CA2107908A1 - Device for trawl - Google Patents

Device for trawl

Info

Publication number
CA2107908A1
CA2107908A1 CA002107908A CA2107908A CA2107908A1 CA 2107908 A1 CA2107908 A1 CA 2107908A1 CA 002107908 A CA002107908 A CA 002107908A CA 2107908 A CA2107908 A CA 2107908A CA 2107908 A1 CA2107908 A1 CA 2107908A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
trawl
sorting
fish
grid
codend
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002107908A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger B. Larsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SELFI AS
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2107908A1 publication Critical patent/CA2107908A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K73/00Drawn nets
    • A01K73/02Trawling nets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K75/00Accessories for fishing nets; Details of fishing nets, e.g. structure

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)

Abstract

A sorting device for fish trawls to be placed close to the codend (2) including two sorting grids (3 and 3'), which includes a frame (10 and 10') whereto separate bars (11 and 11') are fastened (welded). The main sorting grid (3) has an angle of attack of 25 ·
or more lengthwise to the trawl and is jointed (7) to the second sorting grid (3'), which has a small angle or is parallel lengthwise to the direction of the trawl. At position (8) the second sorting grid (3') is jointed to the stop section (6). The distances between the bars (11 and 11') are adjusted to the wanted separation on fish sizes, thus making it possible to fish below a certain size to escape the trawl during the fishing operation. The sorting grids (3 and 3') should be made of stainless steel (18.8).

Description

W O 92/17999 PC~r/N 092/00071
2~7~
':''.- 1 DEVICE FOR T~AW~

The described invention concerns a device for trawls that makes the codend of the trawl able to retaln flsh larger than a certain size, while smaller ~sh are glven a po88i-bilty to escape through the new device.

As a principle the trawl i8 a large funnel of net meshes pulled through the water by a ves~el and fish that enters the open part in front of the trawl are herded into the trawl and will become the catch in the aft and closed part of the trawl, the codend.

In order to give small and Juvenile fish a possibillty to escape the trawl, the codend of thls flshing gesr has a glven (legal) mesh size in order to obt~ln such release of small fish.

The size selectivity of trawls are generally too poor, and practical experience (experlments) show that a signlficant proportion of æmall ish will be retained in the codend, thus resulting into catches containing high numbers of small and unwanted fish. This pattern of exploitation of fish stocks may cause overfishing as ~uvenile fish are caught, i.e. before they are able to reproduce.

As a result there ls a great demand for a trawl which ls able to sort out a slgnlficant number of small fish durlng the fishlng operation, thus resulting into a catch contain-ing a higher proportion of fish larger than a certainminimum size. During a ICES WG Meeting (FTFB) in Rostock, April 1990, a system for trawl allowing small fish to escape the trawl was presented. The sorting effects reported, however, were not satisfactory.

The priciple of the known device, which will be mentioned and described later on, is based on a construction where a SUI~STITUTE SHEET

, . .

WO92/17999 ; PCT/NO92/00071 2~.~7~J~ ~

"window" was placed in the upper section o~ the trawl clo~e to the codend. The window was covered by a rigid metal grid, where the distance between the bars o~ the grid made it possible for small fish to escape. The inven~ion under consideration will thus be an improved version of the above described device, which allows for a signlflcant lmprove-ment wlth respect to size selectivity of fish and escape-ment of juvenile fish.

; 10 The invention will be fully described with reference to drawings attached, where Fig. la and lb are respectively showing a priciple sketch of a normal bottom trawl and the known device applicated to lS this.

Fig. 2 show a sideview through the new device placed in a trawl in a comparable way as the known device.

Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c are respectively showing a ground plan, a side view and a perspective sketch of a typical sorting grid used in the new device.

Fig. 4a, 4b and 4c are respectively showing a ground plan, a side view and a perspective sketch of the second sorting grid used in the new device.

Flg. 5a, Sb and 5c are respectively showing a ground plan, a side view and a perspective sketch of the at stop sec-tlon used in the new device.

Fig. 6 show a princlple sketch illustrating how the newdevice, when fitted into a trawl, does function.

Fig. 7-11 show selectivlty results rom experiments made wlth trawls using the new device.

:
.' ., W092/17999 ~ 7 ~ ~ 3 PCT/N092/00071 With respect to Fig. 1 it is shown a normal bottom trawl 1 made of largemeshed netmaterial with a codend 2, where the catch will be collected.

S Fig. lb show the known device fitted into the trawl, i.e.
Fig. la. The known device consist of a tilted (oblique) sorting grid 3 that stretches from the upper part of the trawl 4 to the bottom (lower part) of the trawl 5. In an oblique position to the sosting grid 3 there is arranged an aft stop section 6 which may be made of a strong canvas or - platelike material.

Close to the lower panel of the the trawl 5 there is made an opening in the sorting grid allowing larger and wanted fish to pass into the oodend of the trawl 2.

Fig. 2 show a sideview of the principle by the new sorting device due to the excisting invention fitted to a trawl at the same position as shown in Fig. la, where the corres-ponding figures has the same meaning as in Fig. 2a. The newsorting device consists of a main sorting grid 3 fastened lnslde and along the net from the upper panel of the trawl and down to the midseam/half dlstance between the top of the upper panel 4 and the bottom of the lower panel 5. At location 7 the main sorting grld 3 is Jointed to the second sorting grid 3'. The second grid 3' is at location 8 Jointed to a stop sectlon 6 which malnly is built up of a "waterproof" canvas (pvc materlal). ~he function of this stop section 18 to lead the water flow through the sorting grids away from the net and thus guide escaping ~uvenile ~lsh away from the trawl.

The main sorting grld 3 has an angle of attack of 25 or more lengthwlse to the trawl, whlle the second grld 3' runs parallel or sllghtly angled to this direction as lndicated ln Fig. 2. The stop sectlon 6 has an angle of attack of approximately 20 lengthwi~e to the trawl.
~;

WO92/17999 PC~/NO~2/00071 2:L~7~ 4 Fig. 3a-3c show a more detailed picture of the sorting grid
3 in Fig. 2. The sorting grid 3 i8 made of an outer frame lO where a number of bars ll are welded to it. Both the S frame and the bars are made of stainless steel ~l8.8) and the distance should preferentially be no smaller than 55 mm Sbased on regulations on minimum landing sizes for cod and haddock caught in the Barents Sea). The bardistance, how-ever, has to be adjusted to local regulations on landing sizes of fish and ~izes of target species wanted. The length of the sorting grid 3 could be l,5 m or more (or less). In the aft part, the sorting grids are rounded (R~00) as shown in Fig. 3b and 3c.

lS Fig. 4a-4c does in a corresponding way show the second sorting grid 3' which is made of the same material and built in a corresponding way as the main sorting grid 3, but it may be shorter than the main sorting grid 3.

Fig. 5a-5c show the stop section 6 which is made of a stainless steel (18.8) outer frame 50 whereto a solid pvc canvas 5l is fastened by a thick twine (rope) 52. As an alternative to the canvas, bars with very small distance could be used. The stop section has approximately the same dimensions as the sorting grids 3 and 3'.

As already mentioned the function of the stop section is to guide away escaping fish (that passes out through the grids 3 and 3') up and away ~rom the latter section (codend) of the trawl.
.
Fig. 6 show a perspective drawlng of how the sorting device ; do function.
, Small, ~uvenile and not wanted fish that are caught by the trawl when it is pulled ln the towing direction marked by an arrow will have a possibility to ~scape between the bars , , ................................ . . . .

WO92/17999 2 ~ ~ 7 ~ v ~ PCT/NO92/000~1 .. ~. S

of the sorting grids and be herded away from the trawl by the stop section. Fish still retained by the trawl will end up as the catch in the codend 2. The 50rting grid~ 3 and 3' do not act as passive filters, but their function 1 S based on natural behaviour of fish. Out of a number of factors the sensitivity to light in fish is utilized. As the fish approaches the grid area there will be a signifi-cant change in light penetration through upper part of the trawl body. Fish will seek towards the more bright area, i.e. between the bars of the sorting grids 3 and 3'. Addi-tionally, the waterflow through the sorting grids 3 and 3' will be higher than in the adjacant areas, which is impor-tant to guide fish towards the sortiny grids and between the bars.
The distance between the bars of the sorting grids will decide the rate of selectivity, i.e. sizes of fish that escapes through the sorting grids 3 and 3' in relation to sizes of fish retained by the trawl. A number of experi-ments at sea are made to test the function of the newsorting device, and it is shown that a very good selectiv-ity is achieved,significantly better than what is possible to obtain by changes of the mesh size in the normal trawl codends.
.~
; Experiments were made with the invented sorting device as indlcated in Fig. la. To estimate the relations between fish (of wanted slzes) retained by the trawl and ~ish that escaped through the sorting grids 3 and 3', a smallmeshed 3G ¢over was used to collect all escaping fish. To exclude bias in the selectlvity data the normal codend was blinded simultaneously by a smallmeshed innernet. By length measur-ing and counting fish by numbers from both the normal codend (fish caught) and the cover (fish escaped), it is possible to present by graphics the length-frequency dis-tributions and the corresponding selection curves. The ottaohed length-frequenoy d1otribut1ons anù thelr oorres-., .

W092/17999 PCr/~092/00071 ~ ~7~ 6 ponding selection curves do clearly state a good sizeselectivity on fish, and that a conslderable proportion o fish below the acceptable (legal) sizes are sorted out through the sorting grids 3 and 3', thus excluded from the S trawl catch. Special attention should be paid to Fig. 11 where a comparison on the species cod (Gad~ marhu~) and haddock (Melano~rammus ae~ inus) is made between a trawl with the new sorting device and a trawl with normal 135 mm mesh codend.
Using the invented sorting device in trawls it will be possible to avoid too hard exploitation on juvenile fish, thus making it possible to avoid overfishing on fish resources.

WO92/17999 2 ~ ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ PCT/NO~2/00071 Leqend to fiq. 7: Results for cod from tests with the device in accordance with the invention (May 1990) repre-sented in the form of length frequency distribution and selection curve. The number of fish in the small meshed cover and codend, respe.ctively, as well as mean selection and selection interval are discloed in the figure.

Leaend to fiq. 8: Results for cod from tests with the device in accordance with the invention (May l99o) repre-sented in the form of length frequency distribution andselective curve. The number of fish in the small meshed cover and the codend, as well as mean selection and selection interval are disclosed in the figure.
15 Leq,end to fiq. 9: Results for haddock from tests with the device in accordance with the invention (May l99O) repre-sented in the form of length frequency distribution and selection curve. The number of fish in the small meshed cover and the codend, respectively, as well as mean Zo selection and selection,interval are disclosed in the ; figure.
';~
', Leqend to fia. ,1,0: Results for cod from tests with the ,~, device in accordancewith the invention (May 1990) repre-sented in the form of length frequency distribution and selection curve. The number of fish in the small meshed cover and the codend, respectively, as well as mean selection and selection interval are disclosed in the figure.
~e,~ gL~1s,~ Comparison between the selection ;,~ properties (selection curves) with respect to the species cod and haddock between the device in accordance with the invention and a commen 135 mm codend. The plotting of the two curves are effected after the same method (non-smoothed curves based on 3-point smoothed raw data).

Claims (2)

P a t e n t c l a i m s
1. A device for fish trawls to be placed close to the codend (2) including sorting grids (3 and 3') and a stop section (6), characterized by a sorting grid (3) built as a frame (10) whereto bars (11) are fastened stretching from the upper part (4) to the mid seam, i.e. half distance between the upper part (4) of the trawl to the lower part (5) of the trawl, making an angle to the lengthwise direc-tion of the trawl, and that the main sorting grid (3) is jointed (7) to the second sorting grid (3') built as a frame (10') whereto a number of bars (11') are fastened, and that the second sorting grid (3') is jointed (8) to the stop section (6).
2. A device in accordance with claim 1, charcterized by the main sorting grid (3) has an angle of attack of 25° ore more lengthwise to the trawl, and that the second sorting grid (3') has a small angle or is parallel lengthwise to the trawl.
CA002107908A 1991-04-17 1992-04-14 Device for trawl Abandoned CA2107908A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO911509A NO173162C (en) 1991-04-17 1991-04-17 DEVICE FOR FISHING TREES
NO911509 1991-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2107908A1 true CA2107908A1 (en) 1992-10-18

Family

ID=19894069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002107908A Abandoned CA2107908A1 (en) 1991-04-17 1992-04-14 Device for trawl

Country Status (8)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1663692A (en)
CA (1) CA2107908A1 (en)
DK (1) DK171305B1 (en)
IS (1) IS1605B (en)
NO (1) NO173162C (en)
PT (1) PT100399A (en)
RU (1) RU2101946C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992017999A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2334417B (en) * 1996-12-09 2000-12-20 Ex It Ehf Selecting device for fishing trawl
AU2021597A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-09 Pade Thomsen Size-sorting trawl and method of using same
EP1324653A2 (en) * 2000-10-04 2003-07-09 Marsel, Ehf A sorting device for sorting marine species in a fishing trawl
EP1927282A1 (en) 2006-11-28 2008-06-04 Danny Gallagher Juvenile fish excluder
US7685762B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Glenn R. Parsons Device for reducing the catch of unwanted species in fishing trawls
NO341371B1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2017-10-23 Scantrawl As Sorting during fishing
CN103404490B (en) * 2013-08-14 2015-11-18 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 A kind of different brackets specification fish fish for screening technique
CN104904681B (en) * 2015-06-01 2017-07-21 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Multiwindow serial combination type jack mackerel dragging span device
NO346472B1 (en) * 2020-10-28 2022-08-29 Delitek Marin As Catch sorter and method for excluding undesired catch using such a catch sorter
RU2757664C1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-10-20 Сергей Григорьевич Вантеев Sorting device for fishing trawl
CN115644146B (en) * 2022-11-04 2024-09-17 淮阴工学院 Eel, crab and shrimp separation fishing device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4739574A (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-04-26 Saunders Noah J Turtle excluder device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2101946C1 (en) 1998-01-20
DK107893A (en) 1993-09-24
NO173162B (en) 1993-08-02
NO911509D0 (en) 1991-04-17
AU1663692A (en) 1992-11-17
DK107893D0 (en) 1993-09-24
IS1605B (en) 1996-10-18
WO1992017999A1 (en) 1992-10-29
IS3835A (en) 1992-10-18
NO173162C (en) 1993-11-10
NO911509L (en) 1992-10-19
PT100399A (en) 1994-04-29
DK171305B1 (en) 1996-09-02

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request
FZDE Discontinued