CA2117173A1 - Shock absorbing apparatus for hydrofoil watercraft - Google Patents
Shock absorbing apparatus for hydrofoil watercraftInfo
- Publication number
- CA2117173A1 CA2117173A1 CA002117173A CA2117173A CA2117173A1 CA 2117173 A1 CA2117173 A1 CA 2117173A1 CA 002117173 A CA002117173 A CA 002117173A CA 2117173 A CA2117173 A CA 2117173A CA 2117173 A1 CA2117173 A1 CA 2117173A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- foils
- foil
- hull
- shock absorbing
- shock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
- B63B1/242—Mounting, suspension of the foils
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Watercraft including a hull, a plurality of foils mounted on the hull for engaging a water surface, and shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of the foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a portion of the hull and providing at least partial absorption of shocks received from waves.
Watercraft including a hull, a plurality of foils mounted on the hull for engaging a water surface, and shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of the foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a portion of the hull and providing at least partial absorption of shocks received from waves.
Description
W093/04909 . PCT/US92/074~
21~7173 1 S~OCK ABSORBING APPARATUS FOR HYDROFOIL WATERCRAFT
:~ 4 The present invention relates to watercraft 6 generally and more particularly to hydrofoil 7 watercraft.
:` 8 11 There exists a variety of watercraft 12 including hydrofoils. A preferred embodiment of ~'i 13 watercraft including a retractable hydrofoil is ; 14 described in applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4 and in ~`. 15 the references cited therein.
16 There exists a general problem of shock 17 absorption in watercraft, which has long ago been 18 solved for land vehicles. In watercraft the hull is 19 directly impacted by surface variations in the water 2~ and the impact affects passengers and vehicle 21 oPerators in the bridge and on the decks of the craft.
,"2 22 High speed operation of watercraft of a size and weight -~
23 which is sensitive to such impacts often results in 24 discomfort and even injury to operators and often .j 25 requires limitations in operating speeds of watercraft, ~j 26 which would otherwise not be required.
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W093/04909 PCT/Us92/0?4~
~ 2 2117173 2 The present invention seeks to provide 3 improved watercraft which provides shock absorption 4 between 8 water engaging surface and at least a portion ~, 5 of the hull.
" 6 There is thus provided in accordance with a 7 preferred embodiment of the present invention, 8 watercraft including a hull, a plurality of foils 9 mounted in the hull for engaging a water surface and 1~ shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of 11 foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a 12 portion of the hull and providing at least partial 13 absorption of shocks received from waves.
14 The term "foil" is to be understood in a 15 broad sense to include any hydrodynamic surface which 16 is separate from the hull of the watercraft.
17 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of 18 the invention, the plurality o~ foils may be ~' 19 retractable.
2~ Preferably the shock absorbing apparatus 21 includes pivotably mounted shock absorbers engaging the 22 plurality of foils on opposite surfaces thereof.
23 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of 24 the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 25 includes apparatus for accommodating variations in the ~ 26 position of the plurality of foils.
`~ 27 Additionally in accordance with a preferred `` 28 embodiment of the invention, the foils include shock * 29 absorber engagement grooves formed in opposite surfaces - 3~ thereof and the shock absorbing apparatus includes 31 apparatus for engaging the grooves at different 32 locations therealong depending on the positions of the 33 foils.
34 Further in accordance with a preferred 35 embodiment of the invention there is provided shock -. 36 absorber mounted apparatus for selectably retracting 37 the plurality of foils.
38 Additionally in accordance with a preferred ~' .
: ~.,;.- ~ - , . -- W093/04909 PCT/US92/07~
-' 3 21~7173 1 embodiment of the invention the shock absorber mounted 2 apparatus ~or selectably retracting the plurality of 3 foils includes a motor driven worm gear assembly ~ 4 operatively engaging a threaded groove formed on a .~ 5 surface of each of the plurality of foils.
~, - 6 Further in accordance with a 'preferred ` 7 embodiment of the presènt invention, each of the ,~ 8 plurality of foils includes a main portion and a tip 9 portion which is selectably positionable relative to the main portion.
~; 11 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 12 embodiment of the present invention there is provided 13 automatically operable hydraulic apparatus for 14 positioning the tip portion relative to the main 15 portion 85 a function of the angular orientation of the ~, 16 foil.
17 In all of the following operational ~odes, 18 the system comprises a hull including hydrofoils, the ;`1 19 hull being affected by waves all of the time or part of 2~ the time.
21 The foils may operate as full hydrofoils 22 supporting the entire weight of the craft or as partial 23 hydrofoils supporting only part of the weight of the ~i 24 craft, while the rest of the weight is supported by 25 buoyancy or dynamically by a planing bottom having a ~, 26 sufficient plPning surface to create required lift.
27 The foils may operate not only as hydrofoils but also 28 as planing surfaces extending the natural hull planing ~ 29 surface, enabling a craft to maintain planing at a ;- 3~ higher displacement. In this mode, part of the foil 31 surface may act as a planing surface, while the part 32 submerged in water acts as a foil element. The foils 33 may further operate as stabilizers designed to prevent 34 excessive craft motion in rough water operation. For ~` 35 certain sizes of water craft the shock absorber system - 36 may contribute to overall improved craft motion.
37 Generally speaking, one of the essential 38 features of the present invention is the provision of ., , ~ , ....
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/i W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
1 shock absorbing apparatus associated with a plurality 2 of hydrodynamic surfaces, which may serve several 3 functions.
4 When the relative hydrodynamically developed 5 lift forces of the hydrodynamic surfaces are high in 6 relation to the weight of the water craft, ~he shock 7 absorbing apparatus wi`ll dampen hull vertical 8 acceleration and improve the comfort of operators and 9 passengers. Hydrodynamic surfaces may be hydrofoils or 1~ planing surfaces, retractable or non-retractable, as '1 described hereinbelow.
12 For large water craft, the shock absorbing 13 apparatus will dampen vertical acceleration of the 14 hydrodynamic surfaces, as opposed to the hull, in 15 violent storm conditions or in the presence of 16 underwster explosions creating great impacts on the 17 hydrodynamic surfaces. This serves to protect the 18 hydrodynamic surfaces and to prevent tearing out of 19 hinges and anchoring. After the acceleration has 2~ subsided, the hydrodynamic surfaces will continue to 21 operate in a more or less fixed position relative to 22 the hull or may even operate while in damped motion 23 relative to the hull.
24 In large water craft equipped with shock 25 absorbing apparatus associated with a plurality of 26 hydrodynamic surfaces, the hydrodynamic surfaces may 27 serve as stabilizers designed to decrease rolling in 28 rough conditions. In submarines, hydrodynamic surfaces 29 may be control surfaces such as diving fins.
3~ Wherever hydrodynamic surfaces are required, 31 and especially where retractability is needed, 32 attachment of hydrodynamic surfaces associated with 33 shock absorbing apparatus to watercraft improves the 34 reliability and protects the attachment thereof to the 35 hull by absorbing forces and moments exerted on the 36 hydrodynamic surfaces.
37 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 38 embodiment of the present invention, the shock . . .
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W093/04909 P~T/US92/074~
21~7173 1 absorbing apparatus comprise fluid filled pillows.
2 Preferably, the fluid filled pillows are 3 arranged on opposite sides of each foil and are ; 4 arranged to permit fluid flow between at least one ~;
` 5 pillow on one side of each foil to at least one pillow 6 on the other side of the foil.
7 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of ` 8 the present invention. a valve is interposed between at ;. 9 least one pillow on one side of each foil and at least , 1~ one pillow on the other side of the foil to control the 11 fluid flow therebetween.
12 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 13 embodiment of the invention, apparatus may be provided ~ 14 from the fluid filled pillows to the hydraulic -~ 15 apparatus.
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r ` 32 '' ~-~ W093/0490~ 2 1 ~ 7 ~ 7 3 PcTJUs92/o74~
-~ 1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIN~S
3 The present invention will be understood and 4 appreciated more fully from the following detaiIed 5 description, taken in conjunction with the drawings in 6 which: ~
7 Fig. 1 is a par~ially schematic, partially 8 pictorial illustration of watercraft including shock 9 absorbers in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
11 Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C are illustrations of the 12 operation of the watercraft of Fig. 1 wherein the foils 13 and the shock absorbers are in three different 14 operative orientations;
Figs. 3A and 3B are respective side view and 16 bottom view illustrations of the watercraft of Fig. 1, 17 each of which illustrates the orientations of the foils 18 in the three different operative orientations shown 19 respectively in Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C;
2~ Fig. 4 illustrates part of shock absorber 21 equipped apparatus for retracting foils which is useful 22 in the embodiment of Figs. l - 3B;
23 Figs. 5A and 5B are illustrations of the 24 apparatus of Fig. 4 in engagement with foils in two 25 alternative foil orientations; Fig. 5C is an 26 illustration of part of the underside of a foil in the 27 configuration of Figs. 5A and 5B;
28 Figs. 6A and 6B are illustrations of part of 29 the apparatus of Fig. 4 in engagement with foils in 3~ respective extended and retracted orientations;
31 Fig. 7 is a simplified illustration of 32 apparatus for mounting a foil and for governing the 33 orien~ation of the tip thereof;
34 Fig. 8 is a simplified illustration of part 35 of the apparatus of Fig. 7;
36 Figs. 9A and 9B are illustrations of part of 37 the foil of Fig. 7 in respective bent and straight 38 orientations;
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1 Fig. 10 is a simplified pictorial , 2 illustration of a portion of the apparatus of Fig. 7;
-, 3 Figs. llA and llB are respective general and , 4 detailed illustrations of the use of an alternative 5 embodiment of shock absorbers in accordance with a 6 preferred embodiment of the invention;
7 Figs. 12A, 12B and 12C are illustrations of 8 the operation of the apparatus of Figs. llA and llB
9 wherein the foils and the shock absorbers are in three different operative orientations;
11 Figs. 13A and 13B are respective side 12 sectional view illustrations of the apparatus of Figs.
13 llA and llB, each of which illustrates the orientations 14 of the foils in a different operative orientation;
Fig. 14 illustrates part of shock absorber 16 equipped apparatus for foils which is useful ln the 17 embodiment of Figs. llA - 13B; and 18 Fig. 15 is a simplified illustration of i~ 19 apparatus for mounting a foil and for governing the 2~ orientation of the tip thereof in accordance with ;- 21 another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
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3 Reference is now made to Figs. 1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 4 3A and 3B, which illustrate watercraft constructed and 5 operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of 6 the present invention. The watercraft compris~es a hull 7 10 and at least one pair`of hydrofoils 12 associated 8 with the hull for engagement with water. In accordance 9 with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, shock sbsorbing apparatus is provided for absorbing 11 mechanical shocks received from the waves and 12 preventing them from being fully transferred to at 13 least a portion of the hull.
14 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 16 comprises at least one shock absorber 16 associated 17 with each foil 12 to absorb upwardly directed forces 18 imparted thereto as a result of upward wave motion, and 19 at least one shock absorber 18 associated with each 20 foil to absorb downwardly directed forces imparted 21 thereto as a result of the post-wave descending motion 22 of the craft.
It is noted that the shock absorbers 16 and 24 18 are preferably pivotably mounted with respect to the 25 foils 12 and are mounted onto the hull by means of 26 brackets 20 engaging a pivotably mountable base 22.
27 The shock absorbers may be of any suitable construction 28 and may be commercially available mechanical, hydraulic 29 or pneumatic shock absorbers, such as Catalog No. R1~61 3~ of Monroe, Inc. of the V.S.A .
31 The extension and retraction of the shock 32 absorbers ~6 and 18 with different relative 33 orientations of the foils 12 can readily be seen from a 34 consideration of Figs. 2A - 2c and 3A - 3B which 35 illustrate two extreme orientations and an intermediate 36 orientation of the foils 12 relative to the hull 1~.
37 In accordance with the teachings of 38 applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4, the foils may be :
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W093/~909 PCT/US92/07444 1 retractable.
2 Reference is now made to Figs. 4 - 6B, which 3 illustrate an embodiment of the invention employing 4 retractable foils. In this embodiment, there is 5 provided foil retraction and shock absorbing apparatus 6 3~. typically comprising a pivotably mountable base 32 7 srranged along a pivot mounting axis 34, mounted by 8 means of brackets 28 onto the hull, and onto which are 9 mounted a pair of shock absorbers 36, of any suitable 1~ type. Shock absorbers 36 preferably extend generally 11 perpendicular to axis 34 and support a foil retraction 12 subassembly 38. Subassembly 38 includes a frame 4~ onto 13 which are mounted a motor 42 of any suitable type, 14 which drives, via suitable gearing 44, a worm gear 46.
15 Worm gear 46 operatively engages gearing grooves 48 16 formed in or otherwise associated with a retractable 17 hydrofoil 12, as illustrated in Figs. 6A and 5B.
18 Rotation of the worm gear 46 in engagement with gearing 19 grooves 48 provides extension or retraction of the 2~ hydrofoil 12 relative ~o the hull.
21 It is a particular feature of the embodiment 22 of Figs. 4 - 6B, thst irrespective of the orientation 23 of ~he hydrofoil 12, which may be at any suitable 24 orientation at or between its extreme positions 25 illustrated in Figs. 6A and 6B, shock absorption is 26 provided by the shock absorbers 36 (Fig. 4) operating 27 in cooperation with additional shock absorbers 5 28 ar~anged at an opposite surface of the foil 12.
29 Foil 12 is supported in the hull in any 3~ orientation by means of a ball pivot and pin assembly 31 49 and an edge of an opening 52 and is positioned by 32 shock absorbers 36 having associated therewith worm 33 gear 46, which engages groove 48 on the upper surface 34 of the foil, paired with shock absorber 5~, having associated therewith a ball pivot end 51 which engages 36 a correspondingly located groove 53 on the underneath 37 surface of the foil (Fig. 5C).
Reference is now made to Figs. 7 - 9s, which ~, ;
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,`'1:, ~ ' W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
, 10 2117173 1 illustrate hydraulic apparatus for governing the 2 orientation of the tip 6~ of a hydrofoil 62 relative to 3 the main portion 64 of the hydrofoil.
4 A foil mounting pin Z~1 has integrally formed therein a hydraulic valve 2~2. The pin 2~1 is 6 pivotably seated in a socket 2~7 integrally ~ormed in a 7 wall 2~8 of the hull. Also integrally formed in wall 8 2~8 is a cavity 211 for seating a ball pivot protrusion 9 2~5, integrally formed in hydrofoil 62. Formed in wall 1~ of ball pivot protrusion 2~5 is elongated groove 2~6 11 (Fig. 1~).
12 As the hydrofoil 62 changes its angle in the 13 plane of Fig. 7 and the shock absorbers are operative, 14 pivot protrusion 2~5 moves relative to pin 201 causing 15 pin 2~1 to be in different relative positions along 16 groove 2~6. This hydrofoil motion forces a valve 17 control handle 2~3 to change its position relative to 18 valve 2~2, thus effecting opening and closing of the 19 valve. Valve 2~2 is connected via hydraulic conduits 2~ 2~4 to a power supply 2~9 which activates pistons 21~.
21 Pistons 21~ activate cables 214 which effect a pivotal 22 change in position of the tip 6~ of hydrofoil 62 23 relative to main portion 64 thereof about a generally 24 cylindrically shaped pivot 212, which may be made of 25 any flexible substance such as flexible polyurethane.
26 Reference is now made to Figs. llA, llB, 12A, 27 12B, 12C, 13A, 13B, 14 and 15 which illustrate 28 watercraft constructed and operative in accordance with 29 another preferred embodinent of the present invention.
30 The watercraft comprises a hull 31~ and at least one 31 pair of hydrofoils 312 associated with the hull for 32 engagement with water. In accordance with a preferred 33 embodiment of the present invention, fluid filled 34 resilient shock absorbing apparatus is provided for 35 absorbing mechanical shocks received from the waves and 36 preventing them from being fully transferred to at 37 least a portion of the hull.
38 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of .
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:. : . ' : -, ': . ' W093/04909 PCT~US92/074~
~ ` 2117173 1 the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 2 comprises a pair of fluid filled pillow assemblies 316 3 associated with each foil 312 to absorb upwardly - 4 directed forces imparted thereto as a result of upward ~ 5 wave motion, and downwardly directed forces imparted i 6 thereto as a result of the post-wave descendi'ng motion - 7 of the craft.
~` 8 It is noted that the fluid filled pillow 9 assemblies 316 are relatively flexible and thus can 1~ accommodate some pivotal motion of the foils 312 about ~` 11 ball pivots 317 in response to actuation of a piston 12 and cylinder combination 318 operatively connected 13 thereto and to hull 31~.
-. 14 Pillow assemblies 316 each typically comprise 15 a plurality of fluid filled pillows 319, typically 16 formed of suitable conventional rubber or plastic 17 materials and filled with gas or a liquid. Normally the 18 interiors of the fluid filled pillows of each assembly 19 319 are not interconnected, but rather the corre-2~ sponding individual pillows 319 of a pair of pillow 21 assemblies 316 lying on opposite sides of a foil 312 22 are interconnected by suitable conduit 32~ and valves ~;~ 23 324, which govern the rate of fluid flow therebetween 24 and thus the amount and rate of damping produced by the ~25 assemblies. Valves 324 may be manually or automatically 26 controlled to vary the operating parameters of the 27 shock absorbing apparatus for optimum performance under 28 various conditions.
29 Pillow assemblies 316 are mounted onto the 30 hull 31~ by means of brackets 325 and onto the foils 31 312 by means of a mounting assembly 326, which is : 32 illustrated in Fig. llB. It is seen from Fig. llB that ; 33 an elongate curved recess 327 extending along the 34 peripheral edge of foil 312 is slidably engaged by low friction solidified filling material 328, which forms 36 part of a bracket 329 to which both of the pair of 37 pillow assemblies 316 are mounted.
38 The slidable engagement between material 328 , ,. !
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~ W093/04909 2 1 ~ 7 ~ 7 3 PCT/US92/074~
1 and foil 312 is designed to accommodate pivotal motion 2 of the foils 312 about ball pivots 317 in response to 3 actuation of a piston and cylinder combination 318 4 operatively connected thereto.
The extension and retraction of the pillow 6 assemblies 316 with different relative orientations of 7 the foils 312 can readily be seen from a consideration 8 of Figs. 12A - 12C, 13A and 13B which illustrate two 9 extreme orientations and an intermediate orientation of 1~ the foils 312 relative to the hull 31~.
11 In accordance with the teachings of 12 applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4, the foils may be 13 retractable as by piston and cylinder assembly 318.
14 They are preferably fully retractable into the hull 31 15 via a slot 33~.
16 Reference is now made to Figs. 15, which 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment of hydraulic 18 apparatus for governing the orientation of the tip 36~
19 of a hydrofoil 362 relative to the main portion 364 of 2~ the hydrofoil.
21 A foil mounting pin 4~1 has integrally formed 22 therein a hydraulic valve 4~2. The pin 4~1 is 23 pivotably seated in a socket 4~7 integrally formed in a 24 wall 4~8 of the hull. Also integrally formed in wall 25 4~8 is a cavity 411 for seating a ball pivot protrusion 26 4~5, integrally formed in hydrofoil 362, similarly to 27 the embodiment of Figs. 7 and 1~. As the 28 hydrofoil 362 changes its angle in the plane of Fig. 15 29 and the shock absorbing apparatus is operative, hydro-30 foil motion forces a valve control handle 4~3 to change 31 its position relative to valve 4~2, thus effecting 32 opening and closing of the valve. Valve 4~2 is 33 connected via hydraulic conduits 4~4 to a power supply 34 4~9 which activates pistons 41~.
~istons 41~ activate cables 414 which effect 36 a pivotal change in position of the tip 36G of 37 hydrofoil 362 relative to main portion 364 thereof 38 about a generally cylindrically shaped pivot 412, which ,~ .
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~ W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
; 13 2117~73 1 may be made of any flexible substance such as flexible 2 polyurethane. Alternatively the mounting of tip 36~
- 3 relative to main portion 364 may be by means Or an 4 ordinary hinge or a ball mounting.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of `. 6 the invention, pistons 410 each receive a fluidic input ,~ 7 from a respective one of the pillow assemblies 316 via 8 a respective conduit 430.
9 The apparatus of Fig. 15 enables the angular ; 1~ orientation of the tip 36~ relative to the water 11 surface to be maintained notwithstanding changes of the 12 orientation of the main portion 364.
13 It will be appreciated by persons skilled in 14 the art that the present invention is not limited by 15 what has been particularly shown and described ` 16 hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention ~ 17 is defined only by the claims which follow:
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21~7173 1 S~OCK ABSORBING APPARATUS FOR HYDROFOIL WATERCRAFT
:~ 4 The present invention relates to watercraft 6 generally and more particularly to hydrofoil 7 watercraft.
:` 8 11 There exists a variety of watercraft 12 including hydrofoils. A preferred embodiment of ~'i 13 watercraft including a retractable hydrofoil is ; 14 described in applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4 and in ~`. 15 the references cited therein.
16 There exists a general problem of shock 17 absorption in watercraft, which has long ago been 18 solved for land vehicles. In watercraft the hull is 19 directly impacted by surface variations in the water 2~ and the impact affects passengers and vehicle 21 oPerators in the bridge and on the decks of the craft.
,"2 22 High speed operation of watercraft of a size and weight -~
23 which is sensitive to such impacts often results in 24 discomfort and even injury to operators and often .j 25 requires limitations in operating speeds of watercraft, ~j 26 which would otherwise not be required.
~, 29 :~
``' 31 'J, 32 .i~ 33 .i 34 ^~ 35 f~ 36 . .
`` 37 .. 38 .
"
W093/04909 PCT/Us92/0?4~
~ 2 2117173 2 The present invention seeks to provide 3 improved watercraft which provides shock absorption 4 between 8 water engaging surface and at least a portion ~, 5 of the hull.
" 6 There is thus provided in accordance with a 7 preferred embodiment of the present invention, 8 watercraft including a hull, a plurality of foils 9 mounted in the hull for engaging a water surface and 1~ shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of 11 foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a 12 portion of the hull and providing at least partial 13 absorption of shocks received from waves.
14 The term "foil" is to be understood in a 15 broad sense to include any hydrodynamic surface which 16 is separate from the hull of the watercraft.
17 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of 18 the invention, the plurality o~ foils may be ~' 19 retractable.
2~ Preferably the shock absorbing apparatus 21 includes pivotably mounted shock absorbers engaging the 22 plurality of foils on opposite surfaces thereof.
23 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of 24 the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 25 includes apparatus for accommodating variations in the ~ 26 position of the plurality of foils.
`~ 27 Additionally in accordance with a preferred `` 28 embodiment of the invention, the foils include shock * 29 absorber engagement grooves formed in opposite surfaces - 3~ thereof and the shock absorbing apparatus includes 31 apparatus for engaging the grooves at different 32 locations therealong depending on the positions of the 33 foils.
34 Further in accordance with a preferred 35 embodiment of the invention there is provided shock -. 36 absorber mounted apparatus for selectably retracting 37 the plurality of foils.
38 Additionally in accordance with a preferred ~' .
: ~.,;.- ~ - , . -- W093/04909 PCT/US92/07~
-' 3 21~7173 1 embodiment of the invention the shock absorber mounted 2 apparatus ~or selectably retracting the plurality of 3 foils includes a motor driven worm gear assembly ~ 4 operatively engaging a threaded groove formed on a .~ 5 surface of each of the plurality of foils.
~, - 6 Further in accordance with a 'preferred ` 7 embodiment of the presènt invention, each of the ,~ 8 plurality of foils includes a main portion and a tip 9 portion which is selectably positionable relative to the main portion.
~; 11 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 12 embodiment of the present invention there is provided 13 automatically operable hydraulic apparatus for 14 positioning the tip portion relative to the main 15 portion 85 a function of the angular orientation of the ~, 16 foil.
17 In all of the following operational ~odes, 18 the system comprises a hull including hydrofoils, the ;`1 19 hull being affected by waves all of the time or part of 2~ the time.
21 The foils may operate as full hydrofoils 22 supporting the entire weight of the craft or as partial 23 hydrofoils supporting only part of the weight of the ~i 24 craft, while the rest of the weight is supported by 25 buoyancy or dynamically by a planing bottom having a ~, 26 sufficient plPning surface to create required lift.
27 The foils may operate not only as hydrofoils but also 28 as planing surfaces extending the natural hull planing ~ 29 surface, enabling a craft to maintain planing at a ;- 3~ higher displacement. In this mode, part of the foil 31 surface may act as a planing surface, while the part 32 submerged in water acts as a foil element. The foils 33 may further operate as stabilizers designed to prevent 34 excessive craft motion in rough water operation. For ~` 35 certain sizes of water craft the shock absorber system - 36 may contribute to overall improved craft motion.
37 Generally speaking, one of the essential 38 features of the present invention is the provision of ., , ~ , ....
;.~ ~, . -. :
/i W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
1 shock absorbing apparatus associated with a plurality 2 of hydrodynamic surfaces, which may serve several 3 functions.
4 When the relative hydrodynamically developed 5 lift forces of the hydrodynamic surfaces are high in 6 relation to the weight of the water craft, ~he shock 7 absorbing apparatus wi`ll dampen hull vertical 8 acceleration and improve the comfort of operators and 9 passengers. Hydrodynamic surfaces may be hydrofoils or 1~ planing surfaces, retractable or non-retractable, as '1 described hereinbelow.
12 For large water craft, the shock absorbing 13 apparatus will dampen vertical acceleration of the 14 hydrodynamic surfaces, as opposed to the hull, in 15 violent storm conditions or in the presence of 16 underwster explosions creating great impacts on the 17 hydrodynamic surfaces. This serves to protect the 18 hydrodynamic surfaces and to prevent tearing out of 19 hinges and anchoring. After the acceleration has 2~ subsided, the hydrodynamic surfaces will continue to 21 operate in a more or less fixed position relative to 22 the hull or may even operate while in damped motion 23 relative to the hull.
24 In large water craft equipped with shock 25 absorbing apparatus associated with a plurality of 26 hydrodynamic surfaces, the hydrodynamic surfaces may 27 serve as stabilizers designed to decrease rolling in 28 rough conditions. In submarines, hydrodynamic surfaces 29 may be control surfaces such as diving fins.
3~ Wherever hydrodynamic surfaces are required, 31 and especially where retractability is needed, 32 attachment of hydrodynamic surfaces associated with 33 shock absorbing apparatus to watercraft improves the 34 reliability and protects the attachment thereof to the 35 hull by absorbing forces and moments exerted on the 36 hydrodynamic surfaces.
37 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 38 embodiment of the present invention, the shock . . .
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W093/04909 P~T/US92/074~
21~7173 1 absorbing apparatus comprise fluid filled pillows.
2 Preferably, the fluid filled pillows are 3 arranged on opposite sides of each foil and are ; 4 arranged to permit fluid flow between at least one ~;
` 5 pillow on one side of each foil to at least one pillow 6 on the other side of the foil.
7 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of ` 8 the present invention. a valve is interposed between at ;. 9 least one pillow on one side of each foil and at least , 1~ one pillow on the other side of the foil to control the 11 fluid flow therebetween.
12 Additionally in accordance with a preferred 13 embodiment of the invention, apparatus may be provided ~ 14 from the fluid filled pillows to the hydraulic -~ 15 apparatus.
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r ` 32 '' ~-~ W093/0490~ 2 1 ~ 7 ~ 7 3 PcTJUs92/o74~
-~ 1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIN~S
3 The present invention will be understood and 4 appreciated more fully from the following detaiIed 5 description, taken in conjunction with the drawings in 6 which: ~
7 Fig. 1 is a par~ially schematic, partially 8 pictorial illustration of watercraft including shock 9 absorbers in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
11 Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C are illustrations of the 12 operation of the watercraft of Fig. 1 wherein the foils 13 and the shock absorbers are in three different 14 operative orientations;
Figs. 3A and 3B are respective side view and 16 bottom view illustrations of the watercraft of Fig. 1, 17 each of which illustrates the orientations of the foils 18 in the three different operative orientations shown 19 respectively in Figs. 2A, 2B and 2C;
2~ Fig. 4 illustrates part of shock absorber 21 equipped apparatus for retracting foils which is useful 22 in the embodiment of Figs. l - 3B;
23 Figs. 5A and 5B are illustrations of the 24 apparatus of Fig. 4 in engagement with foils in two 25 alternative foil orientations; Fig. 5C is an 26 illustration of part of the underside of a foil in the 27 configuration of Figs. 5A and 5B;
28 Figs. 6A and 6B are illustrations of part of 29 the apparatus of Fig. 4 in engagement with foils in 3~ respective extended and retracted orientations;
31 Fig. 7 is a simplified illustration of 32 apparatus for mounting a foil and for governing the 33 orien~ation of the tip thereof;
34 Fig. 8 is a simplified illustration of part 35 of the apparatus of Fig. 7;
36 Figs. 9A and 9B are illustrations of part of 37 the foil of Fig. 7 in respective bent and straight 38 orientations;
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1 Fig. 10 is a simplified pictorial , 2 illustration of a portion of the apparatus of Fig. 7;
-, 3 Figs. llA and llB are respective general and , 4 detailed illustrations of the use of an alternative 5 embodiment of shock absorbers in accordance with a 6 preferred embodiment of the invention;
7 Figs. 12A, 12B and 12C are illustrations of 8 the operation of the apparatus of Figs. llA and llB
9 wherein the foils and the shock absorbers are in three different operative orientations;
11 Figs. 13A and 13B are respective side 12 sectional view illustrations of the apparatus of Figs.
13 llA and llB, each of which illustrates the orientations 14 of the foils in a different operative orientation;
Fig. 14 illustrates part of shock absorber 16 equipped apparatus for foils which is useful ln the 17 embodiment of Figs. llA - 13B; and 18 Fig. 15 is a simplified illustration of i~ 19 apparatus for mounting a foil and for governing the 2~ orientation of the tip thereof in accordance with ;- 21 another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
.
.~
`,', 37 . j ' i", . ~ ~ ' .' , ' ' '~ . " , ' '' ' ~ ' ' ~' : r,, W093/04909 2 ~ i 7 1 7 3 PCTJUS92tO74~
3 Reference is now made to Figs. 1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 4 3A and 3B, which illustrate watercraft constructed and 5 operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of 6 the present invention. The watercraft compris~es a hull 7 10 and at least one pair`of hydrofoils 12 associated 8 with the hull for engagement with water. In accordance 9 with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, shock sbsorbing apparatus is provided for absorbing 11 mechanical shocks received from the waves and 12 preventing them from being fully transferred to at 13 least a portion of the hull.
14 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 16 comprises at least one shock absorber 16 associated 17 with each foil 12 to absorb upwardly directed forces 18 imparted thereto as a result of upward wave motion, and 19 at least one shock absorber 18 associated with each 20 foil to absorb downwardly directed forces imparted 21 thereto as a result of the post-wave descending motion 22 of the craft.
It is noted that the shock absorbers 16 and 24 18 are preferably pivotably mounted with respect to the 25 foils 12 and are mounted onto the hull by means of 26 brackets 20 engaging a pivotably mountable base 22.
27 The shock absorbers may be of any suitable construction 28 and may be commercially available mechanical, hydraulic 29 or pneumatic shock absorbers, such as Catalog No. R1~61 3~ of Monroe, Inc. of the V.S.A .
31 The extension and retraction of the shock 32 absorbers ~6 and 18 with different relative 33 orientations of the foils 12 can readily be seen from a 34 consideration of Figs. 2A - 2c and 3A - 3B which 35 illustrate two extreme orientations and an intermediate 36 orientation of the foils 12 relative to the hull 1~.
37 In accordance with the teachings of 38 applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4, the foils may be :
~::
, ' ,'' ' ~"' ~' : ., :
;
:
- ~ ..
. ~ :
' :: : : -. ::: ~:
W093/~909 PCT/US92/07444 1 retractable.
2 Reference is now made to Figs. 4 - 6B, which 3 illustrate an embodiment of the invention employing 4 retractable foils. In this embodiment, there is 5 provided foil retraction and shock absorbing apparatus 6 3~. typically comprising a pivotably mountable base 32 7 srranged along a pivot mounting axis 34, mounted by 8 means of brackets 28 onto the hull, and onto which are 9 mounted a pair of shock absorbers 36, of any suitable 1~ type. Shock absorbers 36 preferably extend generally 11 perpendicular to axis 34 and support a foil retraction 12 subassembly 38. Subassembly 38 includes a frame 4~ onto 13 which are mounted a motor 42 of any suitable type, 14 which drives, via suitable gearing 44, a worm gear 46.
15 Worm gear 46 operatively engages gearing grooves 48 16 formed in or otherwise associated with a retractable 17 hydrofoil 12, as illustrated in Figs. 6A and 5B.
18 Rotation of the worm gear 46 in engagement with gearing 19 grooves 48 provides extension or retraction of the 2~ hydrofoil 12 relative ~o the hull.
21 It is a particular feature of the embodiment 22 of Figs. 4 - 6B, thst irrespective of the orientation 23 of ~he hydrofoil 12, which may be at any suitable 24 orientation at or between its extreme positions 25 illustrated in Figs. 6A and 6B, shock absorption is 26 provided by the shock absorbers 36 (Fig. 4) operating 27 in cooperation with additional shock absorbers 5 28 ar~anged at an opposite surface of the foil 12.
29 Foil 12 is supported in the hull in any 3~ orientation by means of a ball pivot and pin assembly 31 49 and an edge of an opening 52 and is positioned by 32 shock absorbers 36 having associated therewith worm 33 gear 46, which engages groove 48 on the upper surface 34 of the foil, paired with shock absorber 5~, having associated therewith a ball pivot end 51 which engages 36 a correspondingly located groove 53 on the underneath 37 surface of the foil (Fig. 5C).
Reference is now made to Figs. 7 - 9s, which ~, ;
., ,.-~ .
,`'1:, ~ ' W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
, 10 2117173 1 illustrate hydraulic apparatus for governing the 2 orientation of the tip 6~ of a hydrofoil 62 relative to 3 the main portion 64 of the hydrofoil.
4 A foil mounting pin Z~1 has integrally formed therein a hydraulic valve 2~2. The pin 2~1 is 6 pivotably seated in a socket 2~7 integrally ~ormed in a 7 wall 2~8 of the hull. Also integrally formed in wall 8 2~8 is a cavity 211 for seating a ball pivot protrusion 9 2~5, integrally formed in hydrofoil 62. Formed in wall 1~ of ball pivot protrusion 2~5 is elongated groove 2~6 11 (Fig. 1~).
12 As the hydrofoil 62 changes its angle in the 13 plane of Fig. 7 and the shock absorbers are operative, 14 pivot protrusion 2~5 moves relative to pin 201 causing 15 pin 2~1 to be in different relative positions along 16 groove 2~6. This hydrofoil motion forces a valve 17 control handle 2~3 to change its position relative to 18 valve 2~2, thus effecting opening and closing of the 19 valve. Valve 2~2 is connected via hydraulic conduits 2~ 2~4 to a power supply 2~9 which activates pistons 21~.
21 Pistons 21~ activate cables 214 which effect a pivotal 22 change in position of the tip 6~ of hydrofoil 62 23 relative to main portion 64 thereof about a generally 24 cylindrically shaped pivot 212, which may be made of 25 any flexible substance such as flexible polyurethane.
26 Reference is now made to Figs. llA, llB, 12A, 27 12B, 12C, 13A, 13B, 14 and 15 which illustrate 28 watercraft constructed and operative in accordance with 29 another preferred embodinent of the present invention.
30 The watercraft comprises a hull 31~ and at least one 31 pair of hydrofoils 312 associated with the hull for 32 engagement with water. In accordance with a preferred 33 embodiment of the present invention, fluid filled 34 resilient shock absorbing apparatus is provided for 35 absorbing mechanical shocks received from the waves and 36 preventing them from being fully transferred to at 37 least a portion of the hull.
38 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of .
:
:. : . ' : -, ': . ' W093/04909 PCT~US92/074~
~ ` 2117173 1 the present invention, the shock absorbing apparatus 2 comprises a pair of fluid filled pillow assemblies 316 3 associated with each foil 312 to absorb upwardly - 4 directed forces imparted thereto as a result of upward ~ 5 wave motion, and downwardly directed forces imparted i 6 thereto as a result of the post-wave descendi'ng motion - 7 of the craft.
~` 8 It is noted that the fluid filled pillow 9 assemblies 316 are relatively flexible and thus can 1~ accommodate some pivotal motion of the foils 312 about ~` 11 ball pivots 317 in response to actuation of a piston 12 and cylinder combination 318 operatively connected 13 thereto and to hull 31~.
-. 14 Pillow assemblies 316 each typically comprise 15 a plurality of fluid filled pillows 319, typically 16 formed of suitable conventional rubber or plastic 17 materials and filled with gas or a liquid. Normally the 18 interiors of the fluid filled pillows of each assembly 19 319 are not interconnected, but rather the corre-2~ sponding individual pillows 319 of a pair of pillow 21 assemblies 316 lying on opposite sides of a foil 312 22 are interconnected by suitable conduit 32~ and valves ~;~ 23 324, which govern the rate of fluid flow therebetween 24 and thus the amount and rate of damping produced by the ~25 assemblies. Valves 324 may be manually or automatically 26 controlled to vary the operating parameters of the 27 shock absorbing apparatus for optimum performance under 28 various conditions.
29 Pillow assemblies 316 are mounted onto the 30 hull 31~ by means of brackets 325 and onto the foils 31 312 by means of a mounting assembly 326, which is : 32 illustrated in Fig. llB. It is seen from Fig. llB that ; 33 an elongate curved recess 327 extending along the 34 peripheral edge of foil 312 is slidably engaged by low friction solidified filling material 328, which forms 36 part of a bracket 329 to which both of the pair of 37 pillow assemblies 316 are mounted.
38 The slidable engagement between material 328 , ,. !
.``. ` .
,` ,`' , ~
~ W093/04909 2 1 ~ 7 ~ 7 3 PCT/US92/074~
1 and foil 312 is designed to accommodate pivotal motion 2 of the foils 312 about ball pivots 317 in response to 3 actuation of a piston and cylinder combination 318 4 operatively connected thereto.
The extension and retraction of the pillow 6 assemblies 316 with different relative orientations of 7 the foils 312 can readily be seen from a consideration 8 of Figs. 12A - 12C, 13A and 13B which illustrate two 9 extreme orientations and an intermediate orientation of 1~ the foils 312 relative to the hull 31~.
11 In accordance with the teachings of 12 applicant's U.S. Patent 4,715,3~4, the foils may be 13 retractable as by piston and cylinder assembly 318.
14 They are preferably fully retractable into the hull 31 15 via a slot 33~.
16 Reference is now made to Figs. 15, which 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment of hydraulic 18 apparatus for governing the orientation of the tip 36~
19 of a hydrofoil 362 relative to the main portion 364 of 2~ the hydrofoil.
21 A foil mounting pin 4~1 has integrally formed 22 therein a hydraulic valve 4~2. The pin 4~1 is 23 pivotably seated in a socket 4~7 integrally formed in a 24 wall 4~8 of the hull. Also integrally formed in wall 25 4~8 is a cavity 411 for seating a ball pivot protrusion 26 4~5, integrally formed in hydrofoil 362, similarly to 27 the embodiment of Figs. 7 and 1~. As the 28 hydrofoil 362 changes its angle in the plane of Fig. 15 29 and the shock absorbing apparatus is operative, hydro-30 foil motion forces a valve control handle 4~3 to change 31 its position relative to valve 4~2, thus effecting 32 opening and closing of the valve. Valve 4~2 is 33 connected via hydraulic conduits 4~4 to a power supply 34 4~9 which activates pistons 41~.
~istons 41~ activate cables 414 which effect 36 a pivotal change in position of the tip 36G of 37 hydrofoil 362 relative to main portion 364 thereof 38 about a generally cylindrically shaped pivot 412, which ,~ .
,..
~ W093/04909 PCT/US92/074~
; 13 2117~73 1 may be made of any flexible substance such as flexible 2 polyurethane. Alternatively the mounting of tip 36~
- 3 relative to main portion 364 may be by means Or an 4 ordinary hinge or a ball mounting.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of `. 6 the invention, pistons 410 each receive a fluidic input ,~ 7 from a respective one of the pillow assemblies 316 via 8 a respective conduit 430.
9 The apparatus of Fig. 15 enables the angular ; 1~ orientation of the tip 36~ relative to the water 11 surface to be maintained notwithstanding changes of the 12 orientation of the main portion 364.
13 It will be appreciated by persons skilled in 14 the art that the present invention is not limited by 15 what has been particularly shown and described ` 16 hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention ~ 17 is defined only by the claims which follow:
`. 18 .' 19 :.
`~ 21 :;
. 25 ~`~ 28 `~
, 29 ~ 3 `~ 31 `;" 32 . ~
. 33 .. ~ 4 . 35 ., 36 . 37 . .
, ~
Claims (16)
1. Watercraft comprising:
a hull;
a plurality of foils mounted in the hull for engaging water; and shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a portion of the hull and providing at least partial absorption of shocks from waves in the water.
a hull;
a plurality of foils mounted in the hull for engaging water; and shock absorbing means associated with the plurality of foils for coupling the plurality of foils to at least a portion of the hull and providing at least partial absorption of shocks from waves in the water.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 and wherein said plurality of foils are retractable.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 and wherein said plurality of foils each includes a main portion and a tip portion and means for controlling the orientation of the tip portion relative to the main portion.
4. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and wherein said shock absorbing means include pivotably mounted shock absorbers engaging said plurality of foils on opposite surfaces thereof.
5. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and wherein said shock absorbing means include means for accommodating variations in the position of said plurality of foils.
6. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and wherein said foils include shock absorber engagement grooves formed in opposite surfaces thereof and said shock absorbing means include means for engaging said grooves at different locations therealong depending on the positions of the foils.
7. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and including shock absorber mounted means for selectably retracting said plurality of foils.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 and wherein said shock absorber mounted means for selectably retracting said plurality of foils include a motor driven worm gear assembly operatively engaging a threaded groove formed on a surface of each of said plurality of foils.
9. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and wherein each of said plurality of foils includes a main portion and a tip portion which is selectably positionable relative to said main portion.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 and also comprising automatically operable hydraulic means for positioning the tip portion relative to the main portion as a function of the angular orientation of the foil.
11. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims and wherein said shock absorbing means comprise fluid filled pillows.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 and wherein said fluid filled pillows are located on at least one side of the foil.
13. Apparatus according to either of claims 11 and 12 and wherein said fluid filled pillows are operative to exert a compressive force on one side of the foil and simultaneously to exert a tension force on the opposite side of the foil for a range of foil positions.
14. Apparatus according to any of claims 11 - 13 and wherein said fluid filled pillows are arranged on opposite sides of each foil and are arranged to permit fluid flow between at least one pillow on one side of each foil to at least one pillow on the other side of the foil.
15. Apparatus according to claim 14 and also comprising a valve interposed between at least one pillow on one side of each foil and at least one pillow on the other side of the foil to control the fluid flow therebetween.
16. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said shock absorbing means comprise fluid filled pillows and also comprising means for permitting fluid flow from said fluid filled pillows to said hydraulic means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL9944791A IL99447A (en) | 1991-09-08 | 1991-09-08 | Watercraft |
| IL99447 | 1991-09-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2117173A1 true CA2117173A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
Family
ID=11062879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002117173A Abandoned CA2117173A1 (en) | 1991-09-08 | 1992-09-03 | Shock absorbing apparatus for hydrofoil watercraft |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0601126B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07500064A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE195471T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2682992A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9206469A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2117173A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69231360T2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL99447A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO940719D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993004909A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994016182A1 (en) * | 1993-01-05 | 1994-07-21 | Lapidot, Dalia | Hinge |
| US5715572A (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1998-02-10 | Amiram Steinberg & Dalia Lapidot | Hinge |
| FR3025176B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2018-02-09 | Seabubbles | REMOVABLE PORTABLE FENDER |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE768045C (en) * | 1941-05-16 | 1955-06-02 | Siemens App | Wing arrangement for wing or planing boats |
| US3236202A (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1966-02-22 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Water craft |
| FR2063484A5 (en) * | 1969-10-17 | 1971-07-09 | Sedam | |
| US4080922A (en) * | 1975-09-08 | 1978-03-28 | Brubaker Curtis M | Flyable hydrofoil vessel |
| IT1189741B (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1988-02-04 | Rodriguez Spa | CONTROLLABLE GEOMETRY HYDRAULIC |
| FR2652056A1 (en) * | 1989-09-15 | 1991-03-22 | Havre Chantiers | Support device for hydrofoils |
| AU8703191A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1992-05-14 | Grant Mervyn Gilbert Charles Edwards | Boat/submarine with adjustable wings and hydrofoils powered by a modified jet fan motors that operate under water |
-
1991
- 1991-09-08 IL IL9944791A patent/IL99447A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-09-03 AU AU26829/92A patent/AU2682992A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-09-03 BR BR9206469A patent/BR9206469A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-03 DE DE69231360T patent/DE69231360T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-03 EP EP92920972A patent/EP0601126B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-03 AT AT92920972T patent/ATE195471T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-03 WO PCT/US1992/007444 patent/WO1993004909A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-09-03 JP JP5505397A patent/JPH07500064A/en active Pending
- 1992-09-03 CA CA002117173A patent/CA2117173A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1994
- 1994-03-02 NO NO940719A patent/NO940719D0/en unknown
-
1996
- 1996-12-23 AU AU76427/96A patent/AU698497B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9206469A (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| JPH07500064A (en) | 1995-01-05 |
| NO940719L (en) | 1994-03-02 |
| NO940719D0 (en) | 1994-03-02 |
| AU2682992A (en) | 1993-04-05 |
| IL99447A (en) | 1994-06-24 |
| WO1993004909A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
| AU7642796A (en) | 1997-02-27 |
| AU698497B2 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
| EP0601126A1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| EP0601126B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
| DE69231360D1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| DE69231360T2 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
| EP0601126A4 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| ATE195471T1 (en) | 2000-09-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |