CA2071764A1 - Automated tool measurement - Google Patents
Automated tool measurementInfo
- Publication number
- CA2071764A1 CA2071764A1 CA002071764A CA2071764A CA2071764A1 CA 2071764 A1 CA2071764 A1 CA 2071764A1 CA 002071764 A CA002071764 A CA 002071764A CA 2071764 A CA2071764 A CA 2071764A CA 2071764 A1 CA2071764 A1 CA 2071764A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- edge
- cutting
- image processing
- processing computer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37559—Camera, vision of tool, compute tool center, detect tool wear
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In an apparatus for the automated measurement of a tool on a grinding machine or other machine tool having a coordinate carriage enabling the tool to be adjusted in two dimensions in a common plane, the carriage bears an imaging camera connected to an image processing computer and directed at the tool cutting-edge. The camera has a planar array with computed crosshairs stored as an associated reference system in the image processing computer, and the carriage is equipped with motors controlled by the image processing computer to adjust the carriage in both coordinate directions. The image processing computer operates under control of a program which constantly ascertains the distances of the cutting-edge from the coordinate axes of the crosshairs and outputs pulses to the motors to move the carriage until, in a new tool position, the deviations in the X and Z directions are nulled and hence the tool has been accurately measured. The image processing computer is connected through an interface to a digital counter displaying the toll cutting-edge's coordinate values X, Z in relation to the tool holder.
In an apparatus for the automated measurement of a tool on a grinding machine or other machine tool having a coordinate carriage enabling the tool to be adjusted in two dimensions in a common plane, the carriage bears an imaging camera connected to an image processing computer and directed at the tool cutting-edge. The camera has a planar array with computed crosshairs stored as an associated reference system in the image processing computer, and the carriage is equipped with motors controlled by the image processing computer to adjust the carriage in both coordinate directions. The image processing computer operates under control of a program which constantly ascertains the distances of the cutting-edge from the coordinate axes of the crosshairs and outputs pulses to the motors to move the carriage until, in a new tool position, the deviations in the X and Z directions are nulled and hence the tool has been accurately measured. The image processing computer is connected through an interface to a digital counter displaying the toll cutting-edge's coordinate values X, Z in relation to the tool holder.
Description
2~176~
The invention concerns apparatus for automatically measuring a tool on a grinding machine or on machine-tool equipment and the like, in particular on a measuring and adjustment device comprising a coordinate carriage adjustable in two directions in one plane and whereby the tool cutting-edge can be adjusted in the plane of said coordinates.
Optical-mechanical measuring and adjusting devices for tools of processing machines and machine-tool equipment are known, wherein a carriage displaceable 2~71 76~
along a vertical or horizontal bed-guide and equipped with a viewer objective can be mounted or removed to and from a fine-control system at an arbitrary position of its displacement.
When operating such measuring and adjusting devices, the tool affixed in a toolholder is clamped in a seat matching the tool-holder seat of the processing machine on which the tool shall be used. In order that during an automated process illustratively a drilling tool shall precisely observe the prescribed depth of drilling, the position of the tool tip must be determined relative to the toolholder seat. The measurements ascertained at the adjusting device, for instance length or the coordinate position of an excentrically mounted tool cutting-edge, can be transferred to machine-tool holder.
In order to point the observer objective mounted on the carriage of the adjusting device at the cutting-edge of the clamped tool, this carriage may be moved as fast as possible by a coarse control into the field of view of the observer objective, that is as close as possible to the hair line imaged on a viewing screen and thereupon the further carriage displacements can be implemented using the fine control until there is 2~7176~
nulling.
Illustratively if the tool cutting-edge of a hollowout-tool in the form of a boring bar shall be mea-sured on the adjusting device, then the X values of the radial distance between the tip of the cutting-edge and the tool axis and the Z values of the longitudinal distance between the tool cutting-edge and the seat must be determined.
Accordingly the tool is clamped in the adjusting-device seat and the projector is positioned in such a way relative to the illuminated tool cutting-edge that this cutting-edge arrives precisely at the crosshairs of the projector. As the coordinate carriage of the adjusting device with the projector approaches, the tool cutting-edge at first is imaged in a blurred way in the projector. By moving a handwheel, the picture of the cutting-edge is rotated into the coordinate plane and focused in the projector. Following this focusing, the coordinate carriage is further adjusted by driving handwheels at the fine-control system until the tool cutting-edge appears precisely in the crosshairs of the projector. Measured values X and z of the presently accurately measured tool now can be read off a digital counter.
2~ 76~
The above-described measurement procedure depends substantially on the qualification of the operator of the adjusting device, both as regards the adjustment time and the adjustment accuracy. The accuracy that can be achieved is between 0.002 and 0.004 mm.
The measured values X and Z can be stored and during tool usage can be read out of the processing machine computer. Additionally or alternatively, the measured values X and Z may be printed and remain with the tool, in which case they are only fed by the operator to the processing machine at the time the tool is used.
If the already ground or first-used cutting-edge can be adjusted at the tool itself, the measurement then can be combined with adjustment. In this instance what matters is that the cutting-edge shall be adjusted to predetermined coordinate values. For that purpose the deviations of the actual values visible to the observer at the projector from the reference values are eliminated in suitable steps to adjust the cutting-edge relative to the tool holder, for instance by loosening clamping screws, displacing or tapping the tool and tightening the clamping screws.
Recently, on the other hand, so-called 2~7~ 76~
adjustment devices with image processing have become known, which allow only measuring the tools, but not adjusting them. These adjustment devices comprise a camera and a monitor instead of the projector, the tool cutting-edge being shown on said monitor. An image-processing computer with an output for a digital counter is connected by means of interfaces to the camera and monitor.
During the measurement procedure, the coordinate carriage of the adjustment device, where said carriage supports the camera, first is pointed at the cutting-edge until it appears on the monitor. The toolholder together with the tool is adjusted about its axis of rotation by a handwheel actuation until the cutting-edge is in focus on the monitor. Henceforth the image processor is able to compute, by means of the image recorded by the camera, the ~X and ~Z values, that is, the distances between the cutting-edge in the X and Z
directions from a null point that is located in a planar array integrated into the camera and superposed on the image taken by this camera and serving as reference sy~tem to the image-processing computer. When corrected by the computed ~X and ~Z values, the positions of the null point relative to the tool holder and to the tool 20~76~
axis are the final measurement-result which is fed to the digital counter.
This procedure renders measurement substantially independent of the operator. Accuracy of measurement now no longer depends on the operator but only on the measurement system itself. However this image-processing system incurs the drawback of very high equipment costs and a fairly low accuracy of measurement which is only 0.01 to 0.02 mm and which for large ~X and ~Z values is even less. The high costs follow from the camera being equipped with a CCD planar array which must be highly accurate, and from high optical requirements being placed on this camera. Also this system entails a high-grade computer with high computing output in order to be able to compute the distance values in the X and Z
directions with the above stated accuracy.
These known adjusting devices frequently are fitted with two cameras . Since both must be used in ~ automated manner, there is additional mechanical ~ complexity. Also such adjusting devices comprise motor ~drives to relieve the operator from intervening manually.
This automation however does not improve the accuracy of measurement, it merely adds to operator comfort.
In the light of this state of the art, it is :~ ' " ~ ' 20~176'~
the object of the present invention to so improve and further develop apparatus of the initially cited kind that automated tool measurement is feasible with high accuracy of measurement while the amount of required equipment is kept low in relation to the high accuracy and the rapidity of measurement. At the same time the apparatus makes it possible to rapidly adjust tools using its components or subassemblies used for automatic measurement.
This problem is solved in the invention by apparatus for the automated measurement of tools which is characterized in that -- the carriage bears an imaging camera connected to an image processing computer and pointing at the tool cutting-edge, -- the camera comprises a planar array with computed crosshairs stored as the associated reference system in the image processing computer, -- the carriage is equipped with motors controlled by the image processing computer to adjust said carriage in both coordinate directions, -- the image processing computer contains an operational program constantly ascertaining the distances of the cutting-edge from the coordinate axes of the 20~17~
crosshairs and emitting the pulses correcting the distance values to the motors until, in the new tool position, the deviations in the X and Z directions have become null and hence the tool has been accurately measured, -- the image processing computer is connected through an interface to a digital counter displaying the toll cutting-edge's coordinate values X, Z in relation to the tool holder.
The measuring apparatus of the invention, allowing accurate tool measurements independently of the operator, differs advantageously from the above system wherein the image processing computer computes and displays the distances of the cutting-edge in both coordinates from the computer stored crosshairs, these results of the prior art being fairly inaccurate, because even when using a high-cost computation system and high camera image quality, only an accuracy of measurement of 0.01 to 0.02 mm is achieved. In the apparatus of the invention on the other hand, first approximated cutting-edge distance values along the X and Z axes are computed, and then the coordinate carriage for the apparatus is correspondingly adjusted in the X or Z axis. Because of the constant, automatically renewed measurements and 207176~
adjustments, the distances are gradually eliminated, that is, the camera crosshairs axes are made to coincide with the tool cutting-edge. The higher accuracy so achieved is due to the measured distances constantly decreasing during the measurement and adjusting steps performed by the computer in connection with~the camera optics and the servomotors, and thereby the resolution made possible by the quality of the camera and the computer capacity is available for the continuously decreasing difference values. Using this measurement method, the accuracy of measurement can be raised into the range of + 0.001 mm, and compared with the state of the art, substantially less stringent requirements need be placed on instrument sensitivity and computer complexity, as a result of which costs are much lower. Moreover components and measurements steps of the apparatus of the invention also may be used to adjust tools.
In a further embodiment mode of the invention, the tool holder comprises an servomotor controlled in such a way from the image processing computer that at the beginning of the operational program and as needed (tool out of focus) the computer emits pulses to the servomotor until the tool cutting-edge is in the plane of the coordinates.
2~7176~
Appropriately a monitor mounted in particular on the coordinates carriage can be hooked up to the image processing computer and display the camera image inclusive the planar array with the computed crosshairs.
Additionally LED's may be present at the monitor which shall light up upon termination of the computer's operational program for the focusing of the cutting-edge and for the nulling in the directions of the X and Z
axes. Again, acoustic signal generators to announce the termination of the measurement along the particular axis or axes may be provided so that the operator shall be notified that nulling has taken place in the event the adjustments are carried out in less than fully automated manner.
Additional servomotors for coarse control of the coordinates carriage and also to rotate the tool holder may be connected to the image processing computer for the purpose of focusing the cutting-edge. The coordinate carriages also may be adjusted independently of the servomotors, for instance manually using handwheels mounted on adjustment spindles. An automation switch may be used to start the operational program, namely with the focusing of the cutting-edge. In one embodiment mode the automated procedure initiated by the 2~:L7~
start button shall be interrupted after the cutting-edge has been focused, and consequently the initiation of the next operational procedure requires renewed actuation of the automation switch or else another automation key is provided. Such division and key actuation will be appropriate where focusing is each time undertaken anew after the cutting-edge has been corrected for.
Moreover safety devices may be present in the image processing computer that only switch the operational program of the automated tool measurement ON
after the cutting-edge has been focused by the adjustment device associated with the tool holder.
The apparatus of the invention is not bound to specific designs of measuring and adjusting devices, instead it may be fitted to all arbitrary adjustment means. The apparatus furthermore can be used as a unit on an erosion machine or machine tool to automatically measure clamped tools.
The invention also relates to a method for adjusting a tool on an adjustment device using the above apparatus, the method being such that the coordinate carriages are set to the tool cutting-edge reference position displayed by the digital counter, in that the 2~7~ 76~
cutting-edge is focused on the monitor and is adjusted manually in such a way that its distance from the crosshairs axes in the X and z directions approaches null, and lastly in that by actuating the automation switch to perform automated measurements and by subsequently manually adjusting the cutting-edge, where called for repeating these steps, correction is accomplished until null, ie the completed adjustment procedure has been performed, the particular LED's for the associated X and Z axes then lighting up.
Further features and advantages of the apparatus and method of the invention are described below for an illustrative embodiment and also in the drawings which also show features of the invention. The particular features, especially those of the claims, may form further embodiment modes of the invention by themselves or in arbitrary combinations. The drawings are all schematic.
Fig. 1 is an overview of an apparatus of the invention used with a measuring and adjusting device, Fig. 2 is an illustration of a planar array integrated into the camera, Fig. 3 shows a monitor screen with LED's and a tool cutting-edge out of focus, 20~176~
Fig. 4 shows a monitor screen with a focused and prècisely adjusted, measured cutting-edge, Fig. 5 is an overview of the assemblies belonging to the apparatus of the invention before the automated measurement begins, and Fig. 6 is the apparatus in a representation similar to that of Fig. 5 but upon termination of automated measurement.
An adjustment device equipped with the apparatus of the invention comprises, as shown in Fig. 1, a bed 1 with a bellows-covered guide, a lower coordinate carriage 2 being horizontally adjustable on said guide and in turn providing a guide for an upper coordinate carriage 3 displaceable in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A TV camera 7 is mounted on an arm 4 extending from an upper part of the coordinate carriage 3 on the top of which an image screen or monitor 8 is also mounted though it may be placed elsewhere. A light source 5 is mounted on the upper coordinate carriage 3 at a distance below the camera 7 so that the cutting-edge 21 of the tool 20 to be measured can be inserted into the space between said light source and said camera.
The camera is focused on the coordinate plane perpendicular to that of the drawing of Fig. 1 and in 20~176~
which the tool cutting-edge shall be measured, said plane furthermore passing through the horizontal axis B of a tool-holder housing 15 that illustratively together with other holders (omitted) for a boring bar, a steel holder and/or tools with cylindrical shank or steep-angle taper is mounted on a turntable 16 resting on the bed 1. The camera 7 and the monitor 8 replace the projector otherwise present in conventional adjusting devices.
Said camera and monitor are connected by interfaces 11 and 12 resp. with an image processing computer 9 connected through~an output and an interface 10 to a digital counter 6.
The adjusting apparatus of the invention comprises servomotors 13 and 14 to displace the coordinate carriages and the camera 7 mounted on them. ;~
Moreover a servomotor 17 may be provided which drives a tool holder resting in the housing 15 in order to adjust the drilling tool 20 inserted or clamped therein about the axis of rotation B. Automated tool measurement is carried out by means of these servomotors without the operator having to intervene. In addition to the described servomotors, handwheels (omitted) may also be provided in order to manually intervene in the measurement or adjustment procedure if needed.
~:
, ~
:: ~
2a~l76~
Fig. 2 shows a planar array 22 imaged on the monitor of the camera 7. The planar array is about 5 x 5 mm and integrated into the camera. The shown crosshairs are computed in the image memory of the image processing computer 9 and they are superposed on the tool cutting-edge imaged on the monitor 8.
Fig. 3 shows the monitor 8 at the beginning of tool measurement when the tool cutting-edge 21 first is out of focus. Two sets of LED's 24, 26 each of three LED's are mounted on the monitor, the middle ones lighting up jointly when the adjusting or measuring procedure, including the focusing for the axis of rotation B, has been completed. These displays, or others, may be accompanied by an acoustic signal. Each lateral LED of the set 24, 26 shows the final adjustment (difference = 0) regarding the X or the Z axis and the LED on the other side shows the focus about the axis B
ascertained by the computer.
The automated program when measuring and/or adjusting the tool cutting-edge begins with actuating an automation switch button 28 in Fig. 1. During the measurement phase, the image processing computer 9 first recognizes that the cutting-edge 21 of the tool 2Q is out of focus. In order to focus, it emits pulses to the 2~ 7~4 servomotor 17 which rotates the toolholder 18 until the computer g ascertains the cutting-edge focus shown in Fig. 4. This focus is indicated on the image screen by one LED display each in the set 24, 26 as shown by Fig.
3.
Thereupon the image processing computer 9, on account of its programming, recognizes that the cutting-edge 21 is distant by ~X and ~Z from the computed crosshairs. Accordingly the computer emits pulses to the servomotors 13 and 14 which control the coordinate carriages of the adjustment device until the distances between the crosshairs and the image cutting-edge have been eliminated, ie until the ~X and ~Z values have been nulled.
The tool is henceforth accurately positioned and the image processing computer 9 emits through the interface 10 the completion signal to the digital counter 6, from where the precise measurement result can be read out or printed. In this method the accur~acy of measurement is in the range of + 0.001 mm. The obtention of the accurate measurement result is simultaneously displayed at the monitor 8 by the LED's 24, 26 and furthermore may be accompanied by an acoustic signal.
This state is shown by the monitor of Fig. 6 where the 207176~
middle LED's of the display sets 24 and 26 for the x and Z axes resp. light up.
As regards the novel tool measurements carri~d out independently of any operator by means of the apparatus of the invention, the coordinate carriages of the adjusting device are displaced in the X and Z axes by using the image processing system and upon detection and computation of the approximate ~X and ~Z values resp. of said carriages, new measurements and re-adjustments taking place continuously until the differences are nulled. The substantially increased accuracy achieved in the invention relative to the single computation of the ~X and ~Z values for the initially described and known equipment is made possible because as the measurement re-adjusting procedure of the invention proceeds, thedifferences become smaller while the resolution of the apparatus for steadily decreasing differences is available and hence the correction becomes ever more accurate and, compared with the prior state of the art, the requirements set on instrument sensitivity and computational complexity are lower. Moreover, only one completion signal travels from the image processing computer 9 through the interface 10 to the digital counter 6, ie, there is no transmission of ~X and ~Z
207176~
values.
The measurement procedure is automated, ie it takes place without an operator, and it is applied to a measuring and adjusting device for instance in milling machines, for cutting steels and other, non-rotating tools; such, following grinding or upon being delivered from stock, are predetermined in their size and therefore can only be measured but not set.
As regards rotating tools, on the other hand, an adjustment procedure is carried out, especially for boring bars, drills or milling heads with adjustable cutting-edges. During the adjustment procedure the coordinate carriages of the adjustment device are displaced by hand or motor until the predetermined set values for the X and Z axes are displayed by the digital counter 6. The crosshairs of the camera 7 are then located at the reference position of the tool cutting-edge 21.
Presently the cutting-edge 21 can be readjusted manually to that extent, and it appears out of focus on the monitor 8 as it did in Fig. 3. By next actuating the automation switch 30, the cutting-edge can be focused in the manner of the measurement procedure illustrated by Fig. 5. Thereupon the cutting-edge is so adjusted ~7176~
manually on the tool that either the ~X or the ~Z value becomes zero. At this time the associated LED of the set 24 or 26 lights up as an optical accessory. ~X = 0 corresponds to the precisely set radial value (cutting-edge distance from the B axis, for instance of a boringbar); ~Z = 0 corresponds to the precisely set length (cutting-edge distance from the tool holder).
Depending on the kind of tool or its cutting-edge, there may be a need for adjusting both the radius (distance from the B axis) and the length to precise reference values; however there are also cases when only the radius or only the length needs being adjusted accurately. The LED displays on the monitor indicate when the precise adjustment values of radius or diameter have been achieved, and an acoustic signal may be emitted also from a corresponding (omitted) device. Adjustment is completed as soon as the differences are null.
In those cases when only the X value or the Z
value of the tool cutting-edge has a reference position which was manually set at the tool, the yet undetermined distance relating to the particular other axis can be ascertained by measuring the tool in automated manner.
For that purpose the automation button 30 is again actuated in order to initiate the automated measurement 2~7i76~
in the apparatus of this other axis, and accordingly, upon completion of measurement, the tool cutting-edge will be precisely set as shown on the monitor 6. In this manner the operator rapidly and automatically obtains the X and Z values displayed by the digital counter, one of the values, which corresponds to the predetermined reference position, having been obtained by manually readjusting the cutting-edge.
Use of the automated tool measurement during the adjustment procedure also may be appropriate when the operator wants to ascertain the distance by which the cutting edge is away from the known reference value in either direction before the adjustment is being carried out or even when the tool cutting-edge already has been partially readjusted. Following this automated interim measurement, the coordinate carriages, ie the camera, are moved again to the predetermined reference position displayed at the digital counter 6 and thereupon the cutting-edge is readjusted by the ascertained differential value.
2~ 7~
iff tbe known adjustment devices ~i~ im~ge E~ ~essi~q, a~;
~q re~erred-to, the coordinate carriage. %up~orting 'che ~
r,~ ~is manual~y ad~us~ea only unt~ 1 t}~ elltt~gjedqe appears ,:g~tr.~lly focused on the monitor, the i~na~pr~ce~r~ing ~pmputer for thi~ kind of i~age p~ocessiny ne~s ~ ex~ensive~ ope-cap~city, in order to be al~le to qe~.lte t~e ~stan~
' ;'' 't' ' ' I ' . . . ~th~ X and Z ~lr~ctior~ with the decir~d~ ,racy of ra~u~
~nt. A pro-condition ~or acceptsble ~ca~u~ t acc~aracy,. ho~
;~P~ n nnt~t~n~in~ ~-rform~nce of th~.-opt ~ Ql cyct~.of .
camera, such that the image cf the ~ute~nqt~dger when blo at th~ lmage-processing computer,. wi ~ not ~e ~dul- .
ted or deteriorated by optical aberrat~ n ~ other ~ptlcal~ :
co~i~g~. Additionally, accuracy of mea8ur ~ nt:may be i~r ~,~.by imperfect illu~ination, re~ulting ~ bn inacturate ,. ,.; .;.. .. . :.
~ig~. of the cutting-~dgo. Inaccuracic~ :an~ii~r~ct im4g~
. c~.i~qi~Ating from ~:his or o~he3~ ~n1uenc~s ca~i *ly be c~mpensa-- . . t~ ~y ~ncsea9inq the c~oplexi~y and techliie l kes~urc~ of the -~ e.~p~ocessing cQmput~r ~or d~erninating;t~'elcourse or s~ape ...: ,.,.. . . . . .. ~
~n resulting broad~r gre~-tone image;e ~ e~ he gr~ter ; ~ dtance ls between the cutting-edge imagedl~n the:~onitor t~ a~ociated coordin~te, the great~r t~e da~g-r..that . - I . !
. I . ~
2~7~ 7~
tho di~;tancc ~o 1~e computed i~ ad~lterated. by Iho~e i~perf~
éio.n~ of the aa~ra optic andfc~r .by c~p4~ing lrr<?r~ disltance~
thri~g i.nve~tigation of th~ g~ey-tone ~
'A~C~!dln9 t:o the invention the:~e pro~ re tlimina~d by a~t,l~tlcal ~llcaesslv~ ~pproaching ~t~ps ca~iild out ~y 'che procc~sing comput~r and th~ Ser~o-m~o~r~ !cor~rolled r~y,' such ~hat ~y a 3equence of, ~or ex~i~ :~wo or ~hree .the re~pect~ve coordiDate or the null~po~ nt of the cro~s-. i~ ove~l toward the ~utting-edge ~n~ ing to a ~:~-distance, whlch ~an~3 th~t the succe~r~e ~1~0~0n~s ~iate any po~ible abe~ration def~ct of ~hq c~er~ optic, e~: null point of the cross-wire rer~ain#. sit~at~ld in 1:he ~a~ic centr~l area o the op~cic sucb th~ Ly follow~n~
~p ~f d~termina~cing the gr~tone sh~pe o~ th¦~ cutting-~
12ecome more accurate and }ess ambiguou~ The a~o~ n-"Rianar arra~ " means a pl~nar arr~g~en~ of pl~oto dio-. i~ch tbat the imag~ ~ry of the ~p~t~r ~ncl~des or r~-pre~n~ An ~lectronic equivalent o~ ~t ~ray! ~ile d~flnite .. ~r,y addre~s~s are defincd ~ thQ c~oJ~-~te ~f ~h- coordina-t4 ~.y~te~. , ' ,. , ' ' :' ~;.' ' : .' , i
The invention concerns apparatus for automatically measuring a tool on a grinding machine or on machine-tool equipment and the like, in particular on a measuring and adjustment device comprising a coordinate carriage adjustable in two directions in one plane and whereby the tool cutting-edge can be adjusted in the plane of said coordinates.
Optical-mechanical measuring and adjusting devices for tools of processing machines and machine-tool equipment are known, wherein a carriage displaceable 2~71 76~
along a vertical or horizontal bed-guide and equipped with a viewer objective can be mounted or removed to and from a fine-control system at an arbitrary position of its displacement.
When operating such measuring and adjusting devices, the tool affixed in a toolholder is clamped in a seat matching the tool-holder seat of the processing machine on which the tool shall be used. In order that during an automated process illustratively a drilling tool shall precisely observe the prescribed depth of drilling, the position of the tool tip must be determined relative to the toolholder seat. The measurements ascertained at the adjusting device, for instance length or the coordinate position of an excentrically mounted tool cutting-edge, can be transferred to machine-tool holder.
In order to point the observer objective mounted on the carriage of the adjusting device at the cutting-edge of the clamped tool, this carriage may be moved as fast as possible by a coarse control into the field of view of the observer objective, that is as close as possible to the hair line imaged on a viewing screen and thereupon the further carriage displacements can be implemented using the fine control until there is 2~7176~
nulling.
Illustratively if the tool cutting-edge of a hollowout-tool in the form of a boring bar shall be mea-sured on the adjusting device, then the X values of the radial distance between the tip of the cutting-edge and the tool axis and the Z values of the longitudinal distance between the tool cutting-edge and the seat must be determined.
Accordingly the tool is clamped in the adjusting-device seat and the projector is positioned in such a way relative to the illuminated tool cutting-edge that this cutting-edge arrives precisely at the crosshairs of the projector. As the coordinate carriage of the adjusting device with the projector approaches, the tool cutting-edge at first is imaged in a blurred way in the projector. By moving a handwheel, the picture of the cutting-edge is rotated into the coordinate plane and focused in the projector. Following this focusing, the coordinate carriage is further adjusted by driving handwheels at the fine-control system until the tool cutting-edge appears precisely in the crosshairs of the projector. Measured values X and z of the presently accurately measured tool now can be read off a digital counter.
2~ 76~
The above-described measurement procedure depends substantially on the qualification of the operator of the adjusting device, both as regards the adjustment time and the adjustment accuracy. The accuracy that can be achieved is between 0.002 and 0.004 mm.
The measured values X and Z can be stored and during tool usage can be read out of the processing machine computer. Additionally or alternatively, the measured values X and Z may be printed and remain with the tool, in which case they are only fed by the operator to the processing machine at the time the tool is used.
If the already ground or first-used cutting-edge can be adjusted at the tool itself, the measurement then can be combined with adjustment. In this instance what matters is that the cutting-edge shall be adjusted to predetermined coordinate values. For that purpose the deviations of the actual values visible to the observer at the projector from the reference values are eliminated in suitable steps to adjust the cutting-edge relative to the tool holder, for instance by loosening clamping screws, displacing or tapping the tool and tightening the clamping screws.
Recently, on the other hand, so-called 2~7~ 76~
adjustment devices with image processing have become known, which allow only measuring the tools, but not adjusting them. These adjustment devices comprise a camera and a monitor instead of the projector, the tool cutting-edge being shown on said monitor. An image-processing computer with an output for a digital counter is connected by means of interfaces to the camera and monitor.
During the measurement procedure, the coordinate carriage of the adjustment device, where said carriage supports the camera, first is pointed at the cutting-edge until it appears on the monitor. The toolholder together with the tool is adjusted about its axis of rotation by a handwheel actuation until the cutting-edge is in focus on the monitor. Henceforth the image processor is able to compute, by means of the image recorded by the camera, the ~X and ~Z values, that is, the distances between the cutting-edge in the X and Z
directions from a null point that is located in a planar array integrated into the camera and superposed on the image taken by this camera and serving as reference sy~tem to the image-processing computer. When corrected by the computed ~X and ~Z values, the positions of the null point relative to the tool holder and to the tool 20~76~
axis are the final measurement-result which is fed to the digital counter.
This procedure renders measurement substantially independent of the operator. Accuracy of measurement now no longer depends on the operator but only on the measurement system itself. However this image-processing system incurs the drawback of very high equipment costs and a fairly low accuracy of measurement which is only 0.01 to 0.02 mm and which for large ~X and ~Z values is even less. The high costs follow from the camera being equipped with a CCD planar array which must be highly accurate, and from high optical requirements being placed on this camera. Also this system entails a high-grade computer with high computing output in order to be able to compute the distance values in the X and Z
directions with the above stated accuracy.
These known adjusting devices frequently are fitted with two cameras . Since both must be used in ~ automated manner, there is additional mechanical ~ complexity. Also such adjusting devices comprise motor ~drives to relieve the operator from intervening manually.
This automation however does not improve the accuracy of measurement, it merely adds to operator comfort.
In the light of this state of the art, it is :~ ' " ~ ' 20~176'~
the object of the present invention to so improve and further develop apparatus of the initially cited kind that automated tool measurement is feasible with high accuracy of measurement while the amount of required equipment is kept low in relation to the high accuracy and the rapidity of measurement. At the same time the apparatus makes it possible to rapidly adjust tools using its components or subassemblies used for automatic measurement.
This problem is solved in the invention by apparatus for the automated measurement of tools which is characterized in that -- the carriage bears an imaging camera connected to an image processing computer and pointing at the tool cutting-edge, -- the camera comprises a planar array with computed crosshairs stored as the associated reference system in the image processing computer, -- the carriage is equipped with motors controlled by the image processing computer to adjust said carriage in both coordinate directions, -- the image processing computer contains an operational program constantly ascertaining the distances of the cutting-edge from the coordinate axes of the 20~17~
crosshairs and emitting the pulses correcting the distance values to the motors until, in the new tool position, the deviations in the X and Z directions have become null and hence the tool has been accurately measured, -- the image processing computer is connected through an interface to a digital counter displaying the toll cutting-edge's coordinate values X, Z in relation to the tool holder.
The measuring apparatus of the invention, allowing accurate tool measurements independently of the operator, differs advantageously from the above system wherein the image processing computer computes and displays the distances of the cutting-edge in both coordinates from the computer stored crosshairs, these results of the prior art being fairly inaccurate, because even when using a high-cost computation system and high camera image quality, only an accuracy of measurement of 0.01 to 0.02 mm is achieved. In the apparatus of the invention on the other hand, first approximated cutting-edge distance values along the X and Z axes are computed, and then the coordinate carriage for the apparatus is correspondingly adjusted in the X or Z axis. Because of the constant, automatically renewed measurements and 207176~
adjustments, the distances are gradually eliminated, that is, the camera crosshairs axes are made to coincide with the tool cutting-edge. The higher accuracy so achieved is due to the measured distances constantly decreasing during the measurement and adjusting steps performed by the computer in connection with~the camera optics and the servomotors, and thereby the resolution made possible by the quality of the camera and the computer capacity is available for the continuously decreasing difference values. Using this measurement method, the accuracy of measurement can be raised into the range of + 0.001 mm, and compared with the state of the art, substantially less stringent requirements need be placed on instrument sensitivity and computer complexity, as a result of which costs are much lower. Moreover components and measurements steps of the apparatus of the invention also may be used to adjust tools.
In a further embodiment mode of the invention, the tool holder comprises an servomotor controlled in such a way from the image processing computer that at the beginning of the operational program and as needed (tool out of focus) the computer emits pulses to the servomotor until the tool cutting-edge is in the plane of the coordinates.
2~7176~
Appropriately a monitor mounted in particular on the coordinates carriage can be hooked up to the image processing computer and display the camera image inclusive the planar array with the computed crosshairs.
Additionally LED's may be present at the monitor which shall light up upon termination of the computer's operational program for the focusing of the cutting-edge and for the nulling in the directions of the X and Z
axes. Again, acoustic signal generators to announce the termination of the measurement along the particular axis or axes may be provided so that the operator shall be notified that nulling has taken place in the event the adjustments are carried out in less than fully automated manner.
Additional servomotors for coarse control of the coordinates carriage and also to rotate the tool holder may be connected to the image processing computer for the purpose of focusing the cutting-edge. The coordinate carriages also may be adjusted independently of the servomotors, for instance manually using handwheels mounted on adjustment spindles. An automation switch may be used to start the operational program, namely with the focusing of the cutting-edge. In one embodiment mode the automated procedure initiated by the 2~:L7~
start button shall be interrupted after the cutting-edge has been focused, and consequently the initiation of the next operational procedure requires renewed actuation of the automation switch or else another automation key is provided. Such division and key actuation will be appropriate where focusing is each time undertaken anew after the cutting-edge has been corrected for.
Moreover safety devices may be present in the image processing computer that only switch the operational program of the automated tool measurement ON
after the cutting-edge has been focused by the adjustment device associated with the tool holder.
The apparatus of the invention is not bound to specific designs of measuring and adjusting devices, instead it may be fitted to all arbitrary adjustment means. The apparatus furthermore can be used as a unit on an erosion machine or machine tool to automatically measure clamped tools.
The invention also relates to a method for adjusting a tool on an adjustment device using the above apparatus, the method being such that the coordinate carriages are set to the tool cutting-edge reference position displayed by the digital counter, in that the 2~7~ 76~
cutting-edge is focused on the monitor and is adjusted manually in such a way that its distance from the crosshairs axes in the X and z directions approaches null, and lastly in that by actuating the automation switch to perform automated measurements and by subsequently manually adjusting the cutting-edge, where called for repeating these steps, correction is accomplished until null, ie the completed adjustment procedure has been performed, the particular LED's for the associated X and Z axes then lighting up.
Further features and advantages of the apparatus and method of the invention are described below for an illustrative embodiment and also in the drawings which also show features of the invention. The particular features, especially those of the claims, may form further embodiment modes of the invention by themselves or in arbitrary combinations. The drawings are all schematic.
Fig. 1 is an overview of an apparatus of the invention used with a measuring and adjusting device, Fig. 2 is an illustration of a planar array integrated into the camera, Fig. 3 shows a monitor screen with LED's and a tool cutting-edge out of focus, 20~176~
Fig. 4 shows a monitor screen with a focused and prècisely adjusted, measured cutting-edge, Fig. 5 is an overview of the assemblies belonging to the apparatus of the invention before the automated measurement begins, and Fig. 6 is the apparatus in a representation similar to that of Fig. 5 but upon termination of automated measurement.
An adjustment device equipped with the apparatus of the invention comprises, as shown in Fig. 1, a bed 1 with a bellows-covered guide, a lower coordinate carriage 2 being horizontally adjustable on said guide and in turn providing a guide for an upper coordinate carriage 3 displaceable in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A TV camera 7 is mounted on an arm 4 extending from an upper part of the coordinate carriage 3 on the top of which an image screen or monitor 8 is also mounted though it may be placed elsewhere. A light source 5 is mounted on the upper coordinate carriage 3 at a distance below the camera 7 so that the cutting-edge 21 of the tool 20 to be measured can be inserted into the space between said light source and said camera.
The camera is focused on the coordinate plane perpendicular to that of the drawing of Fig. 1 and in 20~176~
which the tool cutting-edge shall be measured, said plane furthermore passing through the horizontal axis B of a tool-holder housing 15 that illustratively together with other holders (omitted) for a boring bar, a steel holder and/or tools with cylindrical shank or steep-angle taper is mounted on a turntable 16 resting on the bed 1. The camera 7 and the monitor 8 replace the projector otherwise present in conventional adjusting devices.
Said camera and monitor are connected by interfaces 11 and 12 resp. with an image processing computer 9 connected through~an output and an interface 10 to a digital counter 6.
The adjusting apparatus of the invention comprises servomotors 13 and 14 to displace the coordinate carriages and the camera 7 mounted on them. ;~
Moreover a servomotor 17 may be provided which drives a tool holder resting in the housing 15 in order to adjust the drilling tool 20 inserted or clamped therein about the axis of rotation B. Automated tool measurement is carried out by means of these servomotors without the operator having to intervene. In addition to the described servomotors, handwheels (omitted) may also be provided in order to manually intervene in the measurement or adjustment procedure if needed.
~:
, ~
:: ~
2a~l76~
Fig. 2 shows a planar array 22 imaged on the monitor of the camera 7. The planar array is about 5 x 5 mm and integrated into the camera. The shown crosshairs are computed in the image memory of the image processing computer 9 and they are superposed on the tool cutting-edge imaged on the monitor 8.
Fig. 3 shows the monitor 8 at the beginning of tool measurement when the tool cutting-edge 21 first is out of focus. Two sets of LED's 24, 26 each of three LED's are mounted on the monitor, the middle ones lighting up jointly when the adjusting or measuring procedure, including the focusing for the axis of rotation B, has been completed. These displays, or others, may be accompanied by an acoustic signal. Each lateral LED of the set 24, 26 shows the final adjustment (difference = 0) regarding the X or the Z axis and the LED on the other side shows the focus about the axis B
ascertained by the computer.
The automated program when measuring and/or adjusting the tool cutting-edge begins with actuating an automation switch button 28 in Fig. 1. During the measurement phase, the image processing computer 9 first recognizes that the cutting-edge 21 of the tool 2Q is out of focus. In order to focus, it emits pulses to the 2~ 7~4 servomotor 17 which rotates the toolholder 18 until the computer g ascertains the cutting-edge focus shown in Fig. 4. This focus is indicated on the image screen by one LED display each in the set 24, 26 as shown by Fig.
3.
Thereupon the image processing computer 9, on account of its programming, recognizes that the cutting-edge 21 is distant by ~X and ~Z from the computed crosshairs. Accordingly the computer emits pulses to the servomotors 13 and 14 which control the coordinate carriages of the adjustment device until the distances between the crosshairs and the image cutting-edge have been eliminated, ie until the ~X and ~Z values have been nulled.
The tool is henceforth accurately positioned and the image processing computer 9 emits through the interface 10 the completion signal to the digital counter 6, from where the precise measurement result can be read out or printed. In this method the accur~acy of measurement is in the range of + 0.001 mm. The obtention of the accurate measurement result is simultaneously displayed at the monitor 8 by the LED's 24, 26 and furthermore may be accompanied by an acoustic signal.
This state is shown by the monitor of Fig. 6 where the 207176~
middle LED's of the display sets 24 and 26 for the x and Z axes resp. light up.
As regards the novel tool measurements carri~d out independently of any operator by means of the apparatus of the invention, the coordinate carriages of the adjusting device are displaced in the X and Z axes by using the image processing system and upon detection and computation of the approximate ~X and ~Z values resp. of said carriages, new measurements and re-adjustments taking place continuously until the differences are nulled. The substantially increased accuracy achieved in the invention relative to the single computation of the ~X and ~Z values for the initially described and known equipment is made possible because as the measurement re-adjusting procedure of the invention proceeds, thedifferences become smaller while the resolution of the apparatus for steadily decreasing differences is available and hence the correction becomes ever more accurate and, compared with the prior state of the art, the requirements set on instrument sensitivity and computational complexity are lower. Moreover, only one completion signal travels from the image processing computer 9 through the interface 10 to the digital counter 6, ie, there is no transmission of ~X and ~Z
207176~
values.
The measurement procedure is automated, ie it takes place without an operator, and it is applied to a measuring and adjusting device for instance in milling machines, for cutting steels and other, non-rotating tools; such, following grinding or upon being delivered from stock, are predetermined in their size and therefore can only be measured but not set.
As regards rotating tools, on the other hand, an adjustment procedure is carried out, especially for boring bars, drills or milling heads with adjustable cutting-edges. During the adjustment procedure the coordinate carriages of the adjustment device are displaced by hand or motor until the predetermined set values for the X and Z axes are displayed by the digital counter 6. The crosshairs of the camera 7 are then located at the reference position of the tool cutting-edge 21.
Presently the cutting-edge 21 can be readjusted manually to that extent, and it appears out of focus on the monitor 8 as it did in Fig. 3. By next actuating the automation switch 30, the cutting-edge can be focused in the manner of the measurement procedure illustrated by Fig. 5. Thereupon the cutting-edge is so adjusted ~7176~
manually on the tool that either the ~X or the ~Z value becomes zero. At this time the associated LED of the set 24 or 26 lights up as an optical accessory. ~X = 0 corresponds to the precisely set radial value (cutting-edge distance from the B axis, for instance of a boringbar); ~Z = 0 corresponds to the precisely set length (cutting-edge distance from the tool holder).
Depending on the kind of tool or its cutting-edge, there may be a need for adjusting both the radius (distance from the B axis) and the length to precise reference values; however there are also cases when only the radius or only the length needs being adjusted accurately. The LED displays on the monitor indicate when the precise adjustment values of radius or diameter have been achieved, and an acoustic signal may be emitted also from a corresponding (omitted) device. Adjustment is completed as soon as the differences are null.
In those cases when only the X value or the Z
value of the tool cutting-edge has a reference position which was manually set at the tool, the yet undetermined distance relating to the particular other axis can be ascertained by measuring the tool in automated manner.
For that purpose the automation button 30 is again actuated in order to initiate the automated measurement 2~7i76~
in the apparatus of this other axis, and accordingly, upon completion of measurement, the tool cutting-edge will be precisely set as shown on the monitor 6. In this manner the operator rapidly and automatically obtains the X and Z values displayed by the digital counter, one of the values, which corresponds to the predetermined reference position, having been obtained by manually readjusting the cutting-edge.
Use of the automated tool measurement during the adjustment procedure also may be appropriate when the operator wants to ascertain the distance by which the cutting edge is away from the known reference value in either direction before the adjustment is being carried out or even when the tool cutting-edge already has been partially readjusted. Following this automated interim measurement, the coordinate carriages, ie the camera, are moved again to the predetermined reference position displayed at the digital counter 6 and thereupon the cutting-edge is readjusted by the ascertained differential value.
2~ 7~
iff tbe known adjustment devices ~i~ im~ge E~ ~essi~q, a~;
~q re~erred-to, the coordinate carriage. %up~orting 'che ~
r,~ ~is manual~y ad~us~ea only unt~ 1 t}~ elltt~gjedqe appears ,:g~tr.~lly focused on the monitor, the i~na~pr~ce~r~ing ~pmputer for thi~ kind of i~age p~ocessiny ne~s ~ ex~ensive~ ope-cap~city, in order to be al~le to qe~.lte t~e ~stan~
' ;'' 't' ' ' I ' . . . ~th~ X and Z ~lr~ctior~ with the decir~d~ ,racy of ra~u~
~nt. A pro-condition ~or acceptsble ~ca~u~ t acc~aracy,. ho~
;~P~ n nnt~t~n~in~ ~-rform~nce of th~.-opt ~ Ql cyct~.of .
camera, such that the image cf the ~ute~nqt~dger when blo at th~ lmage-processing computer,. wi ~ not ~e ~dul- .
ted or deteriorated by optical aberrat~ n ~ other ~ptlcal~ :
co~i~g~. Additionally, accuracy of mea8ur ~ nt:may be i~r ~,~.by imperfect illu~ination, re~ulting ~ bn inacturate ,. ,.; .;.. .. . :.
~ig~. of the cutting-~dgo. Inaccuracic~ :an~ii~r~ct im4g~
. c~.i~qi~Ating from ~:his or o~he3~ ~n1uenc~s ca~i *ly be c~mpensa-- . . t~ ~y ~ncsea9inq the c~oplexi~y and techliie l kes~urc~ of the -~ e.~p~ocessing cQmput~r ~or d~erninating;t~'elcourse or s~ape ...: ,.,.. . . . . .. ~
~n resulting broad~r gre~-tone image;e ~ e~ he gr~ter ; ~ dtance ls between the cutting-edge imagedl~n the:~onitor t~ a~ociated coordin~te, the great~r t~e da~g-r..that . - I . !
. I . ~
2~7~ 7~
tho di~;tancc ~o 1~e computed i~ ad~lterated. by Iho~e i~perf~
éio.n~ of the aa~ra optic andfc~r .by c~p4~ing lrr<?r~ disltance~
thri~g i.nve~tigation of th~ g~ey-tone ~
'A~C~!dln9 t:o the invention the:~e pro~ re tlimina~d by a~t,l~tlcal ~llcaesslv~ ~pproaching ~t~ps ca~iild out ~y 'che procc~sing comput~r and th~ Ser~o-m~o~r~ !cor~rolled r~y,' such ~hat ~y a 3equence of, ~or ex~i~ :~wo or ~hree .the re~pect~ve coordiDate or the null~po~ nt of the cro~s-. i~ ove~l toward the ~utting-edge ~n~ ing to a ~:~-distance, whlch ~an~3 th~t the succe~r~e ~1~0~0n~s ~iate any po~ible abe~ration def~ct of ~hq c~er~ optic, e~: null point of the cross-wire rer~ain#. sit~at~ld in 1:he ~a~ic centr~l area o the op~cic sucb th~ Ly follow~n~
~p ~f d~termina~cing the gr~tone sh~pe o~ th¦~ cutting-~
12ecome more accurate and }ess ambiguou~ The a~o~ n-"Rianar arra~ " means a pl~nar arr~g~en~ of pl~oto dio-. i~ch tbat the imag~ ~ry of the ~p~t~r ~ncl~des or r~-pre~n~ An ~lectronic equivalent o~ ~t ~ray! ~ile d~flnite .. ~r,y addre~s~s are defincd ~ thQ c~oJ~-~te ~f ~h- coordina-t4 ~.y~te~. , ' ,. , ' ' :' ~;.' ' : .' , i
Claims (12)
1. Apparatus for the automated measurement of a tool on a machine-tool, grinding machine or the like, in particular on a measurement and adjustment device comprising a carriage displaceable in two coordinate directions in one plane and fitted with an optics which can be pointed at the tool cutting-edge and also with a tool holder allowing to displace the tool cutting-edge into the coordinates plane, which is characterized by the following features, -- the optics of the carriage (3) comprises a camera (7) connected to an image processing computer (9), -- the camera contains a planar array (22) with computed crosshairs stored as the reference system in the image processing computer (9), -- the carriage (3) is fitted with motors (13, 14) controlled by the image processing computer for adjustment in the two coordinate directions, -- the computer (9) contains an operational program constantly ascertaining the distances of the tool cutting-edge (21) from the crosshairs coordinate axes and emitting pulses compensating the distances to the motors (13, 14) until the deviations are null in the X
and Z directions in the new tool position and hence the tool (20) has been accurately measured, -- the computer (9) is connected through an interface (10) to a digital counter (6) displaying the measured coordinate values (X, Z) of the tool cutting-edge relative to the tool-holder.
and Z directions in the new tool position and hence the tool (20) has been accurately measured, -- the computer (9) is connected through an interface (10) to a digital counter (6) displaying the measured coordinate values (X, Z) of the tool cutting-edge relative to the tool-holder.
2. Apparatus defined in claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder (18) is associated with a servomotor (17) controlled in such a way by the image processing computer (9) that at the beginning of the operational program and as needed (tool image out of focus) it receives pulses from the computer until this image shall be located in the coordinates plane while the tool cutting-edge is shown in focus.
3. Apparatus defined in either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a monitor (8) which in particular is mounted on the coordinates carriage (3) is hooked up to the image processing computer (9), said monitor showing the image from the camera (7) inclusive the planar array (22) with the computed crosshairs.
4. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that LED's (24, 26) are present at the monitor and light up upon termination of the operational program of the image processing computer for the focusing of the tool cutting-edge and the nulling in the directions of the X and Z axes.
5. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that, in addition to the optical LED displays, acoustic signal generators are provided to announce the end of the measurement procedure in or about the particular axis.
6. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that additional servomotors for the coarse-control of the coordinate carriages in the X
and Z axes directions and a servomotor to rotate the tool holder about the axis of rotation (B) for purposes of focusing the tool cutting edge are connected to the image processing computer.
and Z axes directions and a servomotor to rotate the tool holder about the axis of rotation (B) for purposes of focusing the tool cutting edge are connected to the image processing computer.
7. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that the coordinate carriages are manually adjustable independently of the servomotors.
8. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that safety means are present in the image processing computer which first switch ON the operational program of automated tool measurement after he tool cutting-edge has been imaged in focus by means of the adjusting device associated with the tool holder.
9. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that an automation switch (28) is provided to initiate the operational program, beginning with the focusing of the tool cutting-edge.
10. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that it can be integrated into extant adjustment instruments.
11. Apparatus defined in one of the above claims, characterized in that it can be integrated in the form of a sub-assembly into a machine-tool or an erosion machine to measure clamped tools.
12. A method to adjust a tool on an adjusting device using the apparatus defined in one of the above claims 2 through 9, characterized in that the coordinate carriages are adjusted to the tool cutting-edge reference position displayed by the digital counter, in that thereupon the tool cutting-edge is focused on the monitor and is manually adjusted in such a way that its distance from the crosshairs axes in the X
or Z directions approaches null, and in that by actuating the automation switch to carry out the automated measurement and ensuing manual readjustment of the tool cutting-edge, the above steps shall be repeated until nulling is indicated by the LED displays for the particular X or Z axis.
or Z directions approaches null, and in that by actuating the automation switch to carry out the automated measurement and ensuing manual readjustment of the tool cutting-edge, the above steps shall be repeated until nulling is indicated by the LED displays for the particular X or Z axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4120746A DE4120746A1 (en) | 1991-06-24 | 1991-06-24 | AUTOMATIC TOOL MEASUREMENT |
| DEP4120746.7 | 1991-06-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2071764A1 true CA2071764A1 (en) | 1992-12-25 |
Family
ID=6434584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002071764A Abandoned CA2071764A1 (en) | 1991-06-24 | 1992-06-22 | Automated tool measurement |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0520396B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05200654A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930000933A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE153782T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2071764A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4120746A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW198699B (en) |
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| CN115502840A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-12-23 | 青岛高测科技股份有限公司 | Feeding control method and system for grinding machine, computer equipment and medium |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5969248A (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1984-04-19 | Okuma Mach Works Ltd | Apparatus for measuring and correcting automatically tool diameter |
| JPS60189517A (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1985-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Position controller |
| DE3743717A1 (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1989-07-06 | Alfred Dipl Ing Spitzley | Optoelectronic measuring apparatus for the automatic measurement of the position of the tool cutting edge using commercially available tool-presetting equipment |
-
1991
- 1991-06-24 DE DE4120746A patent/DE4120746A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-06-22 CA CA002071764A patent/CA2071764A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-24 EP EP92110612A patent/EP0520396B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-06-24 JP JP4190043A patent/JPH05200654A/en active Pending
- 1992-06-24 DE DE59208532T patent/DE59208532D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-24 AT AT92110612T patent/ATE153782T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-24 KR KR1019920010990A patent/KR930000933A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-06-24 TW TW081104964A patent/TW198699B/zh active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITBO20120221A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-21 | Marposs Spa | METHOD FOR POSITIONING A TOOL OF A MACHINE TOOL IN THE VISUAL FIELD OF A VISION AND RELATED MACHINE SYSTEM |
| WO2013156575A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-24 | Marposs Societa' Per Azioni | Method for positioning a tool of a machine tool in the visual field of a visual system and relative machine tool |
| EP2846206A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-11 | Nakamura-Tome Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Device and method for automatically setting tool offset value of machine tool |
| TWI630964B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2018-08-01 | Automatic setting device and automatic setting method of tool offset value of machine tool | |
| EP3021183A1 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-18 | Nakamura-Tome Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Method and device for automatically setting tool correction value of machine tool |
| WO2020245729A1 (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-10 | Watch Out Sa | Machining module and machine tool with a unit for detecting the profile of the tool, and method for detecting the profile of the tool |
| RU2783417C1 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-11-14 | Лди Финанс | Machining module and a machine system with a device for determining the profile of the tool, and a method for determining the profile of the tool |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR930000933A (en) | 1993-01-16 |
| EP0520396A1 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
| ATE153782T1 (en) | 1997-06-15 |
| DE4120746A1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
| EP0520396B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| JPH05200654A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| DE59208532D1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
| TW198699B (en) | 1993-01-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |