CA2123233A1 - A pressurised container for providing an effervescent liquid - Google Patents
A pressurised container for providing an effervescent liquidInfo
- Publication number
- CA2123233A1 CA2123233A1 CA 2123233 CA2123233A CA2123233A1 CA 2123233 A1 CA2123233 A1 CA 2123233A1 CA 2123233 CA2123233 CA 2123233 CA 2123233 A CA2123233 A CA 2123233A CA 2123233 A1 CA2123233 A1 CA 2123233A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- barrier
- container
- liquid
- gas
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/72—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials
- B65D85/73—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials with means specially adapted for effervescing the liquids, e.g. for forming bubbles or beer head
Abstract
A method and apparatus for producing a containerised liquid is described. A container (90) is provided with a barrier (92) mounted therein. A gas (97) is introduced into the container (90) prior to the barrier (92) and after the barrier (92), a liquid (96) is introduced. The liquid (96) is pressurised with the gas to a higher than atmospheric pressure. The barrier (92) is permeable to the gas but is substantially impermeable to liquid. When the container is opened by rupturing using the rupturing mechanism (91), the pressure of the liquid (96) closes the atmospheric pressure and gas on the other side of the barrier from the liquid flows through the barrier into the liquid.
Description
~WO93/10021 . PCT/GB92/021l1 2i~ 3`3', ., ~
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~ Pressuri~d CQntai~er for Providanq an Effer~esce~t 2 ~igYi~
'i 3 4 Th~ invention relates to a pressurised container for ` S pro~idi~g an effervescent liquid in a container and `I 6 especiallyj but n~t exc1usive1y, for re1easing a gas 7 such as carbon~dioxide or nitrogen into a consumable : 8 liquid, such as beer contained in a can.
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Traditionally~, it has not been possib1e to reprodu~e :11 the tas~e;and quality of~drau~ht beer in: b~er contain~d 12 in a can~: on~ of~h~ problems~ wit~ achie~ing ~his has 13~ been he~difficu1ty~of re1easing~a:gas, su~h as :14 ~nitrogen~into~canned beer~im~edlate1y b~fore the beer js ser~ed~
17: : In~:accordance with a firs aspect of the present 8~ inven~ion~ a~method o~ producing;a:contai~eris~d liquid 19 ~ Gomprises~-pro~iding a c~ntainer having a rupturable 20: wall portion,~ introdùcing a gas into the container, : 21 ~pro~iding in~the container a barrier which is gas-22~ pe~meable:and~i:s substantially impermeable to li~uid, 23~ in~roducing~a~liquid pressuris~d with gas in ~he 24; containe~ on~`the other side~of the barrier, and sea1ing ; :2:5 th~ container.
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l In accord~nce with a second aspect of the present - 2 invention, a pressurised container having a rupturable 3 wall portion comprises a barrier which is gas-permeable 4 and is substantially impermeable to a li~uid in the . 5 container, the barrier dividing the container Lnto . 6 first and second chambers, the barrier permitting 7 passage of a gas in the container between the chamb~rs 8 so that when the wa1l portion is ruptured to permit one 9 of the chambers to communicate with atmospheric `; lO pressure and creates a differential pr~ssure between . 11 the chan~ers, gas in the other cha~ber flows through.
l2 the barrier into the one chamber.
/i 14 Typically the barrier may comprise a material '.~ 15 impermea~le to li~uid and gas, and having a aperture . 16 th~rein, and a gas permeable material covering the 17 aperture. Typically, the aperture has a di~meter of ~: 18 O.OlO ta 0.0l5 inches and prefPrabIy is approximately l9 0O0l2 inche~.
.~ 21 Pre~erably the barrier is ~ixed in position before the 22 container is filled with liquid. ~owe~er, 23 alternatively the barrier could be fixed in position 24 after the contai~er is filled with liquid.
6 In a~cordance with a third aspec~ of the present r~l: 27 i~ve~tion~, a method of producing a container liquid 28 ; comprises~providing a co~tainer having a ruptura~le 23 wall portion, ~introducing a fluid in~o the container, providing in the container a barrier which is 31 substantially impermeable ~o the fluid on one side of 32 the barrier, the barri~r havin~ ~eans for selectively 33 allowin~ passage of the fluid through the ~arrier, 34 providing a liquid in the container on the other side of the barrier, and sealing the container.
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-~WO93/10021 212 3 2 3 3 PCT/GB92/02111 ` 3 .;
: 2 Preferahly, the means for selectively allowing passing 3 of the fluid is actuable on reduction of the pressure 4 of the liquid in the container. Said means is preferably a valve mechanism.
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7 Preferably, the rupturable wall portion comprises means 8 for opening the container ~hich is typically a 9 mechanism which when operated pro~ides an aperture in the con~ainer through which liquid in the container may ll be expelled. Typically, the mechanism may be, for 12 exampl~, a ring-pull mechanism or other mechanism which 13 enables the li~uid to be poured from the container.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present 16 invention, a pressurised container ha~ing a rupturable 17 wall portion includes a barri~r substantially 18 impermeable to a pressurising fluid and a li~uid in the l9 c~ntainer, the barrier:dividing the~container in~o ~irst and second chambers and includin~ a pressure l operable valve mechanism moYa~le between a elosed 22 position:and an~open position, the ~alve mechanism 23 allowing passage of the fluid~a~d/or liquid between the 24 chambers when~the~wall portion is ruptur~d to permit one of~the:chambers to commu~icate wi~h atmospheric 26 pressure to create a dif eren~ial pres~ure;betw~en the ~7 ~cham~ers,~the:~alve ~echanism pr~venting such pa~sage 28 when the pressures are egual, 2~ ~
In accordance~:with a further aspect of the pre~nt 31 i~vention, the~fifth aspect defined in the immediately :32 preceding paragraph may have an aperture through the :33 ~arrier in addition to or instead of the valve 34 mechanism, where~y on:pressurising the li~uid on one ~,:
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l side of the barrier a portion of the liquid passes 2 through the aperture to the other side of the barrier.
4 In accordance with a sixth aspect of the present invention~ a method of producing a containerise~ liquid ~ 6 comprises introducing a fluid into the container, l 7 providing in the container a barrier which is ¦ 8 su~stantially impermeable to the fluid and the liquid, ;l 9 so that the liquid is maintained on one side of the barrier, the barrier having means for selectively ll allowing passage of the fluid through the barrier, 12 introducing a liquid into the container on the other 13 side of the barrier, pressurising the liquid to 14 displace the barrier to pressurise the fluid, and sealing the container.
. 17 ~ref erably, the fluid comprises a gas which is : 18 typically car~on dioxide or nitrogen.
'i 19 .~. 20 $he liquid may be any consumable li~uidl for example, 21 water, juice, such as fruit juice. However, preferably 22 the liquid is an alcoholic drin~, such as beer, : ~3 24 Typically, the container is of a generally cylindrical shape w~th::o~e en~ open prior to receiving the fluid 26 and the liquid. Preferably, in thi~ case, the ~luid is 27 pressurised ~y-~compressing the fluid b~tw~en the other ~ 28 end o~ the~container and the barrier. TypicallyO after '~ 29 the pre~surised liquid is introduced into the containex, the open end is sealed. Reduction of the 31 pressure:of the liquid in the container is achieved by : 32 opening the container for example by op~rating the pull 33 mechanism on th~ container, which creates a pressure 34 di*feren~ial between the li~uid and the fluid.
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093/10021 212 3 ~ ~ 3 PCT/GB92/02111 . .
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l Preferably, the valve mechanism comprises a valve 2 member which seals an aperture in the barrier and the ; 3 valve mechanism opens when the pressure on the one side ; 4 of the barrier exceeds the pressure on the other side.
6 Typically, the apparatus may include a reservoir '.~! 7 portion ad~acent the barrier and liquid is expelled ~2 8 from the reservoir into the main body of liquid by flow . 9 o~ the fluid when the valve mechanism is opened.
ll The valv~ mechanism may comprise a movable portion o l~ the barrier which typically may be provi~ed by making a 13 portion of the material of the barrier flexible~
14 Preferably, the movable portion is movable between a first position in which the valve mechanism is closed 16 ~nd a second position in which ths valve mechanism is 17 open. Typically, the valve mechanism may be opened by 18 rupture of the movab;le portion of the barrier when the l9 movable portion moves to the second position.
Alternatively,~the valve mechanism could further 21 include a~ valve member which seals with the m~able 22 portion when the movable~p~rtion is in ~he first 23 ~ position~to prevent fluid passing~t~rough~the:valve 24 mechanism~bu~which doe~ not seal wit~the movable ~ portion~when~the mova~le portion moves to ~he second 26 ~position,:in o rder to pe~mit:fluid to pass through the 27 ; va~lve mechanism.
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29 In a fur~her alternati~`e, the valYe mechanism ~ay comprise a~valve fof thei 9Iwoodcroft~ type, and in this 3l case, the valve~mechanism may additionally include a 32 : de~ice which forms a sleeve:oYer the valve. ~he sleeve 33 may comprise at~least one aperture, such that when the 34 ~ v~lve mechanism opens, fluid is expeIled through the 35~:~ aperture in the valve sleeve.
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l Typically, the aperture in the valve sleeve may have a 2 diame~er of O.OlO to O.OlS inches, for example, 0.012 3 inches.
In a still further alternative, the valve mechanism may 6 comprise a "butterfly" type valve which has an enlar-ged 7 head portion, which is mo~able to seal or open an 8 aperture in the barrier.
g The pull mechanism may comprise a device on the top ll surface of the container so that when it is pulled to 12 rupture the wall portion it is retained on the 13 container. Alternatively, the pull mechanism may 14 comprise a device which is capable of being completely removed from the container.
17 The apparatus ~ay further have means to retain the 18 barrier in a fixed position after pressurisation of the l9. fluid. Typically, the means to retain the barrier in position~may comprise flanges on an ~dge of th~ baxrier ~l whicht engage with;a side wall of the container so that 22 ~he barrier may only be moved within the container in a 23 direction to pressurise:the fluid and which 24 substantially prevent t~e pressure of the f~uid causing reverse movement of the~barrier within the container.
27 Alternative1y,:or~in addition to ~langes on the edg~ of 28 ~ the barrier~, one or ~ore lugs may be provided on the 29 inside wall of the container to engage with and retain the barrier~in p~sition within the container.
32 Alternativély, or in addition the ~aans to retain the P
33 barrier in position may be by frictional force between 34 ~he edge of the~baxrier and the side wall o~ the container. The degree of frictional ~it of the barrier , ~ :
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, , 2123'~33 1 in the container may be achieved by adjusting the 2 diameter of the barrier and/or providing the barrier 3 with a side wall flange which engages the container 4 inside wall and the frictional force may be chosen by varying the length of the side wall flange.
7 Alternatively, the barrier could be fixed in position 8 after filling the container with the li~uid by carrying 9 relative movement between the barrier and the container, for example, by heating the content ~o 11 create a pressure differential to actuate a mechanism 12 on the barrier to loc~ the barrier in position. This 13 could comprise movable sections on th barrier which 14 are deflected ~y contact with the base of the containex to generate an increase in diameter of the barrier to 16 increase the frictional fit of the barriPr in the 17 con~ainer.
19 Alternatively, heating of the container may actuate an adhe~i~e located in t~e barrier and/or inside surface 21 of the container to ~ond the barrier to the inside of 22 the container.
24 As a~further alternative, the material of the barrier or a portion of the material of the barrier could 26 co~pr~ise~a material which swells when contacted wi~h 27 ~ liquid to increase frictional fit ~f ~he:barrier in ~he _j ~
:: : 28 can. Such~a material could be a plastic, such as nylon 29 or where the liquid is~to be consumed, a suitable food-safe plastic. : .
~; ~ 31 32 The apparatus may also have means to regulate and ' 33 control the pres ~nsertlon of the barrier ln o pressurised dUri~g~ yample ~hiS maY
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~ WO93/10021 21~ 3 2 3 3 PCT/CB92/021~
1 formed on the inside walls of the container so that ~ only a predetermined volume of flui~ is pressurised.
: 3 4 In a further example, this may comprise one or more S protuberances on the bottom surface of the bar~ier so 6 that a pre~etermined minimum volume of gas is ~, 7 pressurised.
.j 8 9 Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying ll drawings, in which:- .
~- 13 Fig. l is a cross-sectional view through a first . 14 example of a sealed can o~ beer;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view through the l6 b~ttom of the can of beer shown in Fig. l after 17 the can has been opened;
18 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional ~iew through a second l9 example of a sealed can of beer;
. 20 Fig. 4 ~is a cross-sectional view through a third `' 21 example of~ a~ealed can of beer, 22 Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view through a fourth :~ 23 example of a sealed can of beèr;
~ : 24 Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a fifth i~ 25 exa~ple of: a sealed can o~ beer;
26 Fig~ 7~is a cross-sectional view through a sixth ~i 27 example of a sealed can o~ ~eer;
:28 Fig.~8 is a~cross-sectional view through the ~` 29 bo~tom of the can~of beer shown in Fig. 7 after ,`,",'!; 30 the ~an has,been opened; and ! , :
: 3~ : Fig~. 9 is a~cross-sectional view through the :32 seventh~example of~ a sealed can of be~r; and 33 ~ig.:lO is an example of a lockable ~arrier for 34 use in the seven examples above~
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, ., ,~.,7 ~ WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 ~ 3 3 PCT/GB92/02111 1 Fig. 1 shows a can 1 which has a barrier 2 in the form 2 of a piston mounted within the can. The barrier 2 is 3 used to separate and isolate a pressurised gas 3 which 4 in this example is nitrogen, from bee~ 4 in the can 1.
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6 The barrier 2 includes a flexible portion 5 which is 7 form~d from the same ma~erial as the rest of the barrier 2 but which is of a reduced thickness.
g Typically, the barrier 2 could be moulded from a plastics material, such as polyethylene. In addition, 11 fl~nges 6 are formed on the outside surface 7 of the 12 barrier 2 and these flanges engage with the internal 13 wall of the can 1 and retain the barrier 2 in the 14 position shown in Fig. 1.
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16 The barrier 2 also comprises a valve member 8 mounted 17 in an aperture 9 in the flexible portion 5 and the head 18 of the valve member 8 seals against the flexible 19 portion 5~when t~e flexible portion 5 is in:the ~ position shown in Fig. 1.~ This prev nts the gas 3 or 21 the ~eer ~passing through the ape~ture 9 when the can 22 ~ is sealed.~On ~he top suface 11 of th2 can 1 is a i i : : : :
23 mechanism:~12 for~openi~g the can 1, such as a 24 ring-pull.
26 :: In order to~ fill the can 1 the~following procedur2 may 27 be~adopted.~ ni~ially the can~ when empty, is 8 ~floodèd~with~ni~rogen gas 3 and ~he barrier 2 is then 29 inserted in ~he~can 1 and pushed ~long the can to the pQsition sh~wn ini~Fig. 1. As the flange~ 6 seal wi~h;
31 the:internal walls of the can l the nitrogen gas 3 is 32 ~ prevented~from escaping past th~ barrier 2 and the 33 nitrogen gas 3~becomes pressurised due to the reduction 34 in volume. At;~his stage any excess pressure in t~e nitrogen gas 3 may be vented through the aperture 9 by . :
., : WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GBg2/02~.~J.
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1 exerting a force on an end lO of the valve member 8 in .. 2 order to open the valve.
,; , 4 When the desired pressure for the nitrogen gas 3 is obtained the can l is then filled with beer 4 ~hich 6 sits on top of the barrier 2 and is isolated from the 7 n.itrogen gas 3 by the bar~ier 2. The beer 4 is saturated with gas at a pressure similar to the 9 pressure o~ the nitrogen gas 3 so that when the can l is sealed the pressure of the ~eer 4 and the nitrogen ll gas 3 are approximately similar. Henc~ because of the 12 similarity in pressures between the beer 4 and the 13 nitrogen gas 3, the flexible portion 5 of the barrier 2 14 stays in its sealed position as shown in Fig. l.
l6 Referri~g now to Fig. 2, when th~ pressure of the can l 17 is released by a user opening the mechanism l2 the 18 resulting in~rease in the pressure differential between l9 the gas 3 and the beer 4 causes the fl~xible portion 5 o~ the barrier 2 ~o invert to the attitude shown in ~21 Fi~. 2. ~In this:a~titude the~head of the valve me~ber 22 ~ 8 cannot seal against the flexible portion 5 and so the 23 gas 3 escapes through the aperture:9 into the beer 4 in 24 order to create a drauqht beer~e~fect. Whe~ the can 1 ~ is opened ~he flanges 6 which engage with the side wall ~6 ~ o~ the can~1: ret~in the barrier 2 in ~he position sh~wn 27 ~ in Figs 1 and~2 against the action of the pressure 28~: different~ial~:between the gas 3 and the beer 4.
Hencej the above e~ample of the invention pro~id~s ! a~
31 method of simulating draught b2er in a can of beer by 32 using ~ piston type arrangement and a valve me~hanism.
34: In addition, lugs could be provided on the inside of 3s the can~to facilltate retention of the bar~ier 2 within ~, . :
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21232~3 _.WO93/10021 PCT/GB92/02t11 l the can l in the position shown in Figs. l and 2. As 2 an alternative to the valve member 8 and the aperture 3 9, the flexible portion 5 could be designed to rupture 4 when the pressure differential across the barrier increases as the can is opened and the pressur~ in the 6 beer 4 is reduced.
8 Fig. 3 shows a second example of the invention in which 9 a can l has a ~arrier 20 in the form of a piston mounted within the can l. The barrier 20 is used to ll separate and isolate the pressurised gas 3 from beer 4 12 in the c~n l, as with the example shown in Figs. l and . l3 2.
: 14 .; 15 The barrier 20 may be formed from a plastics material 16 and has an aperture 21 therethrough.
; 17 18 On the ~op surfac~ 23 of the can l, is a mechanism 24 .
l9 for opening the can l.
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21 In use, the can l:is flooded with nitrogen and the 22 piston 20~is pushed down inside the can to a 23 prede~ermined spacing frsm the base 22 o~ the can l~
24 Beer 4 is then delivered in~o~the can above the piston 20, às ~hown in Fig.~3.~ The can :is then ~ealed and is 2~ ~ heated to~pasteurise;the beer. During the heating 27 process the~pre:ssure of the gas in the be~r 4 ris~s, 28 causing:~some~ of the beer 4 to pa~s throug~ ~he aperture 2~ 21 in the piston 20. ~he beer 4 which enters the ~ cha~ber de~ined between ~h~ ~ase 22 o~ the can 1 and 31 the pis on 20 :pressurises the nitr~gen 3 within the 32 cha~er un~il the pressure within the chamber equalises .~;
: 33 the pressure of the beer 4.
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~ WO93/10021 ~ 2~3~ 12 PCT/~sB92/021 : l When, a~ter pasteurisation, t~e can is cooled, a 2 residual pressure is retained in the can 1 due to the 3 supersaturation of the beer 4 with the nitrogen 3. The 4 pressure within the can l is then greater than atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the beer 4 is 6 equal to the pressure within the chamber de~ined by the 7 base 22 and the piston 20.
. 8 9 When a user releases the pressure o~ the beer by opening the mechanism 24, there is a resulting pressure ll differential b~tween, on the one hand, the ~luid in the 12 chamber de~ined by the base 22 and the pis~on 20 and, ~3 on the other hand, the beer 4 above ths piston 20, so ` 14 nitrogen flows upwardly through the aperture 21 into <j 15 the beer 4, creating a draught beer effsct.
17 Hence, this example of the invention also provides a 18 mechanism in w~ich a f1uid may be released into a :~i l9 : liquid such as beer by using a small aperture 21 which creates a rush of the fluid 3 from the cha~ber into the 21 beer 4 when ~he pressure inside the can is released by 22 a user opening the can.
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çl; 24 Fig. 4 shows:a third exampl~ of ~ e invention in which : . 25 ~ a:piston 3~:is located in the can l to s~parate the 1~ 26 beer 4 ~rom:the~pres~surised gas 3. The piston 30 is i 27 ~typiGally manufactured from a plastics material and : ~ 28 com~rises ~ a Yalve 31 and a ~luid reserYoir 32. In this ~`~ 29 part~cular example the valve 31 is in the form of a ~i;ii ~ 30 ~ silicon tube which is designed so that i~ closes thq 31 : aperture in the piston 30 if the pressure of the beer 4 ~: 32 - is ~qual to or exceeds the pressure of the gas 3. The .~ 33 valve m mber 31 opens if the pressure of the gas 3 is `~}~ 34 greater than the pres~ure of the beer 4. On the top '`., -, , 2l2~2~
WO93/10021 PCT/GB9~/02111 l surface 33 of the can l, is a mechanism 34 for opening 2 the can l.
4 In use, the can is filled in a similar manner to that of the second example of the invention shown in Fig. 3 6 and when the can l i5 heated to pasteurise its contents 7 the barrier is forced towards the base 22 by the 8 pressure of the beer 4 and so pressurises the gas 3.
9 Henc~, when the pressure of the can l is xeleased by a user opening the mechanism 24 the pressurised gas 3 is ll greater than the pressure of the beer 4 which causes.
12 the valve 31 to opan and permit pressurised gas 3 ~o l3 expel the beer 4 in the reservoir 32 into the main body 14 of beer 4 which creates a swirling effect as well as releasing the pressurised gas 3 into the beer 4.
l6 17 Hence, this third example vf the invention pro~ides a 18 method of simulating draught beer in a can o~ beer by 19 using a barrier wi h a Yalve mechanism.
2 ~) 21 Fig. 5 shows~a fourth example of the i~ention in which 22 a can~40 has a barrier 41 in the form of a resili~nt 23 materi~l:retained in pssi~ion within the can 40 by 24 frictional~forces~ ~he barrier 41 i5 us~d to separate and isolate:a pre~suris~d:gas 42 ~rom the beer 43 in 26 the can 40~ as with the examples showm in Figs. 1 to 4.
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28 : ~he barrier i~typi~ally ~anufactured from a plastics 29 material and comprises ~ valve member 44 which closes an aperture in the barrier if the pressure o~ the 31 li~uid 43 is grea~r than or e~ual to the pressure of 32 the gas 42 0 In the example shown the valv~ member 44 3~ i5 a valYe of the "woodcroft" type. The valve 34 mechanism may also include a valve sleeve 45 which covers the valve me~ber 44 and has an aperture 46. On ?:
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WO 93/1~021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCI JGB92/021.? ' ~
; 14 ~ :i 1 the bottom surface of the barrier are pro~uberances 2 47, which ensure a minimum volume of gas 42, of about 3 15cc in a typical application. ~n the ~op surface 48 ; 4 of the can 40 is a mechanism 49 for opening the can 40.
; 6 In use, the can is filled in a similar manner to that 7 of the second and third examples of the invention shown 8 in Figs. 3 and 4. When th~ can is heated to pasteurise 9 its contents the barrier 41 is forced toward the base . 10 50 by the pressure of the beer 43 and so pressurises ; 11 the gas 42. When the pressure of the beer 43 is -, 12 greater than the pressure of the gas 42 the valve ;. 13 member 44 remains ~losed. When the pressure of the can ~ 14 40 is released by a user opening the mechanism 49, the `'/! 15 pressure of the pressurised gas 42 is greater than the 16 pressure of the beer 43 which causes the valve member ~`.J, ~ 17 4~ to open and permits gas 42 to flow up~ards through ~ 18 the valve member 44 into the valve sleev~ 45 and out .. 19 through the aperture 46 into the beer 43, creating a draught beer effect in the beer.
22 Fig. S shows a fifth example of the invention in which ~; 23 a can Sl has a barrier ~2 retained in position within 24 : the can 51 by frictional forces betwe~n the side skirt ; 25 of the barrier and the insid~i surface of the can 51.
~ ` 26 Th barrier 52 is used to separa~e and isolate a `~: 27 pres~urised gas 53 from beer 54 in th~ can 51 as with : 28 the example shown in Fig. 5.
. ! 29 The barri2r 52 may be ~ormed from a plas ics material : : 31 and has an aper ure ~5 ther~through, and an associated :~ : 32 va}ve mechanism 56 with a valve head 57. On ~he bottom ` 33 ~urface of the barrier 52 are form~d protruberances 5~
i; 3~ which ensure a minimum volume of gas 53, of about 15 cc .,.,': ~
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1 in a typical application. On the top surface 59 of the 2 can 51 is a mechanism 60 for opening the can 51.
4 In use the can 51 is filled in a manner similar to that of the second, third and fourth examples of the 6 invention as shown in Figs~ 3, 4 and 5. When the can 7 51 is heated to pasteurise its contents the barrier is 8 forced towards the base 61 by the pressure of the beer l ~ 54 and so pressurises the gas 53. When the pressure of ;~ 10 the beer 54 is greater than the pressure of the gas 53 - 11 the valve head 57 is forced downwards such that it 12 closes the aperture 55 in the ~arrier 52. When the ' 13 pressure of the can 51 is released by a user opening .'i 14 the mechanism 60, the pressure of the pressurised gas ~ 15 53 is greater than the pressure of the beer 54 which , . .
. 16 causPs the head of the val~e member 57 to be pu~hed ,, ~ 17 ~pwards allowing gas 53 to flow upwards through the ,j 18 ~aperture 55 into the beer 54, creating a draught beer 19 effect in the beer 54 in the can 51.
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Zl Fig. 7 shows a s1xth example of the in~ention in which 2Z a can 70 comprises a barrier 71 retained in position 23 within th~ can 70 by~frictional for~es. The barrier 71 24 is used to separa~e~and i~olate a pressurised gas 72 : from the beer 73~in the can 60. The barriex 71 is 26 typically~:manufactured from a semi-rigid plastics 27 material:and~comprises a valve member 74, a valve 28 sleeve 75 and~:protruberance~ 76 on the bottom surface ~9 of the barrier 71. Th~ valve sleeve 75 includes two 3~ ~ apertures 77 and 78 located in ~he side and top ! ' 31~ surfa e respec ively of the ~alve sleeve. On the top 32 surface of;the can is à mechanism 80 for opening the .~", ~ :
33 can 70.
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; 212323'~ 16 .:, ; l In use, the can 70 is filled in a manner similar to 2 that of examples 2 to 5 of the invention, as shown in 3 Figs. 3 to 6~ When the can 70 is heated to pasteurise 4 its contents, the barrier 71 is forced downwards : 5 toward the ~ase 71 by the pressure of the beer-73 and '.......... 6 so pressurises the gas 72. Th~ protruberances 76 7 ensure a minimum volume of gas 72, of about 15 cc in a 8 typical application. The barrier 71 is retained in 9 position by frictional force between a skirt 80 of the 13 barrier 71 and the side wall of the can 70.
'' 11 12 When the pres~ure of the beer 73 is greater than the 13 prsssure of the gas 72, the valve member 74 remains 14 closed and in a substantially vertical attitude, which ~'`! 15 allows the beer 73 to enter the sleeve 7S through the :', 16 apertures 77 and 78 in the above sleeve 75.
~: l7 . 18 Referring now to Fig. 8, when the pressure i~ the can .. l9 70 is released by ~ user opening the mechanism 80 to . 20 provid~ an aperture 82, the pres~ure of the pressurised `~ ! 21 gas 72 is sreater than the pressure of the beer 73 and s 22 the gas 72~flows upwards through th~ valve member 74 ` 23 which causes it to open and tilt towards the attitude :~ 24 shown in:Fig~ 8. In this attitud0, the valYe member 74 seals the aperture 77 on the side sur~ace of the val~e 26 sleeve 7~5. This permits the pressurised gas 72 to flow 27: upwards through the valve member 74 into the valve 8 sleeve 75 and expel beer 73 in the.~alve sleeve 75 ~J,!l~ 29 through the aperture 7~. This creates a rush of li~uid ~; 30 and gas into ~he beer 73 creating a draught beer effect .~`. 31 in the beer in the can 70.
~ 33 Fig. 9 shows a seventh example of a sealed can of beer ;~`'. : 34 ~0. The can 90 comprises a valve 9l w~ich is ~;~ ` 35 typically~ in the form of a ring-pull type closure.
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WO93~10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GB92/02111 l The can 9O contains a barrier 92 which comprises a body 2 member 93 made of a substantially rigid material, such 3 as a plastic which has an aperture 9S therein.
4 Extending across the aperture 95 is a micro-porous membrane 94 which is gas permeable but is substantially 6 impermeable to liquid, such as beer 96 in the can 90.
7 ~ocated below the membrane 94 is a gas space 97.
8 Typically, the aperture 95 has a diameter of 9 approximately 0.012 inches.
ll The barrier 93 may be ~ixed in position, ~or sxample, .l 12 by adhesive, by flanges in the inside of t~e can 90, or 13 by manufacturing the body member 93 from a material, 14 such as a plastic, which swells when in contact with the beer 9~ to increase the frictional fit of the 16 barrier 92 in the container 90.
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18 The membrane 94 permits equalisation of pressure l9 ~tween the:beer 96 and air space 97 when the cam 9O is 1 20 stored. ~However, when the ring-pull 9l is opened the 21 ~pressure in the beer 96 where the barrier 92 drops to 22 ~:atmospheric pressure, which creates a pressure : 23 ~iffer~ntial across the barrier~:92. This causes gas in 24 the space 97-to~pass~through the:membrane 94 and through the~aperture 95 and so into the beer 96 above 6 ~ the barrier 92. :The ~ize of the aperture 95 is chosen 2:7 so as to~create a rush of gas through the aperture 9S
: 28~ which~create~a drauqht beer effect in the beer 96.
~2'`'', ~ ~ 30 ~ Fig. lO shows a barrier lO2 which could be used with, 31 any o* the seYen~ examples described above. In Fig. lO
3~2 the barrier~lO2 is positioned in a can lOO with the 33 ~ bottom edges:of central portion 103 contac~ing the base 34 10l of ~he can 100. As side flanges 104 of the barrier 1~2 are fixed ~urther towards the base lOl, in the WO93/l0021 2123~33 18 PCr/GB92/02l ~
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: 1 direction of arrows 105, the intermediate portion 106 2 o~ the barrier 102 moves in the direction of arrows 3 107. When the flange 104 has reached the position 4 shown in phantom in Fig. 10, the intermediate portion 106 is also in the position shown in phantom. In the 6 position shown in phantom, the portion 106 forces the , 7 flange 104 in outwardly in the direction of arrows 108 8 to increase the frictional fit of the barrier ~02 in 9 the can 100 and lock the barrier 102 in position in the canO The dimension and design of the intermediate 11 portion 102 is chosen so that the intermediate portion 12 102 locks into the position shown in phantom and does 13 not revert to its original position, for example, 14 because the pressure below the barrier 102 i5 greater ` 15 than the pressure above, as would occur when a sealed - 16 can of beer is opened.
.~ 17 18 The barrier 102 may ~e manufactured from a plastic 19 material and the int2rmediate portion 102 coupled tv the central portion 103 and flange 104 by plastic webs : 21 which act as hinges.
.l,,j .. 22 u 23 This type of lock mechanism may be used to lock the 24 barrier 102 in position before liquid such as b~er is inserted into the can 100, or alternatively may 26 activate during pasteurisation of the beer wh~n the 2~ barrier is:~orced to travel towards the base of the can ~, 28 due to pressure di~ferentials due to the pasteurisation ~i 29 process.
; 31 Similarly, with appropriate modification and/or 3~ additions to the ~entral se~tion 103, ~he barrier 102 33 could be used with valve mechanisms and/or a ~as-34 permeable membrane, such as a micro-porous membrane.
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. ~ ., 'i` ' .! ','1 ~ WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GBg2/02111 ,' 19 : 1Modifications and improvements may be incorpora~ed 2 without departing from the scope of the invention.
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~ Pressuri~d CQntai~er for Providanq an Effer~esce~t 2 ~igYi~
'i 3 4 Th~ invention relates to a pressurised container for ` S pro~idi~g an effervescent liquid in a container and `I 6 especiallyj but n~t exc1usive1y, for re1easing a gas 7 such as carbon~dioxide or nitrogen into a consumable : 8 liquid, such as beer contained in a can.
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Traditionally~, it has not been possib1e to reprodu~e :11 the tas~e;and quality of~drau~ht beer in: b~er contain~d 12 in a can~: on~ of~h~ problems~ wit~ achie~ing ~his has 13~ been he~difficu1ty~of re1easing~a:gas, su~h as :14 ~nitrogen~into~canned beer~im~edlate1y b~fore the beer js ser~ed~
17: : In~:accordance with a firs aspect of the present 8~ inven~ion~ a~method o~ producing;a:contai~eris~d liquid 19 ~ Gomprises~-pro~iding a c~ntainer having a rupturable 20: wall portion,~ introdùcing a gas into the container, : 21 ~pro~iding in~the container a barrier which is gas-22~ pe~meable:and~i:s substantially impermeable to li~uid, 23~ in~roducing~a~liquid pressuris~d with gas in ~he 24; containe~ on~`the other side~of the barrier, and sea1ing ; :2:5 th~ container.
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. WO93/10021 2 1~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 2 PCT/GB92/021~
l In accord~nce with a second aspect of the present - 2 invention, a pressurised container having a rupturable 3 wall portion comprises a barrier which is gas-permeable 4 and is substantially impermeable to a li~uid in the . 5 container, the barrier dividing the container Lnto . 6 first and second chambers, the barrier permitting 7 passage of a gas in the container between the chamb~rs 8 so that when the wa1l portion is ruptured to permit one 9 of the chambers to communicate with atmospheric `; lO pressure and creates a differential pr~ssure between . 11 the chan~ers, gas in the other cha~ber flows through.
l2 the barrier into the one chamber.
/i 14 Typically the barrier may comprise a material '.~ 15 impermea~le to li~uid and gas, and having a aperture . 16 th~rein, and a gas permeable material covering the 17 aperture. Typically, the aperture has a di~meter of ~: 18 O.OlO ta 0.0l5 inches and prefPrabIy is approximately l9 0O0l2 inche~.
.~ 21 Pre~erably the barrier is ~ixed in position before the 22 container is filled with liquid. ~owe~er, 23 alternatively the barrier could be fixed in position 24 after the contai~er is filled with liquid.
6 In a~cordance with a third aspec~ of the present r~l: 27 i~ve~tion~, a method of producing a container liquid 28 ; comprises~providing a co~tainer having a ruptura~le 23 wall portion, ~introducing a fluid in~o the container, providing in the container a barrier which is 31 substantially impermeable ~o the fluid on one side of 32 the barrier, the barri~r havin~ ~eans for selectively 33 allowin~ passage of the fluid through the ~arrier, 34 providing a liquid in the container on the other side of the barrier, and sealing the container.
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: 2 Preferahly, the means for selectively allowing passing 3 of the fluid is actuable on reduction of the pressure 4 of the liquid in the container. Said means is preferably a valve mechanism.
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7 Preferably, the rupturable wall portion comprises means 8 for opening the container ~hich is typically a 9 mechanism which when operated pro~ides an aperture in the con~ainer through which liquid in the container may ll be expelled. Typically, the mechanism may be, for 12 exampl~, a ring-pull mechanism or other mechanism which 13 enables the li~uid to be poured from the container.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present 16 invention, a pressurised container ha~ing a rupturable 17 wall portion includes a barri~r substantially 18 impermeable to a pressurising fluid and a li~uid in the l9 c~ntainer, the barrier:dividing the~container in~o ~irst and second chambers and includin~ a pressure l operable valve mechanism moYa~le between a elosed 22 position:and an~open position, the ~alve mechanism 23 allowing passage of the fluid~a~d/or liquid between the 24 chambers when~the~wall portion is ruptur~d to permit one of~the:chambers to commu~icate wi~h atmospheric 26 pressure to create a dif eren~ial pres~ure;betw~en the ~7 ~cham~ers,~the:~alve ~echanism pr~venting such pa~sage 28 when the pressures are egual, 2~ ~
In accordance~:with a further aspect of the pre~nt 31 i~vention, the~fifth aspect defined in the immediately :32 preceding paragraph may have an aperture through the :33 ~arrier in addition to or instead of the valve 34 mechanism, where~y on:pressurising the li~uid on one ~,:
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l side of the barrier a portion of the liquid passes 2 through the aperture to the other side of the barrier.
4 In accordance with a sixth aspect of the present invention~ a method of producing a containerise~ liquid ~ 6 comprises introducing a fluid into the container, l 7 providing in the container a barrier which is ¦ 8 su~stantially impermeable to the fluid and the liquid, ;l 9 so that the liquid is maintained on one side of the barrier, the barrier having means for selectively ll allowing passage of the fluid through the barrier, 12 introducing a liquid into the container on the other 13 side of the barrier, pressurising the liquid to 14 displace the barrier to pressurise the fluid, and sealing the container.
. 17 ~ref erably, the fluid comprises a gas which is : 18 typically car~on dioxide or nitrogen.
'i 19 .~. 20 $he liquid may be any consumable li~uidl for example, 21 water, juice, such as fruit juice. However, preferably 22 the liquid is an alcoholic drin~, such as beer, : ~3 24 Typically, the container is of a generally cylindrical shape w~th::o~e en~ open prior to receiving the fluid 26 and the liquid. Preferably, in thi~ case, the ~luid is 27 pressurised ~y-~compressing the fluid b~tw~en the other ~ 28 end o~ the~container and the barrier. TypicallyO after '~ 29 the pre~surised liquid is introduced into the containex, the open end is sealed. Reduction of the 31 pressure:of the liquid in the container is achieved by : 32 opening the container for example by op~rating the pull 33 mechanism on th~ container, which creates a pressure 34 di*feren~ial between the li~uid and the fluid.
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093/10021 212 3 ~ ~ 3 PCT/GB92/02111 . .
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l Preferably, the valve mechanism comprises a valve 2 member which seals an aperture in the barrier and the ; 3 valve mechanism opens when the pressure on the one side ; 4 of the barrier exceeds the pressure on the other side.
6 Typically, the apparatus may include a reservoir '.~! 7 portion ad~acent the barrier and liquid is expelled ~2 8 from the reservoir into the main body of liquid by flow . 9 o~ the fluid when the valve mechanism is opened.
ll The valv~ mechanism may comprise a movable portion o l~ the barrier which typically may be provi~ed by making a 13 portion of the material of the barrier flexible~
14 Preferably, the movable portion is movable between a first position in which the valve mechanism is closed 16 ~nd a second position in which ths valve mechanism is 17 open. Typically, the valve mechanism may be opened by 18 rupture of the movab;le portion of the barrier when the l9 movable portion moves to the second position.
Alternatively,~the valve mechanism could further 21 include a~ valve member which seals with the m~able 22 portion when the movable~p~rtion is in ~he first 23 ~ position~to prevent fluid passing~t~rough~the:valve 24 mechanism~bu~which doe~ not seal wit~the movable ~ portion~when~the mova~le portion moves to ~he second 26 ~position,:in o rder to pe~mit:fluid to pass through the 27 ; va~lve mechanism.
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29 In a fur~her alternati~`e, the valYe mechanism ~ay comprise a~valve fof thei 9Iwoodcroft~ type, and in this 3l case, the valve~mechanism may additionally include a 32 : de~ice which forms a sleeve:oYer the valve. ~he sleeve 33 may comprise at~least one aperture, such that when the 34 ~ v~lve mechanism opens, fluid is expeIled through the 35~:~ aperture in the valve sleeve.
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l Typically, the aperture in the valve sleeve may have a 2 diame~er of O.OlO to O.OlS inches, for example, 0.012 3 inches.
In a still further alternative, the valve mechanism may 6 comprise a "butterfly" type valve which has an enlar-ged 7 head portion, which is mo~able to seal or open an 8 aperture in the barrier.
g The pull mechanism may comprise a device on the top ll surface of the container so that when it is pulled to 12 rupture the wall portion it is retained on the 13 container. Alternatively, the pull mechanism may 14 comprise a device which is capable of being completely removed from the container.
17 The apparatus ~ay further have means to retain the 18 barrier in a fixed position after pressurisation of the l9. fluid. Typically, the means to retain the barrier in position~may comprise flanges on an ~dge of th~ baxrier ~l whicht engage with;a side wall of the container so that 22 ~he barrier may only be moved within the container in a 23 direction to pressurise:the fluid and which 24 substantially prevent t~e pressure of the f~uid causing reverse movement of the~barrier within the container.
27 Alternative1y,:or~in addition to ~langes on the edg~ of 28 ~ the barrier~, one or ~ore lugs may be provided on the 29 inside wall of the container to engage with and retain the barrier~in p~sition within the container.
32 Alternativély, or in addition the ~aans to retain the P
33 barrier in position may be by frictional force between 34 ~he edge of the~baxrier and the side wall o~ the container. The degree of frictional ~it of the barrier , ~ :
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, , 2123'~33 1 in the container may be achieved by adjusting the 2 diameter of the barrier and/or providing the barrier 3 with a side wall flange which engages the container 4 inside wall and the frictional force may be chosen by varying the length of the side wall flange.
7 Alternatively, the barrier could be fixed in position 8 after filling the container with the li~uid by carrying 9 relative movement between the barrier and the container, for example, by heating the content ~o 11 create a pressure differential to actuate a mechanism 12 on the barrier to loc~ the barrier in position. This 13 could comprise movable sections on th barrier which 14 are deflected ~y contact with the base of the containex to generate an increase in diameter of the barrier to 16 increase the frictional fit of the barriPr in the 17 con~ainer.
19 Alternatively, heating of the container may actuate an adhe~i~e located in t~e barrier and/or inside surface 21 of the container to ~ond the barrier to the inside of 22 the container.
24 As a~further alternative, the material of the barrier or a portion of the material of the barrier could 26 co~pr~ise~a material which swells when contacted wi~h 27 ~ liquid to increase frictional fit ~f ~he:barrier in ~he _j ~
:: : 28 can. Such~a material could be a plastic, such as nylon 29 or where the liquid is~to be consumed, a suitable food-safe plastic. : .
~; ~ 31 32 The apparatus may also have means to regulate and ' 33 control the pres ~nsertlon of the barrier ln o pressurised dUri~g~ yample ~hiS maY
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~ WO93/10021 21~ 3 2 3 3 PCT/CB92/021~
1 formed on the inside walls of the container so that ~ only a predetermined volume of flui~ is pressurised.
: 3 4 In a further example, this may comprise one or more S protuberances on the bottom surface of the bar~ier so 6 that a pre~etermined minimum volume of gas is ~, 7 pressurised.
.j 8 9 Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying ll drawings, in which:- .
~- 13 Fig. l is a cross-sectional view through a first . 14 example of a sealed can o~ beer;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view through the l6 b~ttom of the can of beer shown in Fig. l after 17 the can has been opened;
18 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional ~iew through a second l9 example of a sealed can of beer;
. 20 Fig. 4 ~is a cross-sectional view through a third `' 21 example of~ a~ealed can of beer, 22 Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view through a fourth :~ 23 example of a sealed can of beèr;
~ : 24 Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a fifth i~ 25 exa~ple of: a sealed can o~ beer;
26 Fig~ 7~is a cross-sectional view through a sixth ~i 27 example of a sealed can o~ ~eer;
:28 Fig.~8 is a~cross-sectional view through the ~` 29 bo~tom of the can~of beer shown in Fig. 7 after ,`,",'!; 30 the ~an has,been opened; and ! , :
: 3~ : Fig~. 9 is a~cross-sectional view through the :32 seventh~example of~ a sealed can of be~r; and 33 ~ig.:lO is an example of a lockable ~arrier for 34 use in the seven examples above~
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, ., ,~.,7 ~ WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 ~ 3 3 PCT/GB92/02111 1 Fig. 1 shows a can 1 which has a barrier 2 in the form 2 of a piston mounted within the can. The barrier 2 is 3 used to separate and isolate a pressurised gas 3 which 4 in this example is nitrogen, from bee~ 4 in the can 1.
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6 The barrier 2 includes a flexible portion 5 which is 7 form~d from the same ma~erial as the rest of the barrier 2 but which is of a reduced thickness.
g Typically, the barrier 2 could be moulded from a plastics material, such as polyethylene. In addition, 11 fl~nges 6 are formed on the outside surface 7 of the 12 barrier 2 and these flanges engage with the internal 13 wall of the can 1 and retain the barrier 2 in the 14 position shown in Fig. 1.
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16 The barrier 2 also comprises a valve member 8 mounted 17 in an aperture 9 in the flexible portion 5 and the head 18 of the valve member 8 seals against the flexible 19 portion 5~when t~e flexible portion 5 is in:the ~ position shown in Fig. 1.~ This prev nts the gas 3 or 21 the ~eer ~passing through the ape~ture 9 when the can 22 ~ is sealed.~On ~he top suface 11 of th2 can 1 is a i i : : : :
23 mechanism:~12 for~openi~g the can 1, such as a 24 ring-pull.
26 :: In order to~ fill the can 1 the~following procedur2 may 27 be~adopted.~ ni~ially the can~ when empty, is 8 ~floodèd~with~ni~rogen gas 3 and ~he barrier 2 is then 29 inserted in ~he~can 1 and pushed ~long the can to the pQsition sh~wn ini~Fig. 1. As the flange~ 6 seal wi~h;
31 the:internal walls of the can l the nitrogen gas 3 is 32 ~ prevented~from escaping past th~ barrier 2 and the 33 nitrogen gas 3~becomes pressurised due to the reduction 34 in volume. At;~his stage any excess pressure in t~e nitrogen gas 3 may be vented through the aperture 9 by . :
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1 exerting a force on an end lO of the valve member 8 in .. 2 order to open the valve.
,; , 4 When the desired pressure for the nitrogen gas 3 is obtained the can l is then filled with beer 4 ~hich 6 sits on top of the barrier 2 and is isolated from the 7 n.itrogen gas 3 by the bar~ier 2. The beer 4 is saturated with gas at a pressure similar to the 9 pressure o~ the nitrogen gas 3 so that when the can l is sealed the pressure of the ~eer 4 and the nitrogen ll gas 3 are approximately similar. Henc~ because of the 12 similarity in pressures between the beer 4 and the 13 nitrogen gas 3, the flexible portion 5 of the barrier 2 14 stays in its sealed position as shown in Fig. l.
l6 Referri~g now to Fig. 2, when th~ pressure of the can l 17 is released by a user opening the mechanism l2 the 18 resulting in~rease in the pressure differential between l9 the gas 3 and the beer 4 causes the fl~xible portion 5 o~ the barrier 2 ~o invert to the attitude shown in ~21 Fi~. 2. ~In this:a~titude the~head of the valve me~ber 22 ~ 8 cannot seal against the flexible portion 5 and so the 23 gas 3 escapes through the aperture:9 into the beer 4 in 24 order to create a drauqht beer~e~fect. Whe~ the can 1 ~ is opened ~he flanges 6 which engage with the side wall ~6 ~ o~ the can~1: ret~in the barrier 2 in ~he position sh~wn 27 ~ in Figs 1 and~2 against the action of the pressure 28~: different~ial~:between the gas 3 and the beer 4.
Hencej the above e~ample of the invention pro~id~s ! a~
31 method of simulating draught b2er in a can of beer by 32 using ~ piston type arrangement and a valve me~hanism.
34: In addition, lugs could be provided on the inside of 3s the can~to facilltate retention of the bar~ier 2 within ~, . :
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21232~3 _.WO93/10021 PCT/GB92/02t11 l the can l in the position shown in Figs. l and 2. As 2 an alternative to the valve member 8 and the aperture 3 9, the flexible portion 5 could be designed to rupture 4 when the pressure differential across the barrier increases as the can is opened and the pressur~ in the 6 beer 4 is reduced.
8 Fig. 3 shows a second example of the invention in which 9 a can l has a ~arrier 20 in the form of a piston mounted within the can l. The barrier 20 is used to ll separate and isolate the pressurised gas 3 from beer 4 12 in the c~n l, as with the example shown in Figs. l and . l3 2.
: 14 .; 15 The barrier 20 may be formed from a plastics material 16 and has an aperture 21 therethrough.
; 17 18 On the ~op surfac~ 23 of the can l, is a mechanism 24 .
l9 for opening the can l.
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21 In use, the can l:is flooded with nitrogen and the 22 piston 20~is pushed down inside the can to a 23 prede~ermined spacing frsm the base 22 o~ the can l~
24 Beer 4 is then delivered in~o~the can above the piston 20, às ~hown in Fig.~3.~ The can :is then ~ealed and is 2~ ~ heated to~pasteurise;the beer. During the heating 27 process the~pre:ssure of the gas in the be~r 4 ris~s, 28 causing:~some~ of the beer 4 to pa~s throug~ ~he aperture 2~ 21 in the piston 20. ~he beer 4 which enters the ~ cha~ber de~ined between ~h~ ~ase 22 o~ the can 1 and 31 the pis on 20 :pressurises the nitr~gen 3 within the 32 cha~er un~il the pressure within the chamber equalises .~;
: 33 the pressure of the beer 4.
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~ WO93/10021 ~ 2~3~ 12 PCT/~sB92/021 : l When, a~ter pasteurisation, t~e can is cooled, a 2 residual pressure is retained in the can 1 due to the 3 supersaturation of the beer 4 with the nitrogen 3. The 4 pressure within the can l is then greater than atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the beer 4 is 6 equal to the pressure within the chamber de~ined by the 7 base 22 and the piston 20.
. 8 9 When a user releases the pressure o~ the beer by opening the mechanism 24, there is a resulting pressure ll differential b~tween, on the one hand, the ~luid in the 12 chamber de~ined by the base 22 and the pis~on 20 and, ~3 on the other hand, the beer 4 above ths piston 20, so ` 14 nitrogen flows upwardly through the aperture 21 into <j 15 the beer 4, creating a draught beer effsct.
17 Hence, this example of the invention also provides a 18 mechanism in w~ich a f1uid may be released into a :~i l9 : liquid such as beer by using a small aperture 21 which creates a rush of the fluid 3 from the cha~ber into the 21 beer 4 when ~he pressure inside the can is released by 22 a user opening the can.
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çl; 24 Fig. 4 shows:a third exampl~ of ~ e invention in which : . 25 ~ a:piston 3~:is located in the can l to s~parate the 1~ 26 beer 4 ~rom:the~pres~surised gas 3. The piston 30 is i 27 ~typiGally manufactured from a plastics material and : ~ 28 com~rises ~ a Yalve 31 and a ~luid reserYoir 32. In this ~`~ 29 part~cular example the valve 31 is in the form of a ~i;ii ~ 30 ~ silicon tube which is designed so that i~ closes thq 31 : aperture in the piston 30 if the pressure of the beer 4 ~: 32 - is ~qual to or exceeds the pressure of the gas 3. The .~ 33 valve m mber 31 opens if the pressure of the gas 3 is `~}~ 34 greater than the pres~ure of the beer 4. On the top '`., -, , 2l2~2~
WO93/10021 PCT/GB9~/02111 l surface 33 of the can l, is a mechanism 34 for opening 2 the can l.
4 In use, the can is filled in a similar manner to that of the second example of the invention shown in Fig. 3 6 and when the can l i5 heated to pasteurise its contents 7 the barrier is forced towards the base 22 by the 8 pressure of the beer 4 and so pressurises the gas 3.
9 Henc~, when the pressure of the can l is xeleased by a user opening the mechanism 24 the pressurised gas 3 is ll greater than the pressure of the beer 4 which causes.
12 the valve 31 to opan and permit pressurised gas 3 ~o l3 expel the beer 4 in the reservoir 32 into the main body 14 of beer 4 which creates a swirling effect as well as releasing the pressurised gas 3 into the beer 4.
l6 17 Hence, this third example vf the invention pro~ides a 18 method of simulating draught beer in a can o~ beer by 19 using a barrier wi h a Yalve mechanism.
2 ~) 21 Fig. 5 shows~a fourth example of the i~ention in which 22 a can~40 has a barrier 41 in the form of a resili~nt 23 materi~l:retained in pssi~ion within the can 40 by 24 frictional~forces~ ~he barrier 41 i5 us~d to separate and isolate:a pre~suris~d:gas 42 ~rom the beer 43 in 26 the can 40~ as with the examples showm in Figs. 1 to 4.
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28 : ~he barrier i~typi~ally ~anufactured from a plastics 29 material and comprises ~ valve member 44 which closes an aperture in the barrier if the pressure o~ the 31 li~uid 43 is grea~r than or e~ual to the pressure of 32 the gas 42 0 In the example shown the valv~ member 44 3~ i5 a valYe of the "woodcroft" type. The valve 34 mechanism may also include a valve sleeve 45 which covers the valve me~ber 44 and has an aperture 46. On ?:
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; 14 ~ :i 1 the bottom surface of the barrier are pro~uberances 2 47, which ensure a minimum volume of gas 42, of about 3 15cc in a typical application. ~n the ~op surface 48 ; 4 of the can 40 is a mechanism 49 for opening the can 40.
; 6 In use, the can is filled in a similar manner to that 7 of the second and third examples of the invention shown 8 in Figs. 3 and 4. When th~ can is heated to pasteurise 9 its contents the barrier 41 is forced toward the base . 10 50 by the pressure of the beer 43 and so pressurises ; 11 the gas 42. When the pressure of the beer 43 is -, 12 greater than the pressure of the gas 42 the valve ;. 13 member 44 remains ~losed. When the pressure of the can ~ 14 40 is released by a user opening the mechanism 49, the `'/! 15 pressure of the pressurised gas 42 is greater than the 16 pressure of the beer 43 which causes the valve member ~`.J, ~ 17 4~ to open and permits gas 42 to flow up~ards through ~ 18 the valve member 44 into the valve sleev~ 45 and out .. 19 through the aperture 46 into the beer 43, creating a draught beer effect in the beer.
22 Fig. S shows a fifth example of the invention in which ~; 23 a can Sl has a barrier ~2 retained in position within 24 : the can 51 by frictional forces betwe~n the side skirt ; 25 of the barrier and the insid~i surface of the can 51.
~ ` 26 Th barrier 52 is used to separa~e and isolate a `~: 27 pres~urised gas 53 from beer 54 in th~ can 51 as with : 28 the example shown in Fig. 5.
. ! 29 The barri2r 52 may be ~ormed from a plas ics material : : 31 and has an aper ure ~5 ther~through, and an associated :~ : 32 va}ve mechanism 56 with a valve head 57. On ~he bottom ` 33 ~urface of the barrier 52 are form~d protruberances 5~
i; 3~ which ensure a minimum volume of gas 53, of about 15 cc .,.,': ~
, i :
,, ~' , .
.:
,~ WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GB92/021l1 : 15 .
1 in a typical application. On the top surface 59 of the 2 can 51 is a mechanism 60 for opening the can 51.
4 In use the can 51 is filled in a manner similar to that of the second, third and fourth examples of the 6 invention as shown in Figs~ 3, 4 and 5. When the can 7 51 is heated to pasteurise its contents the barrier is 8 forced towards the base 61 by the pressure of the beer l ~ 54 and so pressurises the gas 53. When the pressure of ;~ 10 the beer 54 is greater than the pressure of the gas 53 - 11 the valve head 57 is forced downwards such that it 12 closes the aperture 55 in the ~arrier 52. When the ' 13 pressure of the can 51 is released by a user opening .'i 14 the mechanism 60, the pressure of the pressurised gas ~ 15 53 is greater than the pressure of the beer 54 which , . .
. 16 causPs the head of the val~e member 57 to be pu~hed ,, ~ 17 ~pwards allowing gas 53 to flow upwards through the ,j 18 ~aperture 55 into the beer 54, creating a draught beer 19 effect in the beer 54 in the can 51.
2~ :
Zl Fig. 7 shows a s1xth example of the in~ention in which 2Z a can 70 comprises a barrier 71 retained in position 23 within th~ can 70 by~frictional for~es. The barrier 71 24 is used to separa~e~and i~olate a pressurised gas 72 : from the beer 73~in the can 60. The barriex 71 is 26 typically~:manufactured from a semi-rigid plastics 27 material:and~comprises a valve member 74, a valve 28 sleeve 75 and~:protruberance~ 76 on the bottom surface ~9 of the barrier 71. Th~ valve sleeve 75 includes two 3~ ~ apertures 77 and 78 located in ~he side and top ! ' 31~ surfa e respec ively of the ~alve sleeve. On the top 32 surface of;the can is à mechanism 80 for opening the .~", ~ :
33 can 70.
~' ~
.~'i :
. WO93/10021 PCT/GB92/021.1~.
; 212323'~ 16 .:, ; l In use, the can 70 is filled in a manner similar to 2 that of examples 2 to 5 of the invention, as shown in 3 Figs. 3 to 6~ When the can 70 is heated to pasteurise 4 its contents, the barrier 71 is forced downwards : 5 toward the ~ase 71 by the pressure of the beer-73 and '.......... 6 so pressurises the gas 72. Th~ protruberances 76 7 ensure a minimum volume of gas 72, of about 15 cc in a 8 typical application. The barrier 71 is retained in 9 position by frictional force between a skirt 80 of the 13 barrier 71 and the side wall of the can 70.
'' 11 12 When the pres~ure of the beer 73 is greater than the 13 prsssure of the gas 72, the valve member 74 remains 14 closed and in a substantially vertical attitude, which ~'`! 15 allows the beer 73 to enter the sleeve 7S through the :', 16 apertures 77 and 78 in the above sleeve 75.
~: l7 . 18 Referring now to Fig. 8, when the pressure i~ the can .. l9 70 is released by ~ user opening the mechanism 80 to . 20 provid~ an aperture 82, the pres~ure of the pressurised `~ ! 21 gas 72 is sreater than the pressure of the beer 73 and s 22 the gas 72~flows upwards through th~ valve member 74 ` 23 which causes it to open and tilt towards the attitude :~ 24 shown in:Fig~ 8. In this attitud0, the valYe member 74 seals the aperture 77 on the side sur~ace of the val~e 26 sleeve 7~5. This permits the pressurised gas 72 to flow 27: upwards through the valve member 74 into the valve 8 sleeve 75 and expel beer 73 in the.~alve sleeve 75 ~J,!l~ 29 through the aperture 7~. This creates a rush of li~uid ~; 30 and gas into ~he beer 73 creating a draught beer effect .~`. 31 in the beer in the can 70.
~ 33 Fig. 9 shows a seventh example of a sealed can of beer ;~`'. : 34 ~0. The can 90 comprises a valve 9l w~ich is ~;~ ` 35 typically~ in the form of a ring-pull type closure.
. .
,y~
, . .
. ; , ~. ~
!. .', .
WO93~10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GB92/02111 l The can 9O contains a barrier 92 which comprises a body 2 member 93 made of a substantially rigid material, such 3 as a plastic which has an aperture 9S therein.
4 Extending across the aperture 95 is a micro-porous membrane 94 which is gas permeable but is substantially 6 impermeable to liquid, such as beer 96 in the can 90.
7 ~ocated below the membrane 94 is a gas space 97.
8 Typically, the aperture 95 has a diameter of 9 approximately 0.012 inches.
ll The barrier 93 may be ~ixed in position, ~or sxample, .l 12 by adhesive, by flanges in the inside of t~e can 90, or 13 by manufacturing the body member 93 from a material, 14 such as a plastic, which swells when in contact with the beer 9~ to increase the frictional fit of the 16 barrier 92 in the container 90.
; ~ ~
18 The membrane 94 permits equalisation of pressure l9 ~tween the:beer 96 and air space 97 when the cam 9O is 1 20 stored. ~However, when the ring-pull 9l is opened the 21 ~pressure in the beer 96 where the barrier 92 drops to 22 ~:atmospheric pressure, which creates a pressure : 23 ~iffer~ntial across the barrier~:92. This causes gas in 24 the space 97-to~pass~through the:membrane 94 and through the~aperture 95 and so into the beer 96 above 6 ~ the barrier 92. :The ~ize of the aperture 95 is chosen 2:7 so as to~create a rush of gas through the aperture 9S
: 28~ which~create~a drauqht beer effect in the beer 96.
~2'`'', ~ ~ 30 ~ Fig. lO shows a barrier lO2 which could be used with, 31 any o* the seYen~ examples described above. In Fig. lO
3~2 the barrier~lO2 is positioned in a can lOO with the 33 ~ bottom edges:of central portion 103 contac~ing the base 34 10l of ~he can 100. As side flanges 104 of the barrier 1~2 are fixed ~urther towards the base lOl, in the WO93/l0021 2123~33 18 PCr/GB92/02l ~
;
: 1 direction of arrows 105, the intermediate portion 106 2 o~ the barrier 102 moves in the direction of arrows 3 107. When the flange 104 has reached the position 4 shown in phantom in Fig. 10, the intermediate portion 106 is also in the position shown in phantom. In the 6 position shown in phantom, the portion 106 forces the , 7 flange 104 in outwardly in the direction of arrows 108 8 to increase the frictional fit of the barrier ~02 in 9 the can 100 and lock the barrier 102 in position in the canO The dimension and design of the intermediate 11 portion 102 is chosen so that the intermediate portion 12 102 locks into the position shown in phantom and does 13 not revert to its original position, for example, 14 because the pressure below the barrier 102 i5 greater ` 15 than the pressure above, as would occur when a sealed - 16 can of beer is opened.
.~ 17 18 The barrier 102 may ~e manufactured from a plastic 19 material and the int2rmediate portion 102 coupled tv the central portion 103 and flange 104 by plastic webs : 21 which act as hinges.
.l,,j .. 22 u 23 This type of lock mechanism may be used to lock the 24 barrier 102 in position before liquid such as b~er is inserted into the can 100, or alternatively may 26 activate during pasteurisation of the beer wh~n the 2~ barrier is:~orced to travel towards the base of the can ~, 28 due to pressure di~ferentials due to the pasteurisation ~i 29 process.
; 31 Similarly, with appropriate modification and/or 3~ additions to the ~entral se~tion 103, ~he barrier 102 33 could be used with valve mechanisms and/or a ~as-34 permeable membrane, such as a micro-porous membrane.
, ~5 ,i `
j 5.:
?~ '.
. ~ ., 'i` ' .! ','1 ~ WO93/10021 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 PCT/GBg2/02111 ,' 19 : 1Modifications and improvements may be incorpora~ed 2 without departing from the scope of the invention.
' ., ' ' ' , "
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Claims (14)
1. A method of producing a containerised liquid comprising providing a container having a rupturable wall portion, introducing a gas into the container, providing in the container a barrier which is gas-permeable and is substantially impermeable to liquid, introducing a liquid pressurised with gas in the container on the other side of the barrier, and sealing the container.
2. A method according to Claim 1, the method further comprising the steps of pressurising the liquid to force gas from the liquid through the barrier to the one side of the barrier.
3. A method according to Claim 2, wherein the step of pressurising the liquid comprises raising the temperature of the liquid in the can.
4. A method according to any of the preceding Claims, wherein the barrier is fixed within the container.
5. A pressurised container having a rupturable wall portion comprises a barrier which is gas-permeable and is substantially impermeable to a liquid in the container, the barrier dividing the container into first and second chambers, the barrier permitting passage of a gas in the container between the chambers so that when the wall portion is ruptured to permit one of the chambers to communicate with atmospheric pressure and creates a differential pressure between the chambers, gas in the other chamber flows through the barrier into the one chamber.
6. A pressurised container according to Claim 5, wherein the liquid is contained in the one chamber.
7, A pressurised container according to Claim 5 or Claim 6, wherein the barrier comprises a body member substantially impermeable to the gas and the liquid and having an aperture therein, and a gas-permeable membrane covering the aperture.
8. A pressurised container according to Claim 7, wherein the aperture has a diameter of approximately 0.010 to 0.015 inches.
9. A pressurised container according to Claim 8, wherein the aperture has a diameter of approximately 0.012 inches.
10. A pressurised container according to any of Claim 5 to 9, wherein the barrier comprises a material which swells when in contact with the liquid.
11. A pressurised container according to any of Claims to 10 wherein the barrier comprises a movable portion which moves to fix the barrier within the container.
12. A method of producing a containerised liquid comprising providing a container having a rupturable wall portion, introducing a fluid into the container, providing in the container a barrier which is substantially impermeable to the fluid on one side of the barrier, the barrier having means for selectively allowing passage of the fluid through the barrier, providing a liquid in the container on the other side of the barrier, and sealing the container.
13. A pressurised container having a rupturable wall portion comprises a barrier substantially impermeable to a pressurising fluid and a liquid in the container, the barrier dividing the container into first and second chambers and including a pressure operable valve mechanism movable between a closed position and an open position, the valve mechanism allowing passage of the fluid and/or liquid between the chambers when the wall portion is ruptured to permit one of the chambers to communicate with atmospheric pressure to create a differential pressure between the chambers, the valve mechanism preventing such passage when the pressures are equal.
14. A method of producing a pressurised liquid comprises introducing a fluid into the container, providing in the container a barrier which is substantially impermeable to the fluid and the liquid, so that the liquid is maintained on one side of the barrier, the barrier having means for selectively allowing passage of the fluid through the barrier, introducing a liquid into the container on the other side of the barrier, pressurising the liquid to displace the barrier to pressurise the fluid, and sealing the container.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919124148A GB9124148D0 (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1991-11-14 | A method of and apparatus for releasing a fluid into a liquid |
| GB9124148.9 | 1991-11-14 | ||
| GB929202877A GB9202877D0 (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-02-12 | A method of and apparatus for releasing a fluid into a liquid |
| GB9202877.8 | 1992-02-12 | ||
| GB9211406.5 | 1992-05-29 | ||
| GB929211406A GB9211406D0 (en) | 1992-05-29 | 1992-05-29 | A pressurised container for providing an effervescent liquid |
| GB929222043A GB9222043D0 (en) | 1992-10-21 | 1992-10-21 | A container for pressurised liquid |
| GB9222043.3 | 1992-10-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2123233A1 true CA2123233A1 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
Family
ID=27450771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2123233 Abandoned CA2123233A1 (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1992-11-13 | A pressurised container for providing an effervescent liquid |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0611359A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07501301A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2916492A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2123233A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ119094A3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT69086A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993010021A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9226799D0 (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1993-02-17 | Pa Consulting Services | Packaged alcoholic beverages |
| WO1995000416A1 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-01-05 | Whitbread Plc | Container with head enhancing insert |
| GB9312677D0 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1993-08-04 | Pyxis Limited | Beverage container and method of producting a filled beverage container |
| DK0712368T3 (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1997-09-15 | Whitbread & Co Ltd | Insert for carbonated beverage container |
| US5780083A (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1998-07-14 | Whitbread Plc | Carbonated beverage container |
| WO1995008493A1 (en) * | 1993-09-18 | 1995-03-30 | Bass Plc | Carbonated beverage container and method of manufacture therefor |
| US5827555A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1998-10-27 | American National Can Company | Foaming insert for a beverage container |
| WO1995009118A2 (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-06 | American National Can Company | Foaming insert for a beverage container |
| GB2283225B (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1997-04-16 | Keith Walter Douglas | Retainer for an in-can (beer) head-generating device |
| GB2284588A (en) * | 1993-12-11 | 1995-06-14 | Bass Plc | Container package |
| FR2732757B1 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1997-06-20 | Bonder Glenio | REFRIGERANT CONTAINER, ESPECIALLY FOR BEVERAGE |
| JP3258899B2 (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 2002-02-18 | シャープ株式会社 | Ferroelectric thin film element, semiconductor device using the same, and method of manufacturing ferroelectric thin film element |
| DE19717080C2 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 2001-12-06 | Manfred Stadler | Repeatable refillable spray can or bottle |
| PT1226078E (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2004-11-30 | Nytrotec Beverages Ltd | DRINK CONTAINER |
| CA2703038C (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2012-05-01 | Millercoors, Llc | Inserted thermal barrier liner for containers |
| KR101188111B1 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-10-04 | 박민경 | Beverage bottle |
| JP2017128393A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社光未来 | Hydrogen gas sealing container |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3970219A (en) * | 1975-03-03 | 1976-07-20 | Spitzer Joseph G | Aerosol containers for foaming and delivering aerosols and process |
| JPS53137414A (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1978-11-30 | Furointo Sangiyou Kk | Aerosol spraying device |
| FR2554421A1 (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-05-10 | Gelbras Henri | Double-walled spray device |
-
1992
- 1992-11-13 EP EP92923110A patent/EP0611359A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-11-13 JP JP5509088A patent/JPH07501301A/en active Pending
- 1992-11-13 CZ CZ941190A patent/CZ119094A3/en unknown
- 1992-11-13 AU AU29164/92A patent/AU2916492A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-11-13 HU HU9401202A patent/HUT69086A/en unknown
- 1992-11-13 WO PCT/GB1992/002111 patent/WO1993010021A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-11-13 CA CA 2123233 patent/CA2123233A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ119094A3 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| AU2916492A (en) | 1993-06-15 |
| HUT69086A (en) | 1995-08-28 |
| WO1993010021A1 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
| EP0611359A1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| JPH07501301A (en) | 1995-02-09 |
| HU9401202D0 (en) | 1994-08-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |