CA2050383A1 - Power line telecommunication method and system using a very slow modulation of the electrical parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

- i SUMMARY (#) Original, simple, inexpensive system for mass production, very reliable and incorporating advanced electronic technology. (#) It is a unidirectional communication system by carrier at industrial frequency. The message is transmitted serially by binary amplitude modulation at very low frequency. (#) This upstream message is generated by an encoder at all levels of the electrical network. (#) Downstream, the decoder devices perceive by addressing codes allowing or inhibiting the energization of large loads. By way of example, these loads can be the elements of water heater tanks, dryers, baseboards, the additional signal (SHQ / ENERTEL) for dual-energy furnaces or any other residential, commercial, industrial and even load 'inter-network.

Description

- l -~ 1 ~ 5 ~ 38 ~

(#) THE SYSTEM ~ ME
(#) ~ e basic prillalpe of the system is to modify (modulate) Slightly the amplitude of the ten ~ ion of amon line ~ in order to generate a coc ~ e which ~ will be perceived downstream by a cl ~ encoder. This modulation serfl ~ aite by available ~ ltiP ~ switching die ~ to existing (dis ~ unctors, disconnectors, inductance, field of exci-tation of ~ alternators etc ...). The ~ odulation will be very low ~ e frequency by a very small decrease and / or increase tion of the ampll ~ ude of the line ten ~ ion. (~) Ce3 changes will not be noticeable either in terms of lighting or level of ~ other electrodynamic, electrical and electronic ~. A binary variation of 0% and 1 ~ of the line ten ~ ion will be used.
(#) The boss generated by this ~ change ~ in amplitude ~ very ~
low frequency will be used to compo ~ er the message code- This sys-tame e ~ t compo ~ é dè two part ~; the encoder that will take care of modulate the amplitude ~ according to a sequence which will generate the code desire and the decoder which interprets ~ has the ~ my ~ age ~ tran ~ miq by the encoder. In addition, the encoder will manage an anointing of random for plugging and unplugging loads (#) ~ anointing of d ~ le ~ ta ~ e by random period has ~ spent a deadline basic).

~) LA M ~ 'r ~ OD ~

LNCODER FUNCTION
~ $) The magnitude of the line voltage is changed by ~
disturbance caused by the connection and disconnection of d ~ fférentes chargeR; do not confuse the change in voltage caused by the encoder with this one caused by charges (disturbances). The message must therefore be the shortest po ~ if-corn. The modulation must be produced by w ~ electromechanical means conventional, electrical or electronic. The time between the ~ change-amplitude elements should be long enough for the temple to switching (voltage change) ~ negligible.
~ outeois, the communication being one-way, it will require retransmission of the message a few times.
In such a way, all the decoders will have received the same without fault. The time interval between each petition from ~

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mes ~ age ~ must be greater ~ ~ rand than the value ma ~ timum of the delay al ~ atoL ~ e de commuta ~ ion. Cecl will allow the line tenelon to be more ~ table, the loads ~ having all been connected or disconnected ~.

The encoding of the bitfi message is done by measuring the duration between two amplitude changes. So we will finish a lap ~
which will be called "US1" (Unit ~ ymbol ~ ime). Currently a "UST" repxed ~ in ~ e 0.5 second. The normal state of llgne re-presents the state ~ upérieur and a fall of 1 ~ of the ten ~ ion of line represents ~ ente the lower state. The time between me and the transition from a higher state to a lower state or from a state lower than a higher state. The ~ symbolæ ("O", '~ "EOF" and "EOP") ~ will be represented ~ by ~ the number of "UST" ~ next:

"1" ~ 1 UST
~ O ~ G 2 UST
"EO ~" ~ 3 UST (End of field) "EOP" ~ 4 us ~ r (End of packet) (Communica principle ~ on ~ érielle à ~ réquence ~ ~ lifted ~ known having been modlfié considerably for leq exlgences of our method.) The bits are trarl ~ mi ~ seriously starting with the least ~ igni ~ icatif and ending with a parity it. The duration minimum of an 8 bit ~ era mesfiage of 9 UST (11111111 P = l).
The maximum duration of an 8 bit message ~ ~ era of 17 UST (00000000 P ~ l). We will therefore have a variable duration of 4.5 at 8 ~ 5 seconds in our case. ((#) communication ~ re ~ slow with carrier ~ industrial frequency) ... ...

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2 (~ 5 ~ 383 In the figures:
Figure 1 is an example of a sign message, Figure 2 is a block diagram of a frequency technique modulation, Figure 3 is a block diagram of an amplitude technique modulation, Figure 4 is a diagram of a decoder, Figure 5 is a diagram of an encoder, Figure ~ is an operating procedure for an encoder, and Figure 7 is a procedure for operating a decoder.

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messAge example ~
S = Normal (~ la pe ~ turbatlon) I ~ 1% drop in line voltage caused by the encoder 11001101 Duration l ~ lt2 2 1 1 2 1 (#) note that c ~ lu ~ e and Le re ~ our au nlveau norll) al is done to be quickly in order to perceive well the exact softness of the tran ~ itlon.
(#) When the number of bits to be transmitted is even, the message ends ~ ur an inner state. Another symbol (EOP) may therefore be transmitted to bring line 3 back to its normal level.
(#) For 3rd application needs, an 8-bit code ~ pari-~ é will be used. This will allow 256 possibility ~ self ~ 128 "permi ~ sions ~ and 128 ~ inhibition ~. NOUB POUrriOII9 Ut11iBer only 4 blts for the message ~ the other 4 bits would be a mirror used to validate the message. A longer message with "check ~ um" or other validation methods may also be used. This choice will depend on ~ characteristics of line disruption.
(#) Of these 256 possibilities, some may be reserved for c3roups or all the decoders in the province. The codes remaining will be used for any other type of charge ~ ~ e message "inhibltlon" being the mirror of the me ~ eage "perlllls ~ loll", the number maximum key ~ charge type will be ~ e 12 ~. ~ louteoi ~, we can increase the number of bits and thus, create a number llli-code mite ~.
(#) The encoder ~ era ~ umel ~ to a computer which will decide on the code ~ to transme ~ tre as well as ~ eur interval. The person responsible for executing the commands of ages will be found so devan ~ a man-machine interface convlviale.

(#) The di ~ positiEs detect the ~ change ~ in amplitude, re the time elapsed between this ~ changes, and valid or not valid not a symbol (method already claimed in one of our ~ revets previous). An error of more or less ~ 50 ~ is permlse in decoding of signals. If the duration is longer than the minimum value of a symbol or greater than the maximum value of a ~ ymbole, the me ~ sage is re ~ summer. Similarly, ~ i the variation amplitude is greater than 5 ~, the message will still be re ~ summer. This will avoid validating a mes ~ age cau ~ é by a perturbation other than the me ~ sage generated by the encoder at source level.

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~ a reference value, low on the line voltage, e t constantly readjusting ~ to ~ count: e of ~ varia ~ ons normal ~
of the voltage and to adapt the ~ decoders to the voltages of ] relative line downstream. The adjustment makes a drop of ~ emps a little longer ~ long than the duration of a age. This pre-cau ~ ion a ~ urera that the modulation of amp ~ ude caused by the enco-deur ne pul ~ e modify and discard this reference.
(~) Lo ~ aque the decoder will receive a command to "inhibit", two delays ~ will be initiated. The first ~ al ~ a ~ oire, ~ ervira disconnect the load only after this delay. Of this way, all the loads ~ requested will be disconnected ~ random ~ oorly ~ inside ~ an interval of ~ emps. The second delay will serve to "re-allow" the miee 80U9 ten ~ ion of the charge when it expires. In some cases, it will not ~ ~
necessary to retr ~ nsmit a second message of "permi ~ ion".
(#) It will always be possible to re-initialize this del in sending another "inhibition" command. ~ e same way, this period may be shortened by tran ~ me ~ both an order from "permiseion". Lor ~ of this last order, the delay of re-random connection will be initiated. We will therefore avoid ~ that all ~ charges do not reconnect at the same time.

~ 5 ~? ~ 3 r ~ nc ~ po de ~ ~ a gy ~ m ~ a ~ r la capaclt ~ de ~
g ~ Yat ~ UY ~ IA ch ~ nga ~ l ~ ntem ~ nt and l ~ g ~ rement: de ~ r ~ 5 ~ uence laugh aour ~ s ~ tl .nsl ~ llaque jour dQ ~ ~ rrectlc ~ ns are lentem ~ n'c ~ ap ~ rt ~ e ~
1 ~ Squ ~ n ~ has r ~ U l? Or ~ avolr ~ la ~ ln du ~ ol ~ r le ~ u ~ c ~ mpt ~ A ~ yclee, ~ ol ~ 5,18 ~, 000 for 2 ~ h ~ ure ~.
q ~ out ~ s 1 ~ hl no ~ ~ ync ~ h ~ one ~ ~ have d ~ pendan ~ 3s d ~ c ~
number, lu ~ qelll ~ u ~ ~ xempl ~ l le ~ horlog ~ s ~
~ e ~ gen ~ r ~ e ~ Jr ~ have dbn ~ una pla ~ e da d ~ vl ~ tlon dlt ~: normal , qul pout ~ 'btendr ~. ~ olor ~ rkalre ~ statl ~ tlquefi ~ u ~ au ~ ~ 5 IJæ ~ o par ~ ~ t d. ~ Other d ~ r ~ qu ~ nc ~ nomln ~ ed ~ 60 cy ~ le ~
pa ~ wave, 1 ~ ph ~ name ~ n ~ E ~ eut ~ volr one of ~ e ~ ney ~ nne ~
20 ~ condes. C ~ ekte given ~ according to ~ ~ e ~ responsible ~ of ~ waters nor ~ l'caln ~; ~ st ~ ud ~ cons.l ~ rv ~ 'crlce ~
L ~ ~ yAt ~ me CiE.M. ~. ~ ot ~ p ~ s ~ u ~ lllner a d ~ vlatlon plus ~ nd ~ e ~ ~ h ~ lonn ~ o pour une plus ~ 3 gr ~ n ~ e ~ lo ~ e af ln de tran ~ mettr ~ dea m ~ g ~ rl ~ n ~ e moA-llatlon du sl ~ nal from llyn ~. Aln ~ l a multitudQ of me ~ s ~ * ~ ~ lf ~ r ~ n ~
may: ~ tr ~ lachem ~ u ~ ~ ~ a ~ ul ~ c ~ de l ~ au'crR d ~ n ~ tout the: r ~ water. ~ trlbutlon.
.
b ~ water for ~ a. ~ t ~: o tlec ~: ori ~ ~ t a ~ dlstlnctlon may . e ~ ra ~ ai ~ u ~ nt to type ~ da char ~ e ~; to plscer in mo ~ e ~ nomlqu ~. or no ~ optlml ~ n ~ aln ~ l le ~ gram ~ c de con ~ va1; 1on t ~ '~ n ~ r ~ la ~ `
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Quant, ~ x apparall ~ ~ lectrlqu ~ pe tven ~ 'COU8 8uppo ~ r ro d ~ vlatlon dff. ~ r ~ quenc ~ ~ an ~ ~ r ~ ~ u ~ and ~ d ~ 8 bxis . or i ~ uv ~ i font: tlonn ~ nts.
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t ~ e ~ m ~ .UF ~ e. ~: o ~~ era roughly 2 partlos ~
Un ~ t ~ mB rell ~ Afbr ~ nc ~ fle 1 ~ as ~ cr ~ rlR ~ ement the f ~ qu ~ n ~ R of llgno by a gold ~ ateur qul g ~ n ~ rere la nlDdulatlon en ~ onc: tl ~ n de la strùctu ~
and the content of mn ~ agos ~} ~ metl: ~ e.
A receiver ~ lac ~ d ~ n ~ ch ~ gue ~ oy ~ rd ~ la i ~ ovln ~ on ~ ppe ~ d CommutAteUL CE.t ~. ~. . he ~ naly ~ a ia E ~ qt ~ nncs d ~ llgnR e ~ nd ~ vl ~ en ~
dun ~ mp ~ and ~ elon lel; give that 11 in t ~ rnra ~ rendlea. 1 ~ 1 dbcl ~ lon d ~ ~ to place in ml ~ d ~ ~ cononnl ~
eli n ~ rm ~ l.

~ 5 ~ 33 ~ 3 o ~ gan ~ atlon IleB ~: h ~ xga ~ n ~ om ~ ut ~ r ~ ront dlvl ~ b ~ s an c1nq ~ roupe ~
~ '. Ctlau ~~ 9 ~ ~ yl ~ t ~ rg ~ 0 2 ~ hau ~ auQ celltr ~ ot: ~ rlque conventlunn ~ 1

3 ~ Ch ~ u ~ ao ~ u

4 - P11 nthe ~
At ~ r ~ l ~

Le conbr ~ 10 CE ~ -MF ~ era Inclu ~ au c ~ ont: r ~ 1e de ~ l-tners ~ le Qt ~ ~ er ~ conEIld ~ r ~ p - rc ~ ~ Sarnler commo UnQ comr ~ ndo. Year ~ 1 posl'cif ~ tnergle ~ hul1a- ~ lectrlcl ~ er ~ mls ~ n ~ nc ~ n paf E ~ a. ~ onUa ~ n ~ 9 ~ 10ca1 ~ (thermo ~ t ~ t tixt ~ ur? o ~ a ~ 1 ~ Com ~ ut: at ~ ur C ~. ~ 1.MF

Le ~ `tou ~ nal ~ e ~ ~ lec ~ crqui ~ r ~ 81 ~ nt ~ 11e ~ dl ~ ponll) 1 ~ ~ ur 1e ohi ~ ~ n ~ den pU ~ L8 ~ E ~ 11C ~ va ~ an1: fl ~ 15 ~ 40 KW ek ~ oat c ~ ns. ~ ltu ~ 8: d ~ p1u ~ l-uro ~ 1 ~ ments. E: n norma1 mode ~ ~ when ~ 1 y .ad ~ m ~ nd ~ ~ 03 ~ l ~ ntB 80nt rnlE ~ 50U ~ 1 tl3ns ~ on en ch ~ n ~
h ': ~ a prot: ~ Ur ~: h; ~ hltu ~. ISn mo ~ le bconomla un c ~ u ~:: trQ1 ~ 1u. : .tlil ~ mlqul ~) Included ~ dan ~ 1 Commt ~ t ~ ur C ~ P. contr ~ 1era a ~ partle of this ~ men'cs.

~ s ~ b ~ u2 ~ eu have g ~ n ~ aiamQn'c 2 ~ lAm ~ nt ~ chau ~ ants, pl ~ n.mode ~ ono ~ o ~ atour C ~ M ~ F ~ gsrdera hor ~
teni ~ lon ~ m ~ nt; pl ~ c ~. in the pa ~ tle 3up ~ rl ~ urQ du chau ~ f ~ u '~ ",',. .. ', ... ... . . . .
. . , "'' In ~ tJil ~ d ~ on ~ tHurs, le :: ~ mmutat ~ ur ~ .EMF
lnt ~ r.fac6 p ~ -d ~ lal ~ thermlqu ~ will cut ~ ne partl ~ ~ e la pul ~ nc ~ ~ .. chauEf ~ gj when placed ~ in mDde ~ c ~ nomlqu ~.

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~ ut ~: sutr ~ ch4 ~ a .: ~ u ~ m ~ yl ne or grande ~ 0ll60mme ~ rlc- ~ t that doesn’t. ~ notlon d ~ confort will be atr ~
'c ~ nimut ~ .. year:. ~ aict: le ~ u ffn totall ~ pa ~ 1O
Con ~ usator Ciæ. Mr. ~

3 ~ 33 IIQ ~
The dl ~ trlbutlon reading water; ~ lcltA is due to se ~ t ~ rl ~
s ~ on ~ e ~ cr, l ~ re ~ g ~ g ~ caphlquQ ~ and / or d ~ nlographlqu ~. The * leatrlclt6 to r ~ nc ~ r the number of uno d ~
yp ~ ~ the load ~ s ~ lc ~ r ~ pert: orl ~ r and ~ n tlrer d ~ 8 statlst ~ q ~ es en ~ ontlon de l ~ usc nomb ~ e ~ leur ~ mplacemsnt e ~
~ island iL ~ u ~ ulv ~ launches in K ~ ld ~ ap ~ a ~ conoml ~ er ~ Ce ~ l a1n de se ~ t ~ rl ~ Qr la ~ y ~ me CEMF ~ pas ora ~ m ~ nt s ~ lon la ~ ec ~ o ~ tl ~ n (lu network ~ m ~ n oncti ~ 7n de l ~ optlml ~ a'clon of p ~ ogrnmn ~ a. .:. .

~ o ~ nl ~ i ~ tl ~ n.
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~ i ~ int i ~ iod ~: de polnte la C ~ e ~ tric ~ levr ~
~ mot ~ t ~) m ~ # 8i ~ g ~) d ~ ml ~ e ~ nm ~ de ~ conomle ve ~ le (~) ~ ector ~ lo (~) 1; yp ~ (~) of charges ~; ~ lec ~: lonn ~ e ~. At 1 f in dn la m ~ n ~ p ~ rl ~ e de ~ olnte un daux ~ m ~ mQs ~ age ~ vxa 6ltr ~ ur r ~ placar l ~ h ~ r ~ e ~ in modo norm21.
....... ....
The ~ anointing. ~ ul ~ encea du aon ~ rale CEM ~. e ~ t cell ~ ~ 'a comn ~ u ~ it ~ a. tilt-. .
2 pd ~ Gn ~ t. . n ~ lot: ~ ovnomo ~ e ~ ' hR - 8 ~ tt Normal Mod ~ "

L ~. ~ ne ~ de roml ~ se en ~ no ~ norm ~ l is tou ~ vnr ~ le mlrolr d ~ A .m ~ n ~ a ~ ed ~. ml ~ e en ~ ao ~ e ~ conoml ~. An ~ error3 ln ~ ui'c ~ by ~ a ~ vl ~ lon ~ o ~ 'clve de la fré ~ auence p ~ naant ml ~ e ~ er ~ nt annu ~ p ~ r la d ~ v ~ atlon n ~ gatlv ~. du daux1 ~ m ~ ...

Ie. ~ e ~ sa ~ qui s ~ rvlra l ~ plus ~ ~ uY ~ nt ~ ura la du ~ a la plu3 short ~. ~ o ~ s ut ~ b au ~ a 1 ~ du ~ Ae la plu5 lOIllgUQ c ~ cl pDU ~ r ~ r8 aU mlnl ~ num 1 '~ c ~: umul ~ tlon ~ e ~ ~ rr ~ ur ~
eng ~ n ~ r ~ rl ~ i ~ t ~ atlon du sy ~ me.

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A ma ~ agn ~ ra n ~ s ~ ct ~ lQr de d ~ vi; ~ tlon ~ ~ e la fr ~ qucnc: e ~ the ~. llgnQ. I ~ u ~ Or ~ de ~ a ~ rAquenc ~ nomlnale e ~ lntbrl ~ u ~
d una pl ~ abllo C ~ tta ~ ucce ~ 31 on for ~ r ~ ~ ~ P ~ TRON "~
L ~ n ~ mbX ~ pst ~ ons ~ er ~ dlvl ~ é ~ n tx ~ l ~ group ~:

-PAl '~ ON ~ 1) 13 ~ 01i CT ~: UR ~
Cha ~ au ~ u ~ bura ~ on ~ dre ~ 3 and ~ e cc ~ mmut ~ taur : CE! M.lr. d ~ vrn avqlr r ~ known cel ~ adr ~ a ~ before ac ~ eptar a mct ~ g ~ ~ le.c! t ~ nande.
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. ~ PArR ~ 13 D ~ C ~ MMAN ~
Ml ~ n mode: ~ co ~ omlque ~ ~ c ml ~ in mod2 norm ~ l.
,,: '. : -. '''' ~ ~ PAq! RQNI ~ bB ~ ERVIC15 G ~ s me ~ sag ~ s. ~ Our ~ have u '~ lr ~ ser ~ le rAE ~ au ~ u ~ de ~
t ~ ur ~ c ~ Ionn ~
IllP ~ i ~ q 'L ~ 8 Io ~ lclel ~ d ~ nPnutateurs CE: .MF ~ xont r ~ -. lnltl ~
PE ~ O ~ KAH We can pro ~ rn dl ~ ance la partle ~: EPRI) M
from ~ mi ~ Ine ~ C ~ nut ~ t ~ ur6 C.13: .MF a1n de their lm ~ lant; ~ en ~ uveaux p ~ tron3 ek / ~ ud ~ n .. .. D ~ c ~ r. ~ A ~ n6 ..
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L8 ~ rbql ~ nc ~
The ~ ~ ur ~.
IlB ~ urront âtro ~ uctur ~ of more ~ their ~ n ~ nl ~ re ~ and 17b ~ d ~ of many ~ u ~ characters ~ r ~ stiq ~ l ~ a.
: Av ~ ic ~ 1 ~ sæn ~ p ~ r ~ ule ~ up ~ -tambulo. -,,::,. - ...,:
Av ~ c ~ ui ~ cd ~ nAs do ~ GohtrOle, typ ~ par lt ~ e (~ al ~ e ou lmp ~ lr ~). -. . . :. .
... ... . . . ..
A ~ read ~ ur3 dbvlatlon ~ a ~ te ~ ~ onnb ~ sn conz ~ cutlv ~.

AV ~ C OR ~ Rns fr ~ qu ~ nce ~ appal ~ es ~ ma ~ qUeu ~ s ~ 7 qul del ~ mlter ~ nt 1 * domaln ~ d ~ rla ~ n and qul po ~ on ~ au ~ sl ~, ervâx ~ p ~ a ~. and Eo ~ t ~ mbuls.
L, ad ~ lrA ~ de la v ~ ria ~ lon ~ s3e la po ~ l ~ lon ~ tab ~ e ~ e la f rAquen ~ o pouzra ~ u ~ lv ~ rl ~ rl? our nou ~ psrmettrs ~ ncore ~ lu ~ d ~ s ~ lbl 1 It ~
e ~
Un0 c: oncluslon ~ 'lm ~ o ~ e: Plus 1E ~ pla ~ e de ~ vlatlon perml ~ ~ and gr ~ nd ~ plu ~ 1 ~ po ~ slblll ~: A d ~ rrnur est rA ~ ulte.
~ r ~ fj la .pos ~ lbillt ~ - .d! ~ rreu ~ 1ndult ~ by da bru ~ ques v ~ rl ~ tlon ~ d ~ ~ r ~ uenc ~ ca ~ s ~ by de ~; ch ~ nyement ~ rap ~ d ~
of ch ~ g ~ auasl lmpo ~ 51ble, ac: ause of the length ~ hard ~
des ~ flges ~ t par. ~ on ~ b ~ uen ~ of the number ~ ~ lev ~ s of coln ~: lClor ~ es ~ uc: c ~ 3 ~ 1ve ~ that 11 f ~ ludralt for ~ ue given leg ~
recRullLi ~ s by li ~. Controller C, E, M, F. reneorltrQnt ~: ~ lle ~
d'l ~ n pa ~ ron do: c! omman ~
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v ~ tl ~ * lmale of the Er ~ quence of a ~ 15 gne de trat ~ sp ~ t ~ l ~ ctrlque ~ st. ~ plus ~ or mo.lns. 5 Hz by rappoxt . sa ~ q ~ nc ~: nomlnale d ~ 60 H4. So we will have a qu ~ n ~ n ~ e de ~ 9. 5) Iz and a ~ maxlmale ~ e 60. 5 H ~.
P ~ X le 1! Onc: 'clonn ~ ent du ~ y ~ me Cl: .M. ~. it defines a ~
plags ~ .d ~. ~ b.vlatlon de ch ~ ue cot ~ de ce ~ dqux llml'c ~ i P ~ A ~ Pl, A ~ HIGH
. ......... ~ 9, S 60 ~ 0. 5 61 , 5 Hz r ~ r ~ h ~ e ur ~ error ~ le. 833 ~.
. .
~ J ~: e ~ reUz ma ~ lmale tol ~ abl ~ for CHt ~ 8 llgne e ~ t ~ c 2 ~.
Nou ~ aho ~ ron ~. So a ~ hypoth range ~ Stlque between 59 1l ~ e ~;
61 H: ~ because 1 ~ z corr ~) ond ~ une er ~ eu ~ d ~ 1. 6% ~
Nou ~ nbll ~ r ~ ouvonfl therefore with ~ them C ~ 1age ~ ~ le ~ vlationo ut ~ ee. e'C deux ~ r ~ qu ~ naes ~ ltes' lmar ~ ueur ~ olt 59 ~ t 61 HX .. ... -; 81 n ~ U5. ~ On ~ r ~ n ~ B ~ Oment qUe 1QS entl ~ rs nou ~ ~ von ~ therefore 8. ~ R ~ u ~ n ~ es utll ~ ~ t ~ 1 for example we con ~ 'cltuon ~
de3 m ~ sag ~ unanim ~ R o ~ nou ~ en cholss l ~ son ~ qua deux d ~ ntre l ~ s hult, noU ~ avon6 a po ~ lblllt ~ ~ e me ~ g ~.

:

C3 ~ 3 81 on: cons1dèr ~ ~ lu0 no ~ A ~ fl ~ lU hypothbtlque ne poss ~ de qUQ
4 ~ n ~ ur ~ ~ t 5 typ ~ B d ~ ch ~ rg ~ s nous ~ uron ~ ~ onc 20 mel ~ ags ~ ~ g ~ n ~ E ¢ rp ~ ur ~ la ~ r all the water ~ 140 ~ 1Q
~ onomlQ, A noker. that 8 ~ we pre ~ 1 'lnt ~ ur ~ um ~ me m ~ q ~ un ~ Aqu ~ n ~ haqu ~ pla ~ mal ~ $ ym ~ trlquo par report ~ ~ 60 IJ ~ no ~ 'will have ~ n ~ rb auc: an error in the coi ~ pte de ~ cyc: le3. ~ t ~ r ~ ch ~ quR m ~ seage.
Let us begin the process. du.m ~ d ~ cl ~ parS: ~

I IPAn l DI ~ CRIPTION I UU ~ I FP ~ QI
D6 ~ rla ~ ion d ~ d ~ p ~ c plr ~ ca3 1 T ~ I ~ 9 . 2 11 A'ctante ........ I T2 I v ~ r 3: ~ ~ l donr ~ ~ 0 ~ r ~ tlon ~ 1 I T3 I Fl 1: 4. 1. Wait. , I T4 1 va ~
: S 1 ~ 2: donr ~: 613 - dSvl ~, on li ~ I r5 1 ~ 2 1 6: 1. A ~ ter ~ tc: .... l T6 I v ~ r I
I_____t___________ ___ ~ _ ~ --_ ~ ______________ I__ ____ I ~ _____ I
1: 7. 1 ... ~ v ~ at1 ~ n de 1n p ~ r ~ c ~ I T7 1 ~ 61 l _ _, ~ _ _ l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l _ _ _ ~ _ _ ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ l L ~ meB ~ b ~ t ~ ur ~ r ~ le ~ ra ~ onc:
... . ..
, I "- ~" I _ ~ _____ ___ ____ --___ - _______________ I __ ~ ___ I ______ I
: 1. Ph ~ l) E9CRIl ~ ION I DUR ~: ~ 2 1 liR ~
D ~ vlat ~ n: de '~ plr ~ cas 1 Tl 1 ~ 1 1 2 1 h ~ t ~ nte:. .1 TZ I va ~ I
I_, ~ __I ___ ~ ______ _________________________ I _______ I_ ~ ____ I
3 1 ~ nn ~~ o ~ d ~ lat ~ on ~ 1 1 T3 1 ~ 1 - ~. I At ~ n ~ e.:. IT ~ I var ~ _ ~ ___ ~ _ _____ ~ __ ~ __ ~ --_________ ~ ____ I _______ I ____ ~ _I
5 :. 1 F ~ nneo: 60 ~ ~ 6v ~ 1-t ~ on ~ IT ~ I FZ
l__ ~ _l ~ _, __ ~ ___________ ~ ___________ ___ ~ _ ~ l _______ l______l

6 ~ tt ~ ntr ~ 'I T6 I v ~ r 1; 7 ~ ti ~ n de f ~ n ~ lxa ~ a8 1 ~ 7 1 59 ... . . . ... ...
Ch ~ qu ~ n, e ~ age? ~ Ora don ~ i cion ~ tltu ~ dc H ~ pt p ~ r ~ ode ~ ~ e dur ~ e vi ~ l ~ bla- ~ t ~ i ~ f ~ rRnt ~ Bi n ~ c ~ a ~ r ~: Tl-T7.
d8'C ~ mpl ~ n '~ t; gu ~ un ~ d ~ s num ~ use ~ ~ o ~ sl ~ lll'cbs d ~ la ve ~ sa ~ ll it ~ d ~ c ~ ~ Y ~ ME ~ E COMMUNICATIOtJ LENTB.

2ai ~

A ~ gb ~ Cla of ~ lect ~ lclt ~
~ lon 1 ~ mol ~ Day do 1 ~ sRmalne and the hour t.ypo palnto ~ 1 ~ Cle ~ Gtrlclt ~ QCt10nn ~ ra le ~ ~; octeurE ~
les tr ~ 6t8 ~ e chnr ~ a commutar ~ n mode ~ conoml ~ ue s ~ lnn la dem ~ lnaa ~ nérgStlque.
l) nm ~ ffMaS ~ ~ Q ml ~ e ~ n mo ~ ~ ConomlqUQ ~ era ~ ans le r ~ se ~ uv ~ r ~ 1R ~ cha ~: ~ 06 ~? out <l ~ p ~ nde ~ n ~ ~ la ~ estorl ~ atlor ~
d ~ l .syst ~ me GEH ~ F. we have ~ one or more ~ urs m ~ ge #
~ on ~ ut ~~ p ~ u ~ ~ com ~ llr 1 ~ ~: h ~ hgnmont d ~ m ~ de.
un ~ ~ ol ~ le D ~ lal ~ .ao 'Mlse ~ n tto ~ e' cer ~ lnfi la r ~ qu ~ nce ~ both: ~ e ~ nu3 ~ 60, ~ Cle ~ lcc: trl ~ for ~ a ~ e b ~: an ~ h ~ ~ u ~ a ~ ix ~ t ~ tlon.
~ an'c q ~. ce r ~ ë ~ u ra ~ tora ouve ~ t ~ a Cle d '~ le ~: ~ rlclt ~ ne ~ vurra ~ put ~ to ~ utre ~ Mznayo c ~ Rll ~ æ ~ true xo ~ pecter H ~ i La: plabl ~ la ~ tlon ~ t l'AP ~ ec ~ atlon ~ evra ~ onc ~ tre falt ~ ~ -1 'a ~ hQe ~. .
In ~ ln .1 ~ p ~ Iodë de ~ lnt ~ tQrn, ln ~ 7 On or ~ n dl ~ vnctaurs du. r ~ e ~ 'o ~ c ~ ortatlen ~ t ~ n ~ m ~ ttr ~ un mQe; 8age ~ e miss in. ~ o ~ norm ~ la ~ xm ~ mç ~ sec ~ urs et aux r ~ m ~ B ch ~ rge ~ vis ~ ~ ar: l ~ yrQm ~ rm ~ g ~.
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A ~ h ~ ue ~ ol ~ q ~ Q la.Cle d'~ l: le ~ trl ~ lth d ~ c: l (lera de modlf ~ er l ~ b ~ at du ~ t ~ o produl ~ unQ lm ~ o ~ tantn ~ rla ~ l ~ n du: la ~ h ~ rg ~: ~ ux s: ette partl ~ du Yh ~ Qau, Commat ~ lon ~ t lmp ~ tant ~ ell ~ pou ~: ra ~ mOmQ g ~ n ~ rsr dQ ~
~ error ~ nllne ~ re ~:: d ~ n ~ le ~ yst ~ m ~. For ~ vlter ee pxobl ~ me each check:. C ~ t ~ Q ~ r CEH ~ ur ~ un d ~ n ml3e ~ n mode ~ yes. li ~ ~ r ~ c * ~; ~ lso ~ u. . C ~ t ~ ~ re ~ 1 ~ con ~ n ~ ed ~
are changing. m ~ d ~ at the new level of the dll ~ rge will be twisted ~ e ~ n . on ~: ~ 10n diun - no ~ nbr ~ al ~ ato ~ r ~ s ~ lectionn ~ pax le ~: ommutat ~ ur CE ~ M., F. ~, each ~ r ~ eptlon of ~ omm ~ nes.
L ~ ~ burbQ di ~. K ~ vnlbles ~ n mode é ~ a ~ omlque ~ urA un ~
: I? En ~ po ~ l'cl ~ re ~ douc ~ su lleu una mont ~ e brut ~ le. L ~ m ~ m ~
: ph ~ in ~ m ~ ne - ~: p ~ oddlra for comm ~ n ~ ed ~ mi ~ e in mod2 n ~ r ~ a ~ c ~ e1 ~ 0 l6 ~ with a ~ p ~ n ~ e, n ~ g ~ t iv ~.

3 ~ 3 co, m ~ u '~ Jtelu ~ OEMF
A- LO ~ I CI EL8 L ~ Colhm ~ ltatc ~ ur ~ 3ilt ~ n ~ un ~ iy ~ tbm ~ d'aequl ~ lt1c) n ~ e donn ~ umQl ~ i ~ un ~ y ~ t ~ de r ~ conn ~ lss ~ nc ~ de patron et a a proc0 ~ aU ~ d ~ 1610nn ~ ut ~ u ~ ervl ~ b by a 1 ~ 1clel ~ c ~ n ~ td ~ v6r1fla ~ t10n.
. ~.
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l ~ ne. L ~ ValeurE ~ num ~ r1 ~ us2 ~ a ~ ocl6es ~ ce ~ e ~ nl ~ e G ~ ront .ent ~ epo ~ dan ~ i- un ~ m ~ mo1re vlve. All ~ s the ~ val ~ ur ~
that they do not enter. p ~ 3 in the area of d ~ flnltlon ~ ront ~ llmi, n ~ e ~ and remp ~ ac ~ b ~. by ~ a moy ~ nne ent ~ 2 1 ~ d ~ nn ~
pr ~ d ~ nt ~ ~ la ~ U1v ~. L ~ m5m ~ pro ~ d-lre oet r ~ a ~ l ~ fl pa ~ all ~ lemen ~ .p ~ ur 1oa ~ rlod ~ s ~ ocl ~ es aux vArlatl ~ n ~.
~ '.
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C ~ n ~ ltu ~ d ~ a number generator al ~ a ~ olxe having a d ~ m ~ ln ~ d4 ~ nl en ~ on ~ lo ~ du d ~ lal ~ maxlmum ac ~ p ~ able par la ~ c ~ riclt ~ et ~ uh ~ ompteu ~ ad ~ cr ~ mnnt ~ tl ~ n ~
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~ nm ~ d ~ ~ ar ac ~ 10n or rel ~ chem ~ n ~ commUta ~ ux of ~ h ~

3 ~ 33 I
up8 ~ e le ~ a ~ it ~ R. at ~ uro ~ ie their good onct: 10nn ~ m ~ nt par ~ e mul ~ 1 ~ le ~ compara1sons de d ~ nn ~ sn ~ t results. ~ ca ~ a ~ error 11 undertake ~ ra ~ B ~ rle of test-.et ~ n ~ a aux autres} oglc1cls de ~ Qc ~ lcul ~ r ~ ~ 1 the error. pe ~ This ~ ll! dra a naut ~ -reset ". ~ p ~ r ~ l ~ te , ~ n ~; or ~ f ~ hcra un ~ n ~ ld '~ rreur p ~ rl' 1ndl ~ teur de are you ~ "
Hardwar ~ ~ u ~ on mutatoule C. E. M. F.
Por obtLr la-.pr * ~ ls10n ~ t la flabllit ~ n ~ lr ~ n ~ us eron ~ appo ~ - ~ a n ~ lcro-contr ~ eur naU ~ ce vlte ~ e with a r ~ ol ~ t ~ on mlnlma1 ~. q ~ ab ~ t ~ era re ~ pon ~ d ~ a op ~ tion ~ .math ~ tlqu ~ ~ .t loglques ~ uppo ~ both the process ~ us ~ c ~ lonnel ~ u Commut ~ tollr. C. ~
Une m ~ mel ~ mor ~ e ~ ontlendr ~ logl ~ lel ~ e ~: ~ e ~ patronE ~ de d ~ vl ~ tlon de ~ r ~ gu ~ n ~ oute ~ le ~ po ~ lblll ~ cA ~ should cont ~ n ~ a ~ ~ p ~ rt.
Uni mifilolr ~ vlv ~ for em ~ a ~ asl ~ r temporalremcn ~ le.s donnbes roS ~ uasC ~ u ~ ndltlonneur ~ lgn ~ l.
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Un lcir ~ ul ~ R ~ e ~ rett ~ r ~ ml ~ :: ro ~ roc ~ sseu ~ ~ sa po ~ ltlon from start to ~ a ~. do ~ n ~ ed ~ court ~ nt.
Uh ~ ondl ~ lann ~ u ~, of signal cont ~ nan ~ a d ~ teGtor d ~ pa: t8a ~ e ~ cl ~ lpn. a ~ nt a ~ ortle ~ c, nd ~ ~ arrke or l ~ pu l ~
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; A ~ clrcult d '~ n ~ tlon ~ Dntenant: ~ e ~ re ~ seurs, ~ e, r ~ gu ~ at ~ u ~ ~ t itY8n ~ orn ~ qUr ~ i nbc ~ alre af ln da pourvo ~ r ~ aa ~ ul ~ ~ n allm ~ htat ~ n DC.
~ na .10 ~ without t ~ ansforn ~ t ~ ur ~ censlon d '~ ntr ~ c may va ~ ontrei ~ ~ t 24.Vacj avoc tran ~ trainer 1 ~ 0 or 240 '~ h ~. . , , ,,:
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Claims (13)

CLAIMS: 1. A method of telecommunication and / or remote control via the transmission line of electric current at frequency fundamental of said line, comprising the encoding steps and transmission of a signal via said line by the modulation of the power transmitted by the said line and with a representation of said signal at a frequency lower than the frequency of said line and including the steps of receiving and interpreting the says remote signal. 2. A method as defined in claim 1, in which said modulation is an amplitude modulation of the voltage of the power transmitted by said line. 3. A method as defined in claim 1, in which said modulation is a frequency modulation fundamental of the voltage or current of the power transmitted by the said line. 4. A method as defined in claim 1 in which said modulation is a phase modulation of the power transmitted by said line. 5. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said modulation is limited to approximately 4% or -4% or +/- 4% of the amplitude of said voltage. 6. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said modulation is limited to approximately 4% or -4% or +/- 4% of the fundamental frequency of the voltage or current of the power transmitted by said line. 7. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said modulation is limited to approximately 4% or -4% or +/- 4% of the degree of the phase shift angle in the transmitted power by the said line. 8. A method as defined in claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 in which the said representation is a digital signal. 9. Equipment used for telecommunications and / or remote control via the electric current transmission line to the fundamental frequency of the line and including the devices generation, encoding and transmission of a signal via this line by means of the modulation of the power transmitted by the said line with a representation of this signal at a frequency lower than the fundamental frequency of the said line and including the reception, interpretation and decoding of said remote signal. 10. An apparatus as described in claim 9 wherein said modulation is a modulation of the amplitude of the voltage of the power transmitted by the line. 11. An apparatus as described in claim 9 in which said modulation is a frequency modulation fundamental of the voltage or current of the power transmitted by line. 12. An apparatus as described in claim 9 wherein said modulation is a modulation of the phase of the power transmitted by the line. 13. An apparatus as described in claim 9, 10, 11 and 12 in which the said representation is a signal digital.