CA2126164C - Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processing of cigarettes - Google Patents
Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processing of cigarettesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2126164C CA2126164C CA 2126164 CA2126164A CA2126164C CA 2126164 C CA2126164 C CA 2126164C CA 2126164 CA2126164 CA 2126164 CA 2126164 A CA2126164 A CA 2126164A CA 2126164 C CA2126164 C CA 2126164C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mill
- components
- sieve
- jaws
- separating chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/36—Removing papers or other parts from defective cigarettes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the reprocessing of waste material which is obtained during the manufacture of cigarettes and similar rod-shaped smoking items, in which the various components may e.g. be paper, tobacco and/or filter material. In the process, essentially the following steps are carried out:
a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill into their individual components in dry-mechanical manner, the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws of a rotor of the mill which, during operation, are attached to the rotor in rigid or moveable manner, and one of several stationary jaws of a stator of the mill which, during operation of the mill, are attached in rigid or moveable manner and in whihc the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are spaced from each other when they are arranged opposite to each other and a subsequent separation step, in which the individual components are separated from each other. The paper material may be sucked off from the disintegrated waste material after sieving off the tobacco.
And an apparatus for carrying out the process.
a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill into their individual components in dry-mechanical manner, the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws of a rotor of the mill which, during operation, are attached to the rotor in rigid or moveable manner, and one of several stationary jaws of a stator of the mill which, during operation of the mill, are attached in rigid or moveable manner and in whihc the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are spaced from each other when they are arranged opposite to each other and a subsequent separation step, in which the individual components are separated from each other. The paper material may be sucked off from the disintegrated waste material after sieving off the tobacco.
And an apparatus for carrying out the process.
Description
'' ' 2126164 ._ .
Rhône-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft Munich, May 31, 1994 Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processinq of ciqarettes The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus intended to carry out said process for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco-processing industry.
In the production or reprocessing of cigarettes and similar rod-shoped smoking items or bodies from the tobacco-processing industry discarded material is produced, comprising paper material, tobacco and/or at least one further component, such as e.g. filter material or filter plugs, said paper material wrapping the tobacco and possibly adhering to the filter material.
In the production of cigarettes first filter rods are generated from so-called filter tow strips which comprise cellulose acetate filaments. The filter tow strip(s) is (are) pulled off a pack or stack and further processed on a filter rod machine to form filter strands around which is wrapped paper, whereupon finally individual filter rods are generated by cutting the filter strands. These filter rods are cylindrical units around which is wrapped paper having a length of approximately 66 to 150 mm and a diameter of for example 4 mm to 10 mm. Each filter rod normally comprises enough material for four or six filter pieces or filter plugs which are wrapped with paper (tipping) which are later adhered to the cigarette rods containing paper-wrapped tobacco in order to generate filter cigarettes.
In the production of filter strands and or filter rods by filter strand manufacturing machines as well as in the production of the actual filter cigarettes by cigarette machines discarded material (reject) is frequently produced for example when charging the machine. This discarded material or "waste" comprises valuable substances or materials as components, such as for example the filter material or the filter plugs with tipping, the tobacco, wrapping paper for the tobacco, etc.
In DE-AS 1 204 118 an apparatus for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies is described which comprises a disintegrating device in the form of a toothed wheels, which disintegrate said bodies into their individual components, and a separating device, which separates the individual components. US-A-4 618 415 describes a separating apparatus for tobacco, which separates light-weight parts of threshed tobacco from heavier parts of the tobacco. US-A-4 651 757 describes an apparatus for the recovery of tobacco from 20 cigarettes, in which the cigarettes are disintegrated in several steps in a centrifugal mill, whereupon the tobacco is sieve~ l~y means of a sieving device. Similar apparatus are also described in US-A-4 278 100 and in US-A-4 083 499.
It is the task of the present invention to suggest a process and a respective apparatus which enable the recovery of the components, especially the filter material and the tobacco, from the rod-shaped bodies in a most careful and clean manner.
30 According to the present invention, there is provided a process for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco-proces~ing industry, said components being paper, tobacco and or filter materials with tipping, wherein the following process steps are essentially carried out:
- a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill into their individual components i 3 ~ 4' in dry-mechanical manner, the mill comprising a separating chamber having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor being driven by motor, a stator, the separating chamber being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor within the mill and by the stator surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber through which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating cha~ber for outputting the components obtained from lo disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within the mill, - the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws of the rotor, that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber.and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - and one or several stationary jaws of the stator, that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each having end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, and - a subsequent separating step, in which the individual components are separated from each other by:
- a sieving step, being performed by a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill, for sieving out the tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a sucking step, being performed by a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve, for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve and for leaving filter materiel with tipping on the swing sieve.
7~
After the disintegration step it is the paper material, in particular, which is detached from the other components, such as the tobacco and the filters.
By "dry mechanical" is urderstood a mechanical action on the bodies, in which for example through tearing, shearing and impact actions the bodies are disintegrated into their individual components, said disintegrating operation taking place under dry conditions, i.e. without the use of a liquid 10 or fluid, and also said bodies are present in dry state.
The components recovered in the first step are still admixed and are subsequently sieved to separate off the tobacco. For this the components may be brought into oscillation or vibration and spread out. From the thus spread components the paper which has already been detached or separated from the other material components, in particular the separated tobacco, may be sucked off to separate or select the paper.
Before the sieving or the suction operation there is already 20 a disintegrated waste material present, i.e. that the paper, the tobacco and e.g. the filter plugs with tipping are still admixed, but due to the previously effected disintegration the paper is no longer connected e.g. with the tobacco or the filter material, so that an aspiration of the paper material or a sievin~-out of the tobacco becomes possible.
According to the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco processing industry, comprising:
- a disintegration device in the form of a mill, which disintegrates said bodies into their individual components, said components being paper, tobacco and/or filter material with tipping, and a separation device, which separates the individual components from each other, - wherein the mill comprises a separating chamber having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor being ,d ' 3 ~ ~s ~
driven by a motor, a stator, the separating chamber being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor within the mill and by the stator surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber for which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within in the mill, - wherein the rotor of the mill comprises radial jaws that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the stator of the mill comprises stationary jaws that project from the stator into the separating chamber and -'hat durlng operatiGn of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each have end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, - wherein the separating device comprises:
- a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill and for sieving out tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve, and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
Due to the specific design of the mill a very careful recovery of the tobacco and also of the filter material with tipping is achieved whereby the recovery of these components is enabled.
A
~ 7 ~ 7~
5a The distance of the jaws may be adjustable and preferably is 1 to 4 mm. Further the radial jaws and/or the stationary jaws may be ~esigned 'o be &djustable.
The separation device is designed as a vibrating or swing sieve or swing groove to which the disintegrated components of the mill are fed and which further directs the components along a plane which slants with respect to the direction of the horizontal, the inclination angle being preferably 4 to 12~. The swing sieve may comprise several sieves arranged one above the other.
The disintegration device comprises a blast-operated suction device which sucks off the paper material. Said suction device is provided with a suction dome or hood which is arranged above the swing sieve.
The separation device may also comprise a blowing device which blows an air stream onto the disintegrated waste material or 20 the components in the swing sieve or impinges them with an air stream and which may be provided with a nozzle strip. Said nozzle strip may be arranged in an area below the suction hood of the suction device, the sieve extending between the suction hood and the nozzle strip.
The suction device preferably comprises a separating device, such as for instance a deflection separator, which separates the sucked off paper material from the suction air stream.
Preferably a blow device is additionally used which admits an 30 air stream onto the disintegrated waste material which air stream facilitates the removal of the paper material from the waste material.
~ ~ ~ 6 ~ ~ 4 .~ . .
5b Further advantages and utilities of the present invention may be seen frorn the subsequent detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in connection with the attached drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an /
/
....
2l26l6~
apparatus according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a more prices side view of the swing sieve device in which the embodiment according to Fig. 1 is used.
The embodiment according to the present invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 essentially comprises a disintegrationg device, to which a rod-shaped body in the form of cigarette reject is passed, and a separating device, to which the material processed in the disintegration device is passed for further processing.
The disintegration device essentially comprises a mill 1, in which there is a separating chamber 11 having an annular cross section. To said separating chamber 11 of mill 1 leads a funnel-shaped inlet 16 through which the waste material to be processed or reprocessed enters the separating chamber 11 of mill 1. The separating chamber 11 is defined by a cylinder-shaped rotation part 14 (=rotor) within the mill 1 and by a casing 17 of mill 1. The rotation part 14 is supported horizontally.
On the circumference of the rotation part 14 are fastened four radial jaws 12 or ribs or rotor tools, arranged equi-distantly from one another which project from the circumferential surface of the rotation part 14 into the separating chamber 11. The rotation part 14 of mill 1 is driven and rotated via a (not shown) drive by an electric motor. On the casing 17 which forms the stator of mill 1 are attached at a distance from one another two stationary jaws 13 or ribs or stator tools which project from the casing 17 into the separating chamber 11 of mill 1. When the radial jaws 12 on 212616~
rotation part 14 oppose one another, there is a distance in the range of 1 mm and 4 mm between the stationary jaws 13 and the radial jaws 12 rotating with the rotation part 14. The jaws are designed so that this distance can be adjusted, and they may be rounded.
From the separating chamber 11 extends an outlet 15 which is depicted in Figure 1 as a pierced outlet port. Except for the inlet 16 and the outlet 15, the separating chamber 11 is closed off on all sides on the outside by the casing 17 and on the inside by the rotation part 14.
The sorting separation device 2 to 9 of the apparatus according to the invention essentially comprises a swing sieve 2 or a swing groove and a suction device 3 to 7.
The swing sieve 2 comprises a frame 27 of lateral metal sheets. The frame 27 defines an essentially square space which in the downward direction is confined by a bottom plate 23 and in the upward direction is essentially open. In the space between frame 27 and the bottom plate 23 are arranged a first sieve 21 and a second sieve 22, the first sieve 21 extending over the second sieve 22 at a distance from the second sieve 22. At the bottom plate 23 of the swing sieve 2 there are arranged in Figure 1 and in Figure 2 successive outlets at a distance from one another which are referred to as filter outlet 24, residual paper outlet 25 and tobacco outlet 26. As is evident in Figure 2, the swing sieve 2 is arranged on a support 8. The support 8 is inclined at an angle a relative to the horizontal which extends at right angles to the direction of gravity so that there is also an inclination of swing sieve 2 relative to this horizontal. Thereby results also an obliquity or inclination of the flat-surface sieves 21 and 22 which are essentially plane-parallel to one another. The swing sieve 2 and also the sieves 21 and 22 arranged therein are consequently arranged at a slant, the end segment of swing sieve 2 arranged above being arranged below the outlet 15 of mill 1 so that the waste material on the swing sieve 2, processed in mill 1, can fall onto the first sieve 21 in the region of the end segment arranged further above of the swing sieve 2. The end segment region of the swing sieve 2 opposing at a slant the end segment arranged above the swing sieve 2 comprises at the bottom plate 23 outlets 26, 25, and 24 wherein the tobacco outlet 26 is followed at a distance by the residual paper outlet 25, and finally the residual paper outlet 25 is, in turn, followed at a distance by the filter outlet 24 arranged at the end of the swing sieve 2 at the end segment of swing sieve 2 arranged further below.
~ .
The swing sieve 2 together with frame 27, bottom plate 23 and sieves 21 and 22 is made to vibrate or oscillate by means of a drive device not further shown here.
The first sieve 21 and also the second sieve 22 are designed as essentially planar-surface sieves which each are relatively slightly curved in the direction of the slanting end segment of swing sieve 2, so that the inclination generated by the inclination of the swing sieve of the first sieve 21 or the second sieve 22 is further enhanced by the curving of the respective sieve whereby the mass throughput is locally increased in the direction toward the slanting end o~ the swing sieve. The gap width or the dimensions of the sieve holes of the first sieve or the second sieve 22 each are 5 mm or 2 mm (square hole sieve).
21261 6~
' The suction device comprises essentially a suction hood 3, a suction line 4, a deflection separator 5, a blast line 6, and a blast device 7.
The suction hood 3 is arranged above the surface of the first sieve 21 of the swing sieve 2 at a distance to this surface and is connected by the suction line 4 to the deflection separator 5 so that air from the suction hood 3 can reach the deflection separator 5 via the suction line 4. The deflection separator 5 is connected at the outlet side with the blast line 6 which connects the deflection separator 5 with the blast device 7 in terms of flow.
The suction hood 3 of the suction device essentially comprises a lower part 31 resembling a sheet metal box without a cover or ~ bottom, onto which is placed an essentially similar center part 32 which passes into an upper part 33 whose walls taper conically in the suction direction (indicated by A in Figure 1 and in Figure 2). As can be seen in Figure 2, the suction cross-section of the lower part 31 is greater than the outlet cross-section of the lower part 31 which is achieved by the fact that the wall of the lower part 31 pointing to the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further above, extends obliquely with respect to this end segment in order to widen the cross-section of the lower part 31. The suction hood 3 is arranged above the first sieve 21 at a distance to the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further above.
Below the first sieve 21 is arranged as a blowing device a nozzle strip 9 in the region below the suction hood 3 of the suction device. The nozzle strip 9 consists of a long nozzle 212616~
' -body (not shown here) which comprises several nozzles designed equidistantly one next to the other. The length of the nozzle body of the nozzle strip 9 corresponds essentially to the width of the first sieve 21 or the length of the suction hood 3, the long nozzle body of the nozzle strip 9 being arranged transversely to the first sieve 21. The nozzle strip 9 blows air into the direction of the first sieve 21 extending above it and consequently also into the direction of the inlet cross section of the lower part 31 of the suction hood 3. The nozzle strip 9 is arranged in the region below the oblique wall of the lower part 31. The stream of air in the nozzle strip can be generated either by the blast device 7 or by a separate blast device.
Due to the curving of the first sieve 21 or of the second sieve 22 of the swing sieve 2 a different distance from the surface ~of the first sieve 21 to the inlet cross-ection of the suction hood 3 results said distance increasing when viewed in the direction of the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further below.
It is further assumed that the waste material fed to the mill 1 is cigarette reject from the production of filter cigarettes containing as components tobacco, the tobacco-wrapping paper material and filter plugs as filter material with tipping. This waste material is fed to the mill 1 in the form of cut-up reject cigarettes.
After filling or feeding the waste material into the funnel-shaped inlet 16 of mill 1, the waste material reaches the separating chamber 11 of mill 1 where the waste material, by being taken along by the moving radial jaws 12, gets between 212616~
the radial jaws 12 and the stationary jaws 13 of the mill wherein the waste material is disintegrated mechanically and in the dry state and where, in particular, the paper material wrapping the tobacco and still adhering to the filter plug of the respective reject cigarette, is separated from these material components of the waste material, i.e. the tobacco and the filter plugs. The distances between the stationary jaws 13 and the radial jaws 12 of the mill 1 are adjusted so that the paper material or the paper wrapping is largely removed or detached from the filter material or the filter plugs, and, on the other hand, the filter plugs are not destroyed by this separating process in the mill, i.e. are not ground or pressed too strongly or become frayed at their ends The jaws 12 and 13 of the mill are designed so as to be variably adjustable in order to be adapted to particular specifications of the waste material or the rod-shaped bodies. After passing the stationary jaws 13 the thus disintegrated waste material is transported via the separating chamber 11 of the mill 1 to the outlet 15 of the mill 1 by the motion of the rotation part 14 and the radial jaws 12, where it exits from outlet 15 and falls onto the swing sieve 2 in the region of the end segment, arranged further above of the oblique swing sieve 2 onto the surface of the first sieve 21 of swing sieve 2. The waste material which now is present on the first sieve 21 is made to vibrate by an oscillation or vibration of the first sieve 21 or the entire swing sieve 2, it spreads out over the width of the sieve surface and, due to the inclination or obliquity of the first sieve 21, moves on the surface of the first sieve 21 downward in the direction toward the oblique end segment of swing sieve 2, which is arranged further down-stream, the direction of the movement of the waste material on the first sieve 21 being indicated by the direction of arrow B of Figure 1 or Figure 2.
~ 2l26l64 The waste material transferred from mill 1 to the swing sieve 2, i.e. the waste material which now rests upon the surface of the first sieve 21, consists of tobacco, paper material and S filter plugs, the paper material being separated from the filter plugs and thus no longer adhering to the ~ilter plug material, and also they are subsantially separated from the tobacco.
By shaking or vibrating the first sieve 21 the waste material on it is distributed over the entire width of the first sieve 21 and moves in downward direction. The tobacco which is relatively fine compared to the paper material and the filter plugs, falls through the sieve holes of the first sieve 21 onto the surface of the second sieve 22 which extends below the first sieve 21. On the first sieve 21 there mainly remain the ~ilter plugs and the paper material separated from the filter plugs but which is still admixed with the filter plugs. This mixture of filter plugs and paper material moves on the first sieve 21 in the direction of arrow B under the suction hood 3 of the suction device. As soon as the paper material reaches the suction region of the suction hood 3, it is picked up by the suction action created below suction hood 3 by the blast device 7, drawn into suction hood 3 and, via the air stream in the suction line 4, fed to the deflection separator 5 in which the paper-laden air stream is purified, i.e. the paper material is separated. (Instead of the deflection separator 5 a transverse or up-stream separator or a cyclone can alternatively be used.) The amplitude of the oscillation or vibration, the gap width or sieve hole width and the inclination angle a of the swing sieve ,. 2126164 2 are adjusted so that there is a mass stream of the waste material ~paper sleeve and filter plugs with tipping) which ensures an optimum suction of the paper material under the suction hood 3. The adjustments are carried out so that essentially a monolayer coating of the disintegrated waste material is present under the suction hood 3 in order to ensure the unhindered suction of the paper material from the filter plugs. The air stream exiting from the nozzle strip 9 imparts to the paper material and the filter plugs in the region below the oblique wall of the lower part 31 of the suction hood 3 an additional impetus upward into the region of the strong suction air stream, the air stream coming from the nozzle strip 9 and the suction air stream in the suction hood 3 being adjusted relative to one another so that there is an aspiration or suctioning action on the paper material into the suction hood 3; or else the filter plugs remain on the sieve surface of the first sieve 21. The sucked-off paper material is deposited in the deflection separator 5 whereas the filter plugs with tipping migrate on the surfacce of the first sieve 21 further into the direction of arrow B to the oblique end of the swing sieve where they are withdrawn via the filter outlet 24 or where they may be filled for example into an appropriate bag.
The fine tobacco which has fallen onto the surface of the second sieve 22 is transported via the vibration and oscillation motion and the inclination of the second sieve 22 into the direction of arrow C in Figure 1; there may still be some residual paper into the tobacco. During the movement of these waste components in the direction of arrow C on the surface of the second sieve 22 the tobacco falls through the sieve holes of the second sieve 22 onto the bottom plate 23, whereas the residual paper remains essentially on the surface .', ' 2l26l6~
of the second sieve 22 and migrates into the direction of the residual paper outlet 25 where it iswithdrawn and may be filled for example into a bag.
The tobacco material falling onto the bottom plate 23 below the second sieve 22 is transported by the vibration and obliquity of the bottom plate 23 into the direction of arrow D of Figure 1 in the swing sieve in order to be finally removed at the tobacco outlet 26 and filled into appropriate bags.
An optimum result in the recovery of the individual material components of the rod-shaped bodies is obtained when the volume of the air stream which exits from the nozzle strip 9 is 4.5 m3 per hour and the volume of the air stream in the suction hood 3 of the suction device is 180 m3 per hour, the swing sieve oscillating at a frequency of 50 Hertz with maximum amplitude ;and the inclination angle of the swing sieve relative to the horizontal being 12~. The rotation of mill 1 is for example 1450 rotations per minute, the jaw distance is between 1 to 4 millimeter and the diameter of the mill may be for example 29.5 cm.
During the operation of mill 1 the jaws 12 of mill 1 are rigidly or immoveably attached to the rotation part 14. As an alternative thereto the jaws 12 may be attached to the rotation part 14 by an articulated joint.
* * *
Rhône-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft Munich, May 31, 1994 Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processinq of ciqarettes The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus intended to carry out said process for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco-processing industry.
In the production or reprocessing of cigarettes and similar rod-shoped smoking items or bodies from the tobacco-processing industry discarded material is produced, comprising paper material, tobacco and/or at least one further component, such as e.g. filter material or filter plugs, said paper material wrapping the tobacco and possibly adhering to the filter material.
In the production of cigarettes first filter rods are generated from so-called filter tow strips which comprise cellulose acetate filaments. The filter tow strip(s) is (are) pulled off a pack or stack and further processed on a filter rod machine to form filter strands around which is wrapped paper, whereupon finally individual filter rods are generated by cutting the filter strands. These filter rods are cylindrical units around which is wrapped paper having a length of approximately 66 to 150 mm and a diameter of for example 4 mm to 10 mm. Each filter rod normally comprises enough material for four or six filter pieces or filter plugs which are wrapped with paper (tipping) which are later adhered to the cigarette rods containing paper-wrapped tobacco in order to generate filter cigarettes.
In the production of filter strands and or filter rods by filter strand manufacturing machines as well as in the production of the actual filter cigarettes by cigarette machines discarded material (reject) is frequently produced for example when charging the machine. This discarded material or "waste" comprises valuable substances or materials as components, such as for example the filter material or the filter plugs with tipping, the tobacco, wrapping paper for the tobacco, etc.
In DE-AS 1 204 118 an apparatus for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies is described which comprises a disintegrating device in the form of a toothed wheels, which disintegrate said bodies into their individual components, and a separating device, which separates the individual components. US-A-4 618 415 describes a separating apparatus for tobacco, which separates light-weight parts of threshed tobacco from heavier parts of the tobacco. US-A-4 651 757 describes an apparatus for the recovery of tobacco from 20 cigarettes, in which the cigarettes are disintegrated in several steps in a centrifugal mill, whereupon the tobacco is sieve~ l~y means of a sieving device. Similar apparatus are also described in US-A-4 278 100 and in US-A-4 083 499.
It is the task of the present invention to suggest a process and a respective apparatus which enable the recovery of the components, especially the filter material and the tobacco, from the rod-shaped bodies in a most careful and clean manner.
30 According to the present invention, there is provided a process for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco-proces~ing industry, said components being paper, tobacco and or filter materials with tipping, wherein the following process steps are essentially carried out:
- a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill into their individual components i 3 ~ 4' in dry-mechanical manner, the mill comprising a separating chamber having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor being driven by motor, a stator, the separating chamber being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor within the mill and by the stator surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber through which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating cha~ber for outputting the components obtained from lo disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within the mill, - the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws of the rotor, that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber.and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - and one or several stationary jaws of the stator, that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each having end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, and - a subsequent separating step, in which the individual components are separated from each other by:
- a sieving step, being performed by a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill, for sieving out the tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a sucking step, being performed by a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve, for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve and for leaving filter materiel with tipping on the swing sieve.
7~
After the disintegration step it is the paper material, in particular, which is detached from the other components, such as the tobacco and the filters.
By "dry mechanical" is urderstood a mechanical action on the bodies, in which for example through tearing, shearing and impact actions the bodies are disintegrated into their individual components, said disintegrating operation taking place under dry conditions, i.e. without the use of a liquid 10 or fluid, and also said bodies are present in dry state.
The components recovered in the first step are still admixed and are subsequently sieved to separate off the tobacco. For this the components may be brought into oscillation or vibration and spread out. From the thus spread components the paper which has already been detached or separated from the other material components, in particular the separated tobacco, may be sucked off to separate or select the paper.
Before the sieving or the suction operation there is already 20 a disintegrated waste material present, i.e. that the paper, the tobacco and e.g. the filter plugs with tipping are still admixed, but due to the previously effected disintegration the paper is no longer connected e.g. with the tobacco or the filter material, so that an aspiration of the paper material or a sievin~-out of the tobacco becomes possible.
According to the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco processing industry, comprising:
- a disintegration device in the form of a mill, which disintegrates said bodies into their individual components, said components being paper, tobacco and/or filter material with tipping, and a separation device, which separates the individual components from each other, - wherein the mill comprises a separating chamber having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor being ,d ' 3 ~ ~s ~
driven by a motor, a stator, the separating chamber being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor within the mill and by the stator surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber for which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within in the mill, - wherein the rotor of the mill comprises radial jaws that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the stator of the mill comprises stationary jaws that project from the stator into the separating chamber and -'hat durlng operatiGn of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each have end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, - wherein the separating device comprises:
- a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill and for sieving out tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve, and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
Due to the specific design of the mill a very careful recovery of the tobacco and also of the filter material with tipping is achieved whereby the recovery of these components is enabled.
A
~ 7 ~ 7~
5a The distance of the jaws may be adjustable and preferably is 1 to 4 mm. Further the radial jaws and/or the stationary jaws may be ~esigned 'o be &djustable.
The separation device is designed as a vibrating or swing sieve or swing groove to which the disintegrated components of the mill are fed and which further directs the components along a plane which slants with respect to the direction of the horizontal, the inclination angle being preferably 4 to 12~. The swing sieve may comprise several sieves arranged one above the other.
The disintegration device comprises a blast-operated suction device which sucks off the paper material. Said suction device is provided with a suction dome or hood which is arranged above the swing sieve.
The separation device may also comprise a blowing device which blows an air stream onto the disintegrated waste material or 20 the components in the swing sieve or impinges them with an air stream and which may be provided with a nozzle strip. Said nozzle strip may be arranged in an area below the suction hood of the suction device, the sieve extending between the suction hood and the nozzle strip.
The suction device preferably comprises a separating device, such as for instance a deflection separator, which separates the sucked off paper material from the suction air stream.
Preferably a blow device is additionally used which admits an 30 air stream onto the disintegrated waste material which air stream facilitates the removal of the paper material from the waste material.
~ ~ ~ 6 ~ ~ 4 .~ . .
5b Further advantages and utilities of the present invention may be seen frorn the subsequent detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in connection with the attached drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an /
/
....
2l26l6~
apparatus according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a more prices side view of the swing sieve device in which the embodiment according to Fig. 1 is used.
The embodiment according to the present invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 essentially comprises a disintegrationg device, to which a rod-shaped body in the form of cigarette reject is passed, and a separating device, to which the material processed in the disintegration device is passed for further processing.
The disintegration device essentially comprises a mill 1, in which there is a separating chamber 11 having an annular cross section. To said separating chamber 11 of mill 1 leads a funnel-shaped inlet 16 through which the waste material to be processed or reprocessed enters the separating chamber 11 of mill 1. The separating chamber 11 is defined by a cylinder-shaped rotation part 14 (=rotor) within the mill 1 and by a casing 17 of mill 1. The rotation part 14 is supported horizontally.
On the circumference of the rotation part 14 are fastened four radial jaws 12 or ribs or rotor tools, arranged equi-distantly from one another which project from the circumferential surface of the rotation part 14 into the separating chamber 11. The rotation part 14 of mill 1 is driven and rotated via a (not shown) drive by an electric motor. On the casing 17 which forms the stator of mill 1 are attached at a distance from one another two stationary jaws 13 or ribs or stator tools which project from the casing 17 into the separating chamber 11 of mill 1. When the radial jaws 12 on 212616~
rotation part 14 oppose one another, there is a distance in the range of 1 mm and 4 mm between the stationary jaws 13 and the radial jaws 12 rotating with the rotation part 14. The jaws are designed so that this distance can be adjusted, and they may be rounded.
From the separating chamber 11 extends an outlet 15 which is depicted in Figure 1 as a pierced outlet port. Except for the inlet 16 and the outlet 15, the separating chamber 11 is closed off on all sides on the outside by the casing 17 and on the inside by the rotation part 14.
The sorting separation device 2 to 9 of the apparatus according to the invention essentially comprises a swing sieve 2 or a swing groove and a suction device 3 to 7.
The swing sieve 2 comprises a frame 27 of lateral metal sheets. The frame 27 defines an essentially square space which in the downward direction is confined by a bottom plate 23 and in the upward direction is essentially open. In the space between frame 27 and the bottom plate 23 are arranged a first sieve 21 and a second sieve 22, the first sieve 21 extending over the second sieve 22 at a distance from the second sieve 22. At the bottom plate 23 of the swing sieve 2 there are arranged in Figure 1 and in Figure 2 successive outlets at a distance from one another which are referred to as filter outlet 24, residual paper outlet 25 and tobacco outlet 26. As is evident in Figure 2, the swing sieve 2 is arranged on a support 8. The support 8 is inclined at an angle a relative to the horizontal which extends at right angles to the direction of gravity so that there is also an inclination of swing sieve 2 relative to this horizontal. Thereby results also an obliquity or inclination of the flat-surface sieves 21 and 22 which are essentially plane-parallel to one another. The swing sieve 2 and also the sieves 21 and 22 arranged therein are consequently arranged at a slant, the end segment of swing sieve 2 arranged above being arranged below the outlet 15 of mill 1 so that the waste material on the swing sieve 2, processed in mill 1, can fall onto the first sieve 21 in the region of the end segment arranged further above of the swing sieve 2. The end segment region of the swing sieve 2 opposing at a slant the end segment arranged above the swing sieve 2 comprises at the bottom plate 23 outlets 26, 25, and 24 wherein the tobacco outlet 26 is followed at a distance by the residual paper outlet 25, and finally the residual paper outlet 25 is, in turn, followed at a distance by the filter outlet 24 arranged at the end of the swing sieve 2 at the end segment of swing sieve 2 arranged further below.
~ .
The swing sieve 2 together with frame 27, bottom plate 23 and sieves 21 and 22 is made to vibrate or oscillate by means of a drive device not further shown here.
The first sieve 21 and also the second sieve 22 are designed as essentially planar-surface sieves which each are relatively slightly curved in the direction of the slanting end segment of swing sieve 2, so that the inclination generated by the inclination of the swing sieve of the first sieve 21 or the second sieve 22 is further enhanced by the curving of the respective sieve whereby the mass throughput is locally increased in the direction toward the slanting end o~ the swing sieve. The gap width or the dimensions of the sieve holes of the first sieve or the second sieve 22 each are 5 mm or 2 mm (square hole sieve).
21261 6~
' The suction device comprises essentially a suction hood 3, a suction line 4, a deflection separator 5, a blast line 6, and a blast device 7.
The suction hood 3 is arranged above the surface of the first sieve 21 of the swing sieve 2 at a distance to this surface and is connected by the suction line 4 to the deflection separator 5 so that air from the suction hood 3 can reach the deflection separator 5 via the suction line 4. The deflection separator 5 is connected at the outlet side with the blast line 6 which connects the deflection separator 5 with the blast device 7 in terms of flow.
The suction hood 3 of the suction device essentially comprises a lower part 31 resembling a sheet metal box without a cover or ~ bottom, onto which is placed an essentially similar center part 32 which passes into an upper part 33 whose walls taper conically in the suction direction (indicated by A in Figure 1 and in Figure 2). As can be seen in Figure 2, the suction cross-section of the lower part 31 is greater than the outlet cross-section of the lower part 31 which is achieved by the fact that the wall of the lower part 31 pointing to the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further above, extends obliquely with respect to this end segment in order to widen the cross-section of the lower part 31. The suction hood 3 is arranged above the first sieve 21 at a distance to the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further above.
Below the first sieve 21 is arranged as a blowing device a nozzle strip 9 in the region below the suction hood 3 of the suction device. The nozzle strip 9 consists of a long nozzle 212616~
' -body (not shown here) which comprises several nozzles designed equidistantly one next to the other. The length of the nozzle body of the nozzle strip 9 corresponds essentially to the width of the first sieve 21 or the length of the suction hood 3, the long nozzle body of the nozzle strip 9 being arranged transversely to the first sieve 21. The nozzle strip 9 blows air into the direction of the first sieve 21 extending above it and consequently also into the direction of the inlet cross section of the lower part 31 of the suction hood 3. The nozzle strip 9 is arranged in the region below the oblique wall of the lower part 31. The stream of air in the nozzle strip can be generated either by the blast device 7 or by a separate blast device.
Due to the curving of the first sieve 21 or of the second sieve 22 of the swing sieve 2 a different distance from the surface ~of the first sieve 21 to the inlet cross-ection of the suction hood 3 results said distance increasing when viewed in the direction of the end segment of the swing sieve 2 arranged further below.
It is further assumed that the waste material fed to the mill 1 is cigarette reject from the production of filter cigarettes containing as components tobacco, the tobacco-wrapping paper material and filter plugs as filter material with tipping. This waste material is fed to the mill 1 in the form of cut-up reject cigarettes.
After filling or feeding the waste material into the funnel-shaped inlet 16 of mill 1, the waste material reaches the separating chamber 11 of mill 1 where the waste material, by being taken along by the moving radial jaws 12, gets between 212616~
the radial jaws 12 and the stationary jaws 13 of the mill wherein the waste material is disintegrated mechanically and in the dry state and where, in particular, the paper material wrapping the tobacco and still adhering to the filter plug of the respective reject cigarette, is separated from these material components of the waste material, i.e. the tobacco and the filter plugs. The distances between the stationary jaws 13 and the radial jaws 12 of the mill 1 are adjusted so that the paper material or the paper wrapping is largely removed or detached from the filter material or the filter plugs, and, on the other hand, the filter plugs are not destroyed by this separating process in the mill, i.e. are not ground or pressed too strongly or become frayed at their ends The jaws 12 and 13 of the mill are designed so as to be variably adjustable in order to be adapted to particular specifications of the waste material or the rod-shaped bodies. After passing the stationary jaws 13 the thus disintegrated waste material is transported via the separating chamber 11 of the mill 1 to the outlet 15 of the mill 1 by the motion of the rotation part 14 and the radial jaws 12, where it exits from outlet 15 and falls onto the swing sieve 2 in the region of the end segment, arranged further above of the oblique swing sieve 2 onto the surface of the first sieve 21 of swing sieve 2. The waste material which now is present on the first sieve 21 is made to vibrate by an oscillation or vibration of the first sieve 21 or the entire swing sieve 2, it spreads out over the width of the sieve surface and, due to the inclination or obliquity of the first sieve 21, moves on the surface of the first sieve 21 downward in the direction toward the oblique end segment of swing sieve 2, which is arranged further down-stream, the direction of the movement of the waste material on the first sieve 21 being indicated by the direction of arrow B of Figure 1 or Figure 2.
~ 2l26l64 The waste material transferred from mill 1 to the swing sieve 2, i.e. the waste material which now rests upon the surface of the first sieve 21, consists of tobacco, paper material and S filter plugs, the paper material being separated from the filter plugs and thus no longer adhering to the ~ilter plug material, and also they are subsantially separated from the tobacco.
By shaking or vibrating the first sieve 21 the waste material on it is distributed over the entire width of the first sieve 21 and moves in downward direction. The tobacco which is relatively fine compared to the paper material and the filter plugs, falls through the sieve holes of the first sieve 21 onto the surface of the second sieve 22 which extends below the first sieve 21. On the first sieve 21 there mainly remain the ~ilter plugs and the paper material separated from the filter plugs but which is still admixed with the filter plugs. This mixture of filter plugs and paper material moves on the first sieve 21 in the direction of arrow B under the suction hood 3 of the suction device. As soon as the paper material reaches the suction region of the suction hood 3, it is picked up by the suction action created below suction hood 3 by the blast device 7, drawn into suction hood 3 and, via the air stream in the suction line 4, fed to the deflection separator 5 in which the paper-laden air stream is purified, i.e. the paper material is separated. (Instead of the deflection separator 5 a transverse or up-stream separator or a cyclone can alternatively be used.) The amplitude of the oscillation or vibration, the gap width or sieve hole width and the inclination angle a of the swing sieve ,. 2126164 2 are adjusted so that there is a mass stream of the waste material ~paper sleeve and filter plugs with tipping) which ensures an optimum suction of the paper material under the suction hood 3. The adjustments are carried out so that essentially a monolayer coating of the disintegrated waste material is present under the suction hood 3 in order to ensure the unhindered suction of the paper material from the filter plugs. The air stream exiting from the nozzle strip 9 imparts to the paper material and the filter plugs in the region below the oblique wall of the lower part 31 of the suction hood 3 an additional impetus upward into the region of the strong suction air stream, the air stream coming from the nozzle strip 9 and the suction air stream in the suction hood 3 being adjusted relative to one another so that there is an aspiration or suctioning action on the paper material into the suction hood 3; or else the filter plugs remain on the sieve surface of the first sieve 21. The sucked-off paper material is deposited in the deflection separator 5 whereas the filter plugs with tipping migrate on the surfacce of the first sieve 21 further into the direction of arrow B to the oblique end of the swing sieve where they are withdrawn via the filter outlet 24 or where they may be filled for example into an appropriate bag.
The fine tobacco which has fallen onto the surface of the second sieve 22 is transported via the vibration and oscillation motion and the inclination of the second sieve 22 into the direction of arrow C in Figure 1; there may still be some residual paper into the tobacco. During the movement of these waste components in the direction of arrow C on the surface of the second sieve 22 the tobacco falls through the sieve holes of the second sieve 22 onto the bottom plate 23, whereas the residual paper remains essentially on the surface .', ' 2l26l6~
of the second sieve 22 and migrates into the direction of the residual paper outlet 25 where it iswithdrawn and may be filled for example into a bag.
The tobacco material falling onto the bottom plate 23 below the second sieve 22 is transported by the vibration and obliquity of the bottom plate 23 into the direction of arrow D of Figure 1 in the swing sieve in order to be finally removed at the tobacco outlet 26 and filled into appropriate bags.
An optimum result in the recovery of the individual material components of the rod-shaped bodies is obtained when the volume of the air stream which exits from the nozzle strip 9 is 4.5 m3 per hour and the volume of the air stream in the suction hood 3 of the suction device is 180 m3 per hour, the swing sieve oscillating at a frequency of 50 Hertz with maximum amplitude ;and the inclination angle of the swing sieve relative to the horizontal being 12~. The rotation of mill 1 is for example 1450 rotations per minute, the jaw distance is between 1 to 4 millimeter and the diameter of the mill may be for example 29.5 cm.
During the operation of mill 1 the jaws 12 of mill 1 are rigidly or immoveably attached to the rotation part 14. As an alternative thereto the jaws 12 may be attached to the rotation part 14 by an articulated joint.
* * *
Claims (19)
1. Process for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco-processing industry, said components being paper, tobacco and or filter materials with tipping, wherein the following process steps are essentially carried out:
- a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill (1) into their individual components in dry-mechanical manner, the mill comprising a separating chamber (11) having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor (14) being driven by motor, a stator (17), the separating chamber (11) being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor (14) within the mill (1) and by the stator (17) surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber through which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within the mill, - the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws (12) of the rotor (14), that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - and one or several stationary jaws (13) of the stator (17), that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each having end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, and - a subsequent separating step, in which the individual components are separated from each other by:
- a sieving step, being performed by a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill, for sieving out the tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a sucking step, being performed by a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve, for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
- a disintegrating step, in which the bodies are disintegrated in a mill (1) into their individual components in dry-mechanical manner, the mill comprising a separating chamber (11) having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor (14) being driven by motor, a stator (17), the separating chamber (11) being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor (14) within the mill (1) and by the stator (17) surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber through which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within the mill, - the bodies during their disintegration passing one or several radial jaws (12) of the rotor (14), that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - and one or several stationary jaws (13) of the stator (17), that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws and the stationary jaws each having end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, and - a subsequent separating step, in which the individual components are separated from each other by:
- a sieving step, being performed by a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill, for sieving out the tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a sucking step, being performed by a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve, for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the components are sieved several times during the separation step.
3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the components are blown with a gas during the separation step.
4. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that during the separation the components are brought into vibration along an oblique plane which is inclined with respect to the horizontal.
5. Process according to claim 4, characterized in that the inclination of the oblique plane with respect to the horizontal has an angle (a) in the range of between about 4°
and 12°.
and 12°.
6. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that during the separation step the sieved off tobacco is subjected to further sieving steps.
7. Apparatus for the recovery of components from rod-shaped bodies from the tobacco processing industry, comprising:
- a disintegration device in the form of a mill (1), which disintegrates said bodies into their individual components, said components being paper, tobacco and/or filter material with tipping, and a separation device, which separates the individual components from each other, wherein the mill (1) comprises a separating chamber (11) having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor (14) being driven by a motor, a stator (17), the separating chamber (11) being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor (14) within the mill (1) and by the stator (17) surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber for which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within in the mill, - wherein the rotor (14) of the mill (1) comprises radial jaws (12) that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the stator (17) of the mill (1) comprises stationary jaws (13) that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws (12) and the stationary jaws (13) each have end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, - wherein the separating device comprises:
- a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill and for sieving out tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve, and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
- a disintegration device in the form of a mill (1), which disintegrates said bodies into their individual components, said components being paper, tobacco and/or filter material with tipping, and a separation device, which separates the individual components from each other, wherein the mill (1) comprises a separating chamber (11) having an annular cross section, a cylinder-shaped rotor (14) being driven by a motor, a stator (17), the separating chamber (11) being defined by the cylinder-shaped rotor (14) within the mill (1) and by the stator (17) surrounding the separating chamber, an inlet leading to the separating chamber for which the rod-shaped bodies enter the separating chamber, and an outlet extending from the separating chamber for outputting the components obtained from disintegrating the rod-shaped bodies within in the mill, - wherein the rotor (14) of the mill (1) comprises radial jaws (12) that project from a circumferential surface of the rotor into the separating chamber and that, during operation of the mill, are attached to the rotor in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the stator (17) of the mill (1) comprises stationary jaws (13) that project from the stator into the separating chamber and that during operation of the mill, are attached in a rigid or movable manner, - wherein the radial jaws (12) and the stationary jaws (13) each have end faces that, when the radial jaws and the stationary jaws are located opposite to each other, are spaced at a distance to each other, - wherein the separating device comprises:
- a swing sieve to which the disintegrated components are fed from the outlet of the mill and for sieving out tobacco from the disintegrated components being on the swing sieve, - a blastdriven suction device having a suction hood being arranged above the swing sieve for sucking off paper from the components after tobacco is sieved out from the components by the swing sieve, and for leaving filter material with tipping on the swing sieve.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance of the jaws (12,13) is adjustable.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance of jaws (12,13) is 1 to 4 mm.
10. Apparatus according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the radial jaws (12) and/or the stationary jaws (13) are adjustable.
11. Apparatus according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the components are further directed along a plane which is inclined with respect to the direction of the horizontal.
12. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the swing sieve comprises several sieves (21,22) which are arranged one above the other.
13. Apparatus according to claim 7, 8, 9 or 12, characterized in that the separation device comprises a blow device which blows onto the disintegrated waste material or the components in a swing sieve.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the blow device is designed as a nozzle strip (9).
15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the nozzle strip (9) is arranged in the region below the suction hood (3) of the suction device, the sieve (21) extending between the suction hood (3) and the nozzle strip (9).
16. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the suction device comprises a separation device, such as a deflection separator (5).
17. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the swing sieve is inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle (a) of 4° to 12°.
18. Apparatus according to claim 12, 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that the swing sieve is inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle (a) of 4° to 12°.
19. Process according to claim 3, characterized in that said gas is air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2126164 CA2126164C (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processing of cigarettes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2126164 CA2126164C (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processing of cigarettes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2126164A1 CA2126164A1 (en) | 1995-12-18 |
| CA2126164C true CA2126164C (en) | 1998-12-22 |
Family
ID=4153841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2126164 Expired - Fee Related CA2126164C (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | Method and arrangement for processing or reprocessing waste material accumulating in the production or processing of cigarettes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2126164C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114733763B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-08-18 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Screening and recycling process device for tobacco shreds of defective and unqualified cigarettes of cloud cigarettes |
| JP2024002769A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-01-11 | 株式会社サタケ | Purifier |
-
1994
- 1994-06-17 CA CA 2126164 patent/CA2126164C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2126164A1 (en) | 1995-12-18 |
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