left ~ 21~2~
between the analyzing rod and the cast surface, as shown in Fig. 1. Second, redetermination of the position of the cast on surveyor can be done only by trial and error approach;
such procedure is time consuming and the result is not very satisfactory. In the tripod-marks method, it encounters the same problems too.
To make records in the vertical lines on sides of a base cast method (scoring method3 accurate, they must be scored ~erpendicular to the cast surface. In other words, it should be a projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface. Without other aids, it is difficult to get this job done simply by scoring the cast surface along the edge of the analyzing rod, because there may be a space left between the analyzing rod and the cast surface.
Solution to this problem is, above all, to make the cast surface on which marks are scored trimmed into a flat plahe, sincé it is impossible to scribe a straight line on a curved surface. To aid in making a vertical line, a square block can be used. Making a vertical line, the base of the square black should be in close abutment with the cast surfa~e, one side of it is positioned alonside of the analyzing rod, then the vertical line can be made by scribing along the other side of the block. The records made in this manner will be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface, as shown in Fig. 2.
In order to simplify this procedure, a special ~ 2139~27 scoring tool is designed with the same geometric concept.
In general, there are two most common methods for reproducing the original cast position on surveyors given as below:
The scoring method:
Tilting a cast until all three lines marked thereon become again parallel to the analyzing rod, the original cast position can be reestablished. In other words, first, the cast is oriented in adjustment until one line on the base o~ the cast becomes parallel to the analyzing rod, then it is tried to make the lines on the lateral surfaces of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod. When the cast position is altered, all the lines on the cast surfaces will be moved in unison, it is almost impossible to maintain the parallel relationship of the line on the base of the cast with the analyzing rod, having already ~een established, it will be shifted to either side. By means of a conventional surveyor table equipped with a universal joint, as shown in Fig. 3, an operator can reproduce the tiIt of a cast only by trial and error, until all three lines are again parallel to the analyzing rod.
The tripod-mark method:
On returning the cast to the surveyor, it may be tilted until the tip of the analyzing rod again contacts the three dots on the same plane. However, the procedure is not very easy because to make three dots iocate on an identical CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 level at one tlme wlthout trlal and error. So, lt ls necessary to flnd an easy way to ~ulckly and accurately determlne a cast posltlon by way of a new surveyor table.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The prlmary ob~ect of the present lnventlon ls to provlde an easy and efflclent method of recordlng and - reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyors.
Another ob~ect of the present lnventlon ls to provlde an ad~ustable surveyor table ln comblnatlon wlth a conventlonal surveyor so as to permlt a cast to be easlly secured to a cast mountlng platform and the spatlal relatlon of the cast wlth respect to a scorlng tool can be varlably ad~usted whereby the recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyors can be speedlly determlned.
In accordance wlth an aspect of the present lnventlon, there ls provlded an apparatus for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng: a surveyor havlng a horlzontally dlsposed supportlng base and a vertlcally dlsposed post whlch ls mounted to sald supportlng base; a flrst arm havlng one end plvotally flxed to sald vertlcal post; a second arm havlng one end plvotally connected to the other end of sald flrst arm~ an ad~ustable rod vertlcally dlsposed at the other end of sald second arm; a scorlng tool for scorlng marks on a cast belng attached to the bottom end of sald ad~ustable rod; an operatlon base belng rotatably mounted to sald supportlng CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 base; a supportlng block engaged wlth sald operatlon base, rotatable ln a horlzontal plane; a lower ~olnt knuckle engaged wlth sald supportlng block belng rotatable ln a vertlcal plane wlth respect to sald supportlng block; an upper ~olnt knuckle engaged wlth sald lower ~olnt knuckle belng rotatable wlth respect thereto ln a vertlcal plane; a cast mountlng platform engaged wlth sald upper ~olnt knuckle belng rotatable wlth respect thereto ln a horlzontal plane; sald mountlng platform havlng ad~ustlng means assoclated therewlth so as to permlt a dental cast to be ad~ustably mounted thereto.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded an apparatus for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng: a surveyor havlng a horlzontally dlsposed supportlng base and a vertlcally dlsposed post whlch ls mounted to sald supportlng base; a flrst arm havlng one end plvotally flxed to sald vertlcal post; a second arm havlng one end plvotally connected to the other end of sald flrst arm; an ad~ustable rod vertlcally dlsposed at the other end of said second arm; a scorlng tool for scorlng marks on a cast belng attached to the bottom end of sald ad~ustable rod; an operatlon base havlng a vertlcal axls at the center thereof belng ad~ustably flxed to sald supportlng base; a supportlng block rotatably engaged wlth sald vertlcal axls of sald operatlon base, permlttlng sald supportlng block to rotate ln a horlzontal plane, havlng a horlzontal extenslon axls; a lower ~olnt knuckle havlng a ~olnt tube and a coupllng sectlon; sald coupllng sectlon belng rotatably engaged wlth sald horlzontal extenslon axls of sald supportlng block, 4a 77699-1 CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 permlttlng sald lower ~olnt knuckle to be rotatably ad~usted ln a vertlcal plane; sald ~olnt tube belng lntegrally engaged wlth sald coupllng sectlon ln such a manner that lts axlal dlrectlon ls orthogonal to the axlal dlrectlon of sald lower tubular sectlon; an upper ~olnt knuckle havlng blfurcated lugs wlth sald ~olnt tube rotatably fltted therebetween so as to ~ permlt sald upper ~olnt knuckle to be rotatably ad~usted ln a vertlcal plane and havlng an extended rotatlon ad~ustment portlon; an ad~ustable cast mountlng platform havlng a palr of parallel flxed plllars ln cooperatlon wlth a sprlng blased clamp for llmltlng a cast mounted thereon ln place; sald ad~ustable cast mountlng platform belng rotatably engaged wlth sald extended rotatlon ad~ustment portlon of sald upper ~olnt knuckle so as to be rotatable ln a horlzontal plane for ad~ustment; whereby a cast secured to sald cast mountlng platform can be randomly ad~ustably tllted ln a 3 - dlmenslon space ln cooperatlon wlth sald plvotal flrst arm and second arm and sald vertlcally ad~ustable rod so as to permlt sald ad~ustable analyzlng rod to be placed ln abutment agalnst sald cast accurately for recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast easlly.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded a method of recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on dental surveyor, comprlslng the steps of: 1. locatlng a dental cast havlng a number of separated marks on the sldes of the base of the cast on the cast mountlng platform wlth the cast faclng a reference plane whlch ls created by sald two parallel plllars, keeplng the base of sald cast ln close contact wlth sald reference plane, 4b 77699-1 CA 02139~27 1998-11-18 then locklng sald cast at thls posltlon; 2. settlng sald rotatlon ad~ustment at zero degree by means of sald zero-settlng mark, maklng sald reference plane perpendlcular to the long axls of said upper ~olnt knuckle; 3. uslng sald upper ~olnt knuckle to ad~ust the lateral tlltlng of sald cast to make the llne on the base of sald cast parallel to sald ~ analyzlng rod, then locklng sald upper ~olnt knuckle at thls settlng; 4. uslng sald lower ~olnt knuckle to ad~ust the antereoposterlor tlltlng of sald cast to make the llne on a lateral slde of sald cast parallel to sald analyzlng rod, then locklng sald lower ~olnt knuckle at thls settlng.
In accordance wlth another aspect of the lnventlon, there ls provlded a method of recordlng and reproduclng the path of lnsertlon of a cast on a dental surveyor, comprlslng the steps of: 1. settlng sald upper ~olnt and lower ~olnt knuckles at zero degree by means of sald zero-settlng marks;
2. maklng two polnts of a trlpod-mark at equal level by ad~ustlng sald helght ad~ustment screws, then locklng sald cast at thls posltlon; 3. uslng sald upper ~olnt knuckle to tllt sald cast mountlng platform ln a perpendlcular dlrectlon wlth sald lower ~olnt knuckle locked at zero degree settlng;
4. uslng sald rotatlon ad~ustment to get sald cast mountlng platform rotated untll the two polnts reaches equal level agaln, then locklng sald rotatlon ad~ustment at thls settlng;
5. tlltlng sald cast mountlng platform around sald upper ~olnt knuckle to make all three polnts at the same level.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flg. 1 conslsts of a number of dlagrams showlng a prlor art method of scorlng llnes on a cast whlch are scrlbbed 4c 77699-1 along an analyzlng rod wlth them out of parallel wlth one another as a result of a space left between the cast surface and 4d 77699-1 ~ 213952~
the analyzing rod;
Fig. 2 consists of a number of diagrams showing a square block secured to the side of an analyzing rod and is placed in close abutment against the cast surface so that lines scrib~ed along the other side of the block will be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface with the Iines parallel with one another.
Fig. 3aiS a diagram showing a prior art surveyor table;
Fig. 3b is a diagram showing a cast mounted onto the surveyor table;
Fig. 3bl is an enlarged diagram showing the scoring of a line with a conventional scoring tool in close abutment against a cast;
Fig. 3c is a diagram showing a dental cast mounted onto the surveyor table with the scoring tool not in close contact with a cast;
Fig 3cl is an enlarged diagram thereof;
Figs.4, 4a are diagrams showing a scoring tool of the present invention which can be mounted to a clamping member of a conventional surveyor;
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a scoring tool of the present invention;
Fig. 6 consists of 3 diagrams showing the steps of the lower segment of the scoring tool being adjusted to abut close~y against the cast surface and a line which is a p~ojection ,of the analyzing rod to the cast surface is ~ 21~52~
scribed along the other side thereof;
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a surveyor table of the present invention mounted to a conventional surveyor in practical operation;
Fig. 8 is a surveyor table of the present invention;
Figs. 8A, 8B, 8C are enlarged diagrams showing the zero setting mark$ on the rotation adjustment, upper joint knuckle and lower joint knuckle being set at zero degree so as to create a plane by the two parallel pillars which will be perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle; as the upper an~ lower joint knuckles are set at zero degree, the cast mounting platform will be parallel to the horizontal plane;
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the exploded components of the surveyor table of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the cast mounting platform being rotated with respect to the upper joint knuckle controlled by the rotation adjustment ;
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an adjustment of the cast mounting platform by actuation of the uppe~ joint knuckle;
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the cast mounting platform being adjusted by the lower joint knuckle;
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the adjustment of the surveyor table by way of the rotation joint knuckle with respect to the operation base;
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the reference planes V, P, H, of the project geometry; plane S .represents the cast surface; line N representing the analyzing rod is perpendicular to the horizontal plane H; line L represents a scoring line on the plane S; if the line L is made in coincidence with the line N, then let the plane S rotate about the line HP which is the intersection of plane H and plane P; the line L is perpendicular to the line HP, so the projection o~f the line L on the plane P (line ~') will àlways be parallel to the projection of line N ~n the plane P ( line N'); whenever the plane S is rotated about the line HP or a parallel line, t~is relationship will not vary, i.e. , the scoring lines parallel to the projection of the ahalyzing rod on the cast surface;
Fig. 15a is a diagram showing two points A and B of the tripod mark method; if point~ A and B are adjusted to be on an identical level ( using height adjustment screws along with the analyzing rod when the cast mounting platform is parallel with the horizontal plane ) with the cast mounting platform, they will always be on the same plane ~plane E ) created by the movement of the cast mounting platform controlled by rotation adjustment;
~ig. l~b shows the tilting of the plane E in a perpendicular direction by actuation of the upper joint knuckle so as to put points A and B on a different level;
then the plane E is rotated to ma~e the points A and B on an identical level again; at this position the height ha ~ 21~9S27 is equal to the height hb, so the distance of point A to the line K ~ the intersection line of planes E and H 3 da will become equal to the distance db from point B to the line K; whenever the plane E is rotated about the line K or a parallel line, points A and B will always be on an identical level' Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the mounting of a cast onto the cast mounting platform with the cast surface in close abutment with the two parallel pillars and then locking the cast at this position and setting the rotation adjustment at ~ero degree;
Fig. 17 shows the tilting of the cast by way of the upper joint knuckle so as to make the scoring line parallel to the analyzing rod and then lock the upper joint knuckle at this position;
Figs. 18a, 18b show the use of the lower joint knuckle to tilt the cast to make the scoring line on the lateral .
surface of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod'~then lock the lower Joint knuckle at this position whereby the cast position is reestablished;
Figs. 19, l9a show the mounting of the cast on ~he cast moùnting platform and setting both the upper and lower joint knuckles at zero degree;
Figs. 20, 20a show the use of the héight adjustme~t screws to adjust the cast position, making thè two points a and b on an identical level;
21~27 .
Fig. 21 shows the use of the upper joint knuckle to tilt the cast mounting platform in a perpendicular directi~n, points a and b being put on a different level;
Fig. 22 shows the rotation of the cast mounting platform about the rotation adiustment so as to make the points a and b on an identical level again and then locking the rotation adjustment at this position;
Figs. 23a, 23b show the tilting of the cast mounting platform àbout the upper joint knuckle to make the point c on an identical level with the points a and b then locking the upper joint ~nuckle at this position, the cast position being reestablished.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFER~E~ EMBODIMENT~ ~
Refèrring to Figs. 4, 5, a special scoring tool .
24 for marking precise straight li~es on a cast surface is illustrated. This scoring tool 24 has two parts which are connected to each other by a hinge joint 242. The upper part has a mandrel 241 served as an attachment for a surveyor spindle, the lower part is an analyzing rod 243 having a rectangular cross section, serving the same purpose as a conventional square ~lock as previously described.
Using this s~coring tool to keep record of a path ~ 21~9~27 of insertion, it is necessary to keep the lower part in close abutment against the cast surface o~ a dental model so as to permit vertical lines scribed along an edge of the lower part. Because the hinge joint is parallel to the horizontal plane, it limits the direction of movement of the lower part on the plane perpendicular to the cast surface and not to shift to either side. So, the lines ~arked in such manner will conform to the projection of the path of insertion on the cast surfaces, as shown in Fi~. 6.
Referring to Fi~s. 7, 8, 9, a new surveyor table of the present invention is provided. The surveyor 10 has a supporting base 11 on which a pair of parallel slots 12 are disposed. The surveyor table 30 is equipped with a cast mounting plat~orm 35 on which is disposed a cast 50. A
round operation base 31 is adjustably engaged with the parallel slots 12 on the supporting base 11 of the surveyor 10. On one side of the cast mounting platform 35 are disposed two parallel fixed pillars 355. At the center of the cast mounting platform 35 and in the l~ngitudinal direction is disposed an open-ended slot 350. A cast holding clamp 35~ biased by a spring 352 fixed to a bolt 351 is slidably housed in the slot 3S0 and three cast height adjusting screws 353.
Referring to Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, an upper joint knuckle 301 and a lower joint knuckle 302 and a supporting block 32 are adjustably associated with one another. The ~ 21395~
cast mounting platform 35 is rotatably engaged with the upper ~oint knuckle 301 by means of the rotation adjustment 303. The supporting bloc~ 32 is adjustably mounted to the operation base 31, ~ eferring further to Fig. 9, the upper joint knuckle 301 has bifurcated lugs 341 each having a through hole 340. The upper joint knuckle 301 is also e~uipped with a rotation adjustment 303 having a round hole 344 which is engaged with a spinning shaft 356 disposed under the cast mounting platform 35 so that the cast mounting platform 35 can be rotatably adjusted.
The lowe~ joint knuckle 302 has a joint tube 331 having a through hole 330. In assembly, the joint tube 331 is disposed between the two lugs with the through hole 330 in alignment with the through hole 340 and a sleeve 345 is led through the aligned holes, then a locking member 343 is en~aged with each end of the sleeve 345. A turning knob 342 having threads thereon is engaged with the locking members 343 one of which is provided with inner threads so that the upper joint knuckle 301 can be rotatably actuated wi.th respect to the lower joint knuckle 302.
The lower joint knuckle 302 is provided with a coupling section 33 having a through hole 332 having an axis oriented orthogonally with respect to the axis of the Joint tube 331 which is fitted in between the bifurcated lugs 341. A through hole 334 is disposed on the waLl of the 21~95~7 coupling section so as to permit a turning knob 333 to be engaged therewith.
The supporting block 32 is provided with a horizontal extension axis 323 which is engaged with the through hole 332 of the coupling section 33. A vertical joint hole 3~2 is disposed at one end of the supporting block 32 so that the supporting block 32 can be rotatably mounted onto the operation base 31 by means of a vertical rod 311. ~he ~ottom end of the operation base 31 is engaged with a pair of bolts 40 that are removably disposed in the slots 12 so that the location of the operation base 31 can be adjusted. A turning knob 321 is in locking engagement with the supporting block 32 so that the supporting block 32 is firmly secured in place onto the operation base 31 when the turning knob 321 is screwed tight. To permit the supporting block 32 to be rotatably adjusted, the turning knob 321 must be loosened.
The ~hreaded turning knobs 321, 333, 342 and 346 are used to firmly lock the joint knuckles and the supporting block 32 and the cast mounting platform 35 in place so that the upper joint knuckle 301, the lower ~oint knuckle 302 and the supporting block 32 and the cast mounting platform 3S can be adjusted with respect to one ~nother and locked,in place.
Referring to Fig. 14, to carry out the scoring method, detailed steps are given as follows:
~ 2139S27 If a line is scored in coincidence with the analyzing rod, and the cast is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the cast surface, the scored line will always be the projection of the analyzing rod on the cast surface. By tilting the cast in this manner until the line on the other side of the cast is again parallel to the analyzing rod, the original cast position is reproduced.
1. When the cast surface abuts closely against a reference plane created by the two parallel pillars 355 of the cast mounting platform 35 and the rotation adjustment is set at zero, it is perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle. This relationship will not be varied in any lateral tilt setting.
2. The long axes of the upper joint knuckle and the lower joint knuckle are perpendicular to each other. So, the cast surface ( in any lateral tilt setting ) will be always parallel to the long axis of the lower joint knuckle.
3. The lower Joint knuckle restricts the movement of the cast in a direction perpendicular to the base of the cast.
So, when the line on the base of the cast has been adJusted parallel to the analyzing rod, this relationship will always be maintained, i.e., the projection of the analyzing rod ~n the base of thé cast ) at any anteroposterior tilt setting.
For the tripod-marks method:
Referri~g to Figs.15A, 15B, if two points of the ~ripod-marks are to be put on an identical level, the cast is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the line created by the two points, the two points will alawys be located at the same level. By tilting the cast in this manner until all three points are put on the same level, the original cast position is reproduced.
1. When the upper joint knuckle and the lower joint knuckle are set at zero degree, the cast mounting platform will be parallel to the horizontal plane. By means of the height adjustment screws, two point$ of the tripod-marks can be placed on the same level as the cast mounting platform.
Under this circumstance, the two points will be located on the same plane created by rotation of the rotation adiustment.
2. Afterwards, the cast moûnting plat~orm is tilted in the perpendicular direction by means of the upper Joint knuckle, the two points will be placed on a dif~erent level.
3. The cast mounting platform can be rotated by way of the rotation adjustment until the two points are disposed on an identical level again. At this position, the line connecting these two points will just become perpendicular to the direction of movement of the upper joint knuc~le.
So, this time the two points will always be placed on an identical level to each other at any tilt setting controlled by the upper joint knuckle.
" . 2l3952~
.
Detailed procedures ior manipulation of this surveyor tahle are given as below:
Fo~ the scoring method:
l. First put the cast on the cast mounting platform, the base of the cast faces the reference plane created by the two parallel pillars; it is necessary to keep the base of the cast in close abutment against the reference plane and then lock it at this position. To secure the cast position, if the~e is a space un~er the cast, due to the border of the cast not being squarely angled, it can be supported in place by the height adjustment screws, as shown in Fig. 16.
2. Set the rotation adjustment at zero degree, then the reference plane will be perpendicular to the long axis of the upper joint knuckle.
3. Use the upper joint-knuckle to make adjustment on the lateral tilting of the cast to make the line on the base of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod. Then lock the upper joint knuckle at this setting, as shown in Fig. 17.
4. Use the ~ower Jolnt knùckle to adjust the antereoposterior tilting of the cast to make the line on lateral side of the cast parallel to the analyzing rod.
Then loc~ the lower joint knuckle at this setting, as shown in Figs. 18a, 18b.
For the tripod-marks method:
~. Set the upper joint knuckle and lower joint knuckle at zero degree, as shown in Fig. 19.
21~9~27 2. Make the two points of the tripod-marks on the same level by actuation of the height adjustment screws, then lock the cast at this position, as shown in Fig.20.
3. Use the upper jaint knuckle to tilt the cast mounting platform in a perpendicular direction. The lower joint knuc~le is locked at zero degree setting, as shown in Fig. 21.
4. R~tate the cast mountihg platform by way of the rotation adjust~ent until the two points are located on the same level again, then lock the rotation adJustment at this setting, as shown i~ Fig. 22.
5. ~ilt the cast mounting platform around the upper Joint ~nuckle, all th~ee points can then be made on the same level, as shown in ~igs. 23A, ~3B.
The selection of the path of inser~ion is descr~bed as ~ollows:
It has ~een suggested that cast be thought of as having only two axes, permitting only antereoposterior and lateral tilting. The sequences of dertermination are cited in ~ef.4:
1. guiding plan,es 2. retentive areas 3. interference 4. esthetics S~, the antereoposter~o~ tiltin~ of the cast orientation should be dertermined first, then is the lateral til~ing.
2139~27 Detailed steps thereof are listed as follows:
l.Select two corresponding points, for example, the cusp tip of bilateral first premolars, on the cas,t.
2. Set the upper and lower joint ~nuckles at 2ero degree.
Put these two points on an identical level by means of height adjusting screws, then lock the cast at this position.
3.Tilt the cast mounting platform by the upper joint knuckle, causing these points to be on different levels.
4. Get the cast mounting platform rotated by way of the rotation adjustment until these points are put on an identical level again, then lock the rotation adjustment at this position. This time the direction of cast movement can ~e determined by simple antereoposterior br lateral tilting seperately. ~ ~f Use the upper joint knuc~le to set the antereoposterior tilting of the cast according to the guiding planes.
6. Use the lower joint knuckle to set the lateral tilting of the cast according to the retentive areas selected.
7. Afterwards, modify the cast orienta~ion to circu~vent the problems of interferences and esthetics.
In summary, to precisely record and reproduce the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors is very important.
By means of simple geome~ric concepts in this study, method to improve the a~curacy of scoring line makings, the present invention provides a special scoring tool and a new 21~9~27 .
surveyor table. This system has man~ advantages in practical applications, it not only can quickly and accurately reorient the cast position on surveyors, but the surveyor table also ha$ advanta~es in selection of the path of insertion of a cast because the tilt of the cast in lateral tilting and antereoposterior tilting can be separately analyzed. The convenience and accuracy in manipulation makes the surveyor table of the present invention widely accepted in this field in the future.
_ . . . . .
In summary, to precisely record and reproduce the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors is very important.
By means of simple geome~ric concepts in this study, method to improve the a~curacy of scoring line makings, the present invention provides a special scoring tool and a new 21~9~27 .
surveyor table. This system has man~ advantages in practical applications, it not only can quickly and accurately reorient the cast position on surveyors, but the surveyor table also ha$ advanta~es in selection of the path of insertion of a cast because the tilt of the cast in lateral tilting and antereoposterior tilting can be separately analyzed. The convenience and accuracy in manipulation makes the surveyor table of the present invention widely accepted in this field in the future.
_ . . . . .
Claims (13)
1. An apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor, comprising:
a surveyor having a horizontally disposed supporting base and a vertically disposed post which is mounted to said supporting base;
a first arm having one end pivotally fixed to said vertical post;
a second arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said first arm;
an adjustable rod vertically disposed at the other end of said second arm;
a scoring tool for scoring marks on a cast being attached to the bottom end of said adjustable rod;
an operation base being rotatably mounted to said supporting base;
a supporting block engaged with said operation base, rotatable in a horizontal plane;
a lower joint knuckle engaged with said supporting block being rotatable in a vertical plane with respect to said supporting block;
an upper joint knuckle engaged with said lower joint knuckle being rotatable with respect thereto in a vertical plane;
a cast mounting platform engaged with said upper joint knuckle being rotatable with respect thereto in a horizontal plane;
said mounting platform having adjusting means associated therewith so as to permit a dental cast to be adjustably mounted thereto.
a surveyor having a horizontally disposed supporting base and a vertically disposed post which is mounted to said supporting base;
a first arm having one end pivotally fixed to said vertical post;
a second arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said first arm;
an adjustable rod vertically disposed at the other end of said second arm;
a scoring tool for scoring marks on a cast being attached to the bottom end of said adjustable rod;
an operation base being rotatably mounted to said supporting base;
a supporting block engaged with said operation base, rotatable in a horizontal plane;
a lower joint knuckle engaged with said supporting block being rotatable in a vertical plane with respect to said supporting block;
an upper joint knuckle engaged with said lower joint knuckle being rotatable with respect thereto in a vertical plane;
a cast mounting platform engaged with said upper joint knuckle being rotatable with respect thereto in a horizontal plane;
said mounting platform having adjusting means associated therewith so as to permit a dental cast to be adjustably mounted thereto.
2. An apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor, comprising:
a surveyor having a horizontally disposed supporting base and a vertically disposed post which is mounted to said supporting base;
a first arm having one end pivotally fixed to said vertical post;
a second arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said first arm;
an adjustable rod vertically disposed at the other end of said second arm;
a scoring tool for scoring marks on a cast being attached to the bottom end of said adjustable rod;
an operation base having a vertical axis at the center thereof being adjustably fixed to said supporting base;
a supporting block rotatably engaged with said vertical axis of said operation base, permitting said supporting block to rotate in a horizontal plane, having a horizontal extension axis;
a lower joint knuckle having a joint tube and a coupling section;
said coupling section being rotatably engaged with said horizontal extension axis of said supporting block, permitting said lower joint knuckle to be rotatably adjusted in a vertical plane;
said joint tube being integrally engaged with said coupling section in such a manner that its axial direction is orthogonal to the axial direction of said lower tubular section, an upper joint knuckle having bifurcated lugs with said joint tube rotatably fitted therebetween so as to permit said upper joint knuckle to be rotatably adjusted in a vertical plane and having an extended rotation adjustment portion;
an adjustable cast mounting platform having a pair of parallel fixed pillars in cooperation with a spring biased clamp for limiting a cast mounted thereon in place;
said adjustable cast mounting platform being rotatably engaged with said extended rotation adjustment portion of said upper joint knuckle so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane for adjustment;
whereby a cast secured to said cast mounting platform can be randomly adjustably tilted in a 3 - dimension space in cooperation with said pivotal first arm and second arm and said vertically adjustable rod so as to permit said adjustable analyzing rod to be placed in abutment against said cast accurately for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast easily.
a surveyor having a horizontally disposed supporting base and a vertically disposed post which is mounted to said supporting base;
a first arm having one end pivotally fixed to said vertical post;
a second arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said first arm;
an adjustable rod vertically disposed at the other end of said second arm;
a scoring tool for scoring marks on a cast being attached to the bottom end of said adjustable rod;
an operation base having a vertical axis at the center thereof being adjustably fixed to said supporting base;
a supporting block rotatably engaged with said vertical axis of said operation base, permitting said supporting block to rotate in a horizontal plane, having a horizontal extension axis;
a lower joint knuckle having a joint tube and a coupling section;
said coupling section being rotatably engaged with said horizontal extension axis of said supporting block, permitting said lower joint knuckle to be rotatably adjusted in a vertical plane;
said joint tube being integrally engaged with said coupling section in such a manner that its axial direction is orthogonal to the axial direction of said lower tubular section, an upper joint knuckle having bifurcated lugs with said joint tube rotatably fitted therebetween so as to permit said upper joint knuckle to be rotatably adjusted in a vertical plane and having an extended rotation adjustment portion;
an adjustable cast mounting platform having a pair of parallel fixed pillars in cooperation with a spring biased clamp for limiting a cast mounted thereon in place;
said adjustable cast mounting platform being rotatably engaged with said extended rotation adjustment portion of said upper joint knuckle so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane for adjustment;
whereby a cast secured to said cast mounting platform can be randomly adjustably tilted in a 3 - dimension space in cooperation with said pivotal first arm and second arm and said vertically adjustable rod so as to permit said adjustable analyzing rod to be placed in abutment against said cast accurately for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast easily.
3. An apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said scoring tool has 2 mandrel and an analyzing rod pivotally connected to each other by a hinge joint and said analyzing rod has a rectangular cross section.
4. An apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said supporting block rotatably mounted to said operation base is lockable in place by a locking means so as to prevent the supporting block from rotation after setting.
5. An apparatus for recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said lower joint knuckle rotatably engaged with said supporting block by way of said coupling section is provided with a locking means to lock said lower joint knuckle in place for preventing said lower joint knuckle from rotation after setting.
6 An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said upper joint knuckle rotatably engaged with said lower joint knuckle is provided with a first locking means for locking said upper and lower joint knuckles in place so as to prevent the same from rotating with respect to each other.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said upper joint knuckle is provided with a second locking means for locking said rotatable cast mounting platform mounted to said upper joint knuckle in place.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said cast mounting platform having an open ended slot in which said spring biased urging clamp is slidably adjusted is provided with at least 3 height adjustment screws in abutment with the bottom of a located cast for variation of the level thereof.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said rotation adjustment portion of said upper joint knuckle is provided with a combination zero-setting mark for facilitation of putting said cast mounting platform in a right-angle relation with respect to said upper joint knuckle.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said coupling section of said lower joint knuckle and said supporting block are provided with a combination zero-setting mark so as to permit said lower joint knuckle to be reset with ease in a right-angle relation with respect to said supporting block.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said upper joint knuckle and said joint tube of said lower joint knuckle are provided with a combination zero-setting mark so as to permit said upper joint knuckle to be reset with ease in a right-angle relation with respect to said lower joint knuckle.
12. A method of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on dental surveyor, comprising the steps of:
1.locating a dental cast having a number of separated marks on the sides of the base of the cast on the cast mounting platform with the cast facing a reference plane which is created by said two parallel pillars, keeping the base of said cast in close contact with said reference plane, then locking said cast at this position;
2.setting said rotation adjustment at zero degree by means of said zero-setting mark, making said reference plane perpendicular to the long axis of said upper joint knuckle;
3. using said upper joint knuckle to adjust the lateral tilting of said cast to make the line on the base of said cast parallel to said analyzing rod, then locking said upper joint knuckle at this setting;
4.using said lower joint knuckle to adjust the antereoposterior tilting of said cast to make the line on a lateral side of said cast parallel to said analyzing rod, then locking said lower joint knuckle at this setting.
1.locating a dental cast having a number of separated marks on the sides of the base of the cast on the cast mounting platform with the cast facing a reference plane which is created by said two parallel pillars, keeping the base of said cast in close contact with said reference plane, then locking said cast at this position;
2.setting said rotation adjustment at zero degree by means of said zero-setting mark, making said reference plane perpendicular to the long axis of said upper joint knuckle;
3. using said upper joint knuckle to adjust the lateral tilting of said cast to make the line on the base of said cast parallel to said analyzing rod, then locking said upper joint knuckle at this setting;
4.using said lower joint knuckle to adjust the antereoposterior tilting of said cast to make the line on a lateral side of said cast parallel to said analyzing rod, then locking said lower joint knuckle at this setting.
13. A method of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on a dental surveyor, comprising the steps of:
1. setting said upper joint and lower joint knuckles at zero degree by means of said zero-setting marks;
2. making two points of a tripod-mark at equal level by adjusting said height adjustment screws, then locking said cast at this position;
3. using said upper joint knuckle to tilt said cast mounting platform in a perpendicular direction with said lower joint knuckle locked at zero degree setting;
4. using said rotation adjustment to get said cast mounting platform rotated until the two points reaches equal level again, then locking said rotation adjustment at this setting;
5. tilting said cast mounting platform around said upper joint knuckle to make all three points at the same level.
1. setting said upper joint and lower joint knuckles at zero degree by means of said zero-setting marks;
2. making two points of a tripod-mark at equal level by adjusting said height adjustment screws, then locking said cast at this position;
3. using said upper joint knuckle to tilt said cast mounting platform in a perpendicular direction with said lower joint knuckle locked at zero degree setting;
4. using said rotation adjustment to get said cast mounting platform rotated until the two points reaches equal level again, then locking said rotation adjustment at this setting;
5. tilting said cast mounting platform around said upper joint knuckle to make all three points at the same level.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002139527A CA2139527C (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-04 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
| US08/372,324 US5660544A (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-13 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
| EP95300351A EP0722699A1 (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-20 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002139527A CA2139527C (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-04 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
| AU10083/95A AU687124B2 (en) | 1995-01-06 | 1995-01-06 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
| US08/372,324 US5660544A (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-13 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
| EP95300351A EP0722699A1 (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-20 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2139527A1 CA2139527A1 (en) | 1996-07-05 |
| CA2139527C true CA2139527C (en) | 1999-05-11 |
Family
ID=27422413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002139527A Expired - Fee Related CA2139527C (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1995-01-04 | Method and apparatus of recording and reproducing the path of insertion of a cast on surveyors |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5660544A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0722699A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2139527C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999012493A1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-03-18 | Nobuyuki Iba | Surveyor for false tooth design |
| US6050816A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-04-18 | Board Of Regents The University Of Texas System | Planar light beam orientation device |
| DE10102115B4 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2006-12-28 | Hint-Els Gmbh | Holder for a fixed object on a receiving plate |
| JP2006051046A (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2006-02-23 | Nobuyuki Iba | Two-axis adjustable/settable model-platform device for surveyor and surveyor device for designing denture on which model platform device is mounted |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2376384A (en) * | 1942-12-15 | 1945-05-22 | Williams Gold Refining Co | Dental surveying instrument |
| CH251529A (en) * | 1946-08-06 | 1947-10-31 | Weiss Meister Anna | Device for measuring and processing tooth replacement parts, prostheses and their anchoring, as well as impressions and casts of teeth, dentures and the like. |
| US3409986A (en) * | 1965-10-24 | 1968-11-12 | Stephen T. Freeman | Dental articulator |
| DE2111134A1 (en) * | 1971-03-09 | 1972-09-21 | Hug Gerhard Gmbh | Parallelometer |
| US4189835A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1980-02-26 | Massachusetts General Hospital | Method of dental surveying |
| FR2446629A1 (en) * | 1979-01-17 | 1980-08-14 | Laudy Jean | Dental cast mounting for use with variety of tools - has swivel base fixed by screws and vertically adjustable column mounting pivoting tool support arm |
| US4812118A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1989-03-14 | Creekmore Thomas D | Placement apparatus for lingual and buccal brackets |
| US5257932A (en) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-11-02 | Leinfelder Marcus J | Dental articulator with condyle strain indication |
-
1995
- 1995-01-04 CA CA002139527A patent/CA2139527C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-01-13 US US08/372,324 patent/US5660544A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-20 EP EP95300351A patent/EP0722699A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2139527A1 (en) | 1996-07-05 |
| US5660544A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
| EP0722699A1 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20130104 |