CA2093738A1 - Compositions and methods for improving the wetting of particulates - Google Patents
Compositions and methods for improving the wetting of particulatesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2093738A1 CA2093738A1 CA002093738A CA2093738A CA2093738A1 CA 2093738 A1 CA2093738 A1 CA 2093738A1 CA 002093738 A CA002093738 A CA 002093738A CA 2093738 A CA2093738 A CA 2093738A CA 2093738 A1 CA2093738 A1 CA 2093738A1
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- Prior art keywords
- composition
- salt
- particulates
- percent
- amount
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/002—Inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
New and improved compositions comprising particulates and an effective amount of one or more effective salt(s) to reduce significantly the wetting time and/or the dispersion time of said particulates relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s) have been discovered.
Methods for reducing the wetting time of particulates in liquid have also been discovered.
New and improved compositions comprising particulates and an effective amount of one or more effective salt(s) to reduce significantly the wetting time and/or the dispersion time of said particulates relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s) have been discovered.
Methods for reducing the wetting time of particulates in liquid have also been discovered.
Description
~93738 Back~Q~nd .
Cornpositions containing particulates are often admixed with liquid compositions for application purpos~s. This broad op~ration includes mixing of powders in the household to making medical solutions to other applications such as on-site preparation of solutions in industrial or agricultural applications. Examples, without limltations, range from mixing flour with water in baking to making herbicidal or fungicidal agricultural compositions for field spraying or other distributing m ethods.
One parameter of such operations is the time that it takes for the particulates to become wetted (i.e. "wetting time" or "wet-out time") to permit dispersion or dissolution of the particulates in a liquid application medium. "Wetting time" or "wet-out time" can be designated as the time for a known weight of solids poured on top of water in a container to completely submerge below the surface of the water. The wetting time can have a major impact on the time of op~rations, delays associate therewith, the degree of completion of dissolution or dispersion and the effectiveness of the applied composition as a result of incompl~ta dissolution or dispersion.
There continues to be a need for new and/or improved compositions or methods to imprnve the wetting time of particulates.
Summary of the InventiQn New and improved compositions cornprising particulates and an effective arnount of one or more salt(s) to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulates relative to the rate of penetration in the absence of said salt(s) have been discovered. Preferably, the increase in the rate of penetration results in reducing the wetting time and/or the 2~937~
disp0rsion tim~ of said particulates in liquids. Methods for r~ducing th~
wetting time of partioulates in liquids have also been discovered.
Em~odiments Q~the Invention An ombodiment of tha present inv~ntion is a composition comprising particulates and an effective amount of one or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effeotive metal salt(s) to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulates relative to the rate of penetration in the absence of said salt(s).
In a preferred embodiment the present invention is a composition comprising particulates and an effective amount of on0 or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effective metal salt(s) to reduce significantly the wetting time and/or the dispersion tims of said particulates in liquid relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s) .
The particulates and liquid in the invention can be any usable combination of particulates and liquid for an intended utiJity. ~or example, the particulates could be commercial foodstuff, e.g. powdered milk, flour etc., ancl the liquid can be water or water-containing solutions (e.g. milk~.
Other combinations include agricultural utilities, such as in-field forrrlulations of agrochemicals, e.g. herbicides etc., and water. It is not intended that the present invention is limited to water as the liquid by these examples.
, 20~373~
Th~ ~ffectiv~ salts usabl~ in the inv~ntion pr~f~rably compris0 ammonium or boron, or one or more metals selected from zinc, manganese, copper, iron, cobalt, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, strontium, sodium, barium, tin, load, silver, nick61, and potassium. Such ammonium, boron or metal moietics ara alternatively referred to as the cation of the salt. The anionic portion of the salt is preferably a moiety such that the one or more salt(s) has an anion portion which is S04-2, Cl-l, Br-~ 1, C2H302-l, CO~2, NO3-~,l()H-1, S-2, P04-3, Al(:)2-l, As03-3, HAsO3-2, H2AsO3-1, As04-3, HAs04-2, H2As04-1, B407-2, CN-1, P03-3, HP03-2, H2P03-1, HP04-2, H2P04-1, P207-~, S2O6-2, CilO2-l ~r a mixture thereof.
J~
Tho amount of salt used is that amount which is effective to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulate, preferably a significant amount of increase. For example, the increase in penetration rate is such that the wet-out time is about thirty percent less, more preferably about fifty percent less, even more preferably about seventy-five percent less, than that without the effective salts. The weight amount of the salt can range preferably from about 0.1 to about 50 weight percent, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 weigh~ percent1 even more preferably from about 0.1 to about 6 weight percent, of the total composition weight. In one preferred embodied composition the amount of effective salt in the composition is in a weight percent of from about 0.1 percent to about 6 percent and the wet-out time of the composition is less than about fifty percent of the wet-out time of a comparable composition having an absence of said salt.
The particular form or nature of the salt can vary and still provide the benefits of the present invention. For instance, the ona or more salt(s) can comprise a multiple salt complex. That is, i~ can be' a compiex 2~7~8 of tvvo or mor~ diff~r~nt salts. For exampl~, a multiple salt compl~x can be represented by the formula 2NaCl CaCI2 or K2CO3~Na2CO3. Ernbodi~d multiple salt complexes can b~ hydrat~d, such as ZnCI~3ZnQ~5H20 for example.
Embodiment of the invention can comprise other forms ~f sal~. For instance, the one or more salt~s~ can compris~ a hydrat~d salt. For example, the hydrated salt can be CuSO4-H20. The ratio of salt molecules to water molecules need not be one to one.
The salt ne~d not consist of only one cation in the salt compound.
Accordingly, embodied compositions.can comprise a multiple cation salt.
- One example of a multiple salt is K2Zn(SO4)2. Similarly, the anionic portion can have multiple anions.
One embodiment of the present invention is wherein the on~ or more salt(s) comprise a melted salt. A mixture of salts can be melted together for the melted salt. Examples are 2NaCl CaCI2, Na2SO4 MgSO4, and 2NaCl SrCI2 Without lirniting the scope of the present invention, the following salts are representative of salts useable:
Zn(C2H302)2-H20 Zn(C2H302)2-2H20 Zn(C2H30)2 CuC12 CuSO4 Cu(NO3)2 MnCl204H2o MnCI2 MnCI2 2H20 ZnS04 ZnSO4-H20 MnSO4 CuCI2 2H20 CuSO4 H20 ZnBr2 Znl2 MnSO4 H20 Mn(NO3)2 . Mn(CHO2)2 FeCI2 ' Mn(C2H302)2 FeCI3 FeCI2~2H20 FeCI2 4H20 FeCl302-5H2o FeCI3 6H20 FeSO4 FeSO4~H20 FeSO4 4H20 Cocl2 CoBr2 BBr3 CoCI2 2H20 AICI3 AICI3~6H20 AlBr3 Al 13 Al2S3 AICI30S02 AiCI3-5S02 AICI3-5H2S Al2(SO4)3 6H20 Al2(SO4)3~18H20 AICI3-NH3 Al(::13 3NH3 Alt:;13~NH4CI AICI3~5NH3 AICI3-6NH3 AICI3~9NH3 AlCI33/4ZnCl2 AlCI3-AgCI MgCI2 MgCI2-2H2C) Mg(:;12~4H20 MgCI2r6HzO MgBr2 MgSO4 ~,1gSO4-H20 MgSO4-2H20 CaC12 CaCI2 H20 CaCI2 2H20 C;a(NO3)2 CaBr2 Ca(C2H302)2-H20 Cal2 CaS04 Mg l2 Mgso4-4H2o SrO SrC12 SrBr2 SrBr2~H20 SrBr2 2H20 Na20 NaOH
NaOH 1/2H20 NaOH H20 Na2S NaHS2 Na2Se NaPO3 Na2P2Cl7 Na2HPO3 Na2HPO4 Na3HP2O7 Na2CO3 NaCl-AlCI3 3NaCI 2AlCI3 ~H K2CO3 Na2CO3 ZnCI2 K2CO3 2NaCO3 K2CO3-3Na2CO3 K2CO3~4Na2CO3 K2S
2K2CO3-Na2CO3 3K2CO3oNa2CO3 K2CO3-1/2H20 KC2H302 K2Zn(SC)4)2 KCI-AICI3 2KCN-Zn(CN)~ KCI~MgC12 K2SO4-CuSO4 3KC1 2AICI3 3KCI AICI3 2KCI-lh9Cl2 Mn(C2H302)2o4H2o 4KCloMgCI2 K2Mg(SO4)2 2KCl CaCI2 Melted salt mixtures: Na2SO4 MgSO4 2NaClocacl2 2NaCl SrCi2 Other embodiments include compositions wherein the solid particulates comprise one or mors dithiocarbamat~ oompound(s). In one embodiment there is preferred one or more dithiocarbamate compound(s) which ar~ salectcd from sthylencbisdithiocarbamate m~tal s~lts, dimethyldithiocarbamate metal salts, propylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salts, and/or metiram-complex Metiram-cornplex can be named as ~ris [ammin~-[ethylen bis (dithiocarbamato)] zinc (Il)] ~tetrahydro-1,2,4,7-dithiadiazocine-3,8-dithione] polymer. In another embodiment, thiram [e.g. bis (dimethyithio-carbamoyl) disulfide can be used in place of the dithiocarbamat~ compound. A pref~rred othylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salt comprises zinc chloride. Also preferred are compositions wherein the solid particulates comprise N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl~propionamide (propanil). Such compositions can have applications in agriculturai operations.
Embodied compositions can additionally comprise a surface active agent in an amount up to about twenty (20) weight parcent of the total composition weight, preferably from about 0.1 percent to about 15 percent, more preferably from about 1 percent to about 10 percent.
Preferred sur~ace active agents are, but are not limited to, a group consisting of WafexTM dispersant, IgepalTM CA 720 surfactant, Igepal CO
630 surfactant, !gepal DM 970 surfactant, BorresperseTM NA ligosulfonate, AerosolTM OT-70PG surfactant, and SurfynolTM 104 S surfactant.
Also embodied are methods for wetting solid particulates in a liquid comprising admixing the solid particulates with ons or more ernbodied salt(s) prior to, comtemporaneous with, or after adding the solid particulates to a liquid for wetting, dissolution or dispersion. Such methods can include simple admixing steps or milling of the solid particulates with the one or more ernbodied salt(s) so as to adfix or adhere the salt to the surface of the solid particulate.
2~373~
The following examples are intended to illustrate but not limit the scope of the embodied Invention.
E~E~E~
A comparison of w~tting time was made botwben reyular baking flour without zinc chloride and with zinc chloride. The samples of flour with zinc chloride were preparsd by ~irst admixing th~ flour and zinc chloride powder (98%, A.C.S. reagent, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc.) before addition to 100 ml of tap water for timing to wet-out condition. No stirring was p.erformed after the addition of sample to th~ water. The following results w~re obtained:
Sample Flour Weight ZnCI2 Weight Wet-Out Time Nn. ~cam~ (grarr~ _ ~~
5.00 0.30 302 2 5.00 0.30 ~69 3 5.00 0.00 815 4 5.00 0.00 790 2~93738 E~PERIMENT 2 A rnancozeb powder was produced by spray-drying a slurry composed of the following components:
t~mponent eiçlht PerGent Maneb Wet-cake~ 65.9 znSO4-7H2O 3.8 Hexamethylenetetramine Stabili~er 1.1 RaaxTM 100M Dispersant 3.3 Water 25.9 ~The wet cake prior to admixing is about 55% manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate.
The spray-dried mancozeb powder was separated into two samples, one sample being dry mixed with zinc chloride in a weight ratio of zinc chloride:mancozeb = 2:100. Using procedures similar to Experirnent 1, the following results were observed:
~le W~ut tim~ (Minut~) without Zn C 12 12 . 0 with ZnC I2 3 5 PERlMENl 3 J 6:
Samples of mancozeb po~vders which were spray~ dried to a moisture content of about 6 to about 9 percent watcr by weight ware produced from slurries comprising admixed 65.9 weight psrc~nt maneb wet-cake and 1.1 weight parcent hexamethylenetetramine stabilizer as well as the following components in the r~ported weight percenta~es. The respective reported wet-out times were obs~rved. Suspenstbility of each samplc was datermined using the modified WHO method of admixing 2 grams of sample in 250 grams of water in a 250 milliliter cylinder, inverting thirty times and, after thirty rninutes, collecting the bottom ten percent, which is then dried and weighed relative to the original 2 grams.
The suspensibility for ~he samples ranged from about 60 to about 80 percent.
Sample ZnS04 ZnCI2 Surface Active Water Wet-Out l~ln ~I~2Q A~ t__ T~ secs) 1a 3.8 o 3.3d 27.85 779 2 3.8 0.0 2.0b 26.2 280 3 3.8 0.0 2.0b 0.5c(3) 26.7 80 4 3.8 2.0b 0.5C(~ ;.7 73 2Q9373~
Sample ZnSO4 ZnCI2 Surface Active Water Wet-Out 3.8 0.0 2.0b O.~c(2) 26.7 51 6 1.9 0.9 2.0b 28.2 . 60 7a 0,0 1.8 3.3d 27.8~ 55 ~a 0.0 1 .8 2.9d 0.63e 26.62 28 9 - 1.8 2 9d 1f 27.3 26 0.0 1.3 . 2.0b 29.2 16 Aqent~
a: 0.05 weight percent AntifoamTM C antifoaming agent ~Cvrning] added to these samples b: WafexTM dispersant c: (1) IgepalTM CA 720, (2) Igapal CC) 630, and (3) Igepal DM 970 surfactants ~Rhone Poulenc Company]
d: BorresperseT~' NA liyosulfonate [LignoTech Inc.]
e: AerosolrM OT-70PG surfactant ~American Cyanamid]
f: SurfynolTM 104 S surfactant [Air Products.& Chemicals Company}.
Cornpositions containing particulates are often admixed with liquid compositions for application purpos~s. This broad op~ration includes mixing of powders in the household to making medical solutions to other applications such as on-site preparation of solutions in industrial or agricultural applications. Examples, without limltations, range from mixing flour with water in baking to making herbicidal or fungicidal agricultural compositions for field spraying or other distributing m ethods.
One parameter of such operations is the time that it takes for the particulates to become wetted (i.e. "wetting time" or "wet-out time") to permit dispersion or dissolution of the particulates in a liquid application medium. "Wetting time" or "wet-out time" can be designated as the time for a known weight of solids poured on top of water in a container to completely submerge below the surface of the water. The wetting time can have a major impact on the time of op~rations, delays associate therewith, the degree of completion of dissolution or dispersion and the effectiveness of the applied composition as a result of incompl~ta dissolution or dispersion.
There continues to be a need for new and/or improved compositions or methods to imprnve the wetting time of particulates.
Summary of the InventiQn New and improved compositions cornprising particulates and an effective arnount of one or more salt(s) to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulates relative to the rate of penetration in the absence of said salt(s) have been discovered. Preferably, the increase in the rate of penetration results in reducing the wetting time and/or the 2~937~
disp0rsion tim~ of said particulates in liquids. Methods for r~ducing th~
wetting time of partioulates in liquids have also been discovered.
Em~odiments Q~the Invention An ombodiment of tha present inv~ntion is a composition comprising particulates and an effective amount of one or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effeotive metal salt(s) to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulates relative to the rate of penetration in the absence of said salt(s).
In a preferred embodiment the present invention is a composition comprising particulates and an effective amount of on0 or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effective metal salt(s) to reduce significantly the wetting time and/or the dispersion tims of said particulates in liquid relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s) .
The particulates and liquid in the invention can be any usable combination of particulates and liquid for an intended utiJity. ~or example, the particulates could be commercial foodstuff, e.g. powdered milk, flour etc., ancl the liquid can be water or water-containing solutions (e.g. milk~.
Other combinations include agricultural utilities, such as in-field forrrlulations of agrochemicals, e.g. herbicides etc., and water. It is not intended that the present invention is limited to water as the liquid by these examples.
, 20~373~
Th~ ~ffectiv~ salts usabl~ in the inv~ntion pr~f~rably compris0 ammonium or boron, or one or more metals selected from zinc, manganese, copper, iron, cobalt, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, strontium, sodium, barium, tin, load, silver, nick61, and potassium. Such ammonium, boron or metal moietics ara alternatively referred to as the cation of the salt. The anionic portion of the salt is preferably a moiety such that the one or more salt(s) has an anion portion which is S04-2, Cl-l, Br-~ 1, C2H302-l, CO~2, NO3-~,l()H-1, S-2, P04-3, Al(:)2-l, As03-3, HAsO3-2, H2AsO3-1, As04-3, HAs04-2, H2As04-1, B407-2, CN-1, P03-3, HP03-2, H2P03-1, HP04-2, H2P04-1, P207-~, S2O6-2, CilO2-l ~r a mixture thereof.
J~
Tho amount of salt used is that amount which is effective to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulate, preferably a significant amount of increase. For example, the increase in penetration rate is such that the wet-out time is about thirty percent less, more preferably about fifty percent less, even more preferably about seventy-five percent less, than that without the effective salts. The weight amount of the salt can range preferably from about 0.1 to about 50 weight percent, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 weigh~ percent1 even more preferably from about 0.1 to about 6 weight percent, of the total composition weight. In one preferred embodied composition the amount of effective salt in the composition is in a weight percent of from about 0.1 percent to about 6 percent and the wet-out time of the composition is less than about fifty percent of the wet-out time of a comparable composition having an absence of said salt.
The particular form or nature of the salt can vary and still provide the benefits of the present invention. For instance, the ona or more salt(s) can comprise a multiple salt complex. That is, i~ can be' a compiex 2~7~8 of tvvo or mor~ diff~r~nt salts. For exampl~, a multiple salt compl~x can be represented by the formula 2NaCl CaCI2 or K2CO3~Na2CO3. Ernbodi~d multiple salt complexes can b~ hydrat~d, such as ZnCI~3ZnQ~5H20 for example.
Embodiment of the invention can comprise other forms ~f sal~. For instance, the one or more salt~s~ can compris~ a hydrat~d salt. For example, the hydrated salt can be CuSO4-H20. The ratio of salt molecules to water molecules need not be one to one.
The salt ne~d not consist of only one cation in the salt compound.
Accordingly, embodied compositions.can comprise a multiple cation salt.
- One example of a multiple salt is K2Zn(SO4)2. Similarly, the anionic portion can have multiple anions.
One embodiment of the present invention is wherein the on~ or more salt(s) comprise a melted salt. A mixture of salts can be melted together for the melted salt. Examples are 2NaCl CaCI2, Na2SO4 MgSO4, and 2NaCl SrCI2 Without lirniting the scope of the present invention, the following salts are representative of salts useable:
Zn(C2H302)2-H20 Zn(C2H302)2-2H20 Zn(C2H30)2 CuC12 CuSO4 Cu(NO3)2 MnCl204H2o MnCI2 MnCI2 2H20 ZnS04 ZnSO4-H20 MnSO4 CuCI2 2H20 CuSO4 H20 ZnBr2 Znl2 MnSO4 H20 Mn(NO3)2 . Mn(CHO2)2 FeCI2 ' Mn(C2H302)2 FeCI3 FeCI2~2H20 FeCI2 4H20 FeCl302-5H2o FeCI3 6H20 FeSO4 FeSO4~H20 FeSO4 4H20 Cocl2 CoBr2 BBr3 CoCI2 2H20 AICI3 AICI3~6H20 AlBr3 Al 13 Al2S3 AICI30S02 AiCI3-5S02 AICI3-5H2S Al2(SO4)3 6H20 Al2(SO4)3~18H20 AICI3-NH3 Al(::13 3NH3 Alt:;13~NH4CI AICI3~5NH3 AICI3-6NH3 AICI3~9NH3 AlCI33/4ZnCl2 AlCI3-AgCI MgCI2 MgCI2-2H2C) Mg(:;12~4H20 MgCI2r6HzO MgBr2 MgSO4 ~,1gSO4-H20 MgSO4-2H20 CaC12 CaCI2 H20 CaCI2 2H20 C;a(NO3)2 CaBr2 Ca(C2H302)2-H20 Cal2 CaS04 Mg l2 Mgso4-4H2o SrO SrC12 SrBr2 SrBr2~H20 SrBr2 2H20 Na20 NaOH
NaOH 1/2H20 NaOH H20 Na2S NaHS2 Na2Se NaPO3 Na2P2Cl7 Na2HPO3 Na2HPO4 Na3HP2O7 Na2CO3 NaCl-AlCI3 3NaCI 2AlCI3 ~H K2CO3 Na2CO3 ZnCI2 K2CO3 2NaCO3 K2CO3-3Na2CO3 K2CO3~4Na2CO3 K2S
2K2CO3-Na2CO3 3K2CO3oNa2CO3 K2CO3-1/2H20 KC2H302 K2Zn(SC)4)2 KCI-AICI3 2KCN-Zn(CN)~ KCI~MgC12 K2SO4-CuSO4 3KC1 2AICI3 3KCI AICI3 2KCI-lh9Cl2 Mn(C2H302)2o4H2o 4KCloMgCI2 K2Mg(SO4)2 2KCl CaCI2 Melted salt mixtures: Na2SO4 MgSO4 2NaClocacl2 2NaCl SrCi2 Other embodiments include compositions wherein the solid particulates comprise one or mors dithiocarbamat~ oompound(s). In one embodiment there is preferred one or more dithiocarbamate compound(s) which ar~ salectcd from sthylencbisdithiocarbamate m~tal s~lts, dimethyldithiocarbamate metal salts, propylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salts, and/or metiram-complex Metiram-cornplex can be named as ~ris [ammin~-[ethylen bis (dithiocarbamato)] zinc (Il)] ~tetrahydro-1,2,4,7-dithiadiazocine-3,8-dithione] polymer. In another embodiment, thiram [e.g. bis (dimethyithio-carbamoyl) disulfide can be used in place of the dithiocarbamat~ compound. A pref~rred othylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salt comprises zinc chloride. Also preferred are compositions wherein the solid particulates comprise N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl~propionamide (propanil). Such compositions can have applications in agriculturai operations.
Embodied compositions can additionally comprise a surface active agent in an amount up to about twenty (20) weight parcent of the total composition weight, preferably from about 0.1 percent to about 15 percent, more preferably from about 1 percent to about 10 percent.
Preferred sur~ace active agents are, but are not limited to, a group consisting of WafexTM dispersant, IgepalTM CA 720 surfactant, Igepal CO
630 surfactant, !gepal DM 970 surfactant, BorresperseTM NA ligosulfonate, AerosolTM OT-70PG surfactant, and SurfynolTM 104 S surfactant.
Also embodied are methods for wetting solid particulates in a liquid comprising admixing the solid particulates with ons or more ernbodied salt(s) prior to, comtemporaneous with, or after adding the solid particulates to a liquid for wetting, dissolution or dispersion. Such methods can include simple admixing steps or milling of the solid particulates with the one or more ernbodied salt(s) so as to adfix or adhere the salt to the surface of the solid particulate.
2~373~
The following examples are intended to illustrate but not limit the scope of the embodied Invention.
E~E~E~
A comparison of w~tting time was made botwben reyular baking flour without zinc chloride and with zinc chloride. The samples of flour with zinc chloride were preparsd by ~irst admixing th~ flour and zinc chloride powder (98%, A.C.S. reagent, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc.) before addition to 100 ml of tap water for timing to wet-out condition. No stirring was p.erformed after the addition of sample to th~ water. The following results w~re obtained:
Sample Flour Weight ZnCI2 Weight Wet-Out Time Nn. ~cam~ (grarr~ _ ~~
5.00 0.30 302 2 5.00 0.30 ~69 3 5.00 0.00 815 4 5.00 0.00 790 2~93738 E~PERIMENT 2 A rnancozeb powder was produced by spray-drying a slurry composed of the following components:
t~mponent eiçlht PerGent Maneb Wet-cake~ 65.9 znSO4-7H2O 3.8 Hexamethylenetetramine Stabili~er 1.1 RaaxTM 100M Dispersant 3.3 Water 25.9 ~The wet cake prior to admixing is about 55% manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate.
The spray-dried mancozeb powder was separated into two samples, one sample being dry mixed with zinc chloride in a weight ratio of zinc chloride:mancozeb = 2:100. Using procedures similar to Experirnent 1, the following results were observed:
~le W~ut tim~ (Minut~) without Zn C 12 12 . 0 with ZnC I2 3 5 PERlMENl 3 J 6:
Samples of mancozeb po~vders which were spray~ dried to a moisture content of about 6 to about 9 percent watcr by weight ware produced from slurries comprising admixed 65.9 weight psrc~nt maneb wet-cake and 1.1 weight parcent hexamethylenetetramine stabilizer as well as the following components in the r~ported weight percenta~es. The respective reported wet-out times were obs~rved. Suspenstbility of each samplc was datermined using the modified WHO method of admixing 2 grams of sample in 250 grams of water in a 250 milliliter cylinder, inverting thirty times and, after thirty rninutes, collecting the bottom ten percent, which is then dried and weighed relative to the original 2 grams.
The suspensibility for ~he samples ranged from about 60 to about 80 percent.
Sample ZnS04 ZnCI2 Surface Active Water Wet-Out l~ln ~I~2Q A~ t__ T~ secs) 1a 3.8 o 3.3d 27.85 779 2 3.8 0.0 2.0b 26.2 280 3 3.8 0.0 2.0b 0.5c(3) 26.7 80 4 3.8 2.0b 0.5C(~ ;.7 73 2Q9373~
Sample ZnSO4 ZnCI2 Surface Active Water Wet-Out 3.8 0.0 2.0b O.~c(2) 26.7 51 6 1.9 0.9 2.0b 28.2 . 60 7a 0,0 1.8 3.3d 27.8~ 55 ~a 0.0 1 .8 2.9d 0.63e 26.62 28 9 - 1.8 2 9d 1f 27.3 26 0.0 1.3 . 2.0b 29.2 16 Aqent~
a: 0.05 weight percent AntifoamTM C antifoaming agent ~Cvrning] added to these samples b: WafexTM dispersant c: (1) IgepalTM CA 720, (2) Igapal CC) 630, and (3) Igepal DM 970 surfactants ~Rhone Poulenc Company]
d: BorresperseT~' NA liyosulfonate [LignoTech Inc.]
e: AerosolrM OT-70PG surfactant ~American Cyanamid]
f: SurfynolTM 104 S surfactant [Air Products.& Chemicals Company}.
Claims (27)
1. A composition comprising (1) particulates and (2) an effective amount of one or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effective metal salt(s) to increase the penetration rate of liquid into the particulates relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s).
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of salt is in a weight percent of the total composition weight of from about 0.1 to about 50.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the amount of salt is in a weight percent of the total composition weight of from about 0.1 to. about 10.
4. A composition comprising (1) particulates and (2) an effective amount of one or more effective salt(s) to reduce significantly the wetting time and/or the dispersion time of said particulates relative to said time(s) in the absence of said salt(s).
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the amount of salt in said composition is in a weight percent of the total composition weight of from about 0.1 percent to about 6 percent and the wet-out time of said composition is less than about fifty percent of the wet-out time of a comparable composition having an absence of said salt.
6. The composition of claim 4 wherein the one or more salt(s) comprise ammonium, boron, or one or more metal selected from zinc, manganese, copper, iron, cobalt, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, strontium, sodium, barium, gallium, tin, lead, silver, nickel and potassium.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the one or more salt(s) has an anion portion which is SO4-2, Cl-1, Br-1, l-1, C2H3O2-1, CO3-2, NO3?, OH-1, S-2, PO4-3, AlO2-?, AsO3-3, HAsO3-2, H2AsO3-1, AsO4-3, HAsO4-2, H2AsO4-1, B4O7-2, CN-1, PO3-3, HPO3-2, H2PO3-1, HPO4-2, H2PO4-1, P2O4, S2O6-2, CHO2-1, So3-2 or a mixture thereof.
8. The composition of claim 6 wherein the one or more salt(s) comprises a multiple salt complex.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the multiple salt complex is 2NaCl?CaCI2 or K2CO3?Na2CO3.
10. The composition of claim 4 wherein the one or more salt(s) comprises a hydrated salt.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein said hydrated salt is CuSO4?H2O.
12. The composition of claim 4 wherein the one or more salt(s) comprises a multiple cation salt.
13 13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the multiple salt is K2Zn(SO4)2.
14. The composition of claim 4 wherein the one or more salt(s) comprise a melted salt.
15. The composition of claim 14 wherein said melted salt is 2NaCl?CaCl2.
16. The composition of claim 4 wherein said particulates comprise one or more dithiocarbamate or bisdithiocarbamoyl disulfide compound(s).
17. The composition of claim 16 wherein said one or more dithiocarbamate compound(s) is selected from ethylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salts, dimethyldithiocarbamate metal salts, propylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salts, and metiram-complexes.
18. The composition of claim 17 comprising an ethylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salt.
19. The composition of claim 18 wherein said ethylenebisdithiocarbamate metal salt comprises zinc chloride.
20. The composition of claim 4 wherein said particulates comprise propanil.
21. The composition of claim 17 comprising metiram-complex.
22. The composition of claim 4 wherein said particulates comprise thiram.
23. The composition of claim 16 further comprising a surface active agent in an amount up to about twenty (20) weight percent of the total composition weight.
24. The composition of claim 23 wherein said amount of surface active agent is about 0.1 percent to about 15 percent.
25. The composition of claim 24 wherein said amount of surface active agent is about 1 percent to about 10 percent.
26. The composition of claim 23 comprising a surface active agent selected from a group consisting of WafexTM dispersant, IgepalTM CA 720 surfactant, Igepal CO 630 surfactant, Igepal DM 970 surfactant, BorresperseTM NA ligosulfonate, AerosolTM OT-70PG surfactant, and SurfynolTM 104 S surfactant.
27. A method for wetting particulates in a composition comprising admixing the particulates with an effective amount of one or more ammonium salt(s), boron salt(s), and/or effective metal salt(s) prior to, contemporaneous with, or after adding the particulates to said composition such that wetting, dissolution or dispersion is significantly enhanced.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US87733292A | 1992-05-01 | 1992-05-01 | |
| US07/877,332 | 1992-05-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2093738A1 true CA2093738A1 (en) | 1993-11-02 |
Family
ID=25369758
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002093738A Abandoned CA2093738A1 (en) | 1992-05-01 | 1993-04-08 | Compositions and methods for improving the wetting of particulates |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR940005314A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2093738A1 (en) |
| LT (1) | LTIP504A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL298769A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA933003B (en) |
-
1993
- 1993-04-08 CA CA002093738A patent/CA2093738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-04-28 ZA ZA933003A patent/ZA933003B/en unknown
- 1993-04-30 PL PL93298769A patent/PL298769A1/en unknown
- 1993-04-30 KR KR1019930007387A patent/KR940005314A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-04-30 LT LTIP504A patent/LTIP504A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LTIP504A (en) | 1994-11-25 |
| KR940005314A (en) | 1994-03-21 |
| ZA933003B (en) | 1993-11-05 |
| PL298769A1 (en) | 1994-03-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |