CA2065358A1 - Method and apparatus for use in the manufacture of hollow glass objects - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for use in the manufacture of hollow glass objectsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2065358A1 CA2065358A1 CA 2065358 CA2065358A CA2065358A1 CA 2065358 A1 CA2065358 A1 CA 2065358A1 CA 2065358 CA2065358 CA 2065358 CA 2065358 A CA2065358 A CA 2065358A CA 2065358 A1 CA2065358 A1 CA 2065358A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bottle
- cooling
- mould
- carbon dioxide
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
- C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
- C03B9/38—Means for cooling, heating, or insulating glass-blowing machines or for cooling the glass moulded by the machine
- C03B9/3841—Details thereof relating to direct cooling, heating or insulating of the moulded glass
- C03B9/385—Details thereof relating to direct cooling, heating or insulating of the moulded glass using a tube for cooling or heating the inside, e.g. blowheads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
- C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
- C03B9/44—Means for discharging combined with glass-blowing machines, e.g. take-outs
- C03B9/447—Means for the removal of glass articles from the blow-mould, e.g. take-outs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method in the manufacture of hollow glass objects, such as bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrangement.
According to the method, each object (8) is cooled externally and internally with the aid of a cooling fluid, subsequent to removing the object from the mould (5) and prior to placing the object for transportation to a cooling chamber or the like. The object is cooled internally by introducing a condensed gas, such as condensed carbon dioxide or condensed nitrogen, into the cavity of the object (8). The condensed gas vapourizes in the cavity while cooling the glass. The invention also relates to apparatus for carrying out the method.
According to the method, each object (8) is cooled externally and internally with the aid of a cooling fluid, subsequent to removing the object from the mould (5) and prior to placing the object for transportation to a cooling chamber or the like. The object is cooled internally by introducing a condensed gas, such as condensed carbon dioxide or condensed nitrogen, into the cavity of the object (8). The condensed gas vapourizes in the cavity while cooling the glass. The invention also relates to apparatus for carrying out the method.
Description
W091/03430 ~ 58 Pcr/sE9o/oo5~l .
A~ DqL~o~ u~ for Use in the ~anu~acture of Hollow_~lg8~ nbi~cts The present invention relates to a method in the manu-facture of hollow glass objects, such as glass bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrange ment, in which subsequent to being removed from the mould, but prior to being placed in position for trans-portation to a cooling chamber or the like, each abject lo is cooled, both externally and internally, with the aid of a fluid coolant. The invention also relates to ap-paratus for use when carrying out the method.
The manufacture of, for instance, glass bottles is typically effected in two stages, the neck of the bottle being formed in the first stage and the final bottle shape being achieved in the second stage, by .
blowing in a two-part mould. The bottle is removed from the mould with the aid of ~n arm-carried gripping de-vice which grips around the neck of the bottle, so that the bottle hangs vertically from said arm.
The U.S. Patent No. 4 553 9~9, which is assigned to -applicant in the present case, teaches a method and apparatus in which a glass bottle is formed and then cooled with the use of cryogen gas while the bottle is still located in the finishing mould.
In the manufacture of glass bottles in so-called IS-machines, the finished bottle is lifted from the mould and suspended for some seconds above an upwardly strea-ming air flow, so as to cool the bottle externally, and particularly so as to stabli~e the bottom of the bottle prior to placiny the bottle onto a conveyor belt for transportation to a cooling chamber. The temperature of -; ~ , , '~ ' :
,: :~: , . . - , . : :
-' . - ~ : `. :
W091/0~30 PCT/SE90/(iOS3l the molten glass during bottle manufacture i5 about 1100-1200C , and it is necessary to cool the formed bottle to a temperature of about 600C before it can be placed on the conveyor belt. If the bot~le is not cool-ed down to this temperature, there is a risk that thebottle will be deformed, and particularly that the lower part of the bottle will become crooked or warped in relation to the remainder o~ the bottle. Since the glass is thickest at the bottom of the bottle, it is necessary to cool the bottom of the bottle very effec-tively. This is achieved externally with the aid of the aforesaid upwardly moving airflow. It is necessary to adapt the production rate of the machine concerned so that requisite cooling can be achieved prior to placing the bottle in position for further transportation.
EP-A2-0 071 825 describes a glass bottle manufacturing machine, in which the glass bottles are cooled inter-nally to some extent with the aid of air or or some other gas. According to the descriptive part of this prior specification, air is sprayed into the bottle th-rough a nozzle positioned above the mouth of the bott-le. This method, however, cannot result in effective ~;~
cooling of the bottle, particularly the bottom of the bottle, since the temperature of the air u~ed is thesame as ambient temperature and since the air is passed freely ~hrough the same narrow opening as that through which the return air exits. I~ should be noted that the pressure under which the air can be sprayed into the bottle is limited by the risk of further blowing the bottl~ and the ri~k of deforming the readily de-for-mable bottle.
A primary object of the present invention is to provid~
a method by means of which the interior of a bottle and . : : , . . - ., the bottom of said bottle can be~ cooled much more effectively than was hitherto the case, without ris~ of deforming the bottom of the bottle. This will enable the production rate to be increased andtor the quality of the finished product to be improved.
Another object is to provide apparatus for use when carrying out the method.
The present invention is based on the realization that the interior of a bottle and the bottom thereof can be cooled by introducing a liquefied gas into the interior of the hollow glass object, where the liquefied gas vapourizes while taking-up heat from the glass. The gas used must be chosen so that the pressure within the bottle or object will not increase to any appreciable extent. Furthermore, the gas will preferably have a high thermal capacity, so that a small volume af gas will provide effective cooling of the object.
In accordance with the invention, a method in the manu-facture of hollow glass objects, such as glass bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrange-ment, in which each object is cooled with the aid of a fluid both externally and internally subsequent to removing said object from the mould and prior to trans-portation of said object to a cooling chamber or the like, which fulfills the aforesaid requirements is par-ticularly characterized by introducing into the cavity of said object a condensed gas, such as condensed car-bon dioxide or condensed nitrogen, and permitting said condensed gas to vapourize while cooling internally the glass of said object.
Preferably, the fluid coolant used is liquid carbon dioxide, of which at least a part first converts to a _; _. ,. ._ . _ ~ _ . j _ _ _ .
;: :: . : .: :.
solid state and then vapourizes, and that the carbon dioxide is sprayed through a pro~e which is configured with at least one fluid passageway and which is intro-duced into the hollow of the glass object to a depth such as to achieve internal cooli.ng of the bottom part : - ~ : , . . ...
J ~
WO 91/03430 PCr/SE90/00;31 ~ .
of said object. To achieve the best cooling effect, the carbon dioxide is sprayed in mutually different direc-tions over the bottom of the object.
The use of carbon dioxide is highly beneficial, -ince it can be introduced, for instance, at a pressure of about 15 bars, which signifies a temperature of about -40 C. When the condensed carbon dioxide is sprayed into the bottle, in which atmospheric pressure prevails, the solid phase obtained, i.e. carbon-dioxide snow, has a lower temperature of about -76 C, which affords an effective cooling action, since the amount of energy required to vapourize the carbon-dioxide snow is very high per unit of weight.
In accordance with one preferred embodiment of the inven-tive method, the probe is inserted into the cavity of said object while moving the object from the mould to a position in which external cooling of the bottom of the object takes place, therewith to increase the production rate.
The particular characteric features of apparatus for use when carrying out the method axe set forth in the following apparatus Claims.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 illustrates schematically the two first stages of a conventional bottle manufacturing process.
Figure 2 illustrates schematically the inventive ap-paratus for cooling a bottle manufactured in accordance with ~igure 1, with the aid of a liquid carbon dioxide .
. . .
'.'~' ~ ' : '~; . ' ' .
WO()l/0~30 ~f,S~ PCr/SE~0/005~l coolant.
Figure 3 illustrates in larger sc:ale a probe included in the apparatus of Figure 2.
5 In Figure 1, the reference numeral 1 identifies a bot-tle blank moulded from molten glass in~roduced into a first mould. The bottle blank 1 is formed in an upsiae-down position and is held firmly by its neck, even when the mould (not shown) has been removedO The bottle 10 blank 1 is transferred to a separatable finishing mould 5, with the aid of an arm 4 pivotally mounted on a pivot shaft 3. The bottle blank is blown to its final bottle form in the finishing mould. The finishing mould is then opened and the bottle is gripped around its 15 neck and transferred to a cooling chamber, where the bottle is cooled.
In accordance with the invention, apparatus according to Figure 2 is used for transferring the finished bot 20 tle from the mould 5 to the cooling chamber (not shown). The illustrated apparatus comprises a box 6 which, among other things, supports gripping means 7 for coaction with a finished bottIe 8. The box 6 also carries a probe g which can be inserted down into a ?
25 bottle gripped by the gripping means 7. ~he probe 9 is connected to a flexible, low-temperature hose 10 so as - to permit the requisite vertical movement of the probe.
The end of the hose 10 distal from the probe 9 is con-nected to an insulated supply hose 11 which leads from 30 a carbon-dioxide container 12 and which is also flex-ible so as to permit the box 6 to move.
The box 6 is carried by an arm 14 which is pivotally mounted on a piv~t ~haft 13 and which is operative to 35 move the box 6 between a collecting positlon and a i -::. . : ; , . . .
,: i, . , ~ . ~ ~ , . . . .
`," ' : ' , ' ' . ' ' ' `
W O 91/03430 PC~l/S~90/00531 5~3 cooling and laying-off position.
The illustrated embodiment of apparatus for trans-ferring and cooling a bottle ope~.ates in the following manner. When a bottle 8 has been blown to its final form in the finishing mould 5, the box 6 is lowered towards the bottle, so that the gripping means 7 are able to grip around the neck of the bottle. At the s~,;;e time, the probe 9 is lowered comparatively deeply into the bottle 8. A valve (not shown) is then opened, so that liquid carbon dioxide will flow from the container 1~ into the interior of the bottle, ~hrough the probe 9, at the same time as the bottle is being transferred by means of the arm 4 to the laying-off position shown in full lines in Figure ~, in which position the bottle 8 hangs above a nozzle means 15 which functions to blow cooling air onto the outer surfaces of the bottom of the bottle. The bottle is held in this position:for some saconds, whereafter the bottle 8 is moved, e.g.
with the aid of a pusher 16, to a conveyor belt 17 which transports the bottle ~o a cooling chamber (not shown).
As will be seen from the enlarged view of Figure 3, the probe 9 of the illustrated embodiment includes four separate passageways, suita~ly in the form of separate pipes 18 of small dimensions in order to maintain a low outlet pressure and therewith avoid blowing the bottle to a larger sixe and deforming the bottle. The lower parts of the pipes 18 are bent outwards, so as to a-chieve effective spreading of the carbon dioxide over the bottom of the bottle.
As mentioned in the aforegoing, the use of carbon - , .-~ . ~ ,. .
1. ~ . . .
.~............ . . .
.
, WO 91/03430 PCr/SE:~0/1)0~.31 - ~?~ 35~3 dioxide as a coolant is highly advantageous, since carbon dioxide can be introduced at relatively low temperatures at a manageable press,ure, and also since when carbon dioxide is sprayed int,o the bottle in which atmospheric pressure prevails, part of the carbon dioxide will convert to carbon-diox.ide snow which has a lower temperature than the carbon dioxide supplied.
Consequently, there is obtained in the bottle interior a temperature which is lower than the temperature for which the conduits and components used to supply carbon dioxide to the bottle need to be adapted, this lower temperature providing more effective cooling of the bottle interior.
By way of example, it can be mentioned that liquid carbon dioxide can be supplied at a temperature of about -40 C and a pressure of 15 bars. Conversion of the liquid carbon dioxide to carbon dioxide snow:, or dry ice, inside the bottle lowers the temperature ~o about -76C, which results in highly effective cooling of the bottle interior. Carbon dioxide snow also has a very high thermal capacity and it can be mentioned by way of example that 199 kJ are consumed when fuming-off 1 kg of liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure, where-as 573 kJ are consumed when fuming-off 1 kg of carbon dioxide snow. In addition to the aforesaid technical advantages, the use of carbon dioxide also affords considerable advantages from a cost aspect.
When using a probe of the illustrated configuration wi~h the outlet orifices of the probe positioned at an appropriate distance from the bottom of the bottle, the carbon dioxide ~now that forms within the bottle will be vapourized and depart in vapour or gas form before ~5 it reaches the bottom oP the bottle. The increase in . .
;,',,. :.'.', ' '' . ' ' ` '' ,:. i. .. . ~ ,. . .
.
W09l/0~30 PC1/SE90tO0~3l Z~ L ' r,3 pressure in the bottle wl.ll be extremely moderate, will not exceed about 0.02 b: , and consequently there ls no risk of the bottle being deformed.
In trials in which the aforedescribed method was ap-plied, carbon dioxide was introduced into a bottle for a period of about 4 seconds. It was found that the temperature of the bottom of the bottle was lowered additionally by about 30C, which was highly advan-tageous, since hardening of the glass mass, and there-with the stability o~ the bottle, increases rapidly with lowered temperatures within the range of interest.
This enables the production rate and/or the bottle quality to be further improved. A contributory factory in this regard is that the interior of the bottle can be cooled while moving the bottle from the finishing mould 5 to the laying-off position, thereby affording an additional cooling time of about 4 seconds. The fact that internal cooling of the bo~le commences prior to the bottle reaching the laying-off position enabl2s the bottle to be hung above the nozzles for external cool-ing of the bottom o~ the bottle for a shorter period than normal.
In the aforegoing, the invention has been described with reference to the exemplifying embodiment illus-trated in the drawing, where carbon dioxide is used as the cooling agent. Cooling can also be effected advan-tageously with other cryogen gases, such as condensed nitro~en, while obtaining several of the aforementioned advantages. Other variations and modifications can also be made within the scope of the following Claims. For example, the means for gripping and moving the bottle may have a form different to that shown, as can also the means by which condensed gas is supplied to the ~, .: , . . .
:
:' ' ~: '' .' ' ' ~: ' ' ~ ' ' .
~ ' ', . ' : -
A~ DqL~o~ u~ for Use in the ~anu~acture of Hollow_~lg8~ nbi~cts The present invention relates to a method in the manu-facture of hollow glass objects, such as glass bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrange ment, in which subsequent to being removed from the mould, but prior to being placed in position for trans-portation to a cooling chamber or the like, each abject lo is cooled, both externally and internally, with the aid of a fluid coolant. The invention also relates to ap-paratus for use when carrying out the method.
The manufacture of, for instance, glass bottles is typically effected in two stages, the neck of the bottle being formed in the first stage and the final bottle shape being achieved in the second stage, by .
blowing in a two-part mould. The bottle is removed from the mould with the aid of ~n arm-carried gripping de-vice which grips around the neck of the bottle, so that the bottle hangs vertically from said arm.
The U.S. Patent No. 4 553 9~9, which is assigned to -applicant in the present case, teaches a method and apparatus in which a glass bottle is formed and then cooled with the use of cryogen gas while the bottle is still located in the finishing mould.
In the manufacture of glass bottles in so-called IS-machines, the finished bottle is lifted from the mould and suspended for some seconds above an upwardly strea-ming air flow, so as to cool the bottle externally, and particularly so as to stabli~e the bottom of the bottle prior to placiny the bottle onto a conveyor belt for transportation to a cooling chamber. The temperature of -; ~ , , '~ ' :
,: :~: , . . - , . : :
-' . - ~ : `. :
W091/0~30 PCT/SE90/(iOS3l the molten glass during bottle manufacture i5 about 1100-1200C , and it is necessary to cool the formed bottle to a temperature of about 600C before it can be placed on the conveyor belt. If the bot~le is not cool-ed down to this temperature, there is a risk that thebottle will be deformed, and particularly that the lower part of the bottle will become crooked or warped in relation to the remainder o~ the bottle. Since the glass is thickest at the bottom of the bottle, it is necessary to cool the bottom of the bottle very effec-tively. This is achieved externally with the aid of the aforesaid upwardly moving airflow. It is necessary to adapt the production rate of the machine concerned so that requisite cooling can be achieved prior to placing the bottle in position for further transportation.
EP-A2-0 071 825 describes a glass bottle manufacturing machine, in which the glass bottles are cooled inter-nally to some extent with the aid of air or or some other gas. According to the descriptive part of this prior specification, air is sprayed into the bottle th-rough a nozzle positioned above the mouth of the bott-le. This method, however, cannot result in effective ~;~
cooling of the bottle, particularly the bottom of the bottle, since the temperature of the air u~ed is thesame as ambient temperature and since the air is passed freely ~hrough the same narrow opening as that through which the return air exits. I~ should be noted that the pressure under which the air can be sprayed into the bottle is limited by the risk of further blowing the bottl~ and the ri~k of deforming the readily de-for-mable bottle.
A primary object of the present invention is to provid~
a method by means of which the interior of a bottle and . : : , . . - ., the bottom of said bottle can be~ cooled much more effectively than was hitherto the case, without ris~ of deforming the bottom of the bottle. This will enable the production rate to be increased andtor the quality of the finished product to be improved.
Another object is to provide apparatus for use when carrying out the method.
The present invention is based on the realization that the interior of a bottle and the bottom thereof can be cooled by introducing a liquefied gas into the interior of the hollow glass object, where the liquefied gas vapourizes while taking-up heat from the glass. The gas used must be chosen so that the pressure within the bottle or object will not increase to any appreciable extent. Furthermore, the gas will preferably have a high thermal capacity, so that a small volume af gas will provide effective cooling of the object.
In accordance with the invention, a method in the manu-facture of hollow glass objects, such as glass bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrange-ment, in which each object is cooled with the aid of a fluid both externally and internally subsequent to removing said object from the mould and prior to trans-portation of said object to a cooling chamber or the like, which fulfills the aforesaid requirements is par-ticularly characterized by introducing into the cavity of said object a condensed gas, such as condensed car-bon dioxide or condensed nitrogen, and permitting said condensed gas to vapourize while cooling internally the glass of said object.
Preferably, the fluid coolant used is liquid carbon dioxide, of which at least a part first converts to a _; _. ,. ._ . _ ~ _ . j _ _ _ .
;: :: . : .: :.
solid state and then vapourizes, and that the carbon dioxide is sprayed through a pro~e which is configured with at least one fluid passageway and which is intro-duced into the hollow of the glass object to a depth such as to achieve internal cooli.ng of the bottom part : - ~ : , . . ...
J ~
WO 91/03430 PCr/SE90/00;31 ~ .
of said object. To achieve the best cooling effect, the carbon dioxide is sprayed in mutually different direc-tions over the bottom of the object.
The use of carbon dioxide is highly beneficial, -ince it can be introduced, for instance, at a pressure of about 15 bars, which signifies a temperature of about -40 C. When the condensed carbon dioxide is sprayed into the bottle, in which atmospheric pressure prevails, the solid phase obtained, i.e. carbon-dioxide snow, has a lower temperature of about -76 C, which affords an effective cooling action, since the amount of energy required to vapourize the carbon-dioxide snow is very high per unit of weight.
In accordance with one preferred embodiment of the inven-tive method, the probe is inserted into the cavity of said object while moving the object from the mould to a position in which external cooling of the bottom of the object takes place, therewith to increase the production rate.
The particular characteric features of apparatus for use when carrying out the method axe set forth in the following apparatus Claims.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 illustrates schematically the two first stages of a conventional bottle manufacturing process.
Figure 2 illustrates schematically the inventive ap-paratus for cooling a bottle manufactured in accordance with ~igure 1, with the aid of a liquid carbon dioxide .
. . .
'.'~' ~ ' : '~; . ' ' .
WO()l/0~30 ~f,S~ PCr/SE~0/005~l coolant.
Figure 3 illustrates in larger sc:ale a probe included in the apparatus of Figure 2.
5 In Figure 1, the reference numeral 1 identifies a bot-tle blank moulded from molten glass in~roduced into a first mould. The bottle blank 1 is formed in an upsiae-down position and is held firmly by its neck, even when the mould (not shown) has been removedO The bottle 10 blank 1 is transferred to a separatable finishing mould 5, with the aid of an arm 4 pivotally mounted on a pivot shaft 3. The bottle blank is blown to its final bottle form in the finishing mould. The finishing mould is then opened and the bottle is gripped around its 15 neck and transferred to a cooling chamber, where the bottle is cooled.
In accordance with the invention, apparatus according to Figure 2 is used for transferring the finished bot 20 tle from the mould 5 to the cooling chamber (not shown). The illustrated apparatus comprises a box 6 which, among other things, supports gripping means 7 for coaction with a finished bottIe 8. The box 6 also carries a probe g which can be inserted down into a ?
25 bottle gripped by the gripping means 7. ~he probe 9 is connected to a flexible, low-temperature hose 10 so as - to permit the requisite vertical movement of the probe.
The end of the hose 10 distal from the probe 9 is con-nected to an insulated supply hose 11 which leads from 30 a carbon-dioxide container 12 and which is also flex-ible so as to permit the box 6 to move.
The box 6 is carried by an arm 14 which is pivotally mounted on a piv~t ~haft 13 and which is operative to 35 move the box 6 between a collecting positlon and a i -::. . : ; , . . .
,: i, . , ~ . ~ ~ , . . . .
`," ' : ' , ' ' . ' ' ' `
W O 91/03430 PC~l/S~90/00531 5~3 cooling and laying-off position.
The illustrated embodiment of apparatus for trans-ferring and cooling a bottle ope~.ates in the following manner. When a bottle 8 has been blown to its final form in the finishing mould 5, the box 6 is lowered towards the bottle, so that the gripping means 7 are able to grip around the neck of the bottle. At the s~,;;e time, the probe 9 is lowered comparatively deeply into the bottle 8. A valve (not shown) is then opened, so that liquid carbon dioxide will flow from the container 1~ into the interior of the bottle, ~hrough the probe 9, at the same time as the bottle is being transferred by means of the arm 4 to the laying-off position shown in full lines in Figure ~, in which position the bottle 8 hangs above a nozzle means 15 which functions to blow cooling air onto the outer surfaces of the bottom of the bottle. The bottle is held in this position:for some saconds, whereafter the bottle 8 is moved, e.g.
with the aid of a pusher 16, to a conveyor belt 17 which transports the bottle ~o a cooling chamber (not shown).
As will be seen from the enlarged view of Figure 3, the probe 9 of the illustrated embodiment includes four separate passageways, suita~ly in the form of separate pipes 18 of small dimensions in order to maintain a low outlet pressure and therewith avoid blowing the bottle to a larger sixe and deforming the bottle. The lower parts of the pipes 18 are bent outwards, so as to a-chieve effective spreading of the carbon dioxide over the bottom of the bottle.
As mentioned in the aforegoing, the use of carbon - , .-~ . ~ ,. .
1. ~ . . .
.~............ . . .
.
, WO 91/03430 PCr/SE:~0/1)0~.31 - ~?~ 35~3 dioxide as a coolant is highly advantageous, since carbon dioxide can be introduced at relatively low temperatures at a manageable press,ure, and also since when carbon dioxide is sprayed int,o the bottle in which atmospheric pressure prevails, part of the carbon dioxide will convert to carbon-diox.ide snow which has a lower temperature than the carbon dioxide supplied.
Consequently, there is obtained in the bottle interior a temperature which is lower than the temperature for which the conduits and components used to supply carbon dioxide to the bottle need to be adapted, this lower temperature providing more effective cooling of the bottle interior.
By way of example, it can be mentioned that liquid carbon dioxide can be supplied at a temperature of about -40 C and a pressure of 15 bars. Conversion of the liquid carbon dioxide to carbon dioxide snow:, or dry ice, inside the bottle lowers the temperature ~o about -76C, which results in highly effective cooling of the bottle interior. Carbon dioxide snow also has a very high thermal capacity and it can be mentioned by way of example that 199 kJ are consumed when fuming-off 1 kg of liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure, where-as 573 kJ are consumed when fuming-off 1 kg of carbon dioxide snow. In addition to the aforesaid technical advantages, the use of carbon dioxide also affords considerable advantages from a cost aspect.
When using a probe of the illustrated configuration wi~h the outlet orifices of the probe positioned at an appropriate distance from the bottom of the bottle, the carbon dioxide ~now that forms within the bottle will be vapourized and depart in vapour or gas form before ~5 it reaches the bottom oP the bottle. The increase in . .
;,',,. :.'.', ' '' . ' ' ` '' ,:. i. .. . ~ ,. . .
.
W09l/0~30 PC1/SE90tO0~3l Z~ L ' r,3 pressure in the bottle wl.ll be extremely moderate, will not exceed about 0.02 b: , and consequently there ls no risk of the bottle being deformed.
In trials in which the aforedescribed method was ap-plied, carbon dioxide was introduced into a bottle for a period of about 4 seconds. It was found that the temperature of the bottom of the bottle was lowered additionally by about 30C, which was highly advan-tageous, since hardening of the glass mass, and there-with the stability o~ the bottle, increases rapidly with lowered temperatures within the range of interest.
This enables the production rate and/or the bottle quality to be further improved. A contributory factory in this regard is that the interior of the bottle can be cooled while moving the bottle from the finishing mould 5 to the laying-off position, thereby affording an additional cooling time of about 4 seconds. The fact that internal cooling of the bo~le commences prior to the bottle reaching the laying-off position enabl2s the bottle to be hung above the nozzles for external cool-ing of the bottom o~ the bottle for a shorter period than normal.
In the aforegoing, the invention has been described with reference to the exemplifying embodiment illus-trated in the drawing, where carbon dioxide is used as the cooling agent. Cooling can also be effected advan-tageously with other cryogen gases, such as condensed nitro~en, while obtaining several of the aforementioned advantages. Other variations and modifications can also be made within the scope of the following Claims. For example, the means for gripping and moving the bottle may have a form different to that shown, as can also the means by which condensed gas is supplied to the ~, .: , . . .
:
:' ' ~: '' .' ' ' ~: ' ' ~ ' ' .
~ ' ', . ' : -
Claims (9)
1. A method in the manufacture of hollow glass ob-jects, such as glass bottles and jars, with the aid of at least one mould arrangement (5), in which each ob-ject (8) is cooled with the aid of a fluid both exter-nally and internally subsequent to removing said object (8) from the mould (5) and prior to transportation of said object to a cooling chamber or the like, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by introducing into the cavity of said object (8) a condensed gas, such as condensed carbon dioxide or condensed nitrogen, and permitting said condensed gas to vapourize while cool-ing internally the glass of said object (8).
2. A method according to Claim 1, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d by using liquid carbon dioxide as the cooling fluid, of which at least a part first converts to a solid state and then to a gaseous state; and by injecting the carbon dioxide into said cavity through a probe (g) which is configured with at least one fluid passageway, said probe being introduced into said cav-ity to a depth such as to primarily achieve internal cooling of the bottom of said object (8).
3. A method according to Claim 2, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d by injecting carbon dioxide through a plurality of small openings directed in mutually dif-ferent directions over the bottom of the object (8) .
4. A method according to Claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d by introducing the probe (9) into the cavity of said object (8) while moving the object from the mould (5) to a position in which external cooling of the bottom of said object takes place.
5. Apparatus for use when manufacturing hollow glass objects, such as glass bottles and jars, comprising at least one mould arrangement (5) for the objects inten-ded, said apparatus further including means (9-12; 15) for cooling each object (8) both externally and inter-nally with the aid of a fluid subsequent to removing said object from the mould but prior to transportation of said object to a cooling chamber or the like, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the internal cooling means include devices (9-12) for introducing a conden-sed gas, such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen, into the cavity of the object (8), where the condensed gas va-pourizes while cooling the glass.
6. Apparatus according to Claim 5, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d by a probe (9) which incorporates at least one fluid passageway and which is intended to be inserted into the cavity of said object to a depth such as to primarily achieve internal cooling of the bottom of the object (8).
7. Apparatus according to Claim 6, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d in that the probe includes a plurality of fluid passageways (18), the outlet orifices of which face in mutually different directions over the bottom of the object (8).
8. Apparatus according to Claim 7, c h a r a c -t e r i z e d in that the outlet orifices of said passageways exhibit a small throughflow area.
9. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 6-8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by means for introducing the probe (9) into the cavity of said object while moving the object (8) from the mould (5) to a position in which external cooling of the bottom of the object takes place.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8902891A SE464472B (en) | 1989-08-31 | 1989-08-31 | SET AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF HIGHLY GLASS PRODUCTS |
| SE8902891-4 | 1989-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2065358A1 true CA2065358A1 (en) | 1991-03-01 |
Family
ID=20376785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2065358 Abandoned CA2065358A1 (en) | 1989-08-31 | 1990-08-16 | Method and apparatus for use in the manufacture of hollow glass objects |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0489801A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04507232A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9007625A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2065358A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE464472B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991003430A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9403560D0 (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1994-04-13 | Emhart Glass Mach Invest | Piping arrangement |
| DE19610928C2 (en) * | 1996-03-20 | 1999-09-23 | Oberland Glas | Method and gripping device for converting glass articles from finished forms of a glass machine to a cooling device |
| DE19706014A1 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-08-13 | Heiko Prof Dr Hessenkemper | Process for increasing the viscosity of hollow glass body melts for the purpose of more effective cooling |
| DE19843807C2 (en) * | 1998-09-24 | 2002-06-27 | Tettauer Glashuettenwerke Ag | Process for making hollow blown glass articles |
| DE19959506A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-21 | Messer Technogas S R O | Process for the production of a vitreous body |
| CA2859556C (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2022-01-11 | Braskem S.A. | Modified microorganisms and methods of making butadiene using same |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929442A (en) * | 1974-05-07 | 1975-12-30 | Ppg Industries Inc | Tempering glass sheets by heat of sublimation |
| SE407179B (en) * | 1977-01-25 | 1979-03-19 | Aga Ab | DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC CONTAINERS BY INFLATION BY GASES, OF WHICH ATMINSTONE IS DEEP COLD |
-
1989
- 1989-08-31 SE SE8902891A patent/SE464472B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-08-16 JP JP51182690A patent/JPH04507232A/en active Pending
- 1990-08-16 BR BR909007625A patent/BR9007625A/en unknown
- 1990-08-16 EP EP19900913019 patent/EP0489801A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-08-16 WO PCT/SE1990/000531 patent/WO1991003430A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-16 CA CA 2065358 patent/CA2065358A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0489801A1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| BR9007625A (en) | 1992-07-07 |
| SE8902891L (en) | 1991-03-01 |
| SE464472B (en) | 1991-04-29 |
| WO1991003430A1 (en) | 1991-03-21 |
| JPH04507232A (en) | 1992-12-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |