CA2123886A1 - Improved panel clinching methods - Google Patents
Improved panel clinching methodsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2123886A1 CA2123886A1 CA002123886A CA2123886A CA2123886A1 CA 2123886 A1 CA2123886 A1 CA 2123886A1 CA 002123886 A CA002123886 A CA 002123886A CA 2123886 A CA2123886 A CA 2123886A CA 2123886 A1 CA2123886 A1 CA 2123886A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slug
- rivet
- panels
- punch
- clinched joint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/36—Rivet sets, i.e. tools for forming heads; Mandrels for expanding parts of hollow rivets
Abstract
In a clinched joint (11) to secure panels (12, 13) together, a rivet or slug (10) is driven into the clinched joint (11) as it is formed, and the inner end of the rivet or slug (10) is outwardly-deformed to increase both the shear and axial separation load strengths of the clinched joint (11). Rings (410) or components (510, 610), which may form parts of sub-assemblies, may also be secured to the pannels (412, 413; 512, 513; 612, 613) by the clinching methods, the rings (410) or components (510, 610) acting as the dies for the joints (411, 511, 611).
Description
WO 93/10925 PCrtAU92~00631 ~ ' 2123~86 '~ 1 , ~; Title: "IMPROVEr) PANEL CI~INC~ING METHODS"
, .
BACKGROU~D OF TlEE INVENTION
<~ 1. Field of the Invention .~ This invention relates to impro~ed panel 5 clinching methods. The term "clinching'l is also known .~, as ~Ipress joining" or "integral fastening". ,,'----2. Prior Art Spot welding is the most colmnonly used techni~ue f or j oining vehicle body components in the automokive industries. As the strength of each spot `', weld ca:nnot be guaranteecl, eg. due to the inclusion of rubbish between the components, or poor weld penetration, designers must i~crease the nu~er of welds to ensure adequate j oint strength .
.~ 15 Spot welding has not ye~ been deve~ oped as an accurate ,, reli~ble m~thod f or j oining galvanised steel or aluminium components, ~ With galvanised steel, weldi~g a~tion destrr:ys 3~ the galvanising ~out the weld site, making it liable to corrosion~
Aluminium has great potential in the automobile f ield due to its liyht weight, but the lack of a suitable spot weldi:ng method is one reason which has minimised its applicat;io~.
One alternative to spot weldin~ is the u~e of self-piercing ri~et~, and a method of, and apparlatus for, the fastening of metal panels with self-piercing ~¦ rivets is disclosed i.n US Patent No 4,615,475 (Fuhrmeister~ (= Intern~tional Publication N~.nber Wo 8~/04710).
~ A further alternative method is metal ¦ clinching, where two sheets of metal are deformed into a lockiny engagement using a punch-and-die combinat.ion.
Examples of metal clinching methods are disclosed in:
3~ 1. DE 4009813 (Fraunhoffer-Ges Ford Ange);
WO~3/10925 PCT~AU92/00631 . .. ~
2'1238~J~
2. DE 1452820 (Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH);
3. DE 3726392 ~Kuka Schweissanlage);
, .
BACKGROU~D OF TlEE INVENTION
<~ 1. Field of the Invention .~ This invention relates to impro~ed panel 5 clinching methods. The term "clinching'l is also known .~, as ~Ipress joining" or "integral fastening". ,,'----2. Prior Art Spot welding is the most colmnonly used techni~ue f or j oining vehicle body components in the automokive industries. As the strength of each spot `', weld ca:nnot be guaranteecl, eg. due to the inclusion of rubbish between the components, or poor weld penetration, designers must i~crease the nu~er of welds to ensure adequate j oint strength .
.~ 15 Spot welding has not ye~ been deve~ oped as an accurate ,, reli~ble m~thod f or j oining galvanised steel or aluminium components, ~ With galvanised steel, weldi~g a~tion destrr:ys 3~ the galvanising ~out the weld site, making it liable to corrosion~
Aluminium has great potential in the automobile f ield due to its liyht weight, but the lack of a suitable spot weldi:ng method is one reason which has minimised its applicat;io~.
One alternative to spot weldin~ is the u~e of self-piercing ri~et~, and a method of, and apparlatus for, the fastening of metal panels with self-piercing ~¦ rivets is disclosed i.n US Patent No 4,615,475 (Fuhrmeister~ (= Intern~tional Publication N~.nber Wo 8~/04710).
~ A further alternative method is metal ¦ clinching, where two sheets of metal are deformed into a lockiny engagement using a punch-and-die combinat.ion.
Examples of metal clinching methods are disclosed in:
3~ 1. DE 4009813 (Fraunhoffer-Ges Ford Ange);
WO~3/10925 PCT~AU92/00631 . .. ~
2'1238~J~
2. DE 1452820 (Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH);
3. DE 3726392 ~Kuka Schweissanlage);
4. EP 330061 ~Eckold WO & Co GmbH);
. EP 215449 (Rapp E.);
6. GB 2244946 (Fairacre Limited~,J
7. GB 2123734 (BTM Corporation);
8. US 3919955 tDu Vernay); and 9. US 3875~9 (Ladouceur et al).
,t 10 While these methods enable met l sheets to be joined together, they have relativel~ low shear and `~ axial load strengths, and the joints do not have an outer face substantially flush with the surrounding .~ sheet metal (and are so not applicable in exposed areas, ~l 15 eg. wi~hln an engine compartment)~
~3~
It is an object of ~:he present invention to prc: vide a panel clinching method where the shear strengths of the clinching j oint: is increased .
~- 20 It is a preferred object to provide a method where the axial load strength of the clinched joint is increased.
It is a further preferred object to pro~ide a method whPre the outer face of the joint may be substantially flush with the surrounding sheet metal.
It is a still urther preferrad object to provide a method where a~cillar~ components may be supp~rted by or from the clinched joint~
It is a still ur~her preferred object to provide a method where the clinched joint may be capped" to constrain any stxe~s lines in the metal panels in the region of the j oint .
Other preferred objects will become apparerlt f rom the f ollowing description .
3 5 In ~ne aspect, the present invention resides ~ WO93/1092~ PCT/AU92/00631 ~ 3 in a panel clinching method wherein:
a hollow rivet or full tubular slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivèt or slug is outwardly-deformed within the joint.
The term "outw~rdly-deformed" shali-~e used to include deformation of all or part of the shank or stem of the rivet or slug in at least one direction latexal (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis of the shank or stem.
In a single stage method, the rivet or slug lmay be inserted into the joint as the joint is formed, the rivet or slug co-operating with the punch to deform the panels into the supporting die. In a two-stage process, the rivet or slug co operates with the metal panels into the die, and a sleeve external to the punch then deforms the rivet or slug within the jointO
The bore of the rivet or slug may be threaded, serrated or otherwise profiled to engage and support an anchor for, eg~ a wirin~ loom support, a trim cover panel ~astener or the like. A plastic insert may be fitted to the rivet or slug to provide ~ flush outer face.
Preferably, the pa~els are pre-clamped to the ¦25 die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint; or before the cli~ched joint is formed and the ri~et ox slug is then Iinserted into the joint.
¦In a second aspect, the present invention 130 resides in a panel clinching method where a solid or semi-tubular ~ivet or slug is driven or inserted into a Iclinched joint and at least the inner e~d of the shanX
Iof the rivet or 51ug is outwardl~-deformed within the ¦ 3Oint.
In a single stage process, the rlvet or slug 5 PCT/AU92~00631 is interposed between the punch and the outer panel (to be joined) and the rivet or slug is used to deform the `:: metal pane~s into the die as the clinched joint is formed.
5In a two-staged process, a conventional ; button-type clinched joint is formed and tb~-~ the rivet or slug is pxe~sed into the joint by the punch.
~fPreferably, the panels are pre-clamped to the $ die before the clinched joi~t is formed.
lOIn a third aspect, the present inventisn resides in a panel clinching method where a ring, or a ~. body or component having a tapered bore or recess, is i supported by a die and at least one panel is deformed ' into the ring or the ~ore or recess to form a clinched joint therewith.
Preferably, the panels are deformed behind the . ring or into engagement with inwar~ly-divergent walls in the recess.
In a fourth aspect, the method of the third 20 aspect is used in combination with the hollow rivet or tubular slug of the first aspect, or the solid or semi-tubular rivet sr slug of the second aspect.
In a. fifth aspect, the present inven~ion resides in a clinched joint for panels formed by the 25 me~hod of any one o the first to fourth aspects.
While the invention is particularly suitable 3 for joining sheet metal panels, it is also suitable for polymeric materials (eg. polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, nylon) where~one or more metal panels are 30 s~bstituted by panels of polymeric material. For example, the methods are suitable for joinlng, eg. an aluminium sheet to a polypropylene sheet, where the polymeric sheet may ~e locally preheated (eg. by the ~ supporting die) to assist in the "flow" of the polymeric :1 35 material as the joint is formed~ The rings or ~j :, WO 93/10925 PCI /AU92/00631 .~ 2~23~86 .
components may also be formed of polymeric material and be clinched to metal and~ox polymeric material sheets~
The shanks of the rivets or slugs may be provided with external splines, grooves, teeth or other protrusions or recesses to provide additiopal grip between the rivets or slugs and the pa~ers in the clinched joint.
'~ Adhesives can be applied, eg. to the shanks of i the rivets or sluys to assist ~onding of the xivets or slugs to the panels. Adhesives may also be provided within the bore of the tubular or semi-tubular rive~s or slu~s to be extruded into the clinched joint, as the rivets or slugs are deformed, to assist the bonding of the rivets or slugs to the panels.
FIG 1 is a sectional side view of a hollow rivet or tubular slug suitable for clinching two p nels of metal together;
FIGS 2 to 5 are sectional side views of the steps in a two-stage process of forming a clinched joint of a first emhodLment;
FIG 6 is a sectional side view of the clinched joint of the first embodLment;
FIG 7 is a sectional side view of a modif.ied ~ubular rivet or slug;
FIGS 8 to 11 are sectional side views of the steps in a single-stage process of fo ~ ng a clinched joint of ~ second embod~ment;
FIG 12 is a sectional side view of thP
clinched joint of the second embodiment;
FIG 13 is a sectional side view of a solid rivek or slu~;
FIGS 14 and 15 are sectional side ~iews of the steps of forming a clinched joint of a third embodiment;
35FIG 16 is a sectional side view of the ., WOg3/l0925 PCT/AU92~00631 ,, 2~23~6 clinched joint of the ~hird embodLment;
FIG 17 is a sectional side view of a semi-tubular rivet or slug;
FIGS 18 to 22 are sectional side views of the ~ 5 steps of forming a clinched joint of the fourth `" embodLment;
$ FIG 23 is a sectional side view of the clinched joint of the fourth embodLment;
FIG 24 is a (a) top plan, (b) sectional side, and (c) bot~om plan view of a ring;
~j FIG 2S is ~ sectional view of the clinched ! joint of the fifth embodiment;
FIG 26 is a sLmilar view of a modified form of the clinched joint of FIG 25;
FIG 27 is a (a~ top pl~n, (b) sectional side, and ~c) botto~ plan view of a c~mponent;
FIG 28 is a sectional side view of a clinched joint of a sixth embodiment;
FIG 29 is a s~milar v:iew ~f a modified form of the clinched joint of FIG 28;
FIG 30 is a (a~ top plan, (b~ sectional side, and (c) bottom plan view of a second component;
FIG 31 is a sectional side view of a clinched joint of a seventh embod ~ent; and FIG 32 is a sectional side view showing the ;; clinched joint of FIG 31 where the oompo~ent is supported in a die.
~ D~TAILED D ~ EMBODINENTS
i~ Referring now to~ FXGS 1 to 6, the t~bular rivet 10 of FIG 1 is driven into the metal panels to form the clinched joint 11 of FIG 6.
The metal panels 12, 13 to be joined together are supported on the die assembly 14 of a clinching tool(s~, the die assembly having e~pandable and contractable collets 16 associated with a collet holder ~ WO 93~10925 PCr/AlJ92~00631 2123~6 .: 7 17 and anvil lB arranged to allow the joint 11 to be ~', released when formed.
The ::linching tool 15 has a pre-cl ampir~g head 19 which clamps the metal panels 12, 13 to the die .i 5 asse~nbly and has internal ( sprîng~loa~ed) b~lls l9A to ~, locate and centralise the rivet 10. A punch 20 is slidably journalled in a sleeve 21, slidably journalled in the pre~clarnping head 19, and the punch 20 and sleeve 21 are co~nected to respective hydraulic rams ( not shown ) .
The operation of the clinching tool 15 s~Jill now be described.
After the metal panels 12, 13 are clam~ecl to the die assembly 14 by the pre-clamping head 19, the punch 20 is driven thr~ugh the rivet 10 into engage~nent '~t~ with the upper panel 12; the sleeve 2~ engaging the ri~et 10. The pun~h 20 and rivet 10 are ad~ranced to deform the metal panels 12, 13 into the die assenlbly 14 ( see FIG 4 3 . The sleeve 21 is then advanced to c:2luse ~j 2û the inn~er end of the rivet 10 to be outwardly-defonned ,~t ( see F~GS 5 and 6 ) .
The anvil 18 can be spring-loaded or forcibly raised as a post-forming operation against the punch 20 to assist in defor~LLng the rivet or slug.
The insertion ar~d deformation of the rivet - assists in lockir~g the metal panels 12, 13 together, with increase in the shear a~d axial separation strength~s) (ie. in the direction of arrows A and B, respectively).
The bore 22 of the rivet 10 may be threaded to recei~e ~ fastener or plug to support, ey. an electrical wirin~ loom or a plastic insert to form a flush cover for the clinched joint 11.
'! Referring now to FIGS 7 to 12, a modified ;,"J
i~l 35 tubular rivet 110 has a tapered end 12~ to its inner "
,, ~ WO93/10925 PCT/AU92/00631 .,.
?~23~ & 8 . bore 122.
' In this one-stage method, the sleeve 21 is `~eliminated and the punch 120 is slidably journalled in `.the pre~clamping head 119. The metal sheets 112, 113 ~,'!5 are supported by the die assembly 114 and clamped thereto by the clamping head 119. The punch'f~0 engages the rivet 110 (see FIG 9) and drives the rivet 110 into the metal panels 112, 113 which are deformed into the die assembly 114 (see FIG 10). The punch 120 is further .,;10 advanced (see FIG 113 to deform the inner end of the '~rivet 110 to form the clinched joint 111 (see FIG 12~.
;,,To increase the strength of the clinched joints 1.1, 111, a solid or semi-tubular rivet or slug may be used.
Referring now to FIGS 13 to 16, a solid slug 210 (FIG 13) has a concave recess 222 at its lower end ., and is used to form the clinched joint 211 of FIG 16.
The metal sheets 212, 213 are clamped to the die asse~bly 214 by the clamping head 219 ~see FIG 14).
The punch 220 is advanced to drive the slug 210 ~as an extension of the punch 2203 into the metal panels 212, 1i 213 to deform the panels into the die assembly 214 to ~j fo~m the clinched joint 211. It will be noted that the head of the sluy 210 is flush with ~he outer face of pa~el 212 and such a joi~t is suitable where aesthetic appeal is required, eg. on a visible surface of a vehicle body.
j The semi-tubular slug 310 (see FIG 17) has a tapered end 323 to its bore 322.
In the two-stage process shown in FIGS 18 to 23, the metal panels 312, 313 are pre-clamped to the die assembly 314 by the clamping head 319 and the punch 320 is advanced (see FIG 19) to form a conventional button-type clinched joint 311A (see FIG 20). The punch 320 is retracted and a semi-tubular slug 310 is placed in ~I23~86 `, g flf the clinching tool.
The pre-clamping head 319 clamps the panels (see FI~ 21) and the punch 320 is advanced to drive the slug 310 into the clinched joint 311A to deform the slug 310 to ~orm the clinched joint 311 (see FIG 23).
Referring now to FIGS 24 and 25, the~~rivets or slugs (10, 110, 210, 310) may be substituted by a Imetal or plastic) ring 410 which engages the lowff-ffr panel 413 ~,fto lock the clinched joint 411, the panels 412, 413 '110 being deformed into the divergently tapered bore 422 of the ring 410. The ring 410 is supported by a die ~,assembly (not shown) as the punch Inot shown~ deforms vfthe panels 412, 413, the ring 410 acting as the die : body.
15As shown in FIG 26, straps or clips 424 may ~e l~ fonmed integrally with the ring 410, eg, to secure ', wiring to a vehicle body. If re~uested, the ring 410 can be combined with the method of FIGS 17 to 23, where a solid or semi tubulfr slug is pressed into the f f ~20 clinched joint 411 to fo~m a flush surface with panel j~ 412.
A component 510 (see FIGS 27 to 29), with a tapered recess or bore ~22, and a screw-threaded hole 525 (as part of a sub-assembly - not shown) can also be employed as the die for the cl~nched joint Sll and provide a mou~t for the sub-assembly secured to the panels 512, 513.
As shown in FI~ 29, a solid slug 210 can be pressed into the clinched jaint 511. (The slug 210 may be screw-threaded and ha~e a slot, Philips-head slot or ~;an Allen-head recess to enable the slug 210 to be ~¦removed later if required for dis-assembly of the joint ~11. ) FIGS 30 to 32 show the attachment of a second 3~ component 610, with a bore 622 and a plain spigot (FIG
30) or screw-threaded end spigot 626 (FIG 31), secured 1, .~: WO 93/10925 PCr/AU92/00631 , .
' 10 3~ clinch-joint 611. ~The spigot may also be profiled, eg. engage~le in a catch or lock means. ~
FIG 32 shows the component 610 supported by a die assembly 614 during the clinching stepO
5In the methods shown in FIGS 24 to 26; 27 to 29; and 30 to 32, two panels 412, 413; 512,--513; 612, :~ 613 are shown secured in the ring ~10, and c:omponents 510, 610. The methods are al50 applicable to securing a single panel to the ring 410 on components 510, 610.
`;~ 10In addition, in all of the methods, on~ or '~ both panels may be a polymeric sheet ~ eg.
polypropylelle ), it being pref erred that the inner sheet , eg. 13 " 113 ) being the polymeric sheet and the die assembly may be heated at the location of the clinched . 15 joint to assist "flow" of the polymeric material.
~ For improved recycling, it is preferred t.. hat .~ the rivets 10, 110; slugs 210, 310; ring 410; or components 510~ 610 be of the same t~pe of material as ~he pane:ls as this will obviate the need for disass~ly of the join~s.
As an indication of the advantage of methods of ~he p:resent invention, the use of an 8mm solid ri.vet or slug in conjunction with a clinched joint increase the shear strength of a sheet metal joint by 50% and the strength to both the shear and axial separatian directions can be maintained within controlled limits, ~, unlike spot welds. This mea~s the number of clinched joints ca.n be much less th~n the number of spot welds, and the joints can also support sub-assemblies.
Various changes and modificatio~s may be made to the embodiments descr.ibed and illustrated without departing from the scope of the present invent.ion ., defined in the appended claims.
~............ . ..... ..
. EP 215449 (Rapp E.);
6. GB 2244946 (Fairacre Limited~,J
7. GB 2123734 (BTM Corporation);
8. US 3919955 tDu Vernay); and 9. US 3875~9 (Ladouceur et al).
,t 10 While these methods enable met l sheets to be joined together, they have relativel~ low shear and `~ axial load strengths, and the joints do not have an outer face substantially flush with the surrounding .~ sheet metal (and are so not applicable in exposed areas, ~l 15 eg. wi~hln an engine compartment)~
~3~
It is an object of ~:he present invention to prc: vide a panel clinching method where the shear strengths of the clinching j oint: is increased .
~- 20 It is a preferred object to provide a method where the axial load strength of the clinched joint is increased.
It is a further preferred object to pro~ide a method whPre the outer face of the joint may be substantially flush with the surrounding sheet metal.
It is a still urther preferrad object to provide a method where a~cillar~ components may be supp~rted by or from the clinched joint~
It is a still ur~her preferred object to provide a method where the clinched joint may be capped" to constrain any stxe~s lines in the metal panels in the region of the j oint .
Other preferred objects will become apparerlt f rom the f ollowing description .
3 5 In ~ne aspect, the present invention resides ~ WO93/1092~ PCT/AU92/00631 ~ 3 in a panel clinching method wherein:
a hollow rivet or full tubular slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivèt or slug is outwardly-deformed within the joint.
The term "outw~rdly-deformed" shali-~e used to include deformation of all or part of the shank or stem of the rivet or slug in at least one direction latexal (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis of the shank or stem.
In a single stage method, the rivet or slug lmay be inserted into the joint as the joint is formed, the rivet or slug co-operating with the punch to deform the panels into the supporting die. In a two-stage process, the rivet or slug co operates with the metal panels into the die, and a sleeve external to the punch then deforms the rivet or slug within the jointO
The bore of the rivet or slug may be threaded, serrated or otherwise profiled to engage and support an anchor for, eg~ a wirin~ loom support, a trim cover panel ~astener or the like. A plastic insert may be fitted to the rivet or slug to provide ~ flush outer face.
Preferably, the pa~els are pre-clamped to the ¦25 die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint; or before the cli~ched joint is formed and the ri~et ox slug is then Iinserted into the joint.
¦In a second aspect, the present invention 130 resides in a panel clinching method where a solid or semi-tubular ~ivet or slug is driven or inserted into a Iclinched joint and at least the inner e~d of the shanX
Iof the rivet or 51ug is outwardl~-deformed within the ¦ 3Oint.
In a single stage process, the rlvet or slug 5 PCT/AU92~00631 is interposed between the punch and the outer panel (to be joined) and the rivet or slug is used to deform the `:: metal pane~s into the die as the clinched joint is formed.
5In a two-staged process, a conventional ; button-type clinched joint is formed and tb~-~ the rivet or slug is pxe~sed into the joint by the punch.
~fPreferably, the panels are pre-clamped to the $ die before the clinched joi~t is formed.
lOIn a third aspect, the present inventisn resides in a panel clinching method where a ring, or a ~. body or component having a tapered bore or recess, is i supported by a die and at least one panel is deformed ' into the ring or the ~ore or recess to form a clinched joint therewith.
Preferably, the panels are deformed behind the . ring or into engagement with inwar~ly-divergent walls in the recess.
In a fourth aspect, the method of the third 20 aspect is used in combination with the hollow rivet or tubular slug of the first aspect, or the solid or semi-tubular rivet sr slug of the second aspect.
In a. fifth aspect, the present inven~ion resides in a clinched joint for panels formed by the 25 me~hod of any one o the first to fourth aspects.
While the invention is particularly suitable 3 for joining sheet metal panels, it is also suitable for polymeric materials (eg. polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, nylon) where~one or more metal panels are 30 s~bstituted by panels of polymeric material. For example, the methods are suitable for joinlng, eg. an aluminium sheet to a polypropylene sheet, where the polymeric sheet may ~e locally preheated (eg. by the ~ supporting die) to assist in the "flow" of the polymeric :1 35 material as the joint is formed~ The rings or ~j :, WO 93/10925 PCI /AU92/00631 .~ 2~23~86 .
components may also be formed of polymeric material and be clinched to metal and~ox polymeric material sheets~
The shanks of the rivets or slugs may be provided with external splines, grooves, teeth or other protrusions or recesses to provide additiopal grip between the rivets or slugs and the pa~ers in the clinched joint.
'~ Adhesives can be applied, eg. to the shanks of i the rivets or sluys to assist ~onding of the xivets or slugs to the panels. Adhesives may also be provided within the bore of the tubular or semi-tubular rive~s or slu~s to be extruded into the clinched joint, as the rivets or slugs are deformed, to assist the bonding of the rivets or slugs to the panels.
FIG 1 is a sectional side view of a hollow rivet or tubular slug suitable for clinching two p nels of metal together;
FIGS 2 to 5 are sectional side views of the steps in a two-stage process of forming a clinched joint of a first emhodLment;
FIG 6 is a sectional side view of the clinched joint of the first embodLment;
FIG 7 is a sectional side view of a modif.ied ~ubular rivet or slug;
FIGS 8 to 11 are sectional side views of the steps in a single-stage process of fo ~ ng a clinched joint of ~ second embod~ment;
FIG 12 is a sectional side view of thP
clinched joint of the second embodiment;
FIG 13 is a sectional side view of a solid rivek or slu~;
FIGS 14 and 15 are sectional side ~iews of the steps of forming a clinched joint of a third embodiment;
35FIG 16 is a sectional side view of the ., WOg3/l0925 PCT/AU92~00631 ,, 2~23~6 clinched joint of the ~hird embodLment;
FIG 17 is a sectional side view of a semi-tubular rivet or slug;
FIGS 18 to 22 are sectional side views of the ~ 5 steps of forming a clinched joint of the fourth `" embodLment;
$ FIG 23 is a sectional side view of the clinched joint of the fourth embodLment;
FIG 24 is a (a) top plan, (b) sectional side, and (c) bot~om plan view of a ring;
~j FIG 2S is ~ sectional view of the clinched ! joint of the fifth embodiment;
FIG 26 is a sLmilar view of a modified form of the clinched joint of FIG 25;
FIG 27 is a (a~ top pl~n, (b) sectional side, and ~c) botto~ plan view of a c~mponent;
FIG 28 is a sectional side view of a clinched joint of a sixth embodiment;
FIG 29 is a s~milar v:iew ~f a modified form of the clinched joint of FIG 28;
FIG 30 is a (a~ top plan, (b~ sectional side, and (c) bottom plan view of a second component;
FIG 31 is a sectional side view of a clinched joint of a seventh embod ~ent; and FIG 32 is a sectional side view showing the ;; clinched joint of FIG 31 where the oompo~ent is supported in a die.
~ D~TAILED D ~ EMBODINENTS
i~ Referring now to~ FXGS 1 to 6, the t~bular rivet 10 of FIG 1 is driven into the metal panels to form the clinched joint 11 of FIG 6.
The metal panels 12, 13 to be joined together are supported on the die assembly 14 of a clinching tool(s~, the die assembly having e~pandable and contractable collets 16 associated with a collet holder ~ WO 93~10925 PCr/AlJ92~00631 2123~6 .: 7 17 and anvil lB arranged to allow the joint 11 to be ~', released when formed.
The ::linching tool 15 has a pre-cl ampir~g head 19 which clamps the metal panels 12, 13 to the die .i 5 asse~nbly and has internal ( sprîng~loa~ed) b~lls l9A to ~, locate and centralise the rivet 10. A punch 20 is slidably journalled in a sleeve 21, slidably journalled in the pre~clarnping head 19, and the punch 20 and sleeve 21 are co~nected to respective hydraulic rams ( not shown ) .
The operation of the clinching tool 15 s~Jill now be described.
After the metal panels 12, 13 are clam~ecl to the die assembly 14 by the pre-clamping head 19, the punch 20 is driven thr~ugh the rivet 10 into engage~nent '~t~ with the upper panel 12; the sleeve 2~ engaging the ri~et 10. The pun~h 20 and rivet 10 are ad~ranced to deform the metal panels 12, 13 into the die assenlbly 14 ( see FIG 4 3 . The sleeve 21 is then advanced to c:2luse ~j 2û the inn~er end of the rivet 10 to be outwardly-defonned ,~t ( see F~GS 5 and 6 ) .
The anvil 18 can be spring-loaded or forcibly raised as a post-forming operation against the punch 20 to assist in defor~LLng the rivet or slug.
The insertion ar~d deformation of the rivet - assists in lockir~g the metal panels 12, 13 together, with increase in the shear a~d axial separation strength~s) (ie. in the direction of arrows A and B, respectively).
The bore 22 of the rivet 10 may be threaded to recei~e ~ fastener or plug to support, ey. an electrical wirin~ loom or a plastic insert to form a flush cover for the clinched joint 11.
'! Referring now to FIGS 7 to 12, a modified ;,"J
i~l 35 tubular rivet 110 has a tapered end 12~ to its inner "
,, ~ WO93/10925 PCT/AU92/00631 .,.
?~23~ & 8 . bore 122.
' In this one-stage method, the sleeve 21 is `~eliminated and the punch 120 is slidably journalled in `.the pre~clamping head 119. The metal sheets 112, 113 ~,'!5 are supported by the die assembly 114 and clamped thereto by the clamping head 119. The punch'f~0 engages the rivet 110 (see FIG 9) and drives the rivet 110 into the metal panels 112, 113 which are deformed into the die assembly 114 (see FIG 10). The punch 120 is further .,;10 advanced (see FIG 113 to deform the inner end of the '~rivet 110 to form the clinched joint 111 (see FIG 12~.
;,,To increase the strength of the clinched joints 1.1, 111, a solid or semi-tubular rivet or slug may be used.
Referring now to FIGS 13 to 16, a solid slug 210 (FIG 13) has a concave recess 222 at its lower end ., and is used to form the clinched joint 211 of FIG 16.
The metal sheets 212, 213 are clamped to the die asse~bly 214 by the clamping head 219 ~see FIG 14).
The punch 220 is advanced to drive the slug 210 ~as an extension of the punch 2203 into the metal panels 212, 1i 213 to deform the panels into the die assembly 214 to ~j fo~m the clinched joint 211. It will be noted that the head of the sluy 210 is flush with ~he outer face of pa~el 212 and such a joi~t is suitable where aesthetic appeal is required, eg. on a visible surface of a vehicle body.
j The semi-tubular slug 310 (see FIG 17) has a tapered end 323 to its bore 322.
In the two-stage process shown in FIGS 18 to 23, the metal panels 312, 313 are pre-clamped to the die assembly 314 by the clamping head 319 and the punch 320 is advanced (see FIG 19) to form a conventional button-type clinched joint 311A (see FIG 20). The punch 320 is retracted and a semi-tubular slug 310 is placed in ~I23~86 `, g flf the clinching tool.
The pre-clamping head 319 clamps the panels (see FI~ 21) and the punch 320 is advanced to drive the slug 310 into the clinched joint 311A to deform the slug 310 to ~orm the clinched joint 311 (see FIG 23).
Referring now to FIGS 24 and 25, the~~rivets or slugs (10, 110, 210, 310) may be substituted by a Imetal or plastic) ring 410 which engages the lowff-ffr panel 413 ~,fto lock the clinched joint 411, the panels 412, 413 '110 being deformed into the divergently tapered bore 422 of the ring 410. The ring 410 is supported by a die ~,assembly (not shown) as the punch Inot shown~ deforms vfthe panels 412, 413, the ring 410 acting as the die : body.
15As shown in FIG 26, straps or clips 424 may ~e l~ fonmed integrally with the ring 410, eg, to secure ', wiring to a vehicle body. If re~uested, the ring 410 can be combined with the method of FIGS 17 to 23, where a solid or semi tubulfr slug is pressed into the f f ~20 clinched joint 411 to fo~m a flush surface with panel j~ 412.
A component 510 (see FIGS 27 to 29), with a tapered recess or bore ~22, and a screw-threaded hole 525 (as part of a sub-assembly - not shown) can also be employed as the die for the cl~nched joint Sll and provide a mou~t for the sub-assembly secured to the panels 512, 513.
As shown in FI~ 29, a solid slug 210 can be pressed into the clinched jaint 511. (The slug 210 may be screw-threaded and ha~e a slot, Philips-head slot or ~;an Allen-head recess to enable the slug 210 to be ~¦removed later if required for dis-assembly of the joint ~11. ) FIGS 30 to 32 show the attachment of a second 3~ component 610, with a bore 622 and a plain spigot (FIG
30) or screw-threaded end spigot 626 (FIG 31), secured 1, .~: WO 93/10925 PCr/AU92/00631 , .
' 10 3~ clinch-joint 611. ~The spigot may also be profiled, eg. engage~le in a catch or lock means. ~
FIG 32 shows the component 610 supported by a die assembly 614 during the clinching stepO
5In the methods shown in FIGS 24 to 26; 27 to 29; and 30 to 32, two panels 412, 413; 512,--513; 612, :~ 613 are shown secured in the ring ~10, and c:omponents 510, 610. The methods are al50 applicable to securing a single panel to the ring 410 on components 510, 610.
`;~ 10In addition, in all of the methods, on~ or '~ both panels may be a polymeric sheet ~ eg.
polypropylelle ), it being pref erred that the inner sheet , eg. 13 " 113 ) being the polymeric sheet and the die assembly may be heated at the location of the clinched . 15 joint to assist "flow" of the polymeric material.
~ For improved recycling, it is preferred t.. hat .~ the rivets 10, 110; slugs 210, 310; ring 410; or components 510~ 610 be of the same t~pe of material as ~he pane:ls as this will obviate the need for disass~ly of the join~s.
As an indication of the advantage of methods of ~he p:resent invention, the use of an 8mm solid ri.vet or slug in conjunction with a clinched joint increase the shear strength of a sheet metal joint by 50% and the strength to both the shear and axial separatian directions can be maintained within controlled limits, ~, unlike spot welds. This mea~s the number of clinched joints ca.n be much less th~n the number of spot welds, and the joints can also support sub-assemblies.
Various changes and modificatio~s may be made to the embodiments descr.ibed and illustrated without departing from the scope of the present invent.ion ., defined in the appended claims.
~............ . ..... ..
Claims (24)
1. A panel clinching method wherein:
a hollow rivet or tubular slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug is outwardly-deformed within the joint.
a hollow rivet or tubular slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug is outwardly-deformed within the joint.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein:
the rivet or slug is inserted into the clinched joint as the clinched joint is formed, the rivet or slug co-operating with a punch to deform the panels being joined into a supporting die.
the rivet or slug is inserted into the clinched joint as the clinched joint is formed, the rivet or slug co-operating with a punch to deform the panels being joined into a supporting die.
3. A method according to Claim 1 wherein:
the rivet or slug co operates with a punch to deform the panels being joined into a supporting die, and a sleeve external to the punch is advanced relative to the punch to deform the rivet or slug within the clinched joint.
the rivet or slug co operates with a punch to deform the panels being joined into a supporting die, and a sleeve external to the punch is advanced relative to the punch to deform the rivet or slug within the clinched joint.
4. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein:
the panels to be joined are pre-clamped to the die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint.
the panels to be joined are pre-clamped to the die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint.
5. An apparatus for effecting the method of claim 2 or Claim 4 including:
a die to support the panels to be joined;
and a punch having a nose receivable in a bore through the rivet or slug;
so arranged that the nose of the punch enters the bore and the punch is advanced so that the rivet or slug and the nose of the punch deform the panels into the clinched joint in the die, to outwardly-deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
a die to support the panels to be joined;
and a punch having a nose receivable in a bore through the rivet or slug;
so arranged that the nose of the punch enters the bore and the punch is advanced so that the rivet or slug and the nose of the punch deform the panels into the clinched joint in the die, to outwardly-deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
6. An apparatus for effecting the method of Claims 3 or 4 including:
a die to support the panels to be joined;
a punch having a nose receivable in a bore through the rivet or slug; an a sleeve external to the punch;
so arranged that the nose of the punch enters the bore and the punch is advanced so that the rivet or slug and the nose of the punch deform the panels into a clinched joint in the die; and the sleeve is then advanced to outwardly-deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
a die to support the panels to be joined;
a punch having a nose receivable in a bore through the rivet or slug; an a sleeve external to the punch;
so arranged that the nose of the punch enters the bore and the punch is advanced so that the rivet or slug and the nose of the punch deform the panels into a clinched joint in the die; and the sleeve is then advanced to outwardly-deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
7. An apparatus according to Claim 5 or Claim 6 wherein:
a pre-clamping head to clamp the panels to the die before the punch, and rivet or slug, is advanced.
a pre-clamping head to clamp the panels to the die before the punch, and rivet or slug, is advanced.
8. A clinched joint between two panels formed by the method of any one of Claims 1 to 4.
9. A panel clinching method wherein:
a solid or semi-tubular rivet or slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug is outwardly-deformed within the clinched joint.
a solid or semi-tubular rivet or slug is driven or inserted into a clinched joint and at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug is outwardly-deformed within the clinched joint.
10. A method according to Claim 9 wherein:
the rivet or slug is interposed between a punch and the outer of the panels to be joined, and the rivet or slug deform the panels into a die as the punch is advanced and the clinched joint is formed, the punch being further advanced to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug within the clinched joint.
the rivet or slug is interposed between a punch and the outer of the panels to be joined, and the rivet or slug deform the panels into a die as the punch is advanced and the clinched joint is formed, the punch being further advanced to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug within the clinched joint.
11. A method according to Claim 9 wherein:
a punch forms a conventional button-type clinched joint in the panels to be joined, the panels being supported by a die; and the rivet or slug is interposed between the punch and the clinched joint; and the punch is advanced to drive the rivet or slug into the clinched joint and then further advanced to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
a punch forms a conventional button-type clinched joint in the panels to be joined, the panels being supported by a die; and the rivet or slug is interposed between the punch and the clinched joint; and the punch is advanced to drive the rivet or slug into the clinched joint and then further advanced to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
12. A method according to any one of Claims 9 to 11 wherein:
the panels to be joined are pre-clamped to the die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint.
the panels to be joined are pre-clamped to the die before the punch drives the rivet or slug into the panels to form the clinched joint.
13. An apparatus for effecting the method of any one of Claims 9 to 12 including:
a die to support the panels to be joined;
and a punch to drive the rivet or slug, or the panels, into the die to deform the panels to form the clinched joint, and to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
a die to support the panels to be joined;
and a punch to drive the rivet or slug, or the panels, into the die to deform the panels to form the clinched joint, and to deform at least the inner end of the shank of the rivet or slug in the clinched joint.
14. An apparatus according to Claim 13 and further including:
a pre-clamping head to clamp the panels to the die before the punch, or rivet or slug, are advanced.
a pre-clamping head to clamp the panels to the die before the punch, or rivet or slug, are advanced.
15. A clinched joint between two panels formed by the method of any one of Claims 9 to 12.
16. A panel clinching method wherein:
a ring, or a component having a tapered bore recess, is supported by a die; and at least one panel is deformed into the ring, or the bore or recess, to form a clinched joint between the panel(s) and the ring or component.
a ring, or a component having a tapered bore recess, is supported by a die; and at least one panel is deformed into the ring, or the bore or recess, to form a clinched joint between the panel(s) and the ring or component.
17. A method according to Claim 16 wherein:
the panel(s) are deformed behind the ring or into engagement with the inwardly-divergently tapered wall of the bore or recess.
the panel(s) are deformed behind the ring or into engagement with the inwardly-divergently tapered wall of the bore or recess.
18. An apparatus for effecting the method of Claim 16 or Claim 17 including:
a die to support the ring or component, the panel(s) to be joined being supported by the ring or component; and a punch to deform the panel(s) into the ring, or the tapered bore or recess of the component, to form the clinched joint.
a die to support the ring or component, the panel(s) to be joined being supported by the ring or component; and a punch to deform the panel(s) into the ring, or the tapered bore or recess of the component, to form the clinched joint.
19. A clinched joint formed by the method of Claim 16 or Claim 17.
20. A panel clinching method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4; or Claims 9 to 12; or Claims 16 or 17;
wherein:
at least one panel is a metal sheet and at least one panel is a polymeric sheet, the polymeric sheet being pre-heated in the zone of the clinched joint to encourage the "flow" of the polymeric material as the panels are deformed.
wherein:
at least one panel is a metal sheet and at least one panel is a polymeric sheet, the polymeric sheet being pre-heated in the zone of the clinched joint to encourage the "flow" of the polymeric material as the panels are deformed.
21. A panel clinching method as claimed in any one of Claims 16, 17 or 20 wherein:
the ring or component is formed of metal or polymeric material.
the ring or component is formed of metal or polymeric material.
22. A panel clinching method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4; or Claims 9 to 12; or Claims 16 or 17; or Claims 20 or 21; wherein:
an adhesive is applied to the rivet, slug, ring or component to assist bonding between the panels and the rivet, slug, ring or component.
an adhesive is applied to the rivet, slug, ring or component to assist bonding between the panels and the rivet, slug, ring or component.
23. A panel clinching method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4 wherein:
an adhesive is applied to the bore of the tubular rivet or slug, the adhesive being extruded into the clinched joint when the tubular rivet or slug is deformed to assist bonding between the panels and the rivet or slug.
an adhesive is applied to the bore of the tubular rivet or slug, the adhesive being extruded into the clinched joint when the tubular rivet or slug is deformed to assist bonding between the panels and the rivet or slug.
24. A panel clinching method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4; or Claims 9 to 12; wherein:
the rivet or slug has a shank with external splines, grooves, teeth or other protrusions or recesses to provide additional grip between the rivet or slug and the panels in the clinched joint.
the rivet or slug has a shank with external splines, grooves, teeth or other protrusions or recesses to provide additional grip between the rivet or slug and the panels in the clinched joint.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPK9742 | 1991-11-27 | ||
| AUPK974291 | 1991-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2123886A1 true CA2123886A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002123886A Abandoned CA2123886A1 (en) | 1991-11-27 | 1992-11-25 | Improved panel clinching methods |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0614405B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3346566B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100270634B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1041287C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE186484T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9206821A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2123886A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69230291T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2141115T3 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN178893B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9206870A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993010925A1 (en) |
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| DE3824817A1 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-01-25 | Hilti Ag | METHOD FOR CONNECTING THIN COMPONENTS AND FASTENING ELEMENTS THEREFOR |
| DE3923182A1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Joining metal sheets together - involves punch and undercut die to cause sheets to interlock |
| DE4009813C1 (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-01-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De | Overlapping single metal components - are located on circular recess on matrix with groove ring along box of recess |
| AU643992B2 (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1993-12-02 | Edward Leslie Theodore Webb | Clinching tool for sheet metal joining |
| US6212322B1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2001-04-03 | Corning Incorporated | Positive dispersion low dispersion slope fiber |
-
1992
- 1992-11-25 CA CA002123886A patent/CA2123886A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-11-25 AT AT92923611T patent/ATE186484T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-25 JP JP50963593A patent/JP3346566B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 WO PCT/AU1992/000631 patent/WO1993010925A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-11-25 ES ES92923611T patent/ES2141115T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 EP EP92923611A patent/EP0614405B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 KR KR1019940701787A patent/KR100270634B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-25 DE DE69230291T patent/DE69230291T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 BR BR9206821A patent/BR9206821A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-26 IN IN862CA1992 patent/IN178893B/en unknown
- 1992-11-27 MX MX9206870A patent/MX9206870A/en unknown
- 1992-11-27 CN CN92114167A patent/CN1041287C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100270634B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 |
| MX9206870A (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| ES2141115T3 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| DE69230291T2 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
| ATE186484T1 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
| WO1993010925A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
| EP0614405B2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
| EP0614405A4 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| JPH07503663A (en) | 1995-04-20 |
| DE69230291D1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
| DE69230291T3 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
| BR9206821A (en) | 1995-12-12 |
| CN1078672A (en) | 1993-11-24 |
| EP0614405B1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
| EP0614405A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
| CN1041287C (en) | 1998-12-23 |
| JP3346566B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 |
| IN178893B (en) | 1997-07-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |