CA2120817A1 - Hairspray compositions - Google Patents
Hairspray compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2120817A1 CA2120817A1 CA 2120817 CA2120817A CA2120817A1 CA 2120817 A1 CA2120817 A1 CA 2120817A1 CA 2120817 CA2120817 CA 2120817 CA 2120817 A CA2120817 A CA 2120817A CA 2120817 A1 CA2120817 A1 CA 2120817A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- latex
- soluble polymer
- weight
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000008266 hair spray Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TVFJAZCVMOXQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OC=C TVFJAZCVMOXQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 33
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 13
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940058020 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- -1 saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCNC(C)(C)C BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WSDISUOETYTPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmdm hydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)N(CO)C(=O)N(CO)C1=O WSDISUOETYTPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOAOAKDONABGPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(N)(CO)CO IOAOAKDONABGPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JCBPETKZIGVZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminobutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(N)CO JCBPETKZIGVZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCNC1=O MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NAPSCFZYZVSQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimantine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NAPSCFZYZVSQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XJNUECKWDBNFJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC XJNUECKWDBNFJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (n-propan-2-yloxycarbonylanilino) acetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKYCLDTVJCJYIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenedecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=C)C(N)=O ZKYCLDTVJCJYIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAWQXWZJKKICSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethyl-2-methylidenebutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=C)C(N)=O ZAWQXWZJKKICSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CARJPEPCULYFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-Sulfo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1 CARJPEPCULYFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100080971 Caenorhabditis elegans cps-6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000153888 Tung Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001102 Zoysia matrella Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002464 physical blending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMIOJWCYOHBUJS-HAKPAVFJSA-N vorolanib Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)N(C)C)CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(\C=C/2C3=CC(F)=CC=C3NC\2=O)=C1C KMIOJWCYOHBUJS-HAKPAVFJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An aqueous hair treatment composition is provided that includes a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, and a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the latex particles being formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer.
An aqueous hair treatment composition is provided that includes a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, and a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the latex particles being formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer.
Description
J~` 212~817 HAIRSPRAY COMPOSITIONS
BACKGROUND OF THE I~VENiTIO~
.:
Field of the Invention The invention relates to hairspray compositions especially formulated for use in low organic volatile systems.
Related Art Hairspray compositions must meet a number of functional requirements. These include good holding ability and curl retention without giving a harsh, brittle feeling to the hair. Even under humid conditions there must be good hold and curl retention. Another requirement is that the hairspray be capable of being removed upon washing the hair at the time of shampooing. Additionally, the compositions must include the properties of low stickiness and a lack of powdering or flaking.
Various resins have been employed in hairspray compositions to achieve the aforementioned desirable properties.
Illustrative of such resins are the copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinyl acetate, available commercially under such trademarks as Luviskol VA 73 by the BASF
Corporation and homopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone commercialized under the trademark PVP K-30 by ISP
Corporation. Typical of this art are disclosures in U.S.
3,800,033 (Flawn et al) and U.S. 4,173,627 (Madrange nee Dermain et al). A higher molecular weight homopolymer of vinylpyrrolidone, PVP K-90 Resin trademark of ISP
Corporation, is disclosed in U.S. 4,874,604 (Sramek). The aforementioned polymeric resins are of the nonionic variety.
'. . : .' :' ' . ' ' ;' ' ' ,' ~. ,. " . , ~ , :', ' , Jf~ 0 - 2~ ~a817 --- 2 - ;~
Amphoteric resins have also been extensively employed.
These polymers contain cationic radicals derived from monomers such as t-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate as well as carboxyl radicals derived from monomers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Representative of this group is a -product manufactured by the National Starch and Chemical Corporation under the trademark Amphomer identified on product labels by the CTFA name of Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copolymers. Use of Amphomer alone or in conjunction with other resins for hairsprays has been reported in U.S.
BACKGROUND OF THE I~VENiTIO~
.:
Field of the Invention The invention relates to hairspray compositions especially formulated for use in low organic volatile systems.
Related Art Hairspray compositions must meet a number of functional requirements. These include good holding ability and curl retention without giving a harsh, brittle feeling to the hair. Even under humid conditions there must be good hold and curl retention. Another requirement is that the hairspray be capable of being removed upon washing the hair at the time of shampooing. Additionally, the compositions must include the properties of low stickiness and a lack of powdering or flaking.
Various resins have been employed in hairspray compositions to achieve the aforementioned desirable properties.
Illustrative of such resins are the copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinyl acetate, available commercially under such trademarks as Luviskol VA 73 by the BASF
Corporation and homopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone commercialized under the trademark PVP K-30 by ISP
Corporation. Typical of this art are disclosures in U.S.
3,800,033 (Flawn et al) and U.S. 4,173,627 (Madrange nee Dermain et al). A higher molecular weight homopolymer of vinylpyrrolidone, PVP K-90 Resin trademark of ISP
Corporation, is disclosed in U.S. 4,874,604 (Sramek). The aforementioned polymeric resins are of the nonionic variety.
'. . : .' :' ' . ' ' ;' ' ' ,' ~. ,. " . , ~ , :', ' , Jf~ 0 - 2~ ~a817 --- 2 - ;~
Amphoteric resins have also been extensively employed.
These polymers contain cationic radicals derived from monomers such as t-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate as well as carboxyl radicals derived from monomers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Representative of this group is a -product manufactured by the National Starch and Chemical Corporation under the trademark Amphomer identified on product labels by the CTFA name of Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copolymers. Use of Amphomer alone or in conjunction with other resins for hairsprays has been reported in U.S.
3,927,199 (Micchelli et al), U.S. 4,402,977 (Grollier et al), U.S. 4,859,455 (~owak, Jr. et al), U.S. -4,871,529 (Sramek), U.S. 4,983,383 (Maksimoski et al), U.S.
4,983,418 (Murphy et al), U.S. 5,021,238 (~artino et al), GB 2 098 624 (Madrange) and Canadian Patent 1 222 461 (Varco).
Anionic polymeric resins have also been utilized in this art. For instance, U.S. 4,300,58~ (O'Neill et al) discloses linear polyesters prepared from isophthalic acid, the sodium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and diethylene glycol.
Eastman AQ
Polymers for water-dispersed hairsprays are based on this technology. Other polyester and sulfo substituted polymer systems are described in U.S. 4,525,524 (Tung et al).;~
Environmental concerns and legislation addressing such ~0 concerns have re~uired product reformulations to meet these challenges. Organic solvent-based sprays must, at least in part, now be substituted by water systems. Concentrations of organic propellants present in these water systems must also be adjusted to relatively low levels. With these constraints, certain problems have arisen. Water-dispersed . .
: ~. . : ~ : : . .
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J ,0 2 11 2~$17 systems are slow to dry. Not only do they result in wetness on the hair but there is also an undesirable coolness sensation that imparts a chill. Quite significantly there is also difficulty in developing the style. Resins formulated in a water-dispersed system can have weak holding power.
Some systems such as the Eastman AQ Resins have good setting or holding but removability from hair is quite poor because these resins are not water soluble.
Furthermore, there is the problem of providing a uniform spray particle size with water-dispersed resins. A still further problem is that of improving glossiness to counteract resins that usually tend to dull hair.
Recently there has been disclosed in a US Patent 5,068,099 (Sramek) an aerosol hairspray package claiming reduced volatile organic compound emission during the useful life of the package. The spray composition contains a combination of at least two polymers differing in weight average molecular weight by at least 1.5. This blend of polymers combines with a low delivery rate discharge mechanism to provide an atomized composition with mean particle size of at least 60 average microns. A significant drawback of this technology is the necessity for very ~-substantial amounts of volatile alcohol; water is present at levels no higher than 10% by weight. Instead of eliminating volatiles Erom the formula, the patent merely controls the spray emission thereof. However, at some point in the life cycle of the package, volatiles will be emitted into the atmosphere. A further problem with this system is the relatively low rate of spray. It would be desirable to utilize systems with much higher spray rates.
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21~817 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hairspray suitable for water-based systems having improved holding and styling characteristics.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray composition based on a water-based system that dries fairly quickly and does not impart an undue wetness or cool feel to hair or scalp.
A furthex object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray composition for water-based systems that improves glossiness of the hair.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray compvsition for water-based systems that can be sprayed as relatively uniform particles.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more evident from the following summary and detailed description.
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212~17 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An aqueous hairspray composition is provided including:
(i)a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30%
by weight; and (iiJa latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water-insoluble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer.
In a further aspect of the invention, a method for setting hair is also provided wherein the water-soluble polymer and the latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles are applied to the hair, preferably through spray application.
Compositions of this invention are best prepared by forming ~ ~-the latex polymeric particles from appropriate monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer in an aqueous medium.
Hairspray compositions of this invention are dispersed in water which may contain from 0-50% of a propellant such as dimethyl ether.
' :-':: ~ , , J~',O
~2~17 DETAILED DESCRIPTIO~
It has been discovered that many of the objects of the -~
present invention can be achieved through a hair treatment composition that includes a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C
when 10% of polymer is placed in water, and a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles. The latex and water-soluble polymer interact with one another to provide an overall superior hairsetting composition.
According to the invention a wide variety of water-soluble polymers are suitable for use in the composition. These polymers should have a viscosity of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C when 10% is placed in water, more preferably a viscosity of less than about 10,000 cps. The amount of the polymer may range from about 1 to 30%, preferably from about 1.5 to 10% by weight of the hairspray composition.
The water-soluble polymer may be selected from nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric type hair fixative polymers.
However, in systems where the latex particles are anionic, the water-soluble polymer should not be cationic so as to avoid clumping. -~
,,~ .
Examples of anionic hair fixative polymers are the copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and a vinyl ester of an alpha-branched saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as vinyl neodecanoate; copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (molar ratio about 1.1) wherein such copolymers are 50% esterified with a saturated alcohol containing from 1 to ~ carbon atoms such as ethanol or butanol; and acrylic copolymers, terpolymers, etc., containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as the anionic ", '~
: ' , ~ ' . ' I ' .
' ' ~' " ' J~ ~o 21 ~081~ -radical-containing moiety and esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with one or more saturated alcohols having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate and behenyl acrylate, glycols having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as hydroxypropyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate, styrene, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl acetate, acrylamide, alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group such as methacrylamide, t-butyl acrylamide and n-octyl acrylamide, and other compatible unsaturated monomers. One specific example is the emulsion polymerized terpolymer of methacrylic acid, n-butyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate (e.g., in a weight percent ratio of 31:42:27, respectively).
Another specific example is Ultrahold~ 8 (CTFA-Cosmetic, Toiletries and Fragrance Association-designation of Acrylate/Acrylamide Copolymer). ~ -Amphoteric polymers which can contain cationic groups -derived from monomers such as t-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate as well as carboxyl groups derived from monomers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can also be used in the present invention. One specific example of an amphoteric hair fixative polymer is Amphomer~ sold by the National Starch and Chemical Corporation.
Examples of nonionic hair fixative polymers are homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with compatible nonionic monomers such as vinyl acetate and terpolymers of ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate. Nonionic polymers containing N-vinylpyrrolidone in various weight average molecular weights are available commercially from ISP Corporation such ,. !: ' '.
J~',O
~12~7 as homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone having an average molecular we-ght of about 630,000 sold by ISP (formerly GAF
Corporation) under the tradename PVP K-90 and those having an average molecular weight of about 1,000,000 sold under the trademark of PVP K-120.
Examples of cationic hair fixative polymers are copolymers of amino-functional acrylate monomers such as lower alkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with compatible monomers such N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, or alkyl methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylates such as ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate. Cationic hair fixative polymers containing N-vinylpyrrolidone are commercially available from ISP Corporation such as those sold under the trademarks of Copolymer 845 and Copolymer 937 (copolymers of -N-vinylpyrrolidone and t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight about 1,000,000) and Gafquat~ 755 and 755N (quaternary amrnonium polymers formed by the reaction of dimethyl sulfate and a copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight about 1,000,000).
According to the present invention there is also required a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water. Amounts of the particles range from about 1 to about 30%, preferably from about 1.5 to about 10% by weight of the hairspray composition. The average particle size should be no higher than 3 microns, preferably no higher than 1 micron, optimally less than 1 micron. A preferred average diameter size ranges from 0.005 to 1 micron.
A wide variety of homopolymers and copolymers are suitable in forming the latex particles. Vinyl polymerization ~, . . .
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derived polymers are preferred rather than condensation polymers (e.g. Eastman AQ type~. Monomers which comprise the polymers may be selected from any emulsion polymerizable monomer that contains ethylenically unsaturated groups such as u-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, styrene, acrylic acid and Cl-C20 esters, methacrylic acid and Cl-C20 esters, vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and Cl-C20 esters, vinyl neodecanoate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleic acid and Cl-C20 esters, and combinations of these. Preferred latices are those of styrene/butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate and vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate.
'. "-The latex particles are formed by emulsion polymerizing monomers constituting the latex in the presence of the water-soluble polymer held in a~ueous media. For purposes of this invention, the term ~'resin" will mean the aforementioned preferred aspect of the combined latex particles and water-soluble polymer in whose presence the latex was prepared.
Solids content of the latex may range anywhere from about 5 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50%. The ratio of water-soluble polymer to latex particles may range anywhere from about 10:1 to about 1:10 preferably from about 7:3 to about 3:7, optimally from about 2:1 to 1:2 by weight.
The term l'water-soluble" refers to any material that has solubility of at least 5 gram per 100 grams of water, i.e.
5%, preferably a solubility of at least 10% by weight.
Conversely, the term "water-insoluble~ refers to substances that are insoluble at a level of less than 0.1 gram per 100 grams of water, i.e. less than 0.1% by weight.
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- 10 ~12~ 7 Compositions of the present invention will also include water as a solvent carrier for the polymers and other compo-nents. Water will be present in amounts ranging from about 20% to about 99%, preferably from about 40% to about 95% by weight. Optimally, water will be the major if not exclus-ive solvent, i.e. liquid carrier, for the hair treatment compositions of this invention. Volatile organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol are preferably -absent.
With certain of the resins it may be necessary to neutralize ~-some acidic groups to promote solubility/dispersibility.
Examples of suitable neutralizing agents include 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD);
2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (AEPD);
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP); 2-amino-1-butanol (AB);
monoethanolamine (MEA); diethanolamine (DEA);
triethanolamine (TEA); monoisopropanolamine (MIPA);
diisopropanol-amine (DIPA); triisopropanolamine (TIPA); and dimethyl stearamine (DMS). Amounts of the neutralizing agents will range from about 0.001 to about 10% by weight.
The present hair treatment compositions may be formulated as sprays in aerosol or nonaerosol forms. If an aerosol hairspray is desired, a propellant must be included in the composition. This agent is responsible for expelling the other materials from the container and forming the hairspray character.
The propellant gas can be any liquefiable gas conventionally used Eor aerosol containers. Preferably the density of the propellant or mixture thereof is less than the hairspray concentrate so that pure propellant is not emitted from the container. Examples of suitable propellants include dimethyl ether, propane, n-butane and isobutane, used singly Jt `0 2120~7 or admixed. Dimethyl ether is preferred because of its water-solubility up to 35% by weight.
The amount of the propellant gases is governed by normal factors well known in the aerosol art. For hairsprays the level of propellant is generally from about 3 to about 50%, preferably from about 5 to about 45%, optimally about 30% of the total composition. -~ - :
Small quantities of surfactant ranging anywhere from 0.1 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1%, optimally about 0.3% by weight may be present in the compositions of the invention. The surfactant may be an anionic, nonionic or cationic emulsifier. Particularly preferred are nonionic emulsifiers which are formed from alkoxylation of hydrophobes such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids and phenols.
Illustrative of such material is Triton X-100, and isooctyl phenyl polyethoxyethanol.
Resins when deposited upon hair quite often impart dullness.
Counteraction of the dullness effect may be achieved by incorporating low levels of C1o-C20 fatty alcohol esters.
Particularly preferred is cetearyl octanoate. Amounts of these luster imparting agents will range from about 0.001 to about 1%, preferably from about 0.01 to about 0.5%, optimally from about 0.02 to about 0.1% by weight.
Compositions of this invention may contain any other ingredient normally used in hairsprays. These other ingredients may include antifoam agents, proteins, antioxi-dants, fragrances, antimicrobials and sunscreens. Each of these ingredients will be present in an amount effective to accomplish its purpose.
J ~ - \ o 21~817 Hairspray formulations of the present invention may, if desired, be packaged in a pump spray container operated without any propellant. Otherwise, the composition may be charged into a suitable pressurizable container which is sealed and then charged with propellant according to conven-tional techniques. ~ -~
: .
The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments of this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred to herein and the appended claims are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
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~1208~7 ~
Pre~aration of Latex Resins Based on StYrene/But~lacrYlate ;~
Latex Examples 1 to 3 with the latex resin composition as shown in Table I were prepared as follows: 120 grams (360 grams for Example 3) of deionized water, all the Amphomer LV71 and AMP
~aminomethylpropanol) as shown in Table I were added to a 4-neck round bottom glass reactor equipped with temperature controller, nitrogen inlet and outlet, mechanical stirrer and condenser. The reactor was purged with nitrogen gas, heated and maintained at 80C to dissolve all the Amphomer LV71. Three grams of monomer mixture were charged to the reactor and then 10 grams of 1% potassium persulfate sol-ution were added to start the polymerization. Five minutes after adding the persulfate solution, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a 15 minute period.
Thereupon the reaction was maintained at 80C for another 50 minutes. The emulsion was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a 25 micrometer filter. Particle size, pH, emulsion visosity and film formation properties were measured and recorded in Table I.
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TABL}3 ,-:
~ EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3 ___ __ Amphomer LV71 10 g 10 g 30 g _ : . ~ -:
AMP 1.2 g 1.2 g 3.6 g Latex Monomer Mixture 10 g 4 g 12 g Styrene _ 6 g 18 g Butylacrylate ________ ~:
~____ ___ Particle Size134 nm 81 nm 85 nm pH 6.5 6.6 6.8 _ Viscosity* (306 cps 6 cps 7.5 cps rpm, 11% solid, #1 spindle) Film Formation atNo Yes Yes room temperature _ __ __ __ ~_ __ ~ _____________________~__ *The viscosity of Amphomer LV71 at 11% solid is 12 cps (with LVT #1 spindle at 30 rpm, 30 sec. reading).
Film ~hardness or formation~, a measure of hair hold capa-bility, was evaluated by evenly applying 2-4 grams of con-centrate onto an 8'l x 8" glass plate. Samples were allowed to dry overnight to achieve a thick, dry Eilm. Observations of gelling of the film were recorded. Using a sharp-pointed tool, the film was lightly "scratched"
upon the glass plate. Observations were then recorded with regard to hardness and brittleness.
J ~ ~ o 2120817 ~
Evaluation of Latex Resins Based on ~t~rene/Bu~lacrvlate Latex in Zero VOC Hair S~rav Formulation Film ~rinseability~ was evaluated by placing a clean, dry, 8" x 8" glass plate in a fume hood. The sample hairspray was then applied for 10 seconds evenly coating the glass plate throughout. After drying at least 1 hour at room temperature, a visual observation of clarity, color precipi-tate or separation, and brittle--cracks in the film were noted. A few drops of warm tap water (about 100F) were lightly applied onto the plate. Through light finger action the film was caused to lightly dissolve. Texture was noted.
A ranking for the samples was then performed according to ease of rinsability (very poor, poor, medium, good, very good) in comparison to available controls.
~ue to its poor film forming properties, the latex resin of Example 1 was not evaluated for hair spray application.
Examples 2 and 3 were formulated in a water-based hair spray formula with the composition shown in Table I A. Amphomer I.V71 was used as the control (Example 6). All these three water-based formulas contain 5.5% polymer solid. Properties and performance of these hairspray formulas were evaluated and are summarized in Table II B. The data clearly shows that the latex resin of this invention has much better hair fixative properties than the water-soluble polymer alone.
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2120817 ~ ~
TABL,E II A
____ Example 4 Example 5Example 6 ::~
_ __ I ~ _ ,~
D.I. Water 49.02% 73.07% 49.02%
~__ __ __ _ Latex Resin 50.25% 26.2% 50.25%
Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Amphomer LV71 (11%) (21.1%) (11%) _ __ __ . __ D.C. 190~ 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Surfactant __ __ ___ _~_ Methyl Paraben 0.20% 0.20% 0.20%
___ __ Glydant 0.05% 0.05% 0.05%
~_ __ ___ _ Triton X-100 0.20% 0.20% 0.20%
__ ___ __ Cetearyl 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
Octanoate __ __ __ _._ Fragrance 0.15% 0.15% 0.15%
~_ __ ___ ~_ _ ~O~L 1~0% 100~ ~ ~
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2~ 202,1~
TABLE II B
Performance __ __ __ Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 __ __ _~_ (g-cm) 8.4 + 1.1 6.0 + 0.8 4.7 + 1.0 ___ ~ __ Curl Retention 15 minutes 83.7% 86.9% 79.9%
30 minutes 75.5% 78.3% 70.8%
1 hour 71.6% 74.5% 61.7%
2 hours 67.1% 71.2% 53.6%
4 hours 65.2% 68.7% 49.7%
Overnight 60.4% 64.3% 47.3%
____ __ __ ~ ab~ fc, Very Good Ver Good Very Good Pre~aration of Latex Resins Based on Methvlmethacrvlate/Butvlacrvlate Latex The compositions for these Examples are shown in Table III. These compositions include the same mono-mers (methylmethacrylate/butylacrylate) but have dif-ferent ratios of Amphomer LV71 (water-soluble polymer) to monomer (hydrophobic emulsion polymer). Preparation is similar to that used Eor Example 3. A reactor was charged with 290 grams of delonized water, all the Amphomer LV71 and AMP. The solution was heated and maintained at 80C to dlssolve the Amphomer I.V71 under a slow stream of nitrogen gas. After dissolving all the Amphomer LV71, five grams of monomer mixture and 10 J~O :
2~ ~817 ~ ~
grams of 1.2% potassium persulfate solution were added to the reactor to start the polymerization reaction. ;
Five minutes after adding the persulfate solution, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a span of 15 minutes. The reaction was held at 80C for another 60 minutes. Upon cooling to room temperature, the emulsion was filtered through a 25 micrometer fil-ter for further evaluation. Particle size, pH, emul-sion viscosity and film formation properties were -determined and are reported in Table III.
...
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, '~ :' ' J ~ o 212~817 TABLE I I I
~ __ ___ EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
_ ~ ~_~ ~
Amphomer LV7126. 7 g 40.0 g 53.3 g AMP (aminomethyl- 3.2 g 4.8 g 6.4 g propanol Latex Monomer Mixture 21.3 g 16 g 10.7 g Methylmethacrylate 32 g 24 g 16 g Butylacrylate __ ~
% Solid 21.1% 20.8% 21.6%
~ ______ Particle Size162 66 nm 48 nm nm Viscosity ~30 rpm) 66 cps 82 cps 3100 cps pH 6.7 6.7 6.7 Film Formation at Yes Yes ::
,~ c~=~ _ Yes ________~_ : :
~:
J~O
- 2~2~8~7 Hair~,s~,r,ay Formulations Containin~ Latex Resin Based on Methvlacrvlate/ButYlacrYlate Latex Latex resins of Examples 7 to 9 were formulated in ~ ' water-based aerosol and pump hairspray compositions.
Physical properties and performance of these formula-tions were evaluated by in-vitro tests. Two alcohol-based hairspray formulas, Examples 13A and 13B
were used as controls for performance measurements.
Compositions of the two alcohol-based products are given in Table VI The composition, properties and performance of aerosol and pump formulations are sum-marized in Tables IV and V, respectively.
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TABLE IV
Water-Based Aerosol HairsDrav Formulation ___ __ __ :
___ _ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 ¦
D.I. Water 44.6% 44.5% 44.6%
Latex Resin 25.0% 25.1% 25.0%
Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 D.C. 190 0.07% 0.07% 0.07%
Surfactant -Triton X-100 0.21% 0.21% 0.21%
Cetearyl 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
Octanoate Fragrance 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Dimethylether 30.0% 30.0% 30.0%
~or~ 100~ 100~ 100~
~ .
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~J ~ o 2120~17 PhYsical Pro~erties ____ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 pH 6.70 6.75 6.70 _ Viscosity 4.5 5.0 4.5 (cps) __ __ ___ Performance __ __ __ Example Example Example ~ __ Hair Holding Very Good Very Good VerY Good Rinseability Very Good Very Good Very Good Gloss Very Good Very Good Poor _ ___ __ __ *See Table VII for composition.
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-r- o TABLE V
Water-Based Pum~ Hairs~ra~
Formulation __ : __ Example Example Example _ ~
D.I. Water 73.07% 72.97% 73.2%
Latex Resin 26.2% 26.3% 26.1% ::
. Example 7 Example 8 Example ~ ~-D.C. 190~ 0.10% 0.10%0.10%
Surfactant Methyl paraben0.20% 0.20%0.20% . :
_ ., Glydant 0.05% 0.05%0.05~ ~ ~
_ Triton X-100 0.20% 0.20%0.20%
. _ . .-Cetearyl 0.03% 0.03%0.03%
Octanoate .
_ Fragrance 0.15% 0.15%0.15%
TOTAL 100% 100% 100%
_--__ __ ___ ~
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2~ 2~17 Ph~sical Pro~erties __ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 __ ~
pH 6.75 6.6 6.6 Viscosity 4.2 4.0 4.0 (cps) __ __ .~
Performances ~ Example Example 12 ¦
__ ____ I
Hair holding Excellent Very Good Good Rinseability Poor Very Good Very Good _ _ Gloss Good Very Good Good __ _ __ __ *See Table VII for composition.
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~l i o TABLE VI
_ , .
INGREDIENT % BY WEIGHT
~___ _ :, Ethyl Alcohol (SDA 74 99 : ;
Aminomethylpropanol O.39 NSC Resin 28-29304.50 Fragrance 0.12 Propellant 50 (Hydro- 20.00 ~ ` _ .
INGREDIENT % BY WEIGHT
__ _ .
Ethyl Alcohol (SDA 77.096 40) ~. ~
D.I. Water 16. 251 : ~;
Amphomer 28-49105. 600 ~ ~:
Amlnomethylpropanol 1. 023 ~ r~ ~-~ .: . .::
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~120~17 - 26 - ~--EXAMPLES 14 to 17 Four latex resin compositlons with components shown in Table VII were prepared by the same procedure as that used in Examples 7-9. All the latex resin compositions have the same ratio of Amphomer LV71 to monomer mixture but different monomer compositions. These latex resin compositions, except for Example 16 (which had poor film forming properties), were formulated in a water-based aerosol and pump hairspray with the same formulation as shown in Table IV and V, respectively.
These compositions were evaluated for hairspray performance.
Results are summarized in Table VII. The latex resin of Exam-ple 8 was used for comparison.
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Q, n ~ a) n ~~ nQ~ .~ i~ O
o ~D
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2~2~17 EXAMPLE$ 1~-24 Specifications The compositions of these Examples are shown in Table VIII.
These resins were prepared by adding 280 grams (180 grams for Examples 18 and 24) of deionized water, 0.6 grams sodium lauryl sulfate (1.0 grams for Examples 18 and 24) and 1.0 grams surfactant combination and 1.2 grams AMP (Examples 19-21; 2.4 grams AMP in Example 23) to a 4-neck round bottom glass reactor. The reactor was purged with nitrogen gas, heated and maintained at 80C to dissolve all the surfactant and water-soluble polymer. Ten grams of the acrylate mono-mers were added to the reactor followed by 20 grams of 1%
potassium persulfate solution to start the polymerization.
Five minutes later, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a 40-minute period. Thereupon, the reac-tants were heated at 80C for another 50 minutes. The resultant emulsion was cooled to room temperature and the pH
adjusted to 6.0 to 7.0 by neutralization with amino~ethyl-propanol. Part of the emulsion was physically blended with Amphomer LV71 solution (16 weight%) according to the amounts shown in Table ~III (second section) to achieve the final latex resin composition.
The final latex resin compositions were then incorporated into a hair setting composition that included an aerosol ,,~. , , :
,. ... ~ .
J~ O
2~L208~7 propellant. These formulas are outlined in Tables IX and X. ~
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-- 2120~17 ~ _ _ __ __ _~
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o ~ o : ' ' ~ ~ , J-~o 212~17 Exam~les 24-33 - The effect of ~olYmerisin~ in the ~resence of resin A series of resin compositions were prepared in the form of (1) a water insoluble latex; (2) a latex/water-soluble polymer (physical blend); and/or (3) a latex prepared in the presence of the water-soluble polymer ("emulsion~
The water insoluble latexes prepared included polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate (referred to as PMMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate). In each instance, :~ .
62.5g monomer (e.g. styrene) was polymerized in a solution of 250g water containing 12.5g lgepal C0660~ (surfactant), 0.5g sodium lauryl sulphate and 0.6g potassium persulphate.
The latex/water-soluble polymer (physical blend) was typi-cally formed by adding 45 g of the latex (22.3% resin) to 160 g of Amphomer LV-71~ solution and mixed for thirty (30) minutes.
Resins accordiny to the present invention were prepared by polymerizing monomer in the presence of Amphomer LV-71~ to form an "emulsion" resin. For instance, 24g styrene was polymerised in 225g water in the presence of 36g Amphomer LV-71~, ~.32g amino methyl propanol (AMP) and 0.15g potas-sium persulphate. The ratio of methyl methacrylate to butyl ;~-.
2~ 2~17 acylate was 60:40 in the poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate) latex blend and emulsion resin compositions.
:.''.~ ' ` ~ ' ' ' ' :
J~50 ~ 8~
TABLE XI
PUMP HAIRSPRAY FORMULATIONS
COMPONENT WEIGHT %
~__~__ ., Total Resin Composition 5.00 (~ active) : -Methyl Paraben 0.10 :~
. _ Triton X-100~ 0.20 Fragrance 0.20 DC 190~ Surfactant 0.15 Glydant 0.05 _ _ Cetearyl Octanoate 0.03 _ ~ __.___ ~0 .... . .
2~2~17 -___ __ ~ __ ___ æ_ _ s~
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~ ~^ ~
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V ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .-1 ~ ~ ~
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:
7'.'., ~.' ' ' ' .: .
2~2~817 Each of the resin compositions was formulated into a pump hairspray formulation as outlined in Table XI. The perform- ~;
ance and identity of the resin compositions is outlined under Table XII.
Based on the performance results outlined under Table XII, the following conclusions can be made:
A water-soluble polymer such as Amphomer LV-71~ by itself has very good film properties, very good hair hold capacity and exhibits clear gloss/shine. However, this water-soluble polymer, when used as the sole resin, exhibited poor spray properties. See Example 24.
The water-insoluble latex, when used as the sole resin, exhibited poor film properties, provided only a soft hairhold capacity and was unacceptably cloudy. See Examples 25, 28 and 31.
A physical blending of the water-soluble polymer and latex provided poor film properties as illustrated by the cornbina-tion of Amphomer~/polystyrene and of Amphomer~/PMMA. The hairhold capacity was also unacceptably soft for each of these resin compositions. See Examples 26 and 29 respect-ively.
Jf~ 2120~1 7 By contrast, the resin compositions wherein styrene and methylmethacrylate were each formed into latexes in the presence of Amphomer~, provided a resultant substance that had good film properties, good hairhold capacity and a cleargloss/shine. These results were unexpected. See Examples 27 and 30.
Poly(methylmethacrylate/butylacrylate) when combined with Amphomer~ either in a physical blend or as the "emulsion", ;
provided hairsprays that exhibited good film properties, good hairhold capacity and a clear gloss/shine. See Examples 32 and 33. This contrasts with Example 31 bases solely on poly(methacrylate/butylacrylate) as the resin, which exhibited poor film properties, inade~uate hairhold capacity and a cloudy gloss/shine.
The foregoing description and Examples illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. In light thereof, various modifications will be suggested to one skilled in the art, all of which are within the spirit and purview of this invention.
- : : :: :
,, ~ .
4,983,418 (Murphy et al), U.S. 5,021,238 (~artino et al), GB 2 098 624 (Madrange) and Canadian Patent 1 222 461 (Varco).
Anionic polymeric resins have also been utilized in this art. For instance, U.S. 4,300,58~ (O'Neill et al) discloses linear polyesters prepared from isophthalic acid, the sodium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and diethylene glycol.
Eastman AQ
Polymers for water-dispersed hairsprays are based on this technology. Other polyester and sulfo substituted polymer systems are described in U.S. 4,525,524 (Tung et al).;~
Environmental concerns and legislation addressing such ~0 concerns have re~uired product reformulations to meet these challenges. Organic solvent-based sprays must, at least in part, now be substituted by water systems. Concentrations of organic propellants present in these water systems must also be adjusted to relatively low levels. With these constraints, certain problems have arisen. Water-dispersed . .
: ~. . : ~ : : . .
`'i",~ ', :' , " '~ . ':
J ,0 2 11 2~$17 systems are slow to dry. Not only do they result in wetness on the hair but there is also an undesirable coolness sensation that imparts a chill. Quite significantly there is also difficulty in developing the style. Resins formulated in a water-dispersed system can have weak holding power.
Some systems such as the Eastman AQ Resins have good setting or holding but removability from hair is quite poor because these resins are not water soluble.
Furthermore, there is the problem of providing a uniform spray particle size with water-dispersed resins. A still further problem is that of improving glossiness to counteract resins that usually tend to dull hair.
Recently there has been disclosed in a US Patent 5,068,099 (Sramek) an aerosol hairspray package claiming reduced volatile organic compound emission during the useful life of the package. The spray composition contains a combination of at least two polymers differing in weight average molecular weight by at least 1.5. This blend of polymers combines with a low delivery rate discharge mechanism to provide an atomized composition with mean particle size of at least 60 average microns. A significant drawback of this technology is the necessity for very ~-substantial amounts of volatile alcohol; water is present at levels no higher than 10% by weight. Instead of eliminating volatiles Erom the formula, the patent merely controls the spray emission thereof. However, at some point in the life cycle of the package, volatiles will be emitted into the atmosphere. A further problem with this system is the relatively low rate of spray. It would be desirable to utilize systems with much higher spray rates.
' ~: . ~ . , ' . , .
: ........................ . . .
J~O
21~817 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hairspray suitable for water-based systems having improved holding and styling characteristics.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray composition based on a water-based system that dries fairly quickly and does not impart an undue wetness or cool feel to hair or scalp.
A furthex object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray composition for water-based systems that improves glossiness of the hair.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a hairspray compvsition for water-based systems that can be sprayed as relatively uniform particles.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more evident from the following summary and detailed description.
J~ ;O
212~17 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An aqueous hairspray composition is provided including:
(i)a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30%
by weight; and (iiJa latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water-insoluble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer.
In a further aspect of the invention, a method for setting hair is also provided wherein the water-soluble polymer and the latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles are applied to the hair, preferably through spray application.
Compositions of this invention are best prepared by forming ~ ~-the latex polymeric particles from appropriate monomers in the presence of the water-soluble polymer in an aqueous medium.
Hairspray compositions of this invention are dispersed in water which may contain from 0-50% of a propellant such as dimethyl ether.
' :-':: ~ , , J~',O
~2~17 DETAILED DESCRIPTIO~
It has been discovered that many of the objects of the -~
present invention can be achieved through a hair treatment composition that includes a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C
when 10% of polymer is placed in water, and a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles. The latex and water-soluble polymer interact with one another to provide an overall superior hairsetting composition.
According to the invention a wide variety of water-soluble polymers are suitable for use in the composition. These polymers should have a viscosity of less than about 20,000 cps at 25C when 10% is placed in water, more preferably a viscosity of less than about 10,000 cps. The amount of the polymer may range from about 1 to 30%, preferably from about 1.5 to 10% by weight of the hairspray composition.
The water-soluble polymer may be selected from nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric type hair fixative polymers.
However, in systems where the latex particles are anionic, the water-soluble polymer should not be cationic so as to avoid clumping. -~
,,~ .
Examples of anionic hair fixative polymers are the copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and a vinyl ester of an alpha-branched saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as vinyl neodecanoate; copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (molar ratio about 1.1) wherein such copolymers are 50% esterified with a saturated alcohol containing from 1 to ~ carbon atoms such as ethanol or butanol; and acrylic copolymers, terpolymers, etc., containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as the anionic ", '~
: ' , ~ ' . ' I ' .
' ' ~' " ' J~ ~o 21 ~081~ -radical-containing moiety and esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with one or more saturated alcohols having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate and behenyl acrylate, glycols having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as hydroxypropyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate, styrene, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl acetate, acrylamide, alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group such as methacrylamide, t-butyl acrylamide and n-octyl acrylamide, and other compatible unsaturated monomers. One specific example is the emulsion polymerized terpolymer of methacrylic acid, n-butyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate (e.g., in a weight percent ratio of 31:42:27, respectively).
Another specific example is Ultrahold~ 8 (CTFA-Cosmetic, Toiletries and Fragrance Association-designation of Acrylate/Acrylamide Copolymer). ~ -Amphoteric polymers which can contain cationic groups -derived from monomers such as t-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate as well as carboxyl groups derived from monomers such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can also be used in the present invention. One specific example of an amphoteric hair fixative polymer is Amphomer~ sold by the National Starch and Chemical Corporation.
Examples of nonionic hair fixative polymers are homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with compatible nonionic monomers such as vinyl acetate and terpolymers of ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate. Nonionic polymers containing N-vinylpyrrolidone in various weight average molecular weights are available commercially from ISP Corporation such ,. !: ' '.
J~',O
~12~7 as homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone having an average molecular we-ght of about 630,000 sold by ISP (formerly GAF
Corporation) under the tradename PVP K-90 and those having an average molecular weight of about 1,000,000 sold under the trademark of PVP K-120.
Examples of cationic hair fixative polymers are copolymers of amino-functional acrylate monomers such as lower alkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with compatible monomers such N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, or alkyl methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylates such as ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate. Cationic hair fixative polymers containing N-vinylpyrrolidone are commercially available from ISP Corporation such as those sold under the trademarks of Copolymer 845 and Copolymer 937 (copolymers of -N-vinylpyrrolidone and t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight about 1,000,000) and Gafquat~ 755 and 755N (quaternary amrnonium polymers formed by the reaction of dimethyl sulfate and a copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight about 1,000,000).
According to the present invention there is also required a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water. Amounts of the particles range from about 1 to about 30%, preferably from about 1.5 to about 10% by weight of the hairspray composition. The average particle size should be no higher than 3 microns, preferably no higher than 1 micron, optimally less than 1 micron. A preferred average diameter size ranges from 0.005 to 1 micron.
A wide variety of homopolymers and copolymers are suitable in forming the latex particles. Vinyl polymerization ~, . . .
... - , ~
~,. . .
J~--~O
2 ~i2 ~
derived polymers are preferred rather than condensation polymers (e.g. Eastman AQ type~. Monomers which comprise the polymers may be selected from any emulsion polymerizable monomer that contains ethylenically unsaturated groups such as u-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, styrene, acrylic acid and Cl-C20 esters, methacrylic acid and Cl-C20 esters, vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and Cl-C20 esters, vinyl neodecanoate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleic acid and Cl-C20 esters, and combinations of these. Preferred latices are those of styrene/butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate and vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate.
'. "-The latex particles are formed by emulsion polymerizing monomers constituting the latex in the presence of the water-soluble polymer held in a~ueous media. For purposes of this invention, the term ~'resin" will mean the aforementioned preferred aspect of the combined latex particles and water-soluble polymer in whose presence the latex was prepared.
Solids content of the latex may range anywhere from about 5 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50%. The ratio of water-soluble polymer to latex particles may range anywhere from about 10:1 to about 1:10 preferably from about 7:3 to about 3:7, optimally from about 2:1 to 1:2 by weight.
The term l'water-soluble" refers to any material that has solubility of at least 5 gram per 100 grams of water, i.e.
5%, preferably a solubility of at least 10% by weight.
Conversely, the term "water-insoluble~ refers to substances that are insoluble at a level of less than 0.1 gram per 100 grams of water, i.e. less than 0.1% by weight.
J~O
- 10 ~12~ 7 Compositions of the present invention will also include water as a solvent carrier for the polymers and other compo-nents. Water will be present in amounts ranging from about 20% to about 99%, preferably from about 40% to about 95% by weight. Optimally, water will be the major if not exclus-ive solvent, i.e. liquid carrier, for the hair treatment compositions of this invention. Volatile organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol are preferably -absent.
With certain of the resins it may be necessary to neutralize ~-some acidic groups to promote solubility/dispersibility.
Examples of suitable neutralizing agents include 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD);
2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (AEPD);
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP); 2-amino-1-butanol (AB);
monoethanolamine (MEA); diethanolamine (DEA);
triethanolamine (TEA); monoisopropanolamine (MIPA);
diisopropanol-amine (DIPA); triisopropanolamine (TIPA); and dimethyl stearamine (DMS). Amounts of the neutralizing agents will range from about 0.001 to about 10% by weight.
The present hair treatment compositions may be formulated as sprays in aerosol or nonaerosol forms. If an aerosol hairspray is desired, a propellant must be included in the composition. This agent is responsible for expelling the other materials from the container and forming the hairspray character.
The propellant gas can be any liquefiable gas conventionally used Eor aerosol containers. Preferably the density of the propellant or mixture thereof is less than the hairspray concentrate so that pure propellant is not emitted from the container. Examples of suitable propellants include dimethyl ether, propane, n-butane and isobutane, used singly Jt `0 2120~7 or admixed. Dimethyl ether is preferred because of its water-solubility up to 35% by weight.
The amount of the propellant gases is governed by normal factors well known in the aerosol art. For hairsprays the level of propellant is generally from about 3 to about 50%, preferably from about 5 to about 45%, optimally about 30% of the total composition. -~ - :
Small quantities of surfactant ranging anywhere from 0.1 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1%, optimally about 0.3% by weight may be present in the compositions of the invention. The surfactant may be an anionic, nonionic or cationic emulsifier. Particularly preferred are nonionic emulsifiers which are formed from alkoxylation of hydrophobes such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids and phenols.
Illustrative of such material is Triton X-100, and isooctyl phenyl polyethoxyethanol.
Resins when deposited upon hair quite often impart dullness.
Counteraction of the dullness effect may be achieved by incorporating low levels of C1o-C20 fatty alcohol esters.
Particularly preferred is cetearyl octanoate. Amounts of these luster imparting agents will range from about 0.001 to about 1%, preferably from about 0.01 to about 0.5%, optimally from about 0.02 to about 0.1% by weight.
Compositions of this invention may contain any other ingredient normally used in hairsprays. These other ingredients may include antifoam agents, proteins, antioxi-dants, fragrances, antimicrobials and sunscreens. Each of these ingredients will be present in an amount effective to accomplish its purpose.
J ~ - \ o 21~817 Hairspray formulations of the present invention may, if desired, be packaged in a pump spray container operated without any propellant. Otherwise, the composition may be charged into a suitable pressurizable container which is sealed and then charged with propellant according to conven-tional techniques. ~ -~
: .
The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments of this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred to herein and the appended claims are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
J~O
~1208~7 ~
Pre~aration of Latex Resins Based on StYrene/But~lacrYlate ;~
Latex Examples 1 to 3 with the latex resin composition as shown in Table I were prepared as follows: 120 grams (360 grams for Example 3) of deionized water, all the Amphomer LV71 and AMP
~aminomethylpropanol) as shown in Table I were added to a 4-neck round bottom glass reactor equipped with temperature controller, nitrogen inlet and outlet, mechanical stirrer and condenser. The reactor was purged with nitrogen gas, heated and maintained at 80C to dissolve all the Amphomer LV71. Three grams of monomer mixture were charged to the reactor and then 10 grams of 1% potassium persulfate sol-ution were added to start the polymerization. Five minutes after adding the persulfate solution, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a 15 minute period.
Thereupon the reaction was maintained at 80C for another 50 minutes. The emulsion was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a 25 micrometer filter. Particle size, pH, emulsion visosity and film formation properties were measured and recorded in Table I.
:, , -J~O
TABL}3 ,-:
~ EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3 ___ __ Amphomer LV71 10 g 10 g 30 g _ : . ~ -:
AMP 1.2 g 1.2 g 3.6 g Latex Monomer Mixture 10 g 4 g 12 g Styrene _ 6 g 18 g Butylacrylate ________ ~:
~____ ___ Particle Size134 nm 81 nm 85 nm pH 6.5 6.6 6.8 _ Viscosity* (306 cps 6 cps 7.5 cps rpm, 11% solid, #1 spindle) Film Formation atNo Yes Yes room temperature _ __ __ __ ~_ __ ~ _____________________~__ *The viscosity of Amphomer LV71 at 11% solid is 12 cps (with LVT #1 spindle at 30 rpm, 30 sec. reading).
Film ~hardness or formation~, a measure of hair hold capa-bility, was evaluated by evenly applying 2-4 grams of con-centrate onto an 8'l x 8" glass plate. Samples were allowed to dry overnight to achieve a thick, dry Eilm. Observations of gelling of the film were recorded. Using a sharp-pointed tool, the film was lightly "scratched"
upon the glass plate. Observations were then recorded with regard to hardness and brittleness.
J ~ ~ o 2120817 ~
Evaluation of Latex Resins Based on ~t~rene/Bu~lacrvlate Latex in Zero VOC Hair S~rav Formulation Film ~rinseability~ was evaluated by placing a clean, dry, 8" x 8" glass plate in a fume hood. The sample hairspray was then applied for 10 seconds evenly coating the glass plate throughout. After drying at least 1 hour at room temperature, a visual observation of clarity, color precipi-tate or separation, and brittle--cracks in the film were noted. A few drops of warm tap water (about 100F) were lightly applied onto the plate. Through light finger action the film was caused to lightly dissolve. Texture was noted.
A ranking for the samples was then performed according to ease of rinsability (very poor, poor, medium, good, very good) in comparison to available controls.
~ue to its poor film forming properties, the latex resin of Example 1 was not evaluated for hair spray application.
Examples 2 and 3 were formulated in a water-based hair spray formula with the composition shown in Table I A. Amphomer I.V71 was used as the control (Example 6). All these three water-based formulas contain 5.5% polymer solid. Properties and performance of these hairspray formulas were evaluated and are summarized in Table II B. The data clearly shows that the latex resin of this invention has much better hair fixative properties than the water-soluble polymer alone.
~.. ~ , , ~ : . : , J~O ~ ~
2120817 ~ ~
TABL,E II A
____ Example 4 Example 5Example 6 ::~
_ __ I ~ _ ,~
D.I. Water 49.02% 73.07% 49.02%
~__ __ __ _ Latex Resin 50.25% 26.2% 50.25%
Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Amphomer LV71 (11%) (21.1%) (11%) _ __ __ . __ D.C. 190~ 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Surfactant __ __ ___ _~_ Methyl Paraben 0.20% 0.20% 0.20%
___ __ Glydant 0.05% 0.05% 0.05%
~_ __ ___ _ Triton X-100 0.20% 0.20% 0.20%
__ ___ __ Cetearyl 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
Octanoate __ __ __ _._ Fragrance 0.15% 0.15% 0.15%
~_ __ ___ ~_ _ ~O~L 1~0% 100~ ~ ~
~, . ~ . . -., , :~' :' . ' .: ' , ., ' '. . ~ ,: . . ..
J~O
2~ 202,1~
TABLE II B
Performance __ __ __ Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 __ __ _~_ (g-cm) 8.4 + 1.1 6.0 + 0.8 4.7 + 1.0 ___ ~ __ Curl Retention 15 minutes 83.7% 86.9% 79.9%
30 minutes 75.5% 78.3% 70.8%
1 hour 71.6% 74.5% 61.7%
2 hours 67.1% 71.2% 53.6%
4 hours 65.2% 68.7% 49.7%
Overnight 60.4% 64.3% 47.3%
____ __ __ ~ ab~ fc, Very Good Ver Good Very Good Pre~aration of Latex Resins Based on Methvlmethacrvlate/Butvlacrvlate Latex The compositions for these Examples are shown in Table III. These compositions include the same mono-mers (methylmethacrylate/butylacrylate) but have dif-ferent ratios of Amphomer LV71 (water-soluble polymer) to monomer (hydrophobic emulsion polymer). Preparation is similar to that used Eor Example 3. A reactor was charged with 290 grams of delonized water, all the Amphomer LV71 and AMP. The solution was heated and maintained at 80C to dlssolve the Amphomer I.V71 under a slow stream of nitrogen gas. After dissolving all the Amphomer LV71, five grams of monomer mixture and 10 J~O :
2~ ~817 ~ ~
grams of 1.2% potassium persulfate solution were added to the reactor to start the polymerization reaction. ;
Five minutes after adding the persulfate solution, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a span of 15 minutes. The reaction was held at 80C for another 60 minutes. Upon cooling to room temperature, the emulsion was filtered through a 25 micrometer fil-ter for further evaluation. Particle size, pH, emul-sion viscosity and film formation properties were -determined and are reported in Table III.
...
` ' .': ~ ~
' ` ' ;
, '~ :' ' J ~ o 212~817 TABLE I I I
~ __ ___ EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
_ ~ ~_~ ~
Amphomer LV7126. 7 g 40.0 g 53.3 g AMP (aminomethyl- 3.2 g 4.8 g 6.4 g propanol Latex Monomer Mixture 21.3 g 16 g 10.7 g Methylmethacrylate 32 g 24 g 16 g Butylacrylate __ ~
% Solid 21.1% 20.8% 21.6%
~ ______ Particle Size162 66 nm 48 nm nm Viscosity ~30 rpm) 66 cps 82 cps 3100 cps pH 6.7 6.7 6.7 Film Formation at Yes Yes ::
,~ c~=~ _ Yes ________~_ : :
~:
J~O
- 2~2~8~7 Hair~,s~,r,ay Formulations Containin~ Latex Resin Based on Methvlacrvlate/ButYlacrYlate Latex Latex resins of Examples 7 to 9 were formulated in ~ ' water-based aerosol and pump hairspray compositions.
Physical properties and performance of these formula-tions were evaluated by in-vitro tests. Two alcohol-based hairspray formulas, Examples 13A and 13B
were used as controls for performance measurements.
Compositions of the two alcohol-based products are given in Table VI The composition, properties and performance of aerosol and pump formulations are sum-marized in Tables IV and V, respectively.
. i - ::: ~ . .
.. : .. ~ . -. . : .: . : ; ~ , . ., ~;. - . . , , ,: .
.
TABLE IV
Water-Based Aerosol HairsDrav Formulation ___ __ __ :
___ _ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 ¦
D.I. Water 44.6% 44.5% 44.6%
Latex Resin 25.0% 25.1% 25.0%
Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 D.C. 190 0.07% 0.07% 0.07%
Surfactant -Triton X-100 0.21% 0.21% 0.21%
Cetearyl 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
Octanoate Fragrance 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Dimethylether 30.0% 30.0% 30.0%
~or~ 100~ 100~ 100~
~ .
.~ ~
~J ~ o 2120~17 PhYsical Pro~erties ____ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 pH 6.70 6.75 6.70 _ Viscosity 4.5 5.0 4.5 (cps) __ __ ___ Performance __ __ __ Example Example Example ~ __ Hair Holding Very Good Very Good VerY Good Rinseability Very Good Very Good Very Good Gloss Very Good Very Good Poor _ ___ __ __ *See Table VII for composition.
. :~:- .:
,1.,.. : . . ~ . :
,.~ .. ..
: .
: .
.. , ~
-r- o TABLE V
Water-Based Pum~ Hairs~ra~
Formulation __ : __ Example Example Example _ ~
D.I. Water 73.07% 72.97% 73.2%
Latex Resin 26.2% 26.3% 26.1% ::
. Example 7 Example 8 Example ~ ~-D.C. 190~ 0.10% 0.10%0.10%
Surfactant Methyl paraben0.20% 0.20%0.20% . :
_ ., Glydant 0.05% 0.05%0.05~ ~ ~
_ Triton X-100 0.20% 0.20%0.20%
. _ . .-Cetearyl 0.03% 0.03%0.03%
Octanoate .
_ Fragrance 0.15% 0.15%0.15%
TOTAL 100% 100% 100%
_--__ __ ___ ~
.
..... . , ., . ~ . , ~ , ... . . , - - ~
J'~O
2~ 2~17 Ph~sical Pro~erties __ Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 __ ~
pH 6.75 6.6 6.6 Viscosity 4.2 4.0 4.0 (cps) __ __ .~
Performances ~ Example Example 12 ¦
__ ____ I
Hair holding Excellent Very Good Good Rinseability Poor Very Good Very Good _ _ Gloss Good Very Good Good __ _ __ __ *See Table VII for composition.
- : .
.,~, ~ , , .
~l i o TABLE VI
_ , .
INGREDIENT % BY WEIGHT
~___ _ :, Ethyl Alcohol (SDA 74 99 : ;
Aminomethylpropanol O.39 NSC Resin 28-29304.50 Fragrance 0.12 Propellant 50 (Hydro- 20.00 ~ ` _ .
INGREDIENT % BY WEIGHT
__ _ .
Ethyl Alcohol (SDA 77.096 40) ~. ~
D.I. Water 16. 251 : ~;
Amphomer 28-49105. 600 ~ ~:
Amlnomethylpropanol 1. 023 ~ r~ ~-~ .: . .::
::. .. . . . .
J ~ O
~120~17 - 26 - ~--EXAMPLES 14 to 17 Four latex resin compositlons with components shown in Table VII were prepared by the same procedure as that used in Examples 7-9. All the latex resin compositions have the same ratio of Amphomer LV71 to monomer mixture but different monomer compositions. These latex resin compositions, except for Example 16 (which had poor film forming properties), were formulated in a water-based aerosol and pump hairspray with the same formulation as shown in Table IV and V, respectively.
These compositions were evaluated for hairspray performance.
Results are summarized in Table VII. The latex resin of Exam-ple 8 was used for comparison.
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2~2~17 EXAMPLE$ 1~-24 Specifications The compositions of these Examples are shown in Table VIII.
These resins were prepared by adding 280 grams (180 grams for Examples 18 and 24) of deionized water, 0.6 grams sodium lauryl sulfate (1.0 grams for Examples 18 and 24) and 1.0 grams surfactant combination and 1.2 grams AMP (Examples 19-21; 2.4 grams AMP in Example 23) to a 4-neck round bottom glass reactor. The reactor was purged with nitrogen gas, heated and maintained at 80C to dissolve all the surfactant and water-soluble polymer. Ten grams of the acrylate mono-mers were added to the reactor followed by 20 grams of 1%
potassium persulfate solution to start the polymerization.
Five minutes later, the remaining monomer mixture was fed to the reactor over a 40-minute period. Thereupon, the reac-tants were heated at 80C for another 50 minutes. The resultant emulsion was cooled to room temperature and the pH
adjusted to 6.0 to 7.0 by neutralization with amino~ethyl-propanol. Part of the emulsion was physically blended with Amphomer LV71 solution (16 weight%) according to the amounts shown in Table ~III (second section) to achieve the final latex resin composition.
The final latex resin compositions were then incorporated into a hair setting composition that included an aerosol ,,~. , , :
,. ... ~ .
J~ O
2~L208~7 propellant. These formulas are outlined in Tables IX and X. ~
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o ~ o : ' ' ~ ~ , J-~o 212~17 Exam~les 24-33 - The effect of ~olYmerisin~ in the ~resence of resin A series of resin compositions were prepared in the form of (1) a water insoluble latex; (2) a latex/water-soluble polymer (physical blend); and/or (3) a latex prepared in the presence of the water-soluble polymer ("emulsion~
The water insoluble latexes prepared included polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate (referred to as PMMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate). In each instance, :~ .
62.5g monomer (e.g. styrene) was polymerized in a solution of 250g water containing 12.5g lgepal C0660~ (surfactant), 0.5g sodium lauryl sulphate and 0.6g potassium persulphate.
The latex/water-soluble polymer (physical blend) was typi-cally formed by adding 45 g of the latex (22.3% resin) to 160 g of Amphomer LV-71~ solution and mixed for thirty (30) minutes.
Resins accordiny to the present invention were prepared by polymerizing monomer in the presence of Amphomer LV-71~ to form an "emulsion" resin. For instance, 24g styrene was polymerised in 225g water in the presence of 36g Amphomer LV-71~, ~.32g amino methyl propanol (AMP) and 0.15g potas-sium persulphate. The ratio of methyl methacrylate to butyl ;~-.
2~ 2~17 acylate was 60:40 in the poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate) latex blend and emulsion resin compositions.
:.''.~ ' ` ~ ' ' ' ' :
J~50 ~ 8~
TABLE XI
PUMP HAIRSPRAY FORMULATIONS
COMPONENT WEIGHT %
~__~__ ., Total Resin Composition 5.00 (~ active) : -Methyl Paraben 0.10 :~
. _ Triton X-100~ 0.20 Fragrance 0.20 DC 190~ Surfactant 0.15 Glydant 0.05 _ _ Cetearyl Octanoate 0.03 _ ~ __.___ ~0 .... . .
2~2~17 -___ __ ~ __ ___ æ_ _ s~
U~O'~ o I I V I l ~o I ~o V
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7'.'., ~.' ' ' ' .: .
2~2~817 Each of the resin compositions was formulated into a pump hairspray formulation as outlined in Table XI. The perform- ~;
ance and identity of the resin compositions is outlined under Table XII.
Based on the performance results outlined under Table XII, the following conclusions can be made:
A water-soluble polymer such as Amphomer LV-71~ by itself has very good film properties, very good hair hold capacity and exhibits clear gloss/shine. However, this water-soluble polymer, when used as the sole resin, exhibited poor spray properties. See Example 24.
The water-insoluble latex, when used as the sole resin, exhibited poor film properties, provided only a soft hairhold capacity and was unacceptably cloudy. See Examples 25, 28 and 31.
A physical blending of the water-soluble polymer and latex provided poor film properties as illustrated by the cornbina-tion of Amphomer~/polystyrene and of Amphomer~/PMMA. The hairhold capacity was also unacceptably soft for each of these resin compositions. See Examples 26 and 29 respect-ively.
Jf~ 2120~1 7 By contrast, the resin compositions wherein styrene and methylmethacrylate were each formed into latexes in the presence of Amphomer~, provided a resultant substance that had good film properties, good hairhold capacity and a cleargloss/shine. These results were unexpected. See Examples 27 and 30.
Poly(methylmethacrylate/butylacrylate) when combined with Amphomer~ either in a physical blend or as the "emulsion", ;
provided hairsprays that exhibited good film properties, good hairhold capacity and a clear gloss/shine. See Examples 32 and 33. This contrasts with Example 31 bases solely on poly(methacrylate/butylacrylate) as the resin, which exhibited poor film properties, inade~uate hairhold capacity and a cloudy gloss/shine.
The foregoing description and Examples illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. In light thereof, various modifications will be suggested to one skilled in the art, all of which are within the spirit and purview of this invention.
- : : :: :
,, ~ .
Claims (10)
1. An aqueous hairspray composition comprising:
(i) a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30%
by weight.
(ii) a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dis-persed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water insol-uble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water soluble polymer.
(i) a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30%
by weight.
(ii) a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dis-persed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water insol-uble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water soluble polymer.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the viscosity of the water-soluble polymer is less than about 15,000 cps.
3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the average particle size is no higher 1 micron.
4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the water-soluble polymer is amphoteric.
5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of water-soluble polymer to latex particles ranges from about 10:1 to about 1:10 by weight.
6. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of water-soluble polymer to latex particles ranges from about 2:1 to about 1:2.
7. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the latex is formed of monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, acrylic acid and C1-C20 esters, methacrylic acid and C1-C20 esters, vinyl acetate, crotonic acid and C1-C20 esters, vinyl neodecanoate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleic acid and esters, and combinations thereof.
8. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the latex is selected from the group consisting of styrene/butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate and combinations thereof.
9. A method for setting hair comprising contacting the hair with an aqueous hairspray composition comprising:
(i) a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight.
(ii) a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water insoluble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water soluble polymer.
(i) a water-soluble polymer having a solution viscosity at 10% in water of less than about 20,000 cps at 25°C, the polymer being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight.
(ii) a latex of water-insoluble polymeric particles dispersed in water, the average particle size being no higher than about 3 microns, the particles being present in an amount from about 1 to about 30% by weight and wherein the water insoluble polymeric particles are formed from respective monomers in the presence of the water soluble polymer.
10. An aqueous hairspray composition as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as described herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US4859293A | 1993-04-16 | 1993-04-16 | |
US08/048592 | 1993-04-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CA2120817A1 true CA2120817A1 (en) | 1994-10-17 |
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ID=21955394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CA 2120817 Abandoned CA2120817A1 (en) | 1993-04-16 | 1994-04-07 | Hairspray compositions |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2551221A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-13 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Agents and methods for the temporary shaping of keratin-containing fibers |
GB2551217A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-13 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Product and method for temporary shaping of keratin-containing fibers |
-
1994
- 1994-04-07 CA CA 2120817 patent/CA2120817A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2551221A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-13 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Agents and methods for the temporary shaping of keratin-containing fibers |
GB2551217A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-13 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Product and method for temporary shaping of keratin-containing fibers |
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