CA2106185A1 - Methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils - Google Patents
Methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oilsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2106185A1 CA2106185A1 CA 2106185 CA2106185A CA2106185A1 CA 2106185 A1 CA2106185 A1 CA 2106185A1 CA 2106185 CA2106185 CA 2106185 CA 2106185 A CA2106185 A CA 2106185A CA 2106185 A1 CA2106185 A1 CA 2106185A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- vinyl acetate
- residual
- residual oils
- oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010762 marine fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Disclosed are methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils. A combination of ethylene vinyl acetate and dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate copolymers will reduce the viscosity of these residuum mixtures.
Disclosed are methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils. A combination of ethylene vinyl acetate and dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate copolymers will reduce the viscosity of these residuum mixtures.
Description
METHODS FOR REDUCING THE VISCOSITY OF RESIDUAL OILS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
.: ~
This invention pertains to methods for reducing the vis- - ~ -cosity of residual oils comprising a mixture of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Residual fuel oils and heavier fractions often contain substantial quantities of waxy materials. Viscosity problems -~
originate through the formation of these waxy materials in the fuel when subjected to low temperatures. This waxy buildup adversely affects the flowability, pumpability and operating characteristics of the fuel.
At lower temperatures, wax buildup in residual oils form crystals that grow both in size and number, resulting in gel for mation. This will tend to increase the viscosity of the residual oil. Viscosity is an important parameter for black residual oils, such as #6 fuel oil and marine fuel oil. The viscosity of these : . . ~:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
.: ~
This invention pertains to methods for reducing the vis- - ~ -cosity of residual oils comprising a mixture of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Residual fuel oils and heavier fractions often contain substantial quantities of waxy materials. Viscosity problems -~
originate through the formation of these waxy materials in the fuel when subjected to low temperatures. This waxy buildup adversely affects the flowability, pumpability and operating characteristics of the fuel.
At lower temperatures, wax buildup in residual oils form crystals that grow both in size and number, resulting in gel for mation. This will tend to increase the viscosity of the residual oil. Viscosity is an important parameter for black residual oils, such as #6 fuel oil and marine fuel oil. The viscosity of these : . . ~:
2 ~
oils must be maintained at levels consistent with the design requirements of fuel transportation and storage facilities and ;
fuel systems in end use equipment~ :
Usually, the viscosity of the produced residual oils must ;
be reduced to meet these requirements. Typically, this reduction is achieved by blending the residual oils with lighter hydrocarbon fractions. Blending takes place at the refinery or terminals and the amount blended depends on the specifications of the specific - residual oil in question.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present inventor has discovered an alternative to light oil blending for reducing the viscosity of residual oils.
The present invention comprises adding a combination of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate (DAFVA) copolymer to the residual oil. This EVA/DAFVA copolymer blend proved effective at reducing the viscosity of residual oils. ;~
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
.
U.S. Patent 4,693,312, Lenderman, discloses methods for :~
depositing a pour point depressant into an oil producing formation so that the pour point depressant can slowly dissolve in the oil --as the oil is produçed. The preferred class of pour point depressants includes the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers that usually contain 20-40 wt % vinyl acetate and have molecular ;
weights within the range of 5,000 - 30,000 and a preferred molecular weight range of between about 10,000 - 20,000.
CA 111 (26):236287K teaches a method for preparing a diesel fuel for high-speed marine engines. Light vacuum gas oil is blended with light cracker gas oil. This mixture is then treated with a pour point depressant to obtain the desired viscosity. ;;;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed towards methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils comprising adding to said oils an effective amount of an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and a dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate (DAFVA) copolymer.
The residual oils are characterized as bottoms remaining -~ h from the distillation of crude oils and cracked materials , or blends of these bottoms with lighter petroleum fractions. These residual oils have boiling ranges from approximately 700 to ; ;~
1200 F. Residual oils are also described in ASTM D396-9OA and ISO/CD 8217.
*
~ 3 The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a molecular `
weight of about 100,000. The dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer has a molecular weight of about 28,000.
The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer combinations molecular weight ratio rangesfrom about 2:1 to about 1:2.
The EVA/DAFVA copolymer combination is available commercially from Betz Process Chemicals as SPEC-AIDR 8Q50. -The copolymers of the instant invention can be fed to the ;
residual oil in either neat form or in a suitable solvent. Such solvents include heavy aromatic naphtha(HAN).
The copolymers of the instant invention can be added to the residual oils in an amount ranging from about 37.5 parts to about 1000 parts per million based on volume. The copolymers of the invention may be used as the sole oil additive, or in combinations with other oil additives such as pour poin~ depres-sants or dewaxing aids; corrosion inhibitors and the like.
Examples The invention will now be further described with reference to a number of specific examples which are to be regarded solely as illustrative and not as restricting the scope of the invention.
Testing was performed to measure viscosity at 122F
utilizing the ASTM D445-88 Kinematic Viscosity Determination Procedure for Opaque Liquids. In each case, the vacuum tower bottoms (VTB) were preheated to 250 to 280F and then Spec-AidR 8Q50 was added in dosage from 250 to 1000 ppm. The mixture was then stirred with a glass rod while it cooled to 190 to 220F. Cracked cutter stock and jet cutter were then added and the mixture was again stirred with a glass rod until it reached a temperature of approximately 122F. Viscosity tests according to the ASTM procedure were then performed on the resulting hand blends of Marine Fuel Oil. The results of this testing are reported in Table I.
TABLE I
Marine Fuel Oil Viscosity Testing - 122F
VTB Heavy Cracked Jet Cutter Additivel Viscosity ;~
Comp. % Cutter Comp. % Comp. % (ppm) (cst) 74 26 -- O ~ 1173 74 26 -- 750 523 ~ -71 25 4 0 805 ~-1 SPEC-AIDR 8Q50, available from Betz Process Chemicals.
,' , ' ,,:: ~ '~, ,.::: , The addition of the EVA/DAFVA copolymer mixture to the VTB ~
at 250 to 280F ensures that all the paraffins remain soluble ~ ~ -in the oil. Thus, as the oil cools and the paraffins precipitate as microcrystalline wax, the copolymer combination can effect the size and the shape of the wax crystals and reduce the viscosity of the finished blend.
'~ :
While this invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
. .
~ - :
oils must be maintained at levels consistent with the design requirements of fuel transportation and storage facilities and ;
fuel systems in end use equipment~ :
Usually, the viscosity of the produced residual oils must ;
be reduced to meet these requirements. Typically, this reduction is achieved by blending the residual oils with lighter hydrocarbon fractions. Blending takes place at the refinery or terminals and the amount blended depends on the specifications of the specific - residual oil in question.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present inventor has discovered an alternative to light oil blending for reducing the viscosity of residual oils.
The present invention comprises adding a combination of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate (DAFVA) copolymer to the residual oil. This EVA/DAFVA copolymer blend proved effective at reducing the viscosity of residual oils. ;~
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
.
U.S. Patent 4,693,312, Lenderman, discloses methods for :~
depositing a pour point depressant into an oil producing formation so that the pour point depressant can slowly dissolve in the oil --as the oil is produçed. The preferred class of pour point depressants includes the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers that usually contain 20-40 wt % vinyl acetate and have molecular ;
weights within the range of 5,000 - 30,000 and a preferred molecular weight range of between about 10,000 - 20,000.
CA 111 (26):236287K teaches a method for preparing a diesel fuel for high-speed marine engines. Light vacuum gas oil is blended with light cracker gas oil. This mixture is then treated with a pour point depressant to obtain the desired viscosity. ;;;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed towards methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils comprising adding to said oils an effective amount of an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and a dialkyl fumerate vinyl acetate (DAFVA) copolymer.
The residual oils are characterized as bottoms remaining -~ h from the distillation of crude oils and cracked materials , or blends of these bottoms with lighter petroleum fractions. These residual oils have boiling ranges from approximately 700 to ; ;~
1200 F. Residual oils are also described in ASTM D396-9OA and ISO/CD 8217.
*
~ 3 The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a molecular `
weight of about 100,000. The dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer has a molecular weight of about 28,000.
The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer combinations molecular weight ratio rangesfrom about 2:1 to about 1:2.
The EVA/DAFVA copolymer combination is available commercially from Betz Process Chemicals as SPEC-AIDR 8Q50. -The copolymers of the instant invention can be fed to the ;
residual oil in either neat form or in a suitable solvent. Such solvents include heavy aromatic naphtha(HAN).
The copolymers of the instant invention can be added to the residual oils in an amount ranging from about 37.5 parts to about 1000 parts per million based on volume. The copolymers of the invention may be used as the sole oil additive, or in combinations with other oil additives such as pour poin~ depres-sants or dewaxing aids; corrosion inhibitors and the like.
Examples The invention will now be further described with reference to a number of specific examples which are to be regarded solely as illustrative and not as restricting the scope of the invention.
Testing was performed to measure viscosity at 122F
utilizing the ASTM D445-88 Kinematic Viscosity Determination Procedure for Opaque Liquids. In each case, the vacuum tower bottoms (VTB) were preheated to 250 to 280F and then Spec-AidR 8Q50 was added in dosage from 250 to 1000 ppm. The mixture was then stirred with a glass rod while it cooled to 190 to 220F. Cracked cutter stock and jet cutter were then added and the mixture was again stirred with a glass rod until it reached a temperature of approximately 122F. Viscosity tests according to the ASTM procedure were then performed on the resulting hand blends of Marine Fuel Oil. The results of this testing are reported in Table I.
TABLE I
Marine Fuel Oil Viscosity Testing - 122F
VTB Heavy Cracked Jet Cutter Additivel Viscosity ;~
Comp. % Cutter Comp. % Comp. % (ppm) (cst) 74 26 -- O ~ 1173 74 26 -- 750 523 ~ -71 25 4 0 805 ~-1 SPEC-AIDR 8Q50, available from Betz Process Chemicals.
,' , ' ,,:: ~ '~, ,.::: , The addition of the EVA/DAFVA copolymer mixture to the VTB ~
at 250 to 280F ensures that all the paraffins remain soluble ~ ~ -in the oil. Thus, as the oil cools and the paraffins precipitate as microcrystalline wax, the copolymer combination can effect the size and the shape of the wax crystals and reduce the viscosity of the finished blend.
'~ :
While this invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
. .
~ - :
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing the viscosity of residual oils comprising adding to said oils an effective amount of (a) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and (b) a dialkyl fumerate-vinyl acetate copolymer.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein (a) has a molecular weight of about 100,000.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein (b) has a molecular weight of about 28,000.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein (a) has a vinyl acetate content of 33%.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ratio of (a):(b) ranges from about 2:1 to about 1:2.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said residual oils have boiling points in the range of 700° to 1200°F.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein (a) and (b) are added to said residual oils in an amount from about 37.5 ppm to about 1000 parts per million parts residual oil.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said combination of (a) and (b) is fed to the residual oil in a suitable solvent.
9. The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said suitable solvent is heavy aromatic naphtha.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said copolymers are added to said residual oils with an additional oil additive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10911893A | 1993-08-19 | 1993-08-19 | |
| US109,118 | 1993-08-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2106185A1 true CA2106185A1 (en) | 1995-02-20 |
Family
ID=22325883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2106185 Abandoned CA2106185A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1993-09-14 | Methods for reducing the viscosity of residual oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2106185A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016020144A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Clariant International Ltd | Additives for low-sulfur marine diesel |
-
1993
- 1993-09-14 CA CA 2106185 patent/CA2106185A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016020144A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Clariant International Ltd | Additives for low-sulfur marine diesel |
| US11174445B2 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2021-11-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | Additives for low-sulfur marine diesel |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |